Iron deficiency in patients with heart failure

European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy

Volumn 1, Issue 1, 2015, Pages 58-64

  Fitzsimons, Sarah ^a   Doughty, Robert Neil ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AUCKLAND   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Heart failure; Iron deficiency

Indexed keywords

ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; FERRIC CARBOXYMALTOSE; FERRITIN; HEPCIDIN; IRON DEXTRAN; IRON SACCHARATE; PLACEBO; TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR; IRON;

ACUTE HEART FAILURE; ANEMIA; CHRONIC KIDNEY FAILURE; COMORBIDITY; ENDURANCE; EXERCISE; HEART FAILURE; HEART FAILURE WITH REDUCED EJECTION FRACTION; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE EJECTION FRACTION; HEART LEFT VENTRICLE HYPERTROPHY; HEART TRANSPLANTATION; HUMAN; IRON BALANCE; IRON DEFICIENCY; IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA; IRON METABOLISM; IRON THERAPY; MORTALITY; NEW YORK HEART ASSOCIATION CLASS; NONHUMAN; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PREVALENCE; QUALITY OF LIFE; REVIEW; SIX MINUTE WALK TEST; SURVIVAL RATE; BLOOD; COMPLICATION;

ANEMIA, IRON-DEFICIENCY; FERRITINS; HEART FAILURE; HUMANS; IRON;

EID: 84978321881     PISSN: 20556837     EISSN: 20556845     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvu016     Document Type: Review

References (49)

1. Heidenreich PA, Albert NM, Allen LA, Bluemke DA, Butler J, Fonarow GC, Ikonomidis JS, Khavjou O, Konstam MA, Maddox TM, Nichol G, Pham M, Pina IL, Trogdon JG. Forecasting the impact of heart failure in the United States: a policy statement from the American Heart Association. Circ Heart Fail 2013;6:606-619.
2. Schaufelberger M, Swedberg K, Koster M, Rosen M, Rosengren A. Decreasing one-year mortality and hospitalization rates for heart failure in Sweden; data from the Swedish Hospital Discharge Registry 1988 to 2000. Eur Heart J 2004;25: 300-307.
3. Meta-analysis Global Group in Chronic Heart Failure (MAGGIC). The survival of patients with heart failure with preserved or reduced left ventricular ejection fraction: an individual patient data meta-analysis. Eur Heart J 2012;33:1750-1757.
4. Klip IT, Comin-Colet J, Voors AA, Ponikowski P, Enjuanes C, Banasiak W, Lok DJ, Rosentryt P, Torrens A, Polonski L, van Veldhuisen D, van der Meer P, Jankowska EA. Iron deficiency in chronic heart failure: an international pooled analysis. Am Heart J 2013;165:575-582e3.
5. Brownlie TT, Utermohlen V, Hinton PS, Haas JD. Tissue iron deficiency without anemia impairs adaptation in endurance capacity after aerobic training in previously untrained women. Am J Clin Nutr 2004;79:437-443.
6. Hinton PS, GiordanoC, Brownlie T, Haas JD. Iron supplementation improves endurance after training in iron-depleted, nonanemic women. J Appl Physiol 2000;88: 1103-1111.
7. OkonkoDO, Mandal AK, Missouris CG, Poole-Wilson PA. Disordered iron homeostasis in chronic heart failure: prevalence, predictors, and relation to anemia, exercise capacity, and survival. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;58:1241-1251.
8. Ganz T. Hepcidin, a key regulator of iron metabolism and mediator of anemia of inflammation. Blood 2003;102:783-788.
9. Jankowska EA, von Haehling S, Anker SD, Macdougall IC, Ponikowski P. Iron deficiency and heart failure: diagnostic dilemmas and therapeutic perspectives. Eur Heart J 2013;34:816-829.
10. Jankowska EA, Malyszko J, Ardehali H, Koc-Zorawska E, Banasiak W, von Haehling S, Macdougall IC, Weiss G, McMurray JJ, Anker SD, Gheorghiade M, Ponikowski P. Iron status in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 2013;34:827-834.
11. Chua AC, Graham RM, Trinder D, Olynyk JK. The regulation of cellular iron metabolism. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2007;44:413-459.
12. Cohen-Solal A, Leclercq C, Deray G, Lasocki S, Zambrowski JJ, Mebazaa A, de Groote P, Damy T, Galinier M. Iron deficiency: an emerging therapeutic target in heart failure. Heart 2014;100:1414-1420.
13. Fleming MD, Andrews NC. Mammalian iron transport: an unexpected link between metal homeostasis and host defense. J Lab Clin Med 1998;132:464-468.
14. Nemeth E, Valore EV, Territo M, Schiller G, Lichtenstein A, Ganz T. Hepcidin, a putative mediator of anemia of inflammation, is a type II acute-phase protein. Blood 2003;101:2461-2463.
15. Hsieh YP, Huang CH, Lee CY, Lin CY, Chang CC. Silencing of hepcidin enforces the apoptosis in iron-induced human cardiomyocytes. J Occup Med Toxicol 2014;9:11.
16. Suzuki T, Hanawa H, Jiao S, Ohno Y, Hayashi Y, Yoshida K, Kashimura T, Obata H, Minamino T. Inappropriate expression of hepcidin by liver congestion contributes to anemia and relative iron deficiency. J Card Fail 2014;20:268-277.
17. Braga F, Infusino I, Dolci A, Panteghini M. Soluble transferrin receptor in complicated anemia. Clin Chim Acta 2014;431:143-147.
18. Maeder MT, Khammy O, dos Remedios C, Kaye DM. Myocardial and systemic iron depletion in heart failure implications for anemia accompanying heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2011;58:474-480.
19. Coenen JL, van Dieijen-Visser MP, van Pelt J, van Deursen CT, Fickers MM, van Wersch JW, Brombacher PJ. Measurements of serum ferritin used to predict concentrations of iron in bone marrow in anemia of chronic disease. Clin Chem 1991; 37:560-563.
20. Cohen-Solal A, Leclercq C, Mebazaa A, De Groote P, Damy T, Isnard R, Galinier M. Diagnosis and treatment of iron deficiency in patients with heart failure: Expert position paper from French cardiologists. Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2014;107:563-571.
21. Ferraro S, Mozzi R, Panteghini M. Revaluating serum ferritin as a marker of body iron stores in the traceability era. Clin Chem Lab Med 2012;50:1911-1916.
22. Blumberg AB, Marti HR, Graber CG. Serum ferritin and bone marrow iron in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. JAMA 1983;250: 3317-3319.
23. Ebner N, von Haehling S. Iron deficiency in heart failure: a practical guide. Nutrients 2013;5:3730-3739.
24. Jankowska EA, Kasztura M, Sokolski M, Bronisz M, Nawrocka S, Oleskowska- Florek W, Zymlinski R, Biegus J, Siwolowski P, Banasiak W, Anker SD, Filippatos G, Cleland JG, Ponikowski P. Iron deficiency defined as depleted iron stores accompanied by unmet cellular iron requirements identifies patients at the highest risk of death after an episode of acute heart failure. Eur Heart J 2014;35: 2468-2476.
25. Leszek P, Sochanowicz B, Szperl M, Kolsut P, Brzoska K, Piotrowski W, Rywik TM, Danko B, Polkowska-Motrenko H, Rozanski JM, Kruszewski M. Myocardial iron homeostasis in advanced chronic heart failure patients. Int J Cardiol 2012;159: 47-52.
26. Anker SD, Comin Colet J, Filippatos G, Willenheimer R, Dickstein K, Drexler H, Luscher TF, Bart B, Banasiak W, Niegowska J, Kirwan BA, Mori C, von Eisenhart Rothe B, Pocock SJ, Poole-Wilson PA, Ponikowski P. Ferric carboxymaltose in patients with heart failure and iron deficiency. N Engl J Med 2009;361:2436-2448.
27. Cohen-Solal A, Damy T, Terbah M, Kerebel S, Baguet JP, Hanon O, Zannad F, Laperche T, Leclercq C, Concas V, Duvillie L, Darne B, Anker S, Mebazaa A. High prevalence of iron deficiency in patients with acute decompensated heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail 2014;16:984-991.
28. Enjuanes C, Klip IT, Bruguera J, Cladellas M, Ponikowski P, Banasiak W, van Veldhuisen DJ, van der Meer P, Jankowska EA, Comin-Colet J. Iron deficiency and health-related quality of life in chronic heart failure: results from a multicenter European study. Int J Cardiol 2014;174:268-275.
29. Jankowska EA, Rozentryt P, Witkowska A, Nowak J, Hartmann O, Ponikowska B, Borodulin-Nadzieja L, Banasiak W, Polonski L, Filippatos G, McMurray JJ, Anker SD, Ponikowski P. Iron deficiency: an ominous sign in patients with systolic chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J 2010;31:1872-1880.
30. Yeo TJ, Yeo PS, Ching-Chiew Wong R, Ong HY, Leong KT, Jaufeerally F, Sim D, Santhanakrishnan R, Lim SL, M MYC, Chai P, Low AF, Ling LH, Ng TP, Richards AM, Lam CS. Iron deficiency in a multi-ethnic Asian population with and without heart failure: prevalence, clinical correlates, functional significance and prognosis. Eur J Heart Fail 2014;16:1125-1132.
31. Rangel I, Goncalves A, de Sousa C, Leite S, Campelo M, Martins E, Amorim S, Moura B, Silva Cardoso J, Maciel MJ. Iron deficiency status irrespective of anemia: a predictor of unfavorable outcome in chronic heart failure patients. Cardiology 2014;128:320-326.
32. Klip IT, Jankowska EA, Enjuanes C, Voors AA, BanasiakW, Bruguera J, Rozentryt P, Polonski L, van Veldhuisen DJ, Ponikowski P, Comin-Colet J, van der Meer P. The additive burden of iron deficiency in the cardiorenal-anaemia axis: scope of a problem and its consequences. Eur J Heart Fail 2014;16:655-662.
33. Ponikowski P, van Veldhuisen DJ, Comin-Colet J, Ertl G, Komajda M, Mareev V, McDonagh T, Parkhomenko A, Tavazzi L, Levesque V, Mori C, Roubert B, Filippatos G, Ruschitzka F, Anker SD. Beneficial effects of long-term intravenous iron therapy with ferric carboxymaltose in patients with symptomatic heart failure and iron deficiency. Eur Heart J 2014; doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehu385.
34. Nanas JN, Matsouka C, Karageorgopoulos D, Leonti A, Tsolakis E, Drakos SG, Tsagalou EP, Maroulidis GD, Alexopoulos GP, Kanakakis JE, Anastasiou-Nana MI. Etiology of anemia in patients with advanced heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006; 48:2485-2489.
35. Weiss G, Goodnough LT. Anemia of chronic disease. N Engl J Med 2005;352: 1011-1023.
36. Weber CS, Beck-da-Silva L, Goldraich LA, Biolo A, Clausell N. Anemia in heart failure: association of hepcidin levels to iron deficiency in stable outpatients. Acta Haematol 2013;129:55-61.
37. Dong F, Zhang X, Culver B, Chew HG Jr, Kelley RO, Ren J. Dietary iron deficiency induces ventricular dilation, mitochondrial ultrastructural aberrations and cytochrome c release: involvement of nitric oxide synthase and protein tyrosine nitration. Clin Sci (Lond) 2005;109:277-286.
38. Juenger J, Schellberg D, Kraemer S, Haunstetter A, Zugck C, Herzog W, Haass M. Health related quality of life in patients with congestive heart failure: comparison with other chronic diseases and relation to functional variables. Heart 2002;87: 235-241.
39. Comin-Colet J, Enjuanes C, GonzalezG, Torrens A, Cladellas M, MeronoO, Ribas N, Ruiz S, Gomez M, Verdu JM, Bruguera J. Iron deficiency is a key determinant of health-related quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure regardless of anaemia status. Eur J Heart Fail 2013;15:1164-1172.
40. Jankowska EA, Rozentryt P, Witkowska A, Nowak J, Hartmann O, Ponikowska B, Borodulin-Nadzieja L, von Haehling S, Doehner W, Banasiak W, Polonski L, Filippatos G, Anker SD, Ponikowski P. Iron deficiency predicts impaired exercise capacity in patients with systolic chronic heart failure. J Card Fail 2011;17:899-906.
41. Bolger AP, Bartlett FR, Penston HS, OLeary J, Pollock N, Kaprielian R, Chapman CM. Intravenous iron alone for the treatment of anemia in patients with chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2006;48:1225-1227.
42. Toblli JE, Lombrana A, Duarte P, Di Gennaro F. Intravenous iron reduces NT-pro-brain natriuretic peptide in anemic patients with chronic heart failure and renal insufficiency. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007;50:1657-1665.
43. Okonko DO, Grzeslo A, Witkowski T, Mandal AK, Slater RM, Roughton M, Foldes G, Thum T, Majda J, Banasiak W, Missouris CG, Poole-Wilson PA, Anker SD, Ponikowski P. Effect of intravenous iron sucrose on exercise tolerance in anemic and nonanemic patients with symptomatic chronic heart failure and iron deficiency FERRIC-HF: a randomized, controlled, observer-blinded trial. J AmColl Cardiol 2008; 51:103-112.
44. Auricchio A, Stellbrink C, Sack S, Block M, Vogt J, Bakker P, Huth C, Schondube F, Wolfhard U, Bocker D, Krahnefeld O, Kirkels H. Long-term clinical effect of hemodynamically optimized cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with heart failure and ventricular conduction delay. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002;39:2026-2033.
45. Pina IL, Apstein CS, Balady GJ, Belardinelli R, Chaitman BR, Duscha BD, Fletcher BJ, Fleg JL, Myers JN, Sullivan MJ. Exercise and heart failure:Astatement from theAmerican Heart Association Committee on exercise, rehabilitation, and prevention. Circulation 2003;107:1210-1225.
46. Gaber R, Kotb NA, Ghazy M, Nagy HM, Salama M, Elhendy A. Tissue Doppler and strain rate imaging detect improvement of myocardial function in iron deficient patients with congestive heart failure after iron replacement therapy. Echocardiography 2012;29:13-18.
47. Comin-Colet J, Lainscak M, Dickstein K, Filippatos GS, Johnson P, Luscher TF, Mori C, Willenheimer R, Ponikowski P, Anker SD. The effect of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose on health-related quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure and iron deficiency: a subanalysis of the FAIR-HF study. Eur Heart J 2013;34:30-38.
48. Filippatos G, Farmakis D, Colet JC, Dickstein K, Luscher TF, Willenheimer R, Parissis J, Gaudesius G, Mori C, von Eisenhart Rothe B, Greenlaw N, Ford I, Ponikowski P, Anker SD. Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose in iron-deficient chronic heart failure patients with and without anaemia: a subanalysis of the FAIR-HF trial. Eur J Heart Fail 2013;15:1267-1276.
49. McMurray JJ, Adamopoulos S, Anker SD, Auricchio A, Bohm M, Dickstein K, Falk V, Filippatos G, Fonseca C, Gomez-Sanchez MA, Jaarsma T, Kober L, Lip GY, Maggioni AP, Parkhomenko A, Pieske BM, Popescu BA, Ronnevik PK, Rutten FH, Schwitter J, Seferovic P, Stepinska J, Trindade PT, Voors AA, Zannad F, Zeiher A. ESC Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2012: The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute and Chronic Heart Failure 2012 of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the ESC. Eur Heart J 2012;33:1787-1847.