메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 93, Issue , 2018, Pages 71-83

Assessment of novel tobacco heating product THP1.0. Part 7: Comparative in vitro toxicological evaluation

Author keywords

Ames; Bhas transformation assay; In vitro; Mouse lymphoma; Neutral red uptake; Tobacco heating products; TPM; Whole aerosol

Indexed keywords

CIGARETTE SMOKE; TOBACCO HEATING PRODUCT THP1.0; TOBACCO SMOKE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; MUTAGENIC AGENT;

EID: 85033499995     PISSN: 02732300     EISSN: 10960295     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.08.017     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (56)

References (60)
  • 2
    • 85002514484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of dosimetry tools for the assessment of e-cigarette aerosol and cigarette smoke generated on two different in vitro exposure systems
    • Adamson, J., Thorne, D., Zainuddin, B., Baxter, A., McAughey, J., Gaça, M., Application of dosimetry tools for the assessment of e-cigarette aerosol and cigarette smoke generated on two different in vitro exposure systems. Chem. Central J., 10, 2016, 74.
    • (2016) Chem. Central J. , vol.10 , pp. 74
    • Adamson, J.1    Thorne, D.2    Zainuddin, B.3    Baxter, A.4    McAughey, J.5    Gaça, M.6
  • 3
    • 0242365656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of in vitro methods to assess the biological activity of tobacco smoke with the aim of reducing the toxicology of smoke
    • Andreoli, C., Gigante, D., Nunziata, A., A review of in vitro methods to assess the biological activity of tobacco smoke with the aim of reducing the toxicology of smoke. Toxicol. Vitro 17 (2003), 587–594.
    • (2003) Toxicol. Vitro , vol.17 , pp. 587-594
    • Andreoli, C.1    Gigante, D.2    Nunziata, A.3
  • 5
    • 33746991732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Smoke generation inside a burning cigarette: modifying combustion to develop cigarettes that may be less hazardous to health
    • Baker, R.R., Smoke generation inside a burning cigarette: modifying combustion to develop cigarettes that may be less hazardous to health. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 32:4 (2006), 373–385.
    • (2006) Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. , vol.32 , Issue.4 , pp. 373-385
    • Baker, R.R.1
  • 6
    • 26844559073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the genotoxic and cytotoxic potential of mainstream whole smoke and smoke condensate from a cigarette containing a novel carbon filter
    • Bombick, D., Bombick, B., Ayres, P., Putnam, K., Avalos, J., Evaluation of the genotoxic and cytotoxic potential of mainstream whole smoke and smoke condensate from a cigarette containing a novel carbon filter. Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. 39 (1997), 11–17.
    • (1997) Fundam. Appl. Toxicol. , vol.39 , pp. 11-17
    • Bombick, D.1    Bombick, B.2    Ayres, P.3    Putnam, K.4    Avalos, J.5
  • 7
    • 79953261890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reduction of aldehydes and hydrogen cyanide yields in mainstream cigarette smoke using an amine functionalised ion exchange resin
    • Branton, P., McAdam, K., Winter, D., Liu, C., Duke, M., Proctor, C., Reduction of aldehydes and hydrogen cyanide yields in mainstream cigarette smoke using an amine functionalised ion exchange resin. Chem. Central J., 5, 2011, 15.
    • (2011) Chem. Central J. , vol.5 , pp. 15
    • Branton, P.1    McAdam, K.2    Winter, D.3    Liu, C.4    Duke, M.5    Proctor, C.6
  • 8
    • 84907969236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of a modified gaseous exposure system to the in vitro toxicological assessment of tobacco smoke toxicants
    • Breheny, D., Cunningham, F., Kilford, J., Payne, R., Dillon, D., Meredith, C., Application of a modified gaseous exposure system to the in vitro toxicological assessment of tobacco smoke toxicants. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 55:8 (2014), 662–672.
    • (2014) Environ. Mol. Mutagen. , vol.55 , Issue.8 , pp. 662-672
    • Breheny, D.1    Cunningham, F.2    Kilford, J.3    Payne, R.4    Dillon, D.5    Meredith, C.6
  • 9
    • 85018281317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative tumour promoting assessment of e-cigarettes and cigarettes using the in vitro Bhas 42 cell transformation assay
    • Breheny, D., Oke, O., Pant, K., Gaca, M., Comparative tumour promoting assessment of e-cigarettes and cigarettes using the in vitro Bhas 42 cell transformation assay. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 58 (2017), 190–198.
    • (2017) Environ. Mol. Mutagen. , vol.58 , pp. 190-198
    • Breheny, D.1    Oke, O.2    Pant, K.3    Gaca, M.4
  • 11
    • 84855188391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidance on a Strategy for Genotoxicity Testing of Chemical Substances
    • (Accessed 23 March 2017)
    • COM, Guidance on a Strategy for Genotoxicity Testing of Chemical Substances. 2011 https://cot.food.gov.uk/sites/default/files/cot/cotcomcocreport2011.pdf. (Accessed 23 March 2017)
    • (2011)
    • COM1
  • 12
    • 84863849065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of a novel tobacco process on the in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of cigarette smoke particulate matter
    • Combes, R., Scott, K., Dillon, D., Meredith, C., McAdam, K., Proctor, C., The effect of a novel tobacco process on the in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of cigarette smoke particulate matter. Toxicol. Vitro 360:6 (2012), 1022–1029.
    • (2012) Toxicol. Vitro , vol.360 , Issue.6 , pp. 1022-1029
    • Combes, R.1    Scott, K.2    Dillon, D.3    Meredith, C.4    McAdam, K.5    Proctor, C.6
  • 13
    • 84876713728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of cigarette smoke particulate matter with reduced toxicant yields
    • Combes, R., Scott, K., Crooks, I., Dillon, D., Meredith, C., McAdam, K., Proctor, C., The in vitro cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of cigarette smoke particulate matter with reduced toxicant yields. Toxicol. Vitro 27:5 (2013), 1533–1541.
    • (2013) Toxicol. Vitro , vol.27 , Issue.5 , pp. 1533-1541
    • Combes, R.1    Scott, K.2    Crooks, I.3    Dillon, D.4    Meredith, C.5    McAdam, K.6    Proctor, C.7
  • 14
    • 85041787581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Rationale and Strategy for Conducting in Vitro Toxicological Testing of Tobacco Smoke
    • (Accessed 23 March 2017)
    • CORESTA, The Rationale and Strategy for Conducting in Vitro Toxicological Testing of Tobacco Smoke. 2004 https://www.coresta.org/rationale-and-strategy-conducting-vitro-toxicology-testing-tobacco-smoke-29237.html. (Accessed 23 March 2017)
    • (2004)
    • CORESTA1
  • 15
    • 84872369418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of long term storage on tobacco smoke particulate matter in in vitro genotoxicity and cytotoxicity assays
    • Crooks, I., Dillon, D., Scott, K., Ballantyne, M., Meredith, C., The effect of long term storage on tobacco smoke particulate matter in in vitro genotoxicity and cytotoxicity assays. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 65:2 (2013), 196–200.
    • (2013) Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. , vol.65 , Issue.2 , pp. 196-200
    • Crooks, I.1    Dillon, D.2    Scott, K.3    Ballantyne, M.4    Meredith, C.5
  • 16
    • 0018367882 scopus 로고
    • Recommendations on data production and analysis using the Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity assay
    • De Serres, F., Shelby, M., Recommendations on data production and analysis using the Salmonella/microsome mutagenicity assay. Mutat. Res. 64 (1979), 159–165.
    • (1979) Mutat. Res. , vol.64 , pp. 159-165
    • De Serres, F.1    Shelby, M.2
  • 18
    • 0025271567 scopus 로고
    • Comparative studies on the genotoxic activity of mainstream smoke condensate from cigarettes which burn or only heat tobacco
    • Doolittle, D., Lee, C., Ivett, J., Mirsalis, J., Riccio, E., Ruud, C., Burger, G., Hayes, W., Comparative studies on the genotoxic activity of mainstream smoke condensate from cigarettes which burn or only heat tobacco. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 15 (1990), 93–105.
    • (1990) Environ. Mol. Mutagen. , vol.15 , pp. 93-105
    • Doolittle, D.1    Lee, C.2    Ivett, J.3    Mirsalis, J.4    Riccio, E.5    Ruud, C.6    Burger, G.7    Hayes, W.8
  • 20
    • 85041789395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of tobacco heating product THP1.0. Part 3: comprehensive chemical characterisation - harmful and potentially harmful aerosol emissions
    • (in this issue)
    • Forster, M., Fiebelkorn, S., Yurteri, C., Mariner, C., Liu, C., Wright, C., McAdam, K., Murphy, J., Proctor, C., Assessment of tobacco heating product THP1.0. Part 3: comprehensive chemical characterisation - harmful and potentially harmful aerosol emissions. Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol., 2017 (in this issue).
    • (2017) Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol.
    • Forster, M.1    Fiebelkorn, S.2    Yurteri, C.3    Mariner, C.4    Liu, C.5    Wright, C.6    McAdam, K.7    Murphy, J.8    Proctor, C.9
  • 21
    • 1542755252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of in vitro toxicities of cigarette smoke condensate from Eclipse cigarettes and four commercially available ultra low-“tar” cigarettes
    • Foy, D., Bombick, B., Bombick, D., Doolittle, D., Mosberg, A., Swauger, J., A comparison of in vitro toxicities of cigarette smoke condensate from Eclipse cigarettes and four commercially available ultra low-“tar” cigarettes. Food Chem. Toxicol. 42 (2004), 237–243.
    • (2004) Food Chem. Toxicol. , vol.42 , pp. 237-243
    • Foy, D.1    Bombick, B.2    Bombick, D.3    Doolittle, D.4    Mosberg, A.5    Swauger, J.6
  • 23
    • 17644407588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determination of “Tar” Nicotine and Carbon Monoxide in Mainstream Tobacco Smoke
    • Health Canada Official Method T-115, Determination of “Tar” Nicotine and Carbon Monoxide in Mainstream Tobacco Smoke. Dec 1999.
    • (1999)
    • Health Canada Official Method T-1151
  • 24
    • 85009745416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulations amending the tobacco reporting regulations
    • (Accessed 23 March 2017)
    • Health Canada, Regulations amending the tobacco reporting regulations. http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/hc-ps/tobac-tabac/legislation/reg/indust/method/tox-eng.php, 2005. (Accessed 23 March 2017)
    • (2005)
    • Health Canada1
  • 26
    • 84875700070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidance on Genotoxicity Testing and Data Interpretation for Pharmaceuticals Intended for Human Use
    • (Accessed 23 March 2017)
    • ICH-S2R1, Guidance on Genotoxicity Testing and Data Interpretation for Pharmaceuticals Intended for Human Use. 2011 http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/dhp-mps/prodpharma/applic-demande/guide-ld/ich/securit/s2r1-step4etape-eng.php. (Accessed 23 March 2017)
    • (2011)
    • ICH-S2R11
  • 27
    • 84859851698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scientific Standards for Studies on Modified Risk Tobacco Products
    • National Academies Press Washington, DC
    • Institute of Medicine, Scientific Standards for Studies on Modified Risk Tobacco Products. 2011, National Academies Press, Washington, DC.
    • (2011)
    • Institute of Medicine1
  • 28
    • 84975105604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing the mutagenic activities of smoke from different cigarettes in direct exposure experiments using the modified Ames Salmonella assay
    • Ishikawa, S., Kanermaru, Y., Nara, H., Erami, K., Nagata, Y., Assessing the mutagenic activities of smoke from different cigarettes in direct exposure experiments using the modified Ames Salmonella assay. Mutat. Res. 803-804 (2016), 13–21.
    • (2016) Mutat. Res. , vol.803-804 , pp. 13-21
    • Ishikawa, S.1    Kanermaru, Y.2    Nara, H.3    Erami, K.4    Nagata, Y.5
  • 29
    • 84864220346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tobacco and tobacco products
    • ISO 3402:1999 (Accessed 23 March 2017)
    • ISO, 1999. ISO, Tobacco and tobacco products. Atmos. Cond. Test., 1999 ISO 3402:1999 http://www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=28324. (Accessed 23 March 2017)
    • (1999) Atmos. Cond. Test.
    • ISO, 1999. ISO,1
  • 30
    • 84901612719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A method for assessment of the genotoxicity of mainstream cigarette-smoke by use of the bacterial reverse-mutation assay and an aerosol-based exposure system
    • Kilford, J., Thorne, D., Payne, R., Dalrymple, A., Clements, J., Meredith, C., Dillon, D., A method for assessment of the genotoxicity of mainstream cigarette-smoke by use of the bacterial reverse-mutation assay and an aerosol-based exposure system. Mutat. Res. 769 (2014), 20–28.
    • (2014) Mutat. Res. , vol.769 , pp. 20-28
    • Kilford, J.1    Thorne, D.2    Payne, R.3    Dalrymple, A.4    Clements, J.5    Meredith, C.6    Dillon, D.7
  • 31
    • 41749101739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RNA interference (RNAi)induced suppression of nicotine demethylase activity reduces levels of a key carcinogen in cured tobacco leaves
    • Lewis, R., Jack, A., Morris, J., Robert, V., Gavilano, L., Siminszky, B., Bush, L., Hayes, A., Dewey, R., RNA interference (RNAi)induced suppression of nicotine demethylase activity reduces levels of a key carcinogen in cured tobacco leaves. Plant Biotechnol. J. 6 (2008), 346–354.
    • (2008) Plant Biotechnol. J. , vol.6 , pp. 346-354
    • Lewis, R.1    Jack, A.2    Morris, J.3    Robert, V.4    Gavilano, L.5    Siminszky, B.6    Bush, L.7    Hayes, A.8    Dewey, R.9
  • 34
    • 0020533372 scopus 로고
    • Revised methods for the Salmonella mutagenicity test
    • Maron, D., Ames, B., Revised methods for the Salmonella mutagenicity test. Mutat. Res. 113 (1983), 173–215.
    • (1983) Mutat. Res. , vol.113 , pp. 173-215
    • Maron, D.1    Ames, B.2
  • 35
    • 79958754579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of a novel tobacco substitute sheet and smoke dilution to reduce toxicant yields in cigarette smoke
    • McAdam, K., Gregg, E., Liu, C., Dittrich, D., Duke, M., Proctor, C., The use of a novel tobacco substitute sheet and smoke dilution to reduce toxicant yields in cigarette smoke. Food Chem. Toxicol. 49 (2001), 1684–1696.
    • (2001) Food Chem. Toxicol. , vol.49 , pp. 1684-1696
    • McAdam, K.1    Gregg, E.2    Liu, C.3    Dittrich, D.4    Duke, M.5    Proctor, C.6
  • 37
    • 84888416010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Test No 471: Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test, OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals
    • Test Guideline 471
    • OECD, Test No 471: Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test, OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals. Test Guideline 471, 1997 http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/environment/test-no-471-bacterial-reverse-mutation-test_9789264071247-en.
    • (1997)
    • OECD1
  • 38
    • 85006927152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Test No. 490: in Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Tests Using the Thymidine Kinase Gene
    • Test Guideline 490
    • OECD, Test No. 490: in Vitro Mammalian Cell Gene Mutation Tests Using the Thymidine Kinase Gene. Test Guideline 490, 2015 http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/environment/test-no-490-in-vitro-mammalian-cell-gene-mutation-tests-using-the-thymidine-kinase-gene_9789264242241-en.
    • (2015)
    • OECD1
  • 39
    • 84994472885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Test No 231: Guidance Document on the in Vitro Bhas 42 Cell Transformation Assay
    • Test no: 231. Series on Testing and Assessment. No. 231. Paris 2016.
    • OECD, Test No 231: Guidance Document on the in Vitro Bhas 42 Cell Transformation Assay. Test no: 231. Series on Testing and Assessment. No. 231. Paris. 2016, 2016 https://www.oecd.org/env/ehs/testing/ENV_JM_MONO(2016)1.pdf.
    • (2016)
    • OECD1
  • 41
    • 84873951617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formation of mainstream cigarette smoke constituents prioritized by the World Health Organization – yield patterns observed in market surveys, clustering and inverse correlations
    • Piadé J., Wajrock, S., Jaccard, G., Janeke, G., Formation of mainstream cigarette smoke constituents prioritized by the World Health Organization – yield patterns observed in market surveys, clustering and inverse correlations. Food Chem. Toxicol. 55 (2013), 329–347.
    • (2013) Food Chem. Toxicol. , vol.55 , pp. 329-347
    • Piadé, J.1    Wajrock, S.2    Jaccard, G.3    Janeke, G.4
  • 42
    • 84989833636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal decomposition behavior of tobacco stem Part I: TGA–FTIR–MS analysis
    • Polat, S., Apaydin-Varol, E., Pütün, A., Thermal decomposition behavior of tobacco stem Part I: TGA–FTIR–MS analysis. Energy sources. Part A 38:20 (2016), 3065–3072.
    • (2016) Energy sources. Part A , vol.38 , Issue.20 , pp. 3065-3072
    • Polat, S.1    Apaydin-Varol, E.2    Pütün, A.3
  • 43
    • 84989840842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermal decomposition behavior of tobacco stem Part II: kinetic analysis
    • 3073–3072
    • Polat, S., Apaydin-Varol, E., Pütün, A., Thermal decomposition behavior of tobacco stem Part II: kinetic analysis. Energy sources. Part A, 38(20), 2016 3073–3072.
    • (2016) Energy sources. Part A , vol.38 , Issue.20
    • Polat, S.1    Apaydin-Varol, E.2    Pütün, A.3
  • 44
    • 0003471821 scopus 로고
    • Chemical and Biological Studies: New Cigarette Prototype that Heat Instead of Burn Tobacco
    • R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co Winston-Salem, NC
    • R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, Chemical and Biological Studies: New Cigarette Prototype that Heat Instead of Burn Tobacco. 1988, R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Co, Winston-Salem, NC.
    • (1988)
    • R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company1
  • 45
    • 1842571575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxic chemicals in cigarette mainstream smoke - hazard and hoopla
    • Rodgman, A., Green, R., Toxic chemicals in cigarette mainstream smoke - hazard and hoopla. Beiträge zur Tab. Int. 20:8 (2014), 481–545.
    • (2014) Beiträge zur Tab. Int. , vol.20 , Issue.8 , pp. 481-545
    • Rodgman, A.1    Green, R.2
  • 48
    • 84875766056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The resolving power of in vitro genotoxicity assays for cigarette smoke particulate matter
    • Scott, K., Saul, J., Crooks, I., Camacho, O., Dillon, D., Meredith, C., The resolving power of in vitro genotoxicity assays for cigarette smoke particulate matter. Toxicol. Vitro 27 (2013), 1312–1319.
    • (2013) Toxicol. Vitro , vol.27 , pp. 1312-1319
    • Scott, K.1    Saul, J.2    Crooks, I.3    Camacho, O.4    Dillon, D.5    Meredith, C.6
  • 51
    • 0003989598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clearing the smoke: assessing the science base for tobacco harm reduction
    • National Academies Press Washington, DC
    • Stratton, K., Shetty, P., Wallace, R., Clearing the smoke: assessing the science base for tobacco harm reduction. Institute of Medicine, 2001, National Academies Press, Washington, DC.
    • (2001) Institute of Medicine
    • Stratton, K.1    Shetty, P.2    Wallace, R.3
  • 52
    • 85041777216 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Test Method Protocol for the BALB/c 3T3 NRU Cytotoxicity Test Method, Appendix C1
    • NIH publication No. 07–4519. November
    • The Interagency Coordinating Committee on the Validation of Alternative Methods (ICCVAM), Test Method Protocol for the BALB/c 3T3 NRU Cytotoxicity Test Method, Appendix C1. NIH publication No. 07–4519. November, 2006 https://ntp.niehs.nih.gov/pubhealth/evalatm/test-method-evaluations/acute-systemic-tox/in-vitro-validation/tmer/index.html.
    • (2006)
  • 53
    • 84885849228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of in vitro exposure systems
    • Thorne, D., Adamson, J., A review of in vitro exposure systems. Exp. Toxicol. Pathol. 65 (2013), 1183–1193.
    • (2013) Exp. Toxicol. Pathol. , vol.65 , pp. 1183-1193
    • Thorne, D.1    Adamson, J.2
  • 55
    • 84931331586 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mutagenic assessment of mainstream cigarette smoke using the Ames assay: a multi-strain approach
    • Thorne, D., Kilford, J., Hollings, M., Dalrymple, A., Ballantyne, M., Meredith, C., Dillon, D., The mutagenic assessment of mainstream cigarette smoke using the Ames assay: a multi-strain approach. Mutat. Res. 782 (2015), 9–17.
    • (2015) Mutat. Res. , vol.782 , pp. 9-17
    • Thorne, D.1    Kilford, J.2    Hollings, M.3    Dalrymple, A.4    Ballantyne, M.5    Meredith, C.6    Dillon, D.7
  • 56
    • 84999028769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The mutagenic assessment of an electronic-cigarette and cigarette smoke using the Ames assay in strains TA98 and TA100
    • Thorne, D., Crooks, I., Hollings, M., Seymour, A., Meredith, C., Gaça, M., The mutagenic assessment of an electronic-cigarette and cigarette smoke using the Ames assay in strains TA98 and TA100. Mutat. Res. 812 (2016), 29–38.
    • (2016) Mutat. Res. , vol.812 , pp. 29-38
    • Thorne, D.1    Crooks, I.2    Hollings, M.3    Seymour, A.4    Meredith, C.5    Gaça, M.6
  • 57
    • 84893235639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Health Consequences of Smoking 50 Years of Progress: a Report of the Surgeon General, 2014
    • Atlanta, USA (Accessed 23 March 2017)
    • US Department of Health and Human Services, The Health Consequences of Smoking 50 Years of Progress: a Report of the Surgeon General, 2014. Atlanta, USA, 2014 http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/reports/50-years-of-progress/index.html. (Accessed 23 March 2017)
    • (2014)
    • US Department of Health and Human Services1
  • 58
    • 77649176529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermogravimetric analysis of tobacco combustion assuming DAEM devolatilization and empirical char-burnoff kinetics
    • Várhegyi, G., Czégény, Z., Liu, C., McAdam, K., Thermogravimetric analysis of tobacco combustion assuming DAEM devolatilization and empirical char-burnoff kinetics. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 49 (2010), 1591–1599.
    • (2010) Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. , vol.49 , pp. 1591-1599
    • Várhegyi, G.1    Czégény, Z.2    Liu, C.3    McAdam, K.4
  • 60
    • 84888827144 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation method for the cytotoxicity of cigarette smoke by in vitro whole smoke exposure
    • Xiang, L., Cong, N., Pingping, S., Fuwei, X., Huimin, L., Jianping, X., Evaluation method for the cytotoxicity of cigarette smoke by in vitro whole smoke exposure. Exp. Toxicol. Pathology 66:1 (2014), 27–33.
    • (2014) Exp. Toxicol. Pathology , vol.66 , Issue.1 , pp. 27-33
    • Xiang, L.1    Cong, N.2    Pingping, S.3    Fuwei, X.4    Huimin, L.5    Jianping, X.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.