Occurrence and removal of organic micropollutants: An overview of the watch list of EU Decision 2015/495

Water Research

Volumn 94, Issue , 2016, Pages 257-279

  Barbosa, Marta O ^a   Moreira, Nuno F F ^a   Ribeiro, Ana R ^a   Pereira, Manuel F R ^a   Silva, Adrián M T ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PORTO   (Portugal)

Author keywords

Advanced oxidation processes; Contaminants of emerging concern; Conventional treatment; Decision 2015 495 EU; Fenton, ozonation and photocatalysis; Membrane technologies

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTICS; LAWS AND LEGISLATION; LINEAR TRANSFORMATIONS; MATRIX ALGEBRA; OZONE; OZONE WATER TREATMENT; WATCHES;

ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES; CONTAMINANTS OF EMERGING CONCERNS; CONVENTIONAL TREATMENTS; DECISION 2015/495/EU; EUROPEAN UNION; FENTON, OZONATION AND PHOTOCATALYSE; MICROPOLLUTANTS; NATURAL HORMONE; ORGANIC MICROPOLLUTANTS; WATCH LIST;

OZONIZATION;

ANTIBIOTICS; ANTIOXIDANT; CATALYSIS; EUROPEAN UNION; FILTER; HORMONE; MEMBRANE; ORGANIC POLLUTANT; OXIDATION; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; POLLUTANT REMOVAL; TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT; TRANSFORMATION;

EUROPEAN UNION; HYDROPHOBICITY; MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGY; ORGANIC POLLUTION; PHOTOCATALYSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SLUDGE; SUSPENDED PARTICULATE MATTER; WATER POLLUTANT; ANALYSIS; CHEMISTRY; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY; PROCEDURES; SEWAGE; STANDARDS; WASTE WATER;

2,6-DI-TERT-BUTYL-4-METHYLPHENOL; ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; CINNAMIC ACID DERIVATIVE; DICLOFENAC; ESTRADIOL; ESTRONE; ETHINYLESTRADIOL; OCTYLMETHOXYCINNAMATE; PHENOL DERIVATIVE; WASTE WATER; WATER POLLUTANT;

ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; CINNAMATES; DICLOFENAC; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY; ESTRADIOL; ESTRONE; ETHINYL ESTRADIOL; EUROPEAN UNION; PHENOLS; WASTE DISPOSAL, FLUID; WASTE WATER; WATER POLLUTANTS, CHEMICAL;

EID: 84960155838     PISSN: 00431354     EISSN: 18792448     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.02.047     Document Type: Review

References (237)

1. 2 treatments. Chemosphere 2010, 81(1):114-119.
2. Abramović B.F., Banić N.D., Krstić J.B. Degradation of thiacloprid by ZnO in a laminar falling film slurry photocatalytic reactor. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2013, 52(14):5040-5047.
3. 2 photocatalysis. Chem. Eng. J. 2010, 161(1-2):53-59.
4. Aguinaco A., Beltrán F.J., García-Araya J.F., Oropesa A. Photocatalytic ozonation to remove the pharmaceutical diclofenac from water: influence of variables. Chem. Eng. J. 2012, 189-190:275-282.
5. 2) photocatalysis. Chemosphere 2014, 117:256-261.
6. Al Aukidy M., Verlicchi P., Jelic A., Petrovic M., Barcelo D. Monitoring release of pharmaceutical compounds: occurrence and environmental risk assessment of two WWTP effluents and their receiving bodies in the Po Valley. Italy. Sci. Total Environ. 2012, 438:15-25.
7. Alkhudhiri A., Darwish N., Hilal N. Membrane distillation: a comprehensive review. Desalination 2012, 287:2-18.
8. Altinok I., Capkin E., Karahan S., Boran M. Effects of water quality and fish size on toxicity of methiocarb, a carbamate pesticide, to rainbow trout. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 2006, 22(1):20-26.
9. Amine H., Gomez E., Halwani J., Casellas C., Fenet H. UV filters, ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate, octocrylene and ethylhexyl dimethyl PABA from untreated wastewater in sediment from eastern Mediterranean river transition and coastal zones. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 2012, 64(11):2435-2442.
10. Andreozzi R., Caprio V., Insola A., Marotta R. Advanced oxidation processes (AOP) for water purification and recovery. Catal. Today 1999, 53:51-59.
11. Athanasekou C.P., Moustakas N.G., Morales-Torres S., Pastrana-Martínez L.M., Figueiredo J.L., Faria J.L., Silva A.M.T., Dona-Rodriguez J.M., Romanos G.E., Falaras P. Ceramic photocatalytic membranes for water filtration under UV and visible light. Appl. Catal. B 2015, 178:12-19.
12. Bagastyo A.Y., Keller J., Poussade Y., Batstone D.J. Characterisation and removal of recalcitrants in reverse osmosis concentrates from water reclamation plants. Water Res. 2011, 45(7):2415-2427.
13. Baker R.W. Membrane Technology and Applications 2012, Wiley.
14. Barra Caracciolo A., Topp E., Grenni P. Pharmaceuticals in the environment: biodegradation and effects on natural microbial communities. A review. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal. 2015, 106:25-36.
15. Barreiros L., Queiroz J.F., Magalhães L.M., Silva A.M.T., Segundo M.A. Analysis of 17-β-estradiol and 17-α-ethinylestradiol in biological and environmental matrices - a review. Microchem. J. 2016, 126:243-262.
16. Basile T., Petrella A., Petrella M., Boghetich G., Petruzzelli V., Colasuonno S., Petruzzelli D. Review of endocrine-disrupting-compound removal technologies in water and wastewater treatment plants: an EU perspective. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2011, 50(14):8389-8401.
17. Behera S.K., Kim H.W., Oh J.E., Park H.S. Occurrence and removal of antibiotics, hormones and several other pharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment plants of the largest industrial city of Korea. Sci. Total Environ. 2011, 409(20):4351-4360.
18. Beier S., Koster S., Veltmann K., Schroder H., Pinnekamp J. Treatment of hospital wastewater effluent by nanofiltration and reverse osmosis. Water Sci. Technol. 2010, 61(7):1691-1698.
19. Bell K.Y., Wells M.J.M., Traexler K.A., Pellegrin M.-L., Morse A., Bandy J. Emerging pollutants. Water Environ. Res. 2011, 83(10):1906-1984.
20. Bendz D., Paxeus N.A., Ginn T.R., Loge F.J. Occurrence and fate of pharmaceutically active compounds in the environment, a case study: Hoje River in Sweden. J. Hazard Mater. 2005, 122(3):195-204.
21. Benotti M.J., Trenholm R.A., Vanderford B.J., Holady J.C., Stanford B.D., Snyder S.A. Pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds in U.S. drinking water. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2009, 43:597-603.
22. Bernabeu A., Vercher R.F., Santos-Juanes L., Simón P.J., Lardín C., Martínez M.A., Vicente J.A., González R., Llosá C., Arques A., Amat A.M. Solar photocatalysis as a tertiary treatment to remove emerging pollutants from wastewater treatment plant effluents. Catal. Today 2011, 161(1):235-240.
23. Bernal J.L., Jiménez J.J., Atienza J., Herguedas A. Extraction of triallate from soil with supercritical carbon dioxide and determination by gas chromatography-atomic emission detection comparison with a solvent extraction procedure. J. Chromatogr. A 1996, 754(1-2):257-263.
24. Birkett J.W., Lester J.N. Endocrine Disrupters in Wastewater and Sludge Treatment Processes 2002, Taylor & Francis.
25. Birosova L., Mackulak T., Bodik I., Ryba J., Skubak J., Grabic R. Pilot study of seasonal occurrence and distribution of antibiotics and drug resistant bacteria in wastewater treatment plants in Slovakia. Sci. Total Environ. 2014, 490:440-444.
26. Bolong N., Ismail A.F., Salim M.R., Matsuura T. A review of the effects of emerging contaminants in wastewater and options for their removal. Desalination 2009, 239(1-3):229-246.
27. Bu Q., Wang B., Huang J., Deng S., Yu G. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the aquatic environment in China: a review. J. Hazard. Mater. 2013, 262:189-211.
28. Cabeza Y., Candela L., Ronen D., Teijon G. Monitoring the occurrence of emerging contaminants in treated wastewater and groundwater between 2008 and 2010. The Baix Llobregat (Barcelona, Spain). J. Hazard. Mater. 2012, 239-240:32-39.
29. Camacho-Munoz D., Martin J., Santos J.L., Alonso E., Aparicio I., De la Torre T., Rodriguez C., Malfeito J.J. Effectiveness of three configurations of membrane bioreactors on the removal of priority and emergent organic compounds from wastewater: comparison with conventional wastewater treatments. J. Environ. Monit. 2012, 14(5):1428-1436.
30. Campo J., Masia A., Blasco C., Pico Y. Occurrence and removal efficiency of pesticides in sewage treatment plants of four Mediterranean River Basins. J. Hazard. Mater. 2013, 263(Pt 1):146-157.
31. Chau N.D.G., Sebesvari Z., Amelung W., Renaud F.G. Pesticide pollution of multiple drinking water sources in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam: evidence from two provinces. Environ. Sci. Pollut. R. 2015, 22(12):9042-9058.
32. Cheng A., Wang L., Wang X. Research on removal of estradiol in water by nanofiltration membrane. 2010 4th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering, iCBBE 2010 2010.
33. Cherik D., Benali M., Louhab K. Occurrence, ecotoxicology, removal of diclofenac by adsorption on activated carbon and biodegradation and its effect on bacterial community: a review. World Sci. News 2015, 10:116-144.
34. Chon K., Cho J., Shon H.K. A pilot-scale hybrid municipal wastewater reclamation system using combined coagulation and disk filtration, ultrafiltration, and reverse osmosis: removal of nutrients and micropollutants, and characterization of membrane foulants. Bioresour. Technol. 2013, 141:109-116.
35. Coday B.D., Yaffe B.G., Xu P., Cath T.Y. Rejection of trace organic compounds by forward osmosis membranes: a literature review. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2014, 48(7):3612-3624.
36. Comninellis C., Kapalka A., Malato S., Parsons S.A., Poulios I., Mantzavinos D. Advanced oxidation processes for water treatment: advances and trends for R&D. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 2008, 83(6):769-776.
37. Crane M., Watts C., Boucard T. Chronic aquatic environmental risks from exposure to human pharmaceuticals. Sci. Total Environ. 2006, 367(1):23-41.
38. D'Orazio V., Loffredo E., Brunetti G., Senesi N. Triallate adsorption onto humic acids of different origin and nature. Chemosphere 1999, 39(2):183-198.
39. da Rocha M.P., Dourado P.L.R., de Souza Rodrigues M., Raposo J.L., Grisolia A.B., de Oliveira K.M.P. The influence of industrial and agricultural waste on water quality in the Água Boa stream (Dourados, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil). Environ. Monit. Assess. 2015, 187(7).
40. da Silva A.K., Wells M.J.M., Morse A.N., Pellegrin M.-L., Miller S.M., Peccia J., Sima L.C. Emerging pollutants - Part I: occurrence, fate and transport. Water Environ. Res. 2012, 84(10):1878-1908.
41. da Silva A.K., Amador J., Cherchi C., Miller S.M., Morse A.N., Pellegrin M.-L., Wells M.J.M. Emerging pollutants - Part I: occurrence, fate and transport. Water Environ. Res. 2013, 85(10):1978-2021.
42. Dabrowski J.M., Shadung J.M., Wepener V. Prioritizing agricultural pesticides used in South Africa based on their environmental mobility and potential human health effects. Environ. Int. 2014, 62:31-40.
43. Daughton C.G. Pharmaceutical ingredients in drinking water: overview of occurrence and significance of human exposure. Contaminants of Emerging Concern in the Environment: Ecological and Human Health Considerations 2010, American Chemical Society.
44. Daughton C.G., Ternes T.A. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in the environment: agents of subtle change?. Environ. Health Perspect. 1999, 107(Suppl. 6):907-938.
45. De Luca A., Dantas R.F., Simões A.S.M., Toscano I.A.S., Lofrano G., Cruz A., Esplugas S. Atrazine removal in municipal secondary effluents by fenton and photo-fenton treatments. Chem. Eng. Technol. 2013, 36(12):2155-2162.
46. Derrouiche S., Bourdin D., Roche P., Houssais B., Machinal C., Coste M., Restivo J., Orfao J.J., Pereira M.F., Marco Y., Garcia-Bordeje E. Process design for wastewater treatment: catalytic ozonation of organic pollutants. Water Sci. Technol. 2013, 68(6):1377-1383.
47. Díaz-Cruz M.S., Gago-Ferrero P., Llorca M., Barceló D. Analysis of UV filters in tap water and other clean waters in Spain. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2012, 402(7):2325-2333.
48. Dichtl N., Rogge S., Bauerfeld K. Novel strategies in sewage sludge treatment. CLEAN - Soil Air Water 2007, 35(5):473-479.
49. Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy. Off. J. Eur. Commun. 2000, L327:1-72.
50. Directive 2008/105/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on environmental quality standards in the field of water policy, amending and subsequently repealing Council Directives 82/176/EEC, 83/513/EEC, 84/156/EEC, 84/491/EEC, 86/280/EEC and amending Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council. Off. J. Eur. Union 2008, L348:84-97.
51. Directive 2013/39/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 12 August 2013 amending Directives 2000/60/EC and 2008/105/EC as regards priority substances in the field of water policy. Off. J. Eur. Union 2013, L226:1-17.
52. Dolar D., Gros M., Rodriguez-Mozaz S., Moreno J., Comas J., Rodriguez-Roda I., Barcelo D. Removal of emerging contaminants from municipal wastewater with an integrated membrane system, MBR-RO. J. Hazard. Mater. 2012, 239-240:64-69.
53. Drioli E., Ali A., Macedonio F. Membrane distillation: recent developments and perspectives. Desalination 2015, 356:56-84.
54. Faria P.C.C., Órfão J.J.M., Pereira M.F.R. Activated carbon catalytic ozonation of oxamic and oxalic acids. Appl. Catal. B 2008, 79(3):237-243.
55. Faria P.C.C., Órfão J.J.M., Pereira M.F.R. Activated carbon and ceria catalysts applied to the catalytic ozonation of dyes and textile effluents. Appl. Catal. B 2009, 88(3-4):341-350.
56. Fatta-Kassinos D., Vasquez M.I., Kummerer K. Transformation products of pharmaceuticals in surface waters and wastewater formed during photolysis and advanced oxidation processes - degradation, elucidation of byproducts and assessment of their biological potency. Chemosphere 2011, 85(5):693-709.
57. Feng L., van Hullebusch E.D., Rodrigo M.A., Esposito G., Oturan M.A. Removal of residual anti-inflammatory and analgesic pharmaceuticals from aqueous systems by electrochemical advanced oxidation processes. A review. Chem. Eng. J. 2013, 228(0):944-964.
58. Fenton H.J.H. LXXIII.-Oxidation of tartaric acid in presence of iron. J. Chem. Soc. Trans. 1894, 65(0):899-910.
59. Frank S.N., Bard A.J. Heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation of cyanide ion in aqueous solutions at titanium dioxide powder. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1977, 99(1):303-304.
60. Fries E., Püttmann W. Analysis of the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) in water by means of solid phase extraction combined with GC/MS. Water Res. 2002, 36(9):2319-2327.
61. Fries E., Püttmann W. Monitoring of the antioxidant BHT and its metabolite BHT-CHO in German river water and ground water. Sci. Total Environ. 2004, 319(1-3):269-282.
62. Fujishima A., Honda K. Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode. Nature 1972, 238(5358):37-38.
63. Furtula V., Derksen G., Colodey A. Application of automated mass spectrometry deconvolution and identification software for pesticide analysis in surface waters. J. Environ. Sci. Health B 2006, 41(8):1259-1271.
64. Futran Fuhrman V., Tal A., Arnon S. Why endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) challenge traditional risk assessment and how to respond. J. Hazard. Mater. 2015, 286:589-611.
65. Ghosh G.C., Okuda T., Yamashita N., Tanaka H. Occurrence and elimination of antibiotics at four sewage treatment plants in Japan and their effects on bacterial ammonia oxidation. Water Sci. Technol. 2009, 59(4):779-786.
66. Giannakis S., Gamarra Vives F.A., Grandjean D., Magnet A., De Alencastro L.F., Pulgarin C. Effect of advanced oxidation processes on the micropollutants and the effluent organic matter contained in municipal wastewater previously treated by three different secondary methods. Water Res. 2015, 84:295-306.
67. Gibs J., Heckathorn H.A., Meyer M.T., Klapinski F.R., Alebus M., Lippincott R.L. Occurrence and partitioning of antibiotic compounds found in the water column and bottom sediments from a stream receiving two wastewater treatment plant effluents in northern New Jersey, 2008. Sci. Total Environ. 2013, 458-460:107-116.
68. Gonzalez-Rey M., Tapie N., Le Menach K., Dévier M.-H., Budzinski H., Bebianno M.J. Occurrence of pharmaceutical compounds and pesticides in aquatic systems. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 2015, 96(1-2):384-400.
69. Gonçalves A.G., Figueiredo J.L., Órfão J.J.M., Pereira M.F.R. Influence of the surface chemistry of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on their activity as ozonation catalysts. Carbon 2010, 48(15):4369-4381.
70. Gonçalves A., Órfão J.J.M., Pereira M.F.R. Ozonation of bezafibrate promoted by carbon materials. Appl. Catal. B 2013, 140-141:82-91.
71. Gracia-Lor E., Sancho J.V., Hernandez F. Multi-class determination of around 50 pharmaceuticals, including 26 antibiotics, in environmental and wastewater samples by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 2011, 1218(16):2264-2275.
72. Gurr C.J., Reinhard M. Harnessing natural attenuation of pharmaceuticals and hormones in rivers. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2006, 40(9):2872-2876.
73. Herrero-Hernández E., Andrades M.S., Álvarez-Martín A., Pose-Juan E., Rodríguez-Cruz M.S., Sánchez-Martín M.J. Occurrence of pesticides and some of their degradation products in waters in a Spanish wine region. J. Hydrol. 2013, 486:234-245.
74. Hillis P. Membrane Technology in Water and Wastewater Treatment 2000, Royal Society of Chemistry.
75. Hoa P.T., Managaki S., Nakada N., Takada H., Shimizu A., Anh D.H., Viet P.H., Suzuki S. Antibiotic contamination and occurrence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in aquatic environments of northern Vietnam. Sci. Total Environ. 2011, 409(15):2894-2901.
76. Hoffmann M.R., Martin S.T., Choi W., Bahnemann D.W. Environmental applications of semiconductor photocatalysis. Chem. Rev. 1995, 95(1):69-96.
77. Hoigné J. Inter-calibration of OH radical sources and water quality parameters. Water Sci. Technol. 1997, 35(4):1-8.
78. Hornsby A.G., Wauchope R.D., Herner A. Pesticide Properties in the Environment 1996, Springer-Verlag, New York.
79. Huseth A.S., Groves R.L. Environmental fate of soil applied neonicotinoid insecticides in an irrigated potato agroecosystem. PLoS One 2014, 9(5):e97081.
80. Ikehata K., El-Din M.G. Degradation of recalcitrant surfactants in wastewater by ozonation and advanced oxidation processes: a review. Ozone Sci. Eng. 2004, 26(4):327-343.
81. James C.P., Germain E., Judd S. Micropollutant removal by advanced oxidation of microfiltered secondary effluent for water reuse. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2014, 127:77-83.
82. 2 solar photocatalysis at semi-pilot scale: degradation of pesticides found in citrus processing industry wastewater, reactivity and influence of photogenerated species. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 2015, 90(1):149-157.
83. Jjemba P.K. Excretion and ecotoxicity of pharmaceutical and personal care products in the environment. Ecotoxicol. Environ. Saf. 2006, 63(1):113-130.
84. Joffe M. Are problems with male reproductive health caused by endocrine disruption?. Occup. Environ. Med. 2001, 58(4):281-288.
85. Jung C., Son A., Her N., Zoh K.-D., Cho J., Yoon Y. Removal of endocrine disrupting compounds, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products in water using carbon nanotubes: a review. J. Ind. Eng. Chem. 2015, 27:1-11.
86. 2 and ozone. J. Hazard Mater. 2013, 263(Pt 2):268-274.
87. 2 and ozone. J. Hazard. Mater. 2013, 263(Part 2):268-274.
88. Justo A., González Ó., Aceña J., Mita L., Casado M., Pérez S., Piña B., Sans C., Barceló D., Esplugas S. Application of bioassay panel for assessing the impact of advanced oxidation processes on the treatment of reverse osmosis brine. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 2014, 89(8):1168-1174.
89. Justo A., González O., Sans C., Esplugas S. BAC filtration to mitigate micropollutants and EfOM content in reclamation reverse osmosis brines. Chem. Eng. J. 2015, 279:589-596.
90. Kabir E.R., Rahman M.S., Rahman I. A review on endocrine disruptors and their possible impacts on human health. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol 2015, 40(1):241-258.
91. Kabra K., Chaudhary R., Sawhney R.L. Treatment of hazardous organic and inorganic compounds through aqueous-phase photocatalysis: a review. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2004, 43(24):7683-7696.
92. Kaiser D., Sieratowicz A., Zielke H., Oetken M., Hollert H., Oehlmann J. Ecotoxicological effect characterisation of widely used organic UV filters. Environ. Pollut. 2012, 163:84-90.
93. Kaiser D., Wappelhorst O., Oetken M., Oehlmann J. Occurrence of widely used organic UV filters in lake and river sediments. Environ. Chem. 2012, 9(2):139-147.
94. Kamrin M.A. Pesticide Profiles: Toxicity, Environmental Impact, and Fate 1997, CRC Press.
95. 2-catalysed degradation of diclofenac in surface and drinking water using circulating batch photoreactors. Environ. Chem. 2014, 11(1):51.
96. Kaplan S. Review: pharmacological pollution in water. Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2013, 43(10):1074-1116.
97. Karaolia P., Michael I., Garcia-Fernandez I., Aguera A., Malato S., Fernandez-Ibanez P., Fatta-Kassinos D. Reduction of clarithromycin and sulfamethoxazole-resistant Enterococcus by pilot-scale solar-driven Fenton oxidation. Sci. Total Environ. 2014, 468-469:19-27.
98. Khan F.I., Husain T., Hejazi R. An overview and analysis of site remediation technologies. J. Environ. Manag. 2004, 71(2):95-122.
99. Khanal S.K., Xie B., Thompson M.L., Sung S., Ong S.K., Van Leeuwen J. Fate, transport and biodegradation of natural estrogens in the environment and engineered systems. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2006, 40(21):6537-6546.
100. Kidd K.A., Blanchfield P.J., Mills K.H., Palace V.P., Evans R.E., Lazorchak J.M., Flick R.W. Collapse of a fish population after exposure to a synthetic estrogen. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 2007, 104(21):8897-8901.
101. 2 processes for the removal of pharmaceuticals detected in secondary effluent of a sewage treatment plant in Japan. J. Hazard. Mater. 2009, 166(2-3):1134-1140.
102. Kim M., Guerra P., Shah A., Parsa M., Alaee M., Smyth S.A. Removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in a membrane bioreactor wastewater treatment plant. Water Sci. Technol. 2014, 69(11):2221-2229.
103. 2. Catal. Today 2009, 144(1-2):124-130.
104. 1 initial concentrations by mild solar photo-Fenton in MWTP effluents. Water Res. 2010, 44(2):545-554.
105. Klamerth N., Malato S., Aguera A., Fernandez-Alba A. Photo-Fenton and modified photo-Fenton at neutral pH for the treatment of emerging contaminants in wastewater treatment plant effluents: a comparison. Water Res. 2013, 47(2):833-840.
106. Kohler C., Venditti S., Igos E., Klepiszewski K., Benetto E., Cornelissen A. Elimination of pharmaceutical residues in biologically pre-treated hospital wastewater using advanced UV irradiation technology: a comparative assessment. J. Hazard. Mater. 2012, 239-240:70-77.
107. Kuppusamy S., Palanisami T., Megharaj M., Venkateswarlu K., Naidu R. In-situ remediation approaches for the management of contaminated sites: a comprehensive overview. Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 2016, 236:1-115.
108. Lange F., Cornelissen S., Kubac D., Sein M.M., von Sonntag J., Hannich C.B., Golloch A., Heipieper H.J., Möder M., von Sonntag C. Degradation of macrolide antibiotics by ozone: a mechanistic case study with clarithromycin. Chemosphere 2006, 65(1):17-23.
109. Langford K.H., Reid M.J., Fjeld E., Øxnevad S., Thomas K.V. Environmental occurrence and risk of organic UV filters and stabilizers in multiple matrices in Norway. Environ. Int. 2015, 80:1-7.
110. Lara-Martin P.A., Gonzalez-Mazo E., Petrovic M., Barcelo D., Brownawell B.J. Occurrence, distribution and partitioning of nonionic surfactants and pharmaceuticals in the urbanized Long Island Sound Estuary (NY). Mar. Pollut. Bull. 2014, 85(2):710-719.
111. Lee J., Lee B.C., Ra J.S., Cho J., Kim I.S., Chang N.I., Kim H.K., Kim S.D. Comparison of the removal efficiency of endocrine disrupting compounds in pilot scale sewage treatment processes. Chemosphere 2008, 71(8):1582-1592.
112. Lee C.O., Howe K.J., Thomson B.M. Ozone and biofiltration as an alternative to reverse osmosis for removing PPCPs and micropollutants from treated wastewater. Water Res. 2012, 46(4):1005-1014.
113. Lee Y., Kovalova L., McArdell C.S., von Gunten U. Prediction of micropollutant elimination during ozonation of a hospital wastewater effluent. Water Res. 2014, 64:134-148.
114. Lekkerkerker-Teunissen K., Knol A.H., Derks J.G., Heringa M.B., Houtman C.J., Hofman-Caris C.H.M., Beerendonk E.F., Reus A., Verberk J.Q.J.C., van Dijk J.C. Pilot plant results with three different types of uv lamps for advanced oxidation. Ozone Sci. Eng. 2013, 35(1):38-48.
115. Li W.C. Occurrence, sources, and fate of pharmaceuticals in aquatic environment and soil. Environ. Pollut. 2014, 187:193-201.
116. Li W., Ma Y., Guo C., Hu W., Liu K., Wang Y., Zhu T. Occurrence and behavior of four of the most used sunscreen UV filters in a wastewater reclamation plant. Water Res. 2007, 41(15):3506-3512.
117. Li Y., Zhu G., Ng W.J., Tan S.K. A review on removing pharmaceutical contaminants from wastewater by constructed wetlands: design, performance and mechanism. Sci. Total Environ. 2014, 468-469:908-932.
118. Li H., Dong Z., Weng Q., Chang C.C., Liu B. Emerging pollutants - Part I: occurrence, fate and transport. Water Environ. Res. 2015, 87(10):1849-1872.
119. Liu J.L., Wong M.H. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs): a review on environmental contamination in China. Environ. Int. 2013, 59:208-224.
120. Liu Z.H., Kanjo Y., Mizutani S. Removal mechanisms for endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in wastewater treatment - physical means, biodegradation, and chemical advanced oxidation: a review. Sci. Total Environ. 2009, 407(2):731-748.
121. Liu P., Zhang H., Feng Y., Shen C., Yang F. Influence of spacer on rejection of trace antibiotics in wastewater during forward osmosis process. Desalination 2015, 371:134-143.
122. López-Fernández R., Tavares F.V.F., Gómez M., Irusta R., Le-Clech P. Removal of 17-β estradiol from wastewater: comparison between a laboratory scale conventional activated sludge and a membrane bioreactor. Desalin. Water Treat. 2013, 51(10-12):2336-2342.
123. Lopez-Serna R., Jurado A., Vazquez-Sune E., Carrera J., Petrovic M., Barcelo D. Occurrence of 95 pharmaceuticals and transformation products in urban groundwaters underlying the metropolis of Barcelona. Spain. Environ. Pollut. 2013, 174:305-315.
124. Luo Y., Guo W., Ngo H.H., Nghiem L.D., Hai F.I., Zhang J., Liang S., Wang X.C. A review on the occurrence of micropollutants in the aquatic environment and their fate and removal during wastewater treatment. Sci. Total Environ. 2014, 473-474:619-641.
125. Ma Y., Li M., Wu M., Li Z., Liu X. Occurrences and regional distributions of 20 antibiotics in water bodies during groundwater recharge. Sci. Total Environ. 2015, 518-519:498-506.
126. Manickum T., John W. Occurrence, fate and environmental risk assessment of endocrine disrupting compounds at the wastewater treatment works in Pietermaritzburg (South Africa). Sci. Total Environ. 2014, 468-469:584-597.
127. Marin M.L., Lhiaubet-Vallet V., Santos-Juanes L., Soler J., Gomis J., Arques A., Amat A.M., Miranda M.A. A photophysical approach to investigate the photooxidation mechanism of pesticides: hydroxyl radical versus electron transfer. Appl. Catal. B 2011, 103(1-2):48-53.
128. Martins R.C., Cardoso M., Dantas R.F., Sans C., Esplugas S., Quinta-Ferreira R.M. Catalytic studies for the abatement of emerging contaminants by ozonation. J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol. 2015, 90(9):1611-1618.
129. Masia A., Campo J., Vazquez-Roig P., Blasco C., Pico Y. Screening of currently used pesticides in water, sediments and biota of the Guadalquivir River Basin (Spain). J. Hazard. Mater. 2013, 263(Pt 1):95-104.
130. Masiá A., Ibáñez M., Blasco C., Sancho J.V., Picó Y., Hernández F. Combined use of liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry in systematic screening of pesticides and other contaminants in water samples. Anal. Chim. Acta 2013, 761:117-127.
131. Matamoros V., Bayona J.M. Elimination of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in subsurface flow constructed wetlands. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2006, 40(18):5811-5816.
132. Matthiessen P., Arnold D., Johnson A.C., Pepper T.J., Pottinger T.G., Pulman K.G. Contamination of headwater streams in the United Kingdom by oestrogenic hormones from livestock farms. Sci. Total Environ. 2006, 367(2-3):616-630.
133. 2 photocatalysis for disinfection of water contaminated with pathogenic micro-organisms: a review. Res. Chem. Intermed. 2007, 33(3-5):359-375.
134. 2: adsorption, kinetics, product analysis and toxicity assessment. Sci. Total Environ. 2013, 458-460:388-398.
135. Mitsika E.E., Christophoridis C., Fytianos K. Fenton and Fenton-like oxidation of pesticide acetamiprid in water samples: kinetic study of the degradation and optimization using response surface methodology. Chemosphere 2013, 93(9):1818-1825.
136. Mompelat S., Le Bot B., Thomas O. Occurrence and fate of pharmaceutical products and by-products, from resource to drinking water. Environ. Int. 2009, 35(5):803-814.
137. 2 photocatalytic activity towards diphenhydramine degradation and Escherichia coli inactivation in aqueous solutions. Appl. Catal. B 2015, 162:66-74.
138. Moreira N.F., Orge C.A., Ribeiro A.R., Faria J.L., Nunes O.C., Pereira M.F., Silva A.M. Fast mineralization and detoxification of amoxicillin and diclofenac by photocatalytic ozonation and application to an urban wastewater. Water Res. 2015, 87:87-96.
139. Morrissey C.A., Mineau P., Devries J.H., Sanchez-Bayo F., Liess M., Cavallaro M.C., Liber K. Neonicotinoid contamination of global surface waters and associated risk to aquatic invertebrates: a review. Environ. Int. 2015, 74:291-303.
140. Munter R. Advanced oxidation processes - current status and prospects. Proc. Estonian Acad. Sci. Chem. 2001, 50(2):59-80.
141. Nakada N., Shinohara H., Murata A., Kiri K., Managaki S., Sato N., Takada H. Removal of selected pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) and endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) during sand filtration and ozonation at a municipal sewage treatment plant. Water Res. 2007, 41(19):4373-4382.
142. Nidheesh P.V., Gandhimathi R. Trends in electro-Fenton process for water and wastewater treatment: an overview. Desalination 2012, 299:1-15.
143. Nie Y., Qiang Z., Zhang H., Ben W. Fate and seasonal variation of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in a sewage treatment plant with A/A/O process. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2012, 84:9-15.
144. Ogunlaja O.O., Parker W.J. Impact of activated sludge process configuration on removal of micropollutants and estrogenicity. Water Sci. Technol. 2015, 72(2):277-283.
145. Oliveira T.S., Murphy M., Mendola N., Wong V., Carlson D., Waring L. Characterization of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care products in hospital effluent and waste water influent/effluent by direct-injection LC-MS-MS. Sci. Total Environ. 2015, 518-519:459-478.
146. Orge C.A., Órfão J.J.M., Pereira M.F.R. Carbon xerogels and ceria-carbon xerogel materials as catalysts in the ozonation of organic pollutants. Appl. Catal. B 2012, 126:22-28.
147. Oulton R.L., Kohn T., Cwiertny D.M. Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in effluent matrices: a survey of transformation and removal during wastewater treatment and implications for wastewater management. J. Environ. Monit. 2010, 12(11):1956-1978.
148. Papadakis E.-N., Tsaboula A., Kotopoulou A., Kintzikoglou K., Vryzas Z., Papadopoulou-Mourkidou E. Pesticides in the surface waters of Lake Vistonis Basin, Greece: occurrence and environmental risk assessment. Sci. Total Environ. 2015, 536:793-802.
149. Papadopoulou-Mourkidou E., Patsias J., Papadakis E., Koukourikou A. Use of an automated on-line SPE-HPLC method to monitor caffeine and selected aniline and phenol compounds in aquatic systems of Macedonia-Thrace, Greece. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2001, 371(4):491-496.
150. Papoutsakis S., Brites-Nóbrega F.F., Pulgarin C., Malato S. Benefits and limitations of using Fe(III)-EDDS for the treatment of highly contaminated water at near-neutral pH. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A Chem. 2015, 303-304:1-7.
151. Pasquini L., Munoz J.F., Pons M.N., Yvon J., Dauchy X., France X., Le N.D., France-Lanord C., Gorner T. Occurrence of eight household micropollutants in urban wastewater and their fate in a wastewater treatment plant. Statistical evaluation. Sci. Total Environ. 2014, 481:459-468.
152. Pastrana-Martinez L.M., Morales-Torres S., Figueiredo J.L., Faria J.L., Silva A.M. Graphene oxide based ultrafiltration membranes for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in salty water. Water Res. 2015, 77:179-190.
153. Pastrana-Martínez L.M., Pereira N., Lima R., Faria J.L., Gomes H.T., Silva A.M.T. Degradation of diphenhydramine by photo-Fenton using magnetically recoverable iron oxide nanoparticles as catalyst. Chem. Eng. J. 2015, 261:45-52.
154. Pedersen J.A., Yeager M.A., Suffet I.H. Xenobiotic organic compounds in runoff from fields irrigated with treated wastewater. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2003, 51(5):1360-1372.
155. Pena A., Rodriguez-Liebana J.A., Mingorance M.D. Persistence of two neonicotinoid insecticides in wastewater, and in aqueous solutions of surfactants and dissolved organic matter. Chemosphere 2011, 84(4):464-470.
156. 3/carbon aerogel cathode: high activity and low energy consumption. Appl. Catal. B 2015, 174-175:157-166.
157. Pereira V.J., Galinha J., Barreto Crespo M.T., Matos C.T., Crespo J.G. Integration of nanofiltration, UV photolysis, and advanced oxidation processes for the removal of hormones from surface water sources. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2012, 95:89-96.
158. Pereira A.M., Silva L.J., Meisel L.M., Lino C.M., Pena A. Environmental impact of pharmaceuticals from Portuguese wastewaters: geographical and seasonal occurrence, removal and risk assessment. Environ. Res. 2015, 136:108-119.
159. Pérez-González A., Urtiaga A.M., Ibáñez R., Ortiz I. State of the art and review on the treatment technologies of water reverse osmosis concentrates. Water Res. 2012, 46(2):267-283.
160. Pesoutova R., Stritesky L., Hlavinek P. A pilot scale comparison of advanced oxidation processes for estrogenic hormone removal from municipal wastewater effluent. Water Sci. Technol. 2014, 70(1):70-75.
161. Peters T. Membrane technology for water treatment. Chem. Eng. Technol. 2010, 33(8):1233-1240.
162. Petrie B., McAdam E.J., Scrimshaw M.D., Lester J.N., Cartmell E. Fate of drugs during wastewater treatment. TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. 2013, 49:145-159.
163. Petrovic M., de Alda M.J., Diaz-Cruz S., Postigo C., Radjenovic J., Gros M., Barcelo D. Fate and removal of pharmaceuticals and illicit drugs in conventional and membrane bioreactor wastewater treatment plants and by riverbank filtration. Philos. Trans. A Math. Phys. Eng. Sci. 2009, 367(1904):3979-4003.
164. Pinilla P., Ruiz J., Lobo M.C., Martinez-Inigo M.J. Degradation of oxadiazon in a bioreactor integrated in the water closed circuit of a plant nursery. Bioresour. Technol. 2008, 99(7):2177-2181.
165. Pocostales P., Álvarez P., Beltrán F.J. Catalytic ozonation promoted by alumina-based catalysts for the removal of some pharmaceutical compounds from water. Chem. Eng. J. 2011, 168(3):1289-1295.
166. 2 concentrations. J. Hazard. Mater. 2012, 211-212:131-137.
167. Qiang Z., Tian F., Liu W., Liu C. Degradation of methiocarb by monochloramine in water treatment: kinetics and pathways. Water Res. 2014, 50:237-244.
168. Quinn B., Gagne F., Blaise C. Evaluation of the acute, chronic and teratogenic effects of a mixture of eleven pharmaceuticals on the cnidarian, Hydra attenuata. Sci. Total Environ. 2009, 407(3):1072-1079.
169. Radjenovic J., Petrovic M., Barcelo D. Fate and distribution of pharmaceuticals in wastewater and sewage sludge of the conventional activated sludge (CAS) and advanced membrane bioreactor (MBR) treatment. Water Res. 2009, 43(3):831-841.
170. Rahman M.M. Remediation of water contaminated with herbicide oxadiazon using fenton reagent. J. Korean Soc. Appl. Biol. Chem. 2010, 53(4):458-463.
171. Ramos S., Homem V., Alves A., Santos L. Advances in analytical methods and occurrence of organic UV-filters in the environment-A review. Sci. Total Environ. 2015, 526:278-311.
172. Restivo J., Orfao J.J., Armenise S., Garcia-Bordeje E., Pereira M.F. Catalytic ozonation of metolachlor under continuous operation using nanocarbon materials grown on a ceramic monolith. J. Hazard. Mater. 2012, 239-240:249-256.
173. Ribeiro A.R., Nunes O.C., Pereira M.F.R., Silva A.M.T. An overview on the advanced oxidation processes applied for the treatment of water pollutants defined in the recently launched Directive 2013/39/EU. Environ. Int. 2015, 75:33-51.
174. 2: implications in solar water disinfection. Appl. Catal. B 2004, 51(4):283-302.
175. Rizzo L., Meric S., Guida M., Kassinos D., Belgiorno V. Heterogenous photocatalytic degradation kinetics and detoxification of an urban wastewater treatment plant effluent contaminated with pharmaceuticals. Water Res. 2009, 43(16):4070-4078.
176. Rocha M.J., Arukwe A., Kapoor B.G. Fish Reproduction 2008, Taylor & Francis.
177. Rodríguez A., Rosal R., Gomez M.J., García-Calvo E., Fernandez-Alba A.R. Ozone-based reclamation of an STP effluent. Water Sci. Technol. 2011, 63(10):2123.
178. Rodriguez A., Munoz I., Perdigon-Melon J.A., Carbajo J.B., Martinez M.J., Fernandez-Alba A.R., Garcia-Calvo E., Rosal R. Environmental optimization of continuous flow ozonation for urban wastewater reclamation. Sci. Total Environ. 2012, 437:68-75.
179. Rodriguez-Mozaz S., Ricart M., Köck-Schulmeyer M., Guasch H., Bonnineau C., Proia L., de Alda M.L., Sabater S., Barceló D. Pharmaceuticals and pesticides in reclaimed water: efficiency assessment of a microfiltration-reverse osmosis (MF-RO) pilot plant. J. Hazard. Mater. 2015, 282:165-173.
180. Röhricht M., Krisam J., Weise U., Kraus U.R., Düring R.-A. Elimination of pharmaceuticals from wastewater by submerged nanofiltration plate modules. Desalination 2010, 250(3):1025-1026.
181. Rosal R., Rodriguez A., Perdigon-Melon J.A., Petre A., Garcia-Calvo E., Gomez M.J., Aguera A., Fernandez-Alba A.R. Occurrence of emerging pollutants in urban wastewater and their removal through biological treatment followed by ozonation. Water Res. 2010, 44(2):578-588.
182. Sahar E., David I., Gelman Y., Chikurel H., Aharoni A., Messalem R., Brenner A. The use of RO to remove emerging micropollutants following CAS/UF or MBR treatment of municipal wastewater. Desalination 2011, 273(1):142-147.
183. Salgado R., Pereira V.J., Carvalho G., Soeiro R., Gaffney V., Almeida C., Vale Cardoso V., Ferreira E., Benoliel M.J., Ternes T.A., Oehmen A., Reis M.A., Noronha J.P. Photodegradation kinetics and transformation products of ketoprofen, diclofenac and atenolol in pure water and treated wastewater. J. Hazard. Mater. 2013, 244-245:516-527.
184. Sanches S., Penetra A., Rodrigues A., Ferreira E., Cardoso V.V., Benoliel M.J., Barreto Crespo M.T., Pereira V.J., Crespo J.G. Nanofiltration of hormones and pesticides in different real drinking water sources. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2012, 94:44-53.
185. Sánchez-Bayo F., Hyne R.V. Detection and analysis of neonicotinoids in river waters - development of a passive sampler for three commonly used insecticides. Chemosphere 2014, 99:143-151.
186. Santiago-Morales J., Gomez M.J., Herrera-Lopez S., Fernandez-Alba A.R., Garcia-Calvo E., Rosal R. Energy efficiency for the removal of non-polar pollutants during ultraviolet irradiation, visible light photocatalysis and ozonation of a wastewater effluent. Water Res. 2013, 47(15):5546-5556.
187. Santos L.H., Araujo A.N., Fachini A., Pena A., Delerue-Matos C., Montenegro M.C. Ecotoxicological aspects related to the presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment. J. Hazard. Mater. 2010, 175(1-3):45-95.
188. 2 for the removal of organics from surface water. Desalination 2010, 260(1-3):39-42.
189. Sarkar S., Ali S., Rehmann L., Nakhla G., Ray M.B. Degradation of estrone in water and wastewater by various advanced oxidation processes. J. Hazard. Mater. 2014, 278:16-24.
190. Schaar H., Clara M., Gans O., Kreuzinger N. Micropollutant removal during biological wastewater treatment and a subsequent ozonation step. Environ. Pollut. 2010, 158(5):1399-1404.
191. Shanmuganathan S., Vigneswaran S., Nguyen T.V., Loganathan P., Kandasamy J. Use of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis in reclaiming micro-filtered biologically treated sewage effluent for irrigation. Desalination 2015, 364:119-125.
192. Sharpe R.M., Irvine D.S. How strong is the evidence of a link between environmental chemicals and adverse effects on human reproductive health?. BMJ Br. Med. J. 2004, 328(7437):447-451.
193. Silva T.L.S., Morales-Torres S., Figueiredo J.L., Silva A.M.T. Multi-walled carbon nanotube/PVDF blended membranes with sponge- and finger-like pores for direct contact membrane distillation. Desalination 2015, 357:233-245.
194. Sima L., Amador J., Da Silva A.K., Miller S.M., Morse A.N., Pellegrin M.-L., Rock C., Wells M.J.M. Emerging pollutants - Part I: occurrence, fate and transport. Water Environ. Res. 2014, 86(10):1994-2035.
195. 3 hybrid processes: kinetics, degradation intermediates and toxicity. J. Hydrol. 2012, 472-473:314-327.
196. Song W., Huang M., Rumbeiha W., Li H. Determination of amprolium, carbadox, monensin, and tylosin in surface water by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2007, 21(12):1944-1950.
197. Spongberg A.L., Witter J.D., Acuña J., Vargas J., Murillo M., Umaña G., Gómez E., Perez G. Reconnaissance of selected PPCP compounds in Costa Rican surface waters. Water Res. 2011, 45(20):6709-6717.
198. Stasinakis A.S., Mermigka S., Samaras V.G., Farmaki E., Thomaidis N.S. Occurrence of endocrine disrupters and selected pharmaceuticals in Aisonas River (Greece) and environmental risk assessment using hazard indexes. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. Int. 2012, 19(5):1574-1583.
199. Sudhakaran S., Maeng S.K., Amy G. Hybridization of natural systems with advanced treatment processes for organic micropollutant removals: new concepts in multi-barrier treatment. Chemosphere 2013, 92(6):731-737.
200. 2 supported on H-ZSM-5. Environ. Earth Sci. 2011, 66(2):441-445.
201. Teske S.S., Arnold R.G. Removal of natural and xeno-estrogens during conventional wastewater treatment. Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol. 2008, 7(2):107-124.
202. Theepharaksapan S., Chiemchaisri C., Chiemchaisri W., Yamamoto K. Removal of pollutants and reduction of bio-toxicity in a full scale chemical coagulation and reverse osmosis leachate treatment system. Bioresour. Technol. 2011, 102(9):5381-5388.
203. Tijani J., Fatoba O., Petrik L.F. A Review of pharmaceuticals and endocrine-disrupting compounds: sources, effects, removal, and detections. Water Air Soil Pollut. 2013, 224(11):1-29.
204. Tombesi N.B., Freije H. Application of solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to the determination of butylated hydroxytoluene in bottled drinking water. J. Chromatogr. A 2002, 963(1-2):179-183.
205. Tong L., Huang S., Wang Y., Liu H., Li M. Occurrence of antibiotics in the aquatic environment of Jianghan Plain, central China. Sci. Total Environ. 2014, 497-498:180-187.
206. Tsui M.M., Leung H.W., Lam P.K., Murphy M.B. Seasonal occurrence, removal efficiencies and preliminary risk assessment of multiple classes of organic UV filters in wastewater treatment plants. Water Res. 2014, 53:58-67.
207. Umar M., Aziz H.A., Yusoff M.S. Trends in the use of Fenton, electro-Fenton and photo-Fenton for the treatment of landfill leachate. Waste Manag. 2010, 30(11):2113-2121.
208. Umar M., Roddick F., Fan L. Recent advancements in the treatment of municipal wastewater reverse osmosis concentrate-An overview. Crit. Rev. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2015, 45(3):193-248.
209. Vergeynst L., Haeck A., De Wispelaere P., Van Langenhove H., Demeestere K. Multi-residue analysis of pharmaceuticals in wastewater by liquid chromatography-magnetic sector mass spectrometry: method quality assessment and application in a Belgian case study. Chemosphere 2015, 119(Suppl):S2-S8.
210. Vergili I. Application of nanofiltration for the removal of carbamazepine, diclofenac and ibuprofen from drinking water sources. J. Environ. Manag. 2013, 127:177-187.
211. Verlicchi P., Al Aukidy M., Zambello E. Occurrence of pharmaceutical compounds in urban wastewater: removal, mass load and environmental risk after a secondary treatment-a review. Sci. Total Environ. 2012, 429:123-155.
212. Vieno N., Sillanpää M. Fate of diclofenac in municipal wastewater treatment plant - a review. Environ. Int. 2014, 69:28-39.
213. Volpe A., Lopez A., Mascolo G., Detomaso A. Chlorinated herbicide (triallate) dehalogenation by iron powder. Chemosphere 2004, 57(7):579-586.
214. Vulliet E., Cren-Olivé C. Screening of pharmaceuticals and hormones at the regional scale, in surface and groundwaters intended to human consumption. Environ. Pollut. 2011, 159(10):2929-2934.
215. Vulliet E., Wiest L., Baudot R., Grenier-Loustalot M.-F. Multi-residue analysis of steroids at sub-ng/L levels in surface and ground-waters using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 2008, 1210(1):84-91.
216. Wang P., Chung T.-S. Recent advances in membrane distillation processes: membrane development, configuration design and application exploring. J. Membr. Sci. 2015, 474:39-56.
217. Wang Y., Zhao H., Li M., Fan J., Zhao G. Magnetic ordered mesoporous copper ferrite as a heterogeneous Fenton catalyst for the degradation of imidacloprid. Appl. Catal. B 2014, 147:534-545.
218. OW: key to understanding and regulating wastewater-derived contaminants. Environ. Chem. 2006, 3(6):439-449.
219. Wells M.J.M. Examination of the Mobility Scoring Hierarchy Used to Select Chemicals for the U.S. EPA Contaminant Candidate List Classification Procedure Water Environment Federation 2007 Specialty Conference Series. Compounds of Emerging Concern: What Is on the Horizon? 2007, Providence, RI.
220. Wells M.J.M., Fono L.J., Pellegrin M.-L., Morse A. Emerging pollutants. Water Environ. Res. 2007, 79(10):2192-2209.
221. Westerhoff P., Yoon Y., Snyder S., Wert E. Fate of endocrine-disruptor, pharmaceutical, and personal care product chemicals during simulated drinking water treatment processes. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2005, 39(17):6649-6663.
222. Westerhoff P., Moon H., Minakata D., Crittenden J. Oxidation of organics in retentates from reverse osmosis wastewater reuse facilities. Water Res. 2009, 43(16):3992-3998.
223. 2 photocatalytic decomposition of erythromycin in water: factors affecting mineralization and antibiotic activity. Catal. Today 2010, 151(1-2):29-33.
224. Yan Q., Gao X., Chen Y.P., Peng X.Y., Zhang Y.X., Gan X.M., Zi C.F., Guo J.S. Occurrence, fate and ecotoxicological assessment of pharmaceutically active compounds in wastewater and sludge from wastewater treatment plants in Chongqing, the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Sci. Total Environ. 2014, 470-471:618-630.
225. Yan Q., Gao X., Huang L., Gan X.M., Zhang Y.X., Chen Y.P., Peng X.Y., Guo J.S. Occurrence and fate of pharmaceutically active compounds in the largest municipal wastewater treatment plant in Southwest China: mass balance analysis and consumption back-calculated model. Chemosphere 2014, 99:160-170.
226. Yang X., Flowers R.C., Weinberg H.S., Singer P.C. Occurrence and removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in an advanced wastewater reclamation plant. Water Res. 2011, 45(16):5218-5228.
227. Yu C.P., Deeb R.A., Chu K.H. Microbial degradation of steroidal estrogens. Chemosphere 2013, 91(9):1225-1235.
228. Yuan X., Qiang Z., Ben W., Zhu B., Qu J. Distribution, mass load and environmental impact of multiple-class pharmaceuticals in conventional and upgraded municipal wastewater treatment plants in East China. Environ. Sci. Process Impacts 2015, 17(3):596-605.
229. 2 of three selected neonicotinoid insecticides: imidacloprid, thiamethoxam and clothianidin. Chemosphere 2012, 89(3):293-301.
230. Zarora C., Segura C., Mansilla H., Mondaca M.A., Gonzalez P. Kinetic study of imidacloprid removal by advanced oxidation based on photo-Fenton process. Environ. Technol. 2010, 31(13):1411-1416.
231. 2 oxidation processes: effects of reaction conditions and sludge matrix. Sci. Total Environ. 2014, 493:307-323.
232. Zhang Y., Geißen S.U., Gal C. Carbamazepine and diclofenac: removal in wastewater treatment plants and occurrence in water bodies. Chemosphere 2008, 73(8):1151-1161.
233. Zhang D., Gersberg R.M., Ng W.J., Tan S.K. Removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in aquatic plant-based systems: a review. Environ. Pollut. 2014, 184:620-639.
234. Zhang L., Xu C.C., Champagne P., Mabee W. Overview of current biological and thermo-chemical treatment technologies for sustainable sludge management. Waste Manag. Res. 2014, 32(7):586-600.
235. Ziylan A., Ince N.H. The occurrence and fate of anti-inflammatory and analgesic pharmaceuticals in sewage and fresh water: treatability by conventional and non-conventional processes. J. Hazard. Mater. 2011, 187(1-3):24-36.
236. Zorita S., Mårtensson L., Mathiasson L. Occurrence and removal of pharmaceuticals in a municipal sewage treatment system in the south of Sweden. Sci. Total Environ. 2009, 407(8):2760-2770.
237. Zuo Y., Zhang K., Zhou S. Determination of estrogenic steroids and microbial and photochemical degradation of 17-α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) in lake surface water, a case study. Environ. Sci. Process. Impacts 2013, 15(8):1529-1535.