메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2016, Pages 340-351

Injection site reactions after subcutaneous oligonucleotide therapy

Author keywords

antisense; injection site reaction; oligonucleotide; subcutaneous

Indexed keywords

AGATOLIMOD; ALICAFORSEN; ATL 03; ATL 1102; CPG 10101; DRISAPERSEN; HYB 2055; IMO 3100; IMO 8400; ISIS 104838; ISIS 113715; ISIS 14803; ISIS 325568; ISIS 416858; MIPOMERSEN; MIRAVIRSEN; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; VOLANESORSEN;

EID: 84978732978     PISSN: 03065251     EISSN: 13652125     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12961     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (34)

References (103)
  • 1
    • 0000015743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antisense oligonucleotides: basic concepts and mechanisms
    • Dias N, Stein CA. Antisense oligonucleotides: basic concepts and mechanisms. Mol Cancer Ther 2002; 1: 347–55.
    • (2002) Mol Cancer Ther , vol.1 , pp. 347-355
    • Dias, N.1    Stein, C.A.2
  • 2
    • 0036476320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From A to Z on CpG
    • Krieg AM. From A to Z on CpG. Trends Immunol 2002; 23: 64–5.
    • (2002) Trends Immunol , vol.23 , pp. 64-65
    • Krieg, A.M.1
  • 3
    • 1642633533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxicological evaluation of oligonucleotide therapeutics
    • Marquis JK, Grindel JM. Toxicological evaluation of oligonucleotide therapeutics. Curr Opin Mol Ther 2000; 2: 258–63.
    • (2000) Curr Opin Mol Ther , vol.2 , pp. 258-263
    • Marquis, J.K.1    Grindel, J.M.2
  • 4
    • 0033052318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthetic oligonucleotides: the development of antisense therapeutics
    • Monteith DK, Levin AA. Synthetic oligonucleotides: the development of antisense therapeutics. Toxicol Pathol 1999; 27: 8–13.
    • (1999) Toxicol Pathol , vol.27 , pp. 8-13
    • Monteith, D.K.1    Levin, A.A.2
  • 7
    • 85028480792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mipomersen FDA Briefing Document NDA 203568. Endocrinologic and Metabolic Drugs Advisory Committee Meeting, 18 October 2012.
  • 8
    • 85028481414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genzyme Corporation. KYNAMRO: Highlights of prescribing information. Cambridge, MA: Genzyme Corporation, 2013.
  • 9
    • 85028481511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reuters T. Integrity. Available at: http://thomsonreuters.com/en/products-services/pharma-life-sciences/pharmaceutical-research/integrity.html (last accessed 18 February 2015).
  • 10
    • 33750207033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potent reduction of apolipoprotein B and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by short-term administration of an antisense inhibitor of apolipoprotein B
    • Kastelein JJ, Wedel MK, Baker BF, Su J, Bradley JD, Yu RZ, et al. Potent reduction of apolipoprotein B and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by short-term administration of an antisense inhibitor of apolipoprotein B. Circulation 2006; 114: 1729–35.
    • (2006) Circulation , vol.114 , pp. 1729-1735
    • Kastelein, J.J.1    Wedel, M.K.2    Baker, B.F.3    Su, J.4    Bradley, J.D.5    Yu, R.Z.6
  • 11
    • 84855184648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase III randomized study of gemcitabine and cisplatin with or without PF-3512676 (TLR9 agonist) as first-line treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer
    • Manegold C, van Zandwijk N, Szczesna A, Zatloukal P, Au JS, Blasinska-Morawiec M, et al. A phase III randomized study of gemcitabine and cisplatin with or without PF-3512676 (TLR9 agonist) as first-line treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2012; 23: 72–7.
    • (2012) Ann Oncol , vol.23 , pp. 72-77
    • Manegold, C.1    van Zandwijk, N.2    Szczesna, A.3    Zatloukal, P.4    Au, J.S.5    Blasinska-Morawiec, M.6
  • 12
    • 0035045185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Absence of efficacy of subcutaneous antisense ICAM-1 treatment of chronic active Crohn's disease
    • Schreiber S, Nikolaus S, Malchow H, Kruis W, Lochs H, Raedler A, et al. Absence of efficacy of subcutaneous antisense ICAM-1 treatment of chronic active Crohn's disease. Gastroenterology 2001; 120: 1339–46.
    • (2001) Gastroenterology , vol.120 , pp. 1339-1346
    • Schreiber, S.1    Nikolaus, S.2    Malchow, H.3    Kruis, W.4    Lochs, H.5    Raedler, A.6
  • 15
    • 28844476544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase I trial of an antisense inhibitor of hepatitis C virus (ISIS 14803), administered to chronic hepatitis C patients
    • McHutchison JG, Patel K, Pockros P, Nyberg L, Pianko S, Yu RZ, et al. A phase I trial of an antisense inhibitor of hepatitis C virus (ISIS 14803), administered to chronic hepatitis C patients. J Hepatol 2006; 44: 88–96.
    • (2006) J Hepatol , vol.44 , pp. 88-96
    • McHutchison, J.G.1    Patel, K.2    Pockros, P.3    Nyberg, L.4    Pianko, S.5    Yu, R.Z.6
  • 16
    • 77949676231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Locked nucleic acids: promising nucleic acid analogs for therapeutic applications
    • Veedu RN, Wengel J. Locked nucleic acids: promising nucleic acid analogs for therapeutic applications. Chem Biodivers 2010; 7: 536–42.
    • (2010) Chem Biodivers , vol.7 , pp. 536-542
    • Veedu, R.N.1    Wengel, J.2
  • 17
    • 84868347571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structure activity relationships of alpha-L-LNA modified phosphorothioate gapmer antisense oligonucleotides in animals
    • Seth PP, Jazayeri A, Yu J, Allerson CR, Bhat B, Swayze EE. Structure activity relationships of alpha-L-LNA modified phosphorothioate gapmer antisense oligonucleotides in animals. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2012; 1: e47.
    • (2012) Mol Ther Nucleic Acids , vol.1
    • Seth, P.P.1    Jazayeri, A.2    Yu, J.3    Allerson, C.R.4    Bhat, B.5    Swayze, E.E.6
  • 18
    • 84880915038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oligonucleotide conjugates for therapeutic applications
    • Winkler J. Oligonucleotide conjugates for therapeutic applications. Ther Deliv 2013; 4: 791–809.
    • (2013) Ther Deliv , vol.4 , pp. 791-809
    • Winkler, J.1
  • 19
    • 84936972906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthetic RNAi triggers and their use in chronic hepatitis B therapies with curative intent
    • Gish RG, Yuen MF, Chan HL, Given BD, Lai CL, Locarnini SA, et al. Synthetic RNAi triggers and their use in chronic hepatitis B therapies with curative intent. Antiviral Res 2015; 121: 97–108.
    • (2015) Antiviral Res , vol.121 , pp. 97-108
    • Gish, R.G.1    Yuen, M.F.2    Chan, H.L.3    Given, B.D.4    Lai, C.L.5    Locarnini, S.A.6
  • 20
    • 85028481704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaillant A, Bazinet M. Oligonucleotide chelate complexes. International Patent Application No. PCT/CA2011/000956, 2012.
  • 21
    • 84872093800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targeted nanoparticle delivery overcomes off-target immunostimulatory effects of oligonucleotides and improves therapeutic efficacy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    • Yu B, Mao Y, Bai LY, Herman SE, Wang X, Ramanunni A, et al. Targeted nanoparticle delivery overcomes off-target immunostimulatory effects of oligonucleotides and improves therapeutic efficacy in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood 2013; 121: 136–47.
    • (2013) Blood , vol.121 , pp. 136-147
    • Yu, B.1    Mao, Y.2    Bai, L.Y.3    Herman, S.E.4    Wang, X.5    Ramanunni, A.6
  • 22
    • 84925243783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preclinical studies on intestinal administration of antisense oligonucleotides as a model for oral delivery for treatment of duchenne muscular dystrophy
    • van Putten M, Young C, van den Berg S, Pronk A, Hulsker M, Karnaoukh TG, et al. Preclinical studies on intestinal administration of antisense oligonucleotides as a model for oral delivery for treatment of duchenne muscular dystrophy. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2014; 3: e211.
    • (2014) Mol Ther Nucleic Acids , vol.3
    • van Putten, M.1    Young, C.2    van den Berg, S.3    Pronk, A.4    Hulsker, M.5    Karnaoukh, T.G.6
  • 23
    • 40249088259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The DNA sugar backbone 2' deoxyribose determines toll-like receptor 9 activation
    • Haas T, Metzger J, Schmitz F, Heit A, Muller T, Latz E, et al. The DNA sugar backbone 2' deoxyribose determines toll-like receptor 9 activation. Immunity 2008; 28: 315–23.
    • (2008) Immunity , vol.28 , pp. 315-323
    • Haas, T.1    Metzger, J.2    Schmitz, F.3    Heit, A.4    Muller, T.5    Latz, E.6
  • 24
    • 32944462310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG motif-independent activation of TLR9 upon endosomal translocation of ‘natural’ phosphodiester DNA
    • Yasuda K, Rutz M, Schlatter B, Metzger J, Luppa PB, Schmitz F, et al. CpG motif-independent activation of TLR9 upon endosomal translocation of ‘natural’ phosphodiester DNA. Eur J Immunol 2006; 36: 431–6.
    • (2006) Eur J Immunol , vol.36 , pp. 431-436
    • Yasuda, K.1    Rutz, M.2    Schlatter, B.3    Metzger, J.4    Luppa, P.B.5    Schmitz, F.6
  • 25
    • 85013738286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Greaves P. Histopathology of Preclinical Toxicity Studies: Interpretation and Relevance in Drug Safety Evaluation. London: Academic Press, 2012.
  • 26
    • 1542615639 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immune surveillance in the skin: mechanisms and clinical consequences
    • Kupper TS, Fuhlbrigge RC. Immune surveillance in the skin: mechanisms and clinical consequences. Nat Rev Immunol 2004; 4: 211–22.
    • (2004) Nat Rev Immunol , vol.4 , pp. 211-222
    • Kupper, T.S.1    Fuhlbrigge, R.C.2
  • 27
    • 0142087834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed drug hypersensitivity reactions
    • Pichler WJ. Delayed drug hypersensitivity reactions. Ann Intern Med 2003; 139: 683–93.
    • (2003) Ann Intern Med , vol.139 , pp. 683-693
    • Pichler, W.J.1
  • 28
    • 53149103245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug-elicited systemic allergic (contact) dermatitis – update and possible pathomechanisms
    • Thyssen JP, Maibach HI. Drug-elicited systemic allergic (contact) dermatitis – update and possible pathomechanisms. Contact Dermatitis 2008; 59: 195–202.
    • (2008) Contact Dermatitis , vol.59 , pp. 195-202
    • Thyssen, J.P.1    Maibach, H.I.2
  • 29
    • 67649224541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug-induced cutaneous pathology
    • Ramdial PK, Naidoo DK. Drug-induced cutaneous pathology. J Clin Pathol 2009; 62: 493–504.
    • (2009) J Clin Pathol , vol.62 , pp. 493-504
    • Ramdial, P.K.1    Naidoo, D.K.2
  • 30
    • 21344433919 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase I clinical trial of a ribozyme-based angiogenesis inhibitor targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 for patients with refractory solid tumors
    • Weng DE, Masci PA, Radka SF, Jackson TE, Weiss PA, Ganapathi R, et al. A phase I clinical trial of a ribozyme-based angiogenesis inhibitor targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 for patients with refractory solid tumors. Mol Cancer Ther 2005; 4: 948–55.
    • (2005) Mol Cancer Ther , vol.4 , pp. 948-955
    • Weng, D.E.1    Masci, P.A.2    Radka, S.F.3    Jackson, T.E.4    Weiss, P.A.5    Ganapathi, R.6
  • 31
    • 77957565502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation: a review of the epidemiology, clinical features, and treatment options in skin of color
    • Davis EC, Callender VD. Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation: a review of the epidemiology, clinical features, and treatment options in skin of color. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol 2010; 3: 20–31.
    • (2010) J Clin Aesthet Dermatol , vol.3 , pp. 20-31
    • Davis, E.C.1    Callender, V.D.2
  • 33
    • 77950187449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crosstalk pathways between Toll-like receptors and the complement system
    • Hajishengallis G, Lambris JD. Crosstalk pathways between Toll-like receptors and the complement system. Trends Immunol 2010; 31: 154–63.
    • (2010) Trends Immunol , vol.31 , pp. 154-163
    • Hajishengallis, G.1    Lambris, J.D.2
  • 34
    • 85028480711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bauer S, Hartmann G. Toll-Like Receptors (TLRs) and Innate Immunity. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 2004.
  • 35
    • 23944493932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-CpG-containing antisense 2'-methoxyethyl oligonucleotides activate a proinflammatory response independent of Toll-like receptor 9 or myeloid differentiation factor 88
    • Senn JJ, Burel S, Henry SP. Non-CpG-containing antisense 2'-methoxyethyl oligonucleotides activate a proinflammatory response independent of Toll-like receptor 9 or myeloid differentiation factor 88. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2005; 314: 972–9.
    • (2005) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.314 , pp. 972-979
    • Senn, J.J.1    Burel, S.2    Henry, S.P.3
  • 36
    • 11144282529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of Toll-like receptors in antisense and siRNA [corrected]
    • Agrawal S, Kandimalla ER. Role of Toll-like receptors in antisense and siRNA [corrected]. Nat Biotechnol 2004; 22: 1533–7.
    • (2004) Nat Biotechnol , vol.22 , pp. 1533-1537
    • Agrawal, S.1    Kandimalla, E.R.2
  • 37
    • 70349464391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of the immune system by therapeutic antisense oligodeoxynucleotides and small interfering RNAs via nucleic acid receptors
    • Richardt-Pargmann D, Vollmer J. Stimulation of the immune system by therapeutic antisense oligodeoxynucleotides and small interfering RNAs via nucleic acid receptors. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2009; 1175: 40–54.
    • (2009) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1175 , pp. 40-54
    • Richardt-Pargmann, D.1    Vollmer, J.2
  • 38
    • 84878247636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preclinical evaluation of the toxicological effects of a novel constrained ethyl modified antisense compound targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription three in mice and cynomolgus monkeys
    • Burel SA, Han SR, Lee HS, Norris DA, Lee BS, Machemer T, et al. Preclinical evaluation of the toxicological effects of a novel constrained ethyl modified antisense compound targeting signal transducer and activator of transcription three in mice and cynomolgus monkeys. Nucleic Acid Ther 2013; 23: 213–27.
    • (2013) Nucleic Acid Ther , vol.23 , pp. 213-227
    • Burel, S.A.1    Han, S.R.2    Lee, H.S.3    Norris, D.A.4    Lee, B.S.5    Machemer, T.6
  • 39
    • 84862503612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unique O-methoxyethyl ribose-DNA chimeric oligonucleotide induces an atypical melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5-dependent induction of type I interferon response
    • Burel SA, Machemer T, Ragone FL, Kato H, Cauntay P, Greenlee S, et al. Unique O-methoxyethyl ribose-DNA chimeric oligonucleotide induces an atypical melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5-dependent induction of type I interferon response. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2012; 342: 150–62.
    • (2012) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.342 , pp. 150-162
    • Burel, S.A.1    Machemer, T.2    Ragone, F.L.3    Kato, H.4    Cauntay, P.5    Greenlee, S.6
  • 40
    • 84978690867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement system in dermatological diseases – fire under the skin
    • Panelius J, Meri S. Complement system in dermatological diseases – fire under the skin. Front Med (Lausanne) 2015; 2: 3.
    • (2015) Front Med (Lausanne) , vol.2 , pp. 3
    • Panelius, J.1    Meri, S.2
  • 41
    • 0027246378 scopus 로고
    • Local and systemic activation of the whole complement cascade in human leukocytoclastic cutaneous vasculitis; C3d,g and terminal complement complex as sensitive markers
    • Dauchel H, Joly P, Delpech A, Thomine E, Sauger F, Le Loet X, et al. Local and systemic activation of the whole complement cascade in human leukocytoclastic cutaneous vasculitis; C3d,g and terminal complement complex as sensitive markers. Clin Exp Immunol 1993; 92: 274–83.
    • (1993) Clin Exp Immunol , vol.92 , pp. 274-283
    • Dauchel, H.1    Joly, P.2    Delpech, A.3    Thomine, E.4    Sauger, F.5    Le Loet, X.6
  • 44
    • 84863259511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An overview of the clinical safety experience of first- and second-generation antisense oligonucleotides
    • In, 2nd, edn, ed, Crooke ST, Boca Raton, FL, CRC Pres
    • Kwoh JT. An overview of the clinical safety experience of first- and second-generation antisense oligonucleotides. In: Antisense Drug Technology: Principles, Strategies and Applications, 2nd edn, ed Crooke ST. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2008; 365–99.
    • (2008) Antisense Drug Technology: Principles, Strategies and Applications , pp. 365-399
    • Kwoh, J.T.1
  • 47
    • 71349087314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG-ODNs induces up-regulated expression of chemokine CCL9 in mouse macrophages and microglia
    • Ravindran C, Cheng YC, Liang SM. CpG-ODNs induces up-regulated expression of chemokine CCL9 in mouse macrophages and microglia. Cell Immunol 2010; 260: 113–8.
    • (2010) Cell Immunol , vol.260 , pp. 113-118
    • Ravindran, C.1    Cheng, Y.C.2    Liang, S.M.3
  • 48
    • 46649095807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictivity of animal studies for human injection site reactions with parenteral drug products
    • Engelhardt JA. Predictivity of animal studies for human injection site reactions with parenteral drug products. Exp Toxicol Pathol 2008; 60: 323–7.
    • (2008) Exp Toxicol Pathol , vol.60 , pp. 323-327
    • Engelhardt, J.A.1
  • 49
    • 0030922755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of the alternative pathway of complement by a phosphorothioate oligonucleotide: potential mechanism of action
    • Henry SP, Giclas PC, Leeds J, Pangburn M, Auletta C, Levin AA, et al. Activation of the alternative pathway of complement by a phosphorothioate oligonucleotide: potential mechanism of action. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1997; 281: 810–6.
    • (1997) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.281 , pp. 810-816
    • Henry, S.P.1    Giclas, P.C.2    Leeds, J.3    Pangburn, M.4    Auletta, C.5    Levin, A.A.6
  • 50
    • 77956117171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Newly identified CpG ODNs, M5-30 and M6-395, stimulate mouse immune cells to secrete TNF-alpha and enhance Th1-mediated immunity
    • Choi SS, Chung E, Jung YJ. Newly identified CpG ODNs, M5-30 and M6-395, stimulate mouse immune cells to secrete TNF-alpha and enhance Th1-mediated immunity. J Microbiol 2010; 48: 512–7.
    • (2010) J Microbiol , vol.48 , pp. 512-517
    • Choi, S.S.1    Chung, E.2    Jung, Y.J.3
  • 51
    • 0037255325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oligodeoxynucleotide studies in primates: antisense and immune stimulatory indications
    • Farman CA, Kornbrust DJ. Oligodeoxynucleotide studies in primates: antisense and immune stimulatory indications. Toxicol Pathol 2003; 31 (Suppl): 119–22.
    • (2003) Toxicol Pathol , vol.31 , pp. 119-122
    • Farman, C.A.1    Kornbrust, D.J.2
  • 52
    • 0036844423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complement activation is responsible for acute toxicities in rhesus monkeys treated with a phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide
    • Henry SP, Beattie G, Yeh G, Chappel A, Giclas P, Mortari A, et al. Complement activation is responsible for acute toxicities in rhesus monkeys treated with a phosphorothioate oligodeoxynucleotide. Int Immunopharmacol 2002; 2: 1657–66.
    • (2002) Int Immunopharmacol , vol.2 , pp. 1657-1666
    • Henry, S.P.1    Beattie, G.2    Yeh, G.3    Chappel, A.4    Giclas, P.5    Mortari, A.6
  • 53
  • 54
    • 0023115057 scopus 로고
    • Sulfone therapy in the treatment of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Report of three cases
    • Fredenberg MF, Malkinson FD. Sulfone therapy in the treatment of leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Report of three cases. J Am Acad Dermatol 1987; 16: 772–8.
    • (1987) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.16 , pp. 772-778
    • Fredenberg, M.F.1    Malkinson, F.D.2
  • 55
    • 0036896204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase I trial of ISIS 104838, a 2´-methoxyethyl modified antisense oligonucleotide targeting tumor necrosis factor-alpha
    • Sewell KL, Geary RS, Baker BF, Glover JM, Mant TG, Yu RZ, Tami JA, Dorr FA. Phase I trial of ISIS 104838, a 2´-methoxyethyl modified antisense oligonucleotide targeting tumor necrosis factor-alpha. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2002; 303: 1334–43.
    • (2002) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.303 , pp. 1334-1343
    • Sewell, K.L.1    Geary, R.S.2    Baker, B.F.3    Glover, J.M.4    Mant, T.G.5    Yu, R.Z.6    Tami, J.A.7    Dorr, F.A.8
  • 56
    • 84904663172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in mipomersen dosing regimen provide similar exposure with improved tolerability in randomized placebo-controlled study of healthy volunteers
    • Flaim JD, Grundy JS, Baker BF, McGowan MP, Kastelein JJ. Changes in mipomersen dosing regimen provide similar exposure with improved tolerability in randomized placebo-controlled study of healthy volunteers. J Am Heart Assoc 2014; 3: e000560.
    • (2014) J Am Heart Assoc , vol.3
    • Flaim, J.D.1    Grundy, J.S.2    Baker, B.F.3    McGowan, M.P.4    Kastelein, J.J.5
  • 57
    • 77951072532 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of apolipoprotein-B synthesis inhibition on liver triglyceride content in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia
    • Visser ME, Akdim F, Tribble DL, Nederveen AJ, Kwoh TJ, Kastelein JJP, et al. Effect of apolipoprotein-B synthesis inhibition on liver triglyceride content in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. J Lipid Res 2010; 51: 1057–62.
    • (2010) J Lipid Res , vol.51 , pp. 1057-1062
    • Visser, M.E.1    Akdim, F.2    Tribble, D.L.3    Nederveen, A.J.4    Kwoh, T.J.5    Kastelein, J.J.P.6
  • 58
    • 84978771398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mipomersen, an apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, reduces LDL-C in HoFH pediatric patients
    • Selvey S, Raal FJ. Mipomersen, an apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, reduces LDL-C in HoFH pediatric patients. J Clin Lipidol 2014; 8: 330.
    • (2014) J Clin Lipidol , vol.8 , pp. 330
    • Selvey, S.1    Raal, F.J.2
  • 59
    • 77949485460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mipomersen, an apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, for lowering of LDL cholesterol concentrations in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Raal FJ, Santos RD, Blom DJ, Marais AD, Charng MJ, Cromwell WC, et al. Mipomersen, an apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, for lowering of LDL cholesterol concentrations in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2010; 375: 998–1006.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.375 , pp. 998-1006
    • Raal, F.J.1    Santos, R.D.2    Blom, D.J.3    Marais, A.D.4    Charng, M.J.5    Cromwell, W.C.6
  • 60
    • 84924415690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term efficacy and safety of mipomersen in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia: 2-year interim results of an open-label extension
    • Santos RD, Duell PB, East C, Guyton JR, Moriarty PM, Chin W, et al. Long-term efficacy and safety of mipomersen in patients with familial hypercholesterolaemia: 2-year interim results of an open-label extension. Eur Heart J 2015; 36: 566–75.
    • (2015) Eur Heart J , vol.36 , pp. 566-575
    • Santos, R.D.1    Duell, P.B.2    East, C.3    Guyton, J.R.4    Moriarty, P.M.5    Chin, W.6
  • 61
    • 79959661095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibition in subjects with mild-to-moderate hyperlipidaemia
    • Akdim F, Tribble DL, Flaim JD, Yu R, Su J, Geary RS, et al. Efficacy of apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibition in subjects with mild-to-moderate hyperlipidaemia. Eur Heart J 2011; 32: 2650–9.
    • (2011) Eur Heart J , vol.32 , pp. 2650-2659
    • Akdim, F.1    Tribble, D.L.2    Flaim, J.D.3    Yu, R.4    Su, J.5    Geary, R.S.6
  • 62
    • 77951069859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of mipomersen, an apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia
    • Akdim F, Visser ME, Tribble DL, Baker BF, Stroes ES, Yu R, et al. Effect of mipomersen, an apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia. Am J Cardiol 2010; 105: 1413–9.
    • (2010) Am J Cardiol , vol.105 , pp. 1413-1419
    • Akdim, F.1    Visser, M.E.2    Tribble, D.L.3    Baker, B.F.4    Stroes, E.S.5    Yu, R.6
  • 63
    • 77950332314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of mipomersen, an antisense inhibitor of apolipoprotein B, in hypercholesterolemic subjects receiving stable statin therapy
    • Akdim F, Stroes ES, Sijbrands EJ, Tribble DL, Trip MD, Jukema JW, et al. Efficacy and safety of mipomersen, an antisense inhibitor of apolipoprotein B, in hypercholesterolemic subjects receiving stable statin therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol 2010; 55: 1611–8.
    • (2010) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.55 , pp. 1611-1618
    • Akdim, F.1    Stroes, E.S.2    Sijbrands, E.J.3    Tribble, D.L.4    Trip, M.D.5    Jukema, J.W.6
  • 64
    • 84888090979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mipomersen, an apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, reduces atherogenic lipoproteins in patients with severe hypercholesterolemia at high cardiovascular risk: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Thomas GS, Cromwell WC, Ali S, Chin W, Flaim JD, Davidson M. Mipomersen, an apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, reduces atherogenic lipoproteins in patients with severe hypercholesterolemia at high cardiovascular risk: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Am Coll Cardiol 2013; 62: 2178–84.
    • (2013) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.62 , pp. 2178-2184
    • Thomas, G.S.1    Cromwell, W.C.2    Ali, S.3    Chin, W.4    Flaim, J.D.5    Davidson, M.6
  • 65
    • 85006613031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of mipomersen administered as add-on therapy in patients with hypercholesterolemia and high cardiovascular risk
    • Cromwell WC, Thomas GS, Boltje I, Chin W, Davidson M. Safety and efficacy of mipomersen administered as add-on therapy in patients with hypercholesterolemia and high cardiovascular risk. J Clin Lipidol 2012; 6: 291–2.
    • (2012) J Clin Lipidol , vol.6 , pp. 291-292
    • Cromwell, W.C.1    Thomas, G.S.2    Boltje, I.3    Chin, W.4    Davidson, M.5
  • 66
    • 84978763222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mipomersen, a first-in-class apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, lowers lipoprotein (a) in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia
    • Cromwell WC, Santos RD, Blom DJ, Marais DA, Lachmann RH, Gaudet D, et al. Mipomersen, a first-in-class apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, lowers lipoprotein (a) in patients with homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. J Clin Lipidol 2010; 4: 221.
    • (2010) J Clin Lipidol , vol.4 , pp. 221
    • Cromwell, W.C.1    Santos, R.D.2    Blom, D.J.3    Marais, D.A.4    Lachmann, R.H.5    Gaudet, D.6
  • 67
    • 84868518061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibition with mipomersen in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess efficacy and safety as add-on therapy in patients with coronary artery disease
    • Stein EA, Dufour R, Gagne C, Gaudet D, East C, Donovan JM, et al. Apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibition with mipomersen in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia: results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess efficacy and safety as add-on therapy in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation 2012; 126: 2283–92.
    • (2012) Circulation , vol.126 , pp. 2283-2292
    • Stein, E.A.1    Dufour, R.2    Gagne, C.3    Gaudet, D.4    East, C.5    Donovan, J.M.6
  • 68
    • 84978771389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibition by mipomersen reduces LDL-C when added to maximally tolerated lipid-lowering medication in patients with severe heterozygous hypercholesterolemia
    • Tardif J-C, Ceska R, Burgess L, Soran H, Gouni-Berthold I, Wagener G, et al. Apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibition by mipomersen reduces LDL-C when added to maximally tolerated lipid-lowering medication in patients with severe heterozygous hypercholesterolemia. J Clin Lipidol 2011; 5: 219–20.
    • (2011) J Clin Lipidol , vol.5 , pp. 219-220
    • Tardif, J.-C.1    Ceska, R.2    Burgess, L.3    Soran, H.4    Gouni-Berthold, I.5    Wagener, G.6
  • 69
    • 84978771367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long term efficacy and safety of mipomersen during 4 years of treatment in a cohort of patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and coronary artery disease (CAD)
    • Duell PB, Rose JE, Selvey S, Alam S, Mittleman R. Long term efficacy and safety of mipomersen during 4 years of treatment in a cohort of patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia and coronary artery disease (CAD). J Clin Lipidol 2013; 7: 276.
    • (2013) J Clin Lipidol , vol.7 , pp. 276
    • Duell, P.B.1    Rose, J.E.2    Selvey, S.3    Alam, S.4    Mittleman, R.5
  • 70
    • 84870067031 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of mipomersen on lipoprotein (A) in patients with hypercholesterolemia across four phase III studies
    • Tsimikas S, Witztum J, Catapano A. Effect of mipomersen on lipoprotein (A) in patients with hypercholesterolemia across four phase III studies. J Am Coll Cardiol 2012; 59: E1494.
    • (2012) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.59
    • Tsimikas, S.1    Witztum, J.2    Catapano, A.3
  • 71
    • 84860615159 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mipomersen, an apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in high-risk statin-intolerant patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Visser ME, Wagener G, Baker BF, Geary RS, Donovan JM, Beuers UHW, et al. Mipomersen, an apolipoprotein B synthesis inhibitor, lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in high-risk statin-intolerant patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Eur Heart J 2012; 33: 1142–9.
    • (2012) Eur Heart J , vol.33 , pp. 1142-1149
    • Visser, M.E.1    Wagener, G.2    Baker, B.F.3    Geary, R.S.4    Donovan, J.M.5    Beuers, U.H.W.6
  • 72
    • 77957064963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mipomersen as a potential adjunctive therapy for hypercholesterolemia
    • Patel N, Hegele RA. Mipomersen as a potential adjunctive therapy for hypercholesterolemia. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2010; 11: 2569–72.
    • (2010) Expert Opin Pharmacother , vol.11 , pp. 2569-2572
    • Patel, N.1    Hegele, R.A.2
  • 73
    • 84869039132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of mipomersen in patients with severe hypercholesterolemia receiving maximally tolerated lipid-lowering therapy
    • McGowan MP, Tardif JC, Ceska R, Burgess LJ, Soran H, Gouni-Berthold I, et al. Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of mipomersen in patients with severe hypercholesterolemia receiving maximally tolerated lipid-lowering therapy. PLoS One 2012; 7: 1–10.
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7 , pp. 10
    • McGowan, M.P.1    Tardif, J.C.2    Ceska, R.3    Burgess, L.J.4    Soran, H.5    Gouni-Berthold, I.6
  • 75
    • 85028482602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drisapersen treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy: results of a 96-week follow-up of an open-label extension study following two placebo-controlled trials
    • Goemans N, Voit T, McDonald C, Watson C, Kraus J, Rolfe K, et al. Drisapersen treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy: results of a 96-week follow-up of an open-label extension study following two placebo-controlled trials. Neurology 2014; 83: e34–40.
    • (2014) Neurology , vol.83 , pp. e34-40
    • Goemans, N.1    Voit, T.2    McDonald, C.3    Watson, C.4    Kraus, J.5    Rolfe, K.6
  • 76
    • 84891928939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and safety of single doses of drisapersen in non-ambulant subjects with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: results of a double-blind randomized clinical trial
    • Flanigan KM, Voit T, Rosales XQ, Servais L, Kraus JE, Wardell C, et al. Pharmacokinetics and safety of single doses of drisapersen in non-ambulant subjects with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: results of a double-blind randomized clinical trial. Neuromuscul Disord 2014; 24: 16–24.
    • (2014) Neuromuscul Disord , vol.24 , pp. 16-24
    • Flanigan, K.M.1    Voit, T.2    Rosales, X.Q.3    Servais, L.4    Kraus, J.E.5    Wardell, C.6
  • 77
    • 84978687534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • G.P.113: Drisapersen (DRIS) treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD): results of up to 188 weeksGÇÖ follow-up of an open-label extension study
    • Goemans N, Tulinius M, Wilson R, Wardell C, Bedwell P, Campion G. G.P.113: Drisapersen (DRIS) treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD): results of up to 188 weeksGÇÖ follow-up of an open-label extension study. Neuromuscul Disord 2014; 24: 829.
    • (2014) Neuromuscul Disord , vol.24 , pp. 829
    • Goemans, N.1    Tulinius, M.2    Wilson, R.3    Wardell, C.4    Bedwell, P.5    Campion, G.6
  • 79
    • 84907991204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of drisapersen for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DEMAND II): an exploratory, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 2 study
    • Voit T, Topaloglu H, Straub V, Muntoni F, Deconinck N, Campion G, et al. Safety and efficacy of drisapersen for the treatment of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DEMAND II): an exploratory, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 2 study. Lancet Neurol 2014; 13: 987–96.
    • (2014) Lancet Neurol , vol.13 , pp. 987-996
    • Voit, T.1    Topaloglu, H.2    Straub, V.3    Muntoni, F.4    Deconinck, N.5    Campion, G.6
  • 80
    • 23344433384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technology evaluation: HYB-2055, Hybridon
    • Switaj T, Lasek W. Technology evaluation: HYB-2055, Hybridon. Curr Opin Mol Ther 2005; 7: 376–83.
    • (2005) Curr Opin Mol Ther , vol.7 , pp. 376-383
    • Switaj, T.1    Lasek, W.2
  • 81
    • 23344431704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase I study of HYB2055 in patients (pts) with advanced solid malignancies
    • Hwang JJ, Park A, Amin A, Martin RR, Sullivan T, Burns T, et al. A phase I study of HYB2055 in patients (pts) with advanced solid malignancies. J Clin Oncol 2004; 22: 3111.
    • (2004) J Clin Oncol , vol.22 , pp. 3111
    • Hwang, J.J.1    Park, A.2    Amin, A.3    Martin, R.R.4    Sullivan, T.5    Burns, T.6
  • 82
    • 85028482417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Idera Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Idera Pharmaceuticals Presents Phase 1 Clinical Data for IMO-3100, Lead Candidate for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases, and Provides Program Update, 21 October 2010.
  • 83
    • 78650300359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase I trial of a Toll-like receptor 9 agonist, PF-3512676 (CPG 7909), in patients with treatment-refractory, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
    • Kim YH, Girardi M, Duvic M, Kuzel T, Link BK, Pinter-Brown L, et al. Phase I trial of a Toll-like receptor 9 agonist, PF-3512676 (CPG 7909), in patients with treatment-refractory, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. J Am Acad Dermatol 2010; 63: 975–83.
    • (2010) J Am Acad Dermatol , vol.63 , pp. 975-983
    • Kim, Y.H.1    Girardi, M.2    Duvic, M.3    Kuzel, T.4    Link, B.K.5    Pinter-Brown, L.6
  • 84
    • 7444242674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Induction of systemic TH1-like innate immunity in normal volunteers following subcutaneous but not intravenous administration of CPG 7909, a synthetic B-class CpG oligodeoxynucleotide TLR9 agonist
    • Krieg AM, Efler SM, Wittpoth M, Al Adhami MJ, Davis HL. Induction of systemic TH1-like innate immunity in normal volunteers following subcutaneous but not intravenous administration of CPG 7909, a synthetic B-class CpG oligodeoxynucleotide TLR9 agonist. J Immunother 2004; 27: 460–71.
    • (2004) J Immunother , vol.27 , pp. 460-471
    • Krieg, A.M.1    Efler, S.M.2    Wittpoth, M.3    Al Adhami, M.J.4    Davis, H.L.5
  • 85
    • 34247389227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase II trial of a Toll-like receptor 9-activating oligonucleotide in patients with metastatic melanoma
    • Pashenkov M, Goess G, Wagner C, Hormann M, Jandl T, Moser A, et al. Phase II trial of a Toll-like receptor 9-activating oligonucleotide in patients with metastatic melanoma. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24: 5716–24.
    • (2006) J Clin Oncol , vol.24 , pp. 5716-5724
    • Pashenkov, M.1    Goess, G.2    Wagner, C.3    Hormann, M.4    Jandl, T.5    Moser, A.6
  • 86
    • 70449127697 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and efficacy of PF-3512676 for the treatment of stage IV renal cell carcinoma: an open-label, multicenter phase I/II study
    • Thompson JA, Kuzel T, Drucker BJ, Urba WJ, Bukowski RM. Safety and efficacy of PF-3512676 for the treatment of stage IV renal cell carcinoma: an open-label, multicenter phase I/II study. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2009; 7: E58–65.
    • (2009) Clin Genitourin Cancer , vol.7 , pp. E58-65
    • Thompson, J.A.1    Kuzel, T.2    Drucker, B.J.3    Urba, W.J.4    Bukowski, R.M.5
  • 87
    • 84863393261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase I clinical trial of CpG oligonucleotide 7909 (PF-03512676) in patients with previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia
    • Zent CS, Smith BJ, Ballas ZK, Wooldridge JE, Link BK, Call TG, et al. Phase I clinical trial of CpG oligonucleotide 7909 (PF-03512676) in patients with previously treated chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma 2012; 53: 211–7.
    • (2012) Leuk Lymphoma , vol.53 , pp. 211-217
    • Zent, C.S.1    Smith, B.J.2    Ballas, Z.K.3    Wooldridge, J.E.4    Link, B.K.5    Call, T.G.6
  • 89
    • 36348931521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase 1B, randomized, double-blind, dose-escalation trial of CPG 10101 in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus
    • McHutchison JG, Bacon BR, Gordon SC, Lawitz E, Shiffman M, Afdhal NH, et al. Phase 1B, randomized, double-blind, dose-escalation trial of CPG 10101 in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus. Hepatology 2007; 46: 1341–9.
    • (2007) Hepatology , vol.46 , pp. 1341-1349
    • McHutchison, J.G.1    Bacon, B.R.2    Gordon, S.C.3    Lawitz, E.4    Shiffman, M.5    Afdhal, N.H.6
  • 90
    • 34547789747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety, pharmacokinetics and immune effects in normal volunteers of CPG 10101 (ACTILON), an investigational synthetic toll-like receptor 9 agonist
    • Vicari AP, Schmalbach T, Lekstrom-Himes J, Morris ML, Al-Adhami MJ, Laframboise C, et al. Safety, pharmacokinetics and immune effects in normal volunteers of CPG 10101 (ACTILON), an investigational synthetic toll-like receptor 9 agonist. Antivir Ther 2007; 12: 741–51.
    • (2007) Antivir Ther , vol.12 , pp. 741-751
    • Vicari, A.P.1    Schmalbach, T.2    Lekstrom-Himes, J.3    Morris, M.L.4    Al-Adhami, M.J.5    Laframboise, C.6
  • 91
    • 85028481497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Balak DMW, van Doorn MBA, Rissmann R, Sullivan T, Burggraaf J, Arbeit RD. Results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, monotherapy trial of IMO-8400 demonstrate clinical proof-of-concept for Toll-like receptor 7, 8 and 9 antagonism in psoriasis. AAD 2015 Poster 1805. San Francisco, CA: American Academy of Dermatology.
  • 92
    • 84878637167 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antisense oligonucleotide inhibition of apolipoprotein c-iii reduces plasma triglycerides in rodents, nonhuman primates, and humans
    • Graham MJ, Lee RG, Bell TA, Fu W, Mullick AE, Alexander VJ, et al. Antisense oligonucleotide inhibition of apolipoprotein c-iii reduces plasma triglycerides in rodents, nonhuman primates, and humans. Circ Res 2013; 112: 1479–90.
    • (2013) Circ Res , vol.112 , pp. 1479-1490
    • Graham, M.J.1    Lee, R.G.2    Bell, T.A.3    Fu, W.4    Mullick, A.E.5    Alexander, V.J.6
  • 94
    • 85028481939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Liu Q, Bethune C, Dessouki E, Grundy J, Monia BP, Bhanot S. ISIS-FXIRx, a novel and specific antisense inhibitor of factor XI, caused significant reduction in FXI antigen and activity and increased aPTT without causing bleeding in healthy volunteers. Blood 2011; Conference: 53rd Annual Meeting of the American Society of Hematology: 18 Nov 2011.
  • 96
    • 84925283858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CD49d antisense drug ATL1102 reduces disease activity in patients with relapsing-remitting MS
    • Limmroth V, Barkhof F, Desem N, Diamond MP, Tachas G. CD49d antisense drug ATL1102 reduces disease activity in patients with relapsing-remitting MS. Neurology 2014; 83: 1780–8.
    • (2014) Neurology , vol.83 , pp. 1780-1788
    • Limmroth, V.1    Barkhof, F.2    Desem, N.3    Diamond, M.P.4    Tachas, G.5
  • 97
    • 84870437088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Final results-randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled safety, anti-viral proof-of-concept study of miravirsen, an oligonucleotide targeting MIR-122, in treatment-naive patients with genotype 1 chronic HCV infection
    • Reesink HW, Janssen HLA, Zeuzem S, Lawitz E, Rodriguez-Torres M, Patel K, et al. Final results-randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled safety, anti-viral proof-of-concept study of miravirsen, an oligonucleotide targeting MIR-122, in treatment-naive patients with genotype 1 chronic HCV infection. J Hepatol 2012; 56: S26.
    • (2012) J Hepatol , vol.56 , pp. S26
    • Reesink, H.W.1    Janssen, H.L.A.2    Zeuzem, S.3    Lawitz, E.4    Rodriguez-Torres, M.5    Patel, K.6
  • 99
    • 85028481765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Viney N, Hughes SG, Singleton W, Crooke RM, Graham MJ, Su J, et al. ISIS APO (a) Rx, an antisense inhibitor to apolipoprotein (a), reduces plasma levels of Lp (a) and oxidized phospholipids/apoB-100 in healthy volunteers. Eur Heart J 2014; Conference: European Society of Cardiology: 01 Sep 2014.
  • 100
    • 33746810933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction for ISIS 113715, a 2'-0-methoxyethyl modified antisense oligonucleotide targeting protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B messenger RNA, with oral antidiabetic compounds metformin, glipizide or rosiglitazone
    • Geary RS, Bradley JD, Watanabe T, Kwon Y, Wedel M, Van Lier JJ, et al. Lack of pharmacokinetic interaction for ISIS 113715, a 2'-0-methoxyethyl modified antisense oligonucleotide targeting protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B messenger RNA, with oral antidiabetic compounds metformin, glipizide or rosiglitazone. Clin Pharmacokinet 2006; 45: 789–801.
    • (2006) Clin Pharmacokinet , vol.45 , pp. 789-801
    • Geary, R.S.1    Bradley, J.D.2    Watanabe, T.3    Kwon, Y.4    Wedel, M.5    Van Lier, J.J.6
  • 101
    • 85028481012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brandt TA, Crooke ST, Ackermann EJ, Xia S, Morgan ES, Liu Q, et al. Isis 113715, a novel PTP-1B antisense inhibitor, improves glycemic control and dyslipidemia and increases adiponectin levels in T2DM subjects uncontrolled on stable sulfonylurea therapy. Diabetes 2010; ; Conference: 70th Scientific Sessions of the American Diabetes Association Orlando: 2010.
  • 102
    • 85028481617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PRNewswire. ATL1103 Phase II Trial – Successful Efficacy Results, 2 September 2014.
  • 103
    • 85028482726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isis Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Isis Pharmaceuticals Reports Final Phase 2 Data on ISIS-GCGR RX, Press release, 16 June 2014.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.