Review on the improvement of the photocatalytic and antibacterial activities of ZnO

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

Volumn 727, Issue , 2017, Pages 792-820

  Qi, Kezhen ^a,b   Cheng, Bei ^a   Yu, Jiaguo ^a,d   Ho, Wingkei ^c  

^a WUHAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (China)

^b SHENYANG NORMAL UNIVERSITY   (China)

^c THE EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF HONG KONG   (Hong Kong)

^d KING ABDULAZIZ UNIVERSITY   (Saudi Arabia)

Author keywords

Antibacterial; Modification; Photocatalytic degradation; ZnO

Indexed keywords

EID: 85028061009     PISSN: 09258388     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2017.08.142     Document Type: Review

References (361)

1. Gogate, P.R., Pandit, A.B., A review of imperative technologies for wastewater treatment I: oxidation technologies at ambient conditions. Adv. Environ. Res. 8 (2004), 501–551.
2. 2 reduction to solar fuel. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 6 (2015), 4244–4251.
3. 2 hexagonal nanosheet–graphene oxide composites. Appl. Surf. Sci. 332 (2015), 121–129.
4. Kumar, R.R., Ramesh, R., Synthesis, molecular structure and electrochemical properties of nickel(II) benzhydrazone complexes influence of ligand substitution on DNA/protein interaction, antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity. RSC Adv. 5 (2015), 101932–101948.
5. Li, X., Yu, J., Jaroniec, M., Hierarchical photocatalysts. Chem. Soc. Rev. 45 (2016), 2603–2636.
6. 6 with enhanced photocatalytic performance. Appl. Surf. Sci. 391 (2017), 194–201.
7. 3 nanosheets with exposed {001} facets for the degradation of organic pollutants. Appl. Surf. Sci. 371 (2016), 231–241.
8. Guo, Y., Lin, S., Li, X., Liu, Y., Amino acids assisted hydrothermal synthesis of hierarchically structured ZnO with enhanced photocatalytic activities. Appl. Surf. Sci. 384 (2016), 83–91.
9. Duo, S., Li, Y., Liu, Z., Zhong, R., Liu, T., Xu, H., Preparation of ZnO from 2 D nanosheets to diverse 1 D nanorods and their structure, surface area, photocurrent, optical and photocatalytic properties by simple hydrothermal synthesis. J. Alloys Compd. 695 (2017), 2563–2579.
10. 2 photocatalysis: mechanisms and materials. Chem. Rev. 114 (2014), 9919–9986.
11. Qi, K., Zasada, F., Piskorz, W., Indyka, P., Gryboś, J., Trochowski, M., Buchalska, M., Kobielusz, M., Macyk, W., Sojka, Z., Self-Sensitized photocatalytic degradation of colorless organic pollutants attached to rutile nanorods—experimental and theoretical DFT+D studies. J. Phys. Chem. C 120 (2016), 5442–5456.
12. 2 photocatalysts for the decomposition of formaldehyde in air. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 15 (2013), 16883–16890.
13. 2 heterostructure. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2016, 31175–31183.
14. 2 composite for generation, trapping, storing and dynamic vectorial transfer of photogenerated electrons across the Schottky junction in a photocatalytic system. Appl. Surf. Sci. 360 (2016), 601–622.
15. 2 reduction activity. Small 11 (2015), 5262–5271.
16. 2 composite catalysts. Catal. Today 225 (2014), 64–73.
17. Hong, Y., Zhang, J., Huang, F., Zhang, J., Wang, X., Wu, Z., Lin, Z., Yu, J., Enhanced visible light photocatalytic hydrogen production activity of CuS/ZnS nanoflower spheres. J. Mater. Chem. A 3 (2015), 13913–13919.
18. 3. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 138 (2016), 7816–7819.
19. 3 nanosheets. Appl. Surf. Sci. 412 (2017), 279–289.
20. 5) cocatalysts. Dalton Trans. 46 (2017), 1794–1802.
21. 4. Appl. Surf. Sci. 405 (2017), 359–371.
22. 2 generation: an insight into the trifunctional roles of nanocarbons. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 5 (2017), 2224–2236.
23. 4 photocatalyst. Appl. Surf. Sci. 391 (2017), 175–183.
24. 2: a novel heterojunction composite with outstanding photocatalytic and photoelectric performances. Mater. Lett. 166 (2016), 267–270.
25. He, R., Cao, S., Yu, J., Recent advances in morphology control and surface modification of Bi-Based photocatalysts. Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 32 (2016), 2841–2870.
26. Lee, K.M., Lai, C.W., Ngai, K.S., Juan, J.C., Recent developments of zinc oxide based photocatalyst in water treatment technology: a review. Water Res. 88 (2016), 428–448.
27. Cun, T., Dong, C., Huang, Q., Ionothermal precipitation of highly dispersive ZnO nanoparticles with improved photocatalytic performance. Appl. Surf. Sci. 384 (2016), 73–82.
28. Abbas, K.N., Bidin, N., Morphological driven photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanostructures. Appl. Surf. Sci. 394 (2017), 498–508.
29. Khademalrasool, M., Farbod, M., Iraji zad, A., Preparation of ZnO nanoparticles/Ag nanowires nanocomposites as plasmonic photocatalysts and investigation of the effect of concentration and diameter size of Ag nanowires on their photocatalytic performance. J. Alloys Compd. 664 (2016), 707–714.
30. Gancheva, M., Markova-Velichkova, M., Atanasova, G., Kovacheva, D., Uzunov, I., Cukeva, R., Design and photocatalytic activity of nanosized zinc oxides. Appl. Surf. Sci. 368 (2016), 258–266.
31. Wang, Z.L., Nanostructures of zinc oxide. Mater. Today 7 (2004), 26–33.
32. Hariharan, C., Photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants in water by ZnO nanoparticles: Revisited. Appl. Catal. A Gen. 304 (2006), 55–61.
33. Akyol, A., Yatmaz, H.C., Bayramoglu, M., Photocatalytic decolorization of remazol red RR in aqueous ZnO suspensions. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 54 (2004), 19–24.
34. Colón, G., Hidalgo, M.C., Navío, J.A., Pulido Melián, E., González Díaz, O., Doña Rodríguez, J.M., Highly photoactive ZnO by amine capping-assisted hydrothermal treatment. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 83 (2008), 30–38.
35. 2 and ZnO suspensions. Catal. Today 76 (2002), 235–246.
36. Mijin, D., Savić, M., Snežana, P., Smiljanić, A., Glavaški, O., Jovanović, M., Petrović, S., A study of the photocatalytic degradation of metamitron in ZnO water suspensions. Desalination 249 (2009), 286–292.
37. 2 photoanodes for dye-sensitized solar cells. ACS Nano 8 (2014), 2261–2268.
38. Anta, J.A., Guillén, E., Tena-Zaera, R., ZnO-based dye-sensitized solar cells. J. Phys. Chem. C 116 (2012), 11413–11425.
39. 2. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 162 (2004), 317–322.
40. 2 and ZnO catalysts. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 48 (2004), 101–111.
41. 2: challenges and opportunities. Energy Environ. Sci. 2 (2009), 1231–1257.
42. Shi, R., Yang, P., Song, X., Wang, J., Che, Q., Zhang, A., ZnO flower: self-assembly growth from nanosheets with exposed {1-100} facet, white emission, and enhanced photocatalysis. Appl. Surf. Sci. 366 (2016), 506–513.
43. Zhao, S.-W., Zuo, H.-F., Guo, Y.-R., Pan, Q.-J., Carbon-doped ZnO aided by carboxymethyl cellulose: fabrication, photoluminescence and photocatalytic applications. J. Alloys Compd. 695 (2017), 1029–1037.
44. Rooydell, R., Brahma, S., Wang, R.-C., Modaberi, M.R., Ebrahimzadeh, F., Liu, C.-P., Cu doped ZnO nanorods with controllable Cu content by using single metal organic precursors and their photocatalytic and luminescence properties. J. Alloys Compd. 691 (2017), 936–945.
45. Nasser, R., Othmen, W.B.H., Elhouichet, H., Férid, M., Preparation, characterization of Sb-doped ZnO nanocrystals and their excellent solar light driven photocatalytic activity. Appl. Surf. Sci. 393 (2017), 486–495.
46. Altintas Yildirim, O., Arslan, H., Sönmezoğlu, S., Facile synthesis of cobalt-doped zinc oxide thin films for highly efficient visible light photocatalysts. Appl. Surf. Sci. 390 (2016), 111–121.
47. Ansari, S.A., Khan, M.M., Ansari, M.O., Lee, J., Cho, M.H., Biogenic synthesis, photocatalytic, and photoelectrochemical performance of Ag–ZnO nanocomposite. J. Phys. Chem. C 117 (2013), 27023–27030.
48. Güy, N., Özacar, M., The influence of noble metals on photocatalytic activity of ZnO for Congo red degradation. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 41 (2016), 20100–20112.
49. Podasca, V.E., Buruiana, T., Buruiana, E.C., UV-cured polymeric films containing ZnO and silver nanoparticles with UV–vis light-assisted photocatalytic activity. Appl. Surf. Sci. 377 (2016), 262–273.
50. Sohrabnezhad, S., Seifi, A., The green synthesis of Ag/ZnO in montmorillonite with enhanced photocatalytic activity. Appl. Surf. Sci. 386 (2016), 33–40.
51. Low, J., Yu, J., Jaroniec, M., Wageh, S., Al-Ghamdi, A.A., Heterojunction photocatalysts. Adv. Mater., 29, 2017, 1601694.
52. Chang, Y.-C., Complex ZnO/ZnS nanocable and nanotube arrays with high performance photocatalytic activity. J. Alloys Compd. 664 (2016), 538–546.
53. 6 heterostructured sub-microbelts with excellent photocatalytic performance. J. Alloys Compd. 662 (2016), 598–606.
54. 4/ZnO ternary nanohybrid structures. J. Alloys Compd. 665 (2016), 107–112.
55. 2/ZnO heterojunctions. J. Alloys Compd. 688 (2016), 605–612.
56. Samadi, M., Shivaee, H.A., Zanetti, M., Pourjavadi, A., Moshfegh, A., Visible light photocatalytic activity of novel MWCNT-doped ZnO electrospun nanofibers. J. Mol. Catal. A Chem. 359 (2012), 42–48.
57. Xu, T., Zhang, L., Cheng, H., Zhu, Y., Significantly enhanced photocatalytic performance of ZnO via graphene hybridization and the mechanism study. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 101 (2011), 382–387.
58. 60. Environ. Sci. Technol. 42 (2008), 8064–8069.
59. Chen, T., Yu, S., Fang, X., Huang, H., Li, L., Wang, X., Wang, H., Enhanced photocatalytic activity of C@ZnO core-shell nanostructures and its photoluminescence property. Appl. Surf. Sci. 389 (2016), 303–310.
60. Yu, M., Ma, Y., Liu, J., Li, X., Li, S., Liu, S., Sub-coherent growth of ZnO nanorod arrays on three-dimensional graphene framework as one-bulk high-performance photocatalyst. Appl. Surf. Sci. 390 (2016), 266–272.
61. Bera, S., Pal, M., Naskar, A., Jana, S., Hierarchically structured ZnO-graphene hollow microspheres towards effective reusable adsorbent for organic pollutant via photodegradation process. J. Alloys Compd. 669 (2016), 177–186.
62. Ambika, S., Sundrarajan, M., Antibacterial behaviour of Vitex negundo extract assisted ZnO nanoparticles against pathogenic bacteria. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B 146 (2015), 52–57.
63. Panigrahi, J., Behera, D., Mohanty, I., Subudhi, U., Nayak, B.B., Acharya, B.S., Radio frequency plasma enhanced chemical vapor based ZnO thin film deposition on glass substrate: a novel approach towards antibacterial agent. Appl. Surf. Sci. 258 (2011), 304–311.
64. Zhu, P., Weng, Z., Li, X., Liu, X., Wu, S., Yeung, K.W.K., Wang, X., Cui, Z., Yang, X., Chu, P.K., Biomedical applications of functionalized ZnO nanomaterials: from biosensors to bioimaging. Adv. Mater. Interfaces, 3, 2016, 1500494.
65. Svetlichnyi, V., Shabalina, A., Lapin, I., Goncharova, D., Nemoykina, A., ZnO nanoparticles obtained by pulsed laser ablation and their composite with cotton fabric: preparation and study of antibacterial activity. Appl. Surf. Sci. 372 (2016), 20–29.
66. Shim, K., Abdellatif, M., Choi, E., Kim, D., Nanostructured ZnO films on stainless steel are highly safe and effective for antimicrobial applications. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 7 (2017), 2801–2809.
67. 2 on glycolysis in human oral microbes. Arch. Oral Biol. 47 (2002), 117–129.
68. George, S., Pokhrel, S., Xia, T., Gilbert, B., Ji, Z., Schowalter, M., Rosenauer, A., Damoiseaux, R., Bradley, K.A., Mädler, L., Nel, A.E., Use of a rapid cytotoxicity screening approach to engineer a safer zinc oxide nanoparticle through iron doping. ACS Nano 4 (2010), 15–29.
69. 2 to MDCK kidney cells: size matters. Toxicol. in Vitro 40 (2017), 256–263.
70. Hackenberg, S., Scherzed, A., Technau, A., Kessler, M., Froelich, K., Ginzkey, C., Koehler, C., Burghartz, M., Hagen, R., Kleinsasser, N., Cytotoxic, genotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles in human nasal mucosa cells in vitro. Toxicol. in Vitro 25 (2011), 657–663.
71. Zhang, L., Jiang, Y., Ding, Y., Daskalakis, N., Jeuken, L., Povey, M., O'Neill, A.J., York, D.W., Mechanistic investigation into antibacterial behaviour of suspensions of ZnO nanoparticles against E. coli. J. Nanopart. Res. 12 (2009), 1625–1636.
72. Li, M., Zhu, L., Lin, D., Toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles to Escherichia coli: mechanism and the influence of medium components. Environ. Sci. Technol. 45 (2011), 1977–1983.
73. 2 nanoparticles. Chin. Sci. Bull. 56 (2011), 1639–1657.
74. Aponiene, K., Luksiene, Z., Effective combination of LED-based visible light, photosensitizer and photocatalyst to combat Gram (−) bacteria. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B 142 (2015), 257–263.
75. Han, C., Yang, M.-Q., Weng, B., Xu, Y.-J., Improving the photocatalytic activity and anti-photocorrosion of semiconductor ZnO by coupling with versatile carbon. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16 (2014), 16891–16903.
76. Senthil Kumar, P., Selvakumar, M., Ganesh Babu, S., Induja, S., Karuthapandian, S., CuO/ZnO nanorods: an affordable efficient p-n heterojunction and morphology dependent photocatalytic activity against organic contaminants. J. Alloys Compd. 701 (2017), 562–573.
77. Kang, W., Jimeng, X., Xitao, W., The effects of ZnO morphology on photocatalytic efficiency of ZnO/RGO nanocomposites. Appl. Surf. Sci. 360 (2016), 270–275.
78. Liu, Y., Wang, R., Yang, Z., Du, H., Jiang, Y., Shen, C., Liang, K., Xu, A., Enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity of Z-scheme graphitic carbon nitride/oxygen vacancy-rich zinc oxide hybrid photocatalysts. Chin. J. Catal. 36 (2015), 2135–2144.
79. Yu, J., Yu, X., Hydrothermal synthesis and photocatalytic activity of zinc oxide hollow spheres. Environ. Sci. Technol. 42 (2008), 4902–4907.
80. 2–ZnO composite sphere decorated with ZnO clusters for effective charge isolation in photocatalysis. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 54 (2015), 7226–7232.
81. Wang, L., Chang, L., Zhao, B., Yuan, Z., Shao, G., Zheng, W., Systematic investigation on morphologies, forming mechanism, photocatalytic and photoluminescent properties of ZnO nanostructures constructed in ionic liquids. Inorg. Chem. 47 (2008), 1443–1452.
82. 2 sheets for enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic activity and antibacterial properties. J. Alloys Compd. 682 (2016), 208–215.
83. Yu, W., Zhang, J., Peng, T., New insight into the enhanced photocatalytic activity of N-, C- and S-doped ZnO photocatalysts. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 181 (2016), 220–227.
84. Kuriakose, S., Satpati, B., Mohapatra, S., Enhanced photocatalytic activity of Co doped ZnO nanodisks and nanorods prepared by a facile wet chemical method. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16 (2014), 12741–12749.
85. Hui, A., Ma, J., Liu, J., Bao, Y., Zhang, J., Morphological evolution of Fe doped sea urchin-shaped ZnO nanoparticles with enhanced photocatalytic activity. J. Alloys Compd. 696 (2017), 639–647.
86. Liau, L.C.-K., Huang, J.-S., Energy-level variations of Cu-doped ZnO fabricated through sol-gel processing. J. Alloys Compd. 702 (2017), 153–160.
87. Benhebal, H., Chaib, M., Leonard, A., Lambert, S.D., Crine, M., Photodegradation of phenol and benzoic acid by sol–gel-synthesized alkali metal-doped ZnO. Mater. Sci. Semicond. Proc. 15 (2012), 264–269.
88. Subash, B., Krishnakumar, B., Velmurugan, R., Swaminathan, M., Shanthi, M., Synthesis of Ce co-doped Ag–ZnO photocatalyst with excellent performance for NBB dye degradation under natural sunlight illumination. Catal. Sci. Technol. 2 (2012), 2319–2326.
89. Sin, J.-C., Lam, S.-M., Lee, K.-T., Mohamed, A.R., Preparation of rare earth-doped ZnO hierarchical micro/nanospheres and their enhanced photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation. Ceram. Int. 40 (2014), 5431–5440.
90. Sharma, S., Mehta, S.K., Kansal, S.K., N doped ZnO/C-dots nanoflowers as visible light driven photocatalyst for the degradation of malachite green dye in aqueous phase. J. Alloys Compd. 699 (2017), 323–333.
91. Goodall, J.B.M., Illsley, D., Lines, R., Makwana, N.M., Darr, J.A., Structure–property–Composition relationships in doped zinc oxides: enhanced photocatalytic activity with rare earth dopants. ACS Comb. Sci. 17 (2015), 100–112.
92. Schelonka, D., Tolasz, J., Štengl, V., Doping of zinc oxide with selected first row transition metals for photocatalytic applications. Photochem. Photobiol. 91 (2015), 1071–1077.
93. 3+ doped Ag-ZnO mesocrystals. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 53 (2014), 13236–13246.
94. He, R., Hocking, R.K., Tsuzuki, T., Co-doped ZnO nanopowders: location of cobalt and reduction in photocatalytic activity. Mater. Chem. Phys. 132 (2012), 1035–1040.
95. Yin, Q., Qiao, R., Li, Z., Zhang, X.L., Zhu, L., Hierarchical nanostructures of nickel-doped zinc oxide: morphology controlled synthesis and enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity. J. Alloys Compd. 618 (2015), 318–325.
96. Ullah, R., Dutta, J., Photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes with manganese-doped ZnO nanoparticles. J. Hazard. Mater 156 (2008), 194–200.
97. Chang, C.-J., Yang, T.-L., Weng, Y.-C., Synthesis and characterization of Cr-doped ZnO nanorod-array photocatalysts with improved activity. J. Solid State Chem. 214 (2014), 101–107.
98. Slama, R., Ghribi, F., Houas, A., Barthou, C., El Mir, L., Visible photocatalytic properties of vanadium doped zinc oxide aerogel nanopowder. Thin Solid Films 519 (2011), 5792–5795.
99. Fu, M., Li, Y., wu, S., Lu, P., Liu, J., Dong, F., Sol–gel preparation and enhanced photocatalytic performance of Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticles. Appl. Surf. Sci. 258 (2011), 1587–1591.
100. Clament Sagaya Selvam, N., Vijaya, J.J., Kennedy, L.J., Effects of morphology and Zr doping on structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties of ZnO nanostructures. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 51 (2012), 16333–16345.
101. Zhang, D., Zeng, F., Visible light-activated cadmium-doped ZnO nanostructured photocatalyst for the treatment of methylene blue dye. J. Mater. Sci. 47 (2011), 2155–2161.
102. Kumar, K., Chitkara, M., Sandhu, I.S., Mehta, D., Kumar, S., Photocatalytic, optical and magnetic properties of Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles prepared by chemical route. J. Alloys Compd. 588 (2014), 681–689.
103. Selvam, K., Muruganandham, M., Muthuvel, I., Swaminathan, M., The influence of inorganic oxidants and metal ions on semiconductor sensitized photodegradation of 4-fluorophenol. Chem. Eng. J. 128 (2007), 51–57.
104. Mahmood, M.A., Baruah, S., Dutta, J., Enhanced visible light photocatalysis by manganese doping or rapid crystallization with ZnO nanoparticles. Mater. Chem. Phys. 130 (2011), 531–535.
105. Majdan, M., Pikus, S., Kowalska-Ternes, M., Gładysz-Płaska, A., Staszczuk, P., Fuks, L., Skrzypek, H., Equilibrium study of selected divalent d-electron metals adsorption on A-type zeolite. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 262 (2003), 321–330.
106. Lu, Y., Lin, Y., Xie, T., Shi, S., Fan, H., Wang, D., Enhancement of visible-light-driven photoresponse of Mn/ZnO system: photogenerated charge transfer properties and photocatalytic activity. Nanoscale 4 (2012), 6393–6400.
107. Yang, Y., Li, Y., Zhu, L., He, H., Hu, L., Huang, J., Hu, F., He, B., Ye, Z., Shape control of colloidal Mn doped ZnO nanocrystals and their visible light photocatalytic properties. Nanoscale 5 (2013), 10461–10471.
108. Iqbal, J., Liu, X., Zhu, H., Wu, Z.B., Zhang, Y., Yu, D., Yu, R., Raman and highly ultraviolet red-shifted near band-edge properties of LaCe-co-doped ZnO nanoparticles. Acta Mater 57 (2009), 4790–4796.
109. Anandan, S., Vinu, A., Mori, T., Gokulakrishnan, N., Srinivasu, P., Murugesan, V., Ariga, K., Photocatalytic degradation of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol using lanthanum doped ZnO in aqueous suspension. Catal. Commun. 8 (2007), 1377–1382.
110. Zheng, W., Miao, Q., Tang, Y., Wei, W., Xu, J., Liu, X., Qian, Q., Xiao, L., Huang, B., Chen, Q., La(III)-doped ZnO/C nanofibers with core–shell structure by electrospinning–calcination technology. Mater. Lett. 98 (2013), 94–97.
111. 3+) doped ZnO nanoparticles. J. Mol. Catal. A Chem. 365 (2012), 120–127.
112. Rezaei, M., Habibi-Yangjeh, A., Simple and large scale refluxing method for preparation of Ce-doped ZnO nanostructures as highly efficient photocatalyst. Appl. Surf. Sci. 265 (2013), 591–596.
113. 4+ incorporation on structural, morphological and photocatalytic characters of ZnO nanoparticles. Mater. Charact. 97 (2014), 37–46.
114. Yousefi, M., Amiri, M., Azimirad, R., Moshfegh, A.Z., Enhanced photoelectrochemical activity of Ce doped ZnO nanocomposite thin films under visible light. J. Electroanal. Chem. 661 (2011), 106–112.
115. Yousefi, M., Azimirad, R., Amiri, M., Moshfegh, A.Z., Effect of annealing temperature on growth of Ce-ZnO nanocomposite thin films: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study. Thin Solid Films 520 (2011), 721–725.
116. Rezaei, M., Habibi-Yangjeh, A., Microwave-assisted preparation of Ce-doped ZnO nanostructures as an efficient photocatalyst. Mater. Lett. 110 (2013), 53–56.
117. 2+) grafting. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13 (2011), 14937–14945.
118. Sin, J.-C., Lam, S.-M., Lee, K.-T., Mohamed, A.R., Preparation of cerium-doped ZnO hierarchical micro/nanospheres with enhanced photocatalytic performance for phenol degradation under visible light. J. Mol. Catal. A Chem. 409 (2015), 1–10.
119. Khataee, A., Darvishi Cheshmeh Soltani, R., Hanifehpour, Y., Safarpour, M., Gholipour Ranjbar, H., Joo, S.W., Synthesis and characterization of dysprosium-doped ZnO nanoparticles for photocatalysis of a textile dye under visible light irradiation. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 53 (2014), 1924–1932.
120. 3+-doped ZnO nanorods synthesized via microwave assisted technique. J. Rare Earths 32 (2014), 306–313.
121. Sin, J.-C., Lam, S.-M., Satoshi, I., Lee, K.-T., Mohamed, A.R., Sunlight photocatalytic activity enhancement and mechanism of novel europium-doped ZnO hierarchical micro/nanospheres for degradation of phenol. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 148–149 (2014), 258–268.
122. Kim, K.-J., Kreider, P.B., Choi, C., Chang, C.-H., Ahn, H.-G., Visible-light-sensitive Na-doped p-type flower-like ZnO photocatalysts synthesized via a continuous flow microreactor. RSC Adv. 3 (2013), 12702–12710.
123. Tabib, A., Bouslama, W., Sieber, B., Addad, A., Elhouichet, H., Férid, M., Boukherroub, R., Structural and optical properties of Na doped ZnO nanocrystals: application to solar photocatalysis. Appl. Surf. Sci. 396 (2017), 1528–1538.
124. + doped ZnO nanoparticles with enhanced photocatalytic properties under visible-light. Mater. Lett. 118 (2014), 17–20.
125. Etacheri, V., Roshan, R., Kumar, V., Mg-doped ZnO nanoparticles for efficient sunlight-driven photocatalysis. ACS Appl. Mater. Interf. 4 (2012), 2717–2725.
126. 2+. J. Phys. Chem. C 112 (2008), 12242–12248.
127. Samadi, M., Zirak, M., Naseri, A., Khorashadizade, E., Moshfegh, A.Z., Recent progress on doped ZnO nanostructures for visible-light photocatalysis. Thin Solid Films 605 (2016), 2–19.
128. Kadam, S.R., Mate, V.R., Panmand, R.P., Nikam, L.K., Kulkarni, M.V., Sonawane, R.S., Kale, B.B., A green process for efficient lignin (biomass) degradation and hydrogen production via water splitting using nanostructured C, N, S-doped ZnO under solar light. RSC Adv. 4 (2014), 60626–60635.
129. Chen, L.-C., Tu, Y.-J., Wang, Y.-S., Kan, R.-S., Huang, C.-M., Characterization and photoreactivity of N-, S-, and C-doped ZnO under UV and visible light illumination. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 199 (2008), 170–178.
130. Li, Z., Sun, S., Xu, X., Zheng, B., Meng, A., Photocatalytic activity and DFT calculations on electronic structure of N-doped ZnO/Ag nanocomposites. Catal. Commun. 12 (2011), 890–894.
131. Yu, Z., Yin, L.-C., Xie, Y., Liu, G., Ma, X., Cheng, H.-M., Crystallinity-dependent substitutional nitrogen doping in ZnO and its improved visible light photocatalytic activity. J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 400 (2013), 18–23.
132. Di Valentin, C., Pacchioni, G., Spectroscopic properties of doped and defective semiconducting oxides from hybrid density functional calculations. Acc. Chem. Res. 47 (2014), 3233–3241.
133. Gallino, F., Di Valentin, C., Pacchioni, G., Chiesa, M., Giamello, E., Nitrogen impurity states in polycrystalline ZnO. A combined EPR and theoretical study. J. Mater. Chem. C 20 (2010), 689–697.
134. Zong, X., Sun, C., Yu, H., Chen, Z.G., Xing, Z., Ye, D., Lu, G.Q., Li, X., Wang, L., Activation of photocatalytic water oxidation on N-Doped ZnO bundle-like nanoparticles under visible light. J. Phys. Chem. C 117 (2013), 4937–4942.
135. Macías-Sánchez, J.J., Hinojosa-Reyes, L., Caballero-Quintero, A., de la Cruz, W., Ruiz-Ruiz, E., Hernández-Ramírez, A., Guzmán-Mar, J.L., Synthesis of nitrogen-doped ZnO by sol–gel method: characterization and its application on visible photocatalytic degradation of 2,4-D and picloram herbicides. Photochem. Photobiol. Sci. 14 (2015), 536–542.
136. 2 and ZnO catalysts. Catal. Today 241 (2015), 40–46.
137. Wu, C., Facile one-step synthesis of N-doped ZnO micropolyhedrons for efficient photocatalytic degradation of formaldehyde under visible-light irradiation. Appl. Surf. Sci. 319 (2014), 237–243.
138. Sun, S., Chang, X., Li, X., Li, Z., Synthesis of N-doped ZnO nanoparticles with improved photocatalytical activity. Ceram. Int. 39 (2013), 5197–5203.
139. Rajbongshi, B.M., Ramchiary, A., Samdarshi, S.K., Influence of N-doping on photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles under visible light irradiation. Mater. Lett. 134 (2014), 111–114.
140. Liu, S., Li, C., Yu, J., Xiang, Q., Improved visible-light photocatalytic activity of porous carbon self-doped ZnO nanosheet-assembled flowers. CrystEngComm 13 (2011), 2533–2541.
141. Cho, S., Jang, J.-W., Lee, J.S., Lee, K.-H., Carbon-doped ZnO nanostructures synthesized using vitamin C for visible light photocatalysis. CrystEngComm 12 (2010), 3929–3935.
142. Zhu, Y.-P., Li, M., Liu, Y.-L., Ren, T.-Z., Yuan, Z.-Y., Carbon-doped ZnO hybridized homogeneously with graphitic carbon nitride nanocomposites for photocatalysis. J. Phys. Chem. C 118 (2014), 10963–10971.
143. Zhou, X., Li, Y., Peng, T., Xie, W., Zhao, X., Synthesis, characterization and its visible-light-induced photocatalytic property of carbon doped ZnO. Mater. Lett. 63 (2009), 1747–1749.
144. Zhan, Z., Zheng, L., Pan, Y., Sun, G., Li, L., Self-powered, visible-light photodetector based on thermally reduced graphene oxide–ZnO (rGO–ZnO) hybrid nanostructure. J. Mater. Chem. 22 (2012), 2589–2595.
145. Geng, B.Y., Wang, G.Z., Jiang, Z., Xie, T., Sun, S.H., Meng, G.W., Zhang, L.D., Synthesis and optical properties of S-doped ZnO nanowires. Appl. Phys. Lett. 82 (2003), 4791–4793.
146. Shen, G., Cho, J.H., Yoo, J.K., Yi, G.-C., Lee, C.J., Synthesis and optical properties of S-Doped ZnO nanostructures: nanonails and nanowires. J. Phys. Chem. B 109 (2005), 5491–5496.
147. Bae, S.Y., Seo, H.W., Park, J., Vertically aligned sulfur-doped ZnO nanowires synthesized via chemical vapor deposition. J. Phys. Chem. B 108 (2004), 5206–5210.
148. Poongodi, G., Mohan Kumar, R., Jayavel, R., Influence of S doping on structural, optical and visible light photocatalytic activity of ZnO thin films. Ceram. Int. 40 (2014), 14733–14740.
149. Zhang, H., Tao, Z., Xu, W., Lu, S., Yuan, F., First-principles study of dopants and defects in S-doped ZnO and its effect on photocatalytic activity. Comput. Mater. Sci. 58 (2012), 119–124.
150. Deng, Q., Tang, H., Liu, G., Song, X., Xu, G., Li, Q., Ng, D.H.L., Wang, G., The fabrication and photocatalytic performances of flower-like Ag nanoparticles/ZnO nanosheets-assembled microspheres. Appl. Surf. Sci. 331 (2015), 50–57.
151. Wang, Y., Fang, H.-B., Zheng, Y.-Z., Ye, R., Tao, X., Chen, J.-F., Controllable assembly of well-defined monodisperse Au nanoparticles on hierarchical ZnO microspheres for enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic and antibacterial activity. Nanoscale 7 (2015), 19118–19128.
152. Gamage McEvoy, J., Zhang, Z., Antimicrobial and photocatalytic disinfection mechanisms in silver-modified photocatalysts under dark and light conditions. J. Photochem. Photobiol. C 19 (2014), 62–75.
153. 2 films?. J. Phys. Chem. B 105 (2001), 11439–11446.
154. Bora, T., Myint, M.T.Z., Al-Harthi, S.H., Dutta, J., Role of surface defects on visible light enabled plasmonic photocatalysis in Au-ZnO nanocatalysts. RSC Adv. 5 (2015), 96670–96680.
155. Yi, Z., Chen, J., Luo, J., Yi, Y., Kang, X., Ye, X., Bi, P., Gao, X., Yi, Y., Tang, Y., Surface-plasmon-enhanced band emission and enhanced photocatalytic activity of Au nanoparticles-decorated ZnO nanorods. Plasmonics 10 (2015), 1373–1380.
156. Tian, C., Zhang, Q., Jiang, B., Tian, G., Fu, H., Glucose-mediated solution–solid route for easy synthesis of Ag/ZnO particles with superior photocatalytic activity and photostability. J. Alloys Compd. 509 (2011), 6935–6941.
157. Gu, C., Cheng, C., Huang, H., Wong, T., Wang, N., Zhang, T.-Y., Growth and photocatalytic activity of dendrite-like ZnO@Ag heterostructure nanocrystals. Cryst. Growth Des. 9 (2009), 3278–3285.
158. Pacholski, C., Kornowski, A., Weller, H., Site-specific photodeposition of silver on ZnO nanorods. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 43 (2004), 4774–4777.
159. Liqiang, J., Dejun, W., Baiqi, W., Shudan, L., Baifu, X., Honggang, F., Jiazhong, S., Effects of noble metal modification on surface oxygen composition, charge separation and photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles. J. Mol. Catal. A Chem. 244 (2006), 193–200.
160. Xie, W., Li, Y., Sun, W., Huang, J., Xie, H., Zhao, X., Surface modification of ZnO with Ag improves its photocatalytic efficiency and photostability. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 216 (2010), 149–155.
161. Chen, T., Zheng, Y., Lin, J., Chen, G., Study on the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange in water using Ag/ZnO as catalyst by liquid chromatography electrospray ionization ion-trap mass spectrometry. J. Am. Soc. Mass. Spectrom. 19 (2008), 997–1003.
162. Ren, C., Yang, B., Wu, M., Xu, J., Fu, Z., lv, Y., Guo, T., Zhao, Y., Zhu, C., Synthesis of Ag/ZnO nanorods array with enhanced photocatalytic performance. J. Hazard. Mater 182 (2010), 123–129.
163. Lu, W., Gao, S., Wang, J., One-Pot synthesis of Ag/ZnO self-assembled 3D hollow microspheres with enhanced photocatalytic performance. J. Phys. Chem. C 112 (2008), 16792–16800.
164. Zhang, Q., Zhang, Q., Wang, H., Li, Y., A high efficiency microreactor with Pt/ZnO nanorod arrays on the inner wall for photodegradation of phenol. J. Hazard. Mater 254–255 (2013), 318–324.
165. Cheng, C.W., Sie, E.J., Liu, B., Huan, C.H.A., Sum, T.C., Sun, H.D., Fan, H.J., Surface plasmon enhanced band edge luminescence of ZnO nanorods by capping Au nanoparticles. Appl. Phys. Lett., 96, 2010, 071107.
166. Geng, J., Song, G.-H., Jia, X.-D., Cheng, F.-F., Zhu, J.-J., Fast one-step synthesis of biocompatible ZnO/Au nanocomposites with hollow doughnut-like and other controlled morphologies. J. Phys. Chem. C 116 (2012), 4517–4525.
167. Bora, T., Myint, M.T.Z., Al-Harthi, S.H., Dutta, J., Role of surface defects on visible light enabled plasmonic photocatalysis in Au–ZnO nanocatalysts. RSC Adv. 5 (2015), 96670–96680.
168. Mishra, Y.K., Mohapatra, S., Singhal, R., Avasthi, D.K., Agarwal, D.C., Ogale, S.B., Au–ZnO: a tunable localized surface plasmonic nanocomposite. Appl. Phys. Lett., 92, 2008, 043107.
169. Brillson, L.J., Lu, Y., ZnO Schottky barriers and Ohmic contacts. J. Appl. Phys., 109, 2011, 121301.
170. Bora, T., Kyaw, H.H., Sarkar, S., Pal, S.K., Dutta, J., Highly efficient ZnO/Au Schottky barrier dye-sensitized solar cells: role of gold nanoparticles on the charge-transfer process. Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2 (2011), 681–690.
171. Wang, Y., Wang, Q., Zhan, X., Wang, F., Safdar, M., He, J., Visible light driven type II heterostructures and their enhanced photocatalysis properties: a review. Nanoscale 5 (2013), 8326–8339.
172. Jeong, B., Kim, D.H., Park, E.J., Jeong, M.-G., Kim, K.-D., Seo, H.O., Kim, Y.D., Uhm, S., ZnO shell on mesoporous silica by atomic layer deposition: removal of organic dye in water by an adsorbent and its photocatalytic regeneration. Appl. Surf. Sci. 307 (2014), 468–474.
173. 4/ZnO/AgCl nanocomposites: synergistic collaboration on visible-light-driven activity in photodegradation of an organic pollutant. Appl. Surf. Sci. 358 (2015), 261–269.
174. Kumar, S.G., Rao, K.S.R.K., Zinc oxide based photocatalysis: tailoring surface-bulk structure and related interfacial charge carrier dynamics for better environmental applications. RSC Adv. 5 (2015), 3306–3351.
175. 2: a review. Appl. Surf. Sci. 392 (2017), 658–686.
176. Wang, X., Liu, G., Lu, G.Q., Cheng, H.-M., Stable photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from water over ZnO–CdS core–shell nanorods. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 35 (2010), 8199–8205.
177. Cho, S., Jang, J.-W., Kim, J., Lee, J.S., Choi, W., Lee, K.-H., Three-Dimensional type II ZnO/ZnSe heterostructures and their visible light photocatalytic activities. Langmuir 27 (2011), 10243–10250.
178. 3 heteronanostructures synthesized by a coprecipitation method. J. Phys. Chem. C 113 (2009), 4612–4617.
179. Chabri, S., Dhara, A., Show, B., Adak, D., Sinha, A., Mukherjee, N., Mesoporous CuO–ZnO p–n heterojunction based nanocomposites with high specific surface area for enhanced photocatalysis and electrochemical sensing. Catal. Sci. Technol. 6 (2016), 3238–3252.
180. Xu, F., Yuan, Y., Han, H., Wu, D., Gao, Z., Jiang, K., Synthesis of ZnO/CdS hierarchical heterostructure with enhanced photocatalytic efficiency under nature sunlight. CrystEngComm 14 (2012), 3615–3622.
181. Li, B., Wang, Y., Synthesis, microstructure, and photocatalysis of ZnO/CdS nano-heterostructure. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 72 (2011), 1165–1169.
182. 3 heteroarrays for efficient visible-light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen generation. J. Phys. Chem. C 116 (2012), 150–156.
183. Wang, X., Yin, L., Liu, G., Wang, L., Saito, R., Lu, G.Q., Cheng, H.-M., Polar interface-induced improvement in high photocatalytic hydrogen evolution over ZnO–CdS heterostructures. Energy Environ. Sci. 4 (2011), 3976–3979.
184. Tak, Y., Hong, S.J., Lee, J.S., Yong, K., Solution-based synthesis of a CdS nanoparticle/ZnO nanowire heterostructure array. Cryst. Growth Des. 9 (2009), 2627–2632.
185. Khanchandani, S., Kundu, S., Patra, A., Ganguli, A.K., Shell thickness dependent photocatalytic properties of ZnO/CdS core–shell nanorods. J. Phys. Chem. C 116 (2012), 23653–23662.
186. Jung, S., Yong, K., Fabrication of CuO–ZnO nanowires on a stainless steel mesh for highly efficient photocatalytic applications. Chem. Commun. 47 (2011), 2643–2645.
187. 2. Appl. Surf. Sci. 255 (2008), 2478–2484.
188. 2/ZnO heterojunctions. J. Mater. Chem. A 3 (2015), 6565–6574.
189. 2 heterojunction with high photocatalytic activity. J. Phys. Chem. C 114 (2010), 7920–7925.
190. 2–ZnO heterojunction photocatalysts showing enhanced photocatalytic activity for the degradation of organic dyes. Inorg. Chem. 51 (2012), 7764–7773.
191. 2/ZnO heterojunction nanocatalyst with high photocatalytic activity. Inorg. Chem. 48 (2009), 1819–1825.
192. 2/ZnO photocatalysts. Mater. Technol. 28 (2013), 234–237.
193. 2 nanocrystals. J. Phys. Chem. C 113 (2009), 17893–17898.
194. 2 coupled photocatalysts. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 39 (2002), 269–279.
195. 2 reduction performance. J. Catal. 352 (2017), 532–541.
196. 2 composites with enhanced photocatalytic activity and stability for organic pollutant degradation. Appl. Surf. Sci. 377 (2016), 99–108.
197. 2 photocatalyst. Appl. Surf. Sci. 391 (2017), 184–193.
198. 2O composite for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen generation. J. Materiom. 1 (2015), 124–133.
199. 4 photocatalyst. J. Alloys Compd. 714 (2017), 619–626.
200. 3 all-solid-state Z-scheme system. J. Alloys Compd. 662 (2016), 108–117.
201. 2-production activity. Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 39 (2014), 15394–15402.
202. 3/N-doped graphene photocatalysts with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity by tuning the nitrogen species. Appl. Surf. Sci. 396 (2017), 1368–1374.
203. 4 composites with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity. Appl. Surf. Sci. 390 (2016), 357–367.
204. 4 composite photocatalyst with enhanced photocatalytic performance under visible light. Appl. Surf. Sci. 391 (2017), 202–210.
205. Zhou, P., Yu, J., Jaroniec, M., All-solid-state Z-scheme photocatalytic systems. Adv. Mater 26 (2014), 4920–4935.
206. Low, J., Jiang, C., Cheng, B., Wageh, S., Al-Ghamdi, A.A., Yu, J., A review of direct Z-scheme photocatalysts. Small Methods, 1, 2017, 1700080.
207. Zhang, N., Xie, S., Weng, B., Xu, Y.-J., Vertically aligned ZnO–Au@CdS core–shell nanorod arrays as an all-solid-state vectorial Zscheme system for photocatalytic application. J. Mater. Chem. A 4 (2016), 18804–18814.
208. 3OH via facile coupling of ZnO: a direct Z-scheme mechanism. J. Mater. Chem. A 3 (2015), 19936–19947.
209. Li, B., Cao, H., ZnO@graphene composite with enhanced performance for the removal of dye from water. J. Mater. Chem. 21 (2011), 3346–3349.
210. Liu, X., Pan, L., Lv, T., Lu, T., Zhu, G., Sun, Z., Sun, C., Microwave-assisted synthesis of ZnO–graphenecomposite for photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI). Catal. Sci. Technol. 1 (2011), 1189–1193.
211. 4 by graphene hybridization. ACS Catal. 2 (2012), 2769–2778.
212. 2-production photocatalytic materials. J. Photochem. Photobiol. C 27 (2016), 72–99.
213. 60 and enhanced photoactivity under visible irradiation. Environ. Sci. Technol. 41 (2007), 6234–6239.
214. 2 nanoparticles for light energy conversion. Tetrahedron 62 (2006), 1937–1946.
215. Cremer, J., Bäuerle, P., Wienk, M.M., Janssen, R.A.J., High Open-circuit voltage poly(ethynylene bithienylene):fullerene solar cells. Chem. Mater 18 (2006), 5832–5834.
216. Guldi, D.M., Fullerenes: three dimensional electron acceptor materials. Chem. Commun., 2000, 321–327.
217. Zhang, G., Kim, G., Choi, W., Visible light driven photocatalysis mediated via ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT): an alternative approach to solar activation of titania. Energy Environ. Sci. 7 (2014), 954–966.
218. Park, Y., Singh, N.J., Kim, K.S., Tachikawa, T., Majima, T., Choi, W., Fullerol-Titania charge-transfer-mediated photocatalysis working under visible light. Chem. Eur. J. 15 (2009), 10843–10850.
219. Kauffman, D.R., Star, A., Carbon nanotube gas and vapor sensors. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 47 (2008), 6550–6570.
220. Gooding, J.J., Nanostructuring electrodes with carbon nanotubes: a review on electrochemistry and applications for sensing. Electrochim. Acta 50 (2005), 3049–3060.
221. Tada, K., Furuya, S., Watanabe, K., Ab initiostudy of hydrogen adsorption to single-walled carbon nanotubes. Phys. Rev. B, 63, 2001, 155405.
222. Hasobe, T., Fukuzumi, S., Kamat, P.V., Stacked-cup carbon nanotubes for photoelectrochemical solar cells. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 118 (2006), 769–773.
223. 2 adsorption on single-walled carbon nanotubes. Chem. Phys. Lett. 425 (2006), 306–310.
224. Weng, B., Liu, S., Zhang, N., Tang, Z.-R., Xu, Y.-J., A simple yet efficient visible-light-driven CdS nanowires-carbon nanotube 1D–1D nanocomposite photocatalyst. J. Catal. 309 (2014), 146–155.
225. Ahmad, M., Ahmed, E., Hong, Z.L., Jiao, X.L., Abbas, T., Khalid, N.R., Enhancement in visible light-responsive photocatalytic activity by embedding Cu-doped ZnO nanoparticles on multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Appl. Surf. Sci. 285 (2013), 702–712.
226. Yang, S., Wang, J., Li, X., Zhai, H., Han, D., Wei, B., Wang, D., Yang, J., One-step synthesis of bird cage-like ZnO and other controlled morphologies: structural, growth mechanism and photocatalytic properties. Appl. Surf. Sci. 319 (2014), 211–215.
227. Lv, T., Pan, L., Liu, X., Sun, Z., Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue by ZnO–reduced graphene oxide–carbon nanotube composites synthesized via microwave-assisted reaction. Catal. Sci. Technol. 2 (2012), 2297–2301.
228. Jiang, L., Gao, L., Fabrication and characterization of ZnO-coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes with enhanced photocatalytic activity. Mater. Chem. Phys. 91 (2005), 313–316.
229. Zhu, L.-P., Liao, G.-H., Huang, W.-Y., Ma, L.-L., Yang, Y., Yu, Y., Fu, S.-Y., Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic properties of ZnO-coated multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Mater. Sci. Eng. B 163 (2009), 194–198.
230. Zhang, N., Zhang, Y., Xu, Y.-J., Recent progress on graphene-based photocatalysts: current status and future perspectives. Nanoscale 4 (2012), 5792–5813.
231. Xiang, Q., Yu, J., Jaroniec, M., Graphene-based semiconductor photocatalysts. Chem. Soc. Rev. 41 (2012), 782–796.
232. Liu, H., Hu, Y., Zhang, Z., Liu, X., Jia, H., Xu, B., Synthesis of spherical Ag/ZnO heterostructural composites with excellent photocatalytic activity under visible light and UV irradiation. Appl. Surf. Sci. 355 (2015), 644–652.
233. 6 nanosheets. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 16 (2014), 1111–1120.
234. Pawar, R.C., Lee, C.S., Single-step sensitization of reduced graphene oxide sheets and CdS nanoparticles on ZnO nanorods as visible-light photocatalysts. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 144 (2014), 57–65.
235. Hayashi, H., Lightcap, I.V., Tsujimoto, M., Takano, M., Umeyama, T., Kamat, P.V., Imahori, H., Electron transfer cascade by organic/inorganic ternary composites of porphyrin, zinc oxide nanoparticles, and reduced graphene oxide on a tin oxide electrode that exhibits efficient photocurrent generation. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133 (2011), 7684–7687.
236. Li, X., Yu, J., Wageh, S., Al-Ghamdi, A.A., Xie, J., Graphene in photocatalysis: a review. Small 12 (2016), 6640–6696.
237. Chen, Z., Zhang, N., Xu, Y.-J., Synthesis of graphene–ZnO nanorod nanocomposites with improved photoactivity and anti-photocorrosion. CrystEngComm 15 (2013), 3022–3030.
238. 2 photocatalyst. Green Chem. 17 (2015), 3972–3978.
239. Li, B., Liu, T., Wang, Y., Wang, Z., ZnO/graphene-oxide nanocomposite with remarkably enhanced visible-light-driven photocatalytic performance. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 377 (2012), 114–121.
240. Rokhsat, E., Akhavan, O., Improving the photocatalytic activity of graphene oxide/ZnO nanorod films by UV irradiation. Appl. Surf. Sci. 371 (2016), 590–595.
241. Zhang, Q., Tian, C., Wu, A., Tan, T., Sun, L., Wang, L., Fu, H., A facile one-pot route for the controllable growth of small sized and well-dispersed ZnO particles on GO-derived graphene. J. Mater. Chem. 22 (2012), 11778–11784.
242. Weng, B., Yang, M.-Q., Zhang, N., Xu, Y.-J., Toward the enhanced photoactivity and photostability of ZnO nanospheres via intimate surface coating with reduced graphene oxide. J. Mater. Chem. A 2 (2014), 9380–9389.
243. Peng, Y., Ji, J., Chen, D., Ultrasound assisted synthesis of ZnO/reduced graphene oxide composites with enhanced photocatalytic activity and anti-photocorrosion. Appl. Surf. Sci. 356 (2015), 762–768.
244. 4/ZnO nanocomposites immobilized on graphene with enhanced photocatalytic activity under solar light irradiation. J. Alloys Compd. 564 (2013), 55–62.
245. Worajittiphon, P., Pingmuang, K., Inceesungvorn, B., Wetchakun, N., Phanichphant, S., Enhancing the photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles for efficient rhodamine B degradation by functionalised graphene nanoplatelets. Ceram. Int. 41 (2015), 1885–1889.
246. Yu, Z.B., Xie, Y.P., Liu, G., Lu, G.Q., Ma, X.L., Cheng, H.-M., Self-assembled CdS/Au/ZnO heterostructure induced by surface polar charges for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. J. Mater. Chem. A 1 (2013), 2773–2776.
247. Sarkar, S., Basak, D., One-step nano-engineering of dispersed Ag–ZnO nanoparticles’ hybrid in reduced graphene oxide matrix and its superior photocatalytic property. CrystEngComm 15 (2013), 7606–7614.
248. Dong, S., Li, Y., Sun, J., Yu, C., Li, Y., Sun, J., Facile synthesis of novel ZnO/RGO hybrid nanocomposites with enhanced catalytic performance for visible-light-driven photodegradation of metronidazole. Mater. Chem. Phys. 145 (2014), 357–365.
249. Atchudan, R., Edison, T.N.J.I., Perumal, S., Karthikeyan, D., Lee, Y.R., Facile synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles decorated graphene oxide composite via simple solvothermal route and their photocatalytic activity on methylene blue degradation. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B 162 (2016), 500–510.
250. Thangavel, S., Krishnamoorthy, K., Krishnaswamy, V., Raju, N., Kim, S.J., Venugopal, G., Graphdiyne–ZnO nanohybrids as an advanced photocatalytic material. J. Phys. Chem. C 119 (2015), 22057–22065.
251. Azam, A., Ahmed, Oves, Khan, Habib, Memic, A., Antimicrobial activity of metal oxide nanoparticles against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria: a comparative study. Int. J. Nanomed. 7 (2012), 6003–6009.
252. Djurišić, A.B., Leung, Y.H., Ng, A.M.C., Xu, X.Y., Lee, P.K.H., Degger, N., Wu, R.S.S., Toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles: mechanisms, characterization, and avoiding experimental artefacts. Small 11 (2015), 26–44.
253. Raghupathi, K.R., Koodali, R.T., Manna, A.C., Size-dependent bacterial growth inhibition and mechanism of antibacterial activity of zinc oxide nanoparticles. Langmuir 27 (2011), 4020–4028.
254. Bellanger, X., Billard, P., Schneider, R., Balan, L., Merlin, C., Stability and toxicity of ZnO quantum dots: interplay between nanoparticles and bacteria. J. Hazard. Mater 283 (2015), 110–116.
255. 2 to bacteria Vibrio fischeri and crustaceans Daphnia magna and Thamnocephalus platyurus. Chemosphere 71 (2008), 1308–1316.
256. Kavitha, T., Gopalan, A.I., Lee, K.-P., Park, S.-Y., Glucose sensing, photocatalytic and antibacterial properties of graphene–ZnO nanoparticle hybrids. Carbon 50 (2012), 2994–3000.
257. Zhang, L., Ding, Y., Povey, M., York, D., ZnO nanofluids – a potential antibacterial agent. Prog. Nat. Sci. 18 (2008), 939–944.
258. Ramos, A.A., Azqueta, A., Pereira-Wilson, C., Collins, A.R., Polyphenolic compounds from salvia species protect cellular DNA from oxidation and stimulate DNA repair in cultured human cells. J. Agric. Food. Chem. 58 (2010), 7465–7471.
259. Li, Y., Niu, J., Zhang, W., Zhang, L., Shang, E., Influence of aqueous media on the ROS-mediated toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles toward green fluorescent protein-expressing Escherichia coli under UV-365 irradiation. Langmuir 30 (2014), 2852–2862.
260. He, W., Wu, H., Wamer, W.G., Kim, H.-K., Zheng, J., Jia, H., Zheng, Z., Yin, J.-J., Unraveling the enhanced photocatalytic activity and phototoxicity of ZnO/metal hybrid nanostructures from generation of reactive oxygen species and charge carriers. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 6 (2014), 15527–15535.
261. Espitia, P.J.P., Soares, N.d.F.F., Coimbra, J.S.d.R., de Andrade, N.J., Cruz, R.S., Medeiros, E.A.A., Zinc oxide nanoparticles: synthesis, antimicrobial activity and food packaging applications. Food Bioprocess Technol. 5 (2012), 1447–1464.
262. Yang, C., Li, Q., Tang, L., Xin, K., Bai, A., Yu, Y., Synthesis, photocatalytic activity, and photogenerated hydroxyl radicals of monodisperse colloidal ZnO nanospheres. Appl. Surf. Sci. 357 (2015), 1928–1938.
263. Guo, Z., Park, S., Yoon, J., Shin, I., Recent progress in the development of near-infrared fluorescent probes for bioimaging applications. Chem. Soc. Rev. 43 (2014), 16–29.
264. Lin, H.-F., Liao, S.-C., Hung, S.-W., The dc thermal plasma synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles for visible-light photocatalyst. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 174 (2005), 82–87.
265. 2 – the effect of near-infrared irradiation. Dalton Trans. 42 (2013), 9468–9475.
266. Buchalska, M., Kras, G., Oszajca, M., Łasocha, W., Macyk, W., Singlet oxygen generation in the presence of titanium dioxide materials used as sunscreens in suntan lotions. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 213 (2010), 158–163.
267. Jańczyk, A., Krakowska, E., Stochel, G., Macyk, W., Singlet oxygen photogeneration at surface modified titanium dioxide. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128 (2006), 15574–15575.
268. Du, J., Gebicki, J.M., Proteins are major initial cell targets of hydroxyl free radicals. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 36 (2004), 2334–2343.
269. Yamamoto, O., Komatsu, M., Sawai, J., Nakagawa, Z.-e., Effect of lattice constant of zinc oxide on antibacterial characteristics. J. Mater. Sci. - Mater. Med. 15 (2004), 847–851.
270. Wang, S., Gao, R., Zhou, F., Selke, M., Nanomaterials and singlet oxygen photosensitizers: potential applications in photodynamic therapy. J. Mater. Chem. 14 (2004), 487–493.
271. Bakalova, R., Ohba, H., Zhelev, Z., Ishikawa, M., Baba, Y., Quantum dots as photosensitizers?. Nat. Biotechnol. 22 (2004), 1360–1361.
272. Gill, S.S., Tuteja, N., Reactive oxygen species and antioxidant machinery in abiotic stress tolerance in crop plants. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 48 (2010), 909–930.
273. Awad, A., Abou-Kandil, A.I., Elsabbagh, I., Elfass, M., Gaafar, M., Mwafy, E., Polymer nanocomposites part 1: structural characterization of zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized via novel calcination method. J. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater 28 (2014), 1343–1358.
274. Leung, Y.H., Chan, C.M.N., Ng, A.M.C., Chan, H.T., Chiang, M.W.L., Djurišić, A.B., Ng, Y.H., Jim, W.Y., Guo, M.Y., Leung, F.C.C., Chan, W.K., Au, D.T.W., Antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoparticles with a modified surface under ambient illumination. Nanotechnology, 23, 2012, 475703.
275. 2 nanoparticles preilluminated with UVA and UVB light on Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 95 (2012), 243–253.
276. Li, K., Chen, Y., Zhang, W., Pu, Z., Jiang, L., Chen, Y., Surface interactions affect the toxicity of engineered metal oxide nanoparticles towardParamecium. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 25 (2012), 1675–1681.
277. Applerot, G., Lipovsky, A., Dror, R., Perkas, N., Nitzan, Y., Lubart, R., Gedanken, A., Enhanced antibacterial activity of nanocrystalline ZnO due to increased ROS-mediated cell injury. Adv. Funct. Mater 19 (2009), 842–852.
278. Tam, K.H., Djurišić, A.B., Chan, C.M.N., Xi, Y.Y., Tse, C.W., Leung, Y.H., Chan, W.K., Leung, F.C.C., Au, D.W.T., Antibacterial activity of ZnO nanorods prepared by a hydrothermal method. Thin Solid Films 516 (2008), 6167–6174.
279. Wang, Y.-W., Cao, A., Jiang, Y., Zhang, X., Liu, J.-H., Liu, Y., Wang, H., Superior antibacterial activity of zinc oxide/graphene oxide composites originating from high zinc concentration localized around bacteria. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 6 (2014), 2791–2798.
280. Chin, W.-C., Papavlassopoulos, H., Mishra, Y.K., Kaps, S., Paulowicz, I., Abdelaziz, R., Elbahri, M., Maser, E., Adelung, R., Röhl, C., Toxicity of functional nano-micro zinc oxide tetrapods: impact of cell culture conditions, cellular age and material properties. PLoS One, 9, 2014, e84983.
281. Moos, P.J., Chung, K., Woessner, D., Honeggar, M., Cutler, N.S., Veranth, J.M., ZnO particulate matter requires cell contact for toxicity in human colon cancer cells. Chem. Res. Toxicol. 23 (2010), 733–739.
282. Jiang, W., Mashayekhi, H., Xing, B., Bacterial toxicity comparison between nano- and micro-scaled oxide particles. Environ. Pollut. 157 (2009), 1619–1625.
283. 2 thin films: dynamic view of the active oxygen species responsible for the effect. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A 106 (1997), 51–56.
284. Stoimenov, P.K., Klinger, R.L., Marchin, G.L., Klabunde, K.J., Metal oxide nanoparticles as bactericidal agents. Langmuir 18 (2002), 6679–6686.
285. Padmavathy, N., Vijayaraghavan, R., Enhanced bioactivity of ZnO nanoparticles—an antimicrobial study. Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater, 9, 2016, 035004.
286. 2 nanoparticles for Escherichia coli. Physico-chemical insight of the cytotoxicity mechanism. Environ. Sci. Technol. 40 (2006), 6151–6156.
287. Zhang, L., Jiang, Y., Ding, Y., Povey, M., York, D., Investigation into the antibacterial behaviour of suspensions of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO nanofluids). J. Nanopart. Res. 9 (2006), 479–489.
288. Huang, Z., Zheng, X., Yan, D., Yin, G., Liao, X., Kang, Y., Yao, Y., Huang, D., Hao, B., Toxicological effect of ZnO nanoparticles based on bacteria. Langmuir 24 (2008), 4140–4144.
289. Chen, P., Powell, B.A., Mortimer, M., Ke, P.C., Adaptive interactions between zinc oxide nanoparticles andChlorellasp. Environ. Sci. Technol. 46 (2012), 12178–12185.
290. Brayner, R., Ferrari-Iliou, R., Brivois, N., Djediat, S., Benedetti, M.F., Fiévet, F., Toxicological impact studies based on Escherichia coli bacteria in ultrafine ZnO nanoparticles colloidal medium. Nano Lett. 6 (2006), 866–870.
291. Ma, H., Williams, P.L., Diamond, S.A., Ecotoxicity of manufactured ZnO nanoparticles – a review. Environ. Pollut. 172 (2013), 76–85.
292. Ma, H., Wallis, L.K., Diamond, S., Li, S., Canas-Carrell, J., Parra, A., Impact of solar UV radiation on toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles through photocatalytic reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and photo-induced dissolution. Environ. Pollut. 193 (2014), 165–172.
293. Dědková, K., Janíková, B., Matějová, K., Čabanová, K., Váňa, R., Kalup, A., Hundáková, M., Kukutschová, J., ZnO/graphite composites and its antibacterial activity at different conditions. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B 151 (2015), 256–263.
294. Fang, J., Fan, H., Ma, Y., Wang, Z., Chang, Q., Surface defects control for ZnO nanorods synthesized by quenching and their anti-recombination in photocatalysis. Appl. Surf. Sci. 332 (2015), 47–54.
295. Zeng, H., Cai, W., Liu, P., Xu, X., Zhou, H., Klingshirn, C., Kalt, H., ZnO-based hollow nanoparticles by selective etching: elimination and reconstruction of Metal−Semiconductor interface, improvement of blue emission and photocatalysis. ACS Nano 2 (2008), 1661–1670.
296. 2 nanofilm for intelligent windows. Appl. Surf. Sci. 363 (2016), 532–542.
297. Wang, X., Zhu, H., Yang, F., Yang, X., Biofilm-engineered nanostructures. Adv. Mater 21 (2009), 2815–2818.
298. Sadeghi, B., Preparation of ZnO/Ag nanocomposite and coating on polymers for anti-infection biomaterial application. Spectrochim. Acta, Part A 118 (2014), 787–792.
299. Zheng, Y., Chen, C., Zhan, Y., Lin, X., Zheng, Q., Wei, K., Zhu, J., Photocatalytic activity of Ag/ZnO heterostructure nanocatalyst: correlation between structure and property. J. Phys. Chem. C 112 (2008), 10773–10777.
300. Divband, B., Khatamian, M., Eslamian, G.R.K., Darbandi, M., Synthesis of Ag/ZnO nanostructures by different methods and investigation of their photocatalytic efficiency for 4-nitrophenol degradation. Appl. Surf. Sci. 284 (2013), 80–86.
301. Zheng, Y., Zheng, L., Zhan, Y., Lin, X., Zheng, Q., Wei, K., Ag/ZnO heterostructure nanocrystals: synthesis, characterization, and photocatalysis. Inorg. Chem. 46 (2007), 6980–6986.
302. Shrivastava, S., Bera, T., Roy, A., Singh, G., Ramachandrarao, P., Dash, D., Characterization of enhanced antibacterial effects of novel silver nanoparticles. Nanotechnology, 18, 2007, 225103.
303. Thiel, J., Pakstis, L., Buzby, S., Raffi, M., Ni, C., Pochan, D.J., Shah, S.I., Antibacterial properties of silver-doped titania. Small 3 (2007), 799–803.
304. Morones, J.R., Elechiguerra, J.L., Camacho, A., Holt, K., Kouri, J.B., Ramírez, J.T., Yacaman, M.J., The bactericidal effect of silver nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 16 (2005), 2346–2353.
305. Lu, W., Liu, G., Gao, S., Xing, S., Wang, J., Tyrosine-assisted preparation of Ag/ZnO nanocomposites with enhanced photocatalytic performance and synergistic antibacterial activities. Nanotechnology, 19, 2008, 445711.
306. Li, P., Wei, Z., Wu, T., Peng, Q., Li, Y., Au−ZnO hybrid nanopyramids and their photocatalytic properties. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133 (2011), 5660–5663.
307. Ruiz Peralta, M.D.L., Pal, U., Zeferino, R.S., Photoluminescence (PL) quenching and enhanced photocatalytic activity of Au-Decorated ZnO nanorods fabricated through microwave-assisted chemical synthesis. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 4 (2012), 4807–4816.
308. Udawatte, N., Lee, M., Kim, J., Lee, D., Well-Defined Au/ZnO nanoparticle composites exhibiting enhanced photocatalytic activities. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 3 (2011), 4531–4538.
309. Misra, M., Kapur, P., Singla, M.L., Surface plasmon quenched of near band edge emission and enhanced visible photocatalytic activity of Au@ZnO core-shell nanostructure. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 150–151 (2014), 605–611.
310. Mondal, C., Pal, J., Ganguly, M., Sinha, A.K., Jana, J., Pal, T., A one pot synthesis of Au–ZnO nanocomposites for plasmon-enhanced sunlight driven photocatalytic activity. New J. Chem. 38 (2014), 2999–3005.
311. Sun, L., Zhao, D., Song, Z., Shan, C., Zhang, Z., Li, B., Shen, D., Gold nanoparticles modified ZnO nanorods with improved photocatalytic activity. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 363 (2011), 175–181.
312. Nakkala, J.R., Bhagat, E., Suchiang, K., Sadras, S.R., Comparative study of antioxidant and catalytic activity of silver and gold nanoparticles synthesized from Costus pictus leaf extract. J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 31 (2015), 986–994.
313. He, W., Kim, H.-K., Wamer, W.G., Melka, D., Callahan, J.H., Yin, J.-J., Photogenerated charge carriers and reactive oxygen species in ZnO/Au hybrid nanostructures with enhanced photocatalytic and antibacterial activity. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 136 (2014), 750–757.
314. Kang, Z., Yan, X., Zhao, L., Liao, Q., Zhao, K., Du, H., Zhang, X., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Gold nanoparticle/ZnO nanorod hybrids for enhanced reactive oxygen species generation and photodynamic therapy. Nano Res. 8 (2015), 2004–2014.
315. Gholap, H., Warule, S., Sangshetti, J., Kulkarni, G., Banpurkar, A., Satpute, S., Patil, R., Hierarchical nanostructures of Au@ZnO: antibacterial and antibiofilm agent. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 100 (2016), 5849–5858.
316. Bai, H., Liu, Z., Sun, D.D., Hierarchical ZnO/Cu “corn-like” materials with high photodegradation and antibacterial capability under visible light. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13 (2011), 6205–6210.
317. No, H.K., Park, N.Y., Lee, S.H., Meyers, S.P., Antibacterial activity of chitosans and chitosan oligomers with different molecular weights. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 74 (2002), 65–72.
318. Sudheesh Kumar, P.T., Lakshmanan, V.-K., Anilkumar, T.V., Ramya, C., Reshmi, P., Unnikrishnan, A.G., Nair, S.V., Jayakumar, R., Flexible and microporous chitosan hydrogel/nano ZnO composite bandages for wound dressing: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 4 (2012), 2618–2629.
319. Talnikar, V.D., Mahajan, Y.S., Recovery of acids from dilute streams: a review of process technologies. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 31 (2014), 1720–1731.
320. Tomihata, K., Ikada, Y., In vitro and in vivo degradation of films of chitin and its deacetylated derivatives. Biomaterials 18 (1997), 567–575.
321. Wang, G.-H., Inhibition and inactivation of five species of foodborne pathogens by chitosan. J. Food Prot. 55 (1992), 916–919.
322. Wang, Y., Zhang, Q., Zhang, C.-l., Li, P., Characterisation and cooperative antimicrobial properties of chitosan/nano-ZnO composite nanofibrous membranes. Food Chem. 132 (2012), 419–427.
323. Petkova, P., Francesko, A., Fernandes, M.M., Mendoza, E., Perelshtein, I., Gedanken, A., Tzanov, T., Sonochemical coating of textiles with hybrid ZnO/chitosan antimicrobial nanoparticles. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 6 (2014), 1164–1172.
324. Chen, C.-S., Liau, W.-Y., Tsai, G.-J., Antibacterial effects of N-Sulfonated and N-Sulfobenzoyl chitosan and application to Oyster preservation. J. Food Prot. 61 (1998), 1124–1128.
325. Jung, B.-O., Kim, C.-H., Choi, K.-S., Lee, Y.M., Kim, J.-J., Preparation of amphiphilic chitosan and their antimicrobial activities. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 72 (1999), 1713–1719.
326. Rabea, E.I., Badawy, M.E.-T., Stevens, C.V., Smagghe, G., Steurbaut, W., Chitosan as antimicrobial agent: applications and mode of action. Biomacromolecules 4 (2003), 1457–1465.
327. Sudarshan, N.R., Hoover, D.G., Knorr, D., Antibacterial action of chitosan. Food Biotechnol. 6 (1992), 257–272.
328. Zhang, L., Ning, C., Zhou, T., Liu, X., Yeung, K.W.K., Zhang, T., Xu, Z., Wang, X., Wu, S., Chu, P.K., Polymeric nanoarchitectures on Ti-Based implants for antibacterial applications. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 6 (2014), 17323–17345.
329. Clament Sagaya Selvam, N., Judith Vijaya, J., John Kennedy, L., Comparative studies on influence of morphology and La doping on structural, optical, and photocatalytic properties of zinc oxide nanostructures. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 407 (2013), 215–224.
330. Nair, M.G., Nirmala, M., Rekha, K., Anukaliani, A., Structural, optical, photo catalytic and antibacterial activity of ZnO and Co doped ZnO nanoparticles. Mater. Lett. 65 (2011), 1797–1800.
331. Ismail, A.F.M., Ali, M.M., Ismail, L.F.M., Photodynamic therapy mediated antiproliferative activity of some metal-doped ZnO nanoparticles in human liver adenocarcinoma HepG2 cells under UV irradiation. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B 138 (2014), 99–108.
332. 2−-doped titania nano-materials with antibacterial activity. Appl. Surf. Sci. 292 (2014), 608–614.
333. Ravichandran, K., Karthika, K., Sakthivel, B., Jabena Begum, N., Snega, S., Swaminathan, K., Senthamilselvi, V., Tuning the combined magnetic and antibacterial properties of ZnO nanopowders through Mn doping for biomedical applications. J. Magn. Magn. Mater 358–359 (2014), 50–55.
334. Mahmoudi Khatir, N., Abdul-Malek, Z., Zak, A.K., Akbari, A., Sabbagh, F., Sol–gel grown Fe-doped ZnO nanoparticles: antibacterial and structural behaviors. J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 78 (2015), 91–98.
335. Dutta, R.K., Sharma, P.K., Bhargava, R., Kumar, N., Pandey, A.C., Differential susceptibility of Escherichia coli cells toward transition metal-doped and matrix-embedded ZnO nanoparticles. J. Phys. Chem. B 114 (2010), 5594–5599.
336. Basith, N.M., Vijaya, J.J., Kennedy, L.J., Bououdina, M., Jenefar, S., Kaviyarasan, V., Co-doped ZnO nanoparticles: structural, morphological, optical, magnetic and antibacterial studies. J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 30 (2014), 1108–1117.
337. Dizaj, S.M., Lotfipour, F., Barzegar-Jalali, M., Zarrintan, M.H., Adibkia, K., Antimicrobial activity of the metals and metal oxide nanoparticles. Mater. Sci. Eng. C 44 (2014), 278–284.
338. Bechambi, O., Chalbi, M., Najjar, W., Sayadi, S., Photocatalytic activity of ZnO doped with Ag on the degradation of endocrine disrupting under UV irradiation and the investigation of its antibacterial activity. Appl. Surf. Sci. 347 (2015), 414–420.
339. Karunakaran, C., Rajeswari, V., Gomathisankar, P., Antibacterial and photocatalytic activities of sonochemically prepared ZnO and Ag–ZnO. J. Alloys Compd. 508 (2010), 587–591.
340. Zhang, Z., Yi, J.B., Ding, J., Wong, L.M., Seng, H.L., Wang, S.J., Tao, J.G., Li, G.P., Xing, G.Z., Sum, T.C., Huan, C.H.A., Wu, T., Cu-doped ZnO nanoneedles and nanonails: morphological evolution and physical properties. J. Phys. Chem. C 112 (2008), 9579–9585.
341. Banu Bahşi, Z., Oral, A.Y., Effects of Mn and Cu doping on the microstructures and optical properties of sol–gel derived ZnO thin films. Opt. Mater 29 (2007), 672–678.
342. 0.95O nanocomposites. Dalton Trans. 41 (2012), 2804–2811.
343. Iqbal, J., Jan, T., Ismail, M., Ahmad, N., Arif, A., Khan, M., Adil, M., Sami ul, H., Arshad, A., Influence of Mg doping level on morphology, optical, electrical properties and antibacterial activity of ZnO nanostructures. Ceram. Int. 40 (2014), 7487–7493.
344. Zheng, M., Wu, J., One-step synthesis of nitrogen-doped ZnO nanocrystallites and their properties. Appl. Surf. Sci. 255 (2009), 5656–5661.
345. Nair, S., Sasidharan, A., Divya Rani, V.V., Menon, D., Nair, S., Manzoor, K., Raina, S., Role of size scale of ZnO nanoparticles and microparticles on toxicity toward bacteria and osteoblast cancer cells. J. Mater. Sci. - Mater. Med. 20 (2008), 235–241.
346. Yamamoto, O., Influence of particle size on the antibacterial activity of zinc oxide. Int. J. Inorg. Mater 3 (2001), 643–646.
347. Akhil, K., Chandran, P., Sudheer Khan, S., Influence of humic acid on the stability and bacterial toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles in water. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B 153 (2015), 289–295.
348. Talebian, N., Amininezhad, S.M., Doudi, M., Controllable synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles and their morphology-dependent antibacterial and optical properties. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B 120 (2013), 66–73.
349. Tong, G.-X., Du, F.-F., Liang, Y., Hu, Q., Wu, R.-N., Guan, J.-G., Hu, X., Polymorphous ZnO complex architectures: selective synthesis, mechanism, surface area and Zn-polar plane-codetermining antibacterial activity. J. Mater. Chem. B 1 (2013), 454–463.
350. Darwish, M., Mohammadi, A., Assi, N., Manuchehri, Q.S., Alahmad, Y., Abuzerr, S., Shape-controlled ZnO nanocrystals synthesized via auto combustion method and enhancement of the visible light catalytic activity by decoration on graphene. J. Alloys Compd. 703 (2017), 396–406.
351. Patil, S.A., Hwang, H.-J., Yu, M.-H., Shrestha, N.K., Kim, H.-S., Photonic sintering of a ZnO nanosheet photoanode using flash white light combined with deep UV irradiation for dye-sensitized solar cells. RSC Adv. 7 (2017), 6565–6573.
352. Qin, J., Zhang, X., Yang, C., Cao, M., Ma, M., Liu, R., ZnO microspheres-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue dye. Appl. Surf. Sci. 392 (2017), 196–203.
353. Tayyebi, A., outokesh, M., Tayebi, M., Shafikhani, A., Şengör, S.S., ZnO quantum dots-graphene composites: formation mechanism and enhanced photocatalytic activity for degradation of methyl orange dye. J. Alloys Compd. 663 (2016), 738–749.
354. Siripireddy, B., Mandal, B.K., Facile green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles by Eucalyptus globulus and their photocatalytic and antioxidant activity. Adv. Powder Technol. 28 (2017), 785–797.
355. Ramani, M., Ponnusamy, S., Muthamizhchelvan, C., Marsili, E., Amino acid-mediated synthesis of zinc oxide nanostructures and evaluation of their facet-dependent antimicrobial activity. Colloids Surf. B 117 (2014), 233–239.
356. Yang, H., Liu, C., Yang, D., Zhang, H., Xi, Z., Comparative study of cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and genotoxicity induced by four typical nanomaterials: the role of particle size, shape and composition. J. Appl. Toxicol. 29 (2009), 69–78.
357. Li, G.R., Hu, T., Pan, G.L., Yan, T.Y., Gao, X.P., Zhu, H.Y., Morphology-function relationship of ZnO: polar planes, oxygen vacancies, and activity. J. Phys. Chem. C 112 (2008), 11859–11864.
358. Yan, D., Yin, G., Huang, Z., Li, L., Liao, X., Chen, X., Yao, Y., Hao, B., Cellular compatibility of biomineralized ZnO nanoparticles based on prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. Langmuir 27 (2011), 13206–13211.
359. Li, M., Lin, D., Zhu, L., Effects of water chemistry on the dissolution of ZnO nanoparticles and their toxicity to Escherichia coli. Environ. Pollut. 173 (2013), 97–102.
360. Li, M., Pokhrel, S., Jin, X., Mädler, L., Damoiseaux, R., Hoek, E.M.V., Stability, bioavailability, and bacterial toxicity of ZnO and iron-doped ZnO nanoparticles in aquatic media. Environ. Sci. Technol. 45 (2011), 755–761.
361. Sirelkhatim, A., Mahmud, S., Seeni, A., Kaus, N.H.M., Ann, L.C., Bakhori, S.K.M., Hasan, H., Mohamad, D., Review on zinc oxide nanoparticles: antibacterial activity and toxicity mechanism. Nano-Micro Lett. 7 (2015), 219–242.