메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 2, Issue JUL, 2014, Pages

The evolution of African plant diversity

Author keywords

Africa; Biogeography; Cenozoic; Diversification rates; Extinction; Fire; Floras; Savanna

Indexed keywords


EID: 85042861214     PISSN: None     EISSN: 2296701X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2014.00038     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (166)

References (141)
  • 1
    • 34547161807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pleistocene colonization of afro-alpine 'sky islands' by the arctic-alpine Arabis alpina
    • Assefa, A., Ehrich, D., Taberlet, P., Nemomissa, S., and Brochmann, C. (2007). Pleistocene colonization of afro-alpine 'sky islands' by the arctic-alpine Arabis alpina. Heredity (Edinb). 99, 133-142. doi: 10.1038/sj.hdy.6800974
    • (2007) Heredity (Edinb) , vol.99 , pp. 133-142
    • Assefa, A.1    Ehrich, D.2    Taberlet, P.3    Nemomissa, S.4    Brochmann, C.5
  • 2
    • 0031857813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic relationships within Pelargonium sect. Peristera (Geraniaceae), inferred from nrDNA and cpDNA sequence comparisons
    • Bakker, F. T., Hellbrügge, D., Culham, A., and Gibby, M. (1998). Phylogenetic relationships within Pelargonium sect. Peristera (Geraniaceae), inferred from nrDNA and cpDNA sequence comparisons. Plant Syst. Evol. 211, 273-287. doi: 10.1007/BF00985364
    • (1998) Plant Syst. Evol , vol.211 , pp. 273-287
    • Bakker, F.T.1    Hellbrügge, D.2    Culham, A.3    Gibby, M.4
  • 3
    • 0032099630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biogeography and floral evolution of baobabs (Adansonia, Bombaceae) as inferred from multiple data sets
    • Baum, D. A., Small, R. L., and Wendel, J. F. (1998). Biogeography and floral evolution of baobabs (Adansonia, Bombaceae) as inferred from multiple data sets. Syst. Biol. 47, 181-207. doi: 10.1080/106351598260879
    • (1998) Syst. Biol , vol.47 , pp. 181-207
    • Baum, D.A.1    Small, R.L.2    Wendel, J.F.3
  • 4
    • 33749984184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origin of the savanna biome
    • Beerling, D. J., and Osborne, C. P. (2006). The origin of the savanna biome. Glob. Chang. Biol. 12, 2023-2031. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01239.x
    • (2006) Glob. Chang. Biol , vol.12 , pp. 2023-2031
    • Beerling, D.J.1    Osborne, C.P.2
  • 5
    • 84868094767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The migration of the palaeotropical arid flora: Zygophylloideae as an example
    • Bellstedt, D. U., Galley, C., Pirie, M. D., and Linder, H. P. (2012). The migration of the palaeotropical arid flora: Zygophylloideae as an example. Syst. Bot. 37, 951-959. doi: 10.1600/036364412x656608
    • (2012) Syst. Bot , vol.37 , pp. 951-959
    • Bellstedt, D.U.1    Galley, C.2    Pirie, M.D.3    Linder, H.P.4
  • 6
    • 84893667389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erosive processes after tectonic uplift stimulate vicariant and adaptive speciation: evolution in an Afrotemperate-endemic paper daisy genus
    • Bentley, J., Verboom, G. A., and Bergh, N. G. (2014). Erosive processes after tectonic uplift stimulate vicariant and adaptive speciation: evolution in an Afrotemperate-endemic paper daisy genus. BMC Evol. Biol. 14:27. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-14-27
    • (2014) BMC Evol. Biol , vol.14 , pp. 27
    • Bentley, J.1    Verboom, G.A.2    Bergh, N.G.3
  • 7
    • 64549140782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cape diversification and repeated out-of-southern-Africa dispersal in paper daisies (Asteraceae-Gnaphalieae)
    • Bergh, N. G., and Linder, H. P. (2009). Cape diversification and repeated out-of-southern-Africa dispersal in paper daisies (Asteraceae-Gnaphalieae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 51, 5-18. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2008.09.001
    • (2009) Mol. Phylogenet. Evol , vol.51 , pp. 5-18
    • Bergh, N.G.1    Linder, H.P.2
  • 9
    • 0043124693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The importance of low atmospheric CO2 and fire in promoting the spread of grasslands and savannas
    • Bond, W. J., Midgley, G. F., and Woodward, F. I. (2003). The importance of low atmospheric CO2 and fire in promoting the spread of grasslands and savannas. Glob. Chang. Biol. 9, 973-982. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2486.2003.00577.x
    • (2003) Glob. Chang. Biol , vol.9 , pp. 973-982
    • Bond, W.J.1    Midgley, G.F.2    Woodward, F.I.3
  • 10
    • 13144289499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The global distribution of ecosystems in a world without fire
    • Bond, W. J., Woodward, F. I., and Midgley, G. F. (2005). The global distribution of ecosystems in a world without fire. New Phytol. 165, 525-537. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2004.01252.x
    • (2005) New Phytol , vol.165 , pp. 525-537
    • Bond, W.J.1    Woodward, F.I.2    Midgley, G.F.3
  • 11
    • 33845680801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The greater cape floristic region
    • Born, J., Linder, H. P., and Desmet, P. (2007). The greater cape floristic region. J. Biogeogr. 34, 147-162. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2006.01595.x
    • (2007) J. Biogeogr , vol.34 , pp. 147-162
    • Born, J.1    Linder, H.P.2    Desmet, P.3
  • 12
    • 84900816901 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of the stapeliads (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae)-repeated major radiation across Africa in an Old World group
    • Bruyns, P. V., Klak, C., and Hanácek, P. (2014). Evolution of the stapeliads (Apocynaceae-Asclepiadoideae)-repeated major radiation across Africa in an Old World group. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 77, 251-263. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.03.022
    • (2014) Mol. Phylogenet. Evol , vol.77 , pp. 251-263
    • Bruyns, P.V.1    Klak, C.2    Hanácek, P.3
  • 13
    • 84455183725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age and diversity in Old World succulent species of Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae)
    • Bruyns, P. V., Klak, C., and Hanek, P. (2011). Age and diversity in Old World succulent species of Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae). Taxon 60, 1717-1733
    • (2011) Taxon , vol.60 , pp. 1717-1733
    • Bruyns, P.V.1    Klak, C.2    Hanek, P.3
  • 14
    • 33745480935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The endemic and near-endemic angiosperms of the Drakensberg Alpine Centre
    • Carbutt, C., and Edwards, T. J. (2006). The endemic and near-endemic angiosperms of the Drakensberg Alpine Centre. S. Afr. J. Bot. 72, 105-132. doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2005.06.001
    • (2006) S. Afr. J. Bot , vol.72 , pp. 105-132
    • Carbutt, C.1    Edwards, T.J.2
  • 15
    • 84885155828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for temperature limitation of nitrogen mineralisation in the Drakensberg Alpine Centre
    • Carbutt, C., Edwards, T. J., Fynn, R. W. S., and Beckett, R. P. (2013). Evidence for temperature limitation of nitrogen mineralisation in the Drakensberg Alpine Centre. S. Afr. J. Bot. 88, 447-454. doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2013.09.001
    • (2013) S. Afr. J. Bot , vol.88 , pp. 447-454
    • Carbutt, C.1    Edwards, T.J.2    Fynn, R.W.S.3    Beckett, R.P.4
  • 17
    • 29844457494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The East African rift system
    • Chorowicz, J. (2005). The East African rift system. J. Afr. Earth Sci. 43, 379-410. doi: 10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2005.07.019
    • (2005) J. Afr. Earth Sci , vol.43 , pp. 379-410
    • Chorowicz, J.1
  • 18
    • 0036807292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early tertiary out-of-India dispersal of Crypteroniaceae: evidence from phylogeny and molecular dating
    • Conti, E., Eriksson, T., Schonenberger, J., Sytsma, K. J., and Baum, D. A. (2002). Early tertiary out-of-India dispersal of Crypteroniaceae: evidence from phylogeny and molecular dating. Evolution 56, 1931-1942. doi: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2002.tb00119.x
    • (2002) Evolution , vol.56 , pp. 1931-1942
    • Conti, E.1    Eriksson, T.2    Schonenberger, J.3    Sytsma, K.J.4    Baum, D.A.5
  • 20
    • 61349089221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular phylogenetics reveal multiple tertiary vicariance origins of the African rain forest trees
    • Couvreur, T. L. P., Chatrou, L. W., Sosef, M. S. M., and Richardson, J. E. (2008). Molecular phylogenetics reveal multiple tertiary vicariance origins of the African rain forest trees. BMC Biol. 6:54. doi: 10.1186/1741-7007-6-54
    • (2008) BMC Biol , vol.6 , pp. 54
    • Couvreur, T.L.P.1    Chatrou, L.W.2    Sosef, M.S.M.3    Richardson, J.E.4
  • 21
    • 79959283275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin and global diversification patterns of tropical rain forests: inferences from a complete genus-level phylogeny of palms
    • Couvreur, T. L. P., Forest, F., and Baker, W. J. (2011). Origin and global diversification patterns of tropical rain forests: inferences from a complete genus-level phylogeny of palms. BMC Biol. 9:44. doi: 10.1186/1741-7007-9-44
    • (2011) BMC Biol , vol.9 , pp. 44
    • Couvreur, T.L.P.1    Forest, F.2    Baker, W.J.3
  • 22
    • 0032834851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Namaqualand, South Africa-an overview of a unique winter-rainfall desert ecosystem
    • Cowling, R. M., Esler, K. J., and Rundel, P. W. (1999). Namaqualand, South Africa-an overview of a unique winter-rainfall desert ecosystem. Plant Ecol. 142, 3-21. doi: 10.1023/A:1009831308074
    • (1999) Plant Ecol , vol.142 , pp. 3-21
    • Cowling, R.M.1    Esler, K.J.2    Rundel, P.W.3
  • 23
    • 17444381207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the origin of the southern African subtropical thicket vegetation
    • Cowling, R. M., Proches, S., and Vlok, J. H. J. (2005). On the origin of the southern African subtropical thicket vegetation. S. Afr. J. Bot. 71, 1-23
    • (2005) S. Afr. J. Bot , vol.71 , pp. 1-23
    • Cowling, R.M.1    Proches, S.2    Vlok, J.H.J.3
  • 24
    • 0034953527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The biogeographic regions reconsidered
    • Cox, C. B. (2001). The biogeographic regions reconsidered. J. Biogeogr. 28, 511-523. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2699.2001.00566.x
    • (2001) J. Biogeogr , vol.28 , pp. 511-523
    • Cox, C.B.1
  • 26
    • 0036964377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogeny of Acridocarpus-Brachylophon (Malpighiaceae): implications for tertiary tropical floras and Afroasian biogeography
    • Davis, C. C., Bell, C. D., Fritsch, P. W., and Mathews, S. (2002). Phylogeny of Acridocarpus-Brachylophon (Malpighiaceae): implications for tertiary tropical floras and Afroasian biogeography. Evolution 56, 2395-2405. doi: 10.1111/j.0014-3820.2002.tb00165.x
    • (2002) Evolution , vol.56 , pp. 2395-2405
    • Davis, C.C.1    Bell, C.D.2    Fritsch, P.W.3    Mathews, S.4
  • 27
    • 10444289556 scopus 로고
    • 'Regional overview: South East Asia (Malesia)'
    • eds S. D. Davis, V. H. Heywood, and A. C. Hamilton (Cambridge: IUCN)
    • Davis, S. D. (1995). "Regional overview: South East Asia (Malesia)". in Centres of Plant Diversity. A Guide and Strategy for Their Conservation, eds S. D. Davis, V. H. Heywood, and A. C. Hamilton (Cambridge: IUCN), 229-432
    • (1995) Centres of Plant Diversity. A Guide and Strategy for Their Conservation , pp. 229-432
    • Davis, S.D.1
  • 28
    • 0012328737 scopus 로고
    • A tentatative phytogeographical division of tropical Africa based on a mathematical analysis of distribution maps
    • Denys, E. (1980). A tentatative phytogeographical division of tropical Africa based on a mathematical analysis of distribution maps. Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg. 50, 465-504. doi: 10.2307/3667842
    • (1980) Bull. Jard. Bot. Natl. Belg , vol.50 , pp. 465-504
    • Denys, E.1
  • 29
    • 33750545095 scopus 로고
    • Remarks on the distribution of some desert plants in Africa
    • De Winter, B. (1966). Remarks on the distribution of some desert plants in Africa. Palaeoecol. Afr. 1, 188-189
    • (1966) Palaeoecol. Afr , vol.1 , pp. 188-189
    • De Winter, B.1
  • 30
    • 0001646102 scopus 로고
    • Floristic relationships between the northern and southern arid areas in Africa
    • De Winter, B. (1971). Floristic relationships between the northern and southern arid areas in Africa. Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. Münch. 10, 424-437
    • (1971) Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. Münch , vol.10 , pp. 424-437
    • De Winter, B.1
  • 31
    • 12744276497 scopus 로고
    • 'The palms of Africa and their relationships'
    • eds P. Goldblatt and P. P. Lowry (St Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden)
    • Dransfield, J. (1988). "The palms of Africa and their relationships". in Systematic Studies in African Botany, eds P. Goldblatt and P. P. Lowry (St Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden), 95-103
    • (1988) Systematic Studies in African Botany , pp. 95-103
    • Dransfield, J.1
  • 32
    • 0033972680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vegetation change in equatorial West Africa: time-slices for the last 150 ka
    • Dupont, L. M., Jahns, S., Marret, F., and Ning, S. (2000). Vegetation change in equatorial West Africa: time-slices for the last 150 ka. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 155, 95-122. doi: 10.1016/S0031-0182(99)00095-4
    • (2000) Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol , vol.155 , pp. 95-122
    • Dupont, L.M.1    Jahns, S.2    Marret, F.3    Ning, S.4
  • 33
    • 79955842975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate-driven rampant speciation of the Cape flora
    • Dupont, L. M., Linder, H. P., Rommerskirchen, F., and Schefuss, E. (2011). Climate-driven rampant speciation of the Cape flora. J. Biogeogr. 38, 1059-1068. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02476.x
    • (2011) J. Biogeogr , vol.38 , pp. 1059-1068
    • Dupont, L.M.1    Linder, H.P.2    Rommerskirchen, F.3    Schefuss, E.4
  • 34
    • 84881549738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Miocene to Pliocene changes in South African hydrology and vegetation in relation to the expansion of C-4 plants
    • Dupont, L. M., Rommerskirchen, F., Mollenhauer, G., and Schefuss, E. (2013). Miocene to Pliocene changes in South African hydrology and vegetation in relation to the expansion of C-4 plants. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 375, 408-417. doi: 10.1016/j.epsl.2013.06.005
    • (2013) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett , vol.375 , pp. 408-417
    • Dupont, L.M.1    Rommerskirchen, F.2    Mollenhauer, G.3    Schefuss, E.4
  • 35
    • 0344470833 scopus 로고
    • 'East African coastal-West African rain forest disjunctions'
    • eds E. M. Lind and M. E. S. Morrison (London: Longman)
    • Faden, R. B. (1974). "East African coastal-West African rain forest disjunctions". in East African Vegetation, eds E. M. Lind and M. E. S. Morrison (London: Longman), 202-203
    • (1974) East African Vegetation , pp. 202-203
    • Faden, R.B.1
  • 37
    • 34249931003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Cape element in the Afrotemperate flora: from Cape to Cairo?
    • Galley, C., Bytebier, B., Bellstedt, D. U., and Linder, H. P. (2007). The Cape element in the Afrotemperate flora: from Cape to Cairo? Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 274, 535-543. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2006.0046
    • (2007) Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.274 , pp. 535-543
    • Galley, C.1    Bytebier, B.2    Bellstedt, D.U.3    Linder, H.P.4
  • 38
    • 33645212236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geographical affinities of the Cape flora, South Africa
    • Galley, C., and Linder, H. P. (2006). Geographical affinities of the Cape flora, South Africa. J. Biogeogr. 33, 236-250. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2005.01376.x
    • (2006) J. Biogeogr , vol.33 , pp. 236-250
    • Galley, C.1    Linder, H.P.2
  • 39
    • 44149090486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular phylogenetics of Alchemilla, Aphanes and Lachemilla (Rosaceae) inferred from plastid and nuclear intron and spacer DNA sequences, with comments on generic classification
    • Gehrke, B., Bräuchler, C., Romoleroux, K., Lundberg, M., Heubl, G., and Eriksson, T. (2008). Molecular phylogenetics of Alchemilla, Aphanes and Lachemilla (Rosaceae) inferred from plastid and nuclear intron and spacer DNA sequences, with comments on generic classification. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 47, 1030-1044. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2008.03.004
    • (2008) Mol. Phylogenet. Evol , vol.47 , pp. 1030-1044
    • Gehrke, B.1    Bräuchler, C.2    Romoleroux, K.3    Lundberg, M.4    Heubl, G.5    Eriksson, T.6
  • 40
    • 67650465986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The scramble for Africa: pan-temperate elements on the African high mountains
    • Gehrke, B., and Linder, H. P. (2009). The scramble for Africa: pan-temperate elements on the African high mountains. Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. 276, 2657-2665. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2009.0334
    • (2009) Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci , vol.276 , pp. 2657-2665
    • Gehrke, B.1    Linder, H.P.2
  • 41
    • 0000932841 scopus 로고
    • An analysis of the flora of southern Africa: its characteristics, relationships, and origins
    • Goldblatt, P. (1978). An analysis of the flora of southern Africa: its characteristics, relationships, and origins. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 65, 369-436. doi: 10.2307/2398858
    • (1978) Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard , vol.65 , pp. 369-436
    • Goldblatt, P.1
  • 42
    • 0030618325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Floristic diversity in the Cape Flora of South Africa
    • Goldblatt, P. (1997). Floristic diversity in the Cape Flora of South Africa. Biodivers. Conserv. 6, 359-377. doi: 10.1023/A:1018360607299
    • (1997) Biodivers. Conserv , vol.6 , pp. 359-377
    • Goldblatt, P.1
  • 44
    • 0035784157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What do we really know about the Afromontane archipelago
    • Grimshaw, J. M. (2001). What do we really know about the Afromontane archipelago. Syst. Geogr. Plants 71, 949-957. doi: 10.2307/3668730
    • (2001) Syst. Geogr. Plants , vol.71 , pp. 949-957
    • Grimshaw, J.M.1
  • 45
    • 0026351632 scopus 로고
    • Cladistic biogeography of Afromontane spiders
    • Griswold, C. E. (1991). Cladistic biogeography of Afromontane spiders. Aust. Syst. Bot. 4, 73-89. doi: 10.1071/SB9910073
    • (1991) Aust. Syst. Bot , vol.4 , pp. 73-89
    • Griswold, C.E.1
  • 47
    • 0002813297 scopus 로고
    • Afro-alpine vascular plants. A taxonomic revision
    • Hedberg, O. (1957). Afro-alpine vascular plants. A taxonomic revision. Symb. Bot. Ups. 15, 1-411
    • (1957) Symb. Bot. Ups , vol.15 , pp. 1-411
    • Hedberg, O.1
  • 48
    • 0000439152 scopus 로고
    • Afroalpine flora elements
    • Hedberg, O. (1965). Afroalpine flora elements. Webbia 19, 519-529
    • (1965) Webbia , vol.19 , pp. 519-529
    • Hedberg, O.1
  • 49
    • 0034546505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pontechium: a new genus distinct from Echium and Lobostemon (Boraginaceae)
    • Hilger, H. H., and Böhle, U.-R. (2000). Pontechium: a new genus distinct from Echium and Lobostemon (Boraginaceae). Taxon 49, 737-746. doi: 10.2307/1223974
    • (2000) Taxon , vol.49 , pp. 737-746
    • Hilger, H.H.1    Böhle, U.-R.2
  • 51
    • 84889037568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of fire in Miocene to Pliocene C-4 grassland and ecosystem evolution
    • Hoetzel, S., Dupont, L., Schefuss, E., Rommerskirchen, F., and Wefer, G. (2013). The role of fire in Miocene to Pliocene C-4 grassland and ecosystem evolution. Nat. Geosci. 6, 1027-1030. doi: 10.1038/ngeo1984
    • (2013) Nat. Geosci , vol.6 , pp. 1027-1030
    • Hoetzel, S.1    Dupont, L.2    Schefuss, E.3    Rommerskirchen, F.4    Wefer, G.5
  • 52
    • 79251551376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A dated phylogeny and collection records reveal repeated biome shifts in the African genus Coccinia (Cucurbitaceae)
    • Holstein, N., and Renner, S. S. (2011). A dated phylogeny and collection records reveal repeated biome shifts in the African genus Coccinia (Cucurbitaceae). BMC Evol. Biol. 11:28. doi: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-28
    • (2011) BMC Evol. Biol , vol.11 , pp. 28
    • Holstein, N.1    Renner, S.S.2
  • 53
    • 84858082177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetics and the evolution of major structural characters in the giant genus Euphorbia L. (Euphorbiaceae)
    • Horn, J. W., Van Ee, B. W., Morawetz, J. J., Riina, R., Steinmann, V. W., Berry, P. E., et al. (2012). Phylogenetics and the evolution of major structural characters in the giant genus Euphorbia L. (Euphorbiaceae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 63, 305-326. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2011.12.022
    • (2012) Mol. Phylogenet. Evol , vol.63 , pp. 305-326
    • Horn, J.W.1    Van Ee, B.W.2    Morawetz, J.J.3    Riina, R.4    Steinmann, V.W.5    Berry, P.E.6
  • 54
    • 84855346918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eocene monsoons
    • Huber, M., and Goldner, A. (2012). Eocene monsoons. J. Asian Earth Sci. 44, 3-23. doi: 10.1016/j.jseaes.2011.09.014
    • (2012) J. Asian Earth Sci , vol.44 , pp. 3-23
    • Huber, M.1    Goldner, A.2
  • 55
    • 4644275466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eocene dry climate and woodland vegetation in tropical Africa reconstructed from fossil leaves from northern Tanzania
    • Jacobs, B. F., and Herendeen, P. S. (2004). Eocene dry climate and woodland vegetation in tropical Africa reconstructed from fossil leaves from northern Tanzania. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 213, 115-123. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2004.07.007
    • (2004) Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol , vol.213 , pp. 115-123
    • Jacobs, B.F.1    Herendeen, P.S.2
  • 56
    • 0032792753 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origin of grass-dominated ecosystems
    • Jacobs, B. F., Kingston, J. D., and Jacobs, L. L. (1999). The origin of grass-dominated ecosystems. Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 86, 590-643. doi: 10.2307/2666186
    • (1999) Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard , vol.86 , pp. 590-643
    • Jacobs, B.F.1    Kingston, J.D.2    Jacobs, L.L.3
  • 57
    • 0030618342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Floristic biodiversity and history of African arid regions
    • Jürgens, N. (1997). Floristic biodiversity and history of African arid regions. Biodivers. Conserv. 6, 495-514. doi: 10.1023/A:1018325026863
    • (1997) Biodivers. Conserv , vol.6 , pp. 495-514
    • Jürgens, N.1
  • 58
    • 67249107949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A global assessment of endemism and species richness across island and mainland regions
    • Kier, G., Kreft, H., Lee, T. M., Jetz, W., Ibisch, P. L., Nowicki, C., et al. (2009). A global assessment of endemism and species richness across island and mainland regions. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106, 9322-9327. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0810306106
    • (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A , vol.106 , pp. 9322-9327
    • Kier, G.1    Kreft, H.2    Lee, T.M.3    Jetz, W.4    Ibisch, P.L.5    Nowicki, C.6
  • 59
    • 0001662396 scopus 로고
    • 'The Afro-alpine region'
    • ed. M. J. A. Werger (The Hague: Junk)
    • Killick, D. J. B. (1978). "The Afro-alpine region". in Biogeography and Ecology of Southern Africa, ed M. J. A. Werger (The Hague: Junk), 515-560. doi: 10.1007/978-94-009-9951-0_12
    • (1978) Biogeography and Ecology of Southern Africa , pp. 515-560
    • Killick, D.J.B.1
  • 60
    • 0346458532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unmatched tempo of evolution in Southern African semi-desert ice plants
    • Klak, C., Reeves, G., and Hedderson, T. A. (2004). Unmatched tempo of evolution in Southern African semi-desert ice plants. Nature 427, 63-65. doi: 10.1038/nature02243
    • (2004) Nature , vol.427 , pp. 63-65
    • Klak, C.1    Reeves, G.2    Hedderson, T.A.3
  • 61
    • 33947701669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Floristics of the angiosperm flora of sub-Saharan Africa: an analysis of the African plant checklist and database
    • Klopper, R. R., Gautier, L., Chatelain, C., Smith, G. F., and Spichiger, R. (2007). Floristics of the angiosperm flora of sub-Saharan Africa: an analysis of the African plant checklist and database. Taxon 56, 201-208
    • (2007) Taxon , vol.56 , pp. 201-208
    • Klopper, R.R.1    Gautier, L.2    Chatelain, C.3    Smith, G.F.4    Spichiger, R.5
  • 62
    • 33751037598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inventory of the African flora: a world first for the forgotten continent
    • Klopper, R. R., Gautier, L., Smith, G. F., Spichiger, R., and Chatelain, C. (2006). Inventory of the African flora: a world first for the forgotten continent. S. Afr. J. Sci. 102, 185-186
    • (2006) S. Afr. J. Sci , vol.102 , pp. 185-186
    • Klopper, R.R.1    Gautier, L.2    Smith, G.F.3    Spichiger, R.4    Chatelain, C.5
  • 63
    • 33644763932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three times out of Asia Minor: the phylogeography of Arabis alpina L. (Brassicaceae)
    • Koch, M. A., Kiefer, C., Ehrich, D., Vogel, J., Brochmann, C., and Mummenhoff, K. (2006). Three times out of Asia Minor: the phylogeography of Arabis alpina L. (Brassicaceae). Mol. Ecol. 15, 825-839. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2005.02848.x
    • (2006) Mol. Ecol , vol.15 , pp. 825-839
    • Koch, M.A.1    Kiefer, C.2    Ehrich, D.3    Vogel, J.4    Brochmann, C.5    Mummenhoff, K.6
  • 64
    • 77958180011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A framework for delineating biogeographical regions based on species distributions
    • Kreft, H., and Jetz, W. (2010). A framework for delineating biogeographical regions based on species distributions. J. Biogeogr. 37, 2029-2053. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2010.02375.x
    • (2010) J. Biogeogr , vol.37 , pp. 2029-2053
    • Kreft, H.1    Jetz, W.2
  • 66
    • 33646483848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deficiency in African plant distribution data-missing pieces of the puzzle
    • Küper, W., Sommer, J. H., Lovett, J. C., and Barthlott, W. (2006). Deficiency in African plant distribution data-missing pieces of the puzzle. Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 150, 355-368. doi: 10.1111/j.1095-8339.2006.00494.x
    • (2006) Bot. J. Linn. Soc , vol.150 , pp. 355-368
    • Küper, W.1    Sommer, J.H.2    Lovett, J.C.3    Barthlott, W.4
  • 67
    • 8144223745 scopus 로고
    • Possible antarctic elements in the South African flora
    • Levyns, M. R. (1962). Possible antarctic elements in the South African flora. S. Afr. J. Sci. 58, 237-241
    • (1962) S. Afr. J. Sci , vol.58 , pp. 237-241
    • Levyns, M.R.1
  • 68
    • 84948635501 scopus 로고
    • Presidential address, migrations and origin of the Cape flora
    • Levyns, M. R. (1964). Presidential address, migrations and origin of the Cape flora. Tran. R. Soc. S. Afr. 37, 85-107. doi: 10.1080/00359196409519059
    • (1964) Tran. R. Soc. S. Afr , vol.37 , pp. 85-107
    • Levyns, M.R.1
  • 69
    • 0012120570 scopus 로고
    • On the relationship between the vegetation and floras of the Afromontane and the Cape regions of Africa
    • Linder, H. P. (1990). On the relationship between the vegetation and floras of the Afromontane and the Cape regions of Africa. Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg 23b, 777-790
    • (1990) Mitt. Inst. Allg. Bot. Hamburg , vol.23b , pp. 777-790
    • Linder, H.P.1
  • 70
    • 0004783538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Historical interpretation of the African phytochoria'
    • eds C. R. Huxley, J. M. Lock, and D. F. Cutler (Kew: Royal Botanical Gardens)
    • Linder, H. P. (1998). "Historical interpretation of the African phytochoria". in Chorology, Taxonomy and Ecology of the African and Madagascan Floras, eds C. R. Huxley, J. M. Lock, and D. F. Cutler (Kew: Royal Botanical Gardens), 67-86
    • (1998) Chorology, Taxonomy and Ecology of the African and Madagascan Floras , pp. 67-86
    • Linder, H.P.1
  • 71
    • 0034972930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant diversity and endemism in sub-Saharan tropical Africa
    • Linder, H. P. (2001). Plant diversity and endemism in sub-Saharan tropical Africa. J. Biogeogr. 28, 169-182. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2699.2001.00527.x
    • (2001) J. Biogeogr , vol.28 , pp. 169-182
    • Linder, H.P.1
  • 72
    • 0038158142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The radiation of the Cape flora, southern Africa
    • Linder, H. P. (2003). The radiation of the Cape flora, southern Africa. Biol. Rev. 78, 597-638. doi: 10.1017/S1464793103006171
    • (2003) Biol. Rev , vol.78 , pp. 597-638
    • Linder, H.P.1
  • 73
    • 27644529788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The evolution of diversity: the Cape flora
    • Linder, H. P. (2005). The evolution of diversity: the Cape flora. Trends Plant Sci. 10, 536-541. doi: 10.1016/j.tplants.2005.09.006
    • (2005) Trends Plant Sci , vol.10 , pp. 536-541
    • Linder, H.P.1
  • 74
    • 49649111177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant species radiations: where, when, why?
    • Linder, H. P. (2008). Plant species radiations: where, when, why? Philos. Trans. R. Soc. 363, 3097-3105. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2008.0075
    • (2008) Philos. Trans. R. Soc , vol.363 , pp. 3097-3105
    • Linder, H.P.1
  • 75
    • 84869882469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biotic modifiers, environmental modulation and species distribution models
    • Linder, H. P., Bykova, O., Dyke, J., Etienne, R. S., Hickler, T., Kühn, I., et al. (2012a). Biotic modifiers, environmental modulation and species distribution models. J. Biogeogr. 39, 2179-2190. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02705.x
    • (2012) J. Biogeogr , vol.39 , pp. 2179-2190
    • Linder, H.P.1    Bykova, O.2    Dyke, J.3    Etienne, R.S.4    Hickler, T.5    Kühn, I.6
  • 76
    • 84862651583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The partitioning of Africa: statistically defined biogeographical regions in sub-Saharan Africa
    • Linder, H. P., De Klerk, H. M., Born, J., Burgess, N. D., Fjeldså, J., and Rahbek, C. (2012b). The partitioning of Africa: statistically defined biogeographical regions in sub-Saharan Africa. J. Biogeogr. 39, 1189-1205. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02728.x
    • (2012) J. Biogeogr , vol.39 , pp. 1189-1205
    • Linder, H.P.1    De Klerk, H.M.2    Born, J.3    Burgess, N.D.4    Fjeldså, J.5    Rahbek, C.6
  • 77
    • 33645203928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A numerical re-evaluation of the sub-Saharan phytochoria of mainland Africa
    • Linder, H. P., Lovett, J. C., Mutke, J., Barthlott, W., Jürgens, N., Rebelo, A. G., et al. (2005). A numerical re-evaluation of the sub-Saharan phytochoria of mainland Africa. Biol. Skr. 55, 229-252
    • (2005) Biol. Skr , vol.55 , pp. 229-252
    • Linder, H.P.1    Lovett, J.C.2    Mutke, J.3    Barthlott, W.4    Jürgens, N.5    Rebelo, A.G.6
  • 78
    • 0000902086 scopus 로고
    • 'Endemism and affinities of the Tanzanian montane forest flora'
    • eds P. Goldblatt and P. P. Lowry (St Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden)
    • Lovett, J. C. (1988). "Endemism and affinities of the Tanzanian montane forest flora". in Systematic studies in African botany, eds P. Goldblatt and P. P. Lowry (St Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden), 591-598
    • (1988) Systematic studies in African botany , pp. 591-598
    • Lovett, J.C.1
  • 79
    • 0002550157 scopus 로고
    • 'The botanical importance of the East Usambara forests in relation to other forests in Tanzania'
    • eds A. C. Hamilton and R. Bensted-Smith (Gland: IUCN)
    • Lovett, J. C. (1989). "The botanical importance of the East Usambara forests in relation to other forests in Tanzania". in Forest Conservation in the East Usambara Mountains, Tanzania, eds A. C. Hamilton and R. Bensted-Smith (Gland: IUCN), 207-212
    • (1989) Forest Conservation in the East Usambara Mountains, Tanzania , pp. 207-212
    • Lovett, J.C.1
  • 80
    • 0001905611 scopus 로고
    • 'Climatic history and forest distribution in eastern Africa'
    • eds J. C. Lovett and S. K. Wasser (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
    • Lovett, J. C. (1993a). "Climatic history and forest distribution in eastern Africa". in Biogeography and Ecology of the Rain Forests of Eastern Africa, eds J. C. Lovett and S. K. Wasser (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 23-29
    • (1993) Biogeography and Ecology of the Rain Forests of Eastern Africa , pp. 23-29
    • Lovett, J.C.1
  • 81
    • 0002473154 scopus 로고
    • 'Eastern Arc moist forest flora'
    • eds J. C. Lovett and S. K. Wasser (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press)
    • Lovett, J. C. (1993b). "Eastern Arc moist forest flora". in Biogeography and Ecology of the Rain Forests of Eastern Africa, eds J. C. Lovett and S. K. Wasser (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 33-55
    • (1993) Biogeography and Ecology of the Rain Forests of Eastern Africa , pp. 33-55
    • Lovett, J.C.1
  • 82
    • 0027142826 scopus 로고
    • Temperate and tropical floras in the mountains of Eastern Tanzania
    • Lovett, J. (1993c). Temperate and tropical floras in the mountains of Eastern Tanzania. Opera Bot. 121, 217-227
    • (1993) Opera Bot , vol.121 , pp. 217-227
    • Lovett, J.1
  • 84
    • 84883520686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1. The core Cape Flora. Pretoria: South African National Biodiversity Institute
    • Manning, J., and Goldblatt, P. (eds.). (2013). Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region. 1. The core Cape Flora. Pretoria: South African National Biodiversity Institute
    • (2013) Plants of the Greater Cape Floristic Region
    • Manning, J.1    Goldblatt, P.2
  • 85
    • 8144221799 scopus 로고
    • 'Das Kapland, insonderheit das Reich der Kapflora, das Waldgebiet und die Karroo, pflanzengeographisch dargestelt'
    • ed. C. Chun (Jena: Gustav Fischer)
    • Marloth, R. (1908). "Das Kapland, insonderheit das Reich der Kapflora, das Waldgebiet und die Karroo, pflanzengeographisch dargestelt". in Wissenschaffliche Ergebnisse der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer "Valdivia" 1898-1899, ed C. Chun (Jena: Gustav Fischer), 1-427
    • (1908) Wissenschaffliche Ergebnisse der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer "Valdivia" 1898-1899 , pp. 1-427
    • Marloth, R.1
  • 86
    • 15944361889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogenetic relationships of European and African Ericas
    • McGuire, A. F., and Kron, K. A. (2005). Phylogenetic relationships of European and African Ericas. Int. J. Plant Sci. 166, 311-318. doi: 10.1086/427478
    • (2005) Int. J. Plant Sci , vol.166 , pp. 311-318
    • McGuire, A.F.1    Kron, K.A.2
  • 87
    • 0027331357 scopus 로고
    • A palaeoecological perspective on the origin of Afromontane grasslands
    • Meadows, M. E., and Linder, H. P. (1993). A palaeoecological perspective on the origin of Afromontane grasslands. J. Biogeogr. 20, 345-355. doi: 10.2307/2845584
    • (1993) J. Biogeogr , vol.20 , pp. 345-355
    • Meadows, M.E.1    Linder, H.P.2
  • 88
    • 84867567262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogeny, biogeography and characters evolution of Dorstenia (Moraceae)
    • Misiewicz, T. M., and Zerega, N. C. (2012). Phylogeny, biogeography and characters evolution of Dorstenia (Moraceae). Edinb. J. Bot. 69, 413-440. doi: 10.1017/S096042861200025X
    • (2012) Edinb. J. Bot , vol.69 , pp. 413-440
    • Misiewicz, T.M.1    Zerega, N.C.2
  • 90
    • 0027388496 scopus 로고
    • Gramineae cuticle: a key indicator of Late Cenozoic climatic change in the Niger Delta
    • Morley, R. J., and Richards, K. (1993). Gramineae cuticle: a key indicator of Late Cenozoic climatic change in the Niger Delta. Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol. 77, 119-127. doi: 10.1016/0034-6667(93)90060-8
    • (1993) Rev. Palaeobot. Palynol , vol.77 , pp. 119-127
    • Morley, R.J.1    Richards, K.2
  • 91
    • 21244498475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of vascular plant diversity at continental to global scales
    • Mutke, J., and Barthlott, W. (2005). Patterns of vascular plant diversity at continental to global scales. Biol. Skr. 55, 521-531
    • (2005) Biol. Skr , vol.55 , pp. 521-531
    • Mutke, J.1    Barthlott, W.2
  • 93
    • 34548028002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The odd man out? Might climate explain the lower tree alpha-diversity of African rain forests relative to Amazonian rain forests?
    • Parmentier, I., Malhi, Y., Senterre, B., Whittaker, R. J., Alonso, A., Balinga, M. P. B., et al. (2007). The odd man out? Might climate explain the lower tree alpha-diversity of African rain forests relative to Amazonian rain forests? J. Ecol. 95, 1058-1071. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2745.2007.01273.x
    • (2007) J. Ecol , vol.95 , pp. 1058-1071
    • Parmentier, I.1    Malhi, Y.2    Senterre, B.3    Whittaker, R.J.4    Alonso, A.5    Balinga, M.P.B.6
  • 94
    • 0002079503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Macro-scale geomorphic evolution of southern Africa'
    • eds T. C. Partridge and R. R. Maud (Oxford: Oxford University Press)
    • Partridge, T. C., and Maud, R. R. (2000). "Macro-scale geomorphic evolution of southern Africa". in The Cenozoic of southern Africa, eds T. C. Partridge and R. R. Maud (Oxford: Oxford University Press), 3-18
    • (2000) The Cenozoic of southern Africa , pp. 3-18
    • Partridge, T.C.1    Maud, R.R.2
  • 95
    • 84890895681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A molecular phylogeny and classification of the largely succulent and mainly African Euphorbia subg. Athymalus (Euphorbiaceae)
    • Peirson, J. A., Bruyns, P. V., Riina, R., Morawetz, J. J., and Berry, P. E. (2013). A molecular phylogeny and classification of the largely succulent and mainly African Euphorbia subg. Athymalus (Euphorbiaceae). Taxon 62, 1178-1199. doi: 10.12705/626.12
    • (2013) Taxon , vol.62 , pp. 1178-1199
    • Peirson, J.A.1    Bruyns, P.V.2    Riina, R.3    Morawetz, J.J.4    Berry, P.E.5
  • 96
    • 0001731067 scopus 로고
    • A preliminary account of the plant ecology of the Chimanimani Mountains
    • Phipps, J. B., and Goodier, R. (1962). A preliminary account of the plant ecology of the Chimanimani Mountains. J. Ecol. 50, 291-391. doi: 10.2307/2257446
    • (1962) J. Ecol , vol.50 , pp. 291-391
    • Phipps, J.B.1    Goodier, R.2
  • 97
    • 8144225514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms and tempo of evolution in the African Guineo-Congolian rainforest
    • Plana, V. (2004). Mechanisms and tempo of evolution in the African Guineo-Congolian rainforest. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 359, 1585-1594. doi: 10.1098/rstb.2004.1535
    • (2004) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.359 , pp. 1585-1594
    • Plana, V.1
  • 98
    • 84872534348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Last Glacial Maximum distribution of South African subtropical thicket inferred from community distribution modelling
    • Potts, A. J., Hedderson, T. A., Franklin, J., and Cowling, R. M. (2013). The Last Glacial Maximum distribution of South African subtropical thicket inferred from community distribution modelling. J. Biogeogr. 40, 310-322. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2012.02788.x
    • (2013) J. Biogeogr , vol.40 , pp. 310-322
    • Potts, A.J.1    Hedderson, T.A.2    Franklin, J.3    Cowling, R.M.4
  • 99
    • 79955469717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • First phylogenetic and biogeographical study of the southern bluebells (Wahlenbergia, Campanulaceae)
    • Prebble, J. M., Cupido, C. N., Meudt, H. M., and Garnock-Jones, P. J. (2011). First phylogenetic and biogeographical study of the southern bluebells (Wahlenbergia, Campanulaceae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 59, 636-648. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2011.03.013
    • (2011) Mol. Phylogenet. Evol , vol.59 , pp. 636-648
    • Prebble, J.M.1    Cupido, C.N.2    Meudt, H.M.3    Garnock-Jones, P.J.4
  • 100
    • 56549084191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the Afromontane centre of endemism: Kniphofia Moench (Asphodelaceae) as a floristic indicator
    • Ramdhani, S., Barker, N. P., and Baijnath, H. (2008). Exploring the Afromontane centre of endemism: Kniphofia Moench (Asphodelaceae) as a floristic indicator. J. Biogeogr. 35, 2258-2273. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2008.01982.x
    • (2008) J. Biogeogr , vol.35 , pp. 2258-2273
    • Ramdhani, S.1    Barker, N.P.2    Baijnath, H.3
  • 101
    • 77955676712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phylogeography of Schotia (Fabaceae): recent evolutionary processes in an ancient thicket biome lineage
    • Ramdhani, S., Cowling, R. M., and Barker, N. P. (2010). Phylogeography of Schotia (Fabaceae): recent evolutionary processes in an ancient thicket biome lineage. Int. J. Plant Sci. 171, 626-640. doi: 10.1086/653133
    • (2010) Int. J. Plant Sci , vol.171 , pp. 626-640
    • Ramdhani, S.1    Cowling, R.M.2    Barker, N.P.3
  • 102
    • 84863304598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2.15.2 GUI 1.53 Edn. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing
    • R Development Core Team (2012). R: A language and environment for statistical computing. 2.15.2 GUI 1.53 Edn. Vienna: R Foundation for Statistical Computing
    • (2012) R: A language and environment for statistical computing
  • 103
    • 4944250824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plant dispersal across the tropical Atlantic by wind and sea currents
    • Renner, S. S. (2004). Plant dispersal across the tropical Atlantic by wind and sea currents. Int. J. Plant Sci. (Suppl.) 165, S23-S33. doi: 10.1086/383334
    • (2004) Int. J. Plant Sci. (Suppl.) , vol.165 , pp. S23-S33
    • Renner, S.S.1
  • 104
    • 84876562974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A worldwide molecular phylogeny and classification of the leafy spurges, Euphorbia subgenus Esula (Euphorbiaceae)
    • Riina, R., Peirson, J. A., Geltman, D. V., Molero, J., Frajman, B., Pahlevani, A., et al. (2013). A worldwide molecular phylogeny and classification of the leafy spurges, Euphorbia subgenus Esula (Euphorbiaceae). Taxon 62, 316-342. doi: 10.12705/622.3
    • (2013) Taxon , vol.62 , pp. 316-342
    • Riina, R.1    Peirson, J.A.2    Geltman, D.V.3    Molero, J.4    Frajman, B.5    Pahlevani, A.6
  • 105
    • 4944243506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Did Crypteroniaceae really disperse out of India?. Molecular dating evidence from rbcL, ndhF, and rpl16 intron sequences
    • Rutschmann, F., Eriksson, T., Schönenberger, J., and Conti, E. (2004). Did Crypteroniaceae really disperse out of India? Molecular dating evidence from rbcL, ndhF, and rpl16 intron sequences. Int. J. Plant Sci. Suppl. 165, S69-S83. doi: 10.1086/383335
    • (2004) Int. J. Plant Sci. Suppl , vol.165 , pp. S69-S83
    • Rutschmann, F.1    Eriksson, T.2    Schönenberger, J.3    Conti, E.4
  • 106
    • 77958450535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bayesian island biogeography in a continental setting: the Rand Flora case
    • Sanmartin, I., Lisa Anderson, C., Alarcon, M., Ronquist, F., and Jose Aldasoro, J. (2010). Bayesian island biogeography in a continental setting: the Rand Flora case. Biol. Lett. 6, 703-707. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2010.0095
    • (2010) Biol. Lett , vol.6 , pp. 703-707
    • Sanmartin, I.1    Lisa Anderson, C.2    Alarcon, M.3    Ronquist, F.4    Jose Aldasoro, J.5
  • 107
    • 64149107353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using fossils and molecular data to reveal the origins of the Cape proteas (subfamily Proteoideae)
    • Sauquet, H., Weston, P. H., Barker, N. P., Anderson, C. L., Cantrill, D. J., and Savolainen, V. (2009). Using fossils and molecular data to reveal the origins of the Cape proteas (subfamily Proteoideae). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 51, 31-43. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2008.12.013
    • (2009) Mol. Phylogenet. Evol , vol.51 , pp. 31-43
    • Sauquet, H.1    Weston, P.H.2    Barker, N.P.3    Anderson, C.L.4    Cantrill, D.J.5    Savolainen, V.6
  • 108
    • 84874699684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strong rocks sustain ancient postorogenic topography in southern Africa
    • Scharf, T. E., Codilean, A. T., De Wit, M., Jansen, J. D., and Kubik, P. W. (2013). Strong rocks sustain ancient postorogenic topography in southern Africa. Geology 41, 331-334. doi: 10.1130/G33806.1
    • (2013) Geology , vol.41 , pp. 331-334
    • Scharf, T.E.1    Codilean, A.T.2    De Wit, M.3    Jansen, J.D.4    Kubik, P.W.5
  • 109
    • 17444381836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global distribution patterns of the Leguminosae: insights from recent phylogenies
    • Schrire, B. D., Lavin, M., and Lewis, G. P. (2005a). Global distribution patterns of the Leguminosae: insights from recent phylogenies. Biol. Skr. 55, 375-422
    • (2005) Biol. Skr , vol.55 , pp. 375-422
    • Schrire, B.D.1    Lavin, M.2    Lewis, G.P.3
  • 110
    • 29744441669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Biogeography of the Leguminosae'
    • eds G. P. Lewis, B. D. Schrire, B. Mackinder and J. M. Lock (Kew: The Royal Botanic Gardens)
    • Schrire, B. D., Lewis, G. P., and Lavin, M. (2005b). "Biogeography of the Leguminosae". in Legumes of the World, eds G. P. Lewis, B. D. Schrire, B. Mackinder and J. M. Lock (Kew: The Royal Botanic Gardens), 21-54
    • (2005) Legumes of the World , pp. 21-54
    • Schrire, B.D.1    Lewis, G.P.2    Lavin, M.3
  • 111
    • 0037022034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grassland development under glacial and interglacial conditions in southern Africa: review of pollen, phytolith and isotope evidence
    • Scott, L. (2002). Grassland development under glacial and interglacial conditions in southern Africa: review of pollen, phytolith and isotope evidence. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 177, 47-57. doi: 10.1016/S0031-0182(01)00351-0
    • (2002) Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol , vol.177 , pp. 47-57
    • Scott, L.1
  • 113
    • 0024258341 scopus 로고
    • Composition and origins of the world's tropicalpine floras
    • Smith, J. M. B., and Cleef, A. M. (1988). Composition and origins of the world's tropicalpine floras. J. Biogeogr. 15, 631-645. doi: 10.2307/2845441
    • (1988) J. Biogeogr , vol.15 , pp. 631-645
    • Smith, J.M.B.1    Cleef, A.M.2
  • 114
    • 84891656024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2, The Extra Cape Flora. Pretoria: South African National Biodiversity Institute
    • Snijman, D. A. (ed.). (2013). Plants of the Great Cape Floristic Region. 2: The Extra Cape Flora. Pretoria: South African National Biodiversity Institute
    • (2013) Plants of the Great Cape Floristic Region
    • Snijman, D.A.1
  • 115
    • 0001897399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 'Begonias and African rain forest refuges: general aspects and recent progress'
    • eds L. J. G. Van Der Maesen, X. M. Van Der Burgt, and J. M. Van Medenbach De Rooy. (Dordrecht: Kluwer)
    • Sosef, M. S. M. (1996). "Begonias and African rain forest refuges: general aspects and recent progress". in The Biodiversity of African Plants, eds L. J. G. Van Der Maesen, X. M. Van Der Burgt, and J. M. Van Medenbach De Rooy. (Dordrecht: Kluwer), 602-611
    • (1996) The Biodiversity of African Plants , pp. 602-611
    • Sosef, M.S.M.1
  • 117
    • 78650969571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Old-New World and trans-African disjunctions of Thamnosma (Rutaceae): intercontinental long-distance dispersal and local differentiation in the succulent biome
    • Thiv, M., Van Der Niet, T., Rutschmann, F., Thulin, M., Brune, T., and Linder, H. P. (2011). Old-New World and trans-African disjunctions of Thamnosma (Rutaceae): intercontinental long-distance dispersal and local differentiation in the succulent biome. Am. J. Bot. 98, 76-87. doi: 10.3732/ajb.1000339
    • (2011) Am. J. Bot , vol.98 , pp. 76-87
    • Thiv, M.1    Van Der Niet, T.2    Rutschmann, F.3    Thulin, M.4    Brune, T.5    Linder, H.P.6
  • 118
    • 0002284856 scopus 로고
    • 'Floristic relationships between tropical Africa and tropical America'
    • eds B. J. Meggers, A. S. Ayensu, and W. D. Duckworth (Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press)
    • Thorne, R. F. (1973). "Floristic relationships between tropical Africa and tropical America". in Tropical Forest Ecosystems in Africa and South America: A Comparative Review, eds B. J. Meggers, A. S. Ayensu, and W. D. Duckworth (Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press), 27-47
    • (1973) Tropical Forest Ecosystems in Africa and South America: A Comparative Review , pp. 27-47
    • Thorne, R.F.1
  • 119
    • 46049097340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking source and sink: evaluating the balance between onshore erosion and offshore sediment accumulation since Gondwana break-up, South Africa
    • Tinker, J., De Wit, M., and Brown, R. (2008a). Linking source and sink: evaluating the balance between onshore erosion and offshore sediment accumulation since Gondwana break-up, South Africa. Tectonophysics 455, 94-103. doi: 10.1016/j.tecto.2007.11.040
    • (2008) Tectonophysics , vol.455 , pp. 94-103
    • Tinker, J.1    De Wit, M.2    Brown, R.3
  • 120
    • 46049083791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mesozoic exhumation of the southern Cape, South Africa, quantified using apatite fission track thermochronology
    • Tinker, J., De Wit, M., and Brown, R. (2008b). Mesozoic exhumation of the southern Cape, South Africa, quantified using apatite fission track thermochronology. Tectonophysics 455, 77-93. doi: 10.1016/j.tecto.2007.10.009
    • (2008) Tectonophysics , vol.455 , pp. 77-93
    • Tinker, J.1    De Wit, M.2    Brown, R.3
  • 121
    • 34047182018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eocene vegetation patterns reconstructed from plant diversity-A global perspective
    • Utescher, T., and Mosbrugger, V. (2007). Eocene vegetation patterns reconstructed from plant diversity-A global perspective. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 247, 243-271. doi: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2006.10.022
    • (2007) Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol , vol.247 , pp. 243-271
    • Utescher, T.1    Mosbrugger, V.2
  • 123
    • 77949896685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversification of the African genus Protea (Proteaceae) in the Cape biodiversity hotspot and beyond: equal rates in different biomes
    • Valente, L. M., Reeves, G., Schnitzler, J., Mason, I. P., Fay, M. F., Rebelo, T. G., et al. (2010). Diversification of the African genus Protea (Proteaceae) in the Cape biodiversity hotspot and beyond: equal rates in different biomes. Evolution 64, 745-760. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.2009.00856.x
    • (2010) Evolution , vol.64 , pp. 745-760
    • Valente, L.M.1    Reeves, G.2    Schnitzler, J.3    Mason, I.P.4    Fay, M.F.5    Rebelo, T.G.6
  • 124
    • 79960300093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explaining disparities in species richness between Mediterranean floristic regions: a case study in Gladiolus (Iridaceae)
    • Valente, L. M., Savolainen, V., Manning, J. C., Goldblatt, P., and Vargas, P. (2011). Explaining disparities in species richness between Mediterranean floristic regions: a case study in Gladiolus (Iridaceae). Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. 20, 881-892. doi: 10.1111/j.1466-8238.2010.00644.x
    • (2011) Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr , vol.20 , pp. 881-892
    • Valente, L.M.1    Savolainen, V.2    Manning, J.C.3    Goldblatt, P.4    Vargas, P.5
  • 125
  • 126
    • 0012159631 scopus 로고
    • A new species of Leucadendron (Proteaceae) from Pondoland, with a discussion of its biogeography
    • Van Wyk, A. E. (1990). A new species of Leucadendron (Proteaceae) from Pondoland, with a discussion of its biogeography. S. Afr. J. Bot. 56, 458-466
    • (1990) S. Afr. J. Bot , vol.56 , pp. 458-466
    • Van Wyk, A.E.1
  • 128
    • 28844448928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phylogeny of the schoenoid sedges (Cyperaceae: Schoeneae) based on plastid DNA sequences, with special reference to the genera found in Africa
    • Verboom, G. A. (2006). A phylogeny of the schoenoid sedges (Cyperaceae: Schoeneae) based on plastid DNA sequences, with special reference to the genera found in Africa. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 38, 79-89. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2005.05.012
    • (2006) Mol. Phylogenet. Evol , vol.38 , pp. 79-89
    • Verboom, G.A.1
  • 129
    • 64149093105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin and diversification of the Greater Cape flora: ancient species repository, hot-bed of recent radiation, or both?
    • Verboom, G. A., Archibald, J. K., Bakker, F. T., Bellstedt, D. U., Conrad, F., Dreyer, L. L., et al. (2009). Origin and diversification of the Greater Cape flora: ancient species repository, hot-bed of recent radiation, or both? Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 51, 44-53. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2008.01.037
    • (2009) Mol. Phylogenet. Evol , vol.51 , pp. 44-53
    • Verboom, G.A.1    Archibald, J.K.2    Bakker, F.T.3    Bellstedt, D.U.4    Conrad, F.5    Dreyer, L.L.6
  • 130
    • 0001752921 scopus 로고
    • The arid corridor between the northeast and southwest areas of Africa
    • Verdcourt, B. (1969). The arid corridor between the northeast and southwest areas of Africa. Palaeoecol. Afr. 4, 140-144
    • (1969) Palaeoecol. Afr , vol.4 , pp. 140-144
    • Verdcourt, B.1
  • 132
    • 33750976679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Commiphora (Burseraceae) yields insight on the evolution and historical biogeography of an "impossible" genus
    • Weeks, A., and Simpson, B. B. (2007). Molecular phylogenetic analysis of Commiphora (Burseraceae) yields insight on the evolution and historical biogeography of an "impossible" genus. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 42, 62-79. doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2006.06.015
    • (2007) Mol. Phylogenet. Evol , vol.42 , pp. 62-79
    • Weeks, A.1    Simpson, B.B.2
  • 133
    • 23944482549 scopus 로고
    • Die Verbreitung einiger Afrikanisch-montanen Pflanzengruppen, I-II
    • Weimarck, H. (1933). Die Verbreitung einiger Afrikanisch-montanen Pflanzengruppen, I-II. Sven. Bot. Tidskr. 27, 400-419
    • (1933) Sven. Bot. Tidskr , vol.27 , pp. 400-419
    • Weimarck, H.1
  • 134
    • 23944465046 scopus 로고
    • Die Verbreitung einiger Afrikanisch-montanen Pflanzengruppen, III-IV
    • Weimarck, H. (1936). Die Verbreitung einiger Afrikanisch-montanen Pflanzengruppen, III-IV. Sven. Bot. Tidskr. 30, 36-56
    • (1936) Sven. Bot. Tidskr , vol.30 , pp. 36-56
    • Weimarck, H.1
  • 136
    • 0001513664 scopus 로고
    • The savanna woodlands of the Zambezian and Sudanian domains
    • White, F. (1965). The savanna woodlands of the Zambezian and Sudanian domains. Webbia 19, 651-681
    • (1965) Webbia , vol.19 , pp. 651-681
    • White, F.1
  • 137
    • 0001351589 scopus 로고
    • 'The afromontane region'
    • ed. M. J. A. Werger (The Hague: Junk)
    • White, F. (1978). "The afromontane region". in Biogeography and Ecology of Southern Africa, ed M. J. A. Werger (The Hague: Junk), 463-513. doi: 10.1007/978-94-009-9951-0_11
    • (1978) Biogeography and Ecology of Southern Africa , pp. 463-513
    • White, F.1
  • 138
    • 84990156631 scopus 로고
    • The history of the Afromontane archipelago and the scientific need for its conservation
    • White, F. (1981). The history of the Afromontane archipelago and the scientific need for its conservation. Afr. J. Ecol. 19, 33-54. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2028.1981.tb00651.x
    • (1981) Afr. J. Ecol , vol.19 , pp. 33-54
    • White, F.1
  • 140
    • 77955943232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence for middle Miocene uplift of the East African Plateau
    • Wichura, H., Bousquet, R., Oberhansli, R., Strecker, M. R., and Trauth, M. H. (2010). Evidence for middle Miocene uplift of the East African Plateau. Geology 38, 543-546. doi: 10.1130/G31022.1
    • (2010) Geology , vol.38 , pp. 543-546
    • Wichura, H.1    Bousquet, R.2    Oberhansli, R.3    Strecker, M.R.4    Trauth, M.H.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.