메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 296, Issue 1, 1999, Pages 57-66

T-box genes and the formation of vertebrate forelimb- and hindlimb specific pattern

Author keywords

Limb development; Limb identity; Limb regeneration; T box genes; Tbx2; Tbx3; Tbx4; Tbx5

Indexed keywords

TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR;

EID: 0032960272     PISSN: 0302766X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s004410051266     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (30)

References (71)
  • 1
    • 0028942173 scopus 로고
    • Conservation of the T-box gene family from mus musculus to Caenorhabditis elegans
    • Agulnik SI, Bollag RJ, Silver LM (1995) Conservation of the T-box gene family from Mus musculus to Caenorhabditis elegans. Genomics 25:214-219
    • (1995) Genomics , vol.25 , pp. 214-219
    • Agulnik, S.I.1    Bollag, R.J.2    Silver, L.M.3
  • 3
    • 0031200901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three novel T-box genes in Caenorhabditis elegans
    • Agulnik SI, Ruvinsky I, Silver LM (1997) Three novel T-box genes in Caenorhabditis elegans. Genome 40:458-464
    • (1997) Genome , vol.40 , pp. 458-464
    • Agulnik, S.I.1    Ruvinsky, I.2    Silver, L.M.3
  • 8
    • 0028241951 scopus 로고
    • An ancient family of embryonically expressed mouse genes sharing a conserved protein motif with the T locus
    • Bollag R, Siegfried Z, Cebra-Thomas JA, Garvey N, Davison EM, Silver LM (1994) An ancient family of embryonically expressed mouse genes sharing a conserved protein motif with the T locus. Nature Genet 7:383-389
    • (1994) Nature Genet , vol.7 , pp. 383-389
    • Bollag, R.1    Siegfried, Z.2    Cebra-Thomas, J.A.3    Garvey, N.4    Davison, E.M.5    Silver, L.M.6
  • 9
    • 0030939391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amphibian limb regeneration: Rebuilding a complex structure
    • Brockes JP (1997) Amphibian limb regeneration: rebuilding a complex structure. Science 276:81-87
    • (1997) Science , vol.276 , pp. 81-87
    • Brockes, J.P.1
  • 10
    • 0029100025 scopus 로고
    • Cloning and mapping of a human gene (TBX2) sharing a highly conserved protein motif with the Drosophila omb gene
    • Campbell C, Goodrich K, Casey G, Beatty B (1995) Cloning and mapping of a human gene (TBX2) sharing a highly conserved protein motif with the Drosophila omb gene. Genomics 28:255-260
    • (1995) Genomics , vol.28 , pp. 255-260
    • Campbell, C.1    Goodrich, K.2    Casey, G.3    Beatty, B.4
  • 12
    • 0028946304 scopus 로고
    • Fibroblast growth factors induce additional limb development from the flank of chick embryos
    • Cohn MJ, Izpisua-Belmonte JC, Abud H, Heath JK, Tickle C (1995) Fibroblast growth factors induce additional limb development from the flank of chick embryos. Cell 80:739-746
    • (1995) Cell , vol.80 , pp. 739-746
    • Cohn, M.J.1    Izpisua-Belmonte, J.C.2    Abud, H.3    Heath, J.K.4    Tickle, C.5
  • 14
    • 0030034731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Roles for FGF8 in the induction, initiation and maintenance of chick limb development
    • Crossley PH, Minowada G, MacArthur CA, Martin GA (1996) Roles for FGF8 in the induction, initiation and maintenance of chick limb development. Cell 84:127-136
    • (1996) Cell , vol.84 , pp. 127-136
    • Crossley, P.H.1    Minowada, G.2    MacArthur, C.A.3    Martin, G.A.4
  • 15
    • 0027358721 scopus 로고
    • Disruption of the Hoxd-13 gene induces localized heterochrony leading to mice with neotenic limbs
    • Dolle P, Dietrich A, LeMeur M, Schimmang T, Schuhbaur B, Chambon P, Duboule D (1993) Disruption of the Hoxd-13 gene induces localized heterochrony leading to mice with neotenic limbs. Cell 75:431-441
    • (1993) Cell , vol.75 , pp. 431-441
    • Dolle, P.1    Dietrich, A.2    LeMeur, M.3    Schimmang, T.4    Schuhbaur, B.5    Chambon, P.6    Duboule, D.7
  • 16
    • 0029977495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of a role for T-box genes in the evolution of limb morphogenesis and the specification of forelimb/hindlimb identity
    • Gibson-Brown JJ, Agulnik SI, Champman DL, Alexiou M, Garvey N, Silver LM, Papaioannou VE (1996) Evidence of a role for T-box genes in the evolution of limb morphogenesis and the specification of forelimb/hindlimb identity. Mech Dev 56:93-101
    • (1996) Mech Dev , vol.56 , pp. 93-101
    • Gibson-Brown, J.J.1    Agulnik, S.I.2    Champman, D.L.3    Alexiou, M.4    Garvey, N.5    Silver, L.M.6    Papaioannou, V.E.7
  • 18
    • 0031043604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of Hoxd-13 and Hoxd-11 misexpression in chick limb buds reveals that Hox genes affect both bone condensation and growth
    • Goff DJ, Tabin CJ (1997) Analysis of Hoxd-13 and Hoxd-11 misexpression in chick limb buds reveals that Hox genes affect both bone condensation and growth. Development 124:627-636
    • (1997) Development , vol.124 , pp. 627-636
    • Goff, D.J.1    Tabin, C.J.2
  • 19
    • 0027423420 scopus 로고
    • Induction of muscle pioneers and floor plate is distinguished by the zebrafish no tail mutation
    • Halpern ME, Ho RK, Walker C, Kimmel C (1993) Induction of muscle pioneers and floor plate is distinguished by the zebrafish no tail mutation. Cell 75:99-111
    • (1993) Cell , vol.75 , pp. 99-111
    • Halpern, M.E.1    Ho, R.K.2    Walker, C.3    Kimmel, C.4
  • 20
    • 84924926133 scopus 로고
    • A series of normal stages in the development of the chick embryo
    • Hamburger V, Hamilton HL (1951) A series of normal stages in the development of the chick embryo. J Morphol 88:49-92
    • (1951) J Morphol , vol.88 , pp. 49-92
    • Hamburger, V.1    Hamilton, H.L.2
  • 21
    • 0025062325 scopus 로고
    • Cloning of the T gene required in mesoderm formation in the mouse
    • Herrmann BG, Labeit S, Poustka A, King TR, Lehrach H (1990) Cloning of the T gene required in mesoderm formation in the mouse. Nature 343:617-622
    • (1990) Nature , vol.343 , pp. 617-622
    • Herrmann, B.G.1    Labeit, S.2    Poustka, A.3    King, T.R.4    Lehrach, H.5
  • 22
  • 25
    • 0030968579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular models for vertebrate limb development
    • Johnson RJ, Tabin CT (1997) Molecular models for vertebrate limb development. Cell 90:979-990
    • (1997) Cell , vol.90 , pp. 979-990
    • Johnson, R.J.1    Tabin, C.T.2
  • 26
    • 0025004284 scopus 로고
    • Murine development control genes
    • Kessel M, Gruss P (1990) Murine development control genes. Science 249:347-379
    • (1990) Science , vol.249 , pp. 347-379
    • Kessel, M.1    Gruss, P.2
  • 27
    • 0013520768 scopus 로고
    • Etude du mécanisme de la régulation dans le développement du bourgeon de membre de l'embryon de poulet II. Régulation des déficiences dans les chimères 'aile-patte' et 'patte-aile'
    • Kieny M (1964) Etude du mécanisme de la régulation dans le développement du bourgeon de membre de l'embryon de poulet II. Régulation des déficiences dans les chimères 'aile-patte' et 'patte-aile'. J Embryol Exp Morph 12:357-371
    • (1964) J Embryol Exp Morph , vol.12 , pp. 357-371
    • Kieny, M.1
  • 28
    • 0000325137 scopus 로고
    • The Brachyury protein: A T-domain transcription factor
    • Kispert A (1995) The Brachyury protein: a T-domain transcription factor. Semin Dev Biol 6:395-403
    • (1995) Semin Dev Biol , vol.6 , pp. 395-403
    • Kispert, A.1
  • 29
    • 0027282961 scopus 로고
    • The Brachyury gene encodes a novel DNA binding protein
    • Kispert A, Herrmann BG (1993) The Brachyury gene encodes a novel DNA binding protein. EMBO J 12:3211-3220
    • (1993) EMBO J , vol.12 , pp. 3211-3220
    • Kispert, A.1    Herrmann, B.G.2
  • 30
    • 0029165111 scopus 로고
    • The T-protein encoded by Brachyury is a tissue-specific transcription factor
    • Kispert A, Koschorz B, Herrmann BG (1995) The T-protein encoded by Brachyury is a tissue-specific transcription factor. EMBO J 14:4763-4772
    • (1995) EMBO J , vol.14 , pp. 4763-4772
    • Kispert, A.1    Koschorz, B.2    Herrmann, B.G.3
  • 31
    • 0029939460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ptx1, a bicoid-related homeo box transcription factor involved in transcription of the pro-opiomelanocortin gene
    • Lamonerie T, Tremblay JJ, Lanctot C, Therrien M, Gauthier Y, Drouin JJ (1996) Ptx1, a bicoid-related homeo box transcription factor involved in transcription of the pro-opiomelanocortin gene. Genes Dev 10:1284-1295
    • (1996) Genes Dev , vol.10 , pp. 1284-1295
    • Lamonerie, T.1    Tremblay, J.J.2    Lanctot, C.3    Therrien, M.4    Gauthier, Y.5    Drouin, J.J.6
  • 32
    • 0029400966 scopus 로고
    • Identification, characterization and localization to chromosome 17q21-22 of the human TBX2 homolog, member of a conserved developmental gene family
    • Law DJ, Gebuhr T, Garvey N, Agulnik SI, Silver LM (1995) Identification, characterization and localization to chromosome 17q21-22 of the human TBX2 homolog, member of a conserved developmental gene family. Mamm Genome 6:793-797
    • (1995) Mamm Genome , vol.6 , pp. 793-797
    • Law, D.J.1    Gebuhr, T.2    Garvey, N.3    Agulnik, S.I.4    Silver, L.M.5
  • 33
    • 0032523882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of gene expression by TBP-associated proteins
    • Lee TI, Young RA (1998) Regulation of gene expression by TBP-associated proteins. Genes Dev 12:1398-1408
    • (1998) Genes Dev , vol.12 , pp. 1398-1408
    • Lee, T.I.1    Young, R.A.2
  • 35
    • 0031707028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential regulation of T-box and homeobox transcription factors suggests roles in controlling chick limb-type identity
    • Logan M, Simon H-G, Tabin C (1998) Differential regulation of T-box and homeobox transcription factors suggests roles in controlling chick limb-type identity. Development 125:2825-2835
    • (1998) Development , vol.125 , pp. 2825-2835
    • Logan, M.1    Simon, H.-G.2    Tabin, C.3
  • 36
    • 0039706410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crystallographic structure of the T domain-DNA complex of the Brachyury transcription factor
    • Müller CW, Herrmann BG (1997) Crystallographic structure of the T domain-DNA complex of the Brachyury transcription factor. Nature 389:884-888
    • (1997) Nature , vol.389 , pp. 884-888
    • Müller, C.W.1    Herrmann, B.G.2
  • 40
    • 0031985341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation of wing-leg identity in ectopic FGF-induced chimeric limbs with the differential expression of chick Tbx5 and Tbx4
    • Ohuchi H, Takeuchi J, Yoshioka H, Ishimaru Y, Ogura K, Takahashi N, Ogura T, Noji S (1998) Correlation of wing-leg identity in ectopic FGF-induced chimeric limbs with the differential expression of chick Tbx5 and Tbx4. Development 125:51-60
    • (1998) Development , vol.125 , pp. 51-60
    • Ohuchi, H.1    Takeuchi, J.2    Yoshioka, H.3    Ishimaru, Y.4    Ogura, K.5    Takahashi, N.6    Ogura, T.7    Noji, S.8
  • 43
    • 0028859990 scopus 로고
    • Genetic interaction between hoxb-5 and hoxb-6 is revealed by nonallelic noncomplementation
    • Rancourt DE, Tsuzuki T, Capecchi MR (1995) Genetic interaction between hoxb-5 and hoxb-6 is revealed by nonallelic noncomplementation. Genes Dev 9:108-122
    • (1995) Genes Dev , vol.9 , pp. 108-122
    • Rancourt, D.E.1    Tsuzuki, T.2    Capecchi, M.R.3
  • 44
    • 0031104878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Newly identified paralog groups on mouse chromosome 5 and 11 revealed the age of a T-box cluster duplication
    • Ruvinsky I, Silver LM (1997) Newly identified paralog groups on mouse chromosome 5 and 11 revealed the age of a T-box cluster duplication. Genomics 40:262-266
    • (1997) Genomics , vol.40 , pp. 262-266
    • Ruvinsky, I.1    Silver, L.M.2
  • 45
    • 0029063231 scopus 로고
    • Differential regulation of HoxC6 in the appendages of adult urodeles and anurans
    • Savard P, Tremblay M (1995) Differential regulation of HoxC6 in the appendages of adult urodeles and anurans. J Mol Biol 149:879-889
    • (1995) J Mol Biol , vol.149 , pp. 879-889
    • Savard, P.1    Tremblay, M.2
  • 46
    • 0024293519 scopus 로고
    • Position dependent expression of a homeobox gene transcript in relation to amphibian limb regeneration
    • Savard P, Gates PB, Brockes JP (1988) Position dependent expression of a homeobox gene transcript in relation to amphibian limb regeneration. EMBO J 7:4275-4282
    • (1988) EMBO J , vol.7 , pp. 4275-4282
    • Savard, P.1    Gates, P.B.2    Brockes, J.P.3
  • 47
    • 0014006159 scopus 로고
    • Death in embryonic systems
    • Saunders J Jr (1966) Death in embryonic systems. Science 154:604-612
    • (1966) Science , vol.154 , pp. 604-612
    • Saunders J., Jr.1
  • 48
    • 0001282283 scopus 로고
    • The differentiation of prospective thigh mesoderm beneath the apical ectodermal ridge of the wing bud in the chick embryo
    • Saunders JW Jr, Gasseling MT, Cairns JM (1959) The differentiation of prospective thigh mesoderm beneath the apical ectodermal ridge of the wing bud in the chick embryo. Dev Biol 1:281-301
    • (1959) Dev Biol , vol.1 , pp. 281-301
    • Saunders J.W., Jr.1    Gasseling, M.T.2    Cairns, J.M.3
  • 49
    • 0023639459 scopus 로고
    • The ulnar-mammary syndrome: An autosomal dominant pleiotropic gene
    • Schinzel A, Illig R, Prader A (1987) The ulnar-mammary syndrome: an autosomal dominant pleiotropic gene. Clin Genet 32:160-168
    • (1987) Clin Genet , vol.32 , pp. 160-168
    • Schinzel, A.1    Illig, R.2    Prader, A.3
  • 50
    • 0027395830 scopus 로고
    • The antennapedia-type homeobox genes have evolved from three precursors separated early in metazoan evolution
    • Schubert FRK, Nieselt-Struwe K, Gruss P (1993) The antennapedia-type homeobox genes have evolved from three precursors separated early in metazoan evolution. Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 90:143-147
    • (1993) Proc Nat Acad Sci USA , vol.90 , pp. 143-147
    • Schubert, F.R.K.1    Nieselt-Struwe, K.2    Gruss, P.3
  • 51
    • 0027077930 scopus 로고
    • The protein product of the zebrafish homologue of the mouse T gene is expressed in nuclei of the germ ring and the notochord of the early embryo
    • Schulte-Merker S, Ho RK, Herrmann BG, Nüsslein-Volhard C (1992) The protein product of the zebrafish homologue of the mouse T gene is expressed in nuclei of the germ ring and the notochord of the early embryo. Development 116:1021-1032
    • (1992) Development , vol.116 , pp. 1021-1032
    • Schulte-Merker, S.1    Ho, R.K.2    Herrmann, B.G.3    Nüsslein-Volhard, C.4
  • 53
    • 0031568881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Backfoot, a novel homeobox gene, maps to human chromosome 5 (BFT) and mouse chromosome 12 (Bft)
    • Shang J, Li X, Ring HZ, Clayton DA, Franke U (1997) Backfoot, a novel homeobox gene, maps to human chromosome 5 (BFT) and mouse chromosome 12 (Bft). Genomics 40:108-113
    • (1997) Genomics , vol.40 , pp. 108-113
    • Shang, J.1    Li, X.2    Ring, H.Z.3    Clayton, D.A.4    Franke, U.5
  • 54
    • 0030878664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fossils, genes and the evolution of animal limbs
    • Shubin N, Tabin C, Carroll S (1997) Fossils, genes and the evolution of animal limbs. Nature 388:639-648
    • (1997) Nature , vol.388 , pp. 639-648
    • Shubin, N.1    Tabin, C.2    Carroll, S.3
  • 55
    • 0030008877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advanced mRNA differential display: Isolation of a new differentially regulated myosin heavy chain-encoding gene in amphibian limb regeneration
    • Simon H-G, Oppenheimer S (1996) Advanced mRNA differential display: isolation of a new differentially regulated myosin heavy chain-encoding gene in amphibian limb regeneration. Gene 172:175-181
    • (1996) Gene , vol.172 , pp. 175-181
    • Simon, H.-G.1    Oppenheimer, S.2
  • 56
    • 0027210634 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of Hox 4.5 and Hox 3.6 expression during newt limb regeneration: Differential regulation of paralogous Hox genes suggests different roles for members of different Hox clusters
    • Simon H-G, Tabin CJ (1993) Analysis of Hox 4.5 and Hox 3.6 expression during newt limb regeneration: differential regulation of paralogous Hox genes suggests different roles for members of different Hox clusters. Development 117:1397-1407
    • (1993) Development , vol.117 , pp. 1397-1407
    • Simon, H.-G.1    Tabin, C.J.2
  • 57
    • 0030938484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel family of T-box genes in urodele amphibian limb development and regeneration: Candidate genes involved in vertebrate forelimb/hindlimb patterning
    • Simon H-G, Kittappa R, Khan PA, Tsilfidis C, Liversage RA, Oppenheimer S (1997) A novel family of T-box genes in urodele amphibian limb development and regeneration: candidate genes involved in vertebrate forelimb/hindlimb patterning. Development 124:1355-1366
    • (1997) Development , vol.124 , pp. 1355-1366
    • Simon, H.-G.1    Kittappa, R.2    Khan, P.A.3    Tsilfidis, C.4    Liversage, R.A.5    Oppenheimer, S.6
  • 58
    • 0025942785 scopus 로고
    • Expression of a Xenopus homolog of Brachyury (T) is an immediate-early response to mesoderm induction
    • Smith JC, Price BMJ, Green JBA, Weigel D, Herrmann BG (1991) Expression of a Xenopus homolog of Brachyury (T) is an immediate-early response to mesoderm induction. Cell 67:79-87
    • (1991) Cell , vol.67 , pp. 79-87
    • Smith, J.C.1    Price, B.M.J.2    Green, J.B.A.3    Weigel, D.4    Herrmann, B.G.5
  • 61
    • 0031061688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective roles for TATA-binding-protein-associated factors in vivo
    • Struhl K (1997) Selective roles for TATA-binding-protein-associated factors in vivo. Genes Funct 1:5-9
    • (1997) Genes Funct , vol.1 , pp. 5-9
    • Struhl, K.1
  • 62
    • 0029821237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P-OTX: A PIT-1-interacting homeodomain factor expressed during anterior pituitary gland development
    • Szeto DP, Ryan AK, O'Connell SM, Rosenfeld MG (1996) P-OTX: A PIT-1-interacting homeodomain factor expressed during anterior pituitary gland development. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:7706-7710
    • (1996) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.93 , pp. 7706-7710
    • Szeto, D.P.1    Ryan, A.K.2    O'Connell, S.M.3    Rosenfeld, M.G.4
  • 63
    • 0029100040 scopus 로고
    • Vertebrate limb development
    • Tickle C (1995) Vertebrate limb development. Curr Opin Gen Dev 5:478-484
    • (1995) Curr Opin Gen Dev , vol.5 , pp. 478-484
    • Tickle, C.1
  • 65
    • 0029944234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Involvement of FGF8 in initiation, outgrowth and patterning of the vertebrate limb
    • Vogel A, Rodriguez C, Izpisua-Belmonte J (1996) Involvement of FGF8 in initiation, outgrowth and patterning of the vertebrate limb. Development 122:1737-1750
    • (1996) Development , vol.122 , pp. 1737-1750
    • Vogel, A.1    Rodriguez, C.2    Izpisua-Belmonte, J.3
  • 66
    • 0031889965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A combined analysis of genomic and primary protein structure defines the phylogenetic relationship of new members of the T-box family
    • Wattler S, Russ A, Evans M, Nehls M (1998) A combined analysis of genomic and primary protein structure defines the phylogenetic relationship of new members of the T-box family. Genomics 48:24-33
    • (1998) Genomics , vol.48 , pp. 24-33
    • Wattler, S.1    Russ, A.2    Evans, M.3    Nehls, M.4
  • 67
    • 0027166936 scopus 로고
    • Chimeric analysis of T (Brachyury) gene function
    • Wilson V, Rashbash P, Beddington RS (1993) Chimeric analysis of T (Brachyury) gene function. Development 117:1321-1331
    • (1993) Development , vol.117 , pp. 1321-1331
    • Wilson, V.1    Rashbash, P.2    Beddington, R.S.3
  • 68
    • 0031885801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2)-mediated reciprocal regulation loop between FGF8 and FGF10 is essential for limb induction
    • Xu X, Weinstein M, Li C, Naski M, Cohen RI, Ornitz DI, Leder P, Deng C (1998) Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2)-mediated reciprocal regulation loop between FGF8 and FGF10 is essential for limb induction. Development 125:753-765
    • (1998) Development , vol.125 , pp. 753-765
    • Xu, X.1    Weinstein, M.2    Li, C.3    Naski, M.4    Cohen, R.I.5    Ornitz, D.I.6    Leder, P.7    Deng, C.8
  • 69
    • 0028973404 scopus 로고
    • Misexpression of Hoxa-13 induces cartilage homeotic transformation and changes cell adhesiveness in chick limb buds
    • Yokouchi Y, Nakazato S, Yamamoto M, Goto Y, Kameda T, Iba H, Kuroiwa A (1995) Misexpression of Hoxa-13 induces cartilage homeotic transformation and changes cell adhesiveness in chick limb buds. Genes Dev 9:2509-2522
    • (1995) Genes Dev , vol.9 , pp. 2509-2522
    • Yokouchi, Y.1    Nakazato, S.2    Yamamoto, M.3    Goto, Y.4    Kameda, T.5    Iba, H.6    Kuroiwa, A.7
  • 70
    • 0000452901 scopus 로고
    • Ectoderm-mesoderm relationship in the development of the chick embryo limb bud
    • Zwilling E (1956a) Ectoderm-mesoderm relationship in the development of the chick embryo limb bud. J Exp Zool 128:423-441
    • (1956) J Exp Zool , vol.128 , pp. 423-441
    • Zwilling, E.1
  • 71
    • 84981840949 scopus 로고
    • Interaction between limb bud ectoderm and mesoderm in the chick embryo i. Axis establishment
    • Zwilling E (1956b) Interaction between limb bud ectoderm and mesoderm in the chick embryo i. axis establishment. J Exp Zool 132:157-171
    • (1956) J Exp Zool , vol.132 , pp. 157-171
    • Zwilling, E.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.