Scientific Opinion on the maintenance of the list of QPS biological agents intentionally added to food and feed (2010 update)

EFSA Journal

Volumn 8, Issue 12, 2010, Pages

  Collins, John Daniel ^a   Noerrung, Birgit ^a   Budka, Herbert ^a   Andreoletti, Olivier ^a   Buncic, Sava ^a   Griffin, John ^a   Hald, Tine ^a   Havelaar, Arie ^a   Hope, James ^a   Klein, Günter ^a   McLauchlin, James ^a   Lindqvist, Roland ^a   Müller Graf, Christine ^a   Nguyen The, Christophe ^a   Peixe, Luisa ^a   Ricci, Antonia ^a   Prieto Maradona, Miguel ^a   Sanaa, Moez ^a   Sofos, John ^a   Threlfall, John ^a   Vågsholm, Ivar ^a   Vanopdenbosch, Emmanuel ^a   more..

^a NONE

Author keywords

microorganisms; QPS; Qualified presumption of safety; viruses

Indexed keywords

EID: 85002933233     PISSN: None     EISSN: 18314732     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1944     Document Type: Article

References (125)

1. Adewumi GA, Quadri RA and Oguntoyinbo FA, 2009. Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Bacillus species isolated from solid substrate fermentation of cassava for gari production. African J. Microbiol. Res. 3, 840–843.
2. Ahmad B, Javed I, Shah AA, Hameed A and Hasan F, 2010. Psychrotrophic bacteria isolated from-20 degrees C freezer. African J. Biotechnol. 9, 718–724.
3. Anonymous, 2009. Résomil - Réseau des collections françaises de microorganismes d'intérêts laitier -L'innocuité des souches d'intérêt laitier. CNIEL, Paris, 59 pages.
4. Aoyagi S, Kosuga T, Ogata T and Yasunaga M, 2009. Spontaneous rupture of the spleen caused by a Bacillus infection: Report of a case. Surgery Today 39, 733–737.
5. Aureli P, Fiore A, Scalfaro C, Casale M and Franciosa G, 2010. National survey outcomes on commercial probiotic food supplements in Italy. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 137, 2–3, 265-273.
6. Ballesteros Sanz MA, Ruiz De Alegría-Puig C, Fernández-Mazarrasa C and Gutiérrez-Cuadra M. 2010. Bacteremia and sepsis due to Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Med. Clin. (Barc). 134, 87–88.
7. Beighton D, Al-Haboubi M, Mantzourani M, Gilbert SC, Clarke D, Zoitopoulos L and Gallagher JE, 2008. Oral bifidobacteria: Caries-associated bacteria in older adults. J. Dent Res. 89, 970–974.
8. Bolsen KK, Bonilla DR, Huck GL, Youung MA and Hart-Thakur RA, 1996. Effect on propionic acid bacterial inoculants on fermentation and aerobic stability of wheat and corn silage. In: Report of Progress of Kansas State University Agricultural Experiment Station. pp. 78–81. Manhattan, KS, Kansas State University, USA.
9. Boutigny AL, Atanasova-Penichon V, Benet M, Barreau C and Richard-Forget F, 2010. Natural phenolic acids from wheat bran inhibit Fusarium culmorum trichothecene biosynthesis in vitro by repressing Tri gene expression. European J. Plant Pathol. 127, 275–286.
10. Brase S, Encinas A, Keck J and Nising CF, 2009. Chemistry and biology of mycotoxins and related fungal metabolites. Chem. Rev. 109, 9, 3903–3990.
11. Camarasa A, Chiner E and Sancho-Chust JN, 2009. Pulmonary abscess due to Leuconostoc species in an immunocompetent patient. Arch Bronconeumol. 45, 471–472.
12. Chan JF, Lau SK, Woo PC, Fan RY, Ip JJ, Chan CF, Luk JK and Yuen KY, 2010. Lactobacillus rhamnosus hepatic abscess associated with Mirizzi syndrome: a case report and review of the literature. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 66, 1, 94–97.
13. Clemons KV, Salonen JH, Issakainen J, Nikoskelainen J, McCullough MJ, Jorge JJ and Stevens DA, 2010. Molecular epidemiology of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in an immunocompromised host unit. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 68, 3, 220–227.
14. Cordeiro RA, Brilhante RS, Pantoja LD, Moreira Filho RE, Vieira PR, Rocha MF, Monteiro AJ and Sidrim JJ, 2010. Isolation of pathogenic yeasts in the air from hospital environments in the city of Fortaleza, northeast Brazil. Braz. J. Infect. Dis. 14, 1, 30–34.
15. Cortés RG, Carrasco JA, Antón MP, Domínguez DR and de Frías JE, 2009. Leuconostoc sepsis in a 2 month old malnourished patient. An. Pediatr. (Barc) 71, 271.
16. Cuddeford V and Kabaluk JT, 2010. Alternative regulatory models for microbial pesticides. In: The use and regulation of microbial pesticides in representative jurisdictions worldwide. Kabaluk JT, Svircev AM, Goettel MS and Woo SG (Eds.). pp. 94–99. International Organisation for Biological Control of Noxious Animals and Plants (IOBC). Retrieved on 8 October 2010 [www.iobc-global.org/./Microbial_Regulation_Book_Kabaluk_et_%20al_2010.pdf].
17. Culebras E and Martínez JL, 1999. Aminoglycoside resistance mediated by the bifunctional enzyme 6′-N-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase-2″-O-aminoglycoside phosphotransferase. Front Biosci. 1, 4, D1–8.
18. Danielsen M, Simpson PJ, O'Connor EB, Ross RP and Stanton C, 2007. Susceptibility of Pediococcus spp. to antimicrobial agents. J. Appl. Microbiol. 102, 384–389.
19. EFSA, 2005a. Summary report EFSA Scientific Colloquium 2, 13–14 December 2004. Parma. Italy.
20. EFSA, 2005b. Technical guidance prepared by the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed (FEEDAP) on the update of the criteria used in the assessment of bacterial resistance to antibiotics of human or veterinary importance. EFSA J. 223, 1–12.
21. EFSA, 2007a. Scientific Opinion of the Scientific Committee on the introduction of a Qualified Presumption of Safety (QPS) approach for assessment of selected microorganisms referred to EFSA. The EFSA Journal 578, 1–16.
22. EFSA, 2008a. Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Biological Hazards on the maintenance of the list of QPS microorganisms intentionally added to food or feed. The EFSA J. 923, 1–48.
23. EFSA, 2008b. Technical guidance. Update of the criteria used in the assessment of bacterial resistance to antibiotics of human or veterinary importance. Prepared by the Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feeds. The EFSA J. 732, 1–15.
24. EFSA. 2009a. Panel on Biological Hazards (BIOHAZ) Scientific Opinion on the maintenance of the list of QPS microorganisms intentionally added to food or feed (2009 update). EFSA J. 7, 1431–1523.
25. EFSA, 2009b. Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Biological Hazards on a request from European Commission on the use and mode of action of bacteriophages in food production. The EFSA Journal 1076, 1–26.
26. EFSA, 2010a. Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of Calsporin® (Bacillus subtilis) as a feed additive for piglets. EFSA J. 8, 1, 1426.
27. EFSA, 2010b. Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of Biosprint® (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as a feed additive for dairy cows. EFSA J. 8, 7, 1662.
28. EFSA, 2010c. Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of Biosprint® (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) as a feed additive for horses. EFSA J. 8, 7, 1659.
29. EFSA, 2010d. Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of Bactocell PA 10 (Pediococcus acidilactici) as a feed additive for piglets. EFSA J. 8, 7, 1660.
30. EFSA, 2010e. Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of Calsporin® (Bacillus subtilis) for turkeys for fattening, ducks, geese, pigeons and other game birds for meat production, ducks, geese, pigeons, game birds, ornamental and sporting birds for rearing to point of lay, turkeys reared for breeding and chickens reared for laying. EFSA J. 8, 10, 1967.
31. EFSA, 2010f. Scientific Opinion on the safety and efficacy of Biosprint® (Saccharomyces cerevisisae) for piglets. EFSA J. 8, 10, 1864.
32. EFSA, 2010g. Scientific Opinion on Bactocell PA 10 (Pediococcus acidilactici) as a feed additive for laying hens. EFSA J. 8, 10, 1865.
33. Falentin H, Deutsch SM, Jan G, Loux V, Thierry A, Parayre S, Maillard MB, Dherbécourt J, Cousin FJ, Jardin J, Siguier P, Couloux A, Barbe V, Vacherie B, Wincker P, Gibrat JF, Gaillardin C and Lortal S, 2010. The complete genome of Propionibacterium freudenreichii CIRM-BIA1, a hardy actinobacterium with food and probiotic applications. PLoS One 23, 5, 7, e11748.
34. Filya I, Sucu E and Karabulut AA, 2004. The effect of Propionibacterium acidipropionici, with or without Lactobacillus plantarum, on the fermentation and aerobic stability of wheat, sorghum and maize silages. J.Appl. Microbiol. 97, 818–826.
35. Fort, M., Sibila, M., Pérez-Martín, E., Nofrarías, M., Mateu, E. and J. Segalés, 2009. One dose of a porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) sub-unit vaccine administered to 3-week-old conventional piglets elicits cell-mediated immunity and significantly reduces PCV2 viremia in an experimental model. Vaccine 27, 4031–4037.
36. Fraga ME, Direito GM, Gatti MJ, Moraes AML, Cavaglieri LR, Dalcero AM and Rosa CAD, 2008. Revaluation of aflatoxin production by Aspergillus candidus and Eurotium chevalieri isolated from poutry feed in Brazil. Revista Brasileira de Medicina Veterinaria 30, 2, 86–90.
37. Fuchs M and D Gonsalves, 2007. Safety of virus-resistant transgenic plants two decades after their introduction: Lessons from realistic field risk assessment studies. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. 45, 173–202.
38. Gaggìa F, Mattarelli P and Biavati B, 2010. Probiotics and prebiotics in animal feeding for safe food production. Int. J. Food Microbiol.141, Supplement 1, S15–S28.
39. Galopin S, Cattoir V and Leclercq R, 2009. A chromosomal chloramphenicol acetyltransferase determinant from a probiotic strain of Bacillus clausii. Fems Microbiol. Lett. 296, 185–189.
40. Galvez EJ, Franco-Lara L, Restrepo S and Jimenez P, 2009. Search of a DNA barcode for identification of species of the genus Fusarium. Phytopathol. 99, 6, 839.
41. Gardiner DM, Kazan K and Manners J, 2009a. Nutrient profiling reveals potent inducers of Trichothecenes biosynthesis in Fusarium graminearum. Fungal Genet. Biol. 46, 604–613.
42. Gardiner DM, Kazan K and Manners J, 2009b. Novel genes of Fusarium graminearum that negatively regulate deoxynivalenol production and virulence. Molec. Plant-microbe Interact. 22, 12, 1588–1600.
43. Gautier M, 2000. Propionibacterium. In Robinson RK, Batt CA and Patel PD (editors). Encyclopedia of Food Microbiology, Academic Press. pp. 1850–1857.
44. Geiser DM, Jimenez-Gasco NM and Kang S, 2004. Fusarium ID v.1.0: a DNA sequence database for identifying Fusarium. Europ. J. Plant Pathol. 110, 473–479.
45. Gomez-Lopez A, Pan D, Cuesta I, Alastruey-Izquierdo A, Rodriguez-Tudela JL and Cuenca-Estrella M, 2010. Molecular identification and susceptibility profile in vitro of the emerging pathogen Candida kefyr. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 66, 1, 116–119.
46. Gul-Seker M and Mater Y, 2009, Assessment of metal and antibiotic-resistance in marine bacteria isolated from izmit bay and bosphorus entrance of marmara and black sea, turkey. Fresenius Environm. Bull. 18, 2192–2202.
47. Haakensen M, Vickers DM and Ziola B, 2009a. Susceptibility of Pediococcus isolates to antimicrobial compounds in relation to hop-resistance and beer-spoilage. BMC Microbiol. 7, 9, 190.
48. Haakensen M, Dobson CM, Hill JE and Ziola B, 2009b. Reclassification of Pediococcus dextrinicus (Coster and White 1964) back 1978 (Approved Lists 1980) as Lactobacillus dextrinicus comb. nov., and emended description of the genus Lactobacillus. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 59, 615–621.
49. Harper DM, 2009. Curently approved prophylactic HPV vaccines. Expert Rev. Vaccines 8, 1663–1679.
50. Heller KJ, 2010. Sicherheitsbewertung mikrobieller Kulturen für den Einsatz in Lebensmitteln. Deutsche Milchwirtschaft 12, 412–414.
51. Hummel AS, Hertel C, Holzapfel WH and Franz CM, 2007. Antibiotic resistances of starter and probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73, 730–739.
52. Huys G, D'Haene K, Cnockaert M, Tosi L, Danielsen M, Belén Flórez A, Jaana Mättö J, Axelsson L, Korhonen J, Mayrhofer S, Egervärn M, Giacomini M and Vandamme P, 2010. Intra- and interlaboratory performances of two commercial antimicrobial susceptibility testing methods for Bifidobacteria and nonenterococcal lactic acid bacteria. Antim. Agents Chemother. 54, 2567–2574.
53. Jain C, Yun M, Politz SM and Rao RP, 2009. A pathogenesis assay using Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Caenorhabditis elegans reveals novel roles for yeast AP-1, Yap1, and host dual oxidase BLI-3 in fungal pathogenesis. Eukaryot. Cell. 8, 8, 1218–1227.
54. Janow G, Lambert B, Scheiner M, Rosen O, Goldman DL and Soghier L, 2009. Leuconostoc septicemia in a preterm neonate on vancomycin therapy: case report and literature review. Am. J. Perinatol. 26, 89–91.
55. Kastner S, Perreten V, Bleuler H, Hugenschmidt G, Lacroix C and Meile L, 2006. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns and resistance genes of starter cultures and probiotic bacteria used in food. Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 29, 145–155.
56. Katla AK, Kruse H, Johnsen G and Herikstad H, 2001. Antimicrobial susceptibility of starter culture bacteria used in Norwegian dairy products. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 67, 147–152.
57. Kim JY, Inaoka T, Hirooka K, Matsuoka H, Murata M, Ohki R, Adachi Y, Fujita Y and Ochi K, 2009. Identification and characterization of a novel multidrug resistance operon, mdtRP (yusOP), of Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol. 191, 3273–3281.
58. Klare I, Konstabel C, Werner G, Huys G, Vankerckhoven V, Kahlmeter G, Hildebrandt B, Müller-Bertling S, Witte W and Goossens H, 2007. Antimicrobial susceptibilities of Lactobacillus, Pediococcus and Lactococcus human isolates and cultures intended for probiotic or nutritional use. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 59, 900–912.
59. Kurtzman CP, Robnett CJ and Basehoar-Powers E, 2008. Phylogenetic relationships among species of Pichia, Issatchenkia and Williopsis determined from multigene sequence analysis, and the proposal of Barnettozyma gen. nov., Lindnera gen. nov. and Wickerhamomyces gen. nov. FEMS Yeast Res. 6, 939–54.
60. Leuschner RGK, Robinson TP, Marta Hugas M, Cocconcelli PS, Richard-Forget F, Klein G, Licht TR, Nguyen-The C, Querol A, Richardson M, Suarez JE, Thrane U, Vlak JM and von Wright A, 2010. Qualified presumption of safety (QPS): a generic risk assessment approach for biological agents notified to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Trends Food Sci. Technol. 21, 9, 425–435.
61. Liu A, Samils N, Higgins B, Stenlid J, Slippers B, Nairn CJ and Coverts SF, 2009. Microsatellite markers for the wood decay fungus Phlebiopsis gigantean. Conserv. Genet. 10, 1529–1532.
62. List of prokaryotic names with standing nomenclature (LPSN), 2010. Retrieved from the website on 1 September 2010 at: www.bacterio.cict.fr/.
63. Love BE, Bonner-Stewart J and Forrest LA, 2009. An efficient synthesis of oosporein. Tetrahedron Lett., 50, 35, 5050–5052.
64. Ludemann V, Pose G, Moavro A, Maliaviabarrena MG, Fandino R, Ripoll G, Basilico JC and Pardo AG, 2009. Toxicological assessment of Penicillium nalgiovense strains for use as starter cultures in the manufacture of dry fermented sausages. J. Food Prot. 72, 8, 1666–1670.
65. Mahlen SD and Clarridge III JE, 2009. Site and clinical significance of Alloscardovia omnicolens and Bifidobacterium species isolated in the clinical laboratory. J. Clin. Microbiol. 47, 10, 3289–3293.
66. Mantzourani M, Fenlon M and Beighton D, 2009a. Association between Bifidobacteriaceae and the clinical severity of root caries lesions. Oral Microbiol. Immunol. 24, 1, 32–37.
67. Mantzourani M, Gilbert SC, Sulong HN, Sheehy EC, Tank S, Fenlon M and Beighton D, 2009b. The isolation of bifidobacteria from occlusal carious lesions in children and adults. Caries Res. 43, 4, 308–313.
68. Maragkoudakis PA, Papadelli M, Georgalaki M, Panayotopoulou EG, Martinez-Gonzalez B, Mentis AF, Petraki K, Sgouras DN and Tsakalidou E, 2009. In vitro and in vivo safety evaluation of the bacteriocin producer Streptococcus macedonicus ACA-DC 198. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 133, 1–2, 141-147.
69. Mathur S and Singh R, 2005. Antibiotic resistance in food lactic acid bacteria-a review. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 105, 281–295.
70. Mayrhofer S, Van Hoek AH, Maira C, Huysc G, Aarts HJ, Wolfgang Kneifel and Domig KJ, 2010. Antibiotic susceptibility of members of the Lactobacillus acidophilus group using broth microdilution and molecular identification of their resistance determinants. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 144, 1, 81–87.
71. Meng K, Wang YR, Yang PL, Luo HY, Bai YG, Shi PJ, Yuan TZ, Ma R and Yao B, 2010. Rapid detection and quantification of zearalenone-producing Fusarium species by targeting the zearalenone synthase gene PKS4. Food Control 21, 2, 207–211.
72. Merhej J, Boutigny AL, Pinson-Gadais L, Richard-Forget F and Barreau C, 2010. Acidic pH during in vitro culture is determinant for TRI genes expression and trichothecenes B biosynthesis in Fusarium graminearum. Food Addit. Contam. 27, 5, 710–717.
73. Mory F, Fougnot S, Rabaud C, Schuhmacher H and Lozniewski A, 2005. In vitro activities of quinupristin/dalfopristin, linezolid and other antibiotics alone and in combination against Propionibacterium acnes isolates from central nervous system infections. J. Animicrob. Agents Chemother. 55, 265–268.
74. Mostwaledi H, Mathekga K, Sein PP and Nemutavhanani DL, 2009. Paecilomyces lilacinus eumycetoma, Int. J. Dermatol. 48, 858–861.
75. Neela FA, Nonaka L, Rahman MH and Suzuki S, 2009. Transfer of the chromosomally encoded tetracycline resistance gene tet(M) from marine bacteria to Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis. World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 25, 1095–1101.
76. Nikolakopoulou TL, Giannoutsou EP, Karabatsou AA and Karagouni AD, 2008, Prevalence of tetracycline resistance genes in Greek seawater habitats. J. Microbiol. 46, 633–640.
77. Novais C, Coque TM, Sousa JC and Peixe LV, 2006. Antimicrobial resistance among faecal enterococci from healthy individuals in Portugal. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. 12, 11, 1131–1134.
78. O'Connor EB, O'Sullivan O, Stanton C, Danielsen M, Simpson PJ, Callanan MJ, Ross RP and Hill C, 2007. pEOC01: a plasmid from Pediococcus acidilactici which encodes an identical streptomycin resistance (aadE) gene to that found in Campylobacter jejuni. Plasmid 58, 115–126.
79. Official Journal, 1991. Council Directive (EC) No 91/414/EEC of 15 July 1991 concerning the placing on of plant protection products on the market. Official Journal 19.08.1991, L 230, 1–32.
80. Official Journal of the European Union, 2003. Regulation (EC) No 1831/2003 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2003 on additives for use in animal nutrition. Official Journal of the European Union 18.10.2003, L 268, 29–43.
81. Official Journal of the European Union, 2009. Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 October 2009 concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market and repealing Council Directives 79/117/EEC and 91/414/EEC. Official Journal of the European Union 24.11.2009, L 309, 1–49.
82. Oprica C and Nord C, 2005. European surveillance study on the antibiotic susceptibility of Propionibacterium acnes. Clin. Microbiol. Inf. 11, 204–213.
83. Quigley EMM, 2010. Prebiotics and probiotics; modifying and mining the microbiota. Pharmacol. Res. 61, 3, 213–218.
84. Reverberi M, Ricelli A, Zjalic S, Fabbri A and Fanelli C, 2010. Natural functions of mycotoxins and control of their biosynthesis in fungi. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 87, 899–911.
85. Rizzotti L, La Gioia F, Dellaglio F and Torriani S, 2009. Characterization of tetracycline-resistantStreptococcus thermophilus isolates from Italian soft cheeses. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 75, 12, 4224–4229.
86. Rochon D, Heikkilä, L and Belliveau B, 2009. Draft OECD Issue Paper ‘Discussion on microbial contaminants limits for microbial pest control products’ (2nd version), Health Evaluation Directorate, PMRA, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, 34pp.
87. Roland N, Leclerc A, Fodrevez M, Thierry A, Jamet E and Chamba J-F, 2007. Study on the antibioresistance in dairy propionic acid bacteria: a major criterion for safety evaluation. Poster in 2nd Int. Symposium on Propionibacteria and Bifidobacteria, Norway pp. 5–8.
88. Rojo-Bezares B, Sáenz Y, Poeta P, Zarazaga M, Ruiz-Larrea F and Torres C, 2006. Assessment of antibiotic susceptibility within lactic acid bacteria strains isolated from wine. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 111, 234–240.
89. Ross JI, Snelling AM, Eady EA, Cove JH, Cunlife WJ, Leyden JJ, Collignon P, Bredno B, Reynaud A, Fluhr J and Oshima S, 2001. Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of antibiotic resistant Propionibacterium acnes isolated from acne patients attending dermatology clinics in Europe, the U.S.A., Japan and Australia. British J. Dermatol. 144, 339–346.
90. Sampietro DA, Marin P, Iglesias J, Presello DA, Vattuone MA, Catalan CAN and Jaen MTG, 2010. A molecular based strategy for rapid diagnosis of toxigenic Fusarium species associated to cereal grains from Argentina. Fungal Biol. 114, 1, 74–81.
91. Sarkar D, Ghosh S and Venkateswaran RV, 2009. A biomimetic type expedient approach to the tricyclic core of xyloketals. Application to a short, stereocontrolled synthesis of alboatrin and a remarkable epi to natural isomerisation. Tetrahedron Lett. 50, 13, 1431–1434.
92. Scarano C, Virdis S, Cossu F, Frongia R, de Santis EPL and Cosseddu AM, 2009. The pattern of toxin genes and expression of diarrheal enterotoxins in Bacillus thuringiensis strains isolated from commercial bioinsecticides. Vet. Res. Commun. 33, Suppl. 1, S257–S260.
93. Schroers HJ, O'Donnell K, Lamprecht SC, Kammeyer PL, Johnson S, Sutton DA, Rinaldi MG, Geiser DM and Summerbell RC, 2009. Taxonomy and phylogeny of the Fusarium dimerum species group. Mycologia, 101, 1, 44–77.
94. Schuster A and Schmoll M, 2010. Biology and biotechnology of Trichoderma, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 87, 787–799.
95. Schwarzenbach K, Enkerli J and Widmer F, 2009. Effects of Beauveria brongniartii application on the indigenous soil fungal populations. Appl. Soil Ecol. 42, 1, 54–62.
96. Scientific Committee on Animal Nutrition (SCAN), 2003. Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Animal Nutrition on the criteria for assessing the safety of microorganisms resistant to antibiotics of human clinical and veterinary importance. European Commission Health and Consumer Protection Directorate-General, July 2001, updated April 2003.
97. Seifert KA, 2009. Progress towards DNA barcoding of fungi. Molec. Ecol. Resources 9, 83–89.
98. Scheepmaker JWA and Butt TM, 2010. Natural and release inoculum levels of entomopathogenic fungal biocontrol agents in soil in relation to risk assessment and in accordance with EU regulations. Biocontrol Sci. Technol. 20, 5, 503–552.
99. Shoji H, Yoshida K and Niki Y, 2010. Lung abscess and pleuritis caused by Lactobacillus rhamnosus in an immunocompetent patient. J. Infect. Chemother. 16, 45–48.
100. Spano G, Russo P, Lonvaud-Funel A, Lucas P, Alexandre H, Grandvalet C, Coton E, Coton C, Barnavon L, Bach B, Rattray F, Bunte A, Magni C, Ladero V, Alvarez M, Fernández M, Lopez P, de Palencia PF, Corbi A, Trip H and Lolkema V, 2010. Biogenic amines in fermented foods. European J. Clin. Nutrit. 64, S95–S100.
101. Stoppacher N, Kluger B, Zeilinger S, Krska R and Schumacher R, 2010. Identification and profiling of volatile metabolites of the biocontrol fungus Trichoderma atroviride by HS-SPME-GC-MS. J. Microbiol. Meth. 8, 12, 187–193.
102. Suh B, 2010. Resolution of persistent Pediococcus bacteremia with daptomycin treatment: case report and review of the literature. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 66, 111–115.
103. Suwannakham S, Huang Y and Yan S-T, 2005. Construction and characterization of ack knock-out mutants of Propionibacterium acidipropionici for enhanced propionic acid fermentation. Biotecnol. Bioeng. 94, 383–395.
104. Szarewski A, 2010. HPV vaccine: Cervarix. Expert Opin. Biol. Ther. 10, 3, 477–487.
105. Tenorio C, Zarazaga M, Martínez C and Torres C, 2001. Bifunctional enzyme 60-N-aminoglycoside acetyltransferase-2″-O-aminoglycoside phosphotransferase in Lactobacillus and Pediococcus isolates of animal origin. J. Clin. Microbiol. 39, 2, 824–825.
106. Tholpady SS, Sifri CD, Sawyer RG, Hazen KC, Pruett TL and Bonatti H, 2010. Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides blood stream infection following liver transplantation. Ann. Transplant. 15, 61–66.
107. Tisch D and Schmoll M, 2010. Light regulation of metabolic pathways in fungi. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 85, 1259–1277.
108. Tomprefa N, McQuilken MP, Hill RA and Whipps JM, 2009. Antimicrobial activity of Coniothyrium minitans and its macrolide antibiotic macrosphelide A. J. Appl. Microbiol. 106, 2048–2056.
109. Toomey N, Bolton D and Fanning S, 2010. Characterisation and transferability of antibiotic resistance genes from lactic acid bacteria isolated from Irish pork and beef abattoirs. Res. Microbiol. 161, 127–135.
110. Toriello C, Perez-Torres A, Vega-Garcia F, Navarro-Barranco H, Perez-Mejia A, Lorenzana-Jimenez M, Hernandez-Velazquez V and Mier T, 2009. Lack of pathogenicity and toxicity of the mycoinsecticide Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum following acute gastric exposure in mice. Ecotoxicol. Environm. Safety 72, 8, 2153–2157.
111. Tosi L, Berruti G, Danielsen M, Wind A, Huys G and Morelli L, 2007. Susceptibility of Streptococcus thermophilus to antibiotics. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 92, 1, 21–8.
112. Unal A, Kocyigit I, Sipahioglu MH, Tokgoz B, Oymak O and Utas C, 2010. Fungal peritonitis in peritoneal dialysis: an analysis of 21 cases. Int Urol Nephrol. Jun 6 in press.
113. Vallance J, Le Floch G, Deniel F, Barbier G, Levesque A and Rey P, 2009. Influence of Pythium oligandrum biocontrol on fungal and oomycete population dynamics in the rhizosphere. Appl. Environm. Microbiol. 75, 14, 4790–4980.
114. Vanberg C, Lutnaes BJ, Langsrud T, Langsrud T, Nes I and Holo H, 2007. Propionibacterium jensenii produces the polyene pigment granadaene and has haemolytic properties similar to those of Streptococcus agalactiae. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73. 5501–5506.
115. Van Schaik W, Top J, Riley DR, Boekhorst J, Vrijenhoek JEP, Schapendonk CME, Hendrickx A.P.A., Nijman IJ, Bonten MJM, Tettelin H and Willems RJL, 2010. Pyrosequencing-based comparative genome analysis of the nosocomial pathogen Enterococcus faecium and identification of a large transferable pathogenicity. BMC Genomics 11, 239–256.
116. Varga J, Frisvad JC and Samson RA. 2007. Polyphasic taxonomy of Aspergillus section Candidi based on molecular, morphological and physiological data. Studies in Mycol. 59, 75–88.
117. Vay C, Cittadini R, Barberis C, Hernán Rodríguez C, Perez Martínez H, Genero F and Famiglietti A, 2007. Antimicrobial susceptibility of non-enterococcal intrinsic glycopeptide-resistant Gram-positive organisms. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 57, 183–188.
118. Wannaprasat W, Koowatananukul C, Ekkapobyotin C and Chuanchuen R, 2009. Quality analysis of commercial probiotic products for food animals. Southeast Asian J. Tropical Med. Publ. Health 40, 1103–1112.
119. Whelan K and Myers CE, 2010. Safety of probiotics in patients receiving nutritional support: a systematic review of case reports, randomized controlled trials, and nonrandomized trials. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 91, 3, 687–703.
120. Wind RD, Tolboom H, Klare I, Huys G and Knol J, 2010. Tolerance and safety of the potentially probiotic strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus PRSF-L477: a randomised, double-blind placebo-controlled trial in healthy volunteers. Br. J. Nutr. 9 August 1-11. Retrieved on 18 November 2010 [journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=enline&aid=7870096].
121. Yamazaki R, Mori T, Sugita K, Aisa Y, Ikeda Y and Okamoto S, 2009. Leuconostoc septicemia in a neutropenic patient with acute myelogenous leukemia relapsed after allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. Transpl. Infect. Dis. 11, 94–95.
122. Yossuck P, Miller-Canfield P, Moffett K and Graeber J, 2009. Leuconostoc spp sepsis in an extremely low birth weight infant: a case report and review of the literature. W V Med. J. 105, 24–27.
123. Yuan XY, Wilhelmus KR, Matoba AY, Alexandrakis G, Miller D and Huang AJW, 2009. Pathogenesis and outcome of Paecilomyces keratitis. Amer. J. Ophthalmol. 147, 4, 691–696.
124. Zago M, Huys G and Giraffa G, 2010. Molecular basis and transferability of tetracycline resistance in Enterococcus italicus LMG 22195 from fermented milk. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 15, 142, 1–2, 234-236.
125. Zhang A and Yang S-T, 2009. Engineering Propionibacterium acidipropionici for enhanced propionic acid tolerance and fermentation. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 104, 4, 766–73.