메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue 3, 2005, Pages 123-136

Quinolones: Recent structural and clinical developments

Author keywords

Antibacterial agents; Quinolones; Structure activity relationships

Indexed keywords


EID: 85113210462     PISSN: 17350328     EISSN: 17266890     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.22037/IJPR.2010.628     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (80)

References (75)
  • 1
    • 0002634316 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemistry and mechanism of action of the quinolone antibacterials
    • Andriole VT (ed), 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego
    • Gootz TD, Brighty KE. Chemistry and mechanism of action of the quinolone antibacterials. In: Andriole VT (ed.), The Quinolones. 2nd ed. Academic Press, San Diego (1998) 29-80
    • (1998) The Quinolones , pp. 29-80
    • Gootz, TD1    Brighty, KE.2
  • 2
    • 0032726667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The future of the quinolones
    • (Suppl 2)
    • Andriole VT. The future of the quinolones. Drugs (1999) 58 (Suppl 2): 1-5
    • (1999) Drugs , vol.58 , pp. 1-5
    • Andriole, VT.1
  • 3
    • 0032705719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mode of action of fluoroquinolones
    • (Suppl 2)
    • Hooper DC. Mode of action of fluoroquinolones. Drugs (1999) 58 (Suppl 2): 6-10
    • (1999) Drugs , vol.58 , pp. 6-10
    • Hooper, DC.1
  • 5
    • 0033839497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The fluoroquinolone antibacterials: Past, present and future perspectives
    • Appelbaum PC and Hunter PA. The fluoroquinolone antibacterials: Past, present and future perspectives. Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents (2000) 16: 5–15
    • (2000) Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents , vol.16 , pp. 5-15
    • Appelbaum, PC1    Hunter, PA.2
  • 6
    • 84970580977 scopus 로고
    • Some reactions of 1-methyl-4-quinolone-3- carboxylic acid, a degradation product of the alkaloids
    • Price JR. Some reactions of 1-methyl-4-quinolone-3- carboxylic acid, a degradation product of the alkaloids. Aust. J. Sci. Res. (1949) 2A: 272-281
    • (1949) Aust. J. Sci. Res , vol.2A , pp. 272-281
    • Price, JR.1
  • 8
    • 0021633432 scopus 로고
    • Norfloxacin – a review of pharmacology and tissue penetration
    • (Suppl. B)
    • Wise R. Norfloxacin – a review of pharmacology and tissue penetration. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. (1984) 13 (Suppl. B): 59–64
    • (1984) J. Antimicrob. Chemother , vol.13 , pp. 59-64
    • Wise, R.1
  • 9
    • 0001858718 scopus 로고
    • The quinolones: History and overview
    • Andriole VT (ed) Academic Press, San Diego
    • Norris S, Mandell GL. The quinolones: History and overview. In: Andriole VT (ed.) The Quinolones. Academic Press, San Diego (1988) 1- 22
    • (1988) The Quinolones , pp. 1-22
    • Norris, S1    Mandell, GL.2
  • 10
    • 0002905338 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of urinary tract infections with quinolone antimicrobial agents
    • Hooper DC, Wolfson JS (eds) 2nd ed. American Society for Microbilogy, Washington DC
    • Norrby SR. Treatment of urinary tract infections with quinolone antimicrobial agents. In: Hooper DC, Wolfson JS (eds.) Quinolone Antimicrobial Agents. 2nd ed. American Society for Microbilogy, Washington DC (1993) 273-83
    • (1993) Quinolone Antimicrobial Agents , pp. 273-283
    • Norrby, SR.1
  • 11
    • 0028316927 scopus 로고
    • Structure-activity and structure side effect relationships for the quinolone antibacterials
    • Domagala JM. Structure-activity and structure side effect relationships for the quinolone antibacterials. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. (1994) 33: 685–706
    • (1994) J. Antimicrob. Chemother , vol.33 , pp. 685-706
    • Domagala, JM.1
  • 12
    • 0038220700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure–activity– function evaluation of the fluoroquinolones
    • Adam D, Finch RG, Hunter PA (eds) Maxim Medical, Oxford
    • Tillotson GS, Blondeau JM. Structure–activity– function evaluation of the fluoroquinolones. In: Adam D, Finch RG, Hunter PA (eds.) Moxifloxacin in Practice. Maxim Medical, Oxford (1999) 91–101
    • (1999) Moxifloxacin in Practice , pp. 91-101
    • Tillotson, GS1    Blondeau, JM.2
  • 13
    • 0026590968 scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in structure activity relationships in new quinolones
    • Asahina Y, Ishizaki T and Suzue S. Recent advances in structure activity relationships in new quinolones. Prog. Drug Res. (1992) 38: 57–106
    • (1992) Prog. Drug Res , vol.38 , pp. 57-106
    • Asahina, Y1    Ishizaki, T2    Suzue, S.3
  • 14
    • 0029886964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quinolones: Structure–activity relationships and future predictions
    • Tillotson GS. Quinolones: Structure–activity relationships and future predictions. J. Med. Microbiol. (1996) 44: 320–4
    • (1996) J. Med. Microbiol , vol.44 , pp. 320-324
    • Tillotson, GS.1
  • 16
    • 0019252702 scopus 로고
    • Structure-activity relationships of antibacterial 6,7- and 7,8-disubstituted 1-alkyl-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline- 3-carboxylic acids
    • Koga H, Itoh A, Murayama S, Suzue S and Irikura T. Structure-activity relationships of antibacterial 6,7- and 7,8-disubstituted 1-alkyl-1,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinoline- 3-carboxylic acids. J. Med. Chem. (1980) 23: 1358-63
    • (1980) J. Med. Chem , vol.23 , pp. 1358-1363
    • Koga, H1    Itoh, A2    Murayama, S3    Suzue, S4    Irikura, T.5
  • 17
    • 0029951373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of electrocardiographic and cardiovascular safety data for sparfloxacin. Sparfloxacin Safety Group
    • (Suppl. A)
    • Jaillon P, Morganroth J, Brumpt I and Talbot G. Overview of electrocardiographic and cardiovascular safety data for sparfloxacin. Sparfloxacin Safety Group. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. (1996) 37 (Suppl. A): 161–7
    • (1996) J. Antimicrob. Chemother , vol.37 , pp. 161-167
    • Jaillon, P1    Morganroth, J2    Brumpt, I3    Talbot, G.4
  • 18
    • 0031446818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibacterial activity of grepafloxacin
    • (Suppl. A)
    • Wiedemann B and Heisig P. Antibacterial activity of grepafloxacin. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. (1997) 40 (Suppl. A): 19–25
    • (1997) J. Antimicrob. Chemother , vol.40 , pp. 19-25
    • Wiedemann, B1    Heisig, P.2
  • 19
    • 0034036148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gemifloxacin
    • Lowe MN and Lamb HM. Gemifloxacin. Drugs (2000) 59: 1137–47
    • (2000) Drugs , vol.59 , pp. 1137-1147
    • Lowe, MN1    Lamb, HM.2
  • 20
    • 0034046282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moxifloxacin (Avelox): An 8-methoxyquinolone antibacterial with enhanced potency
    • Ball P. Moxifloxacin (Avelox): An 8-methoxyquinolone antibacterial with enhanced potency. Int. J. Clin. Pract. (2000) 54: 329–32
    • (2000) Int. J. Clin. Pract , vol.54 , pp. 329-332
    • Ball, P.1
  • 21
    • 0030757351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The chemistry and biological profile of trovafloxacin
    • (Suppl. B)
    • Brighty KE and Gootz TD. The chemistry and biological profile of trovafloxacin. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. (1997) 39 (Suppl. B): 1–14
    • (1997) J. Antimicrob. Chemother , vol.39 , pp. 1-14
    • Brighty, KE1    Gootz, TD.2
  • 22
    • 0031753298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoroquinolone action against mycobacteria: Effects of C-8 substituents on growth, survival, and resistance
    • Dong Y, Xu C, Zhao X, Domagala J. and Drlica K. Fluoroquinolone action against mycobacteria: Effects of C-8 substituents on growth, survival, and resistance. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. (1998) 42: 2978–84
    • (1998) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother , vol.42 , pp. 2978-2984
    • Dong, Y1    Xu, C2    Zhao, X3    Domagala, J.4    Drlica, K.5
  • 23
    • 0032785619 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gatifloxacin activity against quinolone-resistant gyrase: Allele-specific enhancement of bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities by the C-8-methoxy group
    • Lu T, Zhao X and Drlica K. Gatifloxacin activity against quinolone-resistant gyrase: Allele-specific enhancement of bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities by the C-8-methoxy group. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. (1999) 43: 2969–74
    • (1999) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother , vol.43 , pp. 2969-2974
    • Lu, T1    Zhao, X2    Drlica, K.3
  • 24
    • 0030061794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studies on 6-aminoquinolones: Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of 6-amino-8-methylquinolones
    • Cecchetti V, Fravolini A, Lorenzini MC, Tabarrini O, Terni P and Xin T. Studies on 6-aminoquinolones: Synthesis and antibacterial evaluation of 6-amino-8-methylquinolones. J. Med. Chem. (1996) 39: 436–45
    • (1996) J. Med. Chem , vol.39 , pp. 436-445
    • Cecchetti, V1    Fravolini, A2    Lorenzini, MC3    Tabarrini, O4    Terni, P5    Xin, T.6
  • 25
    • 0033533871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 4H-4-oxoquinolizine derivatives: Consequences of structural modification at the C-8 position
    • Ma Z, Chu DT, Cooper CS, Li Q, Fung AK, Wang S, Shen LL, Flamm RK, Nilius AM, Alder JD, Meulbroek JA and Or YS. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 4H-4-oxoquinolizine derivatives: Consequences of structural modification at the C-8 position J. Med. Chem. (1999) 42: 4202–13
    • (1999) J. Med. Chem , vol.42 , pp. 4202-4213
    • Ma, Z1    Chu, DT2    Cooper, CS3    Li, Q4    Fung, AK5    Wang, S6    Shen, LL7    Flamm, RK8    Nilius, AM9    Alder, JD10    Meulbroek, JA11    Or, YS.12
  • 26
    • 0029779722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to trovafloxacin: Comparison with other quinolones and non-quinolone antibiotics
    • (Suppl. 3)
    • Spangler SK, Jacobs MR and Appelbaum PC. Susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria to trovafloxacin: Comparison with other quinolones and non-quinolone antibiotics. Infect. Dis. Clin. Pract. (1996) 5 (Suppl. 3): S101–9
    • (1996) Infect. Dis. Clin. Pract , vol.5 , pp. S101-S109
    • Spangler, SK1    Jacobs, MR2    Appelbaum, PC.3
  • 27
    • 0038184157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro antibacterial activity and pharmacodynamics of new quinolones
    • Dalhoff A and Schmitz F-J. In vitro antibacterial activity and pharmacodynamics of new quinolones. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Did. (2003) 22: 203-221
    • (2003) Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Did , vol.22 , pp. 203-221
    • Dalhoff, A1    Schmitz, F-J.2
  • 28
    • 0034127985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro antibacterial spectrum of a new broad-spectrum 8-methoxy fluoroquinolone, gatifloxacin
    • Fung-Tomc J, Minassian B, Kolek B, Washo T, Huczko E and Bonner D. In vitro antibacterial spectrum of a new broad-spectrum 8-methoxy fluoroquinolone, gatifloxacin. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. (2000) 45: 437–446
    • (2000) J. Antimicrob. Chemother , vol.45 , pp. 437-446
    • Fung-Tomc, J1    Minassian, B2    Kolek, B3    Washo, T4    Huczko, E5    Bonner, D.6
  • 29
    • 17144469234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative in-vitro activity of the new quinolone gemifloxacin (SB-265805) with other fluoroquinolones against respiratory tract pathogens
    • Garcia-Garrote F, Cercenado E, Martin-Pedroviejo J, Cuevas O and Bouza E. Comparative in-vitro activity of the new quinolone gemifloxacin (SB-265805) with other fluoroquinolones against respiratory tract pathogens. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. (2001) 47: 681– 684
    • (2001) J. Antimicrob. Chemother , vol.47 , pp. 681-684
    • Garcia-Garrote, F1    Cercenado, E2    Martin-Pedroviejo, J3    Cuevas, O4    Bouza, E.5
  • 30
    • 0005098732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro and in-vivo antibacterial efficacies of CFC-222, a new fluoroquinolone
    • Kim JH, Kang JA, Kim YG, Kim JW, Lee JH, Choi EC and Kim BK. In vitro and in-vivo antibacterial efficacies of CFC-222, a new fluoroquinolone. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. (1997) 41: 2209–2213
    • (1997) Antimicrob. Agents Chemother , vol.41 , pp. 2209-2213
    • Kim, JH1    Kang, JA2    Kim, YG3    Kim, JW4    Lee, JH5    Choi, EC6    Kim, BK.7
  • 34
    • 0035031194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse reactions to fluoroquinolones. an overview on mechanistic aspects
    • De Sarro A and De Sarro G. Adverse reactions to fluoroquinolones. an overview on mechanistic aspects. Current Med. Chem. (2001) 8: 371-84
    • (2001) Current Med. Chem , vol.8 , pp. 371-384
    • De Sarro, A1    De Sarro, G.2
  • 35
    • 0023885198 scopus 로고
    • 1-Substituted 7-[3- [(ethylamino)methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-6,8- difluoro- 1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids. New quantitative structure-activity relationships at N1 for the quinolone antibacterials
    • Domagala JM, Heifetz CL, Hutt MP, Mich TF, Nichols JB, Solomon M and Worth D F. 1-Substituted 7-[3- [(ethylamino)methyl]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-6,8- difluoro- 1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids. New quantitative structure-activity relationships at N1 for the quinolone antibacterials. J. Med. Chem. (1988) 31: 991-1001
    • (1988) J. Med. Chem , vol.31 , pp. 991-1001
    • Domagala, JM1    Heifetz, CL2    Hutt, MP3    Mich, TF4    Nichols, JB5    Solomon, M6    Worth, D F.7
  • 36
    • 0022401860 scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel arylfluoroquinolone antibacterial agents
    • Chu DTW, Fernandes PB, Claiborne AK, Pihuleac E, Nordeen CW, Maleczka RE and Pernet AG. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of novel arylfluoroquinolone antibacterial agents. J. Med. Chem. (1985) 28: 1558-64
    • (1985) J. Med. Chem , vol.28 , pp. 1558-1564
    • Chu, DTW1    Fernandes, PB2    Claiborne, AK3    Pihuleac, E4    Nordeen, CW5    Maleczka, RE6    Pernet, AG.7
  • 37
    • 0029142723 scopus 로고
    • Classification and structure-activity relationships of fluoroquinolones
    • Bryskier A and Chantot JF. Classification and structure-activity relationships of fluoroquinolones. Drugs (1995) 49: 16-28
    • (1995) Drugs , vol.49 , pp. 16-28
    • Bryskier, A1    Chantot, JF.2
  • 38
    • 0026100361 scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional structureactivity relationships and receptor mapping of N1- substituents of quinolone antibacterials
    • Ohta M and Koga H. Three-dimensional structureactivity relationships and receptor mapping of N1- substituents of quinolone antibacterials. J. Med. Chem. (1991) 34: 131-9
    • (1991) J. Med. Chem , vol.34 , pp. 131-139
    • Ohta, M1    Koga, H.2
  • 41
    • 0035042602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type II topoisomerases as targets for quinolone antibacterials
    • Anderson VE and Osheroff N. Type II topoisomerases as targets for quinolone antibacterials. Curr. Pharm. Des. (2001) 7: 337-53
    • (2001) Curr. Pharm. Des , vol.7 , pp. 337-353
    • Anderson, VE1    Osheroff, N.2
  • 42
    • 0024546107 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of inhibition of DNA gyrase by quinolone antibacterials: A cooperative drug-DNA binding model
    • Shen LL, Mitscher LA, Sharma PN, O’Donnell T. J, Chu DWT, Cooper CS, Rosen T and Pernet AG. Mechanism of inhibition of DNA gyrase by quinolone antibacterials: A cooperative drug-DNA binding model. Biochemistry (1989) 28: 3886-94
    • (1989) Biochemistry , vol.28 , pp. 3886-3894
    • Shen, LL1    Mitscher, LA2    Sharma, PN3    O’Donnell, T. J4    Chu, DWT5    Cooper, CS6    Rosen, T7    Pernet, AG.8
  • 44
    • 0032717940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and in-vitro antibacterial activity of new N-substituted piperazinyl quinolones
    • Foroumadi A, Emami S, Haghighat P and Moshafi MH. Synthesis and in-vitro antibacterial activity of new N-substituted piperazinyl quinolones. Pharm. Pharmacol. Commun. (1999) 5: 591-4
    • (1999) Pharm. Pharmacol. Commun , vol.5 , pp. 591-594
    • Foroumadi, A1    Emami, S2    Haghighat, P3    Moshafi, MH.4
  • 45
    • 0035675314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and antibacterial activity of some novel N-substituted piperazinyl quinolones
    • Foroumadi A, Davood A, Mirzaei M, Emami S and Moshafi MH. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of some novel N-substituted piperazinyl quinolones. Boll. Chim. Farm. (2001) 140: 411-16
    • (2001) Boll. Chim. Farm , vol.140 , pp. 411-416
    • Foroumadi, A1    Davood, A2    Mirzaei, M3    Emami, S4    Moshafi, MH.5
  • 46
    • 0036335807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antituberclusis agents. III. In vitro evaluation of antimycobacterial activity and cytotoxicity of some Nsubstituted piperazinyl quinolones
    • Foroumadi A, Soltani F, Emami S and Davood A. Antituberclusis agents. III. In vitro evaluation of antimycobacterial activity and cytotoxicity of some Nsubstituted piperazinyl quinolones. Boll. Chim. Farm. (2002) 141: 247-9
    • (2002) Boll. Chim. Farm , vol.141 , pp. 247-249
    • Foroumadi, A1    Soltani, F2    Emami, S3    Davood, A.4
  • 47
    • 0038746697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and in-vitro antibacterial activity of N-[5-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]piperazinyl quinolone derivatives
    • Foroumadi A, Ashraf-Askari R, Moshafi MH and Emami S. Synthesis and in-vitro antibacterial activity of N-[5-(5-nitro-2-furyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl]piperazinyl quinolone derivatives. Pharmazie (2003) 58: 432-33
    • (2003) Pharmazie , vol.58 , pp. 432-433
    • Foroumadi, A1    Ashraf-Askari, R2    Moshafi, MH3    Emami, S.4
  • 48
    • 0033864878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and in-vitro antibacterial activity of N-piperazinyl quinolone derivatives with a 2-thienyl group
    • Mirzaei M and Foroumadi A. Synthesis and in-vitro antibacterial activity of N-piperazinyl quinolone derivatives with a 2-thienyl group. Pharm. Pharmacol. Commun. (2000) 6: 351-4
    • (2000) Pharm. Pharmacol. Commun , vol.6 , pp. 351-354
    • Mirzaei, M1    Foroumadi, A.2
  • 49
    • 0141918781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and in-vitro antibacterial evaluation of N-[5-(5-nitro-2-thienyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl] piperazinyl quinolones
    • Foroumadi A, Mansouri S, Kiani Z and Rahmani A. Synthesis and in-vitro antibacterial evaluation of N-[5-(5-nitro-2-thienyl)-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl] piperazinyl quinolones. Eur. J. Med.Chem. (2003) 38: 851-4
    • (2003) Eur. J. Med.Chem , vol.38 , pp. 851-854
    • Foroumadi, A1    Mansouri, S2    Kiani, Z3    Rahmani, A.4
  • 50
    • 0141737751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and in-vitro antibacterial activity of some N-(5-aryl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl)piperazinyl quinolone derivatives
    • Foroumadi A, Soltani F, Moshafi MH and Ashraf- Askari R. Synthesis and in-vitro antibacterial activity of some N-(5-aryl-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-yl)piperazinyl quinolone derivatives. Il Farmaco (2003) 58: 1023- 28
    • (2003) Il Farmaco , vol.58 , pp. 1023-1028
    • Foroumadi, A1    Soltani, F2    Moshafi, MH3    Ashraf- Askari, R.4
  • 51
    • 0022480069 scopus 로고
    • Studies on prodrugs. 5. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of N-(oxoalkyl)norfloxacin derivatives
    • Kondo H, Sakamoto F, Koders Y and Tsukamoto G. Studies on prodrugs. 5. Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of N-(oxoalkyl)norfloxacin derivatives. J. Med. Chem. (1986) 29: 2020-4
    • (1986) J. Med. Chem , vol.29 , pp. 2020-2024
    • Kondo, H1    Sakamoto, F2    Koders, Y3    Tsukamoto, G.4
  • 52
    • 0034609780 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis, antibacterial, and cytotoxic evaluation of certain 7-substituted norfloxacin derivatives
    • Fang K C, Chen Y L, Sheu J Y, Wang T C and Tzeng C C. Synthesis, antibacterial, and cytotoxic evaluation of certain 7-substituted norfloxacin derivatives. J. Med. Chem. (2000) 43: 3809-12
    • (2000) J. Med. Chem , vol.43 , pp. 3809-3812
    • Fang, K C1    Chen, Y L2    Sheu, J Y3    Wang, T C4    Tzeng, C C.5
  • 53
    • 0042515174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis, and antimycobacterial and cytotoxic evaluation of certain fluoroquinolone derivatives
    • Sheu J Y, Chen Y L and Tzeng C C. Synthesis, and antimycobacterial and cytotoxic evaluation of certain fluoroquinolone derivatives. Helv. Chim. Acta (2003) 86: 2481-9
    • (2003) Helv. Chim. Acta , vol.86 , pp. 2481-2489
    • Sheu, J Y1    Chen, Y L2    Tzeng, C C.3
  • 54
    • 0027511896 scopus 로고
    • The in-vitro activity of Bay y 3118, a new chlorofluoroquinolone
    • Wise R, Andrews JM and Brenwald N. The in-vitro activity of Bay y 3118, a new chlorofluoroquinolone. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. (1993) 31: 73-80
    • (1993) J. Antimicrob. Chemother , vol.31 , pp. 73-80
    • Wise, R1    Andrews, JM2    Brenwald, N.3
  • 55
    • 0001765560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents containing oxime-substituted (aminomethyl)pyrrolidines: Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 7-(4-(aminomethyl)-3- (methoxyimino)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-cyclopropyl- 6- fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro[1,8]naphthyridine-3- carboxylic acid (LB20304)
    • Hong CY, Kim YK, Chang JH, Kim SH, Choi H, Nam DH, Kim YZ and Kwak JH. Novel fluoroquinolone antibacterial agents containing oxime-substituted (aminomethyl)pyrrolidines: Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 7-(4-(aminomethyl)-3- (methoxyimino)pyrrolidin-1-yl)-1-cyclopropyl- 6- fluoro-4-oxo-1,4-dihydro[1,8]naphthyridine-3- carboxylic acid (LB20304). J. Med. Chem. (1997) 40: 3584-93
    • (1997) J. Med. Chem , vol.40 , pp. 3584-3593
    • Hong, CY1    Kim, YK2    Chang, JH3    Kim, SH4    Choi, H5    Nam, DH6    Kim, YZ7    Kwak, JH.8
  • 57
    • 0029840423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoroquinolone antibacterials: SAR mechanism of action, resistance, and clinical aspects
    • Gootz TD and Brighty KE. Fluoroquinolone antibacterials: SAR mechanism of action, resistance, and clinical aspects. Med. Res. Rev. (1996) 16: 433–86
    • (1996) Med. Res. Rev , vol.16 , pp. 433-486
    • Gootz, TD1    Brighty, KE.2
  • 58
    • 0033010428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoroquinolone toxicity profiles: A review focusing on newer agents
    • Lipsky BA and Baker CA. Fluoroquinolone toxicity profiles: A review focusing on newer agents. Clin. Infec. Dis. (1999) 28: 352–64
    • (1999) Clin. Infec. Dis , vol.28 , pp. 352-364
    • Lipsky, BA1    Baker, CA.2
  • 59
    • 0028217680 scopus 로고
    • Temafloxacin syndrome: Review of 95 cases
    • Blum MD, Graham DJ and McCloskey CA. Temafloxacin syndrome: Review of 95 cases. Clin. Infec. Dis. (1994) 18: 946–50
    • (1994) Clin. Infec. Dis , vol.18 , pp. 946-950
    • Blum, MD1    Graham, DJ2    McCloskey, CA.3
  • 60
    • 0032711437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative tolerability of the newer fluoroquinolone antibacterials
    • Ball P, Mandell L, Niki Y and Tillotson G. Comparative tolerability of the newer fluoroquinolone antibacterials. Drug Safety (1999) 21: 407–21
    • (1999) Drug Safety , vol.21 , pp. 407-421
    • Ball, P1    Mandell, L2    Niki, Y3    Tillotson, G.4
  • 61
    • 0035007173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary infiltration with eosinophilia (PIE) syndrome induced by antibiotics, PIPC and TFLX during cancer treatment
    • Yamamoto T, Tanida T, Ueta E, Kimura T, Doi S and Osaki T. Pulmonary infiltration with eosinophilia (PIE) syndrome induced by antibiotics, PIPC and TFLX during cancer treatment. Oral Oncology (2001) 37: 471–5
    • (2001) Oral Oncology , vol.37 , pp. 471-475
    • Yamamoto, T1    Tanida, T2    Ueta, E3    Kimura, T4    Doi, S5    Osaki, T.6
  • 62
  • 63
    • 0034840669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • History of quinolones and their side effects
    • (Suppl. 3)
    • Rubinstein E. History of quinolones and their side effects. Chemotherapy (2001) 47 (Suppl. 3): 3–8
    • (2001) Chemotherapy , vol.47 , pp. 3-8
    • Rubinstein, E.1
  • 64
    • 0033659828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical use of the fluoroquinolones
    • Owens RC Jr and Ambrose PG. Clinical use of the fluoroquinolones. Med. Clin. North Am. (2000) 84: 1447-69
    • (2000) Med. Clin. North Am , vol.84 , pp. 1447-1469
    • Owens, RC1    Ambrose, PG.2
  • 65
    • 0030807204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New generations of quinolones: With particular attention to levofloxacin
    • Ambrose PG, Owens RC Jr, Quintiliani R and Nightingale CH. New generations of quinolones: With particular attention to levofloxacin. Conn. Med. (1997) 61: 269-72
    • (1997) Conn. Med , vol.61 , pp. 269-272
    • Ambrose, PG1    Owens, RC2    Quintiliani, R3    Nightingale, CH.4
  • 66
    • 0034095261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New uses for new and old quinolones and the challenge of resistance
    • Hooper DC. New uses for new and old quinolones and the challenge of resistance. Clin. Infect. Dis. (2000) 30: 243-54
    • (2000) Clin. Infect. Dis , vol.30 , pp. 243-254
    • Hooper, DC.1
  • 67
    • 0034696038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin: Two new fluoroquinolones
    • authors listed
    • No authors listed. Gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin: Two new fluoroquinolones. Med. Lett. Drugs Ther. (2000) 42: 15-7
    • (2000) Med. Lett. Drugs Ther , vol.42 , pp. 15-17
  • 68
    • 0032750067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activity of newer fluoroquinolones in-vitro against gram-positive bacteria
    • (suppl 2)
    • Eliopoulos GM. Activity of newer fluoroquinolones in-vitro against gram-positive bacteria. Drugs (1999) 58(suppl 2): 23-8
    • (1999) Drugs , vol.58 , pp. 23-28
    • Eliopoulos, GM.1
  • 69
    • 0032758004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quinolone activity against anaerobes
    • (suppl 2)
    • Applebaum PC. Quinolone activity against anaerobes. Drugs (1999) 58 (suppl 2): 60-4
    • (1999) Drugs , vol.58 , pp. 60-64
    • Applebaum, PC.1
  • 70
    • 0032758083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance: an update 1994-1998
    • Piddock LJ. Mechanisms of fluoroquinolone resistance: an update 1994-1998. Drugs (1999) 58: 11-8
    • (1999) Drugs , vol.58 , pp. 11-18
    • Piddock, LJ.1
  • 71
    • 0025189833 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of acquired ciprofloxacin resistance in a clinical strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    • Masecar BL, Clelesk RA and Robillard H. Analysis of acquired ciprofloxacin resistance in a clinical strain of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. (1990) 34: 281-6
    • (1990) J. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother , vol.34 , pp. 281-286
    • Masecar, BL1    Clelesk, RA2    Robillard, H.3
  • 72
    • 0002981454 scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of killing of bacteria by 4-quinolones
    • Crumplin GG (ed) Springer Verlag, London
    • Wolfson JS, Hooper DC. Mechanisms of killing of bacteria by 4-quinolones. In: Crumplin GG (ed.) The 4-Quinolones, Antibacterial Agents in vitro. Springer- Verlag, London (1990) 53-68
    • (1990) The 4-Quinolones, Antibacterial Agents in vitro , pp. 53-68
    • Wolfson, JS1    Hooper, DC.2
  • 73
    • 0038778612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adverse drug reactions: Implications for the development of fluoroquinolones
    • (Suppl. S1)
    • Ball P. Adverse drug reactions: Implications for the development of fluoroquinolones. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. (2003) 51 (Suppl. S1): 21-7
    • (2003) J. Antimicrob. Chemother , vol.51 , pp. 21-27
    • Ball, P.1
  • 74
    • 0032750501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoroquinolones in paediatrics
    • Jafri HS and McCracken GH Jr. Fluoroquinolones in paediatrics. Drugs (1999) 58: 43-8
    • (1999) Drugs , vol.58 , pp. 43-48
    • Jafri, HS1    McCracken, GH2
  • 75
    • 0032706242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quinolones in the aged
    • Nicolle LE. Quinolones in the aged. Drugs (1999) 58: 49-51
    • (1999) Drugs , vol.58 , pp. 49-51
    • Nicolle, LE.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.