메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 4, Issue 1, 2016, Pages 59-72

The microbiome and critical illness

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BACTERIUM CULTURE; CHRONIC LUNG DISEASE; CLINICAL INTERVENTION; CLINICAL RESEARCH; CRITICAL ILLNESS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE COURSE; DISEASE EXACERBATION; DISEASE MODEL; DISEASE PREDISPOSITION; ECOSYSTEM; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE; LUNG ALVEOLUS; MICROBIOLOGY; MICROBIOME; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; NONHUMAN; PREDICTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SEPSIS; THERAPY; ADULT RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME; ANIMAL; ASTHMA; BRONCHIECTASIS; CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE LUNG DISEASE; CYSTIC FIBROSIS; INTESTINE FLORA; LUNG; MICROFLORA; PNEUMONIA;

EID: 84952984042     PISSN: 22132600     EISSN: 22132619     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S2213-2600(15)00427-0     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (337)

References (164)
  • 1
    • 77958108729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical care and the global burden of critical illness in adults
    • Adhikari NK, Fowler RA, Bhagwanjee S, Rubenfeld GD Critical care and the global burden of critical illness in adults. Lancet 2010, 376:1339-1346.
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.376 , pp. 1339-1346
    • Adhikari, N.K.1    Fowler, R.A.2    Bhagwanjee, S.3    Rubenfeld, G.D.4
  • 3
    • 83755185513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental and analytical tools for studying the human microbiome
    • Kuczynski J, Lauber CL, Walters WA, et al. Experimental and analytical tools for studying the human microbiome. Nat Rev Genet 2012, 13:47-58.
    • (2012) Nat Rev Genet , vol.13 , pp. 47-58
    • Kuczynski, J.1    Lauber, C.L.2    Walters, W.A.3
  • 4
    • 0014685840 scopus 로고
    • Changing pharyngeal bacterial flora of hospitalized patients. Emergence of gram-negative bacilli
    • Johanson WG, Pierce AK, Sanford JP Changing pharyngeal bacterial flora of hospitalized patients. Emergence of gram-negative bacilli. N Engl J Med 1969, 281:1137-1140.
    • (1969) N Engl J Med , vol.281 , pp. 1137-1140
    • Johanson, W.G.1    Pierce, A.K.2    Sanford, J.P.3
  • 6
    • 84892828465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome
    • David LA, Maurice CF, Carmody RN, et al. Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome. Nature 2014, 505:559-563.
    • (2014) Nature , vol.505 , pp. 559-563
    • David, L.A.1    Maurice, C.F.2    Carmody, R.N.3
  • 7
    • 34248547055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular analysis of oral and respiratory bacterial species associated with ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Bahrani-Mougeot FK, Paster BJ, Coleman S, et al. Molecular analysis of oral and respiratory bacterial species associated with ventilator-associated pneumonia. J Clin Microbiol 2007, 45:1588-1593.
    • (2007) J Clin Microbiol , vol.45 , pp. 1588-1593
    • Bahrani-Mougeot, F.K.1    Paster, B.J.2    Coleman, S.3
  • 9
    • 0015023732 scopus 로고
    • The potassium depletion states and postoperative ileus. The role of the potassium ion
    • Lowman RM The potassium depletion states and postoperative ileus. The role of the potassium ion. Radiology 1971, 98:691-694.
    • (1971) Radiology , vol.98 , pp. 691-694
    • Lowman, R.M.1
  • 12
    • 84869064920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gut-origin sepsis: evolution of a concept
    • Deitch EA Gut-origin sepsis: evolution of a concept. Surgeon 2012, 10:350-356.
    • (2012) Surgeon , vol.10 , pp. 350-356
    • Deitch, E.A.1
  • 13
    • 84873513423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Host-derived nitrate boosts growth of E. coli in the inflamed gut
    • Winter SE, Winter MG, Xavier MN, et al. Host-derived nitrate boosts growth of E. coli in the inflamed gut. Science 2013, 339:708-711.
    • (2013) Science , vol.339 , pp. 708-711
    • Winter, S.E.1    Winter, M.G.2    Xavier, M.N.3
  • 14
    • 34548399000 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Host-mediated inflammation disrupts the intestinal microbiota and promotes the overgrowth of Enterobacteriaceae
    • Lupp C, Robertson ML, Wickham ME, et al. Host-mediated inflammation disrupts the intestinal microbiota and promotes the overgrowth of Enterobacteriaceae. cell Host Microbe 2007, 2:204.
    • (2007) cell Host Microbe , vol.2 , pp. 204
    • Lupp, C.1    Robertson, M.L.2    Wickham, M.E.3
  • 15
    • 84859389254 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The microbiome in infectious disease and inflammation
    • Honda K, Littman DR The microbiome in infectious disease and inflammation. Annu Rev Immunol 2012, 30:759-795.
    • (2012) Annu Rev Immunol , vol.30 , pp. 759-795
    • Honda, K.1    Littman, D.R.2
  • 16
    • 77952018787 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human intestinal ischemia-reperfusion-induced inflammation characterized: experiences from a new translational model
    • Grootjans J, Lenaerts K, Derikx JP, et al. Human intestinal ischemia-reperfusion-induced inflammation characterized: experiences from a new translational model. Am J Pathol 2010, 176:2283-2291.
    • (2010) Am J Pathol , vol.176 , pp. 2283-2291
    • Grootjans, J.1    Lenaerts, K.2    Derikx, J.P.3
  • 17
    • 0032870882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lack of enteral nutrition during critical illness is associated with profound decrements in biliary lipid concentrations
    • de Vree JM, Romijn JA, Mok KS, et al. Lack of enteral nutrition during critical illness is associated with profound decrements in biliary lipid concentrations. Am J Clin Nutr 1999, 70:70-77.
    • (1999) Am J Clin Nutr , vol.70 , pp. 70-77
    • de Vree, J.M.1    Romijn, J.A.2    Mok, K.S.3
  • 18
    • 20444493331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interaction between bacteria and bile
    • Begley M, Gahan CG, Hill C The interaction between bacteria and bile. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2005, 29:625-651.
    • (2005) FEMS Microbiol Rev , vol.29 , pp. 625-651
    • Begley, M.1    Gahan, C.G.2    Hill, C.3
  • 19
    • 34047203210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynorphin activates quorum sensing quinolone signaling in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    • Zaborina O, Lepine F, Xiao G, et al. Dynorphin activates quorum sensing quinolone signaling in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PLoS Pathog 2007, 3:e35.
    • (2007) PLoS Pathog , vol.3 , pp. e35
    • Zaborina, O.1    Lepine, F.2    Xiao, G.3
  • 20
    • 84908409938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Membership and behavior of ultra-low-diversity pathogen communities present in the gut of humans during prolonged critical illness
    • Zaborin A, Smith D, Garfield K, et al. Membership and behavior of ultra-low-diversity pathogen communities present in the gut of humans during prolonged critical illness. MBio 2014, 5:e01361-e01414.
    • (2014) MBio , vol.5 , pp. e01361-e01414
    • Zaborin, A.1    Smith, D.2    Garfield, K.3
  • 21
    • 0033859555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of dopamine on gastrointestinal motility during critical illness
    • Dive A, Foret F, Jamart J, Bulpa P, Installé E Effect of dopamine on gastrointestinal motility during critical illness. Intensive Care Med 2000, 26:901-907.
    • (2000) Intensive Care Med , vol.26 , pp. 901-907
    • Dive, A.1    Foret, F.2    Jamart, J.3    Bulpa, P.4    Installé, E.5
  • 22
    • 0033814549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gut-derived sepsis occurs when the right pathogen with the right virulence genes meets the right host: evidence for in vivo virulence expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    • Alverdy J, Holbrook C, Rocha F, et al. Gut-derived sepsis occurs when the right pathogen with the right virulence genes meets the right host: evidence for in vivo virulence expression in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Ann Surg 2000, 232:480-489.
    • (2000) Ann Surg , vol.232 , pp. 480-489
    • Alverdy, J.1    Holbrook, C.2    Rocha, F.3
  • 24
    • 0033025425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of cytokines and endotoxin on the intracellular growth of bacteria
    • Kanangat S, Meduri GU, Tolley EA, et al. Effects of cytokines and endotoxin on the intracellular growth of bacteria. Infect Immun 1999, 67:2834-2840.
    • (1999) Infect Immun , vol.67 , pp. 2834-2840
    • Kanangat, S.1    Meduri, G.U.2    Tolley, E.A.3
  • 25
    • 79952816029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The anatomic sites of disruption of the mucus layer directly correlate with areas of trauma/hemorrhagic shock-induced gut injury
    • Lu Q, Xu DZ, Sharpe S, et al. The anatomic sites of disruption of the mucus layer directly correlate with areas of trauma/hemorrhagic shock-induced gut injury. J Trauma 2011, 70:630-635.
    • (2011) J Trauma , vol.70 , pp. 630-635
    • Lu, Q.1    Xu, D.Z.2    Sharpe, S.3
  • 26
    • 33947310779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between disruption of the unstirred mucus layer and intestinal restitution in loss of gut barrier function after trauma hemorrhagic shock
    • Rupani B, Caputo FJ, Watkins AC, et al. Relationship between disruption of the unstirred mucus layer and intestinal restitution in loss of gut barrier function after trauma hemorrhagic shock. Surgery 2007, 141:481-489.
    • (2007) Surgery , vol.141 , pp. 481-489
    • Rupani, B.1    Caputo, F.J.2    Watkins, A.C.3
  • 27
    • 0030968004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of bacterial adherence and the mucus barrier on bacterial translocation: effects of protein malnutrition and endotoxin in rats
    • Katayama M, Xu D, Specian RD, Deitch EA Role of bacterial adherence and the mucus barrier on bacterial translocation: effects of protein malnutrition and endotoxin in rats. Ann Surg 1997, 225:317-326.
    • (1997) Ann Surg , vol.225 , pp. 317-326
    • Katayama, M.1    Xu, D.2    Specian, R.D.3    Deitch, E.A.4
  • 28
    • 0022481952 scopus 로고
    • Translocation of indigenous bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract of mice after oral ricinoleic acid treatment
    • Morehouse JL, Specian RD, Stewart JJ, Berg RD Translocation of indigenous bacteria from the gastrointestinal tract of mice after oral ricinoleic acid treatment. Gastroenterology 1986, 91:673-682.
    • (1986) Gastroenterology , vol.91 , pp. 673-682
    • Morehouse, J.L.1    Specian, R.D.2    Stewart, J.J.3    Berg, R.D.4
  • 29
    • 84908306828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between intraluminal oxygen gradient and radial partitioning of intestinal microbiota
    • 63.e8
    • Albenberg L, Esipova TV, Judge CP, et al. Correlation between intraluminal oxygen gradient and radial partitioning of intestinal microbiota. Gastroenterology 2014, 147:1055. 63.e8.
    • (2014) Gastroenterology , vol.147 , pp. 1055
    • Albenberg, L.1    Esipova, T.V.2    Judge, C.P.3
  • 30
    • 44149126798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secreted enteric antimicrobial activity localises to the mucus surface layer
    • Meyer-Hoffert U, Hornef MW, Henriques-Normark B, et al. Secreted enteric antimicrobial activity localises to the mucus surface layer. Gut 2008, 57:764-771.
    • (2008) Gut , vol.57 , pp. 764-771
    • Meyer-Hoffert, U.1    Hornef, M.W.2    Henriques-Normark, B.3
  • 31
    • 8244231925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intra-abdominal sepsis: an immunocytochemical study of the small intestine mucosa
    • Coutinho HB, Robalinho TI, Coutinho VB, et al. Intra-abdominal sepsis: an immunocytochemical study of the small intestine mucosa. J Clin Pathol 1997, 50:294-298.
    • (1997) J Clin Pathol , vol.50 , pp. 294-298
    • Coutinho, H.B.1    Robalinho, T.I.2    Coutinho, V.B.3
  • 32
    • 33947175535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inducibility of the endogenous antibiotic peptide beta-defensin 2 is impaired in patients with severe sepsis
    • Book M, Chen Q, Lehmann LE, et al. Inducibility of the endogenous antibiotic peptide beta-defensin 2 is impaired in patients with severe sepsis. Crit Care 2007, 11:R19.
    • (2007) Crit Care , vol.11 , pp. R19
    • Book, M.1    Chen, Q.2    Lehmann, L.E.3
  • 33
    • 84859157275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intestinal bacterial translocation in rats with cirrhosis is related to compromised Paneth cell antimicrobial host defense
    • Teltschik Z, Wiest R, Beisner J, et al. Intestinal bacterial translocation in rats with cirrhosis is related to compromised Paneth cell antimicrobial host defense. Hepatology 2012, 55:1154-1163.
    • (2012) Hepatology , vol.55 , pp. 1154-1163
    • Teltschik, Z.1    Wiest, R.2    Beisner, J.3
  • 34
    • 74049122536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enteric defensins are essential regulators of intestinal microbial ecology
    • Salzman NH, Hung K, Haribhai D, et al. Enteric defensins are essential regulators of intestinal microbial ecology. Nat Immunol 2010, 11:76-83.
    • (2010) Nat Immunol , vol.11 , pp. 76-83
    • Salzman, N.H.1    Hung, K.2    Haribhai, D.3
  • 37
    • 63449105062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of anatomical position on esophageal transit time: a biomagnetic diagnostic technique
    • Cordova-Fraga T, Sosa M, Wiechers C, et al. Effects of anatomical position on esophageal transit time: a biomagnetic diagnostic technique. World J Gastroenterol 2008, 14:5707-5711.
    • (2008) World J Gastroenterol , vol.14 , pp. 5707-5711
    • Cordova-Fraga, T.1    Sosa, M.2    Wiechers, C.3
  • 38
    • 77952744764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased incidence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth during proton pump inhibitor therapy
    • Lombardo L, Foti M, Ruggia O, Chiecchio A Increased incidence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth during proton pump inhibitor therapy. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010, 8:504-508.
    • (2010) Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol , vol.8 , pp. 504-508
    • Lombardo, L.1    Foti, M.2    Ruggia, O.3    Chiecchio, A.4
  • 39
    • 0020043864 scopus 로고
    • Aspiration of gastric bacteria in antacid-treated patients: a frequent cause of postoperative colonisation of the airway
    • Du Moulin GC, Hedley-Whyte J, Paterson DG, Lisbon A Aspiration of gastric bacteria in antacid-treated patients: a frequent cause of postoperative colonisation of the airway. Lancet 1982, 319:242-245.
    • (1982) Lancet , vol.319 , pp. 242-245
    • Du Moulin, G.C.1    Hedley-Whyte, J.2    Paterson, D.G.3    Lisbon, A.4
  • 40
    • 0028829704 scopus 로고
    • Effects of enteral and parenteral nutrition on gut mucosal permeability in the critically ill
    • Hadfield RJ, Sinclair DG, Houldsworth PE, Evans TW Effects of enteral and parenteral nutrition on gut mucosal permeability in the critically ill. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1995, 152:1545-1548.
    • (1995) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.152 , pp. 1545-1548
    • Hadfield, R.J.1    Sinclair, D.G.2    Houldsworth, P.E.3    Evans, T.W.4
  • 41
    • 0034486045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Total artificial nutrition is associated with major changes in the fecal flora
    • Schneider SM, Le Gall P, Girard-Pipau F, et al. Total artificial nutrition is associated with major changes in the fecal flora. Eur J Nutr 2000, 39:248-255.
    • (2000) Eur J Nutr , vol.39 , pp. 248-255
    • Schneider, S.M.1    Le Gall, P.2    Girard-Pipau, F.3
  • 42
    • 0023778154 scopus 로고
    • Total parenteral nutrition promotes bacterial translocation from the gut
    • Alverdy JC, Aoys E, Moss GS Total parenteral nutrition promotes bacterial translocation from the gut. Surgery 1988, 104:185-190.
    • (1988) Surgery , vol.104 , pp. 185-190
    • Alverdy, J.C.1    Aoys, E.2    Moss, G.S.3
  • 43
    • 0022403479 scopus 로고
    • The effect of parenteral nutrition on gastrointestinal immunity. The importance of enteral stimulation
    • Alverdy J, Chi HS, Sheldon GF The effect of parenteral nutrition on gastrointestinal immunity. The importance of enteral stimulation. Ann Surg 1985, 202:681-684.
    • (1985) Ann Surg , vol.202 , pp. 681-684
    • Alverdy, J.1    Chi, H.S.2    Sheldon, G.F.3
  • 44
    • 77956024761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of digestive and oropharyngeal decontamination on the intestinal microbiota in ICU patients
    • Benus RF, Harmsen HJ, Welling GW, et al. Impact of digestive and oropharyngeal decontamination on the intestinal microbiota in ICU patients. Intensive Care Med 2010, 36:1394-1402.
    • (2010) Intensive Care Med , vol.36 , pp. 1394-1402
    • Benus, R.F.1    Harmsen, H.J.2    Welling, G.W.3
  • 45
    • 33645836530 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracheobronchial aspiration of gastric contents in critically ill tube-fed patients: frequency, outcomes, and risk factors
    • Metheny NA, Clouse RE, Chang YH, Stewart BJ, Oliver DA, Kollef MH Tracheobronchial aspiration of gastric contents in critically ill tube-fed patients: frequency, outcomes, and risk factors. Crit Care Med 2006, 34:1007-1015.
    • (2006) Crit Care Med , vol.34 , pp. 1007-1015
    • Metheny, N.A.1    Clouse, R.E.2    Chang, Y.H.3    Stewart, B.J.4    Oliver, D.A.5    Kollef, M.H.6
  • 48
    • 0036167851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of reduced mucus oxygen concentration in airway Pseudomonas infections of cystic fibrosis patients
    • Worlitzsch D, Tarran R, Ulrich M, et al. Effects of reduced mucus oxygen concentration in airway Pseudomonas infections of cystic fibrosis patients. J Clin Invest 2002, 109:317-325.
    • (2002) J Clin Invest , vol.109 , pp. 317-325
    • Worlitzsch, D.1    Tarran, R.2    Ulrich, M.3
  • 49
    • 84911984369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutrophil elastase-mediated increase in airway temperature during inflammation
    • Schmidt A, Belaaouaj A, Bissinger R, et al. Neutrophil elastase-mediated increase in airway temperature during inflammation. J Cyst Fibros 2014, 13:623-631.
    • (2014) J Cyst Fibros , vol.13 , pp. 623-631
    • Schmidt, A.1    Belaaouaj, A.2    Bissinger, R.3
  • 51
    • 84868619886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pseudomonas aeruginosa-catecholamine inotrope interactions: a contributory factor in the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia?
    • Freestone PP, Hirst RA, Sandrini SM, et al. Pseudomonas aeruginosa-catecholamine inotrope interactions: a contributory factor in the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia?. Chest 2012, 142:1200-1210.
    • (2012) Chest , vol.142 , pp. 1200-1210
    • Freestone, P.P.1    Hirst, R.A.2    Sandrini, S.M.3
  • 52
    • 32944462309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-immunology: evasion of the host immune system by bacterial and viral pathogens
    • Finlay BB, McFadden G Anti-immunology: evasion of the host immune system by bacterial and viral pathogens. cell 2006, 124:767-782.
    • (2006) cell , vol.124 , pp. 767-782
    • Finlay, B.B.1    McFadden, G.2
  • 53
    • 34548290964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • COPD exacerbations: defining their cause and prevention
    • Wedzicha JA, Seemungal TA COPD exacerbations: defining their cause and prevention. Lancet 2007, 370:786-796.
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.370 , pp. 786-796
    • Wedzicha, J.A.1    Seemungal, T.A.2
  • 54
    • 0035109852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutrophil activation and acute lung injury
    • Lee WL, Downey GP Neutrophil activation and acute lung injury. Curr Opin Crit Care 2001, 7:1-7.
    • (2001) Curr Opin Crit Care , vol.7 , pp. 1-7
    • Lee, W.L.1    Downey, G.P.2
  • 55
    • 8944263464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surfactant alterations in severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and cardiogenic lung edema
    • Günther A, Siebert C, Schmidt R, et al. Surfactant alterations in severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and cardiogenic lung edema. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1996, 153:176-184.
    • (1996) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.153 , pp. 176-184
    • Günther, A.1    Siebert, C.2    Schmidt, R.3
  • 56
    • 84936134593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alterations of lung microbiota in a mouse model of LPS-induced lung injury
    • Poroyko V, Meng F, Meliton A, et al. Alterations of lung microbiota in a mouse model of LPS-induced lung injury. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2015, 309:L76-L83.
    • (2015) Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol , vol.309 , pp. L76-L83
    • Poroyko, V.1    Meng, F.2    Meliton, A.3
  • 57
    • 85047690807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surfactant proteins A and D inhibit the growth of Gram-negative bacteria by increasing membrane permeability
    • Wu H, Kuzmenko A, Wan S, et al. Surfactant proteins A and D inhibit the growth of Gram-negative bacteria by increasing membrane permeability. J Clin Invest 2003, 111:1589-1602.
    • (2003) J Clin Invest , vol.111 , pp. 1589-1602
    • Wu, H.1    Kuzmenko, A.2    Wan, S.3
  • 58
    • 0026606379 scopus 로고
    • Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents in patients receiving mechanical ventilation: the effect of body position
    • Torres A, Serra-Batlles J, Ros E, et al. Pulmonary aspiration of gastric contents in patients receiving mechanical ventilation: the effect of body position. Ann Intern Med 1992, 116:540-543.
    • (1992) Ann Intern Med , vol.116 , pp. 540-543
    • Torres, A.1    Serra-Batlles, J.2    Ros, E.3
  • 59
    • 38549130730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Following tracheal intubation, mucus flow is reversed in the semirecumbent position: possible role in the pathogenesis of ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • Li Bassi G, Zanella A, Cressoni M, Stylianou M, Kolobow T Following tracheal intubation, mucus flow is reversed in the semirecumbent position: possible role in the pathogenesis of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Crit Care Med 2008, 36:518-525.
    • (2008) Crit Care Med , vol.36 , pp. 518-525
    • Li Bassi, G.1    Zanella, A.2    Cressoni, M.3    Stylianou, M.4    Kolobow, T.5
  • 60
    • 84888384678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ventilator-induced lung injury
    • Slutsky AS, Ranieri VM Ventilator-induced lung injury. N Engl J Med 2013, 369:2126-2136.
    • (2013) N Engl J Med , vol.369 , pp. 2126-2136
    • Slutsky, A.S.1    Ranieri, V.M.2
  • 61
    • 79961026524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subglottic secretion drainage for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Muscedere J, Rewa O, McKechnie K, Jiang X, Laporta D, Heyland DK Subglottic secretion drainage for the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 2011, 39:1985-1991.
    • (2011) Crit Care Med , vol.39 , pp. 1985-1991
    • Muscedere, J.1    Rewa, O.2    McKechnie, K.3    Jiang, X.4    Laporta, D.5    Heyland, D.K.6
  • 62
    • 34250622826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loss of bacterial diversity during antibiotic treatment of intubated patients colonized with Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    • Flanagan JL, Brodie EL, Weng L, et al. Loss of bacterial diversity during antibiotic treatment of intubated patients colonized with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. J Clin Microbiol 2007, 45:1954-1962.
    • (2007) J Clin Microbiol , vol.45 , pp. 1954-1962
    • Flanagan, J.L.1    Brodie, E.L.2    Weng, L.3
  • 63
    • 0021328175 scopus 로고
    • Intestinal flora in health and disease
    • Simon GL, Gorbach SL Intestinal flora in health and disease. Gastroenterology 1984, 86:174-193.
    • (1984) Gastroenterology , vol.86 , pp. 174-193
    • Simon, G.L.1    Gorbach, S.L.2
  • 64
    • 0027169430 scopus 로고
    • The gastrointestinal tract. The "undrained abscess" of multiple organ failure
    • Marshall JC, Christou NV, Meakins JL The gastrointestinal tract. The "undrained abscess" of multiple organ failure. Ann Surg 1993, 218:111-119.
    • (1993) Ann Surg , vol.218 , pp. 111-119
    • Marshall, J.C.1    Christou, N.V.2    Meakins, J.L.3
  • 65
    • 84973861100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotics promote inflammation through the translocation of native commensal colonic bacteria
    • published online June 4.
    • Knoop KA, McDonald KG, Kulkarni DH, Newberry RD Antibiotics promote inflammation through the translocation of native commensal colonic bacteria. Gut 2015, published online June 4. 10.1136/gutjnl-2014-309059.
    • (2015) Gut
    • Knoop, K.A.1    McDonald, K.G.2    Kulkarni, D.H.3    Newberry, R.D.4
  • 66
    • 79952756960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incomplete recovery and individualized responses of the human distal gut microbiota to repeated antibiotic perturbation
    • Dethlefsen L, Relman DA Incomplete recovery and individualized responses of the human distal gut microbiota to repeated antibiotic perturbation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2011, 108(suppl 1):4554-4561.
    • (2011) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.108 , pp. 4554-4561
    • Dethlefsen, L.1    Relman, D.A.2
  • 67
    • 0023933551 scopus 로고
    • The microbiology of multiple organ failure. The proximal gastrointestinal tract as an occult reservoir of pathogens
    • Marshall JC, Christou NV, Horn R, Meakins JL The microbiology of multiple organ failure. The proximal gastrointestinal tract as an occult reservoir of pathogens. Arch Surg 1988, 123:309-315.
    • (1988) Arch Surg , vol.123 , pp. 309-315
    • Marshall, J.C.1    Christou, N.V.2    Horn, R.3    Meakins, J.L.4
  • 69
    • 79955635864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered gut flora are associated with septic complications and death in critically ill patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome
    • Shimizu K, Ogura H, Hamasaki T, et al. Altered gut flora are associated with septic complications and death in critically ill patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Dig Dis Sci 2011, 56:1171-1177.
    • (2011) Dig Dis Sci , vol.56 , pp. 1171-1177
    • Shimizu, K.1    Ogura, H.2    Hamasaki, T.3
  • 70
    • 85027942141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gut microbial colonisation in premature neonates predicts neonatal sepsis
    • Madan JC, Salari RC, Saxena D, et al. Gut microbial colonisation in premature neonates predicts neonatal sepsis. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2012, 97:F456-F462.
    • (2012) Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed , vol.97 , pp. F456-F462
    • Madan, J.C.1    Salari, R.C.2    Saxena, D.3
  • 71
    • 33646102235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered gut flora and environment in patients with severe SIRS
    • Shimizu K, Ogura H, Goto M, et al. Altered gut flora and environment in patients with severe SIRS. J Trauma 2006, 60:126-133.
    • (2006) J Trauma , vol.60 , pp. 126-133
    • Shimizu, K.1    Ogura, H.2    Goto, M.3
  • 72
    • 0024239135 scopus 로고
    • Hospital-acquired candidemia. The attributable mortality and excess length of stay
    • Wey SB, Mori M, Pfaller MA, Woolson RF, Wenzel RP Hospital-acquired candidemia. The attributable mortality and excess length of stay. Arch Intern Med 1988, 148:2642-2645.
    • (1988) Arch Intern Med , vol.148 , pp. 2642-2645
    • Wey, S.B.1    Mori, M.2    Pfaller, M.A.3    Woolson, R.F.4    Wenzel, R.P.5
  • 73
    • 85027927719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome
    • the MetaHIT Consortium
    • Arumugam M, Raes J, Pelletier E, et al. Enterotypes of the human gut microbiome. Nature 2011, 473:174-180. the MetaHIT Consortium.
    • (2011) Nature , vol.473 , pp. 174-180
    • Arumugam, M.1    Raes, J.2    Pelletier, E.3
  • 74
    • 84907487932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The microbiome revolution
    • Blaser MJ The microbiome revolution. J Clin Invest 2014, 124:4162-4165.
    • (2014) J Clin Invest , vol.124 , pp. 4162-4165
    • Blaser, M.J.1
  • 75
    • 79955579989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The microbiome and butyrate regulate energy metabolism and autophagy in the mammalian colon
    • Donohoe DR, Garge N, Zhang X, et al. The microbiome and butyrate regulate energy metabolism and autophagy in the mammalian colon. Cell Metab 2011, 13:517-526.
    • (2011) Cell Metab , vol.13 , pp. 517-526
    • Donohoe, D.R.1    Garge, N.2    Zhang, X.3
  • 76
    • 84890564250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells
    • Furusawa Y, Obata Y, Fukuda S, et al. Commensal microbe-derived butyrate induces the differentiation of colonic regulatory T cells. Nature 2013, 504:446-450.
    • (2013) Nature , vol.504 , pp. 446-450
    • Furusawa, Y.1    Obata, Y.2    Fukuda, S.3
  • 77
    • 84942239416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatial Variation in the healthy human lung microbiome and the adapted island model of lung biogeography
    • Dickson RP, Erb-Downward JR, Freeman CM, et al. Spatial Variation in the healthy human lung microbiome and the adapted island model of lung biogeography. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2015, 12:821-830.
    • (2015) Ann Am Thorac Soc , vol.12 , pp. 821-830
    • Dickson, R.P.1    Erb-Downward, J.R.2    Freeman, C.M.3
  • 78
    • 0030988811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative aspiration during sleep in normal subjects
    • Gleeson K, Eggli DF, Maxwell SL Quantitative aspiration during sleep in normal subjects. Chest 1997, 111:1266-1272.
    • (1997) Chest , vol.111 , pp. 1266-1272
    • Gleeson, K.1    Eggli, D.F.2    Maxwell, S.L.3
  • 79
    • 84924172977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enrichment of lung microbiome with supraglottic taxa is associated with increased pulmonary inflammation
    • Segal LN, Alekseyenko AV, Clemente JC, et al. Enrichment of lung microbiome with supraglottic taxa is associated with increased pulmonary inflammation. Microbiome 2013, 1:19.
    • (2013) Microbiome , vol.1 , pp. 19
    • Segal, L.N.1    Alekseyenko, A.V.2    Clemente, J.C.3
  • 80
    • 84929493450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of the upper respiratory tract microbiotas as the source of the lung and gastric microbiotas in healthy individuals
    • Bassis CM, Erb-Downward JR, Dickson RP, et al. Analysis of the upper respiratory tract microbiotas as the source of the lung and gastric microbiotas in healthy individuals. MBio 2015, 6:e00037.
    • (2015) MBio , vol.6 , pp. e00037
    • Bassis, C.M.1    Erb-Downward, J.R.2    Dickson, R.P.3
  • 81
    • 7644231771 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral health and care in the intensive care unit: state of the science
    • Munro CL, Grap MJ Oral health and care in the intensive care unit: state of the science. Am J Crit Care 2004, 13:25-33.
    • (2004) Am J Crit Care , vol.13 , pp. 25-33
    • Munro, C.L.1    Grap, M.J.2
  • 82
    • 84857552888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repertoire of intensive care unit pneumonia microbiota
    • Bousbia S, Papazian L, Saux P, et al. Repertoire of intensive care unit pneumonia microbiota. PLoS One 2012, 7:e32486.
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7 , pp. e32486
    • Bousbia, S.1    Papazian, L.2    Saux, P.3
  • 83
    • 84896780143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased constituent ratios of Klebsiella sp., Acinetobacter sp., and Streptococcus sp. and a decrease in microflora diversity may be indicators of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a prospective study in the respiratory tracts of neonates
    • Lu W, Yu J, Ai Q, Liu D, Song C, Li L Increased constituent ratios of Klebsiella sp., Acinetobacter sp., and Streptococcus sp. and a decrease in microflora diversity may be indicators of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a prospective study in the respiratory tracts of neonates. PLoS One 2014, 9:e87504.
    • (2014) PLoS One , vol.9 , pp. e87504
    • Lu, W.1    Yu, J.2    Ai, Q.3    Liu, D.4    Song, C.5    Li, L.6
  • 84
    • 84930907563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A pilot study of the noninvasive assessment of the lung microbiota as a potential tool for the early diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia
    • May AK, Brady JS, Romano-Keeler J, et al. A pilot study of the noninvasive assessment of the lung microbiota as a potential tool for the early diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Chest 2015, 147:1494-1502.
    • (2015) Chest , vol.147 , pp. 1494-1502
    • May, A.K.1    Brady, J.S.2    Romano-Keeler, J.3
  • 85
    • 0011136005 scopus 로고
    • Über einen Fall von Hydrothionämie und über Selbstinfection durch abnorme Verdauungsvorgänge
    • A Hirschwald, Berlin, L. Waldenberg (Ed.)
    • Senator H Über einen Fall von Hydrothionämie und über Selbstinfection durch abnorme Verdauungsvorgänge. Berliner Klinische Wochenschrift 1868, 254-256. A Hirschwald, Berlin. L. Waldenberg (Ed.).
    • (1868) Berliner Klinische Wochenschrift , pp. 254-256
    • Senator, H.1
  • 86
    • 50349107247 scopus 로고
    • Penicillin as a chemotherapeutic agent
    • Chain E, Florey HW, Gardner AD, et al. Penicillin as a chemotherapeutic agent. Lancet 1940, 236:226-228.
    • (1940) Lancet , vol.236 , pp. 226-228
    • Chain, E.1    Florey, H.W.2    Gardner, A.D.3
  • 89
    • 0015306966 scopus 로고
    • The lung lesion in four different types of shock in rabbits
    • Cuevas P, De la Maza LM, Gilbert J, Fine J The lung lesion in four different types of shock in rabbits. Arch Surg 1972, 104:319-322.
    • (1972) Arch Surg , vol.104 , pp. 319-322
    • Cuevas, P.1    De la Maza, L.M.2    Gilbert, J.3    Fine, J.4
  • 90
    • 4644275684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The essential role of the intestinal microbiota in facilitating acute inflammatory responses
    • Souza DG, Vieira AT, Soares AC, et al. The essential role of the intestinal microbiota in facilitating acute inflammatory responses. J Immunol 2004, 173:4137-4146.
    • (2004) J Immunol , vol.173 , pp. 4137-4146
    • Souza, D.G.1    Vieira, A.T.2    Soares, A.C.3
  • 91
    • 77951622866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of selective decontamination of the digestive tract on multiple organ dysfunction syndrome: systematic review of randomized controlled trials
    • Silvestri L, van Saene HK, Zandstra DF, Marshall JC, Gregori D, Gullo A Impact of selective decontamination of the digestive tract on multiple organ dysfunction syndrome: systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Crit Care Med 2010, 38:1370-1376.
    • (2010) Crit Care Med , vol.38 , pp. 1370-1376
    • Silvestri, L.1    van Saene, H.K.2    Zandstra, D.F.3    Marshall, J.C.4    Gregori, D.5    Gullo, A.6
  • 92
    • 77950167097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving intensive care
    • CD000022
    • Liberati A, D'Amico R, Pifferi S, Torri V, Brazzi L, Parmelli E Antibiotic prophylaxis to reduce respiratory tract infections and mortality in adults receiving intensive care. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009, 4. CD000022.
    • (2009) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.4
    • Liberati, A.1    D'Amico, R.2    Pifferi, S.3    Torri, V.4    Brazzi, L.5    Parmelli, E.6
  • 93
    • 84942524791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neutrophil ageing is regulated by the microbiome
    • Zhang D, Chen G, Manwani D, et al. Neutrophil ageing is regulated by the microbiome. Nature 2015, 525:528-532.
    • (2015) Nature , vol.525 , pp. 528-532
    • Zhang, D.1    Chen, G.2    Manwani, D.3
  • 94
    • 0024317374 scopus 로고
    • Does the bacteremia observed in hemorrhagic shock have clinical significance? A study in germ-free animals
    • Rush BF, Redan JA, Flanagan JJ, et al. Does the bacteremia observed in hemorrhagic shock have clinical significance? A study in germ-free animals. Ann Surg 1989, 210:342-345.
    • (1989) Ann Surg , vol.210 , pp. 342-345
    • Rush, B.F.1    Redan, J.A.2    Flanagan, J.J.3
  • 95
    • 0023154422 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of colonization and respiratory infections in long-term ventilated patients by local antimicrobial prophylaxis
    • Unertl K, Ruckdeschel G, Selbmann HK, et al. Prevention of colonization and respiratory infections in long-term ventilated patients by local antimicrobial prophylaxis. Intensive Care Med 1987, 13:106-113.
    • (1987) Intensive Care Med , vol.13 , pp. 106-113
    • Unertl, K.1    Ruckdeschel, G.2    Selbmann, H.K.3
  • 96
    • 84868195801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective decontamination of the digestive tract: the mechanism of action is control of gut overgrowth
    • Silvestri L, de la Cal MA, van Saene HK Selective decontamination of the digestive tract: the mechanism of action is control of gut overgrowth. Intensive Care Med 2012, 38:1738-1750.
    • (2012) Intensive Care Med , vol.38 , pp. 1738-1750
    • Silvestri, L.1    de la Cal, M.A.2    van Saene, H.K.3
  • 97
    • 84875616502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of selective decontamination on antimicrobial resistance in intensive care units: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • the SuDDICU Canadian Study Group
    • Daneman N, Sarwar S, Fowler RA, Cuthbertson BH Effect of selective decontamination on antimicrobial resistance in intensive care units: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2013, 13:328-341. the SuDDICU Canadian Study Group.
    • (2013) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.13 , pp. 328-341
    • Daneman, N.1    Sarwar, S.2    Fowler, R.A.3    Cuthbertson, B.H.4
  • 98
    • 77649109107 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological effects of selective decontamination on resistant gram-negative bacterial colonization
    • Oostdijk EA, de Smet AM, Blok HE, et al. Ecological effects of selective decontamination on resistant gram-negative bacterial colonization. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2010, 181:452-457.
    • (2010) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.181 , pp. 452-457
    • Oostdijk, E.A.1    de Smet, A.M.2    Blok, H.E.3
  • 100
    • 0031849680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased intestinal permeability is associated with the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in critically ill ICU patients
    • Doig CJ, Sutherland LR, Sandham JD, Fick GH, Verhoef M, Meddings JB Increased intestinal permeability is associated with the development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in critically ill ICU patients. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998, 158:444-451.
    • (1998) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.158 , pp. 444-451
    • Doig, C.J.1    Sutherland, L.R.2    Sandham, J.D.3    Fick, G.H.4    Verhoef, M.5    Meddings, J.B.6
  • 101
    • 0025815020 scopus 로고
    • Gut bacterial translocation via the portal vein: a clinical perspective with major torso trauma
    • Moore FA, Moore EE, Poggetti R, et al. Gut bacterial translocation via the portal vein: a clinical perspective with major torso trauma. J Trauma 1991, 31:629-636.
    • (1991) J Trauma , vol.31 , pp. 629-636
    • Moore, F.A.1    Moore, E.E.2    Poggetti, R.3
  • 102
    • 33745074125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gut lymph hypothesis of early shock and trauma-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome: a new look at gut origin sepsis
    • Deitch EA, Xu D-Z, Lu Q Gut lymph hypothesis of early shock and trauma-induced multiple organ dysfunction syndrome: a new look at gut origin sepsis. J Organ Dysfunct 2006, 2:70-79.
    • (2006) J Organ Dysfunct , vol.2 , pp. 70-79
    • Deitch, E.A.1    Xu, D.-Z.2    Lu, Q.3
  • 103
    • 0028136034 scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of gut translocation in humans
    • Sedman PC, Macfie J, Sagar P, et al. The prevalence of gut translocation in humans. Gastroenterology 1994, 107:643-649.
    • (1994) Gastroenterology , vol.107 , pp. 643-649
    • Sedman, P.C.1    Macfie, J.2    Sagar, P.3
  • 104
    • 79961155065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trauma hemorrhagic shock-induced lung injury involves a gut-lymph-induced TLR4 pathway in mice
    • Reino DC, Pisarenko V, Palange D, et al. Trauma hemorrhagic shock-induced lung injury involves a gut-lymph-induced TLR4 pathway in mice. PLoS One 2011, 6:e14829.
    • (2011) PLoS One , vol.6 , pp. e14829
    • Reino, D.C.1    Pisarenko, V.2    Palange, D.3
  • 105
    • 0037324154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of the critically ill state on host-pathogen interactions within the intestine: gut-derived sepsis redefined
    • Alverdy JC, Laughlin RS, Wu L Influence of the critically ill state on host-pathogen interactions within the intestine: gut-derived sepsis redefined. Crit Care Med 2003, 31:598-607.
    • (2003) Crit Care Med , vol.31 , pp. 598-607
    • Alverdy, J.C.1    Laughlin, R.S.2    Wu, L.3
  • 106
  • 107
    • 0033866133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome: exploring the paradigm of complex nonlinear systems
    • Seely AJ, Christou NV Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome: exploring the paradigm of complex nonlinear systems. Crit Care Med 2000, 28:2193-2200.
    • (2000) Crit Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 2193-2200
    • Seely, A.J.1    Christou, N.V.2
  • 108
    • 0032755259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct analysis of genes encoding 16S rRNA from complex communities reveals many novel molecular species within the human gut
    • Suau A, Bonnet R, Sutren M, et al. Direct analysis of genes encoding 16S rRNA from complex communities reveals many novel molecular species within the human gut. Appl Environ Microbiol 1999, 65:4799-4807.
    • (1999) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.65 , pp. 4799-4807
    • Suau, A.1    Bonnet, R.2    Sutren, M.3
  • 109
    • 0022977470 scopus 로고
    • Effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and prostaglandins on the permeability of the human small intestine
    • Bjarnason I, Williams P, Smethurst P, Peters TJ, Levi AJ Effect of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and prostaglandins on the permeability of the human small intestine. Gut 1986, 27:1292-1297.
    • (1986) Gut , vol.27 , pp. 1292-1297
    • Bjarnason, I.1    Williams, P.2    Smethurst, P.3    Peters, T.J.4    Levi, A.J.5
  • 110
    • 0026349310 scopus 로고
    • The effect of glucocorticoid administration on bacterial translocation. Evidence for an acquired mucosal immunodeficient state
    • Alverdy J, Aoys E The effect of glucocorticoid administration on bacterial translocation. Evidence for an acquired mucosal immunodeficient state. Ann Surg 1991, 214:719-723.
    • (1991) Ann Surg , vol.214 , pp. 719-723
    • Alverdy, J.1    Aoys, E.2
  • 111
    • 84872527704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphine induces bacterial translocation in mice by compromising intestinal barrier function in a TLR-dependent manner
    • Meng J, Yu H, Ma J, et al. Morphine induces bacterial translocation in mice by compromising intestinal barrier function in a TLR-dependent manner. PLoS One 2013, 8:e54040.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8 , pp. e54040
    • Meng, J.1    Yu, H.2    Ma, J.3
  • 112
    • 84924094264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Application of a neutral community model to assess structuring of the human lung microbiome
    • Venkataraman A, Bassis CM, Beck JM, et al. Application of a neutral community model to assess structuring of the human lung microbiome. MBio 2015, 6:e01163-e01215.
    • (2015) MBio , vol.6 , pp. e01163-e01215
    • Venkataraman, A.1    Bassis, C.M.2    Beck, J.M.3
  • 113
    • 84895811657 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards an ecology of the lung: new conceptual models of pulmonary microbiology and pneumonia pathogenesis
    • Dickson RP, Erb-Downward JR, Huffnagle GB Towards an ecology of the lung: new conceptual models of pulmonary microbiology and pneumonia pathogenesis. Lancet Respir Med 2014, 2:238-246.
    • (2014) Lancet Respir Med , vol.2 , pp. 238-246
    • Dickson, R.P.1    Erb-Downward, J.R.2    Huffnagle, G.B.3
  • 114
    • 33748302776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute respiratory distress syndrome and pneumonia: a comprehensive review of clinical data
    • Bauer TT, Ewig S, Rodloff AC, Müller EE Acute respiratory distress syndrome and pneumonia: a comprehensive review of clinical data. Clin Infect Dis 2006, 43:748-756.
    • (2006) Clin Infect Dis , vol.43 , pp. 748-756
    • Bauer, T.T.1    Ewig, S.2    Rodloff, A.C.3    Müller, E.E.4
  • 115
    • 0031968904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nosocomial pneumonia in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome
    • Chastre J, Trouillet JL, Vuagnat A, et al. Nosocomial pneumonia in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1998, 157:1165-1172.
    • (1998) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.157 , pp. 1165-1172
    • Chastre, J.1    Trouillet, J.L.2    Vuagnat, A.3
  • 116
    • 84880866675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A trial of intraoperative low-tidal-volume ventilation in abdominal surgery
    • the IMPROVE study group
    • Futier E, Constantin JM, Paugam-Burtz C, et al. A trial of intraoperative low-tidal-volume ventilation in abdominal surgery. N Engl J Med 2013, 369:428-437. the IMPROVE study group.
    • (2013) N Engl J Med , vol.369 , pp. 428-437
    • Futier, E.1    Constantin, J.M.2    Paugam-Burtz, C.3
  • 117
    • 0028860550 scopus 로고
    • Inflammatory cytokines in the BAL of patients with ARDS. Persistent elevation over time predicts poor outcome
    • Meduri GU, Kohler G, Headley S, Tolley E, Stentz F, Postlethwaite A Inflammatory cytokines in the BAL of patients with ARDS. Persistent elevation over time predicts poor outcome. Chest 1995, 108:1303-1314.
    • (1995) Chest , vol.108 , pp. 1303-1314
    • Meduri, G.U.1    Kohler, G.2    Headley, S.3    Tolley, E.4    Stentz, F.5    Postlethwaite, A.6
  • 118
    • 84914817437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communication between bacteria and their hosts
    • Freestone P Communication between bacteria and their hosts. Scientifica (Cairo) 2013, 2013:361073.
    • (2013) Scientifica (Cairo) , vol.2013 , pp. 361073
    • Freestone, P.1
  • 119
    • 84930792404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial endocrinology: host-bacteria communication within the gut microbiome
    • Sandrini S, Aldriwesh M, Alruways M, Freestone P Microbial endocrinology: host-bacteria communication within the gut microbiome. J Endocrinol 2015, 225:R21-R34.
    • (2015) J Endocrinol , vol.225 , pp. R21-R34
    • Sandrini, S.1    Aldriwesh, M.2    Alruways, M.3    Freestone, P.4
  • 120
    • 35148896954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phagocyte-derived catecholamines enhance acute inflammatory injury
    • Flierl MA, Rittirsch D, Nadeau BA, et al. Phagocyte-derived catecholamines enhance acute inflammatory injury. Nature 2007, 449:721-725.
    • (2007) Nature , vol.449 , pp. 721-725
    • Flierl, M.A.1    Rittirsch, D.2    Nadeau, B.A.3
  • 121
    • 84883319452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interkingdom signaling induces Streptococcus pneumoniae biofilm dispersion and transition from asymptomatic colonization to disease
    • Marks LR, Davidson BA, Knight PR, Hakansson AP Interkingdom signaling induces Streptococcus pneumoniae biofilm dispersion and transition from asymptomatic colonization to disease. MBio 2013, 4:e00438-e00513.
    • (2013) MBio , vol.4 , pp. e00438-e00513
    • Marks, L.R.1    Davidson, B.A.2    Knight, P.R.3    Hakansson, A.P.4
  • 122
    • 33746069034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhancement of in vitro growth of pathogenic bacteria by norepinephrine: importance of inoculum density and role of transferrin
    • O'Donnell PM, Aviles H, Lyte M, Sonnenfeld G Enhancement of in vitro growth of pathogenic bacteria by norepinephrine: importance of inoculum density and role of transferrin. Appl Environ Microbiol 2006, 72:5097-5099.
    • (2006) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.72 , pp. 5097-5099
    • O'Donnell, P.M.1    Aviles, H.2    Lyte, M.3    Sonnenfeld, G.4
  • 123
    • 0033065173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of bacterial growth by heat-stable, norepinephrine-induced autoinducers
    • Freestone PP, Haigh RD, Williams PH, Lyte M Stimulation of bacterial growth by heat-stable, norepinephrine-induced autoinducers. FEMS Microbiol Lett 1999, 172:53-60.
    • (1999) FEMS Microbiol Lett , vol.172 , pp. 53-60
    • Freestone, P.P.1    Haigh, R.D.2    Williams, P.H.3    Lyte, M.4
  • 124
    • 78649632259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IL-8 released from human lung epithelial cells induced by cystic fibrosis pathogens Burkholderia cepacia complex affects the growth and intracellular survival of bacteria
    • Kaza SK, McClean S, Callaghan M IL-8 released from human lung epithelial cells induced by cystic fibrosis pathogens Burkholderia cepacia complex affects the growth and intracellular survival of bacteria. Int J Med Microbiol 2011, 301:26-33.
    • (2011) Int J Med Microbiol , vol.301 , pp. 26-33
    • Kaza, S.K.1    McClean, S.2    Callaghan, M.3
  • 125
    • 0344896638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of androgens and glucocorticoids on microbial growth and antimicrobial susceptibility
    • Plotkin BJ, Roose RJ, Erikson Q, Viselli SM Effect of androgens and glucocorticoids on microbial growth and antimicrobial susceptibility. Curr Microbiol 2003, 47:514-520.
    • (2003) Curr Microbiol , vol.47 , pp. 514-520
    • Plotkin, B.J.1    Roose, R.J.2    Erikson, Q.3    Viselli, S.M.4
  • 126
    • 84906673705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases
    • Dickson RP, Martinez FJ, Huffnagle GB The role of the microbiome in exacerbations of chronic lung diseases. Lancet 2014, 384:691-702.
    • (2014) Lancet , vol.384 , pp. 691-702
    • Dickson, R.P.1    Martinez, F.J.2    Huffnagle, G.B.3
  • 127
    • 70350446684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cystic fibrosis pulmonary guidelines: treatment of pulmonary exacerbations
    • the clinical practice guidelines for Pulmonary Therapies Committee
    • Flume PA, Mogayzel PJ, Robinson KA, et al. Cystic fibrosis pulmonary guidelines: treatment of pulmonary exacerbations. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2009, 180:802-808. the clinical practice guidelines for Pulmonary Therapies Committee.
    • (2009) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.180 , pp. 802-808
    • Flume, P.A.1    Mogayzel, P.J.2    Robinson, K.A.3
  • 128
    • 40649127241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exacerbations in cystic fibrosis: 4-non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis
    • Chang AB, Bilton D Exacerbations in cystic fibrosis: 4-non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Thorax 2008, 63:269-276.
    • (2008) Thorax , vol.63 , pp. 269-276
    • Chang, A.B.1    Bilton, D.2
  • 130
    • 84907185201 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of culture-dependent versus culture-independent techniques for identification of bacteria in clinically obtained bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
    • Dickson RP, Erb-Downward JR, Prescott HC, et al. Analysis of culture-dependent versus culture-independent techniques for identification of bacteria in clinically obtained bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. J Clin Microbiol 2014, 52:3605-3613.
    • (2014) J Clin Microbiol , vol.52 , pp. 3605-3613
    • Dickson, R.P.1    Erb-Downward, J.R.2    Prescott, H.C.3
  • 131
    • 84899678439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The lung microbiome of Ugandan HIV-infected pneumonia patients is compositionally and functionally distinct from that of San Franciscan patients
    • Iwai S, Huang D, Fong S, et al. The lung microbiome of Ugandan HIV-infected pneumonia patients is compositionally and functionally distinct from that of San Franciscan patients. PLoS One 2014, 9:e95726.
    • (2014) PLoS One , vol.9 , pp. e95726
    • Iwai, S.1    Huang, D.2    Fong, S.3
  • 132
  • 133
    • 84903815893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bronchial microbiome of severe COPD patients colonised by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
    • Millares L, Ferrari R, Gallego M, et al. Bronchial microbiome of severe COPD patients colonised by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014, 33:1101-1111.
    • (2014) Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.33 , pp. 1101-1111
    • Millares, L.1    Ferrari, R.2    Gallego, M.3
  • 134
    • 80052450195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does bacterial density in cystic fibrosis sputum increase prior to pulmonary exacerbation?
    • Stressmann FA, Rogers GB, Marsh P, et al. Does bacterial density in cystic fibrosis sputum increase prior to pulmonary exacerbation?. J Cyst Fibros 2011, 10:357-365.
    • (2011) J Cyst Fibros , vol.10 , pp. 357-365
    • Stressmann, F.A.1    Rogers, G.B.2    Marsh, P.3
  • 135
    • 84859576702 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decade-long bacterial community dynamics in cystic fibrosis airways
    • Zhao J, Schloss PD, Kalikin LM, et al. Decade-long bacterial community dynamics in cystic fibrosis airways. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2012, 109:5809-5814.
    • (2012) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA , vol.109 , pp. 5809-5814
    • Zhao, J.1    Schloss, P.D.2    Kalikin, L.M.3
  • 136
    • 84880913324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in cystic fibrosis airway microbiota at pulmonary exacerbation
    • Carmody LA, Zhao J, Schloss PD, et al. Changes in cystic fibrosis airway microbiota at pulmonary exacerbation. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2013, 10:179-187.
    • (2013) Ann Am Thorac Soc , vol.10 , pp. 179-187
    • Carmody, L.A.1    Zhao, J.2    Schloss, P.D.3
  • 137
    • 84901801222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unique microbial communities persist in individual cystic fibrosis patients throughout a clinical exacerbation
    • Price KE, Hampton TH, Gifford AH, et al. Unique microbial communities persist in individual cystic fibrosis patients throughout a clinical exacerbation. Microbiome 2013, 1:27.
    • (2013) Microbiome , vol.1 , pp. 27
    • Price, K.E.1    Hampton, T.H.2    Gifford, A.H.3
  • 138
    • 84938484259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The daily dynamics of cystic fibrosis airway microbiota during clinical stability and at exacerbation
    • Carmody LA, Zhao J, Kalikin LM, et al. The daily dynamics of cystic fibrosis airway microbiota during clinical stability and at exacerbation. Microbiome 2015, 3:12.
    • (2015) Microbiome , vol.3 , pp. 12
    • Carmody, L.A.1    Zhao, J.2    Kalikin, L.M.3
  • 139
    • 84877918651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lung microbiota and bacterial abundance in patients with bronchiectasis when clinically stable and during exacerbation
    • Tunney MM, Einarsson GG, Wei L, et al. Lung microbiota and bacterial abundance in patients with bronchiectasis when clinically stable and during exacerbation. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013, 187:1118-1126.
    • (2013) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.187 , pp. 1118-1126
    • Tunney, M.M.1    Einarsson, G.G.2    Wei, L.3
  • 140
    • 84862501656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results of antibiotic susceptibility testing do not influence clinical outcome in children with cystic fibrosis
    • Hurley MN, Ariff AH, Bertenshaw C, Bhatt J, Smyth AR Results of antibiotic susceptibility testing do not influence clinical outcome in children with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2012, 11:288-292.
    • (2012) J Cyst Fibros , vol.11 , pp. 288-292
    • Hurley, M.N.1    Ariff, A.H.2    Bertenshaw, C.3    Bhatt, J.4    Smyth, A.R.5
  • 141
    • 0037541096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Susceptibility testing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates and clinical response to parenteral antibiotic administration: lack of association in cystic fibrosis
    • Smith AL, Fiel SB, Mayer-Hamblett N, Ramsey B, Burns JL Susceptibility testing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates and clinical response to parenteral antibiotic administration: lack of association in cystic fibrosis. Chest 2003, 123:1495-1502.
    • (2003) Chest , vol.123 , pp. 1495-1502
    • Smith, A.L.1    Fiel, S.B.2    Mayer-Hamblett, N.3    Ramsey, B.4    Burns, J.L.5
  • 142
    • 84903478837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A novel microbiota stratification system predicts future exacerbations in bronchiectasis
    • Rogers GB, Zain NM, Bruce KD, et al. A novel microbiota stratification system predicts future exacerbations in bronchiectasis. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2014, 11:496-503.
    • (2014) Ann Am Thorac Soc , vol.11 , pp. 496-503
    • Rogers, G.B.1    Zain, N.M.2    Bruce, K.D.3
  • 143
    • 80052157895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Azithromycin for prevention of exacerbations of COPD
    • the COPD Clinical Research Network
    • Albert RK, Connett J, Bailey WC, et al. Azithromycin for prevention of exacerbations of COPD. N Engl J Med 2011, 365:689-698. the COPD Clinical Research Network.
    • (2011) N Engl J Med , vol.365 , pp. 689-698
    • Albert, R.K.1    Connett, J.2    Bailey, W.C.3
  • 144
    • 0141816759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Azithromycin in patients with cystic fibrosis chronically infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a randomized controlled trial
    • the Macrolide Study Group
    • Saiman L, Marshall BC, Mayer-Hamblett N, et al. Azithromycin in patients with cystic fibrosis chronically infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2003, 290:1749-1756. the Macrolide Study Group.
    • (2003) JAMA , vol.290 , pp. 1749-1756
    • Saiman, L.1    Marshall, B.C.2    Mayer-Hamblett, N.3
  • 145
    • 84865131777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Azithromycin for prevention of exacerbations in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (EMBRACE): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Wong C, Jayaram L, Karalus N, et al. Azithromycin for prevention of exacerbations in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis (EMBRACE): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2012, 380:660-667.
    • (2012) Lancet , vol.380 , pp. 660-667
    • Wong, C.1    Jayaram, L.2    Karalus, N.3
  • 146
    • 84887874141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outgrowth of the bacterial airway microbiome after rhinovirus exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Molyneaux PL, Mallia P, Cox MJ, et al. Outgrowth of the bacterial airway microbiome after rhinovirus exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2013, 188:1224-1231.
    • (2013) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.188 , pp. 1224-1231
    • Molyneaux, P.L.1    Mallia, P.2    Cox, M.J.3
  • 147
    • 0035117445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunomodulation by macrolide antibiotics
    • Labro MT, Abdelghaffar H Immunomodulation by macrolide antibiotics. J Chemother 2001, 13:3-8.
    • (2001) J Chemother , vol.13 , pp. 3-8
    • Labro, M.T.1    Abdelghaffar, H.2
  • 148
    • 66149152644 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acid-suppressive medication use and the risk for hospital-acquired pneumonia
    • Herzig SJ, Howell MD, Ngo LH, Marcantonio ER Acid-suppressive medication use and the risk for hospital-acquired pneumonia. JAMA 2009, 301:2120-2128.
    • (2009) JAMA , vol.301 , pp. 2120-2128
    • Herzig, S.J.1    Howell, M.D.2    Ngo, L.H.3    Marcantonio, E.R.4
  • 149
    • 0033610663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supine body position as a risk factor for nosocomial pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients: a randomised trial
    • Drakulovic MB, Torres A, Bauer TT, Nicolas JM, Nogué S, Ferrer M Supine body position as a risk factor for nosocomial pneumonia in mechanically ventilated patients: a randomised trial. Lancet 1999, 354:1851-1858.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 1851-1858
    • Drakulovic, M.B.1    Torres, A.2    Bauer, T.T.3    Nicolas, J.M.4    Nogué, S.5    Ferrer, M.6
  • 150
    • 77249176572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of the administration of probiotics on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Siempos II, Ntaidou TK, Falagas ME Impact of the administration of probiotics on the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Care Med 2010, 38:954-962.
    • (2010) Crit Care Med , vol.38 , pp. 954-962
    • Siempos, I.I.1    Ntaidou, T.K.2    Falagas, M.E.3
  • 151
    • 68849084123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the use of probiotics/synbiotics prevent postoperative infections in patients undergoing abdominal surgery? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Pitsouni E, Alexiou V, Saridakis V, Peppas G, Falagas ME Does the use of probiotics/synbiotics prevent postoperative infections in patients undergoing abdominal surgery? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2009, 65:561-570.
    • (2009) Eur J Clin Pharmacol , vol.65 , pp. 561-570
    • Pitsouni, E.1    Alexiou, V.2    Saridakis, V.3    Peppas, G.4    Falagas, M.E.5
  • 152
    • 84883248386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probiotic administration reduces mortality and improves intestinal epithelial homeostasis in experimental sepsis
    • Khailova L, Frank DN, Dominguez JA, Wischmeyer PE Probiotic administration reduces mortality and improves intestinal epithelial homeostasis in experimental sepsis. Anesthesiology 2013, 119:166-177.
    • (2013) Anesthesiology , vol.119 , pp. 166-177
    • Khailova, L.1    Frank, D.N.2    Dominguez, J.A.3    Wischmeyer, P.E.4
  • 153
    • 84876544474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • It's all in the genes: moving toward precision medicine in critical illness
    • Abraham E It's all in the genes: moving toward precision medicine in critical illness. Crit Care Med 2013, 41:1363-1364.
    • (2013) Crit Care Med , vol.41 , pp. 1363-1364
    • Abraham, E.1
  • 154
    • 70349658770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personalized medicine: genetic variation and loss of physiologic complexity are associated with mortality in 644 trauma patients
    • Norris PR, Canter JA, Jenkins JM, Moore JH, Williams AE, Morris JA Personalized medicine: genetic variation and loss of physiologic complexity are associated with mortality in 644 trauma patients. Ann Surg 2009, 250:524-530.
    • (2009) Ann Surg , vol.250 , pp. 524-530
    • Norris, P.R.1    Canter, J.A.2    Jenkins, J.M.3    Moore, J.H.4    Williams, A.E.5    Morris, J.A.6
  • 155
    • 84873525075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards personalized medicine in sepsis: quest for Shangri-La?
    • Sen A, Yende S Towards personalized medicine in sepsis: quest for Shangri-La?. Crit Care 2013, 17:303.
    • (2013) Crit Care , vol.17 , pp. 303
    • Sen, A.1    Yende, S.2
  • 156
    • 84940739291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Late-onset bloodstream infection and perturbed maturation of the gastrointestinal microbiota in premature infants
    • Shaw AG, Sim K, Randell P, et al. Late-onset bloodstream infection and perturbed maturation of the gastrointestinal microbiota in premature infants. PLoS One 2015, 10:e0132923.
    • (2015) PLoS One , vol.10 , pp. e0132923
    • Shaw, A.G.1    Sim, K.2    Randell, P.3
  • 157
    • 84872362892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distortions in development of intestinal microbiota associated with late onset sepsis in preterm infants
    • Mai V, Torrazza RM, Ukhanova M, et al. Distortions in development of intestinal microbiota associated with late onset sepsis in preterm infants. PLoS One 2013, 8:e52876.
    • (2013) PLoS One , vol.8 , pp. e52876
    • Mai, V.1    Torrazza, R.M.2    Ukhanova, M.3
  • 158
    • 84907960584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early innate immunity to bacterial infection in the lung is regulated systemically by the commensal microbiota via nod-like receptor ligands
    • Clarke TB Early innate immunity to bacterial infection in the lung is regulated systemically by the commensal microbiota via nod-like receptor ligands. Infect Immun 2014, 82:4596-4606.
    • (2014) Infect Immun , vol.82 , pp. 4596-4606
    • Clarke, T.B.1
  • 159
    • 84902996531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The microbiota regulates neutrophil homeostasis and host resistance to Escherichia coli K1 sepsis in neonatal mice
    • Deshmukh HS, Liu Y, Menkiti OR, et al. The microbiota regulates neutrophil homeostasis and host resistance to Escherichia coli K1 sepsis in neonatal mice. Nat Med 2014, 20:524-530.
    • (2014) Nat Med , vol.20 , pp. 524-530
    • Deshmukh, H.S.1    Liu, Y.2    Menkiti, O.R.3
  • 160
    • 80054019878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute necrotizing enterocolitis of preterm piglets is characterized by dysbiosis of ileal mucosa-associated bacteria
    • Azcarate-Peril MA, Foster DM, Cadenas MB, et al. Acute necrotizing enterocolitis of preterm piglets is characterized by dysbiosis of ileal mucosa-associated bacteria. Gut Microbes 2011, 2:234-243.
    • (2011) Gut Microbes , vol.2 , pp. 234-243
    • Azcarate-Peril, M.A.1    Foster, D.M.2    Cadenas, M.B.3
  • 161
    • 84922444766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dysbiosis anticipating necrotizing enterocolitis in very premature infants
    • Sim K, Shaw AG, Randell P, et al. Dysbiosis anticipating necrotizing enterocolitis in very premature infants. Clin Infect Dis 2015, 60:389-397.
    • (2015) Clin Infect Dis , vol.60 , pp. 389-397
    • Sim, K.1    Shaw, A.G.2    Randell, P.3
  • 162
    • 23944480403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral probiotics prevent necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight neonates
    • Bin-Nun A, Bromiker R, Wilschanski M, et al. Oral probiotics prevent necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight neonates. J Pediatr 2005, 147:192-196.
    • (2005) J Pediatr , vol.147 , pp. 192-196
    • Bin-Nun, A.1    Bromiker, R.2    Wilschanski, M.3
  • 163
    • 54049148570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral probiotics prevent necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight preterm infants: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial
    • Lin HC, Hsu CH, Chen HL, et al. Oral probiotics prevent necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight preterm infants: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Pediatrics 2008, 122:693-700.
    • (2008) Pediatrics , vol.122 , pp. 693-700
    • Lin, H.C.1    Hsu, C.H.2    Chen, H.L.3
  • 164
    • 84924366276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Readmission diagnoses after hospitalization for severe sepsis and other acute medical conditions
    • Prescott HC, Langa KM, Iwashyna TJ Readmission diagnoses after hospitalization for severe sepsis and other acute medical conditions. JAMA 2015, 313:1055-1057.
    • (2015) JAMA , vol.313 , pp. 1055-1057
    • Prescott, H.C.1    Langa, K.M.2    Iwashyna, T.J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.