메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 60, Issue , 2019, Pages 43-58

Effect of problem-based learning in pharmacology education: A meta-analysis

Author keywords

Meta analysis; Pharmacology; Problem based learning

Indexed keywords


EID: 85057441787     PISSN: 0191491X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.stueduc.2018.11.004     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (43)

References (86)
  • 1
    • 0033817758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problem-based learning: Why curricula are likely to show little effect on knowledge and clinical skills
    • Albanese, M., Problem-based learning: Why curricula are likely to show little effect on knowledge and clinical skills. Medical Education 34:9 (2000), 729–738, 10.1046/j.1365-2923.2000.00753.x.
    • (2000) Medical Education , vol.34 , Issue.9 , pp. 729-738
    • Albanese, M.1
  • 2
    • 0027510161 scopus 로고
    • Problem-based learning: A review of literature on its outcomes and implementation issues
    • Albanese, M.A., Mitchell, S., Problem-based learning: A review of literature on its outcomes and implementation issues. Academic Medicine 68:1 (1993), 52–81, 10.1097/00001888-199301000-00012.
    • (1993) Academic Medicine , vol.68 , Issue.1 , pp. 52-81
    • Albanese, M.A.1    Mitchell, S.2
  • 3
    • 0033057607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problem-based learning versus lecture-based learning in a course of basic pharmacology: A controlled, randomized study
    • Antepohl, W., Herzig, S., Problem-based learning versus lecture-based learning in a course of basic pharmacology: A controlled, randomized study. Medical Education 33:2 (1999), 106–113, 10.1046/j.1365-2923.1999.00289.x.
    • (1999) Medical Education , vol.33 , Issue.2 , pp. 106-113
    • Antepohl, W.1    Herzig, S.2
  • 4
    • 85057449431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of PBL integrating synthetic discussion in pharmacology teaching
    • Bao, M., Li, Y., Jiang, J., Application of PBL integrating synthetic discussion in pharmacology teaching. Chinese Journal of Medical Research 8:1 (2008), 29–32, 10.1142/9789814719810_0065.
    • (2008) Chinese Journal of Medical Research , vol.8 , Issue.1 , pp. 29-32
    • Bao, M.1    Li, Y.2    Jiang, J.3
  • 5
    • 0023019570 scopus 로고
    • A taxonomy of problem-based learning methods
    • Barrows, H.S., A taxonomy of problem-based learning methods. Medical Education 20:6 (1986), 481–486, 10.1111/j.1365-2923.1986.tb01386.x.
    • (1986) Medical Education , vol.20 , Issue.6 , pp. 481-486
    • Barrows, H.S.1
  • 6
    • 85030536309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problem-based learning in medicine and beyond: A brief overview
    • Barrows, H.S., Problem-based learning in medicine and beyond: A brief overview. New Directions for Teaching and Learning 1996:68 (1996), 3–12, 10.1002/tl.37219966804.
    • (1996) New Directions for Teaching and Learning , vol.1996 , Issue.68 , pp. 3-12
    • Barrows, H.S.1
  • 7
    • 79961207660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validity and problem-based learning research: A review of instruments used to assess intended learning outcomes
    • Belland, B.R., French, B.F., Ertmer, P.A., Validity and problem-based learning research: A review of instruments used to assess intended learning outcomes. Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-based Learning, 3(1), 2009, 5, 10.7771/1541-5015.1059.
    • (2009) Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-based Learning , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 5
    • Belland, B.R.1    French, B.F.2    Ertmer, P.A.3
  • 8
    • 85057469326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The application of problem-based learning in the clinical tumor pharmacology teaching
    • 405-406+428
    • Cao, B., Li, S., He, H., The application of problem-based learning in the clinical tumor pharmacology teaching. Chinese Journal of Medical Education, 31(3), 2011, 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-677X.2011.03.031 405-406+428.
    • (2011) Chinese Journal of Medical Education , vol.31 , Issue.3
    • Cao, B.1    Li, S.2    He, H.3
  • 9
    • 85057474418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative study of application of PBL+LBL teaching method in pharmacology between seven years and five years of clinical medicine
    • 8-9+19
    • Chen, L., Wang, W., Song, Z., Liu, M., Wang, S., Wu, H., et al. Comparative study of application of PBL+LBL teaching method in pharmacology between seven years and five years of clinical medicine. China Higher Medical Education, 2012, 11, 10.3969/j.issn.1002-1701.2012.11.006 8-9+19.
    • (2012) China Higher Medical Education , pp. 11
    • Chen, L.1    Wang, W.2    Song, Z.3    Liu, M.4    Wang, S.5    Wu, H.6
  • 10
    • 84943197579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review manager (RevMan). 5.3
    • The Nordic Cochrane Centre: The Cochrane Collaboration Copenhagen
    • Collaboration, R.T.C., Review manager (RevMan). 5.3. 2014, The Nordic Cochrane Centre: The Cochrane Collaboration, Copenhagen, 10.1002/9781444316315.
    • (2014)
    • Collaboration, R.T.C.1
  • 11
    • 85057443057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of PBL teaching method in pharmacology
    • 90+85
    • Cui, G., Zhong, P., He, X., Zhang, S., Application of PBL teaching method in pharmacology. China Healthcare Innovation, 6(16), 2011, 10.3969/j.issn.1673-5552.2011.16.0061 90+85.
    • (2011) China Healthcare Innovation , vol.6 , Issue.16
    • Cui, G.1    Zhong, P.2    He, X.3    Zhang, S.4
  • 12
    • 0033047650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New pedagogic approaches adapted to the teaching of pharmacology, the activities centered on the student
    • Des Marchais, J.E., New pedagogic approaches adapted to the teaching of pharmacology, the activities centered on the student. Therapie 54:1 (1999), 171–181, 10.1080/10511970.2015.1025161.
    • (1999) Therapie , vol.54 , Issue.1 , pp. 171-181
    • Des Marchais, J.E.1
  • 13
    • 84901797445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the effectiveness of problem-based learning of preventive medicine education in China
    • Ding, X., Zhao, L., Chu, H., Tong, N., Ni, C., Hu, Z., et al. Assessing the effectiveness of problem-based learning of preventive medicine education in China. Scientific Reports, 4, 2014, 5126, 10.1038/srep05126.
    • (2014) Scientific Reports , vol.4 , pp. 5126
    • Ding, X.1    Zhao, L.2    Chu, H.3    Tong, N.4    Ni, C.5    Hu, Z.6
  • 14
    • 18244379724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of problem-based learning: A meta-analysis
    • Dochy, F., Segers, M., Van den Bossche, P., Gijbels, D., Effects of problem-based learning: A meta-analysis. Learning and Instruction 13:5 (2003), 533–568, 10.1016/S0959-4752(02)00025-7.
    • (2003) Learning and Instruction , vol.13 , Issue.5 , pp. 533-568
    • Dochy, F.1    Segers, M.2    Van den Bossche, P.3    Gijbels, D.4
  • 15
    • 0030922816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test
    • Egger, M., Davey Smith, G., Schneider, M., Minder, C., Bias in meta-analysis detected by a simple, graphical test. BMJ 315:7109 (1997), 629–634, 10.1136/bmj.315.7109.629.
    • (1997) BMJ , vol.315 , Issue.7109 , pp. 629-634
    • Egger, M.1    Davey Smith, G.2    Schneider, M.3    Minder, C.4
  • 16
    • 85057462806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Teaching model of PBL combined with LBL used in pharmacology for seven years students of Traditional Chinese Medicine
    • Fu, Y., Yang, L., Li, X., Teaching model of PBL combined with LBL used in pharmacology for seven years students of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Journal of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine 18:8 (2016), 118–120.
    • (2016) Journal of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , vol.18 , Issue.8 , pp. 118-120
    • Fu, Y.1    Yang, L.2    Li, X.3
  • 17
    • 84896384443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problem-based learning in pharmaceutical education: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Galvao, T.F., Silva, M.T., Neiva, C.S., Ribeiro, L.M., Pereira, M.G., Problem-based learning in pharmaceutical education: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Scientific World Journal, 2014(3), 2014, 578382, 10.1155/2014/578382.
    • (2014) Scientific World Journal , vol.2014 , Issue.3
    • Galvao, T.F.1    Silva, M.T.2    Neiva, C.S.3    Ribeiro, L.M.4    Pereira, M.G.5
  • 18
    • 85057489263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of PBL combined with medical record discussion teaching method in pharmacology teaching
    • Gao, J., Application of PBL combined with medical record discussion teaching method in pharmacology teaching. Health Vocational Education 33:1 (2015), 69–70.
    • (2015) Health Vocational Education , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 69-70
    • Gao, J.1
  • 20
    • 19744370205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of problem-based learning: A meta-analysis from the angle of assessment
    • Gijbels, D., Dochy, F., Den Bossche, P.V., Segers, M., Effects of problem-based learning: A meta-analysis from the angle of assessment. International Journal of Central Banking 75:1 (2005), 27–61, 10.3102/00346543075001027.
    • (2005) International Journal of Central Banking , vol.75 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-61
    • Gijbels, D.1    Dochy, F.2    Den Bossche, P.V.3    Segers, M.4
  • 21
    • 33749340877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancing pedagogical content knowledge through self-study: An exploration of problem-based learning
    • Goodnough, K., Enhancing pedagogical content knowledge through self-study: An exploration of problem-based learning. Teaching in Higher Education 11:3 (2006), 301–318, 10.1080/13562510600680715.
    • (2006) Teaching in Higher Education , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 301-318
    • Goodnough, K.1
  • 22
    • 85057448203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of PBL teaching method in “pharmacology” teaching for vocational college nursing students
    • Guo, S., Wang, Y., Li, Z., Application of PBL teaching method in “pharmacology” teaching for vocational college nursing students. Chinese Nursing Research 27:9B (2013), 2935–2936, 10.3969/j.issn.1009-6493.2013.26.060.
    • (2013) Chinese Nursing Research , vol.27 , Issue.9B , pp. 2935-2936
    • Guo, S.1    Wang, Y.2    Li, Z.3
  • 23
    • 3042621617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term follow up of factual knowledge after a single, randomised problem-based learning course
    • Herzig, S., Linke, R.M., Marxen, B., Borner, U., Antepohl, W., Long-term follow up of factual knowledge after a single, randomised problem-based learning course. BMC Medical Education, 3, 2003, 3, 10.1186/1472-6920-3-3.
    • (2003) BMC Medical Education , vol.3 , pp. 3
    • Herzig, S.1    Linke, R.M.2    Marxen, B.3    Borner, U.4    Antepohl, W.5
  • 24
    • 84890680871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Green S. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version 5.1. 0.
    • Higgins, J., Green S. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions version 5.1. 0. 2008, 10.1002/9780470712184.ch20.
    • (2008)
    • Higgins, J.1
  • 25
    • 0037098199 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis
    • Higgins, J.P., Thompson, S.G., Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Statistics in Medicine 21:11 (2002), 1539–1558, 10.1002/sim.1186.
    • (2002) Statistics in Medicine , vol.21 , Issue.11 , pp. 1539-1558
    • Higgins, J.P.1    Thompson, S.G.2
  • 26
    • 0041876133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses
    • Higgins, J.P., Thompson, S.G., Deeks, J.J., Altman, D.G., Measuring inconsistency in meta-analyses. BMJ 327:7414 (2003), 557–560, 10.1136/bmj.327.7414.557.
    • (2003) BMJ , vol.327 , Issue.7414 , pp. 557-560
    • Higgins, J.P.1    Thompson, S.G.2    Deeks, J.J.3    Altman, D.G.4
  • 27
    • 3142678927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problem-based learning: What and how do students learn?
    • Hmelo-Silver, C.E., Problem-based learning: What and how do students learn?. Educational Psychology Review 16:3 (2004), 235–266, 10.1023/B:EDPR.0000034022.16470.f3.
    • (2004) Educational Psychology Review , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 235-266
    • Hmelo-Silver, C.E.1
  • 28
    • 33747731478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problem-based learning outcomes: Ten years of experience at the University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine
    • Hoffman, K., Hosokawa, M., Blake, R. Jr, Headrick, L., Johnson, G., Problem-based learning outcomes: Ten years of experience at the University of Missouri-Columbia School of Medicine. Academic Medicine 81:7 (2006), 617–625, 10.1097/01.ACM.0000232411.97399.c6.
    • (2006) Academic Medicine , vol.81 , Issue.7 , pp. 617-625
    • Hoffman, K.1    Hosokawa, M.2    Blake, R.3    Headrick, L.4    Johnson, G.5
  • 29
    • 84877155460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of problem-based learning in Chinese dental education: A meta-analysis
    • Huang, B., Zheng, L., Li, C., Li, L., Yu, H., Effectiveness of problem-based learning in Chinese dental education: A meta-analysis. Journal of Dental Education 77:3 (2013), 377–383.
    • (2013) Journal of Dental Education , vol.77 , Issue.3 , pp. 377-383
    • Huang, B.1    Zheng, L.2    Li, C.3    Li, L.4    Yu, H.5
  • 30
    • 85057494282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application and evaluation of PBL teaching method in pharmacology teaching of clinical medicine
    • Huang, W., Application and evaluation of PBL teaching method in pharmacology teaching of clinical medicine. Heilongjiang Science and Technology Information, 9, 2017, 57, 10.3969/j.issn.1673-1328.2017.09.057.
    • (2017) Heilongjiang Science and Technology Information , vol.9 , pp. 57
    • Huang, W.1
  • 31
    • 85057438174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploration and practice of PBL in pharmacology experiment teaching
    • Huo, Y., Yang, J., Gong, Z., Exploration and practice of PBL in pharmacology experiment teaching. The Journal of Medical Theory and Practice 29:14 (2016), 1977–1978.
    • (2016) The Journal of Medical Theory and Practice , vol.29 , Issue.14 , pp. 1977-1978
    • Huo, Y.1    Yang, J.2    Gong, Z.3
  • 32
    • 85057506019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problem-based learning versus lecture-based learning in pharmacology in a junior doctor teaching program: A crossover study from northern India
    • Imran, M., Shamsi, M.S., Singh, A., Goel, S., Sharma, P., Panesar, S., Problem-based learning versus lecture-based learning in pharmacology in a junior doctor teaching program: A crossover study from northern India. International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 3:11 (2015), 3296–3299, 10.28918/jupe.v13i1.700.
    • (2015) International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences , vol.3 , Issue.11 , pp. 3296-3299
    • Imran, M.1    Shamsi, M.S.2    Singh, A.3    Goel, S.4    Sharma, P.5    Panesar, S.6
  • 33
    • 85057472384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of PBL in the teaching of pharmacology in college
    • Jia, Y., Application of PBL in the teaching of pharmacology in college. Guide of China Medicine 11:25 (2013), 288–289, 10.3969/j.issn.1671-8194.2013.25.226.
    • (2013) Guide of China Medicine , vol.11 , Issue.25 , pp. 288-289
    • Jia, Y.1
  • 34
    • 0031020823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrating clinical pharmacology in a new problem based medical undergraduate curriculum
    • Jones, G.L., Walley, T., Bligh, J., Integrating clinical pharmacology in a new problem based medical undergraduate curriculum. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 43:1 (1997), 15–19, 10.1111/j.1365-2125.1997.tb00026.x.
    • (1997) British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , vol.43 , Issue.1 , pp. 15-19
    • Jones, G.L.1    Walley, T.2    Bligh, J.3
  • 35
    • 0030826738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Basic sciences in problem-based learning and conventional curricula: Students’ attitudes
    • Kaufman, D.M., Mann, K.V., Basic sciences in problem-based learning and conventional curricula: Students’ attitudes. Medical Education 31:3 (1997), 177–180, 10.1111/j.1365-2923.1997.tb02562.x.
    • (1997) Medical Education , vol.31 , Issue.3 , pp. 177-180
    • Kaufman, D.M.1    Mann, K.V.2
  • 36
    • 38349041710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of problem-based learning during medical school on physician competency: A systematic review
    • Koh, G.C., Khoo, H.E., Wong, M.L., Koh, D., The effects of problem-based learning during medical school on physician competency: A systematic review. CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal 178:1 (2008), 34–41, 10.1503/cmaj.070565.
    • (2008) CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal , vol.178 , Issue.1 , pp. 34-41
    • Koh, G.C.1    Khoo, H.E.2    Wong, M.L.3    Koh, D.4
  • 37
    • 84894225667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effectiveness of problem-based learning on development of nursing students’ critical thinking: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Kong, L.N., Qin, B., Zhou, Y.Q., Mou, S.Y., Gao, H.M., The effectiveness of problem-based learning on development of nursing students’ critical thinking: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Nursing Studies 51:3 (2014), 458–469, 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.06.009.
    • (2014) International Journal of Nursing Studies , vol.51 , Issue.3 , pp. 458-469
    • Kong, L.N.1    Qin, B.2    Zhou, Y.Q.3    Mou, S.Y.4    Gao, H.M.5
  • 38
    • 0035987933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problem-based learning and teaching of medical pharmacology
    • Kwan, C.Y., Problem-based learning and teaching of medical pharmacology. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Archives of Pharmacology 366:1 (2002), 10–17, 10.1007/s00210-002-0561-y.
    • (2002) Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Archives of Pharmacology , vol.366 , Issue.1 , pp. 10-17
    • Kwan, C.Y.1
  • 39
    • 4544232152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning of medical pharmacology via innovation: A personal experience at McMaster and in Asia
    • Kwan, C.Y., Learning of medical pharmacology via innovation: A personal experience at McMaster and in Asia. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 25:9 (2004), 1186–1194, 10.1504/IJIL.2003.003611.
    • (2004) Acta Pharmacologica Sinica , vol.25 , Issue.9 , pp. 1186-1194
    • Kwan, C.Y.1
  • 40
    • 16544378045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problem-based learning in pharmacology: A survey of department heads in Taiwan, China
    • Lau, Y.T., Problem-based learning in pharmacology: A survey of department heads in Taiwan, China. Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 25:9 (2004), 1238–1240, 10.1097/00132586-198608000-00016.
    • (2004) Acta Pharmacologica Sinica , vol.25 , Issue.9 , pp. 1238-1240
    • Lau, Y.T.1
  • 41
    • 85057448830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of problem based learning teaching method in agricultural colleges of pharmacy in the experiment teaching of pharmacology of traditional Chinese Medicine
    • Li, L., Chang, J., Zhou, Y., Gao, Z., Application of problem based learning teaching method in agricultural colleges of pharmacy in the experiment teaching of pharmacology of traditional Chinese Medicine. China Medicine and Pharmacy 1:24 (2011), 137–138.
    • (2011) China Medicine and Pharmacy , vol.1 , Issue.24 , pp. 137-138
    • Li, L.1    Chang, J.2    Zhou, Y.3    Gao, Z.4
  • 42
    • 85057472234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The classroom design of veterinary pharmacology with PBL-oriented teaching method
    • 89+105
    • Li, L., Jiang, H., Zhang, L., Wang, C., The classroom design of veterinary pharmacology with PBL-oriented teaching method. Education for Chinese After-school, 2013, 5, 10.3969/j.issn.1004-8502(x).2013.05.077 89+105.
    • (2013) Education for Chinese After-school , pp. 5
    • Li, L.1    Jiang, H.2    Zhang, L.3    Wang, C.4
  • 43
    • 85057502769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The application and assessment of problem-based learning in pharmacology teaching in higher vocational education
    • 140+171
    • Li, W., Xi, H., The application and assessment of problem-based learning in pharmacology teaching in higher vocational education. Science & Technology Vision(15), 2014 140+171.
    • (2014) Science & Technology Vision , Issue.15
    • Li, W.1    Xi, H.2
  • 45
    • 85057458369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of PBL teaching and traditional teaching for pharmacology in vocational nursing
    • Liu, L., A comparative study of PBL teaching and traditional teaching for pharmacology in vocational nursing. Journal of North Pharmacy, 11(2), 2014, 137.
    • (2014) Journal of North Pharmacy , vol.11 , Issue.2 , pp. 137
    • Liu, L.1
  • 46
    • 84887661520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evaluation of pharmacology curricula in Australian science and health-related degree programs
    • Lloyd, H., Hinton, T., Bullock, S., Babey, A.M., Davis, E., Fernandes, L., et al. An evaluation of pharmacology curricula in Australian science and health-related degree programs. BMC Medical Education, 13, 2013, 153, 10.1186/1472-6920-13-153.
    • (2013) BMC Medical Education , vol.13 , pp. 153
    • Lloyd, H.1    Hinton, T.2    Bullock, S.3    Babey, A.M.4    Davis, E.5    Fernandes, L.6
  • 47
    • 85057447682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practice and exploration of PBL teaching method in pharmacology teaching
    • Luo, X., Practice and exploration of PBL teaching method in pharmacology teaching. Guide of China Medicine 10:15 (2012), 682–683, 10.3969/j.issn.1671-8194.2012.15.531.
    • (2012) Guide of China Medicine , vol.10 , Issue.15 , pp. 682-683
    • Luo, X.1
  • 48
    • 0029955440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A survey of graduates in practice from the University of New Mexico's conventional and community-oriented, problem-based tracks
    • Mennin, S.P., Kalishman, S., Friedman, M., Pathak, D., Snyder, J., A survey of graduates in practice from the University of New Mexico's conventional and community-oriented, problem-based tracks. Academic Medicine 71:10 (1996), 1079–1089, 10.1097/00001888-199610000-00015.
    • (1996) Academic Medicine , vol.71 , Issue.10 , pp. 1079-1089
    • Mennin, S.P.1    Kalishman, S.2    Friedman, M.3    Pathak, D.4    Snyder, J.5
  • 49
    • 85057479840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of PBL teaching mode in the experimental teaching of pharmacology in application-oriented colleges
    • Miao, C., Zhou, G., Qin, M., Application of PBL teaching mode in the experimental teaching of pharmacology in application-oriented colleges. Animal Husbandry and Feed Science 34:5 (2013), 84–85, 10.3969/j.issn.1672-5190.2013.05.030.
    • (2013) Animal Husbandry and Feed Science , vol.34 , Issue.5 , pp. 84-85
    • Miao, C.1    Zhou, G.2    Qin, M.3
  • 50
    • 0036535122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of problem- and lecture-based pharmacology teaching 23
    • Michel, M.C., Bischoff, A., Jakobs, K.H., Comparison of problem- and lecture-based pharmacology teaching 23. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 4 (2002), 168–170, 10.1016/S0165-6147(00)01940-4.
    • (2002) Trends in Pharmacological Sciences , vol.4 , pp. 168-170
    • Michel, M.C.1    Bischoff, A.2    Jakobs, K.H.3
  • 52
    • 1642567208 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of student outcomes following problem-based learning instruction versus traditional lecture learning in a graduate pharmacology course
    • Miller, S.K., A comparison of student outcomes following problem-based learning instruction versus traditional lecture learning in a graduate pharmacology course. Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners 15:12 (2003), 550–556, 10.1111/j.1745-7599.2003.tb00347.x.
    • (2003) Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners , vol.15 , Issue.12 , pp. 550-556
    • Miller, S.K.1
  • 53
    • 84957886302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of inquiry-based learning in an undergraduate exercise physiology course
    • Nybo, L., May, M., Effectiveness of inquiry-based learning in an undergraduate exercise physiology course. Advances in Physiology Education 39:2 (2015), 76–80, 10.1152/advan.00161.2014.
    • (2015) Advances in Physiology Education , vol.39 , Issue.2 , pp. 76-80
    • Nybo, L.1    May, M.2
  • 55
    • 85057446056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The exploratory application of problem-based learning in pharmacology teaching
    • Pan, G., The exploratory application of problem-based learning in pharmacology teaching. China Health Care Nutrition 5 (2014), 3172–3173.
    • (2014) China Health Care Nutrition , vol.5 , pp. 3172-3173
    • Pan, G.1
  • 56
    • 0028198790 scopus 로고
    • Quality education for undergraduates in pharmacology: A Canadian experiment
    • Rangachari, P.K., Quality education for undergraduates in pharmacology: A Canadian experiment. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 15:7 (1994), 211–214, 10.1016/0165-6147(94)90313-1.
    • (1994) Trends in Pharmacological Sciences , vol.15 , Issue.7 , pp. 211-214
    • Rangachari, P.K.1
  • 57
    • 0027973760 scopus 로고
    • The teaching of pharmacology: Needs, challenges and responses for the future
    • Rangachari, P.K., The teaching of pharmacology: Needs, challenges and responses for the future. Trends in Pharmacological Sciences 15:11 (1994), 399–402, 10.1016/0165-6147(94)90081-7.
    • (1994) Trends in Pharmacological Sciences , vol.15 , Issue.11 , pp. 399-402
    • Rangachari, P.K.1
  • 58
    • 74949088205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constructivist, problem-based learning does work: A meta-analysis of curricular comparisons involving a single medical school
    • Schmidt, H.G., Molen, H.T.V.D., Winkel, W.W.R.T., Wijnen, W.H.F.W., Constructivist, problem-based learning does work: A meta-analysis of curricular comparisons involving a single medical school. Educational Psychologist 44:4 (2009), 227–249, 10.1080/00461520903213592.
    • (2009) Educational Psychologist , vol.44 , Issue.4 , pp. 227-249
    • Schmidt, H.G.1    Molen, H.T.V.D.2    Winkel, W.W.R.T.3    Wijnen, W.H.F.W.4
  • 59
    • 85011016416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competency-based medical education: An overview and application in pharmacology
    • Shah, N., Desai, C., Jorwekar, G., Badyal, D., Singh, T., Competency-based medical education: An overview and application in pharmacology. Indian Journal of Pharmacology 48:Suppl 1 (2016), S5–S9, 10.4103/0253-7613.193312.
    • (2016) Indian Journal of Pharmacology , vol.48 , pp. S5-S9
    • Shah, N.1    Desai, C.2    Jorwekar, G.3    Badyal, D.4    Singh, T.5
  • 60
    • 84861779653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ten basic competencies for undergraduate pharmacology education at KIST medical college, Lalitpur, Nepal
    • Shankar, P., Ten basic competencies for undergraduate pharmacology education at KIST medical college, Lalitpur, Nepal. The Australasian Medical Journal 4:12 (2011), 677–682, 10.4066/AMJ.2011.1046.
    • (2011) The Australasian Medical Journal , vol.4 , Issue.12 , pp. 677-682
    • Shankar, P.1
  • 61
    • 5444237641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Student feedback on problem stimulated learning in pharmacology: A questionnaire based study
    • Shankar, P.R., Dubey, A.K., Mishra, P., Upadhyay, D., Subish, P., Deshpande, V.Y., Student feedback on problem stimulated learning in pharmacology: A questionnaire based study. Pharmacy Education 4:2 (2004), 51–56, 10.1080/15602210410001727245.
    • (2004) Pharmacy Education , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. 51-56
    • Shankar, P.R.1    Dubey, A.K.2    Mishra, P.3    Upadhyay, D.4    Subish, P.5    Deshpande, V.Y.6
  • 62
    • 84888055017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of problem-based learning in nursing education: A meta-analysis
    • Shin, I.S., Kim, J.H., The effect of problem-based learning in nursing education: A meta-analysis. Advances in Health Sciences Education: Theory and Practice 18:5 (2013), 1103–1120, 10.1007/s10459-012-9436-2.
    • (2013) Advances in Health Sciences Education: Theory and Practice , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 1103-1120
    • Shin, I.S.1    Kim, J.H.2
  • 63
    • 0027155039 scopus 로고
    • Effect of problem-based, self-directed undergraduate education on life-long learning
    • Shin, J.H., Haynes, R.B., Johnston, M.E., Effect of problem-based, self-directed undergraduate education on life-long learning. Canadian Medical Association Journal 148:6 (1993), 969–976, 10.1108/S2051-2295(2013)0000000014.
    • (1993) Canadian Medical Association Journal , vol.148 , Issue.6 , pp. 969-976
    • Shin, J.H.1    Haynes, R.B.2    Johnston, M.E.3
  • 64
    • 33644817113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Many roads lead to Rome–is that true of the teaching and learning of pharmacology? Lessons from three medical schools in Malaysia
    • Sim, S.M., Achike, F.I., Geh, S.L., Many roads lead to Rome–is that true of the teaching and learning of pharmacology? Lessons from three medical schools in Malaysia. The Medical Journal of Malaysia(60 Suppl D), 2005, 41–47.
    • (2005) The Medical Journal of Malaysia , Issue.60 Suppl D , pp. 41-47
    • Sim, S.M.1    Achike, F.I.2    Geh, S.L.3
  • 65
    • 0028806305 scopus 로고
    • Integration of pharmacology into a problem-based learning curriculum for medical students
    • Sivam, S.P., Iatridis, P.G., Vaughn, S., Integration of pharmacology into a problem-based learning curriculum for medical students. Medical Education 29:4 (1995), 289–296, 10.1111/j.1365-2923.1995.tb02851.x.
    • (1995) Medical Education , vol.29 , Issue.4 , pp. 289-296
    • Sivam, S.P.1    Iatridis, P.G.2    Vaughn, S.3
  • 67
    • 85057482136 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practice of PBL teaching mode in the teaching of pharmacology
    • Song, H., Huang, H., Cai, X., Zeng, R., Wang, Z., Practice of PBL teaching mode in the teaching of pharmacology. Journal of Higher Education Research 38:3 (2015), 113–117, 10.3969/j.issn.1672-8874.2015.03.021.
    • (2015) Journal of Higher Education Research , vol.38 , Issue.3 , pp. 113-117
    • Song, H.1    Huang, H.2    Cai, X.3    Zeng, R.4    Wang, Z.5
  • 68
    • 84926429295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploration of problem based learning in the experimental teaching of pharmacology
    • Song, X., Exploration of problem based learning in the experimental teaching of pharmacology. Chinese Medicine Modern Distance Education of China 9:11 (2011), 82–83, 10.3969/j.issn.1672-2779.2011.11.055.
    • (2011) Chinese Medicine Modern Distance Education of China , vol.9 , Issue.11 , pp. 82-83
    • Song, X.1
  • 69
    • 84871965654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of problem based learning as an instructional tool for acquisition of content knowledge and promotion of critical thinking among medical students
    • Tayyeb, R., Effectiveness of problem based learning as an instructional tool for acquisition of content knowledge and promotion of critical thinking among medical students. Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons–Pakistan : JCPSP 23:1 (2013), 42–46 https://doi.org/01.2013/JCPSP.4246.
    • (2013) Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons–Pakistan : JCPSP , vol.23 , Issue.1 , pp. 42-46
    • Tayyeb, R.1
  • 71
    • 0027290529 scopus 로고
    • Does problem-based learning work? A meta-analysis of evaluative research
    • Vernon, D.T., Blake, R.L., Does problem-based learning work? A meta-analysis of evaluative research. Academic Medicine 68:7 (1993), 550–563, 10.1097/00001888-199307000-00015.
    • (1993) Academic Medicine , vol.68 , Issue.7 , pp. 550-563
    • Vernon, D.T.1    Blake, R.L.2
  • 72
    • 0026662634 scopus 로고
    • Workshop on problem-based learning as a method for teaching clinical pharmacology and therapeutics in medical school
    • Vestal, R.E., Benowitz, N.L., Workshop on problem-based learning as a method for teaching clinical pharmacology and therapeutics in medical school. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 32:9 (1992), 779–797, 10.1002/j.1552-4604.1992.tb03884.x.
    • (1992) Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , vol.32 , Issue.9 , pp. 779-797
    • Vestal, R.E.1    Benowitz, N.L.2
  • 73
    • 84994577829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the effectiveness of problem-based learning in physical diagnostics education in China: A meta-analysis
    • Wang, J., Xu, Y., Liu, X., Xiong, W., Xie, J., Zhao, J., Assessing the effectiveness of problem-based learning in physical diagnostics education in China: A meta-analysis. Scientific Reports, 6, 2016, 36279, 10.1038/srep36279.
    • (2016) Scientific Reports , vol.6 , pp. 36279
    • Wang, J.1    Xu, Y.2    Liu, X.3    Xiong, W.4    Xie, J.5    Zhao, J.6
  • 74
    • 85057472651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of problem based learning teaching method in pharmacology
    • Wang, S., Wu, Y., Wang, J., Qian, X., Application of problem based learning teaching method in pharmacology. Chinese Journal of Medical Education 28:2 (2008), 58–59, 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-677X.2008.02.022.
    • (2008) Chinese Journal of Medical Education , vol.28 , Issue.2 , pp. 58-59
    • Wang, S.1    Wu, Y.2    Wang, J.3    Qian, X.4
  • 75
    • 85057455755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploration and practice PBL bilingual teaching for seven years medical students in pharmacology
    • 89-90+96
    • Wang, W., Wei, M., Liu, M., He, M., Wu, H., Song, Z., et al. Exploration and practice PBL bilingual teaching for seven years medical students in pharmacology. Chinese Higher Medical Education, 2008, 7, 10.3969/j.issn.1002-1701.2008.07.044 89-90+96.
    • (2008) Chinese Higher Medical Education , pp. 7
    • Wang, W.1    Wei, M.2    Liu, M.3    He, M.4    Wu, H.5    Song, Z.6
  • 76
    • 85057485931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploration on application of problem-based learning interactive teaching method in clinical pharmacology teaching
    • 704-705+709
    • Wei, G., Zheng, Q., Exploration on application of problem-based learning interactive teaching method in clinical pharmacology teaching. Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 29(9), 2013, 10.3969/j.issn.1001-6821.2013.09.020 704-705+709.
    • (2013) Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , vol.29 , Issue.9
    • Wei, G.1    Zheng, Q.2
  • 77
    • 85057459623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis on the effect of PBL teaching method applied in pharmacology teaching of nursing specialty in higher vocational colleges
    • Xiang, S., Yang, Y., Analysis on the effect of PBL teaching method applied in pharmacology teaching of nursing specialty in higher vocational colleges. Hubei Today 6 (2015), 125–126.
    • (2015) Hubei Today , vol.6 , pp. 125-126
    • Xiang, S.1    Yang, Y.2
  • 78
    • 85057437067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The application of problem-based learning in the teaching of nursing pharmacology
    • Yang, C., Jin, W., The application of problem-based learning in the teaching of nursing pharmacology. Chinese Medicine Guides 5:28 (2008), 82–83, 10.3969/j.issn.1673-7210.2008.28.054.
    • (2008) Chinese Medicine Guides , vol.5 , Issue.28 , pp. 82-83
    • Yang, C.1    Jin, W.2
  • 80
    • 85057493470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of PBL teaching method centered on case discussion in pharmacology teaching
    • Zhang, C., Zhang, H., Niu, B., Zhang, L., Song, Y., Yin, Z., Application of PBL teaching method centered on case discussion in pharmacology teaching. China Higher Medical Education 6 (2015), 104–105, 10.3969/j.issn.1002-1701.2015.06.054.
    • (2015) China Higher Medical Education , vol.6 , pp. 104-105
    • Zhang, C.1    Zhang, H.2    Niu, B.3    Zhang, L.4    Song, Y.5    Yin, Z.6
  • 81
    • 84926470258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of problem-based learning in pharmacology teaching
    • Zhang, H., Zhou, L., Shen, C., Application of problem-based learning in pharmacology teaching. Northwest Medical Education 13:4 (2005), 415–416, 10.3969/j.issn.1006-2769.2005.04.041.
    • (2005) Northwest Medical Education , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 415-416
    • Zhang, H.1    Zhou, L.2    Shen, C.3
  • 82
    • 84926476776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effectiveness of the problem-based learning teaching model for use in introductory Chinese undergraduate medical courses: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • e0120884
    • Zhang, Y., Zhou, L., Liu, X., Liu, L., Wu, Y., Zhao, Z., et al. The effectiveness of the problem-based learning teaching model for use in introductory Chinese undergraduate medical courses: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PloS One, 10(3), 2015, 10.1371/journal.pone.0120884 e0120884.
    • (2015) PloS One , vol.10 , Issue.3
    • Zhang, Y.1    Zhou, L.2    Liu, X.3    Liu, L.4    Wu, Y.5    Zhao, Z.6
  • 83
    • 85057506031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application effect of problem-based learning in the teaching process of Traditional Chinese Medicine pharmacology
    • Zhao, R., Liu, C., Yan, D., Sun, P., Zhang, T., Application effect of problem-based learning in the teaching process of Traditional Chinese Medicine pharmacology. China Higher Medical Education 4 (2015), 51–52, 10.3969/j.issn.1002-1701.2015.04.027.
    • (2015) China Higher Medical Education , vol.4 , pp. 51-52
    • Zhao, R.1    Liu, C.2    Yan, D.3    Sun, P.4    Zhang, T.5
  • 84
    • 84926454007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect analysis of pharmacology PBL teaching
    • 135-137+141
    • Zhao, W., Lan, X., Zhu, K., Gong, Y., Effect analysis of pharmacology PBL teaching. Chinese Medicine Guides, 11(7), 2014 135-137+141.
    • (2014) Chinese Medicine Guides , vol.11 , Issue.7
    • Zhao, W.1    Lan, X.2    Zhu, K.3    Gong, Y.4
  • 85
    • 84955294245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of problem-based learning in Chinese pharmacy education: A meta-analysis
    • Zhou, J., Zhou, S., Huang, C., Xu, R., Zhang, Z., Zeng, S., et al. Effectiveness of problem-based learning in Chinese pharmacy education: A meta-analysis. BMC Medical Education, 16(1), 2016, 23, 10.1186/s12909-016-0546-z.
    • (2016) BMC Medical Education , vol.16 , Issue.1 , pp. 23
    • Zhou, J.1    Zhou, S.2    Huang, C.3    Xu, R.4    Zhang, Z.5    Zeng, S.6
  • 86
    • 85057451424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of PBL teaching method in the course of clinical pharmacology case discussion
    • Zhou, L., Luo, S., Qin, D., Cui, L., Application of PBL teaching method in the course of clinical pharmacology case discussion. China Higher Medical Education 11 (2012), 13–14, 10.3969/j.issn.1002-1701.2012.11.009.
    • (2012) China Higher Medical Education , vol.11 , pp. 13-14
    • Zhou, L.1    Luo, S.2    Qin, D.3    Cui, L.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.