A review of human thermal comfort in the built environment

Energy and Buildings

Volumn 105, Issue , 2015, Pages 178-205

  Rupp, Ricardo Forgiarini ^a   Vásquez, Natalia Giraldo ^a   Lamberts, Roberto ^a  

^a FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF SANTA CATARINA   (Brazil)

Author keywords

Built environment; Human thermal comfort; Review

Indexed keywords

ABSTRACTING; AIR CONDITIONING; CLIMATE MODELS; HUMIDITY CONTROL; REVIEWS; THERMAL COMFORT;

ADAPTIVE THERMAL COMFORT; BUILT ENVIRONMENT; CLIMATE CHAMBERS; CONDITIONING SYSTEMS; CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT; HUMAN THERMAL COMFORT; INDOOR EXPERIMENT; LITERATURE REVIEWS;

PHYSIOLOGICAL MODELS;

EID: 84939477479     PISSN: 03787788     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.07.047     Document Type: Review

References (498)

1. United Nations, 2014. (accessed November 11, 2014).
2. World Bank, 2014.
3. Environmental Protection Agency, 2014. (accessed November 11, 2014).
4. L. Pérez-Lombard, J. Ortiz, and C. Pout A review on buildings energy consumption information Energy Build. 40 2008 394 398 10.1016/j.enbuild.2007.03.007
5. Energy Information Administration 2003 Commercial Buildings Energy Consumption Survey 2008 Energy Information Administration
6. T. Hoyt, K.H. Lee, H. Zhang, E. Arens, and T. Webster Energy savings from extended air temperature setpoints and reductions in room air mixing Int. Conf. Environ. Ergon Boston 2009 5
7. M.J. Holmes, and J.N. Hacker Climate change, thermal comfort and energy: meeting the design challenges of the 21st century Energy Build. 39 2007 802 814 10.1016/j.enbuild.2007.02.009
8. Y.H. Yau A preliminary thermal comfort study in tropical buildings located in Malaysia Int. J. Mech. Mater. Eng. 3 2008 119 126
9. J. Han, G. Zhang, Q. Zhang, J. Zhang, J. Liu, L. Tian, and et al. Field study on occupants' thermal comfort and residential thermal environment in a hot-humid climate of China Build. Environ. 42 2007 4043 4050 10.1016/j.buildenv.2006. 06.028
10. H.B. Chen, and Y.X. Zhu Energy saving and thermal comfort problems of residential buildings which adopt concentrated HVAC system J. Harbin Inst. Technol. (New Series) 14 2007 176 178
11. H. Yoshino, Y. Yoshino, Q. Zhang, A. Mochida, N. Li, Z. Li, and et al. Indoor thermal environment and energy saving for urban residential buildings in China Energy Build. 38 2006 1308 1319 10.1016/j.enbuild.2006.04.006
12. S.H. Hong, J. Gilbertson, T. Oreszczyn, G. Green, and I. Ridley A field study of thermal comfort in low-income dwellings in England before and after energy efficient refurbishment Build. Environ. 44 2009 1228 1236 10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.09.003
13. R.A. Romero, G. Bojórquez, M. Corral, and R. Gallegos Energy and the occupant's thermal perception of low-income dwellings in hot-dry climate: Mexicali, México Renewable Energy 49 2013 267 270 10.1016/j.renene.2012.01.017
14. M. Derbez, B. Berthineau, V. Cochet, C. Pignon, J. Ribéron, G. Wyart, and et al. A 3-year follow-up of indoor air quality and comfort in two energy-efficient houses Build. Environ. 82 2014 288 299 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.08.028
15. C. Tweed, D. Dixon, E. Hinton, and K. Bickerstaff Thermal comfort practices in the home and their impact on energy consumption Archit. Eng. Des. Manage. 10 2013 1 24 10.1080/17452007.2013.837243
16. F.F. Al-ajmi Thermal comfort in air-conditioned mosques in the dry desert climate Build. Environ. 45 2010 2407 2413 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.05.003
17. K.C. Parsons Environmental ergonomics: a review of principles, methods and models Appl. Ergon. 31 2000 581 594
18. International Standard Organization, ISO 7730 Ergonomics of the Thermal Environment - Analytical Determination and Interpretation of Thermal Comfort Using Calculation of the PMV and PPD Indices and Local Thermal Comfort Criteria 2005
19. RAA-C.E ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 55 - Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy 2013 American Society of Heating
20. European Standard, EN 15251 Indoor Environmental Input Parameters for Design and Assessment of Energy Performance of Buildings - Addressing Indoor Air Quality, Thermal Environment, Lighting and Acoustics 2007
21. M. Frontczak, and P. Wargocki Literature survey on how different factors influence human comfort in indoor environments Build. Environ. 46 2011 922 937 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.10.021
22. Z. Lin, and S. Deng A study on the thermal comfort in sleeping environments in the subtropics - developing a thermal comfort model for sleeping environments Build. Environ. 43 2008 70 81 10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.11.026
23. P. Dongmei, D. Shiming, L. Zhongping, and C. Ming-yin Air-conditioning for sleeping environments in tropics and/or sub-tropics - a review Energy 51 2013 18 26 10.1016/j.energy.2013.01.009
24. L. Pan, Z. Lian, and L. Lan Investigation of gender differences in sleeping comfort at different environmental temperatures Indoor Built Environ. 21 2011 811 820 10.1177/1420326X11425967
25. N. Djongyang, R. Tchinda, and D. Njomo Thermal comfort: a review paper Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 14 2010 2626 2640 10.1016/j.rser.2010.07.040
26. C. Leung, and H. Ge Sleep thermal comfort and the energy saving potential due to reduced indoor operative temperature during sleep Build. Environ. 59 2013 91 98 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.08.010
27. L. Lan, L. Pan, Z. Lian, H. Huang, and Y. Lin Experimental study on thermal comfort of sleeping people at different air temperatures Build. Environ. 73 2014 24 31 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.11.024
28. L. Pan, Z. Lian, and L. Lan Investigation of sleep quality under different temperatures based on subjective and physiological measurements HVAC&R Res. 18 2012 1030 1043 10.1080/10789669.2012.667037
29. L. Lan, Z. Lian, X. Zhou, C. Sun, H. Huang, Y. Lin, and et al. Pilot study on the application of bedside personalized ventilation to sleeping people Build. Environ. 67 2013 160 166 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.05.018
30. X. Zhou, Z. Lian, and L. Lan Experimental study on a bedside personalized ventilation system for improving sleep comfort and quality Indoor Built Environ. 23 2013 313 323 10.1177/1420326X13504317
31. Y. Liu, C. Song, Y. Wang, D. Wang, and J. Liu Experimental study and evaluation of the thermal environment for sleeping Build. Environ. 82 2014 546 555 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.09.024
32. N. Romeijn, R.J.E.M. Raymann, E. Møst, B. Te Lindert, W.P. Van Der Meijden, R. Fronczek, and et al. Sleep, vigilance, and thermosensitivity Pflügers Archiv: Eur. J. Physiol. 463 2012 169 176 10.1007/s00424-011-1042-2
33. P.O. Fanger Thermal Comfort: Analysis and Applications in Environmental Engineering 1970 Danish Technical Press Copenhagen
34. P.O. Fanger, and J. Toftum Extension of the PMV model to non-air-conditioned buildings in warm climates Energy Build. 34 2002 533 536 10.1016/S0378-7788(02)00003-8
35. J.F. Nicol, and M.a. Humphreys Thermal comfort as part of a self-regulating system Build. Res. Pract. 1 1973 174 179 10.1080/09613217308550237
36. A. Auliciems Towards a psycho-physiological model Int. J. Biometeorol. 25 1981 109 122
37. R. de Dear, G. Brager, and D. Cooper Developing an adaptive model of thermal comfort and preference Final Report ASHRAE RP-884 1997
38. R.J. de Dear, and G. Brager Developing an adaptive model of thermal comfort and preference ASHRAE Trans. 104 1998 145 167
39. J.F. Nicol, and Humphreys M.a. Adaptive thermal comfort and sustainable thermal standards for buildings Energy Build. 34 2002 563 572 10.1016/S0378-7788(02)00006-3
40. K.J. McCartney, and J. Fergus Nicol Developing an adaptive control algorithm for Europe Energy Build. 34 2002 623 635 10.1016/S0378-7788(02)00013-0
41. F. Nicol, M. Humphreys, and S. Roaf Adaptive Thermal Comfort: Principles and Practice 2012 Routledge Abingdon
42. A.P. Gagge, J.A.J. Stolwijk, and J.D. Hardy Comfort and thermal sensations and associated physiological responses at various ambient temperatures Environ. Res. 20 1967 1 20
43. J.A.J. Stolwijk, and J.D. Hardy Temperature regulation in man - a theoretical study Pflüger's Archiv Für Die Gesamte Physiologie Des Menschen Und Der Tiere 291 1966 129 162
44. E.H. Wissler A mathematical model of the human thermal system Bull. Math. Biophys. 26 1964 147 166
45. J.A.J. Stolwijk A mathematical model of physiological temperature regulation in man NASA Contractor Report, CR-1855 1971 NASA Washington
46. A.P. Gagge, J.A.J. Stolwijk, and Y. Nishi An effective temperature scale based on a simple model of human physiological regulatory response ASHRAE Trans. 77 1971 247 262
47. D. Fiala, K.J. Lomas, and M. Stohrer A computer model of human thermoregulation for a wide range of environmental conditions: the passive system J. Appl. Physiol. 87 1999 1957 1972
48. C. Huizenga, Z. Hui, and E. Arens A model of human physiology and comfort for assessing complex thermal environments Build. Environ. 36 2001 691 699 10.1016/S0360-1323(00)00061-5
49. S. Tanabe, K. Kobayashi, J. Nakano, and Y. Ozeki Evaluation of thermal comfort using combined multi-node thermoregulation (65MN) and radiation models and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) Energy Build. 34 2002 637 646
50. W.D. van Marken Lichtenbelt, A.J.H. Frijns, D. Fiala, F.E.M. Janssen, a.M.J. van Ooijen, and a.a. van Steenhoven Effect of individual characteristics on a mathematical model of human thermoregulation J. Therm. Biol. 29 2004 577 581 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2004.08.081
51. C. Chun, A. Kwok, and A. Tamura Thermal comfort in transitional spaces - basic concepts: literature review and trial measurement Build. Environ. 39 2004 1187 1192 10.1016/j.buildenv.2004.02.003
52. M. Cabanac Physiological role of pleasure Science 173 1971 1103 1107
53. J.H.N. Borgers, and E. de Leeuw Children as respondentes in survey research: cognitive development an responde quality Bull. Méthod. Sociol. 66 2000 60 75
54. R. Lamberts, C. Cândido, R. de Dear, and R. De Vecchi Towards a Brazilian standard on thermal comfort Research Report 2013 LabEEE-UFSC/IEQ Lab-USYD Florianópolis/Sydney
55. H. Zhang, E. Arens, and Y. Zhai A review of the corrective power of personal comfort systems in non-neutral ambient environments Build. Environ. 91 2015 15 41 10.1016/j.buildenv.2015.03.013
56. F. Nicol, and M. Humphreys Derivation of the adaptive equations for thermal comfort in free-running buildings in European standard EN15251 Build. Environ. 45 2010 11 17 10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.12.013
57. A.M. Humphreys, H.B. Rijal, and J.F. Nicol Updating the adaptive relation between climate and comfort indoors; new insights and an extended database Build. Environ. 63 2013 40 55 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.01.024
58. A.C. van der Linden, A.C. Boerstra, A.K. Raue, S.R. Kurvers, and R.J. de Dear Adaptive temperature limits: a new guideline in The Netherlands Energy Build. 38 2006 8 17 10.1016/j.enbuild.2005.02.008
59. C. Cândido, R. Lamberts, R. de Dear, L. Bittencourt, and R. de Vecchi Towards a Brazilian standard for naturally ventilated buildings: guidelines for thermal and air movement acceptability Build. Res. Inf. 39 2011 145 153 10.1080/09613218.2011.557858
60. R. de Dear Revisiting an old hypothesis of human thermal perception: alliesthesia Build. Res. Inf. 39 2011 108 117 10.1080/09613218.2011.552269
61. R. de Dear The theory of thermal comfort in naturally ventilated indoor environments - the pleasure principle Int. J. Vent. 2009 243 250
62. M.A. Humphreys, and M. Hancock Do people like to feel "neutral"?.: exploring the variation of the desired thermal sensation on the ASHRAE scale Energy Build. 39 2007 867 874 10.1016/j.enbuild.2007.02.014
63. B. Li, R. Yao, Q. Wang, and Y. Pan An introduction to the Chinese Evaluation Standard for the indoor thermal environment Energy Build. 82 2014 27 36 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.06.032
64. J. van Hoof, Mitja Mazej, and J.L.M. Hensen Thermal comfort: research and practice Front. Biosci. 15 2010 765 788
65. E. Halawa, and J. van Hoof The adaptive approach to thermal comfort: a critical overview Energy Build. 51 2012 101 110 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.04.011
66. M. Taleghani, M. Tenpierik, S. Kurvers, and A. van den Dobbelsteen A review into thermal comfort in buildings Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 26 2013 201 215 10.1016/j.rser.2013.05.050
67. Y. Yau, and B. Chew A review on predicted mean vote and adaptive thermal comfort models Build. Serv. Eng. Res. Technol. 35 2012 23 35 10.1177/0143624412465200
68. L. Yang, H. Yan, and J.C. Lam Thermal comfort and building energy consumption implications - a review Appl. Energy 115 2014 164 173 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.10.062
69. S. Roaf, F. Nicol, M. Humphreys, P. Tuohy, and A. Boerstra Twentieth century standards for thermal comfort: promoting high energy buildings Archit. Sci. Rev. 53 2010 65 77 10.3763/asre.2009.01.11
70. S. Carlucci, and L. Pagliano A review of indices for the long-term evaluation of the general thermal comfort conditions in buildings Energy Build. 53 2012 194 205 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.06.015
71. J.F. Nicol, and M.A. Humphreys New standards for comfort and energy use in buildings Build. Res. Inf. 37 2009 68 73 10.1080/09613210802611041
72. M. Moezzi Are comfort expectations of building occupants too high? Build. Res. Inf. 37 2009 79 83 10.1080/09613210802611009
73. J.F. Nicol, and M. Wilson A critique of European Standard EN 15251: strengths, weaknesses and lessons for future standards Build. Res. Inf. 39 2011 183 193 10.1080/09613218.2011.556824
74. F.R. d'Ambrosio Alfano, B.W. Olesen, B.I. Palella, and G. Riccio Thermal comfort: design and assessment for energy saving Energy Build. 81 2014 326 336 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.06.033
75. E. Halawa, J. van Hoof, and V. Soebarto The impacts of the thermal radiation field on thermal comfort, energy consumption and control - a critical overview Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 37 2014 907 918 10.1016/j.rser.2014.05.040
76. F.R. d'Ambrosio Alfano, M. Dell'Isola, B.I. Palella, G. Riccio, and A. Russi On the measurement of the mean radiant temperature and its influence on the indoor thermal environment assessment Build. Environ. 63 2013 79 88 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.01.026
77. E. Arens, M.A. Humphreys, R. de Dear, and H. Zhang Are "class Atemperature requirements realistic or desirable? Build. Environ. 45 2010 4 10 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.03.014
78. F.R. d'Ambrosio Alfano, B.I. Palella, and G. Riccio The role of measurement accuracy on the thermal environment assessment by means of PMV index Build. Environ. 46 2011 1361 1369 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.01.001
79. M. Indraganti, R. Ooka, and H.B. Rijal Thermal comfort in offices in summer: findings from a field study under the "setsudenconditions in Tokyo, Japan Build. Environ. 61 2013 114 132 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.12.008
80. N.N. Shin-ichi Tanabe, Yuko Iwahashi, and Sayana Tsushima Thermal comfort and productivity in offices under mandatory electricity savings after the Great East Japan earthquake Archit. Sci. Rev. 2014 4 13
81. W.D. van Marken Lichtenbelt, and B.R. Kingma Building and occupant energetics: a physiological hypothesis Archit. Sci. Rev. 56 2013 48 53 10.1080/00038628.2012.759377
82. F. Johnson, A. Mavrogianni, M. Ucci, A. Vidal-Puig, and J. Wardle Could increased time spent in a thermal comfort zone contribute to population increases in obesity? Obes. Rev.: Off. J. Int. Assoc. Study Obes. 12 2011 543 551 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2010.00851.x
83. A. Mavrogianni, F. Johnson, M. Ucci, A. Marmot, J. Wardle, T. Oreszczyn, and et al. Historic variations in winter indoor domestic temperatures and potential implications for body weight gain Indoor Built Environ. 22 2011 360 375 10.1177/1420326X11425966
84. S. Healy Air-conditioning and the "homogenization" of people and built environments Build. Res. Inf. 36 2008 312 322 10.1080/09613210802076351
85. H. Zhang, E. Arens, and W. Pasut Air temperature thresholds for indoor comfort and perceived air quality Build. Res. Inf. 39 2011 134 144 10.1080/09613218.2011.552703
86. L. Schellen, M. Loomans, M. de Wit, and W. van Marken Lichtenbelt The influence of different cooling techniques and gender on thermal perception Build. Res. Inf. 41 2013 330 341 10.1080/09613218.2013.772002
87. L. Schellen, M.G.L.C. Loomans, M.H. de Wit, B.W. Olesen, W.D. van, and M. Lichtenbelt Effects of different cooling principles on thermal sensation and physiological responses Energy Build. 62 2013 116 125 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.01.007
88. E. Arens, H. Zhang, and C. Huizenga Partial- and whole-body thermal sensation and comfort - Part I: Uniform environmental conditions J. Therm. Biol. 31 2006 53 59 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2005.11.028
89. E. Arens, H. Zhang, and C. Huizenga Partial- and whole-body thermal sensation and comfort - Part II: Non-uniform environmental conditions J. Therm. Biol. 31 2006 60 66 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2005.11.027
90. M. Schweiker, S. Brasche, W. Bischof, M. Hawighorst, K. Voss, and A. Wagner Development and validation of a methodology to challenge the adaptive comfort model Build. Environ. 49 2012 336 347 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.08.002
91. M. Schweiker, S. Brasche, W. Bischof, M. Hawighorst, and A. Wagner Explaining the individual processes leading to adaptive comfort: exploring physiological, behavioural and psychological reactions to thermal stimuli J. Build. Phys. 36 2013 438 463 10.1177/1744259112473945
92. H. Wigö Effects of intermittent air velocity on thermal and draught perception during transient temperature conditions Int. J. Vent. 7 2008 59 66
93. L. Huang, Y. Zhu, Q. Ouyang, and B. Cao A study on the effects of thermal, luminous, and acoustic environments on indoor environmental comfort in offices Build. Environ. 49 2012 304 309 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.07.022
94. A. Uʇursal, and C.H. Culp The effect of temperature, metabolic rate and dynamic localized airflow on thermal comfort Appl. Energy 111 2013 64 73 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.04.014
95. X. Zhou, Q. Ouyang, Y. Zhu, C. Feng, and X. Zhang Experimental study of the influence of anticipated control on human thermal sensation and thermal comfort Indoor Air 24 2014 171 177 10.1111/ina.12067
96. C. Chun, A. Kwok, T. Mitamura, N. Miwa, and A. Tamura Thermal diary: connecting temperature history to indoor comfort Build. Environ. 43 2008 877 885 10.1016/j.buildenv.2007.01.031
97. J. Yu, G. Cao, W. Cui, Q. Ouyang, and Y. Zhu People who live in a cold climate: thermal adaptation differences based on availability of heating Indoor Air 23 2013 303 310 10.1111/ina.12025
98. J. Yu, Q. Ouyang, Y. Zhu, H. Shen, G. Cao, and W. Cui A comparison of the thermal adaptability of people accustomed to air-conditioned environments and naturally ventilated environments Indoor Air 22 2012 110 118 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2011.00746.x
99. B. Kingma, A. Frijns, and W.V.M. Lichtenbelt The thermoneutral zone: implications for metabolic studies Front. Biosci. - Elite 4E 2012 1975 1985
100. A. Yasuoka, H. Kubo, K. Tsuzuki, and N. Isoda Interindividual differences in thermal comfort and the responses to skin cooling in young women J. Therm. Biol. 37 2012 65 71 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2011.10.012
101. C.M.C. Jacquot, L. Schellen, B.R. Kingma, M.A. van Baak, and W.D. van Marken Lichtenbelt Influence of thermophysiology on thermal behavior: the essentials of categorization Physiol. Behav. 128 2014 180 187 10.1016/j.physbeh.2014.01.025
102. G.T. Leites, P.L. Sehl, G.D.S. Cunha, A. Detoni Filho, and F. Meyer Responses of obese and lean girls exercising under heat and thermoneutral conditions J. Pediatr. 162 2013 1054 1060 10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.10.047
103. L. Lan, Z. Lian, W. Liu, and Y. Liu Investigation of gender difference in thermal comfort for Chinese people Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 102 2008 471 480 10.1007/s00421-007-0609-2
104. T.T. Chow, K.F. Fong, B. Givoni, Z. Lin, and A.L.S. Chan Thermal sensation of Hong Kong people with increased air speed, temperature and humidity in air-conditioned environment Build. Environ. 45 2010 2177 2183 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.03.016
105. L. Schellen, M.G.L.C. Loomans, M.H. de Wit, B.W. Olesen, and W.D. van Marken Lichtenbelt The influence of local effects on thermal sensation under non-uniform environmental conditions - gender differences in thermophysiology, thermal comfort and productivity during convective and radiant cooling Physiol. Behav. 107 2012 252 261 10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.07.008
106. N. Hashiguchi, Y. Feng, and Y. Tochihara Gender differences in thermal comfort and mental performance at different vertical air temperatures Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 109 2010 41 48 10.1007/s00421-009-1158-7
107. J. van Hoof Forty years of Fanger's model of thermal comfort: comfort for all? Indoor Air 18 2008 182 201 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2007.00516.x
108. L. Schellen, W.D. van Marken Lichtenbelt, M.G.L.C. Loomans, J. Toftum, and M.H. de Wit Differences between young adults and elderly in thermal comfort, productivity, and thermal physiology in response to a moderate temperature drift and a steady-state condition Indoor Air 20 2010 273 283 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2010.00657.x
109. Y. Zhang, and R. Zhao Relationship between thermal sensation and comfort in non-uniform and dynamic environments Build. Environ. 44 2009 1386 1391 10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.04.006
110. Y. Zhang, S. Sun, and R. Zhao Assessment indices for uniform and non-uniform thermal environments Front. Energy Power Eng. China 2 2008 129 133 10.1007/s11708-008-0029-y
111. C. Sun, H. Giles, G. Xu, L. Lan, and Z. Lian Investigation on thermal comfort and energy conservation of local ventilation, HVAC&R Res. 2013 584 592 10.1080/10789669.2013.803383
112. Q. Ding, Q. Jin, X. Li, and L. Duanmu Effect of local thermal sensation on whole-body thermal sensation under stable non-uniform environment J. Southeast Univ. (English ed.) 26 2010 238 242
113. C. Sun, Z. Lian, L. Lan, and H. Zhang Investigation on temperature range for thermal comfort in nonuniform environment HVAC&R Res. 19 2013 103 112 10.1080/10789669.2012.744927
114. H. Liu, J. Liao, D. Yang, X. Du, P. Hu, Y. Yang, and et al. The response of human thermal perception and skin temperature to step-change transient thermal environments Build. Environ. 73 2014 232 238 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.12.007
115. Y. Zhang, J. Zhang, H. Chen, X. Du, and Q. Meng Effects of step changes of temperature and humidity on human responses of people in hot-humid area of China Build. Environ. 80 2014 174 183 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.05.023
116. C.-P. Chen, R.-L. Hwang, S.-Y. Chang, and Y.-T. Lu Effects of temperature steps on human skin physiology and thermal sensation response Build. Environ. 46 2011 2387 2397 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.05.021
117. N. Ghaddar, K. Ghali, and W. Chakroun Evaporative cooler improves transient thermal comfort in chilled ceiling displacement ventilation conditioned space Energy Build. 61 2013 51 60 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.02.010
118. Y.-C. Wu, and A. Mahdavi Assessment of thermal comfort under transitional conditions Build. Environ. 76 2014 30 36 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.03.001
119. I. Almesri, H.B. Awbi, E. Foda, and K. Siren An air distribution index for assessing the thermal comfort and air quality in uniform and nonuniform thermal environments Indoor Built Environ. 22 2012 618 639 10.1177/1420326X12451186
120. M. Veselý, and W. Zeiler Personalized conditioning and its impact on thermal comfort and energy performance - a review Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 34 2014 401 408 10.1016/j.rser.2014.03.024
121. H. Amai, S. Tanabe, T. Akimoto, and T. Genma Thermal sensation and comfort with different task conditioning systems Build. Environ. 42 2007 3955 3964 10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.07.043
122. J. Kaczmarczyk, A. Melikov, and D. Sliva Effect of warm air supplied facially on occupants' comfort Build. Environ. 45 2010 848 855 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.09.005
123. A.K. Melikov, and G.L. Knudsen Human response to an individually controlled microenvironment HVAC&R Res. 13 2007 645 660
124. A.K. Melikov, B. Krejciríková, J. Kaczmarczyk, M. Duszyk, and T. Sakoi Human response to local convective and radiant cooling in a warm environment HVAC&R Res. 19 2013 1023 1032 10.1080/10789669.2013.842734
125. M. Dalewski, A.K. Melikov, and M. Vesely Performance of ductless personalized ventilation in conjunction with displacement ventilation: physical environment and human response Build. Environ. 81 2014 354 364 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.07.011
126. J. Niu, N. Gao, M. Phoebe, and Z. Huigang Experimental study on a chair-based personalized ventilation system Build. Environ. 42 2007 913 925 10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.10.011
127. A. Makhoul, K. Ghali, and N. Ghaddar Thermal comfort and energy performance of a low-mixing ceiling-mounted personalized ventilator system Build. Environ. 60 2013 126 136 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.11.016
128. F. Kalmár, and T. Kalmár Alternative personalized ventilation Energy Build. 65 2013 37 44 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.05.010
129. F. Kalmár Innovative method and equipment for personalized ventilation Indoor Air 2014 10.1111/ina.12138
130. W. Pasut, H. Zhang, E. Arens, S. Kaam, and Y. Zhai Effect of a heated and cooled office chair on thermal comfort HVAC&R Res. 2013 574 583 10.1080/10789669.2013.781371
131. W. Pasut, E. Arens, H. Zhang, and Y. Zhai Enabling energy-efficient approaches to thermal comfort using room air motion Build. Environ. 79 2014 13 19 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.04.024
132. Y. Zhai, H. Zhang, Y. Zhang, W. Pasut, E. Arens, and Q. Meng Comfort under personally controlled air movement in warm and humid environments Build. Environ. 65 2013 109 117 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.03.022
133. J.-H. Yang, T. Kim, and C.H. Cheong Supply airflow control algorithm of a floor-standing room air-conditioner to achieve thermal comfort for residential housing in summer Build. Environ. 59 2013 227 238 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.08.022
134. L. Huang, Q. Ouyang, Y. Zhu, and L. Jiang A study about the demand for air movement in warm environment Build. Environ. 61 2013 27 33 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.12.002
135. S. Watanabe, T. Shimomura, and H. Miyazaki Thermal evaluation of a chair with fans as an individually controlled system Build. Environ. 44 2009 1392 1398 10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.05.016
136. W. Sun, K.W.D. Cheong, and A.K. Melikov Subjective study of thermal acceptability of novel enhanced displacement ventilation system and implication of occupants' personal control Build. Environ. 57 2012 49 57 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.04.004
137. A. Melikov, T. Ivanova, and G. Stefanova Seat headrest-incorporated personalized ventilation: thermal comfort and inhaled air quality Build. Environ. 47 2012 100 108 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.07.013
138. H. Wang, S. Hu, G. Liu, and A. Li Experimental study of human thermal sensation under hypobaric conditions in winter clothes Energy Build. 42 2010 2044 2048 10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.06.013
139. C. Gao, K. Kuklane, F. Wang, and I. Holmér Personal cooling with phase change materials to improve thermal comfort from a heat wave perspective Indoor Air 22 2012 523 530 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2012.00778.x
140. J. Kwon, and J. Choi The relationship between environmental temperature and clothing insulation across a year Int. J. Biometeorol. 56 2012 887 893 10.1007/s00484-011-0493-7
141. R.-L. Hwang, T.-P. Lin, H.-H. Liang, K.-H. Yang, and T.-C. Yeh Additive model for thermal comfort generated by matrix experiment using orthogonal array Build. Environ. 44 2009 1730 1739 10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.11.009
142. K.F. Fong, T.T. Chow, and C. Li Comfort zone of air speeds and temperatures for air-conditioned environment in the subtropical Hong Kong Indoor Built Environ. 19 2010 375 381 10.1177/1420326X09347427
143. M.L. Fong, Z. Lin, K.F. Fong, T.T. Chow, and T. Yao Evaluation of thermal comfort conditions in a classroom with three ventilation methods Indoor Air 21 2011 231 239 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2010.00693.x
144. L. Schellen, S. Timmers, M. Loomans, E. Nelissen, J.L.M. Hensen, and W. van Marken Lichtenbelt Downdraught assessment during design: experimental and numerical evaluation of a rule of thumb Build. Environ. 57 2012 290 301 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.04.011
145. J. Hua, Q. Ouyang, Y. Wang, H. Li, and Y. Zhu A dynamic air supply device used to produce simulated natural wind in an indoor environment Build. Environ. 47 2012 349 356 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.07.003
146. L. Huang, Q. Ouyang, and Y. Zhu Perceptible airflow fluctuation frequency and human thermal response Build. Environ. 54 2012 14 19 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.02.004
147. X. Zhou, Q. Ouyang, G. Lin, and Y. Zhu Impact of dynamic airflow on human thermal response Indoor Air 16 2006 348 355 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2006.00430.x
148. E. Barna, and L. Bánhidi Human subject experiments for investigating the combined effects of two local discomfort parameters Period. Polytech. Mech. Eng. 53 2009 3 10.3311/pp.me.2009-1.01
149. E. Barna, and L. Bánhidi Combined effect of two local discomfort parameters studied with a thermal manikin and human subjects Energy Build. 51 2012 234 241 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.05.015
150. K.-G. Lee, and W.-H. Hong Thermal-environment characteristics and comfort of combined radiant-floor (Korean heating system ondol) and convective cooling system J. Central South Univ. 20 2013 3589 3603 10.1007/s11771-013-1885-0
151. T. Fukazawa, and G. Havenith Differences in comfort perception in relation to local and whole body skin wettedness Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. 106 2009 15 24 10.1007/s00421-009-0983-z
152. M. Nakamura, T. Yoda, L.I. Crawshaw, S. Yasuhara, Y. Saito, M. Kasuga, and et al. Regional differences in temperature sensation and thermal comfort in humans J. Appl. Physiol. (Bethesda MD: 1985) 105 2008 1897 1906 10.1152/japplphysiol.90466.2008
153. M. Nakano, S. Kubo, A. Koretsune, H. Tsuji, Y. Jinno, and E. Mimura Conjoint analysis for causal relationship among thermal sensation votes IEEJ Trans. Electron. Inf. Syst. 127 2007
154. D. Wang, H. Zhang, E. Arens, and C. Huizenga Observations of upper-extremity skin temperature and corresponding overall-body thermal sensations and comfort Build. Environ. 42 2007 3933 3943 10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.06.035
155. Y. Yao, Z. Lian, W. Liu, and Q. Shen Experimental study on physiological responses and thermal comfort under various ambient temperatures Physiol. Behav. 93 2008 310 321 10.1016/j.physbeh.2007.09.012
156. G.-S. Song Effect of floor surface temperature on blood flow and skin temperature in the foot Indoor Air 18 2008 511 520 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2008.00552.x
157. S. Hodder, and K. Parsons The effects of solar radiation and black body re-radiation on thermal comfort Ergonomics 51 2008 476 491 10.1080/00140130701710986
158. Y. Yao, Z. Lian, W. Liu, and C. Jiang Measurement methods of mean skin temperatures for the PMV model HVAC&R Res. 14 2008 161 174
159. A. Bogdan Case study assessment of local and general thermal comfort by means of local skin temperature Int. J. Vent. 10 2011 291 300
160. W. Liu, Z. Lian, Q. Deng, and Y. Liu Evaluation of calculation methods of mean skin temperature for use in thermal comfort study Build. Environ. 46 2011 478 488 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.08.011
161. J.-H. Choi, and V. Loftness Investigation of human body skin temperatures as a bio-signal to indicate overall thermal sensations Build. Environ. 58 2012 258 269 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.07.003
162. Y. Gan, Y. Liu, X. Ding, and N. Pan Thermal sensation at index finger while applying external pressure at upper arm J. Therm. Biol. 37 2012 502 509 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2012.05.002
163. Z. Wang, Y. He, J. Hou, and L. Jiang Human skin temperature and thermal responses in asymmetrical cold radiation environments Build. Environ. 67 2013 217 223 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.05.020
164. J.-H. Choi, V. Loftness, and D.-W. Lee Investigation of the possibility of the use of heart rate as a human factor for thermal sensation models Build. Environ. 50 2012 165 175 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.10.009
165. I. Bartal, H.L. Bánhidi, and L. Garbai Analysis of the static thermal comfort equation Energy Build. 49 2012 188 191 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.02.005
166. J. Yu, Y. Zhu, Q. Ouyang, and B. Cao Experimental study on the effects of climatic characteristics on people's adaptability to thermal environment J. Southeast Univ. (English ed.) 26 2010 279 282
167. Y. Liu, L. Wang, J. Liu, and Y. Di Human behavior in different TDRAs Physiol. Behav. 119 2013 25 29 10.1016/j.physbeh.2013.05.040
168. G. Mangone, S.R. Kurvers, and P.G. Luscuere Constructing thermal comfort: Investigating the effect of vegetation on indoor thermal comfort through a four season thermal comfort quasi-experiment Build. Environ. 81 2014 410 426 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.07.019
169. K.W.D. Cheong, W.J. Yu, S.C. Sekhar, K.W. Tham, and R. Kosonen Local thermal sensation and comfort study in a field environment chamber served by displacement ventilation system in the tropics Build. Environ. 42 2007 525 533 10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.09.008
170. W.J. Yu, K.W.D. Cheong, K.W. Tham, S.C. Sekhar, and R. Kosonen Thermal effect of temperature gradient in a field environment chamber served by displacement ventilation system in the tropics Build. Environ. 42 2007 516 524 10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.09.003
171. R. Li, S.C. Sekhar, and A.K. Melikov Thermal comfort and IAQ assessment of under-floor air distribution system integrated with personalized ventilation in hot and humid climate Build. Environ. 45 2010 1906 1913 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.03.003
172. R. Li, S.C. Sekhar, and A.K. Melikov Thermal comfort and indoor air quality in rooms with integrated personalized ventilation and under-floor air distribution systems HVAC&R Res. 17 2011 829 846 10.1080/10789669.2010.544834
173. Y. Chen, B. Raphael, and S.C. Sekhar Individual control of a personalized ventilation system integrated with an ambient mixing ventilation system HVAC&R Res. 18 2012 1136 1152 10.1080/10789669.2012.710059
174. B. Yang, S.C. Sekhar, and A.K. Melikov Ceiling-mounted personalized ventilation system integrated with a secondary air distribution system - a human response study in hot and humid climate Indoor Air 20 2010 309 319 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2010.00655.x
175. J. Kaczmarczyk, A. Melikov, Z. Bolashikov, L. Nikolaev, and P.O. Fanger Human response to five designs of personalized ventilation HVAC&R Res. 12 2006 367 384
176. S. Atthajariyakul, and C. Lertsatittanakorn Small fan assisted air conditioner for thermal comfort and energy saving in Thailand Energy Convers. Manage. 49 2008 2499 2504 10.1016/j.enconman.2008.05.028
177. B. Li, W. Li, H. Liu, R. Yao, M. Tan, S. Jing, and et al. Physiological expression of human thermal comfort to indoor operative temperature in the non-HVAC environment Indoor Built Environ. 19 2010 221 229 10.1177/1420326X10365213
178. R. Maiti Physiological and subjective thermal response from Indians Build. Environ. 70 2013 306 317 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.08.029
179. R. Maiti PMV model is insufficient to capture subjective thermal response from Indians Int. J. Ind. Ergon. 44 2014 349 361 10.1016/j.ergon.2014.01.005
180. J.H. Kim, Y.K. Min, and B. Kim Is the PMV index an indicator of human thermal comfort sensation? Int. J. Smart Home 7 2013 27 34
181. A.K. Mishra, and M. Ramgopal Field studies on human thermal comfort - an overview Build. Environ. 64 2013 94 106 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.02.015
182. Q.J. Kwong, N.M. Adam, and B.B. Sahari Thermal comfort assessment and potential for energy efficiency enhancement in modern tropical buildings: a review Energy Build. 68 2014 547 557 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.09.034
183. E.Z.E. Conceição, J.M.M. Gomes, N.H. Antão, and M.M.J.R. Lúcio Application of a developed adaptive model in the evaluation of thermal comfort in ventilated kindergarten occupied spaces Build. Environ. 50 2012 190 201 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.10.013
184. K. Fabbri Thermal comfort evaluation in kindergarten: PMV and PPD measurement through datalogger and questionnaire Build. Environ. 68 2013 202 214 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.07.002
185. H. Yun, I. Nam, J. Kim, J. Yang, K. Lee, and J. Sohn A field study of thermal comfort for kindergarten children in Korea: an assessment of existing models and preferences of children Build. Environ. 75 2014 182 189 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.02.003
186. J.-Y. Lee, E.a. Stone, H. Wakabayashi, and Y. Tochihara Issues in combining the categorical and visual analog scale for the assessment of perceived thermal sensation: methodological and conceptual considerations Appl. Ergon. 41 2010 282 290 10.1016/j.apergo.2009.07.007
187. S. Haddad, S. King, P. Osmond, and S. Heidari Questionnaire Design to Determine Children's Thermal Sensation, Preference and Acceptability in the Classroom 2012 PLEA Lima
188. I. Hussein, and M.H.A. Rahman Field study on thermal comfort in Malaysia Eur. J. Sci. Res. 37 2009 134 152
189. R.-L. Hwang, T.-P. Lin, C.-P. Chen, and N.-J. Kuo Investigating the adaptive model of thermal comfort for naturally ventilated school buildings in Taiwan Int. J. Biometeorol. 53 2009 189 200 10.1007/s00484-008-0203-2
190. S. ter Mors, J.L.M. Hensen, M.G.L.C. Loomans, and A.C. Boerstra Adaptive thermal comfort in primary school classrooms: creating and validating PMV-based comfort charts Build. Environ. 46 2011 2454 2461 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.05.025
191. D. Teli, M.F. Jentsch, and P.A.B. James Naturally ventilated classrooms: an assessment of existing comfort models for predicting the thermal sensation and preference of primary school children Energy Build. 53 2012 166 182 10.1016/j.enbuild.2012.06.022
192. D. Teli, P.A.B. James, and M.F. Jentsch Thermal comfort in naturally ventilated primary school classrooms Build. Res. Inf. 41 2013 301 316 10.1080/09613218.2013.773493
193. D. Teli, M.F. Jentsch, and P.A.B. James The role of a building's thermal properties on pupils' thermal comfort in junior school classrooms as determined in field studies Build. Environ. 82 2014 640 654 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.10.005
194. V. De Giuli, R. Zecchin, L. Corain, and L. Salmaso Measured and perceived environmental comfort: field monitoring in an Italian school Appl. Ergon. 45 2014 1035 1047 10.1016/j.apergo.2014.01.004
195. V. De Giuli, C.M. Pontarollo, M. De Carli, and A. Di Bella Overall assessment of indoor conditions in a school building: an Italian case study Int. J. Environ. Res. 8 2014 27 38
196. S.P. Corgnati, M. Filippi, and S. Viazzo Perception of the thermal environment in high school and university classrooms: Subjective preferences and thermal comfort Build. Environ. 42 2007 951 959 10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.10.027
197. S.P. Corgnati, R. Ansaldi, and M. Filippi Thermal comfort in Italian classrooms under free running conditions during mid seasons: assessment through objective and subjective approaches Build. Environ. 44 2009 785 792 10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.05.023
198. L. Dias Pereira, D. Raimondo, S.P. Corgnati, and M. Gameiro da Silva Assessment of indoor air quality and thermal comfort in Portuguese secondary classrooms: methodology and results Build. Environ. 81 2014 69 80 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.06.008
199. H. Wigö Effects of intermittent air velocity on thermal and draught perception - a field study in a school environment Int. J. Vent. 12 2013 249 255
200. F.R. d'Ambrosio Alfano, E. Ianniello, and B.I. Palella PMV-PPD and acceptability in naturally ventilated schools Build. Environ. 67 2013 129 137 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.05.013
201. A. Montazami, and F. Nicol Overheating in schools: comparing existing and new guidelines Build. Res. Inf. 41 2013 317 329 10.1080/09613218.2013.770716
202. H.-H. Liang, T.-P. Lin, and R.-L. Hwang Linking occupants' thermal perception and building thermal performance in naturally ventilated school buildings Appl. Energy 94 2012 355 363 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.02.004
203. M.C. Katafygiotou, and D.K. Serghides Thermal comfort of a typical secondary school building in Cyprus Sustainable Cities Soc. 13 2014 303 312 10.1016/j.scs.2014.03.004
204. M.C. Katafygiotou, and D.K. Serghides Indoor comfort and energy performance of buildings in relation to occupants' satisfaction: investigation in secondary schools of Cyprus Adv. Build. Energy Res. 8 2014 216 240 10.1080/17512549.2013.865554
205. W. Zeiler, and G. Boxem Effects of thermal activated building systems in schools on thermal comfort in winter Build. Environ. 44 2009 2308 2317 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.05.005
206. C.-P. Chen, R.-L. Hwang, and W.-M. Shih Effect of fee-for-service air-conditioning management in balancing thermal comfort and energy usage Int. J. Biometeorol. 58 2014 1941 1950 10.1007/s00484-014-0796-6
207. T. Kurabuchi, K. Tsuruta, T. Ogasawara, and Y. Iino Observation of environmental control behaviour in elementary school classrooms equipped with air-conditioning systems and ceiling fans for cooling, Int J. Vent. 2011 125 132
208. R.-L. Hwang, T.-P. Lin, and N.-J. Kuo Field experiments on thermal comfort in campus classrooms in Taiwan Energy Build. 38 2006 53 62 10.1016/j.enbuild.2005.05.001
209. M.-J. Cheng, R.-L. Hwang, and T.-P. Lin Field experiments on thermal comfort requirements for campus dormitories in Taiwan Indoor Built Environ. 17 2008 191 202 10.1177/1420326X08090571
210. G. Zhang, C. Zheng, W. Yang, Q. Zhang, and D.J. Moschandreas Thermal comfort investigation of naturally ventilated classrooms in a subtropical region Indoor Built Environ. 16 2007 148 158 10.1177/1420326X06076792
211. Y. Zhang, J. Wang, H. Chen, J. Zhang, and Q. Meng Thermal comfort in naturally ventilated buildings in hot-humid area of China Build. Environ. 45 2010 2562 2570 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.05.024
212. R. Yao, J. Liu, and B. Li Occupants' adaptive responses and perception of thermal environment in naturally conditioned university classrooms Appl. Energy 87 2010 1015 1022 10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.09.028
213. Y. Zhang, H. Chen, and Q. Meng Thermal comfort in buildings with split air-conditioners in hot-humid area of China Build. Environ. 64 2013 213 224 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.09.009
214. Z. Wang, A. Li, J. Ren, and Y. He Thermal adaptation and thermal environment in university classrooms and offices in Harbin Energy Build. 77 2014 192 196 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.03.054
215. A.K. Mishra, and M. Ramgopal Thermal comfort in undergraduate laboratories - a field study in Kharagpur, India Build. Environ. 71 2014 223 232 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.10.006
216. A.K. Mishra, and M. Ramgopal Thermal comfort field study in undergraduate laboratories - an analysis of occupant perceptions Build. Environ. 76 2014 62 72 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.03.005
217. T.H. Karyono Bandung thermal comfort study: assessing the applicability of an adaptive model in Indonesia, Archit. Sci. Rev. 51 2008 60 65
218. C. Cândido, R. de Dear, R. Lamberts, and L. Bittencourt Cooling exposure in hot humid climates: are occupants "addicted"? Archit. Sci. Rev. 53 2010 59 64 10.3763/asre.2009.0100
219. C. Cândido, R.J. de Dear, R. Lamberts, and L. Bittencourt Air movement acceptability limits and thermal comfort in Brazil's hot humid climate zone Build. Environ. 45 2010 222 229 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.06.005
220. G.J. Jung, S.K. Song, Y.C. Ahn, G.S. Oh, and Y. Bin Im Experimental research on thermal comfort in the university classroom of regular semesters in Korea J. Mech. Sci. Technol. 25 2011 503 512 10.1007/s12206-010-1219-1
221. P.M. de Carvalho, M.G. da Silva, and J.E. Ramos Influence of weather and indoor climate on clothing of occupants in naturally ventilated school buildings Build. Environ. 59 2013 38 46 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.08.005
222. A. Lenoir, G. Baird, and F. Garde Post-occupancy evaluation and experimental feedback of a net zero-energy building in a tropical climate Archit. Sci. Rev. 55 2012 156 168 10.1080/00038628.2012.702449
223. D.K. Serghides, C.K. Chatzinikola, and M.C. Katafygiotou Comparative studies of the occupants' behaviour in a university building during winter and summer time Int. J. Sustainable Energy 2014 1 24 10.1080/14786451.2014.905578
224. C. Buratti, and P. Ricciardi Adaptive analysis of thermal comfort in university classrooms: correlation between experimental data and mathematical models Build. Environ. 44 2009 674 687 10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.06.001
225. R.A. Memon, S. Chirarattananon, and P. Vangtook Thermal comfort assessment and application of radiant cooling: a case study Build. Environ. 43 2008 1185 1196 10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.04.025
226. D. Norbäck, and K. Nordström An experimental study on effects of increased ventilation flow on students' perception of indoor environment in computer classrooms Indoor Air 18 2008 293 300 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2008.00530.x
227. M.P. Deuble, and R.J. de Dear Is it hot in here or is it just me?. Validating the post-occupancy evaluation Intell. Build. Int. 6 2014 112 134 10.1080/17508975.2014.883299
228. R. Daghigh, N.M. Adam, and B.B. Sahari Ventilation parameters and thermal comfort of naturally and mechanically ventilated offices Indoor Built Environ. 18 2009 113 122 10.1177/1420326X09103013
229. W. Yang, and G. Zhang Thermal comfort in naturally ventilated and air-conditioned buildings in humid subtropical climate zone in China Int. J. Biometeorol. 52 2008 385 398 10.1007/s00484-007-0133-4
230. M. Indraganti, R. Ooka, and H.B. Rijal Field investigation of comfort temperature in Indian office buildings: a case of Chennai and Hyderabad Build. Environ. 65 2013 195 214 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.04.007
231. M. Indraganti, R. Ooka, H.B. Rijal, and G.S. Brager Adaptive model of thermal comfort for offices in hot and humid climates of India Build. Environ. 74 2014 39 53 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.01.002
232. G.Y. Yun, H.J. Kong, and J.T. Kim The effect of seasons and prevailing environments on adaptive comfort temperatures in open plan offices Indoor Built Environ. 21 2011 41 47 10.1177/1420326X11419929
233. F. Nicol, and M. Humphreys Maximum temperatures in European office buildings to avoid heat discomfort Solar Energy 81 2007 295 304 10.1016/j.solener.2006.07.007
234. M. Luo, B. Cao, J. Damiens, B. Lin, and Y. Zhu Evaluating thermal comfort in mixed-mode buildings: a field study in a subtropical climate Build. Environ. 2014 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.06.019
235. S. Drake, R. de Dear, A. Alessi, and M. Deuble Occupant comfort in naturally ventilated and mixed-mode spaces within air-conditioned offices Archit. Sci. Rev. 53 2010 297 306 10.3763/asre.2010.0021
236. M.P. Deuble, and R.J. de Dear Mixed-mode buildings: a double standard in occupants' comfort expectations Build. Environ. 54 2012 53 60 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.01.021
237. M.K. Nematchoua, R. Tchinda, and J.A. Orosa Adaptation and comparative study of thermal comfort in naturally ventilated classrooms and buildings in the wet tropical zones Energy Build. 85 2014 321 328 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.09.029
238. B. Moujalled, R. Cantin, and G. Guarracino Comparison of thermal comfort algorithms in naturally ventilated office buildings Energy Build. 40 2008 2215 2223 10.1016/j.enbuild.2008.06.014
239. A. Wagner, E. Gossauer, C. Moosmann, T. Gropp, and R. Leonhart Thermal comfort and workplace occupant satisfaction - results of field studies in German low energy office buildings Energy Build. 39 2007 758 769 10.1016/j.enbuild.2007.02.013
240. A. Akair, and L. Bánhidi Thermal comfort investigation in Libya Period. Polytech. Mech. Eng. 51 2007 45 10.3311/pp.me.2007-1.07
241. F.-J. Wang, M.-C. Lee, T.-B. Chang, Y.-S. Chen, and R.-C. Jung Improving indoor air quality and thermal comfort by total heat exchanger for an office building in hot and humid climate HVAC&R Res. 20 2014 731 737 10.1080/10789669.2014.948362
242. V. Boonyayothin, J. Hirunlabh, P. Khummongkol, S. Teekasap, U.C. Shin, and J. Khedari Ventilation control approach for acceptable indoor air quality and enhancing energy saving in Thailand Int. J. Vent. 9 2011 315 326
243. R. Daghigh, and K. Sopian Effective ventilation parameters and thermal comfort study of air-conditioned offices Am. J. Appl. Sci. 6 2009 943 951 10.3844/ajas.2009.943.951
244. F. Wang, X. Zhang, S. Li, W. Zhu, and Q. Hu Field measurements on thermal comfort of a building with double-skin facade in winter J. Southeast Univ. (English ed.) 26 2010 292 296
245. K.W. Mui, and L.T. Wong Neutral temperature in subtropical climates - a field survey in air-conditioned offices Build. Environ. 42 2007 699 706 10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.10.021
246. I. Budaiwi, M. Al-Homoud, and A. Abdou Implementation of a multi-phase approach for investigating and remedying a thermal comfort problem in an office building Indoor Built Environ. 18 2009 52 65 10.1177/1420326X08101531
247. I.M. Budaiwi An approach to investigate and remedy thermal-comfort problems in buildings Build. Environ. 42 2007 2124 2131 10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.03.010
248. J. Kim, and R. de Dear Impact of different building ventilation modes on occupant expectations of the main IEQ factors Build. Environ. 57 2012 184 193 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.05.003
249. P. Ricciardi, and C. Buratti Thermal comfort in open plan offices in northern Italy: an adaptive approach Build. Environ. 56 2012 314 320 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.03.019
250. A. Chen, and V.W.-C. Chang Human health and thermal comfort of office workers in Singapore Build. Environ. 58 2012 172 178 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.07.004
251. B. Cao, Y. Zhu, Q. Ouyang, X. Zhou, and L. Huang Field study of human thermal comfort and thermal adaptability during the summer and winter in Beijing Energy Build. 43 2011 1051 1056 10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.09.025
252. H.S.L.C. Hens Thermal comfort in office buildings: two case studies commented Build. Environ. 44 2009 1399 1408 10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.07.020
253. E. Kuchen, and M.N. Fisch Spot monitoring: thermal comfort evaluation in 25 office buildings in winter Build. Environ. 44 2009 839 847 10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.06.023
254. M. Lakeridou, M. Ucci, A. Marmot, and I. Ridley The potential of increasing cooling set-points in air-conditioned offices in the UK Appl. Energy 94 2012 338 348 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.01.064
255. J. Choi, A. Aziz, and V. Loftness Investigation on the impacts of different genders and ages on satisfaction with thermal environments in office buildings Build. Environ. 45 2010 1529 1535 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.01.004
256. J.-H. Choi, V. Loftness, and A. Aziz Post-occupancy evaluation of 20 office buildings as basis for future IEQ standards and guidelines Energy Build. 46 2012 167 175 10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.08.009
257. K. Healey Measurement and interpretation of thermal comfort in a highly adaptive mixed-mode building Archit. Sci. Rev. 57 2014 207 214 10.1080/00038628.2013.868782
258. W. Liu, Y. Zheng, Q. Deng, and L. Yang Human thermal adaptive behaviour in naturally ventilated offices for different outdoor air temperatures: a case study in Changsha China Build. Environ. 50 2012 76 89 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.10.014
259. J. Liu, R. Yao, J. Wang, and B. Li Occupants' behavioural adaptation in workplaces with non-central heating and cooling systems Appl. Therm. Eng. 35 2012 40 54 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.09.037
260. F. Haldi, and D. Robinson On the behaviour and adaptation of office occupants Build. Environ. 43 2008 2163 2177 10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.01.003
261. H.B. Rijal, M.A. Humphreys, and J.F. Nicol Understanding occupant behaviour: the use of controls in mixed-mode office buildings Build. Res. Inf. 37 2009 381 396 10.1080/09613210902904221
262. S. Karjalainen, and O. Koistinen User problems with individual temperature control in offices Build. Environ. 42 2007 2880 2887 10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.10.031
263. J. Langevin, J. Wen, and P.L. Gurian Relating occupant perceived control and thermal comfort: statistical analysis on the ASHRAE RP-884 database HVAC&R Res. 2012 179 194 10.1080/10789669.2011.607882
264. V. Cheng, and E. Ng Comfort temperatures for naturally ventilated buildings in Hong Kong Archit. Sci. Rev. 49 2006 179 182
265. S. Schiavon, and K.H. Lee Dynamic predictive clothing insulation models based on outdoor air and indoor operative temperatures Build. Environ. 59 2013 250 260 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.08.024
266. M. De Carli, B.W. Olesen, A. Zarrella, and R. Zecchin People's clothing behaviour according to external weather and indoor environment Build. Environ. 42 2007 3965 3973 10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.06.038
267. J. Huang Assessment of clothing effects in thermal comfort standards: a review J. Test. Eval. 35 2007 455 462
268. G. Baird, and C. Field Thermal comfort conditions in sustainable buildings - results of a worldwide survey of users' perceptions Renewable Energy 49 2013 44 47 10.1016/j.renene.2012.01.069
269. H.-H. Liang, C.-P. Chen, R.-L. Hwang, W.-M. Shih, S.-C. Lo, and H.-Y. Liao Satisfaction of occupants toward indoor environment quality of certified green office buildings in Taiwan Build. Environ. 72 2014 232 242 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.11.007
270. G.R. Newsham, B.J. Birt, C. Arsenault, A.J.L. Thompson, J.a. Veitch, S. Mancini, and et al. Do "green" buildings have better indoor environments?. New evidence Build. Res. Inf. 41 2013 415 434 10.1080/09613218.2013.789951
271. V. Menadue, V. Soebarto, and T. Williamson The effect of internal environmental quality on occupant satisfaction in commercial office buildings HVAC&R Res. 19 2013 1051 1062 10.1080/10789669.2013.805630
272. G. Brager, and L. Baker Occupant satisfaction in mixed-mode buildings Build. Res. Inf. 37 2009 369 380 10.1080/09613210902899785
273. S. Altomonte, and S. Schiavon Occupant satisfaction in LEED and non-LEED certified buildings Build. Environ. 68 2013 66 76
274. M.A. Bos, and J.A. Love A field study of thermal comfort with underfloor air distribution Build. Environ. 69 2013 233 240 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.08.008
275. Z. Tian, and J.A. Love A field study of occupant thermal comfort and thermal environments with radiant slab cooling Build. Environ. 43 2008 1658 1670 10.1016/j.buildenv.2007.10.012
276. H. Zhang, E. Arens, S.A. Fard, C. Huizenga, G. Paliaga, G. Brager, and et al. Air movement preferences observed in office buildings Int. J. Biometeorol. 51 2007 349 360 10.1007/s00484-006-0079-y
277. W. Yang, and G. Zhang Air movement preferences observed in naturally ventilated buildings in humid subtropical climate zone in China Int. J. Biometeorol. 53 2009 563 573 10.1007/s00484-009-0246-z
278. E. Arens, S. Turner, H. Zhang, and G. Paliaga Moving air for comfort ASHRAE J. 51 2009 18 28
279. R. Becker, and M. Paciuk Thermal comfort in residential buildings - failure to predict by Standard model Build. Environ. 44 2009 948 960 10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.06.011
280. X.P. Wang, H. Jin, and Y.H. Wang Indoor thermal environment of Korean rural housing Yanbian region of china in winter Hunan Daxue Xuebao/J. Hunan Univ. Nat. Sci. 36 2009 163 166
281. J. Han, W. Yang, J. Zhou, G. Zhang, Q. Zhang, and D.J. Moschandreas A comparative analysis of urban and rural residential thermal comfort under natural ventilation environment Energy Build. 41 2009 139 145 10.1016/j.enbuild.2008.08.005
282. F.F. Al-ajmi, and D.L. Loveday Indoor thermal conditions and thermal comfort in air-conditioned domestic buildings in the dry-desert climate of Kuwait Build. Environ. 45 2010 704 710 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.08.005
283. M.K. Nematchoua, R. Tchinda, P. Ricciardi, and N. Djongyang A field study on thermal comfort in naturally-ventilated buildings located in the equatorial climatic region of Cameroon Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 39 2014 381 393 10.1016/j.rser.2014.07.010
284. M. Indraganti Behavioural adaptation and the use of environmental controls in summer for thermal comfort in apartments in India Energy Build. 42 2010 1019 1025 10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.01.014
285. M. Indraganti Adaptive use of natural ventilation for thermal comfort in Indian apartments Build. Environ. 45 2010 1490 1507 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.12.013
286. M. Indraganti Thermal comfort in naturally ventilated apartments in summer: findings from a field study in Hyderabad, India Appl. Energy 87 2010 866 883 10.1016/j.apenergy.2009.08.042
287. M. Indraganti Thermal comfort in apartments in India: adaptive use of environmental controls and hindrances Renewable Energy 36 2011 1182 1189 10.1016/j.renene.2010.10.002
288. M. Indraganti Using the adaptive model of thermal comfort for obtaining indoor neutral temperature: Findings from a field study in Hyderabad, India Build. Environ. 45 2010 519 536 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.07.006
289. E. Rajasekar, and A. Ramachandraiah A study on thermal parameters in residential buildings associated with hot humid environments Archit. Sci. Rev. 54 2011 23 38 10.3763/asre.2009.0082
290. K. Alexis, T. Ange, and E. Ne Thermal comfort in tropical humid climate to an amendment of international standards Eur. J. Sci. Res. 73 2012 338 348
291. G. Bravo, and E. González Thermal comfort in naturally ventilated spaces and under indirect evaporative passive cooling conditions in hot-humid climate Energy Build. 63 2013 79 86 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.03.007
292. P. Rohdin, A. Molin, and B. Moshfegh Experiences from nine passive houses in Sweden - indoor thermal environment and energy use Build. Environ. 71 2014 176 185 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.09.017
293. L. Yang, H. Yan, Y. Xu, and J.C. Lam Residential thermal environment in cold climates at high altitudes and building energy use implications Energy Build. 62 2013 139 145 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.02.058
294. A. Tablada, F. De Troyer, B. Blocken, J. Carmeliet, and H. Verschure On natural ventilation and thermal comfort in compact urban environments - the Old Havana case Build. Environ. 44 2009 1943 1958 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.01.008
295. K.J. Lomas, and T. Kane Summertime temperatures and thermal comfort in UK homes Build. Res. Inf. 41 2013 259 280 10.1080/09613218.2013.757886
296. S. Petrova, M. Gentile, I.H. Mäkinen, and S. Bouzarovski Perceptions of thermal comfort and housing quality: exploring the microgeographies of energy poverty in Stakhanov, Ukraine Environ. Plann. A 45 2013 1240 1257 10.1068/a45132
297. K. Engvall, E. Lampa, P. Levin, P. Wickman, and E. Öfverholm Interaction between building design, management, household and individual factors in relation to energy use for space heating in apartment buildings Energy Build. 81 2014 457 465 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.06.051
298. L. Huang, Y. Zhu, Q. Ouyang, and B. Cao Field survey of indoor thermal comfort in rural housing of northern China in heating season J. Southeast Univ. (English ed.) 26 2010 169 172
299. N. Li, W. Yu, and B. Li Assessing adaptive thermal comfort using artificial neural networks in naturally-ventilated buildings Int. J. Vent. 11 2012 205 217
300. S. Fuller, and H. Bulkeley Changing countries, changing climates: achieving thermal comfort through adaptation in everyday activities Area 45 2013 63 69 10.1111/j.1475-4762.2012.01105.x
301. R.-L. Hwang, and C.-P. Chen Field study on behaviors and adaptation of elderly people and their thermal comfort requirements in residential environments Indoor Air 20 2010 235 245 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2010.00649.x
302. N.H.A. Majid, N. Takagi, S. Hokoi, S.N.N. Ekasiwi, and T. Uno Field survey of air conditioner temperature settings in a hot, dry climate (Oman) HVAC&R Res. 20 2014 751 759 10.1080/10789669.2014.953845
303. Z. Wang, L. Zhang, J. Zhao, and Y. He Thermal comfort for naturally ventilated residential buildings in Harbin Energy Build. 42 2010 2406 2415 10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.08.010
304. M. Luo, B. Cao, X. Zhou, M. Li, J. Zhang, Q. Ouyang, and et al. Can personal control influence human thermal comfort?. A field study in residential buildings in China in winter Energy Build. 72 2014 411 418 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.12.057
305. B. Cao, Y. Zhu, M. Li, and Q. Ouyang Individual and district heating: a comparison of residential heating modes with an analysis of adaptive thermal comfort Energy Build. 78 2014 17 24 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.03.063
306. C. Brunsgaard, P. Heiselberg, M.-A. Knudstrup, and T.S. Larsen Evaluation of the indoor environment of comfort houses: qualitative and quantitative approaches Indoor Built Environ. 21 2011 432 451 10.1177/1420326X11431739
307. C. Bae, and C. Chun Research on seasonal indoor thermal environment and residents' control behavior of cooling and heating systems in Korea Build. Environ. 44 2009 2300 2307 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.04.003
308. B. Li, M. Tan, H. Liu, X. Ma, and W. Zhang Occupant's perception and preference of thermal environment in free-running buildings in China Indoor Built Environ. 19 2010 405 412 10.1177/1420326X10377545
309. S.C. Sekhar, and S.E. Goh Thermal comfort and IAQ characteristics of naturally/mechanically ventilated and air-conditioned bedrooms in a hot and humid climate Build. Environ. 46 2011 1905 1916 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.03.012
310. H.B. Rijal, M. Honjo, R. Kobayashi, and T. Nakaya Investigation of comfort temperature, adaptive model and the window-opening behaviour in Japanese houses Archit. Sci. Rev. 56 2013 54 69 10.1080/00038628.2012.744295
311. A.O. Adunola Evaluation of urban residential thermal comfort in relation to indoor and outdoor air temperatures in Ibadan, Nigeria Build. Environ. 75 2014 190 205 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.02.007
312. V. Soebarto, and H. Bennetts Thermal comfort and occupant responses during summer in a low to middle income housing development in South Australia Build. Environ. 75 2014 19 29 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.01.013
313. S. Karjalainen Gender differences in thermal comfort and use of thermostats in everyday thermal environments Build. Environ. 42 2007 1594 1603 10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.01.009
314. S. Karjalainen Thermal comfort and use of thermostats in Finnish homes and offices Build. Environ. 44 2009 1237 1245 10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.09.002
315. S. Karjalainen Thermal comfort and gender: a literature review Indoor Air 22 2012 96 109 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2011.00747.x
316. Z. Wang A field study of the thermal comfort in residential buildings in Harbin Build. Environ. 41 2006 1034 1039 10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.04.020
317. M. Indraganti, and K.D. Rao Effect of age, gender, economic group and tenure on thermal comfort: a field study in residential buildings in hot and dry climate with seasonal variations Energy Build. 42 2010 273 281 10.1016/j.enbuild.2009.09.003
318. C. Peng Survey of thermal comfort in residential buildings under natural conditions in hot humid and cold wet seasons in Nanjing Front. Archit. Civil Eng. China 4 2010 503 511 10.1007/s11709-010-0095-1
319. G. Manioʇlu, and Z. YIlmaz Energy efficient design strategies in the hot dry area of Turkey Build. Environ. 43 2008 1301 1309 10.1016/j.buildenv.2007.03.014
320. A.S. Dili, M.A. Naseer, and T.Z. Varghese Thermal comfort study of Kerala traditional residential buildings based on questionnaire survey among occupants of traditional and modern buildings Energy Build. 42 2010 2139 2150 10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.07.004
321. L.H. Sari, D.J. Harris, and M. Gormley Indoor thermal assessment of post-tsunami housing in Banda Aceh, Indonesia Int. J. Hous. Sci. Appl. 37 2013 161 173
322. M.K. Nematchoua, R. Tchinda, and J.A. Orosa Thermal comfort and energy consumption in modern versus traditional buildings in Cameroon: a questionnaire-based statistical study Appl. Energy 114 2014 687 699 10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.10.036
323. H.B. Rijal, H. Yoshida, and N. Umemiya Seasonal and regional differences in neutral temperatures in Nepalese traditional vernacular houses Build. Environ. 45 2010 2743 2753 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.06.002
324. M.K. Singh, S. Mahapatra, and S.K. Atreya Thermal performance study and evaluation of comfort temperatures in vernacular buildings of North-East India Build. Environ. 45 2010 320 329 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.06.009
325. N. Shinohara, M. Tokumura, M. Kazama, Y. Yonemoto, M. Yoshioka, N. Kagi, and et al. Indoor air quality and thermal comfort in temporary houses occupied after the Great East Japan Earthquake Indoor Air 24 2014 425 437 10.1111/ina.12082
326. N. Djongyang, and R. Tchinda An investigation into thermal comfort and residential thermal environment in an intertropical sub-Saharan Africa region: field study report during the Harmattan season in Cameroon Energy Convers. Manage. 51 2010 1391 1397 10.1016/j.enconman.2010.01.011
327. Y.W. Lim Indoor environmental comfort in Malaysian urban housing Am. J. Environ. Sci. 9 2013 431 438 10.3844/ajessp.2013.431.438
328. M. Kavgic, D. Mumovic, Z. Stevanovic, and A. Young Analysis of thermal comfort and indoor air quality in a mechanically ventilated theatre Energy Build. 40 2008 1334 1343 10.1016/j.enbuild.2007.12.002
329. Y. Hua, Ö. Göçer, and K. Göçer Spatial mapping of occupant satisfaction and indoor environment quality in a LEED platinum campus building Build. Environ. 79 2014 124 137 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.04.029
330. F. Li, and L. Jin Study on thermal comfort in confined space for coalmine refuge Int. J. Appl. Environ. Sci. 8 2013 283 291
331. Y.H. Yau, B.T. Chew, and A.Z.A. Saifullah A field study on thermal comfort of occupants and acceptable neutral temperature at the National Museum in Malaysia Indoor Built Environ. 22 2011 433 444 10.1177/1420326X11429976
332. G.M. Revel, and M. Arnesano Perception of the thermal environment in sports facilities through subjective approach Build. Environ. 77 2014 12 19 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.03.017
333. Q.J. Kwong, S.H. Tang, and N.M. Adam Thermal comfort evaluation of the enclosed transitional space in tropical buildings: subjective response and computational fluid dynamics simulation J. Appl. Sci. 9 2009 3480 3490 10.3923/jas.2009.3480.3490
334. Q. Jie Kwong, and N.M. Adam Perception of thermal comfort in the enclosed transitional space of tropical buildings Indoor Built Environ. 20 2011 524 533 10.1177/1420326X11411136
335. R.-L. Hwang, K.-H. Yang, C.-P. Chen, and S.-T. Wang Subjective responses and comfort reception in transitional spaces for guests versus staff Build. Environ. 43 2008 2013 2021 10.1016/j.buildenv.2007.12.004
336. C. Deb, and A. Ramachandraiah Evaluation of thermal comfort in a rail terminal location in India Build. Environ. 45 2010 2571 2580 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.05.023
337. R.-L. Hwang, M.-J. Cheng, T.-P. Lin, and M.-C. Ho Thermal perceptions, general adaptation methods and occupant's idea about the trade-off between thermal comfort and energy saving in hot-humid regions Build. Environ. 44 2009 1128 1134 10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.08.001
338. S. Wijewardane, and M.T.R. Jayasinghe Thermal comfort temperature range for factory workers in warm humid tropical climates Renewable Energy 33 2008 2057 2063 10.1016/j.renene.2007.11.009
339. A.R. Ismail, S.K. Karagaratnan, and K. Kadirgama Thermal comfort findings: Scenario at Malaysian automotive industry Thermal Science 17 2013 387 396 10.2298/TSCI1111110151
340. E.E. Broday, A.A. de, P. Xavier, and R. de Oliveira Comparative analysis of methods for determining the metabolic rate in order to provide a balance between man and the environment Int. J. Ind. Ergon. 44 2014 570 580 10.1016/j.ergon.2014.05.006
341. H. Kim, C. Chun, A. Kwok, A. Ota, and A. Tamura Cross-city comparison of indoor air temperatures in air-conditioned spaces Indoor Air 21 2011 311 318 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2010.00705.x
342. A. Simone, S. Della Crociata, and F. Martellotta The influence of clothing distribution and local discomfort on the assessment of global thermal comfort Build. Environ. 59 2013 644 653 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.10.001
343. S. Della Crociata, F. Martellotta, and A. Simone A measurement procedure to assess indoor environment quality for hypermarket workers Build. Environ. 47 2012 288 299 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.07.011
344. A. Simone, B.W. Olesen, J.L. Stoops, and A.W. Watkins Thermal comfort in commercial kitchens (RP-1469): procedure and physical measurements (Part 1) HVAC&R Res. 19 2013 1001 1015 10.1080/10789669.2013.840494
345. J.H.K. Lai, and F.W.H. Yik Perceived importance of the quality of the indoor environment in commercial buildings Indoor Built Environ. 16 2007 311 321 10.1177/1420326X07080463
346. J.-Y. Lee, and Y. Tochihara Linguistic dimensions in descriptors expressing thermal sensation in Korean: "warm" projects thermal comfort Int. J. Biometeorol. 54 2010 357 364 10.1007/s00484-009-0287-3
347. Y. Tochihara, J.-Y. Lee, H. Wakabayashi, T. Wijayanto, I. Bakri, and K. Parsons The use of language to express thermal sensation suggests heat acclimatization by Indonesian people Int. J. Biometeorol. 56 2012 1055 1064 10.1007/s00484-011-0519-1
348. Y.H. Yau, and B.T. Chew Thermal comfort study of hospital workers in Malaysia Indoor Air 19 2009 500 510 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2009.00617.x
349. F. Azizpour, S. Moghimi, C.H. Lim, S. Mat, E. Salleh, and K. Sopian A thermal comfort investigation of a facility department of a hospital in hot-humid climate: correlation between objective and subjective measurements Indoor Built Environ. 22 2012 836 845 10.1177/1420326X12460067
350. F. Azizpour, S. Moghimi, E. Salleh, S. Mat, C.H. Lim, and K. Sopian Thermal comfort assessment of large-scale hospitals in tropical climates: a case study of University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) Energy Build. 64 2013 317 322 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.05.033
351. Y. Yau, and B. Chew Adaptive thermal comfort model for air-conditioned hospitals in Malaysia Build. Serv. Eng. Res. Technol. 35 2013 117 138 10.1177/0143624412474829
352. J. Verheyen, N. Theys, L. Allonsius, and F. Descamps Thermal comfort of patients: objective and subjective measurements in patient rooms of a Belgian healthcare facility Build. Environ. 46 2011 1195 1204 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.12.014
353. F. Wang, M. Lee, T. Cheng, and Y. Law Field evaluation of thermal comfort and indoor environment quality for a hospital in a hot and humid climate HVAC&R Res. 2012 671 680 10.1080/10789669.2012.644102
354. R. Van Gaever, V.A. Jacobs, M. Diltoer, L. Peeters, and S. Vanlanduit Thermal comfort of the surgical staff in the operating room Build. Environ. 81 2014 37 41 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.05.036
355. J. Khodakarami, and N. Nasrollahi Thermal comfort in hospitals - a literature review Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev. 16 2012 4071 4077 10.1016/j.rser.2012.03.054
356. J. van Hoof, H.S.M. Kort, J.L.M. Hensen, M.S.H. Duijnstee, and P.G.S. Rutten Thermal comfort and the integrated design of homes for older people with dementia Build. Environ. 45 2010 358 370 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.06.013
357. L.T. Wong, K.N.K. Fong, K.W. Mui, W.W.Y. Wong, and L.W. Lee A field survey of the expected desirable thermal environment for older people Indoor Built Environ. 18 2009 336 345 10.1177/1420326X09337044
358. K.W. Mui, L.T. Wong, K.N.K. Fong, and W.W.Y. Wong Evaluation of indoor environment quality of elderly centers of Hong Kong Int. J. Hous. Sci. Appl. 32 2008 121 131
359. N.D. Dahlan, P.J. Jones, D.K. Alexander, E. Salleh, and J. Alias Evidence base prioritisation of indoor comfort perceptions in Malaysian typical multi-storey hostels Build. Environ. 44 2009 2158 2165 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.03.010
360. S.R.S. Wafi, and M.R. Ismail Occupant's thermal satisfaction a case study in Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM) Hostels Penang, Malaysia Eur. J. Sci. Res. 46 2010 309 319
361. N.D. Dahlan, P.J. Jones, D.K. Alexander, E. Salleh, and D. Dixon Field measurement and subjects' votes assessment on thermal comfort in high-rise hostels in Malaysia Indoor Built Environ. 17 2008 334 345 10.1177/1420326X08094585
362. S. Dhaka, J. Mathur, A. Wagner, G. Das Agarwal, and V. Garg Evaluation of thermal environmental conditions and thermal perception at naturally ventilated hostels of undergraduate students in composite climate Build. Environ. 66 2013 42 53 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.04.015
363. M.C. Guedes, L. Matias, and C.P. Santos Thermal comfort criteria and building design: field work in Portugal Renewable Energy 34 2009 2357 2361 10.1016/j.renene.2009.03.004
364. H. Tsutsumi, S. Tanabe, J. Harigaya, Y. Iguchi, and G. Nakamura Effect of humidity on human comfort and productivity after step changes from warm and humid environment Build. Environ. 42 2007 4034 4042 10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.6.037
365. S.I. Tanabe, N. Nishihara, and M. Haneda Indoor temperature, productivity, and fatigue in office tasks HVAC&R Res. 13 2007 623 633
366. J. Toftum, J. Kolarik, D. Belkowska, and B.W. Olesen Influence on occupant responses of behavioral modification of clothing insulation in nonsteady thermal environments (RP-1269) HVAC&R Res. 2010 59 74
367. M.D. Muller, J. Gunstad, M.L. Alosco, L.A. Miller, J. Updegraff, M.B. Spitznagel, and et al. Acute cold exposure and cognitive function: evidence for sustained impairment Ergonomics 55 2012 792 798 10.1080/00140139.2012.665497
368. W. Cui, G. Cao, J.H. Park, Q. Ouyang, and Y. Zhu Influence of indoor air temperature on human thermal comfort, motivation and performance Build. Environ. 68 2013 114 122 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.06.012
369. W. Cui, G. Cao, Q. Ouyang, and Y. Zhu Influence of dynamic environment with different airflows on human performance Build. Environ. 62 2013 124 132 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.01.008
370. R. Valančius, and A. Jurelionis Influence of indoor air temperature variation on office work performance J. Environ. Eng. Landsc. Manage. 21 2013 19 25 10.3846/16486897.2012.721371
371. H. Zhang, E. Arens, D. Kim, E. Buchberger, F. Bauman, and C. Huizenga Comfort, perceived air quality, and work performance in a low-power task-ambient conditioning system Build. Environ. 45 2010 29 39 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.02.016
372. T. Akimoto, S. Tanabe, T. Yanai, and M. Sasaki Thermal comfort and productivity - evaluation of workplace environment in a task conditioned office Build. Environ. 45 2010 45 50 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.06.022
373. A. Bogdan, A. Łuczak, M. Chludziñska, and M. Zwoliñska The effect of personalized ventilation on work productivity Int. J. Vent. 11 2012 91 102
374. S. Ngarmpornprasert, and W. Koetsinchai The effect of air-conditioning on worker productivity in office buildings: a case study in Thailand Build. Simul. 3 2010 165 177 10.1007/s12273-010-0410-8
375. K.W. Tham, and H.C. Willem Room air temperature affects occupants' physiology, perceptions and mental alertness Build. Environ. 45 2010 40 44 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.04.002
376. N. Kakitsuba, and M.D. White Effect of change in ambient temperature on core temperature during the daytime Int. J. Biometeorol. 58 2014 901 907 10.1007/s00484-013-0673-8
377. P. Kekäläinen, R. Niemelä, M. Tuomainen, S. Kemppilä, J. Palonen, H. Riuttala, and et al. Effect of reduced summer indoor temperature on symptoms, perceived work environment and productivity in office work: an intervention study Intell. Build. Int. 2 2010 251 266 10.3763/inbi.2010.0051
378. S. Tanabe, K. Kobayashi, O. Kiyota, N. Nishihara, and M. Haneda The effect of indoor thermal environment on productivity by a year-long survey of a call centre Intell. Build. Int. 1 2009 184 194 10.3763/inbi.2009.0005
379. M.C. Lee, K.W. Mui, L.T. Wong, W.Y. Chan, E.W.M. Lee, and C.T. Cheung Student learning performance and indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in air-conditioned university teaching rooms Build. Environ. 49 2012 238 244 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.10.001
380. M.H. Issa, J.H. Rankin, M. Attalla, and A.J. Christian Absenteeism, performance and occupant satisfaction with the indoor environment of Green Toronto Schools Indoor Built Environ. 20 2011 511 523 10.1177/1420326X11409114
381. L. Lan, P. Wargocki, D.P. Wyon, and Z. Lian Effects of thermal discomfort in an office on perceived air quality, SBS symptoms, physiological responses, and human performance Indoor Air 21 2011 376 390 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2011.00714.x
382. L. Lan, P. Wargocki, and Z. Lian Quantitative measurement of productivity loss due to thermal discomfort Energy Build. 43 2011 1057 1062 10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.09.001
383. J.L. Leyten, and S.R. Kurvers Limitations of climate chamber studies into thermal comfort and workers' performance - Letter to the editor Indoor Air 23 2013 439 440 10.1111/ina.12034
384. L. Lan, P. Wargocki, D.P. Wyon, and Z. Lian Warmth and performance: reply to the letter from Leyten and Kurvers (2013) - Letter to the editor Indoor Air 23 2013 437 438 10.1111/ina.12033
385. J.L. Leyten, S.R. Kurvers, and A.K. Raue Temperature, thermal sensation and workers' performance in air-conditioned and free-running environments, Archit. Sci. Rev. 56 2013 14 21 10.1080/00038628.2012.745391
386. D.P. Wyon, and P. Wargocki The Adaptive Thermal Comfort model may not always predict thermal effects on performance - Letter to the editor Indoor Air 24 2014 552 553 10.1111/ina.12098
387. R.J. de Dear, T. Akimoto, E. a Arens, G. Brager, C. Cândido, K.W.D. Cheong, and et al. Progress in thermal comfort research over the last twenty years Indoor Air 23 2013 442 461 10.1111/ina.12046
388. R. de Dear, E.A. Arens, C. Cândido, G. Brager, H. Zhang, and J. Toftum Indoor temperatures for optimum thermal comfort and human performance - reply to the letter by Wyon and Wargocki - Letter to the editor Indoor Air 24 2014 554 555 10.1111/ina.12106
389. Z.J. Schlader, S.R. Stannard, and T. Mündel Human thermoregulatory behavior during rest and exercise - a prospective review Physiol. Behav. 99 2010 269 275 10.1016/j.physbeh.2009.12.003
390. Y. Cheng, J. Niu, and N. Gao Thermal comfort models: a review and numerical investigation Build. Environ. 47 2012 13 22 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.05.011
391. D. Fiala, A. Psikuta, G. Jendritzky, S. Paulke, D.A. Nelson, W.D. Van Marken Lichtenbelt, and et al. Physiological modeling for technical, clinical and research applications, Front. Biosci. - Scholar 2 S 2010 939 968
392. W.D. van Marken Lichtenbelt, A.J.H. Frijns, M.J. van Ooijen, D. Fiala, A.M. Kester, and A. a van Steenhoven Validation of an individualised model of human thermoregulation for predicting responses to cold air Int. J. Biometeorol. 51 2007 169 179 10.1007/s00484-006-0060-9
393. Y. Kobayashi, and S. Tanabe Development of JOS-2 human thermoregulation model with detailed vascular system Build. Environ. 66 2013 1 10 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.04.013
394. H. Zhang, E. Arens, C. Huizenga, and T. Han Thermal sensation and comfort models for non-uniform and transient environments: Part I: Local sensation of individual body parts Build. Environ. 45 2010 380 388 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.06.018
395. H. Zhang, E. Arens, C. Huizenga, and T. Han Thermal sensation and comfort models for non-uniform and transient environments, Part II: Local comfort of individual body parts Build. Environ. 45 2010 389 398 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.06.015
396. H. Zhang, E. Arens, C. Huizenga, and T. Han Thermal sensation and comfort models for non-uniform and transient environments, Part III: Whole-body sensation and comfort, Build. Environ. 45 2010 399 410 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.06.020
397. Y. Zhao, H. Zhang, E.a. Arens, and Q. Zhao Thermal sensation and comfort models for non-uniform and transient environments, Part IV: Adaptive neutral setpoints and smoothed whole-body sensation model Build. Environ. 72 2014 300 308 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.11.004
398. M. Fu, T. Yu, H. Zhang, E. Arens, W. Weng, and H. Yuan A model of heat and moisture transfer through clothing integrated with the UC Berkeley comfort model Build. Environ. 80 2014 96 104 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.05.028
399. Q. Jin, X. Li, L. Duanmu, H. Shu, Y. Sun, and Q. Ding Predictive model of local and overall thermal sensations for non-uniform environments Build. Environ. 51 2012 330 344 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.12.005
400. R. Yao, B. Li, and J. Liu A theoretical adaptive model of thermal comfort - Adaptive Predicted Mean Vote (aPMV) Build. Environ. 44 2009 2089 2096 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.02.014
401. F. Haldi, and D. Robinson On the unification of thermal perception and adaptive actions Build. Environ. 45 2010 2440 2457 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.05.010
402. A. Zolfaghari, and M. Maerefat A new simplified model for evaluating non-uniform thermal sensation caused by wearing clothing Build. Environ. 45 2010 776 783 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.08.015
403. E. Foda, and K. Sirén A new approach using the Pierce two-node model for different body parts Int. J. Biometeorol. 55 2011 519 532 10.1007/s00484-010-0375-4
404. E. Foda, and K. Sirén A thermal manikin with human thermoregulatory control: implementation and validation Int. J. Biometeorol. 56 2012 959 971 10.1007/s00484-011-0506-6
405. A. Zolfaghari, and M. Maerefat A new predictive index for evaluating both thermal sensation and thermal response of the human body Build. Environ. 46 2011 855 862 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.10.011
406. J.A. Orosa, and A.C. Oliveira A new thermal comfort approach comparing adaptive and PMV models Renewable Energy 36 2011 951 956 10.1016/j.renene.2010.09.013
407. B.R.M. Kingma, L. Schellen, A.J.H. Frijns, and W.D. van Marken Lichtenbelt Thermal sensation: a mathematical model based on neurophysiology Indoor Air 22 2012 253 262 10.1111/j.1600-0668.2011.00758.x
408. S. Takada, S. Matsumoto, and T. Matsushita Prediction of whole-body thermal sensation in the non-steady state based on skin temperature Build. Environ. 68 2013 123 133 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.06.004
409. J. Langevin, J. Wen, and P.L. Gurian Modeling thermal comfort holistically: Bayesian estimation of thermal sensation, acceptability, and preference distributions for office building occupants Build. Environ. 69 2013 206 226 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.07.017
410. S. Wu, and J.-Q. Sun Two-stage regression model of thermal comfort in office buildings Build. Environ. 57 2012 88 96 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.04.014
411. Q. Zhao, Y. Zhao, F. Wang, J. Wang, Y. Jiang, and F. Zhang A data-driven method to describe the personalized dynamic thermal comfort in ordinary office environment: from model to application Build. Environ. 72 2014 309 318 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.11.008
412. M.V. Jokl A methodology for the comprehensive evaluation of the indoor climate based on human body response: Evaluation of the hygrothermal microclimate based on human psychology Energy Build. 85 2014 458 463 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.09.061
413. J.T. Kim, J.H. Lim, S.H. Cho, and G.Y. Yun Development of the adaptive PMV model for improving prediction performances Energy Build. 98 2015 100 105 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.08.051
414. E. Foda, I. Almesri, H.B. Awbi, and K. Sirén Models of human thermoregulation and the prediction of local and overall thermal sensations Build. Environ. 46 2011 2023 2032 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.04.010
415. L. Schellen, M.G.L.C. Loomans, B.R.M. Kingma, M.H. de Wit, a.J.H. Frijns, and W.D. van Marken Lichtenbelt The use of a thermophysiological model in the built environment to predict thermal sensation Build. Environ. 59 2013 10 22 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.07.010
416. C.E.K. Mady, M.S. Ferreira, J.I. Yanagihara, and S. de Oliveira Human body exergy analysis and the assessment of thermal comfort conditions Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 77 2014 577 584 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2014.05.039
417. M. Ala-Juusela, and M. Shukuya Human body exergy consumption and thermal comfort of an office worker in typical and extreme weather conditions in Finland Energy Build. 76 2014 249 257 10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.02.067
418. H. Caliskan Energetic and exergetic comparison of the human body for the summer season, Energy Convers. Manage. 76 2013 169 176 10.1016/j.enconman.2013.7.045
419. M. Schweiker, and M. Shukuya Adaptive comfort from the viewpoint of human body exergy consumption Build. Environ. 51 2012 351 360 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.11.012
420. J.A. Rabi, R.L. Silva, and C.E.L. Oliveira Human thermal comfort: an irreversibility-based approach emulating empirical clothed-body correlations and the conceptual energy balance equation J. Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 34 2012 450 458 10.1590/S1678-58782012000400005
421. N.A. Matjaž, N.A. Prek, and V. Butala An enhanced thermal comfort model based on the exergy analysis approach Int. J. Exergy 10 2012 190 10.1504/IJEX.2012.045865
422. M. Prek Thermodynamical analysis of human thermal comfort Energy 31 2006 732 743 10.1016/j.energy.2005.05.001
423. M. Prek, and V. Butala Principles of exergy analysis of human heat and mass exchange with the indoor environment Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer 53 2010 5806 5814 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2010.08.003
424. M. Shukuya Exergy concept and its application to the built environment, Build. Environ. 44 2009 1545 1550 10.1016/j.buildenv.2008.06.019
425. L. Chen, and E. Ng Outdoor thermal comfort and outdoor activities: a review of research in the past decade Cities 29 2012 118 125 10.1016/j.cities.2011.08.006
426. K. Nagano, and T. Horikoshi Development of outdoor thermal index indicating universal and separate effects on human thermal comfort Int. J. Biometeorol. 55 2011 219 227 10.1007/s00484-010-0327-z
427. K. Nagano, and T. Horikoshi New index indicating the universal and separate effects on human comfort under outdoor and non-uniform thermal conditions Energy Build. 43 2011 1694 1701 10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.03.012
428. G. Jendritzky, R. de Dear, and G. Havenith UTCI - why another thermal index? Int. J. Biometeorol. 56 2012 421 428 10.1007/s00484-011-0513-7
429. N.A. Kenny, J.S. Warland, R.D. Brown, and T.G. Gillespie Part A: Assessing the performance of the COMFA outdoor thermal comfort model on subjects performing physical activity Int. J. Biometeorol. 53 2009 415 428 10.1007/s00484-009-0226-3
430. J.K. Vanos, J.S. Warland, T.J. Gillespie, and N.A. Kenny Thermal comfort modelling of body temperature and psychological variations of a human exercising in an outdoor environment Int. J. Biometeorol. 56 2012 21 32 10.1007/s00484-010-0393-2
431. N.A. Kenny, J.S. Warland, R.D. Brown, and T.G. Gillespie Part B: Revisions to the COMFA outdoor thermal comfort model for application to subjects performing physical activity Int. J. Biometeorol. 53 2009 429 441 10.1007/s00484-009-0227-2
432. I. Knez, S. Thorsson, I. Eliasson, and F. Lindberg Psychological mechanisms in outdoor place and weather assessment: towards a conceptual model Int. J. Biometeorol. 53 2009 101 111 10.1007/s00484-008-0194-z
433. Y. Kurazumi, K. Fukagawa, Y. Yamato, K. Tobita, E. Kondo, T. Tsuchikawa, and et al. Enhanced conduction-corrected modified effective temperature as the outdoor thermal environment evaluation index upon the human body Build. Environ. 46 2011 12 21 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.06.012
434. Y. Kurazumi, T. Tsuchikawa, E. Kondo, T. Horikoshi, and N. Matsubara Conduction-corrected modified effective temperature as the indices of combined and separate effect of environmental factors on sensational temperature Energy Build. 42 2010 441 448 10.1016/j.enbuild.2009.10.012
435. Y. Kurazumi, T. Tsuchikawa, N. Matsubara, E. Kondo, and T. Horikoshi Evaluation of enhanced conduction-corrected modified effective temperature ETFe as the outdoor thermal environment evaluation index Energy Build. 43 2011 2926 2938 10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.07.019
436. Y. Kurazumi, E. Kondo, J. Ishii, T. Sakoi, K. Fukagawa, Z.D. Bolashikov, and et al. Effect of the environmental stimuli upon the human body in winter outdoor thermal environment J. Environ. Public Health 2013 418742 10.1155/2013/418742 2013
437. Y. Kurazumi, J. Ishii, E. Kondo, K. Fukagawa, Z.D. Bolashikov, T. Sakoi, and et al. The influence of outdoor thermal environment on young Japanese females Int. J. Biometeorol. 58 2014 963 974 10.1007/s00484-013-0681-8
438. M. Nikolopoulou, and S. Lykoudis Thermal comfort in outdoor urban spaces: analysis across different European countries Build. Environ. 41 2006 1455 1470 10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.05.031
439. A. Tseliou, I.X. Tsiros, S. Lykoudis, and M. Nikolopoulou An evaluation of three biometeorological indices for human thermal comfort in urban outdoor areas under real climatic conditions Build. Environ. 45 2010 1346 1352 10.1016/j.buildenv.200911.009
440. I. Knez, and S. Thorsson Influences of culture and environmental attitude on thermal, emotional and perceptual evaluations of a public square Int. J. Biometeorol. 50 2006 258 268 10.1007/s00484-006-0024-0
441. I. Knez, and S. Thorsson Thermal, emotional and perceptual evaluations of a park: cross-cultural and environmental attitude comparisons Build. Environ. 43 2008 1483 1490 10.1016/j.buildenv.2007.08.002
442. S. Oliveira, and H. Andrade An initial assessment of the bioclimatic comfort in an outdoor public space in Lisbon Int. J. Biometeorol. 52 2007 69 84 10.1007/s00484-007-0100-0
443. S. Thorsson, T. Honjo, F. Lindberg, I. Eliasson, and E.-M. Lim Thermal comfort and outdoor activity in japanese urban public places Environ. Behav. 39 2007 660 684 10.1177/0013916506294937
444. M. Nakayoshi, M. Kanda, R. Shi, and R. de Dear Outdoor thermal physiology along human pathways: a study using a wearable measurement system Int. J. Biometeorol. 2014 10.1007/s00484-014-0864-y
445. B.-J. Park, K. Furuya, T. Kasetani, N. Takayama, T. Kagawa, and Y. Miyazaki Relationship between psychological responses and physical environments in forest settings Landsc. Urban Plann. 102 2011 24 32 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2011.03.005
446. T.-P. Lin Thermal perception, adaptation and attendance in a public square in hot and humid regions Build. Environ. 44 2009 2017 2026 10.1016/j.buildenv.2009.02.004
447. R.-L. Hwang, T.-P. Lin, M.-J. Cheng, and J.-H. Lo Adaptive comfort model for tree-shaded outdoors in Taiwan Build. Environ. 45 2010 1873 1879 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.02.021
448. M.J. Cheng, J.H. Lo, and S.Y. Chen Investigation of the effect of climatic adaptation on users' thermal comfort requirement in outdoor space Int. J. Phys. Sci. 6 2011 6042 6052
449. C.-H. Lin, T.-P. Lin, and R.-L. Hwang Thermal comfort for urban parks in subtropics: understanding visitor's perceptions, behavior and attendance Adv. Meteorol. 2013 1 8 10.1155/2013/640473 2013
450. T.-P. Lin, K.-T. Tsai, C.-C. Liao, and Y.-C. Huang Effects of thermal comfort and adaptation on park attendance regarding different shading levels and activity types Build. Environ. 59 2013 599 611 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.10.005
451. F. Aljawabra, and M. Nikolopoulou Influence of hot arid climate on the use of outdoor urban spaces and thermal comfort: do cultural and social backgrounds matter? Intell. Build. Int. 2 2010 198 207 10.3763/inbi.2010.0046
452. S. Lenzholzer Engrained experience - a comparison of microclimate perception schemata and microclimate measurements in Dutch urban squares Int. J. Biometeorol. 54 2010 141 150 10.1007/s00484-009-0262-z
453. S. Lenzholzer, and N.Y. van der Wulp Thermal experience and perception of the built environment in Dutch urban squares J. Urban Design 15 2010 375 401 10.1080/13574809.2010.488030
454. S. Lenzholzer, and J. Koh Immersed in microclimatic space: microclimate experience and perception of spatial configurations in Dutch squares Landsc. Urban Plann. 95 2010 1 15 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2009.10.013
455. K. Ghali, N. Ghaddar, and M. Bizri The influence of wind on outdoor thermal comfort in the city of Beirut: a theoretical and field study HVAC&R Res. 17 2011 813 828 10.1080/10789669.2011.607746
456. X.C. Bai, and L. Yang Research on ecological landscape design method based on thermal comfort in urban square J. Harbin Inst. Technol. (New Series) 18 2011 94 97
457. T. Xi, Q. Li, A. Mochida, and Q. Meng Study on the outdoor thermal environment and thermal comfort around campus clusters in subtropical urban areas Build. Environ. 52 2012 162 170 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.11.006
458. J. Yin, Y. Zheng, R. Wu, J. Tan, D. Ye, and W. Wang An analysis of influential factors on outdoor thermal comfort in summer Int. J. Biometeorol. 56 2012 941 948 10.1007/s00484-011-0503-9
459. Y. Zeng, and L. Dong Thermal human biometeorological conditions and subjective thermal sensation in pedestrian streets in Chengdu, China Int. J. Biometeorol. 59 2015 99 108 10.1007/s00484-014-0883-8
460. D. Lai, D. Guo, Y. Hou, C. Lin, and Q. Chen Studies of outdoor thermal comfort in northern China Build. Environ. 77 2014 110 118 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.03.026
461. D. Lai, C. Zhou, J. Huang, Y. Jiang, Z. Long, and Q. Chen Outdoor space quality: a field study in an urban residential community in central China Energy Build. 68 2014 713 720 10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.02.051
462. W. Yang, Y. Lin, N.H. Wong, and J. Zhou Thermal comfort requirements in the summer season in subtropical urban spaces Intell. Build. Int. 6 2014 224 238 10.1080/17508975.2014.933698
463. A.H.A. Mahmoud Analysis of the microclimatic and human comfort conditions in an urban park in hot and arid regions Build. Environ. 46 2011 2641 2656 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.06.025
464. E.L. Krüger, F.O. Minella, and F. Rasia Impact of urban geometry on outdoor thermal comfort and air quality from field measurements in Curitiba, Brazil Build. Environ. 46 2011 621 634 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.09.006
465. E.L. Krüger, and F.A. Rossi Effect of personal and microclimatic variables on observed thermal sensation from a field study in southern Brazil Build. Environ. 46 2011 690 697 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.09.013
466. P. Bröde, E.L. Krüger, F.A. Rossi, and D. Fiala Predicting urban outdoor thermal comfort by the Universal Thermal Climate Index UTCI - a case study in Southern Brazil Int. J. Biometeorol. 56 2012 471 480 10.1007/s00484-011-0452-3
467. V. Cheng, E. Ng, C. Chan, and B. Givoni Outdoor thermal comfort study in a sub-tropical climate: a longitudinal study based in Hong Kong Int. J. Biometeorol. 56 2012 43 56 10.1007/s00484-010-0396-z
468. E. Ng, and V. Cheng Urban human thermal comfort in hot and humid Hong Kong Energy Build. 55 2012 51 65 10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.09.025
469. N. Kántor, L. Egerházi, and J. Unger Subjective estimation of thermal environment in recreational urban spaces - Part 1: Investigations in Szeged, Hungary Int. J. Biometeorol. 56 2012 1075 1088 10.1007/s00484-012-0523-0
470. N. Kántor, J. Unger, and A. Gulyás Subjective estimations of thermal environment in recreational urban spaces - Part 2: International comparison Int. J. Biometeorol. 56 2012 1089 1101 10.1007/s00484-012-0564-4
471. N. Makaremi, E. Salleh, M.Z. Jaafar, and A. GhaffarianHoseini Thermal comfort conditions of shaded outdoor spaces in hot and humid climate of Malaysia Build. Environ. 48 2012 7 14 10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.07.024
472. M.F. Md Din, Y.Y. Lee, M. Ponraj, D.R. Ossen, K. Iwao, and S. Chelliapan Thermal comfort of various building layouts with a proposed discomfort index range for tropical climate J. Therm. Biol. 41 2014 6 15 10.1016/j.jtherbio.2014.01.004
473. K. Pantavou, M. Santamouris, D. Asimakopoulos, and G. Theoharatos Evaluating the performance of bioclimatic indices on quantifying thermal sensation for pedestrians Adv. Build. Energy Res. 7 2013 170 185 10.1080/17512549.2013.865557
474. K. Pantavou, G. Theoharatos, M. Santamouris, and D. Asimakopoulos Outdoor thermal sensation of pedestrians in a Mediterranean climate and a comparison with UTCI Build. Environ. 66 2013 82 95 10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.02.014
475. K. Pantavou, E. Chatzi, and G. Theoharatos Case study of skin temperature and thermal perception in a hot outdoor environment Int. J. Biometeorol. 58 2014 1163 1173 10.1007/s00484-013-0708-1
476. K. Pantavou, M. Santamouris, D. Asimakopoulos, and G. Theoharatos Empirical calibration of thermal indices in an urban outdoor Mediterranean environment Build. Environ. 80 2014 283 292 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.06.001
477. M. Tsitoura, T. Tsoutsos, and T. Daras Evaluation of comfort conditions in urban open spaces. Application in the island of Crete Energy Convers. Manage. 86 2014 250 258 10.1016/j.enconman.2014.4.059
478. M.W. Yahia, and E. Johansson Evaluating the behaviour of different thermal indices by investigating various outdoor urban environments in the hot dry city of Damascus, Syria Int. J. Biometeorol. 57 2013 615 630 10.1007/s00484-012-0589-8
479. E. Krüger, P. Drach, R. Emmanuel, and O. Corbella Assessment of daytime outdoor comfort levels in and outside the urban area of Glasgow, UK Int. J. Biometeorol. 57 2013 521 533 10.1007/s00484-012-0578-y
480. W. Yang, N.H. Wong, and S.K. Jusuf Thermal comfort in outdoor urban spaces in Singapore Build. Environ. 59 2013 426 435 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.09.008
481. W. Yang, and N.H. Wong Field study of human thermal perception in urban parks in Singapore Int. J. Sustainable Build. Technol. Urban Dev. 4 2013 125 133 10.1080/2093761X.2013.768184
482. M.A. Ruiz, and E.N. Correa Suitability of different comfort indices for the prediction of thermal conditions in tree-covered outdoor spaces in arid cities Theor. Appl. Climatol. 2014 10.1007/s00704-014-1279-8
483. K. Villadiego, and M.A. Velay-Dabat Outdoor thermal comfort in a hot and humid climate of Colombia: a field study in Barranquilla Build. Environ. 75 2014 142 152 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.01.017
484. M. Rutty, and D. Scott Bioclimatic comfort and the thermal perceptions and preferences of beach tourists Int. J. Biometeorol. 59 2015 37 45 10.1007/s00484-014-0820-x
485. D. Pearlmutter, D. Jiao, and Y. Garb The relationship between bioclimatic thermal stress and subjective thermal sensation in pedestrian spaces Int. J. Biometeorol. 58 2014 2111 2127 10.1007/s00484-014-0812-x
486. S. Watanabe, T. Horikoshi, J. Ishii, and A. Tomita The measurement of the solar absorptance of the clothed human body - the case of Japanese, college-aged male subjects Build. Environ. 59 2013 492 500 10.1016/j.buildenv.2012.09.018
487. C.-H. Tung, C.-P. Chen, K.-T. Tsai, N. Kántor, R.-L. Hwang, A. Matzarakis, and et al. Outdoor thermal comfort characteristics in the hot and humid region from a gender perspective Int. J. Biometeorol. 58 2014 1927 1939 10.1007/s00484-014-0795-7
488. V. Cheng, and E. Ng Thermal comfort in urban open spaces for Hong Kong Archit. Sci. Rev. 49 2006 236 242
489. M. Nikolopoulou Outdoor thermal comfort Front. Biosci. - Scholar 3 S 2011 1552 1568
490. N. Kántor, and J. Unger The most problematic variable in the course of human-biometeorological comfort assessment - the mean radiant temperature Cent. Eur. J. Geosci. 3 2011 90 100 10.2478/s13533-011-0010-x
491. E. Johansson, S. Thorsson, R. Emmanuel, and E. Krüger Instruments and methods in outdoor thermal comfort studies - the need for standardization Urban Clim. 10 2014 346 366 10.1016/j.uclim.2013.12.002
492. Q.J. Kwong, and N.M. Adam Energy efficiency potential in tropical buildings - perspective of an enclosed transitional zone Int. Energy J. 11 2010 111 122
493. R.L. Hwang, and T.P. Lin Thermal comfort requirements for occupants of semi-outdoor and outdoor environments in hot-humid regions Archit. Sci. Rev. 50 2007 357 364
494. T.-P. Lin, R. de Dear, and R.-L. Hwang Effect of thermal adaptation on seasonal outdoor thermal comfort Int. J. Climatol. 31 2011 302 312 10.1002/joc.2120
495. Z. Zhou, H. Chen, Q. Deng, and A. Mochida A field study of thermal comfort in outdoor and semi-outdoor environments in a humid subtropical climate city J. Asian Archit. Build. Eng. 12 2013 73 79 10.3130/jaabe.12.73
496. S. Watanabe, K. Nagano, J. Ishii, and T. Horikoshi Evaluation of outdoor thermal comfort in sunlight, building shade, and pergola shade during summer in a humid subtropical region, Build. Environ. 82 2014 556 565 10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.10.002
497. N.H. Wong, and A.Z.M. Chong Performance evaluation of misting fans in hot and humid climate Build. Environ. 45 2010 2666 2678 10.1016/j.buildenv.2010.05.026
498. N. Ghaddar, K. Ghali, and S. Chehaitly Assessing thermal comfort of active people in transitional spaces in presence of air movement Energy Build. 43 2011 2832 2842 10.1016/j.enbuild.2011.06.040