Proteases, proteolysis, and apoptosis

Cell Biology and Toxicology

Volumn 14, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 121-132

  Solary, E ^a   Eymin, B ^a   Droin, N ^a   Haugg, M ^a  

^a INSERM   (France)

Author keywords

Apoptosis; Protease; Proteolysis

Indexed keywords

CALPAIN; CYSTEINE PROTEINASE; CYTOCHROME C; DNA FRAGMENT; FAS ANTIGEN; GRANZYME A; GRANZYME B; GUANOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASE; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA CONVERTING ENZYME; MESSENGER RNA; PROTEASOME; PROTEIN KINASE; PROTEINASE; SERINE PROTEINASE; TETRAPEPTIDE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR RECEPTOR; UBIQUITIN;

APOPTOSIS; CONFERENCE PAPER; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN DEGRADATION;

ANIMALS; APOPTOSIS; CALPAIN; CYSTEINE ENDOPEPTIDASES; CYTOPLASM; ENDOPEPTIDASES; HUMANS; MICE; PROTEINS; SERINE ENDOPEPTIDASES; UBIQUITINS;

EID: 0031914287     PISSN: 07422091     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1007481921502     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (104)

1. Alnemri ES, Fernandes-Alnemri R, Litwack G. Cloning and expression of four novel isoforms of human interleukin-1β converting enzyme with different apoptotic activities. J Biol Chem. 1995;270:4312-7.
2. Alnemri ES, Livingston DJ, Nicholson DW et al. Human ICE/CED-3 protease nomenclature. Cell. 1996;87:171.
3. An B, Dou QP. Cleavage of retinoblastoma protein during apoptosis: an interleukin-1β-converting enzyme protease as candidate. Cancer Res. 1996;56:438-42.
4. Beyaert R, Kidd VJ, Cornelis S et al. Cleavage of PITSLRE kinases by ICE/CASP-1 and CPP32/CASP-3 during apoptosis induced by tumor necrosis factor. J Biol Chem. 1997;272:11694-7.
5. Black RA, Kronheim SR, Sleath PR. Activation of interleukin-1 beta by a co-induced protease. FEBS Lett. 1989;247:386-90.
6. Boldin MP, Goncharov TM, Goltsev YV, Wallach D. Involvement of MACH, a novel MORT1 /FADD-interacting protease, in Fas/APO-1- and TNF receptor-induced cell death. Cell. 1996;85:803-15.
7. Brancolini C, Benedetti M, Schneider C. Microfilament reorganization during apoptosis: the role of Gas2, a possible substrate of ICE-like proteases. EMBO J. 1995;14:5179-90.
8. Browne SJ, Williams AC, Hague A, Butt AJ, Paraskeva C. Loss of APC protein expressed by human colonic epithelial cells and the appearance of a specific low-molecular-weight form is associated with apoptosis in vitro. Int J Cancer. 1994;59:56-64.
9. Casciola-Rosen LA, Miller DK, Anhalt GJ, Rosen A. Specific cleavage of the 70-KDa protein component of the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein is a characteristic biochemical feature of apoptotic cell death. J Biol Chem. 1994;269: 30757-60.
10. Casciola-Rosen LA, Anhalt GJ, Rosen A. DNA-dependent protein kinase is one of a subset of autoantigens specifically cleaved early during apoptosis. J Exp Med. 1995;182:1625-34.
11. Chapman RS, Whetton AD, Dive C. The suppression of drug-induced apoptosis by activation of v-ab1 protein tyrosine kinase. Cancer Res. 1994;54:5131-7.
12. Chinnaiyan AM, O'Rourke K, Tewari M, Dixit VM. FADD, a novel death domain-containing protein, interacts with the death domain of Fas and initiates apoptosis. Cell. 1995;81:505-512.
13. Chinnaiyan AM, Hanna WL, Orth K et al. Cytotoxic T cell-derived granzyme B activates the apoptotic protease ICE-LAP3. Curr Biol. 1996;6:897-9.
14. Chinnaiyan AM, O'Rourke K, Lane BR, Dixit VM. Interaction of CED-4 with CED-3 and CED-9: a molecular framework for cell death. Science. 1997;275:1122-9.
15. Darmon AJ, Ehrman N, Caputo A, Fujinaga J, Bleackley RC. The cytotoxic T cell proteinase granzyme B does not activate interleukin-1β-converting enzyme. J Biol Chem. 1994;269:32043-6.
16. Darmon AJ, Nicholson DW, Bleackley RC. Activation of the apoptotic protease CPP32 by cytotoxic T-cell-derived granzyme B. Nature. 1995;377:446-8.
17. Declic J, Morange M, Magdelenat H. Ubiquitin pathway involvement in human lymphocyte gamma-irradiation-induced apoptosis. Mol Cell Biol. 1993;13:4875-83.
18. Duan H, Dixit VM. RAIDD is a new death adaptor molecule. Nature. 1997;385:86-9.
19. Dubrez L, Savoy I, Hamman A, Solary E. Pivotal role of a DEVD-sensitive step in etoposide-induced and Fas-mediated apoptotic pathways. EMBO J. 1996;15:5504-12.
20. Emoto Y, Manome Y, Meinhardt G et al. Proteolytic activation of protein kinase Cδ by an ICE-like protease in apoptotic cells. EMBO J. 1995;14:6148-56.
21. Kip1. [Submitted].
22. Faucheu C, Diu A, Chan AWE et al. A novel human protease similar to the interleukin-1β converting enzyme induces apoptosis in transfected cells. EMBO J. 1995;14:1914-22.
23. Fearnhead H, Rivett A, Dinsdale D, Cohen G. A pre-existing protease is a common effector of thymocyte apoptosis mediated cytotoxicity. FEBS Lett. 1995;357:242-6.
24. Fernandes-Alnemri T, Takahashi A, Armstrong R et al. Mch3, a novel human apoptotic cysteine protease highly related to CPP32. Cancer Res. 1995;55:6045-52.
25. Fernandes-Alnemri T, Armstrong RC, Krebs J et al. In vitro activation of CPP32 and Mch3 by Mch4, a novel human apoptotic cysteine protease containing two FADD-like domains. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1996;93:74049.
26. Garrido C, Ottavi P, Fromentin A et al. HSP27 as a mediator of confluence-dependent resistance to cell death induced by anticancer drugs. Cancer Res. 1997;57:2661-7.
27. Giegel DA. ICE processing and kinetic mechanism. J Cell Biochem. 1997;64:11-18.
28. Goldberg YP, Nicholson DW, Rasper DM et al. Cleavage of huntingtin by apopain, a proapoptotic cysteine protease, is modulated by the polyglutamine tract. Nature Genet. 1996;13:442-9.
29. Goldstein P. Controlling cell death. Science. 1997;275:1081-2.
30. Greidinger EL, Miller DK, Yamin TT, Casciola-Rosen L, Rosen A. Sequential activation of three distinct ICE-like activities in Fas-ligated Jurkat cells. FEBS Lett. 1996;390: 299-303.
31. Grimm LM, Goldberg AL, Poirier GG, Schwartz LM, Osborne BA. Proteasomes play an essential role in thymocyte apoptosis. EMBO J. 1996;15:3835-44.
32. Gu Y, Wu J, Faucheu C et al.. Interleukin-1β converting enzyme requires oligomerization for activity of processed forms in vivo. EMBO J. 1995;14:1923-31.
33. Gu Y, Kuida K, Tsutsui H et al. Activation of interferon-γ inducing factor mediated by interleukin-1β converting enzyme. Science. 1997;275:206-9.
34. Hébert L, Pandey S, Wang E. Commitment to cell death is signaled by the appearance of a terminin protein of 30 KDa. Exp Cell Res. 1994;210:10-8.
35. Heusel JW, Wesselschmidt RL, Shresta S, Russel JH, Ley TJ. Cytotoxic lymphocytes require granzyme B for the rapid induction of DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in allogeneic target cells. Cell. 1994;76:977-87.
36. Hochstrasser M. Ubiquitin, proteasomes, and the regulation of intracellular protein degradation. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 1995;7:215-23.
37. Houenou LJ, Turner PL, Li L, Oppenheim RW, Festoff BW. A serine protease inhibitor, protease nexin I, rescues motoneurons from naturally occuring and axonomy-induced cell death. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1995;92:895-9.
38. Imajoh-Ohmi S, Kawaguchi T, Sugiyama S, Tanaka K, Omura S, Kikuchi H. Lactacystin, a specific inhibitor of the proteasome induces apoptosis in human monoblast U937 cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995;217:1070-7.
39. Irmler M, Hertig S, MacDonald R et al. Granzyme A is an interleukin-1β-converting enzyme. J Exp Med. 1995;181: 1917-22.
40. Jensen PH, Cressey LI, Gjertson BT et al. Cleaved intracellular plasminogen activator inhibitor 2 in human myeloleukaemia cells is a marker of apoptosis. Br J Cancer. 1994;70: 834-40.
41. Jones ME, Haire MF, Kloetzel PM, Mykles DL, Schwartz LM. Changes in the structure and function of the multicatalytic proteinase (proteasome) during programmed cell death in the intersegmental muscles of the hawkmoth, Manduca sexta. Dev Biol. 1995;169:436-47.
42. Kaufmann SH. Induction of an endonucleolytic DNA cleavage in human acute myelogenous leukemia cells by etoposide, camptothecin, and other cytotoxic anticancer drugs: a cautionary note. Cancer Res. 1989;49:5870-8.
43. Kaufmann S, Desnoyers S, Ottaviano Y, Davidson N, Poirier GG. Specific proteolytic cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase: an early marker of chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Cancer Res. 1993;53:3976-85.
44. Kayalar C, Örd T, Testa P, Zhong LT, Bredesen DE. Cleavage of actin by interleukin 1β-converting enzyme to reverse DNase I inhibition. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1996;93: 2234-8.
45. Kerr JFR, Wyllie AH, Currie AR. Apoptosis: a basic biological phenomenon with wide ranging implications in tissue kinetics. Br J Cancer. 1972;26:239-44.
46. Kikuchi H, Imajoh-Ohmi S. Activation and possible involvement of calpain, a calcium-activated cysteine protease, in down-regulation of apoptosis of human monoblast U937 cells. Cell Death Differ. 1995;2:195-9.
47. Kluck RM, Bossy-Wetzel E, Gree DR, Newmeyer DD. The release of cytochrome c from mitochondria: a primary site for Bcl-2 regulation of apoptosis. Science. 1997;275:1132-6.
48. Komiyama T, Ray CA, Pickup DJ et al. Inhibition of interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme by the cowpox virus serpin CrmA. An example of cross-class inhibition. J Biol Chem. 1994;269:19331-7.
49. Kumar S, Baglioni C. Protection from tumor necrosis factor mediated cytolysis by overexpression of plasminogen activator inhibitor type-2. J Biol Chem. 1991;266:20960-4.
50. Lathi JM, Xiang J, Heath LS, Campana D, Kidd VJ. PITSLRE protein kinase activity is associated with apoptosis. Mol Cell Biol. 1995;15:1-11.
51. Lazebnik YA, Kaufmann SH, Desnoyers S, Poirier GG, Earnshaw WC. Cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase by a proteinase with properties like ICE. Nature. 1994;371:346-8.
52. Lazebnik YA, Takahashi A, Moir RD et al. Studies of the lamin proteinase reveal multiple parallel biochemical pathways during apoptotic execution. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1995;92:9042-6.
53. Li P, Allen H, Banerjee S et al. Mice deficient in IL-1β-converting enzyme are defective in production of mature IL-1β and resistant to endotoxic shock. Cell. 1995;80:401-11.
54. Liu X, Kim CN, Yang J, Jemmerson R, Wang X. Induction of apoptotic program in cell-free extracts; requirement for ATP and cytochrome c. Cell. 1996;86:147-57.
55. Liu X, Zou H, Slaughter C, Wang X. DFF, a heterodimeric protein that functions downstream of caspase-3 to trigger DNA fragmentation during apoptosis. Cell. 1997;89:175-84.
56. Martin SJ, Amarante-Mendes GP, Shi L et al. The cytotoxic cell proteinase granzyme B initiates apoptosis in a cell-free system by proteolytic processing and activation of the ICE/CED-3 family protease, CPP32, via a novel two-step mechanism. EMBO J. 1996;15:2407-16.
57. Martin SJ, Green DR. Protease activation during apoptosis: death by a thousand cuts? Cell. 1995;82:349-52.
58. Martin SJ, O'Brien GA, Nishioka WK et al. Proteolysis of fodrin (non-erythroid spectrin) during apoptosis. J Biol Chem. 1995;270:6425-8.
59. Mashima T, Naito M, Fujita N, Noguchi K, Tsuruo T. Identification of actin as a substrate of ICE and an ICE-like protease and involvement of an ICE-like protease but not ICE in VP-16-induced U937 apoptosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995;217:1185-92.
60. McConkey DJ. Calcium-dependent, interleukin 1β-converting enzyme inhibitor-insensitive degradation of lamin B1 and DNA fragmentation in isolated thymocyte nuclei. J Biol Chem. 1996;271:22398-406.
61. Micheau O, Solary E, Hamann A, Martin F, Dimanche-Boitrel MT. Sensitization of tumor cells to Fas-mediated cytotoxicity by chemotherapeutic drugs. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1997;89:783-9.
62. Mitch WE, Goldberg AL. Mechanisms of muscle wasting. The role of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. N Engl J Med. 1996;335:1897-905.
63. Miura M, Zhu H, Rotello R, Hartwieg EA, Yuan J. Induction of apoptosis in fibroblasts by IL-1β-converting enzyme, a mammalian homolog of the C. elegans cell death gene ced-3. Cell. 1993;75:653-60.
64. Muzio M, Chinnaiyan AM, Kischkel FC et al. FLICE, a novel FADD-homologous ICE/CED-3-like protease, is recruited to the CD95 (Fas/APO-1) death-inducing signaling complex. Cell. 1996;85:817-27.
65. Na S, Chuang TH, Cunningham A et al. D4-GDI: a substrate of CPP32, is proteolyzed during Fas-induced apoptosis. J Biol Chem. 1996;271:11209-13.
66. Nagata S. Apoptosis by a death factor. Cell. 1997;88:355-65.
67. Nicholson DW, Ali A, Thornberry NA et al. Identification and inhibition of the ICE/CED-3 protease necessary for mammalian apoptosis. Nature. 1995;376:37-43.
68. Pai JT, Brown MS, Goldstein JL. Purification and cDNA cloning of a second apoptosis-related cysteine protease that cleaves and activates sterol regulatory element binding proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1996;93:5437-42.
69. Pandey S, Walker PR, Sikorska M. Separate pools of endonuclease activity are responsible for internucleosomal and high molecular mass DNA fragmentation during apoptosis. Biochem Cell Biol. 1994;72:625-9.
70. Pasternack MS, Bleier KJ, McInerney TN. Granzyme A binding to target cell proteins. Granzyme A binds to and cleaves nucleolin in vitro. J Biol Chem. 1991;266:14703-8.
71. Pines J. Ubiquitin with everything. Nature. 1994;371:742-3.
72. Poe M, Blake JT, Boulton DA et al. Human cytotoxic lymphocyte granzyme B. Its purification from granules and the characterization of substrate and inhibitor specificity. J Biol Chem. 1991;266:98-103.
73. Rouquet N, Pagès JC, Molina T, Briand P, Joulin V. ICE inhibitor YVADcmk is a potent therapeutic agent against in vivo liver apoptosis. Current Biol. 1996;6:1192-5.
74. Rudel T, Bokoch GM. Membrane and morphological changes in apoptotic cells regulated by caspase-mediated activation of PAK2. Science. 1997;276:1571-4.
75. Ruggiero V, Johnson S, Baglioni C. Protection from tumor necrosis factor cytotoxicity by protease inhibitors. Cell Immunol. 1987;107:317-25.
76. Sadoul R, Fernandez PA, Quiquerez AL et al. Involvement of the proteasome in the programmed cell death of NGF-deprived sympathetic neurons. EMBO J. 1996;15:3845-52.
77. Saido TC, Sorimachi H, Suzuki K. Calpain: new perspectives in molecular diversity and physiological-pathological involvement. FASEB J. 1994;8:814-22.
78. Sarin A, Adams DH, Henkart PA. Protease inhibitors selectively block T cell receptor-triggered programmed cell death in a murine T cell hybridoma and activated peripheral T cells. J Exp Med. 1993;178:1693-700.
79. Sarin A, Clerici M, Blatt SP, Hendrix CW, Shearer GM, Henkart PA. Inhibition of activation-induced programmed cell death and restoration of defective immune responses of HIV+ donors by cysteine protease inhibitors. J Immunol. 1994;153:862-72.
80. Sarin A, Nakajima H, Henkart PA. A protease-dependent TCR-induced death pathway in mature lymphocytes. J Immunol. 1995;154:5806-12.
81. Shi L, Kam CM, Powers JC, Aebersold R, Greenberg AH. Purification of three cytotoxic lymphocyte granule serine proteases that induce apoptosis through distinct substrate and target cell interactions. J Exp Med. 1992;176:1521-9.
82. cdc2 activation required for apoptosis. Science. 1994;263:1143-5.
83. Shi L, Mai S, Israels S, Browne K, Trapani JA, Greenberg AH. Granzyme B (GraB) autonomously crosses the cell membrane and perforin initiates apoptosis and GraB nuclear localization. J Exp Med. 1997;185:855-66.
84. Shimizu T, Pommier Y. DNA fragmentation induced by protease activation in p53-null human leukemia HL-60 cells undergoing apoptosis following treatment with the topoisomerase I inhibitor camptothecin: cell free system studies. Exp Cell Res. 1996;226:292-301.
85. Solary E, Dubrez L, Eymin B. The role of apoptosis in the pathogenesis and treatment of diseases. Eur Respir J. 1996;9:1293-305.
86. Song Q, Lees-Miller SP, Kumar S et al. DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit: a target for an ICE-like protease in apoptosis. EMBO J. 1996;15:3229-37.
87. Squier MKT, Miller ACK, Malkinson AM, Cohen JJ. Calpain activation in apoptosis. J Cell Physiol. 1994;159:229-37.
88. Stanger BZ, Leder P, Lee TH, Kim E, Seed B. RIP: a novel protein containing a death domain that interacts with Fas/APO-1 (CD95) in yeast and causes cell death. Cell. 1995;81:513-523.
89. Susin SA, Zamzami N, Castedo M et al. Bcl-2 inhibits the mitochondrial release of an apoptogenic protease. J Exp Med. 1996;184:1331-41.
90. Takahashi A, Alnemri ES, Lazebnik YA et al. Cleavage of lamin A by Mch2a but not CPP32: multiple interleukin 1β-converting enzyme-related proteases with distinct substrate recognition properties are active in apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1996;93:8395-400.
91. Tamura T, Ueda S, Michihiko Y, Matsuzaki M, Mohri H, Okubo T. Interferon-γ induces ICE gene expression and enhances cellular susceptibility to apoptosis in the U937 cell lines. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996;229:21-6.
92. Tewari M, Beidler DR, Dixit VM. CrmA-inhibitable cleavage of the 70-KDa protein component of the U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein during Fas- and tumor necrosis factor-induced apoptosis. J Biol Chem. 1995a;270:18738-41.
93. Tewari M, Quan LT, O'Rourke K et al. Yama/CPP32β, a mammalian homolog of CED-3, is a CrmA-inhibitable protease that cleaves the death substrate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. Cell. 1995b;81:801-9.
94. Thornberry NA, Bull HG, Calaycay JR et al. A novel heterodimeric cysteine protease is required for interleukin-1 beta processing in monocytes. Nature. 1992;356:768-74.
95. Walker PC, Talanian RV, Brady KD et al. Crystal structure of the cysteine protease interleukin-1β-converting enzyme: a (p20/p10)2 homodimer. Cell. 1994;78:343-52.
96. Wang X, Zelenski NG, Yang J, Sakai J, Brown MS, Goldstein JL. Cleavage of sterol regulatory element binding proteins (SREBPs) by CPP32 during apoptosis. EMBO J. 1996;15: 1012-20.
97. Wilson KP, Black JA, Thomson JA et al. Structure and mechanism of interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme. Nature. 1994;370:270-5.
98. Wright SC, Wei QS, Kinder DH. Biochemical pathways of apoptosis: nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-deficient cells are resistant to tumor necrosis factor or ultraviolet light activation of the 24-kD apoptotic protease and DNA fragmentation. J Exp Med. 1996;183:463-71.
99. Wu D, Wallen HD, Nunez G. Interaction and regulation of subcellular localization of CED-4 by CED-9. Science. 1997;275:1126-9.
100. Wyllie AH. Glucocorticoid-induced thymocyte apoptosis is associated with endogenous endonuclease activation. Nature. 1980;284:555-6.
101. Xue D, Horvitz HR. Inhibition of the Caenorhabditis elegans cell death protease CED-3 by a CED-3 cleavage site in baculovirus p35 protein. Nature. 1995;377:248-51.
102. Yang J, Liu X, Bhalla K et al. Prevention of apoptosis by Bcl-2: release of cytochrome c from mitochondria blocked. Science. 1997;275:1129-32.
103. Yuan J, Shaham S, Ledoux S, Ellis HM, Horvitz HR. The C. elegans cell death gene ced-3 encodes a protein similar to mammalian interleukin-1β-converting enzyme. Cell. 1993; 75:641-52.
104. Zhu W, Murtha PE, Young CYF. Calpain inhibitor-induced apoptosis in human prostate adenocarcinoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995;214:1130-7.