Upstream and downstream of Ran GTPase

Biological Chemistry

Volumn 381, Issue 5-6, 2000, Pages 397-405

  Nishimoto, Takeharu ^a  

^a KYUSHU UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Cell cycle; Gtr1p; Microtubule assembly; Nucleocytoplasmic transport; Ran

Indexed keywords

CHROMOSOME PROTEIN; GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE BINDING PROTEIN; GUANINE NUCLEOTIDE EXCHANGE FACTOR; GUANOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE; GUANOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE ACTIVATING PROTEIN; RAS PROTEIN;

CELL CYCLE; CELL NUCLEUS; CELLULAR DISTRIBUTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOPLASM; CYTOSOL; DNA REPLICATION; DNA TRANSFER; INTRACELLULAR TRANSPORT; MACROMOLECULE; MICROTUBULE ASSEMBLY; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN INTERACTION; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; REVIEW;

EID: 0033922776     PISSN: 14316730     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1515/BC.2000.052     Document Type: Review

References (93)

1. Amberg, D.C., Fleischmann, M., Stagljar, I., Cole, C.N., and Aebi, M. (1993). Nuclear PRP20 protein is required for mRNA export. EMBO J. 72, 233-241.
2. Azuma, Y., Renault, L., Garcia-Ranea, J.A., Valencia, A., Nishimoto, T., and Wittinghofer, A. (1999). Model of the Ran-RCC1 interaction using biochemical and docking experiments. J. Mol. Biol. 289, 1119-1130.
3. Battistoni, A., Guarguaglini, G., Degrassi, F., Pittoggi, C., Palena, A., Matteo, G.D., Pisano, C., Cundari, E., and Lavia, P. (1997). Deregulated expression of the RanBP1 gene alters cell cycle progression in murine fibroblasts. J. Cell Science 110, 2345-2357.
4. Becker, J., Melchior, F., Gerke, V., Bischoff, F.R., Ponstingl, H., and Wittinghofer, A. (1995). RNA1 encodes a GTPase-activating protein specific for Gsp1p, the Ran/TC4 homologue of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 11860-11865.
5. Bischoff, F.R., Maier, G., Tilz, G., and Ponstingl, H. (1990). A 47-kDa human nuclear protein recognized by antikinetochore autoimmune sera is homologous with the protein encoded by RCC1, a gene implicated in onset of chromosome condensation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87, 8617-8621.
6. Bischoff, F.R., and Ponstingl, H. (1991). Mitotic regulator protein RCC1 is complexed with a nuclear ras-related polypeptide. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 88, 10830-10834.
7. Bischoff, F.R., and Ponstingl, H. (1991b). Catalysis of guanine nucleotide exchange on Ran by the mitotic regulator RCC1. Nature 354, 80-82.
8. Bischoff, F.R., Krebber, H., Kempf, T., Hermes, I., and Ponstingl, H. (1995). Human RanGTPase-activating protein RanGAP1 is a homologue of yeast Rna1p involved in mRNA processing and transport. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 1749-1753.
9. Bischoff, F.R., Krebber, H., Smirnova, E., Dong, W., and Ponstingl, H. (1995b). Co-activation of RanGTPase and inhibition of GTP dissociation by Ran-GTP binding protein RanBP1. EMBO J. 15, 705-715.
10. Bun-ya, M., Harashima, S., and Oshima, Y. (1992). Putative GTP-binding protein, Gtr1, associated with the function of the Pho84 inorganic phosphate transporter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12, 2958-2966.
11. Carozo-Salas, R.E., Guarguaglini, G., Gruss, O.J., Segref, A., Karsenti, E., and Mattaj, I. (1999). Generation of GTP-bound Ran by RCC1 is required for chromatin-induced mitotic spindle formation. Nature 400, 178-181.
12. Chook, Y.M., and Blobel, G. (1999). Structure of the nuclear transport complex karyopherin-β2-Ran-GppNHp. Nature 399, 230-237.
13. Chuang, R.Y., Weaver, P.L., Liu, Z., and Chang, T.H. (1997). Requirement of the DEAD-Box protein ded1p for messenger RNA translation. Science 275, 1468-1471.
14. Cingolani, G., Petosa, C., Weis, K., and Muller, C.W. (1999). Structure of importin-β bound to the IBB domain of importin-α. Nature 399, 221-229.
15. Corbett, A.H., Koepp, D.M., Schlenstedt, G., Lee, M.S., Hopper, A.K., and Silver, P.A. (1995). Rna1p, a Ran/TC4 GTPase activating protein, is required for nuclear import. J. Cell Biol. 130, 1017-1026.
16. Coutavas, E., Ren, M., Oppenheim, J.D., D'Eustachio, P., and Rush, M.G. (1993). Characterization of proteins that interact with the cell-cycle regulatory protein Ran/TC4. Nature 366, 585-587.
17. Dasso, M., Nishitani, H., Kornbluth, S., Nishimoto, T., and Newport, J.W. (1992). RCC1, a regulator of mitosis, is essential for DNA replication. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12, 3337-3345.
18. Desai, A., and Mitchison, T.J. (1997). Microtubule polymerization dynamics. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 13, 83-117.
19. Dogterom, M., Felix, M.-A., Guet, C.C., and Leibler, S. (1996). Influence of M-phase chromatin on the anisotrophy of microtubule asters. J. Cell Biol. 133, 125-140.
20. Drivas, G.T., Shih, A., Coutavas, E., Rush, M.G., and D'Eustachio, P. (1990). Characterization of four novel ras-like genes expressed in a human teratocarcinoma cell line. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10, 1793-1798.
21. Dunphy, W.G. (1994). The decision to enter mitosis. Trends Cell Biol. 4, 202-207.
22. Elledge, J.S. (1996). Cell cycle checkpoints: preventing an identity crisis. Science 274, 1664-1672.
23. Forrester, W., Stutz, F., Rosbash, M., and Wickens, M. (1992). Defects in mRNA 3'-end formation, transcription initiation, and mRNA transport associated with the yeast mutation prp20: possible coupling of mRNA processing and chromatin structure. Genes Dev. 6, 1914-1926.
24. Frasch, M. (1991). The maternally expressed Drosophila gene encoding the chromatin-binding protein BJ1 is a homologue of the vertebrate gene regulator of chromatin condensation, RCC1. EMBO J. 10, 1225-1236.
25. Gorlich, D., Dabrowski, M., Bischoff, F.R., Kutay, U., Bork, P., Hartmann, E., Prehn, S., and Izaurralde, E. (1997). A novel class of RanGTP binding proteins. J. Cell Biol. 138, 65-80.
26. Gorlich, D., and Kutay, U. (1999). Transport between the cell nucleus and the cytoplasm. Annu. Rev. Cell Dev. Biol. 15, 607-660.
27. Hagting, A., Karlsson, C., Clute, P., Jackman, M., and Pines, J. (1998). MPF localization is controlled by nuclear export. EMBO J. 17, 4127-4138.
28. Hartwell, L.H., and Weinert, T.A. (1989). Checkpoints: controls that ensure the order of cell cycle events. Science 246, 629-634.
29. Hayashi, N., Seino, H., Irie, K., Watanabe, M., Clark, K.L., Matsumoto, K., and Nishimoto, T. (1996). Genetical interaction of DED1 encoding a putative ATP-dependent RNA helicase with SRM1 encoding a mammalian RCC1 homologue in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol. Gen. Genet. 253, 149-156.
30. Heald, R., McLoughlin, M., and McKeon, F. (1993). Human wee1 maintains mitotic timing by protecting the nucleus from cytoplasmically activated cdc2 kinase. Cell 74, 463-474.
31. Hilling, R.C., Renault, L., Vetter, I.R., Drell IV, T., Wittinghofer, A., and Becker, J. (1999). The crystal structure of rnalp: a new fold for a GTPase-activating protein. Mol. Cell 3, 781-791.
32. Hirose, E., Nakashima, N., Sekiguchi, T., and Nishimoto, T. (1998). RagA is a functional homologue of S. cerevisiae Gtr1p involved in the Ran/Gsp1-GTPase pathway. J. Cell Science 111, 11-21.
33. Izaurralde, E., Kutay, U., Kobbe, C.V., Mattaj, I.W., and Gorlich, D. (1997). The asymmetric distribution of the constituents of the Ran system is essential for transport into and out of the nucleus. EMBO J. 16, 6535-6547.
34. Jamieson, D.J., Rahe, B., Pringle, J., and Beggs, D. (1991). A suppressor of a yeast splicing mutation (prp8-1) encodes a putative ATP-dependent RNA helicase. Nature 349, 715-717.
35. Jin, P., Hardy, S., and Morgan, D. (1998). Nuclear localization of cyclin B1 controls mitotic entry after DNA damage. J. Cell Biol. 141, 875-885.
36. Kahana, J., and Cleveland, D.W. (1999). Beyond nuclear transport: Ran-GTP as determinant of spindle assembly. J. Cell Biol. 146, 1205-1209.
37. Kai, R., Ohtsubo, M., Sekiguchi, M., and Nishimoto, T. (1986). Molecular Cloning of a human gene that regulates chromosome condensation and is essential for cell proliferation. Mol. Cell. Biol. 6, 2027-2032.
38. Kalab, P., Pu, R.T., and Dasso, M. (1999). The Ran GTPase regulates mitotic spindle assembly. Current Biol. 9, 481-484.
39. Karlsson, C., Katich, S., Hagting, A., Hoffmann, I., and Pines, J. (1999). Cdc25B and cdc25C differ markedly in their properties as initiators of mitosis. J. Cell Biol. 146, 573-583.
40. Klebe, C., Bischoff, F.R., Ponstingl, H., and Wittinghofer, A. (1995). Interaction of the Nuclear GTP-binding Protein Ran with its regulatory proteins RCC1 and RanGAP1. Biochemistry 34, 639-647.
41. Liu, F., Stanton, J.J., Wu, Z., and Piwnica-worms, H. (1997). The human Myt1 kinase preferentially phosphorylates Cdc2 on threonine 14 and localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complex. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17, 571-583.
42. Loeb, J.D.J., Schlenstedt, G., Pellman, D., Kornitzer, D., Silver, P.A., and Fink, G.R. (1995). The yeast nuclear import receptor is required for mitosis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92, 7647-7651.
43. Moore, M.S., and Blobel, G. (1993). The GTP-binding protein Ran/TC4 is required for protein import into the nucleus. Nature 365, 661-663.
44. Mueller, P.R., Coleman, T.R., Kumagai, A., and Dunphy, W.G. (1995). Myt1: a membrane-associated inhibitory kinase that phosphorylates Cdc2 on both threonine-14 and tyrosine-15. Science 270, 86-90.
45. Mueller, L., Cordes, V.C., Bischoff, F.R., and Ponstingl, H. (1998). Human RanBP3, a group of nuclear RanGTP binding proteins. FEBS Lett. 15, 330-336.
46. Nachury, M.V., and Weis, K. (1999). The direction of transport through the nuclear pore can be inverted. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 9622-9627.
47. Nakamura, M., Masuda, H., Horii, J., Kuma, K., Yokoyama, N., Ohba, T., Nishitani, H., Miyata, T., Tanaka, M., and Nishimoto, T. (1998). A novel centrosomal protein, RanBPM, when overexpressed, causes ectopic microtubule nucleation, similar to γ-tubulin. J. Cell Biol. 143, 1041-1052.
48. Nakashima, N., Hayashi, N., Noguchi, E., and Nishimoto, T. (1996). Putative GTPase GTR1 genetically interacts with RanGTPase cycle in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J. Cell Science. 109, 2311-2318.
49. Nakashima, N., Noguchi, E., and Nishimoto, T. (1999). Saccharomyces cerevisiae putative G protein, Gtr1p, which forms complexes with itself and a novel protein designated as Gtr2p, negatively regulates the Ran/Gsp1p G protein cycle through Gtr2p. Genetics 152, 853-867.
50. Nakielny, S., and Dreyfuss, G. (1999). Transport of proteins and RNAs in and out of the nucleus. Cell 99, 677-690.
51. Nehrbass, U., and Blobel, G. (1996). Role of the nuclear transport factor p10 in nuclear import. Science 272, 120-122.
52. Nigg, E.A. (1997). Nucleocytoplasmic transport: signals, mechanisms and regulation. Nature 386, 779-787.
53. Nishimoto, T., and Basilico, C. (1978). Analysis of a method for selecting temperature-sensitive mutants of BHK cells. Somat. Cell. Genetics 4, 323-340.
54. Nishimoto, T., Eilen, E., and Basilico, C. (1978b). Premature chromosome condensation in a ts DNA-mutant of BHK cells. Cell 15, 475-483.
55. Nishimoto, T., Ishida, R., Ajiro, K., Yamamoto, S., and Takahashi, T. (1981). The synthesis of protein(s) for chromosome condensation may be regulated by a post-transcriptional mechanism. J. Cell. Physiol. 109, 299-308.
56. Nishimoto, T., Sekiguchi, T, Kai, R., Yamashita, K., Takahashi, T., and Sekiguchi, M. (1982). Large-scale selection and analysis of temperature-sensitive mutants for cell reproduction from BHK cells. Somat. Cell. Genetics 8, 811-824.
57. Nishimoto, T. (1997). Isolation and characterization of temperature-sensitive mammalian cell cycle mutants. Meth. Enzymol. 283, 292-309.
58. Nishimoto, T. (1999). A new role of Ran GTPase. Biochem. Biophy. Res. Commun. 262, 571-574.
59. cdc2/cyclin B activation in hamster BHK21 cells arrested with hydroxyurea. J. Cell Biol. 138, 1105-1116.
60. Nishitani, H., Ohtubo, M., Yamashita, K., Iida, H., Pines, J., Yasuda, H., Shibata, Y., Hunter, T., and Nishimoto, T. (1991). Loss of RCC1, a nuclear DNA-binding protein, uncouples the completion of DNA replication from the activation of cdc2 protein kinase and mitosis. EMBO J. 10, 1555-1564.
61. Noguchi, E., Hayashi, N., Nakashima, N., and Nishimoto, T. (1997). Yrb2p, Nup2p-related yeast protein has functional overlap with Rna1p, yeast RanGAP protein. Mol. Cell. Biol. 17, 2235-2246.
62. Noguchi, E., Saitoh, Y., Sazer, S., and Nishimoto, T. (1999). Disruption of YRB2 gene retards nuclear protein export, causing a profound mitotic delay, and can be rescued by overexpression of XPO1/CRM1. J. Biochemistry 125, 574-585.
63. Ohba, T., Nakamura, M., Nishitani, T., and Nishimoto, T. (1999). Self-organization of microtubule asters induced in Xenopus egg extracts by GTP-bound Ran. Science 284, 1356-1358.
64. Ohtsubo, M., Kai, R., Furuno, N., Sekiguchi, T., Sekiguchi, M., Hayashida, H., Kuma, K., Miyata, T., Fukushige, S., Murotsu, T., Matsubara, K., and Nishimoto, T. (1987). Isolation and characterization of the active cDNA of the human cell cycle gene (RCC1) involved in the regulation of onset of chromosome condensation. Genes Dev. 1, 585-593.
65. Ohtsubo, M., Okazaki, H., and Nishimoto, T. (1989). The RCC1 protein, a regulator for the onset of chromosome condensation locates in the nucleus and binds to DNA. J. Cell Biol. 109, 1389 -1397.
66. Oki, M., Noguchi, E., Hayashi, N., and Nishimoto, T. (1998). Nuclear protein import, but not mRNA export, is defective in all of the temperature-sensitive mutants of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ran homologue, Gsp1-GTPase. Mol. Gen. Genet. 257, 624-634.
67. Oki, M., and Nishimoto, T. (1998). A novel protein required for nuclear protein import, Mog1p, directly interacts with GTP-Gsp1p, Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ran-homologue. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 15388-15398.
68. Pante, N., and Aebi, U. (1996). Molecular dissection of the nuclear pore complex. Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 31, 153-199.
69. Paschal, B., Delphin, C., and Gerace, L. (1996). Nucleotide-specific interaction of Ran/TC4 with nuclear transport factors NTF2 and p97. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 7679-7683.
70. Puck, T.T. (1972). The mammalian cell as a microorganism (San Francisco, USA: Holded-Day Inc.).
71. Ren, M., Drivas, G., D'Eustachio, P., and Rush, M.G. (1993). Ran/TC4: a snall nuclear GTP-binding protein that regulates DNA synthesis. J. Cell Biol. 120, 313-323.
72. Renault, L., Nassar, N., Vetter, I., Becker, J., Klebe, C., Roth M., and Wittinghofer, A. (1998). The 1.7 Å crystal structure of the regulator of chromosome condensation (RCC1) reveals a seven-bladed propeller. Nature 392, 97-101.
73. Ribbeck, K., Lipowsky, G., Kent, H.M., Stewart, M., and Gorlich, D. (1998). NTF2 mediates nuclear import of Ran. EMBO J. 17, 6587-6598.
74. Saitoh, H., Sparrow, D.B., Shiomi, T., Pu, R.T., Nishimoto, T., Mohun, J., and Dasso, M. (1998). Ubc9p and the conjugation of SUMO-1 to RanGAP1 and RanBP2. Curr. Biol. 8, 121-124.
75. Schlenstedt, G., Wong, D.H., Koepp, D.M., and Silver, P.A. (1995). Mutants in yeast Ran binding protein are defective in nuclear transport. EMBO J. 14, 5367-5378.
76. 1) with remote similarity to the Ras-related GTPase. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 28982-28988.
77. Seino, H., Hisamoto, N., Uzawa, S., Sekiguchi, T., and Nishimoto, T. (1992). DNA-binding domain of RCC1 protein is not essential for coupling mitosis with DNA replication. J. Cell Sci. 102, 393-400.
78. Stewart, M., Kent, H.M., and McCoy, A.J. (1998). Structural basis for molecular recognition between nuclear transport factor (NTF2) and the GDP-bound form of the Ras-family GTPase Ran. J. Mol. Biol. 277, 635-646.
79. Tournebize, R., Heald, R., and Hyman, A. (1997). Role of chromosomes in assembly of meiotic and mitotic spindles. Progr. Cell Cycle Res. 3, 271-284.
80. Toyoshima, F., Moriguchi, T., Wada, A., Fukuda, M., and Nishida, F. (1998). Nuclear export of cyclin B1 and its possible role in the DNA damage-induced G2 checkpoint. EMBO J. 17, 2728-2735.
81. Traglia, H.M., O'Connor, J.P., Tung, K-S., Dallabrida, S., Shen, W.-C., and Hopper, A.K. (1996). Nuclear-associated pools of Rna1p, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Ran/TC4 GTPase activating protein involved in nucleus/cytosol transit. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 7667-7672.
82. Uchida, S., Sekiguchi, T., Nishitani, H., Miyauchi, K., Ohtsubo, M., and Nishimoto, T. (1990). Premature chromosome condensation is induced by a point mutation in the hamster RCC1 gene. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10, 577-584.
83. Vetter, I.R., Nowak, C., Nishimoto, T., Kuhlman, J., and Wittinghofer, A. (1999). Structure of a Ran-binding domain complexed with Ran bound to a GTP analogue: implications for nuclear transport. Nature 398, 39-46.
84. Weis, K. (1998). Importins and exportins: how to get in and out of the nucleus. Trends Biochem. Sci. 23, 185-189.
85. Welch, K., Franke, J., Kohler, M., and Macara, I.G. (1999). RanBP3 contains an unusual nuclear localization signal that is imported preferentially by importin α3. Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 8400-8411.
86. Wilde, A., and Zheng, Y. (1999). Stimulation of microtubule aster formation and spindle assembly by the small GTPase Ran. Science 284, 1359-1362.
87. Wozniak, R.W., Rout, M.P., and Aitchison, J.D. (1998). Karyopherins and kissing cousins. Trends Cell Biol. 8, 184-188.
88. Wu, J., Matunis, M.J., Kraemer, D., Blobel, G., and Coutavas, E. (1995). Nup358, a cytoplasmically exposed nucleoporin with peptide repeats, Ran-GTP binding sites, zinc fingers, a cyclophilin A homologous domain, and a leucine-rich region. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 14209-14213.
89. Yang, J., Bardes, E.S.G., Moore, J.D., Brennan, J., Powers, M.A., and Kornbluth, S. (1998). Control of cyclin B1 localization through regulated binding of the nuclear export factor CRM1. Genes Dev. 12, 2131-2143.
90. Yano, R., Oakes, M.L., Tabb, M.M., and Nomura, M. (1994). Yeast Srplp has homology to armadillo/plakoglobin/beta-catenin and participates in apparently multiple nuclear functions including the maintenance of the nucleolar structure. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91, 6880-6884.
91. Yaseen, N.R., and Blobel, G. (1999). GTP hydrolysis links initiation and termination of nuclear import on the nucleoporin NUP358. J. Cell Biol. 274, 26493-26502.
92. Yokoyama, N., Hayashi, N., Seki, T., Pante, N., Ohba, T., Nishii, K., Kuma, K., Hayashida, T., Miyata, T., Aebi, U., Fukui, M., and Nishimoto, T. (1995). A giant nucleopore protein that binds Ran/TC4. Nature 376, 184-188.
93. Yu, Y-T., Scharl, E.C., Smith, C.M., and Steitz, J.A. (1999). The growing world of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins. In: The RNA world, second edition, R.F. Gesteland, T.R. Cech, and J.F. Atkins, eds. (Cold Spring Harbor, NY, USA: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press), pp. 487-524.