Circulating RNAs as new biomarkers for detecting pancreatic cancer

World Journal of Gastroenterology

Volumn 21, Issue 28, 2015, Pages 8527-8540

  Kishikawa, Takahiro ^a   Otsuka, Motoyuki ^a,b   Ohno, Motoko ^a   Yoshikawa, Takeshi ^a   Takata, Akemi ^a   Koike, Kazuhiko ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO   (Japan)

^b JAPAN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AGENCY   (Japan)

Author keywords

Biomarkers; Early detection; MicroRNA; Non coding RNA; Pancreatic cancer

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CIRCULATING RNA; HOTAIR PROTEIN; LONG UNTRANSLATED RNA; MALAT1 PROTEIN; MESSENGER RNA; NUCLEIC ACID; PIWI INTERACTING RNA; PROTEIN; RIBONUCLEASE; SMALL NUCLEOLAR RNA; SMALL UNTRANSLATED RNA; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UNTRANSLATED RNA; RNA; TUMOR MARKER;

CANCER DIAGNOSIS; CANCER MORTALITY; CANCER PATIENT; CANCER PROGNOSIS; CANCER STAGING; CELLS; EARLY DIAGNOSIS; ENVIRONMENTAL FACTOR; HUMAN; INFLAMMATION; PANCREAS CANCER; PRECANCER; PROTEIN ANALYSIS; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PROTEIN FUNCTION; QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS; REVIEW; RNA SPLICING; UPREGULATION; BLOOD; EARLY CANCER DIAGNOSIS; GENETICS; MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS; PANCREAS TUMOR; PATHOLOGY; PREDICTIVE VALUE; PROCEDURES; PROGNOSIS;

BIOMARKERS, TUMOR; EARLY DETECTION OF CANCER; HUMANS; MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES; PANCREATIC NEOPLASMS; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PROGNOSIS; RNA; RNA, MESSENGER; RNA, UNTRANSLATED;

EID: 84937958159     PISSN: 10079327     EISSN: 22192840     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v21.i28.8527     Document Type: Review

References (160)

1. Siegel R, Naishadham D, Jemal A. Cancer statistics, 2013. CA Cancer J Clin 2013; 63: 11-30 [PMID: 23335087 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21166]
2. Costello E, Greenhalf W, Neoptolemos JP. New biomarkers and targets in pancreatic cancer and their application to treatment. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2012; 9: 435-444 [PMID: 22733351 DOI: 10.1038/nrgastro.2012.119]
3. Locker GY, Hamilton S, Harris J, Jessup JM, Kemeny N, Macdonald JS, Somerfield MR, Hayes DF, Bast RC. ASCO 2006 update of recommendations for the use of tumor markers in gastrointestinal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24: 5313-5327 [PMID: 17060676 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2006.08.2644]
4. Simeone DM, Ji B, Banerjee M, Arumugam T, Li D, Anderson MA, Bamberger AM, Greenson J, Brand RE, Ramachandran V, Logsdon CD. CEACAM1, a novel serum biomarker for pancreatic cancer. Pancreas 2007; 34: 436-443 [PMID: 17446843 DOI: 10.1097/MPA.0b013e3180333ae3]
5. Gold DV, Modrak DE, Ying Z, Cardillo TM, Sharkey RM, Goldenberg DM. New MUC1 serum immunoassay differentiates pancreatic cancer from pancreatitis. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24: 252-258 [PMID: 16344318 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.02.8282]
6. Takayama R, Nakagawa H, Sawaki A, Mizuno N, Kawai H, Tajika M, Yatabe Y, Matsuo K, Uehara R, Ono K, Nakamura Y, Yamao K. Serum tumor antigen REG4 as a diagnostic biomarker in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J Gastroenterol 2010; 45: 52-59 [PMID: 19789838 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-009-0114-y]
7. Brand RE, Nolen BM, Zeh HJ, Allen PJ, Eloubeidi MA, Goldberg M, Elton E, Arnoletti JP, Christein JD, Vickers SM, Langmead CJ, Landsittel DP, Whitcomb DC, Grizzle WE, Lokshin AE. Serum biomarker panels for the detection of pancreatic cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2011; 17: 805-816 [PMID: 21325298 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-10-0248]
8. He XY, Liu BY, Yao WY, Zhao XJ, Zheng Z, Li JF, Yu BQ, Yuan YZ. Serum DJ-1 as a diagnostic marker and prognostic factor for pancreatic cancer. J Dig Dis 2011; 12: 131-137 [PMID: 21401899 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-2980.2011.00488.x]
9. Leon SA, Shapiro B, Sklaroff DM, Yaros MJ. Free DNA in the serum of cancer patients and the effect of therapy. Cancer Res 1977; 37: 646-650 [PMID: 837366]
10. Sorenson GD, Pribish DM, Valone FH, Memoli VA, Bzik DJ, Yao SL. Soluble normal and mutated DNA sequences from single-copy genes in human blood. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1994; 3: 67-71 [PMID: 8118388]
11. Vasioukhin V, Anker P, Maurice P, Lyautey J, Lederrey C, Stroun M. Point mutations of the N-ras gene in the blood plasma DNA of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome or acute myelogenous leukaemia. Br J Haematol 1994; 86: 774-779 [PMID: 7918071]
12. Bardeesy N, DePinho RA. Pancreatic cancer biology and genetics. Nat Rev Cancer 2002; 2: 897-909 [PMID: 12459728 DOI: 10.1038/nrc949]
13. Sorenson GD. Detection of mutated KRAS2 sequences as tumor markers in plasma/serum of patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2000; 6: 2129-2137 [PMID: 10873061]
14. Chan KC, Jiang P, Zheng YW, Liao GJ, Sun H, Wong J, Siu SS, Chan WC, Chan SL, Chan AT, Lai PB, Chiu RW, Lo YM. Cancer genome scanning in plasma: detection of tumor-associated copy number aberrations, single-nucleotide variants, and tumoral heterogeneity by massively parallel sequencing. Clin Chem 2013; 59: 211-224 [PMID: 23065472 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2012.196014]
15. Murtaza M, Dawson SJ, Tsui DW, Gale D, Forshew T, Piskorz AM, Parkinson C, Chin SF, Kingsbury Z, Wong AS, Marass F, Humphray S, Hadfield J, Bentley D, Chin TM, Brenton JD, Caldas C, Rosenfeld N. Non-invasive analysis of acquired resistance to cancer therapy by sequencing of plasma DNA. Nature 2013; 497: 108-112 [PMID: 23563269 DOI: 10.1038/nature12065]
16. Funaki NO, Tanaka J, Kasamatsu T, Ohshio G, Hosotani R, Okino T, Imamura M. Identification of carcinoembryonic antigen mRNA in circulating peripheral blood of pancreatic carcinoma and gastric carcinoma patients. Life Sci 1996; 59: 2187-2199 [PMID: 8950323]
17. Lo KW, Lo YM, Leung SF, Tsang YS, Chan LY, Johnson PJ, Hjelm NM, Lee JC, Huang DP. Analysis of cell-free Epstein-Barr virus associated RNA in the plasma of patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Clin Chem 1999; 45: 1292-1294 [PMID: 10430801]
18. Kopreski MS, Benko FA, Kwak LW, Gocke CD. Detection of tumor messenger RNA in the serum of patients with malignant melanoma. Clin Cancer Res 1999; 5: 1961-1965 [PMID: 10473072]
19. Reddi KK, Holland JF. Elevated serum ribonuclease in patients with pancreatic cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1976; 73: 2308-2310 [PMID: 1065880]
20. Tsui NB, Ng EK, Lo YM. Stability of endogenous and added RNA in blood specimens, serum, and plasma. Clin Chem 2002; 48: 1647-1653 [PMID: 12324479]
21. Hasselmann DO, Rappl G, Tilgen W, Reinhold U. Extracellular tyrosinase mRNA within apoptotic bodies is protected from degradation in human serum. Clin Chem 2001; 47: 1488-1489 [PMID: 11468248]
22. Fleischhacker M, Beinert T, Ermitsch M, Seferi D, Possinger K, Engelmann C, Jandrig B. Detection of amplifiable messenger RNA in the serum of patients with lung cancer. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001; 945: 179-188 [PMID: 11708476]
23. Gal S, Fidler C, Lo YM, Chin K, Moore J, Harris AL, Wainscoat JS. Detection of mammaglobin mRNA in the plasma of breast cancer patients. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2001; 945: 192-194 [PMID: 11708478]
24. Silva JM, Dominguez G, Silva J, Garcia JM, Sanchez A, Rodriguez O, Provencio M, España P, Bonilla F. Detection of epithelial messenger RNA in the plasma of breast cancer patients is associated with poor prognosis tumor characteristics. Clin Cancer Res 2001; 7: 2821-2825 [PMID: 11555599]
25. Ng EK, Tsui NB, Lam NY, Chiu RW, Yu SC, Wong SC, Lo ES, Rainer TH, Johnson PJ, Lo YM. Presence of filterable and nonfilterable mRNA in the plasma of cancer patients and healthy individuals. Clin Chem 2002; 48: 1212-1217 [PMID: 12142376]
26. Silva JM, Rodriguez R, Garcia JM, Muñoz C, Silva J, Dominguez G, Provencio M, España P, Bonilla F. Detection of epithelial tumour RNA in the plasma of colon cancer patients is associated with advanced stages and circulating tumour cells. Gut 2002; 50: 530-534 [PMID: 11889075]
27. Wong SC, Lo SF, Cheung MT, Ng KO, Tse CW, Lai BS, Lee KC, Lo YM. Quantification of plasma beta-catenin mRNA in colorectal cancer and adenoma patients. Clin Cancer Res 2004; 10: 1613-1617 [PMID: 15014011]
28. Garcia V, García JM, Peña C, Silva J, Domínguez G, Hurtado A, Alonso I, Rodriguez R, Provencio M, Bonilla F. Thymidylate synthase messenger RNA expression in plasma from patients with colon cancer: prognostic potential. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 12: 2095-2100 [PMID: 16609021 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-05-1644]
29. Chu DC, Chuang CK, Liou YF, Tzou RD, Lee HC, Sun CF. The use of real-time quantitative PCR to detect circulating prostate-specific membrane antigen mRNA in patients with prostate carcinoma. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2004; 1022: 157-162 [PMID: 15251956 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1318.026]
30. Xu W, Zhou H, Qian H, Bu X, Chen D, Gu H, Zhu W, Yan Y, Mao F. Combination of circulating CXCR4 and Bmi-1 mRNA in plasma: A potential novel tumor marker for gastric cancer. Mol Med Rep 2009; 2: 765-771 [PMID: 21475899 DOI: 10.3892/mmr-00000170]
31. Skog J, Würdinger T, van Rijn S, Meijer DH, Gainche L, Sena-Esteves M, Curry WT, Carter BS, Krichevsky AM, Breakefield XO. Glioblastoma microvesicles transport RNA and proteins that promote tumour growth and provide diagnostic biomarkers. Nat Cell Biol 2008; 10: 1470-1476 [PMID: 19011622 DOI: 10.1038/ncb1800]
32. Narita M, Saito A, Kojima A, Iwabuchi M, Satoh N, Uchiyama T, Yamahira A, Furukawa T, Sone H, Takahashi M. Quantification of BCR-ABL mRNA in plasma/serum of patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. Int J Med Sci 2012; 9: 901-908 [PMID: 23155364 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.4655]
33. Clarke LE, Leitzel K, Smith J, Ali SM, Lipton A. Epidermal growth factor receptor mRNA in peripheral blood of patients with pancreatic, lung, and colon carcinomas detected by RT-PCR. Int J Oncol 2003; 22: 425-430 [PMID: 12527944]
34. Ishizone S, Yamauchi K, Kawa S, Suzuki T, Shimizu F, Harada O, Sugiyama A, Miyagawa S, Fukuda M, Nakayama J. Clinical utility of quantitative RT-PCR targeted to alpha1,4-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase mRNA for detection of pancreatic cancer. Cancer Sci 2006; 97: 119-126 [PMID: 16441422 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2006.00148.x]
35. Kang CY, Wang J, Axell-House D, Soni P, Chu ML, Chipitsyna G, Sarosiek K, Sendecki J, Hyslop T, Al-Zoubi M, Yeo CJ, Arafat HA. Clinical significance of serum COL6A3 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. J Gastrointest Surg 2014; 18: 7-15 [PMID: 24002763 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-013-2326-y]
36. Chen XQ, Bonnefoi H, Pelte MF, Lyautey J, Lederrey C, Movarekhi S, Schaeffer P, Mulcahy HE, Meyer P, Stroun M, Anker P. Telomerase RNA as a detection marker in the serum of breast cancer patients. Clin Cancer Res 2000; 6: 3823-3826 [PMID: 11051224]
37. Dasí F, Lledó S, García-Granero E, Ripoll R, Marugán M, Tormo M, García-Conde J, Aliño SF. Real-time quantification in plasma of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA: a simple blood test to monitor disease in cancer patients. Lab Invest 2001; 81: 767-769 [PMID: 11351048]
38. Miura N, Maeda Y, Kanbe T, Yazama H, Takeda Y, Sato R, Tsukamoto T, Sato E, Marumoto A, Harada T, Sano A, Kishimoto Y, Hirooka Y, Murawaki Y, Hasegawa J, Shiota G. Serum human telomerase reverse transcriptase messenger RNA as a novel tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11: 3205-3209 [PMID: 15867214 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-04-1487]
39. Dasí F, Martínez-Rodes P, March JA, Santamaría J, Martínez-Javaloyas JM, Gil M, Aliño SF. Real-time quantification of human telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA in the plasma of patients with prostate cancer. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006; 1075: 204-210 [PMID: 17108213 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1368.028]
40. Tani N, Ichikawa D, Ikoma D, Tomita H, Sai S, Ikoma H, Okamoto K, Ochiai T, Ueda Y, Otsuji E, Yamagishi H, Miura N, Shiota G. Circulating cell-free mRNA in plasma as a tumor marker for patients with primary and recurrent gastric cancer. Anticancer Res 2007; 27: 1207-1212 [PMID: 17465264]
41. March-Villalba JA, Martínez-Jabaloyas JM, Herrero MJ, Santamaria J, Aliño SF, Dasí F. Cell-free circulating plasma hTERT mRNA is a useful marker for prostate cancer diagnosis and is associated with poor prognosis tumor characteristics. PLoS One 2012; 7: e43470 [PMID: 22916267 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043470]
42. Paradis V, Dargère D, Laurendeau I, Benoît G, Vidaud M, Jardin A, Bedossa P. Expression of the RNA component of human telomerase (hTR) in prostate cancer, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, and normal prostate tissue. J Pathol 1999; 189: 213-218 [PMID: 10547577 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-9896(199910)189]
43. Miura N, Nakamura H, Sato R, Tsukamoto T, Harada T, Takahashi S, Adachi Y, Shomori K, Sano A, Kishimoto Y, Ito H, Hasegawa J, Shiota G. Clinical usefulness of serum telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) mRNA and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA as a novel tumor marker for lung cancer. Cancer Sci 2006; 97: 1366-1373 [PMID: 17052260 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2006.00342.x]
44. Silva J, Silva JM, García V, García JM, Domínguez G, Bonilla F. RNA is more sensitive than DNA in identification of breast cancer patients bearing tumor nucleic acids in plasma. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2002; 35: 375-376 [PMID: 12378534 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.10124]
45. Bartel DP. MicroRNAs: target recognition and regulatory functions. Cell 2009; 136: 215-233 [PMID: 19167326 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2009.01.002]
46. Brennecke J, Stark A, Russell RB, Cohen SM. Principles of microRNA-target recognition. PLoS Biol 2005; 3: e85 [PMID: 15723116 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.0030085]
47. Lewis BP, Burge CB, Bartel DP. Conserved seed pairing, often flanked by adenosines, indicates that thousands of human genes are microRNA targets. Cell 2005; 120: 15-20 [PMID: 15652477 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2004.12.035]
48. Liang Y, Ridzon D, Wong L, Chen C. Characterization of microRNA expression profiles in normal human tissues. BMC Genomics 2007; 8: 166 [PMID: 17565689 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-8-166]
49. Lu J, Getz G, Miska EA, Alvarez-Saavedra E, Lamb J, Peck D, Sweet-Cordero A, Ebert BL, Mak RH, Ferrando AA, Downing JR, Jacks T, Horvitz HR, Golub TR. MicroRNA expression profiles classify human cancers. Nature 2005; 435: 834-838 [PMID: 15944708 DOI: 10.1038/nature03702]
50. Rosenfeld N, Aharonov R, Meiri E, Rosenwald S, Spector Y, Zepeniuk M, Benjamin H, Shabes N, Tabak S, Levy A, Lebanony D, Goren Y, Silberschein E, Targan N, Ben-Ari A, Gilad S, Sion-Vardy N, Tobar A, Feinmesser M, Kharenko O, Nativ O, Nass D, Perelman M, Yosepovich A, Shalmon B, Polak-Charcon S, Fridman E, Avniel A, Bentwich I, Bentwich Z, Cohen D, Chajut A, Barshack I. MicroRNAs accurately identify cancer tissue origin. Nat Biotechnol 2008; 26: 462-469 [PMID: 18362881 DOI: 10.1038/nbt1392]
51. Papaconstantinou IG, Lykoudis PM, Gazouli M, Manta A, Polymeneas G, Voros D. A review on the role of microRNA in biology, diagnosis, and treatment of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Pancreas 2012; 41: 671-677 [PMID: 22695087 DOI: 10.1097/MPA.0b013e31823c9d21]
52. Ajit SK. Circulating microRNAs as biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and signaling molecules. Sensors (Basel) 2012; 12: 3359-3369 [PMID: 22737013 DOI: 10.3390/s120303359]
53. Mitchell PS, Parkin RK, Kroh EM, Fritz BR, Wyman SK, Pogosova-Agadjanyan EL, Peterson A, Noteboom J, O'Briant KC, Allen A, Lin DW, Urban N, Drescher CW, Knudsen BS, Stirewalt DL, Gentleman R, Vessella RL, Nelson PS, Martin DB, Tewari M. Circulating microRNAs as stable blood-based markers for cancer detection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008; 105: 10513-10518 [PMID: 18663219 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0804549105]
54. Chen X, Ba Y, Ma L, Cai X, Yin Y, Wang K, Guo J, Zhang Y, Chen J, Guo X, Li Q, Li X, Wang W, Zhang Y, Wang J, Jiang X, Xiang Y, Xu C, Zheng P, Zhang J, Li R, Zhang H, Shang X, Gong T, Ning G, Wang J, Zen K, Zhang J, Zhang CY. Characterization of microRNAs in serum: a novel class of biomarkers for diagnosis of cancer and other diseases. Cell Res 2008; 18: 997-1006 [PMID: 18766170 DOI: 10.1038/cr.2008.282]
55. Wang J, Chen J, Chang P, LeBlanc A, Li D, Abbruzzesse JL, Frazier ML, Killary AM, Sen S. MicroRNAs in plasma of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients as novel blood-based biomarkers of disease. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2009; 2: 807-813 [PMID: 19723895 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-09-0094]
56. Szafranska AE, Davison TS, John J, Cannon T, Sipos B, Maghnouj A, Labourier E, Hahn SA. MicroRNA expression alterations are linked to tumorigenesis and non-neoplastic processes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Oncogene 2007; 26: 4442-4452 [PMID: 17237814 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210228]
57. Gironella M, Seux M, Xie MJ, Cano C, Tomasini R, Gommeaux J, Garcia S, Nowak J, Yeung ML, Jeang KT, Chaix A, Fazli L, Motoo Y, Wang Q, Rocchi P, Russo A, Gleave M, Dagorn JC, Iovanna JL, Carrier A, Pébusque MJ, Dusetti NJ. Tumor protein 53-induced nuclear protein 1 expression is repressed by miR-155, and its restoration inhibits pancreatic tumor development. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007; 104: 16170-16175 [PMID: 17911264 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0703942104]
58. Dillhoff M, Liu J, Frankel W, Croce C, Bloomston M. MicroRNA-21 is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer and a potential predictor of survival. J Gastrointest Surg 2008; 12: 2171-2176 [PMID: 18642050 DOI: 10.1007/s11605-008-0584-x]
59. Moriyama T, Ohuchida K, Mizumoto K, Yu J, Sato N, Nabae T, Takahata S, Toma H, Nagai E, Tanaka M. MicroRNA-21 modulates biological functions of pancreatic cancer cells including their proliferation, invasion, and chemoresistance. Mol Cancer Ther 2009; 8: 1067-1074 [PMID: 19435867 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-08-0592]
60. Ikenaga N, Ohuchida K, Mizumoto K, Yu J, Kayashima T, Sakai H, Fujita H, Nakata K, Tanaka M. MicroRNA-203 expression as a new prognostic marker of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 2010; 17: 3120-3128 [PMID: 20652642 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-010-1188-8]
61. Yu J, Ohuchida K, Mizumoto K, Fujita H, Nakata K, Tanaka M. MicroRNA miR-17-5p is overexpressed in pancreatic cancer, associated with a poor prognosis, and involved in cancer cell proliferation and invasion. Cancer Biol Ther 2010; 10: 748-757 [PMID: 20703102 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.10.8.13083]
62. Ryu JK, Hong SM, Karikari CA, Hruban RH, Goggins MG, Maitra A. Aberrant MicroRNA-155 expression is an early event in the multistep progression of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Pancreatology 2010; 10: 66-73 [PMID: 20332664 DOI: 10.1159/000231984]
63. Yu J, Li A, Hong SM, Hruban RH, Goggins M. MicroRNA alterations of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasias. Clin Cancer Res 2012; 18: 981-992 [PMID: 22114139 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-11-2347]
64. Su A, He S, Tian B, Hu W, Zhang Z. MicroRNA-221 mediates the effects of PDGF-BB on migration, proliferation, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in pancreatic cancer cells. PLoS One 2013; 8: e71309 [PMID: 23967190 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071309]
65. Xue Y, Abou Tayoun AN, Abo KM, Pipas JM, Gordon SR, Gardner TB, Barth RJ, Suriawinata AA, Tsongalis GJ. MicroRNAs as diagnostic markers for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and its precursor, pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasm. Cancer Genet 2013; 206: 217-221 [PMID: 23933230 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2013.05.020]
66. Song S, Zhou J, He S, Zhu D, Zhang Z, Zhao H, Wang Y, Li D. Expression levels of microRNA-375 in pancreatic cancer. Biomed Rep 2013; 1: 393-398 [PMID: 24648956 DOI: 10.3892/br.2013.88]
67. Ma MZ, Kong X, Weng MZ, Cheng K, Gong W, Quan ZW, Peng CH. Candidate microRNA biomarkers of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: meta-analysis, experimental validation and clinical significance. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2013; 32: 71 [PMID: 24289824 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-32-71]
68. Sadakari Y, Ohtsuka T, Ohuchida K, Tsutsumi K, Takahata S, Nakamura M, Mizumoto K, Tanaka M. MicroRNA expression analyses in preoperative pancreatic juice samples of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. JOP 2010; 11: 587-592 [PMID: 21068491]
69. Kong X, Du Y, Wang G, Gao J, Gong Y, Li L, Zhang Z, Zhu J, Jing Q, Qin Y, Li Z. Detection of differentially expressed microRNAs in serum of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients: miR-196a could be a potential marker for poor prognosis. Dig Dis Sci 2011; 56: 602-609 [PMID: 20614181 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-010-1285-3]
70. Li A, Omura N, Hong SM, Vincent A, Walter K, Griffith M, Borges M, Goggins M. Pancreatic cancers epigenetically silence SIP1 and hypomethylate and overexpress miR-200a/200b in association with elevated circulating miR-200a and miR-200b levels. Cancer Res 2010; 70: 5226-5237 [PMID: 20551052 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-09-4227]
71. Ho AS, Huang X, Cao H, Christman-Skieller C, Bennewith K, Le QT, Koong AC. Circulating miR-210 as a Novel Hypoxia Marker in Pancreatic Cancer. Transl Oncol 2010; 3: 109-113 [PMID: 20360935]
72. Morimura R, Komatsu S, Ichikawa D, Takeshita H, Tsujiura M, Nagata H, Konishi H, Shiozaki A, Ikoma H, Okamoto K, Ochiai T, Taniguchi H, Otsuji E. Novel diagnostic value of circulating miR-18a in plasma of patients with pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer 2011; 105: 1733-1740 [PMID: 22045190 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.453]
73. Liu J, Gao J, Du Y, Li Z, Ren Y, Gu J, Wang X, Gong Y, Wang W, Kong X. Combination of plasma microRNAs with serum CA19-9 for early detection of pancreatic cancer. Int J Cancer 2012; 131: 683-691 [PMID: 21913185 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.26422]
74. Liu R, Chen X, Du Y, Yao W, Shen L, Wang C, Hu Z, Zhuang R, Ning G, Zhang C, Yuan Y, Li Z, Zen K, Ba Y, Zhang CY. Serum microRNA expression profile as a biomarker in the diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer. Clin Chem 2012; 58: 610-618 [PMID: 22194634 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2011.172767]
75. Li A, Yu J, Kim H, Wolfgang CL, Canto MI, Hruban RH, Goggins M. MicroRNA array analysis finds elevated serum miR-1290 accurately distinguishes patients with low-stage pancreatic cancer from healthy and disease controls. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19: 3600-3610 [PMID: 23697990 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-3092]
76. Kawaguchi T, Komatsu S, Ichikawa D, Morimura R, Tsujiura M, Konishi H, Takeshita H, Nagata H, Arita T, Hirajima S, Shiozaki A, Ikoma H, Okamoto K, Ochiai T, Taniguchi H, Otsuji E. Clinical impact of circulating miR-221 in plasma of patients with pancreatic cancer. Br J Cancer 2013; 108: 361-369 [PMID: 23329235 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2012.546]
77. Carlsen AL, Joergensen MT, Knudsen S, de Muckadell OB, Heegaard NH. Cell-free plasma microRNA in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and disease controls. Pancreas 2013; 42: 1107-1113 [PMID: 24048453 DOI: 10.1097/MPA.0b013e318296bb34]
78. Wang WS, Liu LX, Li GP, Chen Y, Li CY, Jin DY, Wang XL. Combined serum CA19-9 and miR-27a-3p in peripheral blood mononuclear cells to diagnose pancreatic cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2013; 6: 331-338 [PMID: 23430754 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-12-0307]
79. Slater EP, Strauch K, Rospleszcz S, Ramaswamy A, Esposito I, Klöppel G, Matthäi E, Heeger K, Fendrich V, Langer P, Bartsch DK. MicroRNA-196a and -196b as Potential Biomarkers for the Early Detection of Familial Pancreatic Cancer. Transl Oncol 2014; 7: 464-471 [PMID: 24956938 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2014.05.007]
80. Wang J, Raimondo M, Guha S, Chen J, Diao L, Dong X, Wallace MB, Killary AM, Frazier ML, Woodward TA, Wang J, Sen S. Circulating microRNAs in Pancreatic Juice as Candidate Biomarkers of Pancreatic Cancer. J Cancer 2014; 5: 696-705 [PMID: 25258651 DOI: 10.7150/jca.10094]
81. Ganepola GA, Rutledge JR, Suman P, Yiengpruksawan A, Chang DH. Novel blood-based microRNA biomarker panel for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2014; 6: 22-33 [PMID: 24578785 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v6.i1.22]
82. Schultz NA, Dehlendorff C, Jensen BV, Bjerregaard JK, Nielsen KR, Bojesen SE, Calatayud D, Nielsen SE, Yilmaz M, Holländer NH, Andersen KK, Johansen JS. MicroRNA biomarkers in whole blood for detection of pancreatic cancer. JAMA 2014; 311: 392-404 [PMID: 24449318 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2013.284664]
83. Abue M, Yokoyama M, Shibuya R, Tamai K, Yamaguchi K, Sato I, Tanaka N, Hamada S, Shimosegawa T, Sugamura K, Satoh K. Circulating miR-483-3p and miR-21 is highly expressed in plasma of pancreatic cancer. Int J Oncol 2015; 46: 539-547 [PMID: 25384963 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2743]
84. Baraniskin A, Nöpel-Dünnebacke S, Ahrens M, Jensen SG, Zöllner H, Maghnouj A, Wos A, Mayerle J, Munding J, Kost D, Reinacher-Schick A, Liffers S, Schroers R, Chromik AM, Meyer HE, Uhl W, Klein-Scory S, Weiss FU, Stephan C, Schwarte-Waldhoff I, Lerch MM, Tannapfel A, Schmiegel W, Andersen CL, Hahn SA. Circulating U2 small nuclear RNA fragments as a novel diagnostic biomarker for pancreatic and colorectal adenocarcinoma. Int J Cancer 2013; 132: E48-E57 [PMID: 22907602 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27791]
85. Dong XY, Guo P, Boyd J, Sun X, Li Q, Zhou W, Dong JT. Implication of snoRNA U50 in human breast cancer. J Genet Genomics 2009; 36: 447-454 [PMID: 19683667 DOI: 10.1016/s1673-8527(08)60134-4]
86. Mei YP, Liao JP, Shen J, Yu L, Liu BL, Liu L, Li RY, Ji L, Dorsey SG, Jiang ZR, Katz RL, Wang JY, Jiang F. Small nucleolar RNA 42 acts as an oncogene in lung tumorigenesis. Oncogene 2012; 31: 2794-2804 [PMID: 21986946 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2011.449]
87. Gee HE, Buffa FM, Camps C, Ramachandran A, Leek R, Taylor M, Patil M, Sheldon H, Betts G, Homer J, West C, Ragoussis J, Harris AL. The small-nucleolar RNAs commonly used for microRNA normalisation correlate with tumour pathology and prognosis. Br J Cancer 2011; 104: 1168-1177 [PMID: 21407217 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6606076]
88. Valleron W, Laprevotte E, Gautier EF, Quelen C, Demur C, Delabesse E, Agirre X, Prósper F, Kiss T, Brousset P. Specific small nucleolar RNA expression profiles in acute leukemia. Leukemia 2012; 26: 2052-2060 [PMID: 22522792 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2012.111]
89. Qiao D, Zeeman AM, Deng W, Looijenga LH, Lin H. Molecular characterization of hiwi, a human member of the piwi gene family whose overexpression is correlated to seminomas. Oncogene 2002; 21: 3988-3999 [PMID: 12037681 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1205505]
90. Cheng J, Guo JM, Xiao BX, Miao Y, Jiang Z, Zhou H, Li QN. piRNA, the new non-coding RNA, is aberrantly expressed in human cancer cells. Clin Chim Acta 2011; 412: 1621-1625 [PMID: 21616063 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2011.05.015]
91. Williams GT, Farzaneh F. Are snoRNAs and snoRNA host genes new players in cancer? Nat Rev Cancer 2012; 12: 84-88 [PMID: 22257949 DOI: 10.1038/nrc3195]
92. Xu G, Yang F, Ding CL, Zhao LJ, Ren H, Zhao P, Wang W, Qi ZT. Small nucleolar RNA 113-1 suppresses tumorigenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Cancer 2014; 13: 216 [PMID: 25217841 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-13-216]
93. Liao J, Yu L, Mei Y, Guarnera M, Shen J, Li R, Liu Z, Jiang F. Small nucleolar RNA signatures as biomarkers for non-small-cell lung cancer. Mol Cancer 2010; 9: 198 [PMID: 20663213 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-9-198]
94. Cui L, Lou Y, Zhang X, Zhou H, Deng H, Song H, Yu X, Xiao B, Wang W, Guo J. Detection of circulating tumor cells in peripheral blood from patients with gastric cancer using piRNAs as markers. Clin Biochem 2011; 44: 1050-1057 [PMID: 21704610 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.06.004]
95. Matera AG, Terns RM, Terns MP. Non-coding RNAs: lessons from the small nuclear and small nucleolar RNAs. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2007; 8: 209-220 [PMID: 17318225 DOI: 10.1038/nrm2124]
96. Mazières J, Catherinne C, Delfour O, Gouin S, Rouquette I, Delisle MB, Prévot G, Escamilla R, Didier A, Persing DH, Bates M, Michot B. Alternative processing of the U2 small nuclear RNA produces a 19-22nt fragment with relevance for the detection of non-small cell lung cancer in human serum. PLoS One 2013; 8: e60134 [PMID: 23527303 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060134]
97. Kuhlmann JD, Baraniskin A, Hahn SA, Mosel F, Bredemeier M, Wimberger P, Kimmig R, Kasimir-Bauer S. Circulating U2 small nuclear RNA fragments as a novel diagnostic tool for patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Clin Chem 2014; 60: 206-213 [PMID: 24212085 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2013.213066]
98. Gupta RA, Shah N, Wang KC, Kim J, Horlings HM, Wong DJ, Tsai MC, Hung T, Argani P, Rinn JL, Wang Y, Brzoska P, Kong B, Li R, West RB, van de Vijver MJ, Sukumar S, Chang HY. Long non-coding RNA HOTAIR reprograms chromatin state to promote cancer metastasis. Nature 2010; 464: 1071-1076 [PMID: 20393566 DOI: 10.1038/nature08975]
99. Ji P, Diederichs S, Wang W, Böing S, Metzger R, Schneider PM, Tidow N, Brandt B, Buerger H, Bulk E, Thomas M, Berdel WE, Serve H, Müller-Tidow C. MALAT-1, a novel noncoding RNA, and thymosin beta4 predict metastasis and survival in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. Oncogene 2003; 22: 8031-8041 [PMID: 12970751 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1206928]
100. Kotake Y, Nakagawa T, Kitagawa K, Suzuki S, Liu N, Kitagawa M, Xiong Y. Long non-coding RNA ANRIL is required for the PRC2 recruitment to and silencing of p15(INK4B) tumor suppressor gene. Oncogene 2011; 30: 1956-1962 [PMID: 21151178 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2010.568]
101. Gabory A, Ripoche MA, Yoshimizu T, Dandolo L. The H19 gene: regulation and function of a non-coding RNA. Cytogenet Genome Res 2006; 113: 188-193 [PMID: 16575179 DOI: 10.1159/000090831]
102. Fan M, Li X, Jiang W, Huang Y, Li J, Wang Z. A long non-coding RNA, PTCSC3, as a tumor suppressor and a target of miRNAs in thyroid cancer cells. Exp Ther Med 2013; 5: 1143-1146 [PMID: 23599737 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2013.933]
103. Hessels D, Schalken JA. The use of PCA3 in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Nat Rev Urol 2009; 6: 255-261 [PMID: 19424173 DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2009.40]
104. Day JR, Jost M, Reynolds MA, Groskopf J, Rittenhouse H. PCA3: from basic molecular science to the clinical lab. Cancer Lett 2011; 301: 1-6 [PMID: 21093148 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2010.10.019]
105. Crea F, Clermont PL, Parolia A, Wang Y, Helgason CD. The noncoding transcriptome as a dynamic regulator of cancer metastasis. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2014; 33: 1-16 [PMID: 24346158 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-013-9455-3]
106. Ling H, Vincent K, Pichler M, Fodde R, Berindan-Neagoe I, Slack FJ, Calin GA. Junk DNA and the long non-coding RNA twist in cancer genetics. Oncogene 2015; Epub ahead of print [PMID: 25619839 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.456]
107. Arita T, Ichikawa D, Konishi H, Komatsu S, Shiozaki A, Shoda K, Kawaguchi T, Hirajima S, Nagata H, Kubota T, Fujiwara H, Okamoto K, Otsuji E. Circulating long non-coding RNAs in plasma of patients with gastric cancer. Anticancer Res 2013; 33: 3185-3193 [PMID: 23898077]
108. Ren S, Wang F, Shen J, Sun Y, Xu W, Lu J, Wei M, Xu C, Wu C, Zhang Z, Gao X, Liu Z, Hou J, Huang J, Sun Y. Long non-coding RNA metastasis associated in lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 derived miniRNA as a novel plasma-based biomarker for diagnosing prostate cancer. Eur J Cancer 2013; 49: 2949-2959 [PMID: 23726266 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2013.04.026]
109. Kogure T, Yan IK, Lin WL, Patel T. Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Transfer of a Novel Long Noncoding RNA TUC339: A Mechanism of Intercellular Signaling in Human Hepatocellular Cancer. Genes Cancer 2013; 4: 261-272 [PMID: 24167654 DOI: 10.1177/1947601913499020]
110. Xie H, Ma H, Zhou D. Plasma HULC as a promising novel biomarker for the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Biomed Res Int 2013; 2013: 136106 [PMID: 23762823 DOI: 10.1155/2013/136106]
111. Isin M, Ozgur E, Cetin G, Erten N, Aktan M, Gezer U, Dalay N. Investigation of circulating lncRNAs in B-cell neoplasms. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 431: 255-259 [PMID: 24583225 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.02.010]
112. Kim K, Jutooru I, Chadalapaka G, Johnson G, Frank J, Burghardt R, Kim S, Safe S. HOTAIR is a negative prognostic factor and exhibits pro-oncogenic activity in pancreatic cancer. Oncogene 2013; 32: 1616-1625 [PMID: 22614017 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2012.193]
113. Pang EJ, Yang R, Fu XB, Liu YF. Overexpression of long noncoding RNA MALAT1 is correlated with clinical progression and unfavorable prognosis in pancreatic cancer. Tumour Biol 2015; 36: 2403-2407 [PMID: 25481511 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2850-8]
114. Modali SD, Parekh VI, Kebebew E, Agarwal SK. Epigenetic regulation of the lncRNA MEG3 and its target c-MET in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Mol Endocrinol 2015; 29: 224-237 [PMID: 25565142 DOI: 10.1210/me.2014-1304]
115. Lu X, Fang Y, Wang Z, Xie J, Zhan Q, Deng X, Chen H, Jin J, Peng C, Li H, Shen B. Downregulation of gas5 increases pancreatic cancer cell proliferation by regulating CDK6. Cell Tissue Res 2013; 354: 891-896 [PMID: 24026436 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-013-1711-x]
116. Peng W, Gao W, Feng J. Long noncoding RNA HULC is a novel biomarker of poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer. Med Oncol 2014; 31: 346 [PMID: 25412939 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-014-0346-4]
117. Huang C, Yu W, Wang Q, Cui H, Wang Y, Zhang L, Han F, Huang T. Increased expression of the lncRNA PVT1 is associated with poor prognosis in pancreatic cancer patients. Minerva Med 2015; 106: 143-149 [PMID: 25668599]
118. Tahira AC, Kubrusly MS, Faria MF, Dazzani B, Fonseca RS, Maracaja-Coutinho V, Verjovski-Almeida S, Machado MC, Reis EM. Long noncoding intronic RNAs are differentially expressed in primary and metastatic pancreatic cancer. Mol Cancer 2011; 10: 141 [PMID: 22078386 DOI: 10.1186/1476-4598-10-141]
119. Li J, Liu D, Hua R, Zhang J, Liu W, Huo Y, Cheng Y, Hong J, Sun Y. Long non-coding RNAs expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and lncRNA BC008363 an independent prognostic factor in PDAC. Pancreatology 2014; 14: 385-390 [PMID: 25200694 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2014.07.013]
120. Sun YW, Chen YF, Li J, Huo YM, Liu DJ, Hua R, Zhang JF, Liu W, Yang JY, Fu XL, Yan T, Hong J, Cao H. A novel long non-coding RNA ENST00000480739 suppresses tumour cell invasion by regulating OS-9 and HIF-1α in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Br J Cancer 2014; 111: 2131-2141 [PMID: 25314054 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.520]
121. Ting DT, Lipson D, Paul S, Brannigan BW, Akhavanfard S, Coffman EJ, Contino G, Deshpande V, Iafrate AJ, Letovsky S, Rivera MN, Bardeesy N, Maheswaran S, Haber DA. Aberrant overexpression of satellite repeats in pancreatic and other epithelial cancers. Science 2011; 331: 593-596 [PMID: 21233348 DOI: 10.1126/science.1200801]
122. Ma R, Jiang T, Kang X. Circulating microRNAs in cancer: origin, function and application. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2012; 31: 38 [PMID: 22546315 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-31-38]
123. Samos J, García-Olmo DC, Picazo MG, Rubio-Vitaller A, García-Olmo D. Circulating nucleic acids in plasma/serum and tumor progression: are apoptotic bodies involved? An experimental study in a rat cancer model. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2006; 1075: 165-173 [PMID: 17108207 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1368.022]
124. Zernecke A, Bidzhekov K, Noels H, Shagdarsuren E, Gan L, Denecke B, Hristov M, Köppel T, Jahantigh MN, Lutgens E, Wang S, Olson EN, Schober A, Weber C. Delivery of microRNA-126 by apoptotic bodies induces CXCL12-dependent vascular protection. Sci Signal 2009; 2: ra81 [PMID: 19996457 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.2000610]
125. Sato-Kuwabara Y, Melo SA, Soares FA, Calin GA. The fusion of two worlds: non-coding RNAs and extracellular vesicles - diagnostic and therapeutic implications (Review). Int J Oncol 2015; 46: 17-27 [PMID: 25338714 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2712]
126. Gallo A, Tandon M, Alevizos I, Illei GG. The majority of microRNAs detectable in serum and saliva is concentrated in exosomes. PLoS One 2012; 7: e30679 [PMID: 22427800 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0030679]
127. Kosaka N, Iguchi H, Yoshioka Y, Takeshita F, Matsuki Y, Ochiya T. Secretory mechanisms and intercellular transfer of microRNAs in living cells. J Biol Chem 2010; 285: 17442-17452 [PMID: 20353945 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M110.107821]
128. Arroyo JD, Chevillet JR, Kroh EM, Ruf IK, Pritchard CC, Gibson DF, Mitchell PS, Bennett CF, Pogosova-Agadjanyan EL, Stirewalt DL, Tait JF, Tewari M. Argonaute2 complexes carry a population of circulating microRNAs independent of vesicles in human plasma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2011; 108: 5003-5008 [PMID: 21383194 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1019055108]
129. Turchinovich A, Weiz L, Langheinz A, Burwinkel B. Characterization of extracellular circulating microRNA. Nucleic Acids Res 2011; 39: 7223-7233 [PMID: 21609964 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkr254]
130. Vickers KC, Palmisano BT, Shoucri BM, Shamburek RD, Remaley AT. MicroRNAs are transported in plasma and delivered to recipient cells by high-density lipoproteins. Nat Cell Biol 2011; 13: 423-433 [PMID: 21423178 DOI: 10.1038/ncb2210]
131. Rupp AK, Rupp C, Keller S, Brase JC, Ehehalt R, Fogel M, Moldenhauer G, Marmé F, Sültmann H, Altevogt P. Loss of EpCAM expression in breast cancer derived serum exosomes: role of proteolytic cleavage. Gynecol Oncol 2011; 122: 437-446 [PMID: 21601258 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.04.035]
132. Clayton A, Al-Taei S, Webber J, Mason MD, Tabi Z. Cancer exosomes express CD39 and CD73, which suppress T cells through adenosine production. J Immunol 2011; 187: 676-683 [PMID: 21677139 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1003884]
133. Oksvold MP, Kullmann A, Forfang L, Kierulf B, Li M, Brech A, Vlassov AV, Smeland EB, Neurauter A, Pedersen KW. Expression of B-cell surface antigens in subpopulations of exosomes released from B-cell lymphoma cells. Clin Ther 2014; 36: 847-862.e1 [PMID: 24952935 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.05.010]
134. Boelens MC, Wu TJ, Nabet BY, Xu B, Qiu Y, Yoon T, Azzam DJ, Twyman-Saint Victor C, Wiemann BZ, Ishwaran H, Ter Brugge PJ, Jonkers J, Slingerland J, Minn AJ. Exosome transfer from stromal to breast cancer cells regulates therapy resistance pathways. Cell 2014; 159: 499-513 [PMID: 25417103 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2014.09.051]
135. Saikumar J, Ramachandran K, Vaidya VS. Noninvasive micromarkers. Clin Chem 2014; 60: 1158-1173 [PMID: 24407912 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2013.216044]
136. Baker MB, Bao G, Searles CD. In vitro quantification of specific microRNA using molecular beacons. Nucleic Acids Res 2012; 40: e13 [PMID: 22110035 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkr1016]
137. Sun Y, Gregory KJ, Chen NG, Golovlev V. Rapid and direct microRNA quantification by an enzymatic luminescence assay. Anal Biochem 2012; 429: 11-17 [PMID: 22759775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2012.06.021]
138. Dong H, Jin S, Ju H, Hao K, Xu LP, Lu H, Zhang X. Trace and label-free microRNA detection using oligonucleotide encapsulated silver nanoclusters as probes. Anal Chem 2012; 84: 8670-8674 [PMID: 22985191 DOI: 10.1021/ac301860v]
139. Tu Y, Wu P, Zhang H, Cai C. Fluorescence quenching of gold nanoparticles integrating with a conformation-switched hairpin oligonucleotide probe for microRNA detection. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48: 10718-10720 [PMID: 22945460 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc35564g]
140. Wang L, Cheng Y, Wang H, Li Z. A homogeneous fluorescence sensing platform with water-soluble carbon nanoparticles for detection of microRNA and nuclease activity. Analyst 2012; 137: 3667-3672 [PMID: 22801584 DOI: 10.1039/c2an35396b]
141. Ban E, Song EJ. Capillary electrophoresis methods for microRNAs assays: a review. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 852: 1-7 [PMID: 25441872 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.08.034]
142. Wang J, Yi X, Tang H, Han H, Wu M, Zhou F. Direct quantification of microRNA at low picomolar level in sera of glioma patients using a competitive hybridization followed by amplified voltammetric detection. Anal Chem 2012; 84: 6400-6406 [PMID: 22788545 DOI: 10.1021/ac203368h]
143. McDonald JS, Milosevic D, Reddi HV, Grebe SK, Algeciras-Schimnich A. Analysis of circulating microRNA: preanalytical and analytical challenges. Clin Chem 2011; 57: 833-840 [PMID: 21487102 DOI: 10.1373/clinchem.2010.157198]
144. Duttagupta R, Jiang R, Gollub J, Getts RC, Jones KW. Impact of cellular miRNAs on circulating miRNA biomarker signatures. PLoS One 2011; 6: e20769 [PMID: 21698099 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020769]
145. Iyer MK, Niknafs YS, Malik R, Singhal U, Sahu A, Hosono Y, Barrette TR, Prensner JR, Evans JR, Zhao S, Poliakov A, Cao X, Dhanasekaran SM, Wu YM, Robinson DR, Beer DG, Feng FY, Iyer HK, Chinnaiyan AM. The landscape of long noncoding RNAs in the human transcriptome. Nat Genet 2015; 47: 199-208 [PMID: 25599403 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3192]
146. Saliba AE, Westermann AJ, Gorski SA, Vogel J. Single-cell RNA-seq: advances and future challenges. Nucleic Acids Res 2014; 42: 8845-8860 [PMID: 25053837 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku555]
147. Ramsköld D, Luo S, Wang YC, Li R, Deng Q, Faridani OR, Daniels GA, Khrebtukova I, Loring JF, Laurent LC, Schroth GP, Sandberg R. Full-length mRNA-Seq from single-cell levels of RNA and individual circulating tumor cells. Nat Biotechnol 2012; 30: 777-782 [PMID: 22820318 DOI: 10.1038/nbt.2282]
148. Tsai YS, Dominguez D, Gomez SM, Wang Z. Transcriptome-wide identification and study of cancer-specific splicing events across multiple tumors. Oncotarget 2015; 6: 6825-6839 [PMID: 25749525]
149. Sebestyén E, Zawisza M, Eyras E. Detection of recurrent alternative splicing switches in tumor samples reveals novel signatures of cancer. Nucleic Acids Res 2015; 43: 1345-1356 [PMID: 25578962 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku1392]
150. Bonomi S, Gallo S, Catillo M, Pignataro D, Biamonti G, Ghigna C. Oncogenic alternative splicing switches: role in cancer progression and prospects for therapy. Int J Cell Biol 2013; 2013: 962038 [PMID: 24285959 DOI: 10.1155/2013/962038]
151. Zhu Y, Zhang JJ, Xie KL, Tang J, Liang WB, Zhu R, Zhu Y, Wang B, Tao JQ, Zhi XF, Li Z, Gao WT, Jiang KR, Miao Y, Xu ZK. Specific-detection of clinical samples, systematic functional investigations, and transcriptome analysis reveals that splice variant MUC4/Y contributes to the malignant progression of pancreatic cancer by triggering malignancy-related positive feedback loops signaling. J Transl Med 2014; 12: 309 [PMID: 25367394 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-014-0309-8]
152. Valadi H, Ekström K, Bossios A, Sjöstrand M, Lee JJ, Lötvall JO. Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells. Nat Cell Biol 2007; 9: 654-659 [PMID: 17486113 DOI: 10.1038/ncb1596]
153. Zhang Y, Liu D, Chen X, Li J, Li L, Bian Z, Sun F, Lu J, Yin Y, Cai X, Sun Q, Wang K, Ba Y, Wang Q, Wang D, Yang J, Liu P, Xu T, Yan Q, Zhang J, Zen K, Zhang CY. Secreted monocytic miR-150 enhances targeted endothelial cell migration. Mol Cell 2010; 39: 133-144 [PMID: 20603081 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2010.06.010]
154. Rachagani S, Macha MA, Heimann N, Seshacharyulu P, Haridas D, Chugh S, Batra SK. Clinical implications of miRNAs in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy of pancreatic cancer. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 81: 16-33 [PMID: 25453266 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.10.020]
155. Bauer AS, Keller A, Costello E, Greenhalf W, Bier M, Borries A, Beier M, Neoptolemos J, Büchler M, Werner J, Giese N, Hoheisel JD. Diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and chronic pancreatitis by measurement of microRNA abundance in blood and tissue. PLoS One 2012; 7: e34151 [PMID: 22511932 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0034151]
156. Habbe N, Koorstra JB, Mendell JT, Offerhaus GJ, Ryu JK, Feldmann G, Mullendore ME, Goggins MG, Hong SM, Maitra A. MicroRNA miR-155 is a biomarker of early pancreatic neoplasia. Cancer Biol Ther 2009; 8: 340-346 [PMID: 19106647]
157. Maker AV, Carrara S, Jamieson NB, Pelaez-Luna M, Lennon AM, Dal Molin M, Scarpa A, Frulloni L, Brugge WR. Cyst fluid biomarkers for intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas: a critical review from the international expert meeting on pancreatic branch-duct-intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms. J Am Coll Surg 2015; 220: 243-253 [PMID: 25592469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2014.11.001]
158. Ijichi H. Genetically-engineered mouse models for pancreatic cancer: Advances and current limitations. World J Clin Oncol 2011; 2: 195-202 [PMID: 21611096 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v2.i5.195]
159. Yabushita S, Fukamachi K, Tanaka H, Sumida K, Deguchi Y, Sukata T, Kawamura S, Uwagawa S, Suzui M, Tsuda H. Circulating microRNAs in serum of human K-ras oncogene transgenic rats with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. Pancreas 2012; 41: 1013-1018 [PMID: 22513294 DOI: 10.1097/MPA.0b013e31824ac3a5]
160. Valastyan S, Weinberg RA. MicroRNAs: Crucial multi-tasking components in the complex circuitry of tumor metastasis. Cell Cycle 2009; 8: 3506-3512 [PMID: 19838065]