Age and diversity in old world succulent species of Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae)

Taxon

Volumn 60, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 1717-1733

  Bruyns, Peter V ^a   Klak, Cornelia ^a   Hanáček, Pavel ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN   (South Africa)

^b MENDEL UNIVERSITY IN BRNO   (Czech Republic)

Author keywords

Arabian Peninsula; DNA sequence data; Euphorbia; Macaronesia; Molecular dating; Old world; Phylogeny; Rand Flora; Socotra; Southern Africa

Indexed keywords

AGE CLASS; BIOLOGICAL INVASION; CAPE FLORISTIC REGION; CLADISTICS; DATING METHOD; DICOTYLEDON; DISPERSAL; EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY; GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION; GONDWANA; MOLECULAR ANALYSIS; PHYLOGENETICS; PHYLOGENY; SPECIES DIVERSITY; TAXONOMY;

AFRICA; ARABIAN PENINSULA; HADRAMAWT; MACARONESIA; SOCOTRA; YEMEN;

EID: 84455183725     PISSN: 00400262     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/tax.606016     Document Type: Article

References (73)

1. Akaike, H. 1974. A new look at the statistical model information. I.E.E.E. Trans. Automatic Control 19: 716-723.
2. Álvarez, I. & Wendel, J.F. 2003. Ribosomal ITS sequences and plant phylogenetic inference. Molec. Phylogenet. Evol. 29: 417-434.
3. Anderson, C.J., Channing, A. & Zamuner, A.B. 2009. Life, death and fossilization on Gran Canaria - implications for Macaronesian biogeography and molecular dating. J. Biogeogr. 1365-2699.
4. Andrus, N., Trusty, J., Santos-Guerra, A., Jansen, R.K. & Francisco-Ortega, J. 2004. Using molecular phylogenies to test phytogeographical links between East/South Africa-Southern Arabia and the Macaronesian islands - a review, and the case of Vierea and Pulicaria section Vieraeopsis (Asteraceae). Taxon 53: 333-346.
5. Arakaki, M., Christin, P.-A., Nyffeler, R., Lendel, A., Eggli, U., Ogburn, R.M., Spriggs, E, Moore, M.J. & Edwards, E.J. 2011. Contemporaneous and recent radiations of the world's major succulent plant lineages. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108: 8379-8384.
6. Axelrod, D.I. 1983. Biogeography of oaks in the Arcto-Tertiary Province. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 70: 629-657.
7. Bakker, F.T., Culham, A., Marais, E.M. & Gibby, M. 2005. Nested radiation in Cape Pelargonium. Pp. 75-100 in: Bakker, F.T., Chatrou, L.W., Gravendeel, B. & Pelser, P.B. (eds.), Plant species-level systematics. Ruggell, Liechtenstein: Gantner.
8. Bally, P.R.O. 1965. Miscellaneous notes on the flora of Tropical East Africa, including descriptions of new taxa, 23-28. Candollea 20: 13-41.
9. Barres, L., Vilatersana, R., Molero, J., Susanna, A. & Galbany- Casals, M. 2011. Molecular phylogeny of Euphorbia subg. Esula sect. Aphyllis (Euphorbiaceae) inferred from nrDNA and cpDNA markers with biogeographical insights. Taxon 60: 705-720.
10. Born, J., Linder, H.P. & Desmet, P. 2007. The Greater Cape Floristic Region. J. Biogeogr. 34: 147-162.
11. Bruyns, P.V. 2000. Euphorbia. Pp. 455-458 in: Goldblatt, P. & Manning, J. (eds.), Cape plants: A conspectus of the Cape flora of South Africa. Strelitzia 9. Cape Town: National Botanical Institute; St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Gardens.
12. Bruyns, P.V., Al-Farsi, A. & Hedderson, T. 2010. Phylogenetic relationships of Caralluma R. Br. (Apocynaceae), inferred from plastid and nuclear sequence-data. Taxon 59: 1031-1043.
13. Bruyns, P.V., Mapaya, R.J. & Hedderson, T. 2006. A new subgeneric classification for Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) in southern Africa based on ITS and psbA-trnH sequence data. Taxon 55: 397-420.
14. Carracedo, J.C., Day, S., Guillou, H., Rodriguez-Badiola, E., Canas, J.A. & Pérez-Torrado, F.J. 1998. Hotspot volcanism close to a passive continental margin: The Canary Islands. Geol. Mag. 135: 591-604.
15. Carter, S. 1988. Euphorbieae. Pp. 409-564 in: Polhill, R.M. (ed.), Flora of Tropical East Africa: Euphorbiaceae, part 2. Rotterdam: A.A. Balkema,.
16. Carter, S. 2002. Euphorbiaceae. Pp. 99-230 in: Eggli, U. (ed.), Illustrated handbook of succulent plants: Dicotyledons. Berlin: Springer.
17. Coetzee, J.A. 1980. Tertiary environmental changes along the southwestern African coast. Palaeontol. Afr. 23: 197-203.
18. Conti, E., Rutschmann, F., Erikson, T, Sytsma, K.J. & Baum, D.A. 2004. Calibration of molecular clocks and the biogeographic history of Crypteroniaceae: A reply to Moyle. Evolution 58: 1874-1876.
19. Cowling, R.M., Proches, S. & Vlok, J.H.J. 2005. On the origin of southern African tropical thicket vegetation. S. African J. Bot. 71: 1-23.
20. Davis, C.C., Webb, C.O., Wurdack, K.J., Jaramillo, C.A. & Donoghue, M.J. 2005. Explosive radiation of Malpighiales supports a mid-Cretaceous origin of modern tropical rain forests. Amer. Naturalist 165: E36-E65.
21. DeMenocal, P.B. 1995. Plio-Pleistocene African climate. Science 270: 53-59.
22. De Winter, B. 1971. Floristic relationship between the northern and southern arid areas in Africa. Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. München 10: 424-437.
23. Dilcher, D.L. & Manchester, S.R. 1988. Investigations of angiosperms from the Eocene of North America: A fruit belonging to the Euphorbiaceae. Tert. Res. 9: 45-58.
24. Edgell, H.S. 2006. Arabian deserts: Nature, origin and evolution. Dordrecht: Springer.
25. Farris, J.S., Albert, V.A., Källersjö, M., Lipscomb, D. & Kluge, A.G. 1996. Parsimony jack-knifing outperforms neighbor-joining. ladistics 12: 99-124.
26. Fleitmann, D., Matter, A., Burns, S.J., Al-Subbary, A. & Al-Anwah, M.A. 2004. Geology and Quaternary climate history of Socotra. Fauna of Arabia 20: 27-43.
27. Forster, P.I. 1987. Euphorbia sarcostemmoides J.H. Willis: A rare Australian endemic. Euphorbia J. 4: 123-130.
28. Frodin, D.G. 2004. History and concepts of big plant genera. Taxon 53: 753-776.
29. Graur, D. & Martin, W. 2004. Reading the entrails of chickens: Molecular timescales of evolution and the illusion of precision. Trends Genet. 20: 80-86.
30. Hedges, S.B. & Kumar, S. 2004. Precision of molecular time estimates. Trends Genet. 20: 242-247.
31. Hendey, Q.B. 1982. Langebaanweg: A record of past life. Cape Town: South African Museum.
32. Horn, J.W., Van Ee, B., Morawetz, J.J., Riina, R., Berry, P.E., Steinmann, V.W. & Wurdack, K.J. 2009. Phylogeny and evolution of growth forms in the giant genus Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) [Abstract]. www.2009botanyconference.org.
33. Huelsenbeck, J. & Ronquist, F. 2001. MRBAYES: Bayesian inference of phylogenetic trees. Bioinformatics 17: 754-755.
34. Jürgens, N. 1991. A new approach to the Namib region. Part 1. Phytogeographic subdivision. Vegetatio 97: 21-38.
35. Jürgens, N. 1997. Floristic biodiversity and history of African arid regions. Biodivers. & Conservation 6: 495-514.
36. Klak, C., Reeves, G. & Hedderson, T.A.J. 2004. Unmatched tempo of evolution in Southern African semi-desert ice plants. Nature 427: 63-65.
37. Leach, L.C. 1974. Euphorbiae succulentae Angolensis: IV. Garcia de Orta, Sér. Bot. 2: 31-54.
38. Leach, L.C. 1976. Distributional and morphological studies of the tribe Euphorbieae (Euphorbiaceae) and their relevance to its classification. Excelsa 6: 3-19.
39. Nicholas, K.B. & Nicholas, H.B., Jr. 1997. GeneDoc: A tool for editing and annotating multiple sequence alignments, version 2.6.002. Distributed by the authors. www.nrbsc.org/gfx/genedoc/index.html
40. Nyffeler, R. 2002. Phylogenetic relationships in the Cactus family (Cactaceae) based on evidence from trnK/matK and trnL-trnF sequences. Amer. J. Bot. 89: 312-326.
41. Park, K.-R. & Elisens, W.J. 2000. A phylogenetic study of tribe Euphorbieae (Euphorbiaceae). Int. J. Pl. Sci. 161: 425-434.
42. Park, K.-R. & Jansen, R.K. 2007. A phylogeny of Euphorbieae subtribe Euphorbiinae (Euphorbiaceae) based on molecular data. J. Pl. Biol. 50: 644-649.
43. Partridge, T.C. & Maud, R.R. 2000. Macro-scale geomorphic evolution of southern Africa. Pp. 3-18 in: Partridge, T.C. & Maud, R.R. (eds.), The Cenozoic of southern Africa. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
44. Pickford, M. & Senut, B. 2000. Geology and palaeobiology of the central and southern Namib Desert, southwestern Africa, vol. 1, Geology and history of study. Mem. Geol. Surv. Namibia 18: 1-155.
45. Poczai, P. & Hyvönen, J. 2010. Nuclear ribosomal spacer regions in plant phylogenetics: Problems and prospects. Molec. Biol. Rep. 37: 1897-1912.
46. Posada, D. & Crandall, K.A. 1998. Modeltest: Testing the model of DNA substitution. Bioinformatics 14: 817-818.
47. Puff, C. 1991. Euphorbia amplophylla: A striking tree from the Montane Evergreen Forests of Northeast and East Africa. Euphorbia J. 7: 60-64.
48. Rabinowitz, P.D., Coffin, M.F. & Falvey, D. 1983. The separation of Madagascar and Africa. Science 220: 67-69.
49. Rapini, A., Van den Berg, C. & Liede-Schumann, S. 2007. Diversification of Asclepiadoideae (Apocynaceae) in the New World. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 94: 407-422
50. Raven, P.H. & Axelrod, D.J. 1974. Angiosperm biogeography and past continental movements. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 61: 539-657.
51. Renner, S. 2004. Plant dispersal across the tropical Atlantic by wind and sea currents. Int. J. Pl. Sci. 165, Suppl.: 523-533.
52. Rutschmann, F. 2004. Bayesian molecular dating using PAML/Multidivtime: A step-by-step manual. University of Zürich, Switzerland. http://www.plant.ch.
53. Sanmartin, I., Anderson, C.L., Alarcon, M., Ronquist, F. & Aldasoro, J.J. 2010. Bayesian island biogeography in a continental setting: The Rand Flora case. Biol. Lett. 6: 703-707.
54. Schrire, B.D., Lavin, M. & Lewis, G.P. 2005. Global distribution patterns of the Leguminosae: Insights from recent phylogenies. Biol. Skr. 55: 375-422.
55. Siesser, W. G. 1980. Late Miocene origin of the Benguela upswelling system off northern Namibia. Science 208: 283-285.
56. Simmons, M. & Ochoterena, H. 2000. Gaps as characters in sequences- based phylogenetic analyses. Syst. Biol. 49: 369-381.
57. Steinmann, V.W. 2003. The submersion of Pedilanthus into Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae). Acta Bot. Mex. 65: 45-50.
58. Steinmann, V.W. & Porter, J.M. 2002. Phylogenetic relationships in Euphorbieae (Euphorbiaceae) based on ITS and ndhF sequence data. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 89: 453-490.
59. Steinmann, V.W., Van Ee, B., Berry, P.E. & Gutiérrez, J. 2007. The systematic position of Cubanthus and other shrubby endemic species of Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) in Cuba. Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 64: 123-133.
60. Swofford, D.L. 2002. PAUP*: Phylogenetic analysis using parsimony (*and other methods), version 4.0 beta 10. Sunderland, Massachusetts: Sinauer.
61. Taberlet, P., Gielly, L., Pautou, G. & Bouvet, J. 1991. Universal primers for amplification of three non-coding regions of chloroplast DNA. Pl. Molec. Biol. 17: 1105-1109.
62. Thiv, M., Thulin, M., Hjertson, M., Kropf, M. & Linder, H.P. 2010. Evidence for a vicariant origin of Macaronesian-Eritreo/Arabian disjunctions in Campylanthus Roth (Plantaginaceae). Molec. Phylogenet. Evol. 54: 607-616.
63. Thorne, J.L. & Kishino, H. 2002. Divergence time and evolutionary rate estimation with multilocus data. Syst. Biol. 51: 689-702.
64. Thulin, M. 1994. Aspects of disjunct distributions and endemism in the arid parts of the Horn of Africa, particularly Somalia. Pp. 1105-1119 in: Seyani, J.H. & Chikuni, A.C. (eds.), Proceedings of the XIIIth Plenary Meeting of AETFAT. Zomba: National Herbarium and Botanic Gardens of Malawi.
65. Treutlein, J., Smith, G.F., Van Wyk, B.-E. & Wink, M. 2003. Phylogenetic relationships in Asphodelaceae (subfamily Alooideae) inferred from chloroplast DNA sequences (rbcL, matK) and from genomic fingerprinting (ISSR). Taxon 52: 193-207.
66. Van Damme, K. 2009. Socotra archipelago. Pp. 846-851 in: Gillespie, R.G. & Clague, D.A. (eds.), Encyclopedia of islands. London: University of California Press.
67. Van Ee, B.W., Berry, P.E., Riina, R. & Gutiérrez, A. 2008. Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of the Caribbean-centered Croton subgenus Moacroton (Euphorbiaceae s.s.). Bot. Rev. 74: 132-165.
68. Verdcourt, B. 1969. The arid corridor between the North-East and South-West areas of Africa. Palaeoecol. Africa 4: 140-144.
69. Ward, J.D. & Corbett, I. 1990. Towards an age for the Namib. Pp. 17-26 in: Seely, M.K. (ed.), Namib ecology: 25 years of Namib research. Transvaal Museum Monograph 7. Pretoria: Transvaal Museum.
70. White, A., Dyer, R.A. & Sloane, B.L. 1941. The succulent Euphorbieae (Southern Africa). Pasadena: Abbey Garden Press.
71. Wiens, J.J. 2003. Missing data, incomplete taxa, and phylogenetic accuracy. Syst. Biol. 52: 528-538.
72. Wikström, N., Savolainen, V. & Chase, M.W. 2001. Evolution of the angiosperms: Calibrating the family tree. Proc. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. B, Biol. Sci. 268: 2211-2220.
73. Zimmermann, N.F.A., Ritz, C.M. & Hellwig, F.H. 2010. Further support for the phylogenetic relationships within Euphorbia L. (Euphorbiaceae) from nrITS and trnL-trnF IGS sequence data. Pl. Syst. Evol. 286: 39-58.