Concepts and practices for transforming infrastructure from rigid to adaptable

Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure

Volumn 6, Issue 3-4, 2021, Pages 213-234

  Gilrein, Erica J ^a   Carvalhaes, Thomaz M ^b   Markolf, Samuel A ^a,b   Chester, Mikhail V ^a   Allenby, Braden R ^a   Garcia, Margaret ^a  

^a Arizona State University   (United States)

^b ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

adaptation; agile; flexible; Infrastructure; resilience; smart systems

Indexed keywords

ADAPTIVE CAPACITY; ADAPTIVE INFRASTRUCTURES; INFRASTRUCTURE SERVICES; LITERATURE REVIEWS; MANAGING UNCERTAINTY; NOVEL STRUCTURES; ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES; RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY;

PUBLIC RISKS;

EID: 85070558380     PISSN: 23789689     EISSN: 23789697     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/23789689.2019.1599608     Document Type: Article

References (186)

1. Acaroglu, L., (2018, May 7). “ System failures: Planned obsolescence and enforced disposability.” Medium - Disruptive Design. Accessed https://medium.com/disruptive-design/system-failures-planned-obsolescence-and-enforced-disposability-f0fab3e597f3
2. Adger, N. W., Arnell, N. W., & Tompkins, E. L., (2005). Successful adaptation to climate change across scales. Global Environmental Change, 15 (2), 77–86. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2004.12.005
3. Ahern, J., (2011). From fail-safe to safe-to-fail: Sustainability and resilience in the new urban world. Landscape and Urban Planning, 100 (4), 341–343. doi: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.02.021
4. Aladeojebi, T. K., (2013). Planned obsolescence. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 4 (6), 1504–1508. Accessed http://www.ijser.org
5. Allenby, B. R., (2012). The theory and practice of sustainable engineering. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
6. Anderies, J. M., Janssen, M. A., & Schlager, E., (2016). Institutions and the performance of coupled infrastructure systems. International Journal of the Commons, 10 (2), 495–516. doi: 10.18352/ijc.651
7. Andersen, P. B., Poulsen, B., Decker, M., Traeholt, C., & Østergaard, J., (2008). Evaluation of a generic virtual power plant framework using service oriented architecture. In 2nd IEEE International Conference on Power and Energy. Johor Bahru: IEEE.
8. Arbesman, S., (2016). Overcomplicated: Technology at the limits of comprehension. New York, NY: Penguin.
9. Arcuri, A., & Dari-Mattiacci, G., (2010). Centralization versus decentralization as a risk-return trade-off. Journal of Law and Economics, 53. Accessed. http://www.journals.uchicago.edu/t-and-c
10. Armstrong, A., (2017). “ A focus on impact: Evidence from the first four years.” http://www.100resilientcities.org/focus-impact-evidence-first-four-years/
11. Asano, T., Burton, F. L., Leverenz, H. L., Tsuchihashi, R., & Tchobanoglous, G., (2007). Water reuse: Issues, technologies, and applications (Metcalf & Eddy, Inc.). New York, NY: McGraw Hill Professional.
12. Asano, T., & Levine, A. D., (1996). Wastewater reclamation, recycling and reuse: Past, present, and future. Water Science and Technology, 33 (10–11), 1–14. doi: 10.1016/0273-1223(96)00401-5
13. Aupperlee, A., (2018, April 10). “ Pennsylvania to build test track, training facility for next-gen vehicles.” TribLive. Accessed http://triblive.com/state/pennsylvania/13520898-74/pennsylvania-to-build-test-track-training-facility-for-next-gen-vehicles
14. Barnett, J., Evans, L. S., Gross, C., Kiem, A. S., Kingsford, R. T., Palutikof, J. P., … Smithers, S. G., (2015). From barriers to limits to climate change adaptation: Path dependency and the speed of change. Ecology and Society, 20 (3). doi: 10.5751/ES-07698-200305
15. Bernardes, E. S., & Hanna, M. D., (2009). A theoretical review of flexibility, agility and responsiveness in the operations management literature: Toward a conceptual definition of customer responsiveness. International Journal of Operations and Production Management, 29 (1), 30–53. doi: 10.1108/01443570910925352
16. Bose, A., (2010). Smart transmission grid applications and their supporting infrastructure. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 1 (1), 11–19. doi: 10.1109/TSG.2010.2044899
17. Bouffard, F., & Kirschen, D. S., (2008). Centralised and distributed electricity systems. Energy Policy, 36 (12), 4504–4508. doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2008.09.060
18. Boyd, R., (2016, February). “ Can a 16-mile stretch of road become the world’s first sustainable highway? ” Fast Company. Accessed https://www.fastcompany.com/3054885/can-a-16-mile-stretch-of-road-become-the-worlds-first-sustainable-highway
19. Bump, Street. (n.d.). Retrieved April 3, 2019, from www.streetbump.org/about
20. Cardin, M.-A., Bourani, M. R., & de Neufville, R., (2015). Improving the lifecycle performance of engineering projects with flexible strategies: A study about on-shore LNG production design. Systems Engineering, 18, 253–268. doi: 10.1002/sys.21301
21. Carey, T., (2017, September 29). “ The Jones Act, explained (and what waiving it means for Puerto Rico).” PBS NewsHour. Accessed https://www.pbs.org/newshour/nation/jones-act-explained-waiving-means-puerto-rico
22. Carrera, F., Guerin, S., & Thorp, J. B. (2013). By the People, for the People: The Crowdsourcing of “STREETBUMP”, An Automatic Pothole Mapping App. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XL-4/W1(1), 19–23. doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-XL-4-W1-19–2013
23. Chandra, D. K., Liu, K., & Fu, Y., (2018). How unbalanced are bicycle dynamics? Demand-supply shortage detection with spatiotemporal tensor factorization in station-less bike systems. In BigTraffic 2018 Workshop. San Diego, CA. Accessed https://illidanlab.github.io/big_traffic/2018/papers/chandra2018how.pdf
24. Chau, H., (2009). “ Green infrastructure for Los Angeles: Addressing urban runoff and water supply through low impact development.” Accessed https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/climate/docs/resources/la_green_infrastructure.pdf
25. Chester, M. V., & Allenby, B., (2018). Toward adaptive infrastructure: Flexibility and agility in a non-stationarity age. Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure, 1–19. doi: 10.1080/23789689.2017.1416846
26. City of Portland Environmental Services. (2018). “ Combined sewer overflow control.” http://www.portlandoregon.gov/bes/31030
27. City of Syracuse. (2018). “ Potholes filled 2018.” http://data.syrgov.net/datasets/potholes-filled–2018/data?geometry=–164.795%2C14.945%2C66.709%2C60.587
28. Clines, K., (2018). “ The Ray” is Ga.’s 18-mile proving ground for technology and ideas on I-85.” Equipment World, Construction Equipment, News and Information, Heavy Construction Equipment.
29. Collins, S. L., Carpenter, S. R., Swinton, S. M., Orenstein, D. E., Childers, D. L., Gragson, T. L., & Whitmer, A. C., (2011). An integrated conceptual framework for long-term social-ecological research. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 9 (6), 351–357. doi: 10.1890/100068
30. Cope, R. F., Woosley, J. M., & Cope, R. F., (2018). A look at the Merchant Marine Act of 1920: Is it time for the U.S. to change course? International Business and Economics Research, 17 (1), 1–8.
31. Corvellec, H., Campos, M. J. Z., & Zapata, P., (2013). Infrastructures, lock-in, and sustainable urban development: The case of waste incineration in the Göteborg Metropolitan Area. Journal of Cleaner Production, 50, 32–39. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.12.009
32. de Neufville, R., & Scholtes, S., (2011). Flexibility in engineering design. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
33. Delpla, I., Jung, A.-V., Baures, E., Clement, M., & Thomas, O., (2009). Impacts of climate change on surface water quality in relation to drinking water production. Environment International, 35 (8), 1225–1233. doi: 10.1016/J.ENVINT.2009.07.001
34. DeZellar, J. T., & Maier, W. J., (1980). Effects of water conservation on sanitary sewers and wastewater treatment plants. Water Pollution Control Federation, 52 (1), 76–88. Accessed http://www.jstor.org/stable/25040552
35. Di Baldassarre, G., Castellarin, A., & Brath, A., (2009). Analysis of the effects of levee heightening on flood propagation: Example of the River Po. Hydrological Sciences-Journal-Des Sciences Hydrologiques, 54 (6), 54. doi: 10.1623/hysj.54.6.1007
36. Di Baldassarre, G., Viglione, A., Carr, G., Kuil, L., Salinas, J. L., & Blöschl, G., (2013). Socio-hydrology: Conceptualising human-flood interactions. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 17 (8), 3295–3303. doi: 10.5194/hess-17-3295-2013
37. Domènech, L., (2011). Rethinking water management: From centralised to decentralised water supply and sanitation models. Documents d’Anàlisi Geogràfica, 57 (2), 293–310.
38. Duncan, N. B., (1995). Capturing flexibility of information technology infrastructure: A study of resource characteristics and their measure. Journal of Management Information Systems, 12 (2), 37–57. doi: 10.1080/07421222.1995.11518080
39. Eckart, J., Sieker, H., Vairavamoorthy, K., & Alsharif, K., (2012). Flexible design of urban drainage systems: Demand led research for Hamburg-Wilhelmsburg. Reviews in Environmental Science and Biotechnology, 11 (1), 5–10. doi: 10.1007/s11157-011-9256-5
40. England, S. K., Darby, J. L., & Tchobanoglous, G., (1994). Continuous-backwash upflow filtration for primary effluent. Water Environment Research, 66 (2), 145–152. doi: 10.2175/WER.66.2.8
41. Escolar, S., Carretero, J., Marinescu, M.-C., & Chessa, S., (2014). Estimating energy savings in smart street lighting by using an adaptive control system. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 10 (5), 971587. doi: 10.1155/2014/971587
42. Estep, T., (2018, June 14). ‘ Georgia Tech backs transportation innovations in Gwinnett, Chamblee.” AJC. Accessed https://www.ajc.com/news/local-govt–politics/georgia-tech-backs-transportation-innovations-gwinnett-chamblee/RMLoZJnnjyeqjOuIE9DILN/
43. European Commission. (2012). The multifunctionality of green infrastructure. In Science for Environment Policy:: In depth reports. Brussels. (pp. 1–36).
44. Fang, X., Misra, S., Xue, G., & Yang, D., (2012). Smart grid–The new and improved power grid. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, 14 (4), 944–980. doi: 10.1109/SURV.2011.101911.00087
45. Faust, K. M., Abraham, D. M., & McElmurry, S. P., (2016). Water and Wastewater Infrastructure Management in Shrinking Cities. Public Works Management and Policy, 21 (2), 128–156. doi: 10.1177/1087724X15606737
46. Faust, K. M., & Kaminsky, J. A., (2017). Building Water and Wastewater System Resilience to Disaster Migration: Utility Perspectives. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 143 (8), 04017058. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)CO.1943-7862.0001352
47. Feigenoff, C., (2017). “ NSF grants support smart stormwater management research.” https://engineering.virginia.edu/news/2017/08/nsf-grants-support-smart-stormwater-management-research
48. Feitelson, E., & Salomon, I., (2000). The implications of differential network flexibility for spatial structures. Transportation Research, 34 (6), 459–479. Accessed www.elsevier.com/locate/tra
49. Ferguson, E., (1990). Transportation demand management planning, development, and implementation. Journal of the American Planning Association, 56 (4), 442–456. doi: 10.1080/01944369008975448
50. Forman, A. (2014). Caution ahead: Overdue investments for New York’s aging infrastructure. Center for an Urban Future. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED555648
51. Fung, B., (2017). “ Tesla’s enormous battery in Australia, just weeks old, is already responding to outages in “record” time.” The Washington Post. Accessed http://go.galegroup.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&u=sunycesfsc&id=GALE%7CA520359800&v=2.1&it=r&sid=ebsco&authCount=1
52. Gill, S. E., Handley, J. F., Ennos, A. R., & Pauleit, S., (2007). Adapting cities for climate change: The role of the green infrastructure. Built Environment, 33 (1), 115–133. doi: 10.2148/benv.33.1.115
53. Goodall, N., Smith, B., & Park, B., (2013). Traffic signal control with connected vehicles. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 2381, 65–72. doi: 10.3141/2381-08
54. Gowtham, J. S., & Mehdi, M. J., (2016). Smart public transport. International Journal of Research in Advanced Engineering Technologies, 5 (5). Accessed http://www.ijraet.com/pdf21/3.pdf
55. Griffin, G. P., & Sener, I. N., (2016). Planning for Bike Share Connectivity to Rail Transit. Journal of Public Transportation, 19 (2), 1–22. doi: 10.5038/2375-0901.19.2.1
56. Grimm, N. B., Faeth, S. H., Golubiewski, N. E., Redman, C. L., Wu, J., Bai, X., & Briggs, J. M. (2008). Global change and the ecology of cities. Science, 319 (5864), 756–760. doi:org/10.1126/science.1150195
57. Grinin, L., & Grinin, A., (2016). The sixth Kondratieff wave and the cybernetic revolution. Globalistics and Globalization Studies: Global Transformations and Global Future. Accessed https://books-google-com.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/books?hl=en&id=NtZbDgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA337&dq=(%22kondratiev+wave%22+OR+%22kondratieff+wave%22)+AND+%22technology%22&ots=5d77zys0CI&sig=MJzl_1C63LyLBdxlFTbuDmjGnGI#v=onepage&q=(%2522kondratiev wave%2522 OR %252
58. Guan, G. P., (2019, January 4). “ Commentary: Lessons from the fall of once-mighty bike-sharing giants.” Channel News Asia. Accessed https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/commentary/commentary-lessons-from-the-fall-of-once-mighty-bike-sharing-11080516
59. Gullì, F., (2006). Small distributed generation versus centralised supply: A social cost–Benefit analysis in the residential and service sectors. Energy Policy, 34 (7), 804–832. doi: 10.1016/J.ENPOL.2004.08.008
60. Guy, S., (1996). Managing water stress: The logic of demand side infrastructure planning. Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, 39 (1), 123–130. doi: 10.1080/09640569612714
61. Guy, S., & Marvin, S., (1996). Transforming urban infrastructure provision - The emerging logic of demand side management. Policy Studies, 17 (2), 137–147. doi: 10.1080/01442879608423701
62. Haas, B., (2017, November 24). “ Chinese bike share graveyard a monument to industry’s “arrogance” ” The Guardian. Accessed https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2017/nov/25/chinas-bike-share-graveyard-a-monument-to-industrys-arrogance
63. Halbe, J., Pahl-Wostl, C., Sendzimir, J., & Adamowski, J., (2013). Towards adaptive and integrated management paradigms to meet the challenges of water governance. Water Science and Technology, 67 (11), 2651–2660. doi: 10.2166/wst.2013.146
64. Hill, D., Kerkez, B., Rasekh, A., Ostfeld, A., Minsker, B., & Banks, M. K., (2014). Sensing and cyberinfrastructure for smarter water management: The promise and challenge of ubiquity. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 140 (7), 01814002. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)WR.1943-5452.0000449
65. Hill, G., (2017). “ Twitter citizen science AI improved flood data collection.” https://www.dundee.ac.uk/news//2017/twitter–citizen–science–ai–improved–flood–data–collection.php
66. Hu, L., & Schneider, R. J., (2015). Shifts between Automobile, Bus, and Bicycle Commuting in an Urban Setting. Journal of Urban Planning and Development, 141 (2), 04014025. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)UP.1943-5444.0000214
67. Ing, R., (2005). “ Hollow fiber ultrafiltration membranes.” Water Quality Products. Accessed https://www.wqpmag.com/hollow-fiber-ultrafiltration-membranes
68. Intelligent Transportation Systems Joint Program Office. (2015). “ Intelligent transportation systems - connected vehicles.” https://www.its.dot.gov/cv_basics/cv_basics_what.htm
69. Janko, S., Atkinson, S., & Johnson, N., (2016). Design and fabrication of a containerized micro-grid for disaster relief and off-grid applications. Volume 2A: 42nd Design Automation Conference, (August), V02AT03A056. Charlotte, NC: American Society of Mechanical Engineers. doi: 10.1115/DETC2016-60296
70. Jiang, Z., Li, F., Qiao, W., Sun, H., Wan, H., Wang, J., … Zhang, P., (2009). A vision of smart transmission grids. 2009 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting, PES 2009. 1–10. Calgary, AB: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. doi: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275431
71. Jonuschat, H., Stephan, K., & Schelewsky, M., (2015). Understanding Multimodal and Intermodal Mobility. In Maria, Attard & Y, oram Shiftan (Eds.), Sustainable Urban Transport (pp. 149–176). Bingley, UK: Emerald Group Publishing. doi: 10.1108/S2044-994120150000007018
72. Kaminsky, J., (2015). The fourth pillar of infrastructure sustainability: Tailoring civil infrastructure to social context. Construction Management and Economics, 33 (4), 299–309. doi: 10.1080/01446193.2015.1050425
73. Kaplan, S., (2008). Power plants: Characteristics and costs. Congressional Research Service. doi: 10.1016/j.juogr.2014.01.003
74. Kasarda, M. E., Terpenny, J. P., Inman, D., Precoda, K. R., Jelesko, J., Sahin, A., & Park, J., (2007). Design for adaptability (DFAD)—A new concept for achieving sustainable design. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 23 (6), 727–734. doi: 10.1016/J.RCIM.2007.02.004
75. Kaundinya, D. P., Balachandra, P., & Ravindranath, N. H., (2009). Grid-connected versus stand-alone energy systems for decentralized power—A review of literature. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 13 (8), 2041–2050. doi: 10.1016/J.RSER.2009.02.002
76. Kavvada, O., Nelson, K. L., & Horvath, A., (2018). Spatial optimization for decentralized non-potable water reuse. Environmental Research Letters, 13, 6. doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/aabef0
77. Kay, A., (2005). A critical of the use of path dependency in policy studies. Public Administration, 83 (3), 553–571. doi: 10.1111/j.0033-3298.2005.00462.x
78. Kerkez, B., Gruden, C., Lewis, M., Montestruque, L., Quigley, M., Wong, B., & Pak, C., (2016). Smarter stormwater systems. Environmental Science and Technology, 50 (14), 7267–7273. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5b05870
79. Kessler, R. (2011). Stormwater strategies: Cities prepare aging infrastructure for climate change. Environmental Health Perspectives, 119 (12), A514–9. doi:org/10.1289/ehp.119-a514
80. Kim, Y., Eisenberg, D. A., Bondank, E. N., Chester, M. V., Mascaro, G., & Underwood, B. S., (2017). Fail-safe and safe-to-fail adaptation: Decision-making for urban flooding under climate change. Climatic Change, 145 (3–4), 397–412. doi: 10.1007/s10584-017-2090-1
81. Kincaid, D., (2000). Adaptability potentials for buildings and infrastructure in sustainable cities. Facilities, 18 (3/4), 155–161. doi: 10.1108/02632770010315724
82. Kwang, K., (2018). “ “Smart lamp posts” in Singapore won’t shine light into people’s lives.” Channel News Asia. Accessed https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/technology/smart-lampposts-singapore-wont-shine-light-peoples-lives-10229804
83. Ledgerwood, G., & Broadhurst, A. I., (1999). Creating technology-based enterprise televillages: Post-modern regional development theory. Cities, 16 (1), 43–50. doi: 10.1016/S0264-2751(98)00053-5
84. Lee, S. W., Sarp, S., Jeon, D. J., & Kim, J. H., (2015). Smart water grid: The future water management platform. Desalination and Water Treatment, 55 (2), 339–346. doi: 10.1080/19443994.2014.917887
85. Lee, W., Song, J., Son, J. H., Gutierrez, M. P., Kang, T., Kim, D., & Lee, L. P., (2016). Solar optics-based active panel for solar energy storage and disinfection of greywater. Biomicrofluidics, 10 (5). doi: 10.1063/1.4965855
86. Levine, A. D., & Asano, T., (2004). Recovering sustainable water from wastewater. Environmental Science & Technology, 38, 201A–208A. doi: 10.1021/es040504n
87. Li, F., Qiao, W., Sun, H., Wan, H., Wang, J., Xia, Y., & Zhang, P., (2010a). Smart transmission grid: Vision and framework. Ieee Transactions on Smart Grid, 1 (2), 168–177.
88. Li, F., Qiao, W., Sun, H., Wan, H., Wang, J., Xia, Y., … Zhang, P., (2010b). Smart Transmission Grid: Vision and Framework. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 1 (2), 168–177. doi: 10.1109/TSG.2010.2053726
89. Libralato, G., Ghirardini, A. V., & Avezzù, F., (2012). To centralise or to decentralise: An overview of the most recent trends in wastewater treatment management. Journal of Environmental Management, 94 (1), 61–68. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2011.07.010
90. Lidula, N. W. A., & Rajapakse, A. D., (2011). Microgrids research: A review of experimental microgrids and test systems. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 15 (1), 186–202. doi: 10.1016/J.RSER.2010.09.041
91. Lifestraw. (2018). “ LifeStraw - We make contaminated water safe to drink.” https://www.lifestraw.com/
92. Lins, H. F., (2012). A note on stationarity and nonstationarity. Geneva: World Meteorological Organization Commission for Hydrology Advisory Working Group. Retrieved from: http://www.wmo.int/pages/prog/hwrp/chy/chy14/documents/ms/Stationarity_and_Nonstationarity.pdf
93. Liu, S., Hou, Y., Liu, -C.-C., & Podmore, R., (2014). The Healing Touch: Tools and Challenges for Smart Grid Restoration. IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, 12 (1), 54–63. doi: 10.1109/MPE.2013.2285609
94. Lu, N., Cheng, N., Zhang, N., Shen, X., & Mark, J. W., (2014). Connected vehicles: Solutions and challenges. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 1 (4), 289–299. doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2014.2327587
95. Lund, P. D., Lindgren, J., Mikkola, J., & Salpakari, J., (2015). Review of energy system flexibility measures to enable high levels of variable renewable electricity. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 45, 785–807. doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.01.057
96. Mailler, R., Gasperi, J., Coquet, Y., Deshayes, S., Zedek, S., Cren-Olivé, C., … Rocher, V., (2014). Study of a large scale powdered activated carbon pilot: Removals of a wide range of emerging and priority micropollutants from wastewater treatment plant effluents. Water Research, 72, 315–330. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.10.047
97. Marchant, G. E., Allenby, B. R., & Herkert, J. R., (2011). The growing gap between emerging technologies and legal-ethical oversight: The pacing problem. Netherlands: Springer.
98. Margot, J., Kienle, C., Magnet, A., Weil, M., Rossi, L., de Alencastro, L. F., & Barry, D. A., (2013). Treatment of micropollutants in municipal wastewater: Ozone or powdered activated carbon? Science of the Total Environment, 461–462, 480–498. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.034
99. Markolf, S. A., Hoehne, C., Fraser, A., Chester, M. V., & Underwood, B. S., (2019). Transportation resilience to climate change and extreme weather events–Beyond risk and robustness. Transport Policy, 74, 174–186. doi: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2018.11.003
100. Martin, C., (2017). “ Puerto Rico to get power relief from German microgrid supplier.” https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-10-02/puerto-rico-to-get-power-relief-from-german-microgrid-supplier
101. Matthews, J. C., (2016). Disaster resilience of critical water infrastructure systems. Journal of Structural Engineering, 142 (8), 1–4. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001341
102. McChrystal, S. A., Collins, T., Silverman, D., David, K., & Fussell, C., (2015). Team of teams: New rules of engagement for a complex world. New York: Penguin Random House LLC.
103. McGinnis, M. D., (2011). An introduction to IAD and the language of the Ostrom workshop: A simple guide to a complex framework. Policy Studies Journal, 39 (1), 169–183. doi: 10.1111/j.1541-0072.2010.00401.x
104. Meidl, J. A., (1997). Responding to changing conditions: How powdered activated carbon systems can provide the operational flexibility necessary to treat contaminated groundwater and industrial wastes. Carbon, 35 (9), 1207–1216. doi: 10.1016/S0008-6223(97)00093-6
105. Meneses, M., Pasqualino, J. C., & Castells, F., (2010). Environmental assessment of urban wastewater reuse: Treatment alternatives and applications. Chemosphere, 81 (2), 266–272. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.05.053
106. Mideksa, T. K., & Kallbekken, S., (2010). The impact of climate change on the electricity market: A review. Energy Policy, 38 (7), 3579–3585. doi: 10.1016/J.ENPOL.2010.02.035
107. Miller, S. A., & Heard, B. R., (2016). The environmental impact of autonomous vehicles depends on adoption patterns. Environmental Science and Technology. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.6b02490
108. Milly, P. C. D., Betancourt, J., Falkenmark, M., Hirsch, R. M., Kundzewicz, Z. W., Lettenmaier, D. P., & Stouffer, R. J., (2008). Stationarity is dead: Whither water management? Science, 319 (5863), 573–574. doi: 10.1126/science.1151915
109. Mirza, S., (2006). Durability and sustainability of infrastructure — A state-of-the-art report. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 33 (6), 639–649. doi: 10.1139/l06-049
110. MIT Technology Review Insights. (2017). “ Autonomous vehicles: Are you ready for the new ride? ” https://www.technologyreview.com/s/609450/autonomous-vehicles-are-you-ready-for-the-new-ride/
111. Mitchell, C., & Campbell, S. (2006). Synergy in the city: Making the sum of the parts more than the whole. In B., Beck & A., Speers (Eds.), 2nd IWA leading-edge on sustainability in water-limited environments (pp. 125–135). London: IWA Publishing.
112. Najm, I. N., Snoeyink, V. L., Lykins, B. W., Jr., & Adams, J. Q., (1991). Using powdered activated carbon: A critical review. American Water Works Association, 83 (1), 65–76. Accessed http://www.jstor.org/stable/41293123
113. Napieralski, J. A., & Carvalhaes, T. (2016). Urban stream deserts: Mapping a legacy of urbanization in the United States. Applied Geography, 67, 129–139. doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2015.12.008
114. National Small Flows Clearinghouse. (1999). Infiltration and inflow can be costly for communities. Pipeline, 10(2), 1–8.
115. Neirotti, P., De Marco, A., Cagliano, A. C., Mangano, G., & Scorrano, F., (2014). Current trends in smart city initiatives: Some stylised facts. Cities, 38, 25–36. doi: 10.1016/j.cities.2013.12.010
116. Nneji, V. C., Stimpson, A., Cummings, M., & Goodrich, K. H., (2018). Exploring concepts of operations for on-demand passenger air transportation. Proceedings from 17th AIAA Aviation Technology, Integration, and Operations Conference, 3085. Denver CO: AIAA. doi.org/10.2514/6.2017-3085
117. North, D. C., (1991). Intitutions. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 5 (1), 97–112. Accessed https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdfplus/10.1257/jep.5.1.97
118. O’Brien, K. L., & Leichenko, R. M., (2000). Double exposure: Assessing the impacts of climate change within the context of economic globalization. Global Environmental Change, 10 (3), 221–232. Accessed https://www.academia.edu/6430918/Double_exposure_assessing_the_impacts_of_climate_change_within_the_context_of_economic_globalization
119. Opher, T., & Friedler, E., (2016). Comparative LCA of decentralized wastewater treatment alternatives for non-potable urban reuse. Journal of Environmental Management, 182, 464–476. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.07.080
120. Opti. (2018). “ Products | Opti.” https://optirtc.com/products/
121. Ostrom, E., (2010). Polycentric systems for coping with collective action and global environmental change. Global Environmental Change, 20 (4), 550–557. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2010.07.004
122. Pahl-Wostl, C., (2009). A conceptual framework for analysing adaptive capacity and multi-level learning processes in resource governance regimes. Global Environmental Change, 19 (3), 354–365. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2009.06.001
123. Pahl-Wostl, C., Lebel, L., Knieper, C., & Nikitina, E., (2012). From applying panaceas to mastering complexity: Toward adaptive water governance in river basins. Environmental Science and Policy, 23, 24–34. doi: 10.1016/j.envsci.2012.07.014
124. Parker Water & Sanitation District. (2018). “ Water purification facility.” http://www.pwsd.org/2240/Water-Purification-Facility
125. Peik-Herfeh, M., Seifi, H., & Sheikh-El-Eslami, M. K., (2013). Decision making of a virtual power plant under uncertainties for bidding in a day-ahead market using point estimate method. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 44 (1), 88–98. doi: 10.1016/J.IJEPES.2012.07.016
126. Pelletier, M. P., Trépanier, M., & Morency, C., (2011). Smart card data use in public transit: A literature review. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, 19 (4), 557–568. doi: 10.1016/j.trc.2010.12.003
127. Perez, C., (2009). The double bubble at the turn of the century: Technological roots and structural implications. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 33 (4), 779–805. doi: 10.1093/cje/bep028
128. Pérez-Peña, R., (2002, January). “ Pataki seeks U.S. waiver on air quality.” The New York Times. Accessed https://www.nytimes.com/2002/01/02/nyregion/pataki-seeks-us-waiver-on-air-quality.html
129. Peter-Varbanets, M., Zurbrügg, C., Swartz, C., & Pronk, W., (2009). Decentralized systems for potable water and the potential of membrane technology. Water Research, 43 (2), 245–265. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2008.10.030
130. Pincetl, S., (2016). Soft and hard infrastructure co-production and lock-in. In K. C., Seto, W. D., Solecki, & C. A., Griffith (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Urbanization and Global Environmental Change (pp. 513–523). New York, NY: Routledge. doi: 10.4324/9781315849256.ch33
131. Porse, E. C., (2013). Stormwater governance and future cities. Water (Switzerland), 5 (1), 29–52. doi: 10.3390/w5010029
132. Pratt, M., (2016). “ Crowdsourced “Open for Business” app supports flooding response.” ArcUser Newsroom. Accessed http://www.esri.com/esri-news/arcuser/fall-2016/crowdsourced-open-for-business-app-supports-flood-response
133. Quezada, G., Walton, A., & Sharma, A., (2016). Risks and tensions in water industry innovation: Understanding adoption of decentralised water systems from a socio-technical transitions perspective. Journal of Cleaner Production, 113, 263–273. doi: 10.1016/J.JCLEPRO.2015.11.018
134. Rabinovitch, J., (1996). Innovative land use and public transport policy - The case of Curitiba, Brazil. Land Use Policy, 13 (1), 51–67. doi: 10.1016/0264-8377(95)00023-2
135. Rabinovitch, J., & Hoehn, J., (1995). “ A sustainable urban transportation system: The “Surface Metro” in Curitiba, Brazil. ” Environmental and Natural Resources Policy Training Project, Working Papers. Accessed https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/9f0b/a74086a14c9c7254c8da685eea2522ca9553.pdf
136. Regional Mode Share Report. (2018). Chicago, IL: Active Transportation Alliance. Retrieved from http://activetrans.org/sites/files/2018modesharereport.PDF
137. Retamal, M., Turner, A. J., & White, S. B., (2009). Energy implications of household rainwater systems. Journal of the Australian Water Association, 36 (8), 70–75.
138. Righi, S., Oliviero, L., Pedrini, M., Buscaroli, A., & Della Casa, C., (2013). Life Cycle Assessment of management systems for sewage sludge and food waste: Centralized and decentralized approaches. Journal of Cleaner Production, 44 (2013), 8–17. doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2012.12.004
139. Rijke, J., Van Herk, S., Zevenbergen, C., Ashley, R., Hertogh, M., & Ten Heuvelhof, E., (2014). Adaptive programme management through a balanced performance/strategy oriented focus. Jpma, 32, 1197–1209. doi: 10.1016/j.ijproman.2014.01.003
140. Rossi, J., (1995). Making policy through the waiver of regulations at the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. Administrative Law Review, 1 (47), 255–301. doi: 10.1533/9781845699789.5.663
141. Rzepecki, R. S., (2009, June 12). “ US20110307394A1.” Accessed https://patents.google.com/patent/US20110307394A1/en
142. Schäfer, A., Schuster, H., Kasper, U., & Moser, A., (2015). Chapter 3 - Challenges of Power Systems. In P. T., Moseley & J., Garche (Eds.), Electrochemical Energy Storage for Renewable Sources and Grid Balancing (pp. 23–32). Amsterdam: Elsevier. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-62616-5.00003-6
143. Schiavullo, R., (2017). “ POPUP is masterpiece of technology by Italdesign and Airbus: Designing future urban mobility by drones with a trailblazing modular ground and air passenger concept vehicle system.” Accessed http://twittertechnews.com/vehicles-design/popup-is-masterpiece-of-technology-by-italdesign-and-airbus-designing-future-urban-mobility-by-drones-with-a-trailblazing-modular-ground-and-air-passenger-concept-vehicle-system/
144. Schmitt, A. J., Sun, S. A., Snyder, L. V., & Shen, Z.-J. M., (2015). Centralization versus decentralization: Risk pooling, risk diversification, and supply chain disruptions. Omega (United Kingdom), 52, 201–212. doi: 10.1016/j.omega.2014.06.002
145. Scholz, M., & Grabowiecki, P., (2007). Review of permeable pavement systems. Building and Environment, 42 (11), 3830–3836. doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.11.016
146. Schreiber, E. S. G., Bearlin, A. R., Nicol, S. J., & Todd, C. R., (2004, December). Adaptive management: A synthesis of current understanding and effective application. Ecological Management and Restoration. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-8903.2004.00206.x
147. Schriks, M., Heringa, M. B., van der Kooi, M. M. E., de Voogt, P., & van Wezel, A. P., (2010). Toxicological relevance of emerging contaminants for drinking water quality. Water Research, 44 (2), 461–476. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2009.08.023
148. Scott, M., (2016). “ Using streetlights to strengthen cities.” Data-Smart City Solutions. Accessed https://datasmart.ash.harvard.edu/news/article/using-streetlights-to-strengthen-cities-895
149. Searns, R. M., (1995). The evolution of greenways as an adaptive urban landscape form. Landscape and Urban Planning, 33 (1–3), 65–80. doi: 10.1016/0169-2046(94)02014-7
150. Sherehiy, B., Karwowski, W., & Layer, J. K., (2007). A review of enterprise agility: Concepts, frameworks, and attributes. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 37 (5), 445–460. doi: 10.1016/J.ERGON.2007.01.007
151. Shirazi, E., & Jadid, S., (2017). Cost reduction and peak shaving through domestic load shifting and DERs. Energy, 124, 146–159. doi: 10.1016/j.energy.2017.01.148
152. Shotspotter. (2018). “ ShotSpotter gunshot detection and location service.” http://www.shotspotter.com/
153. Siembab, W., (1996). Telecity development strategy for sustainable, livable communities: The blue line televillage in Compton, California. Proceedings from Urban Design, Telecommuting and Travel Forecasting Conference, (September 8), 229–238. Williamsburg, VA: National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, & Medicine.
154. Sinha, K. C., (2003). Sustainability and urban public transportation. Journal of Transportation Engineering, 129 (4), 331–341. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2003)129:4(331)
155. Smartcity. (2017). “ How smart cities can benefit from intelligent transportation network.” Smartcity Press. Accessed http://www.smartcity.press/intelligent-transportation-system-for-smart-cities/
156. Snowden, D. J., & Boone, M. E., (2007). A Leader’s Framework for Decision Making. Harvard Business Review, R0711C (November), 1–9.
157. Strbac, G., (2008). Demand side management: Benefits and challenges. Energy Policy, 36 (12), 4419–4426. doi: 10.1016/j.enpol.2008.09.030
158. Streetline. (2018). “ Our solutions.” https://www.streetline.com/our-solutions/
159. Succar, S., & Williams, R. H., (2008). Compressed air energy storage: Theory, resources, and applications for wind power. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Environmental Institute. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004497.pub2
160. Symons, P. C., (2001). Opportunities for energy storage in stressed electricity supply systems. In Power Engineering Society Summer Meeting, 1, 448–449.
161. Tchobanoglous, G., (2002). The role of decentalized wastewater management in the twenty-first century. Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation (17), 1–17. Alexandria, VA: Water Environment Federation. doi: 10.2175/193864702784248881
162. Tjandraatmadja, G., Burn, S., McLaughlin, M., & Biswas, T., (2005). Rethinking urban water systems - Revisiting concepts in urban wastewater collection and treatment to ensure infrastructure sustainability. Water Science and Technology: Water Supply 5(2), 145–154. doi: 10.2166/ws.2005.0031
163. Turlington, M. W., de Neufville, R., & Garcia, M., (2017). Flexible design of water infrastructure systems. In S. Shafiqul & K. Madani (Eds.), Water Diplomacy in Action: Contingent Approaches to Managing Complex Water Problems (pp. 51–74). London: Anthem Press.
164. Ulbig, A., & Andersson, G., (2015). Analyzing operational flexibility of electric power systems. International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, 72, 155–164. doi: 10.1016/j.ijepes.2015.02.028
165. Upadhyaya, J. K., Biswas, N., & Tam, E. (2014). A review of infrastructure challenges: Assessing stormwater system sustainability. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 41 (6), 483–492. doi:org/10.1139/cjce-2013-0430
166. USEIA. (2002). “ Electric utility demand-side management 2000 executive summary.” Accessed https://www.eia.gov/electricity/data/eia861/dsm/058900.pdf
167. USEIA. (2017). “ Natural gas and renewables make up most of 2018 electric capacity additions.” https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=36092
168. USEIA. (2018). “ Annual energy outlook 2018.” Accessed https://www.eia.gov/outlooks/aeo/pdf/AEO2018.pdf
169. van Vliet, M. T. H., Yearsley, J. R., Ludwig, F., Vögele, S., Lettenmaier, D. P., & Kabat, P., (2012). Vulnerability of US and European electricity supply to climate change. Nature Climate Change, 2 (9), 676–681. doi: 10.1038/nclimate1546
170. Vedavyasan, C. V., (2007). Pretreatment trends - an overview. Desalination, 203 (1–3), 296–299. doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2006.04.012
171. Verstraete, W., & Vlaeminck, S., (2011). Short-cycling of wastewater resources for sustainable cities of the future. International Journal of Sustainable Development & World Ecology, 18 (3), 253–264. Accessed https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/2030604/file/2030605.pdf
172. Villaraigosa, A. R., (2008). Securing L.A.’s water supply. Los Angeles: City of Los Angeles Department of Water and Power.
173. VisionSystems Design. (2008). “ Smart camera monitors traffic.” https://www.vision-systems.com/articles/print/volume-13/issue-7/technology-trends/image-capture/smart-camera-monitors-traffic.html
174. Vörösmarty, C. J., Green, P., Salisbury, J., & Lammers, R. B., (2000). Global water resources: Vulnerability from climate change and population growth. Science, 289, 284. doi: 10.1126/SCIENCE.289.5477.284
175. Vymazal, J., (2010). Constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment: Five decades of experience. Environmental Science & Technology, 45 (1), 61–69. Accessed http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es101403q
176. Walters, C. J., & Holling, C. S., (1990). Large-scale experiments and learning by doing. Ecology, 71 (6), 2060–2068. doi: 10.2307/1938620
177. Webster, M. D., (2007). Structural Design for Adaptability and Deconstruction: A Strategy for Closing the Materials Loop and Increasing Building Value. Proceedings from 2007 Structures Congress: New Horizons and Better Practices, 1–6. Long Beach: ASCE doi.org/10.1061/40946(248)27
178. Wei, W., (2018, April). “ Casino gets hacked through its internet-connected fish tank thermometer.” The Hacker News. Accessed https://thehackernews.com/2018/04/iot-hacking-thermometer.html
179. Whitehead, P. G., Wilby, R. L., Battarbee, R. W., Kernan, M., & Wade, A. J., (2009). A review of the potential impacts of climate change on surface water quality. Hydrological Sciences Journal. doi: 10.1623/hysj.54.1.101
180. Winston, R. J., Dorsey, J. D., Smolek, A. P., & Hunt, W. F., (2018). Hydrologic performance of four permeable pavement systems constructed over low-permeability soils in Northeast Ohio. Journal of Hydrologic Engineering, 23 (4), 1–13. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)HE.1943-5584.0001627
181. Winters, P. L., (2000). “ Transportation demand management.” Transportation in the New Millenium. Accessed http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/millennium/00123.pdf
182. Wolch, J. R., Byrne, J., & Newell, J. P., (2014). Urban green space, public health, and environmental justice: {The} challenge of making cities ‘just green enough. Landscape and Urban Planning, 125, 234–244. doi: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2014.01.017
183. Wu, F., & Xue, Y., (2017). “ Innovations of bike sharing industry in China: A case study of Mobike’s station-less bike sharing system.” Accessed http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1111732&dswid=1364
184. Yusuf, Y. Y., Sarhadi, M., & Gunasekaran, A., (1999). Agile manufacturing: The drivers, concepts and attributes. International Journal of Production Economics, 62 (1), 33–43. doi: 10.1016/S0925-5273(98)00219-9
185. Zodrow, K. R., Li, Q., Buono, R. M., Chen, W., Daigger, G., Dueñas-Osorio, L., & Alvarez, P. J. J., (2017). Advanced materials, technologies, and complex systems analyses: Emerging opportunities to enhance urban water security. Environmental Science and Technology, 51 (18), 10274–10281. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.7b01679
186. Zurborg, A., (2010). “ Unlocking customer value: The virtual power plant.” World Power, 1–5. Accessed https://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/oeprod/DocumentsandMedia/ABB_Attachment.pdf