MicroRNAs in liver tissue engineering - New promises for failing organs

Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews

Volumn 88, Issue , 2015, Pages 67-77

  Raschzok, Nathanael ^a   Sallmon, Hannes ^a   Pratschke, Johann ^a   Sauer, Igor M ^a  

^a CHARITÉ UNIVERSITÄTSMEDIZIN BERLIN   (Germany)

Author keywords

Liver tissue engineering; Liver transplantation; MicroRNA

Indexed keywords

CELL ENGINEERING; RNA; TISSUE;

BIOLOGICAL PROCESS; CLINICAL INVESTIGATION; CLINICAL TRANSLATION; HEPATIC TISSUE ENGINEERING; HEPATOCYTE FUNCTIONS; LIVER TISSUE ENGINEERING; LIVER TRANSPLANTATION; MICRORNAS;

TISSUE ENGINEERING;

LET 7B; LET 7F; MICRORNA; MICRORNA 122; MICRORNA 127; MICRORNA 199A 5P; MICRORNA 21; MICRORNA 211; MICRORNA 26A; MICRORNA 33; MICRORNA 378; MICRORNA 506; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL FUNCTION; CELL GROWTH; CELL INTERACTION; CELL PROLIFERATION; HEPATOBILIARY SYSTEM; HUMAN; LIVER CELL; LIVER TISSUE ENGINEERING; LONG TERM SURVIVAL; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; TISSUE ENGINEERING; LIVER; METABOLISM; PHYSIOLOGY; PROCEDURES;

BILIARY TRACT; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; HEPATOCYTES; HUMANS; LIVER; MICRORNAS; TISSUE ENGINEERING;

EID: 84937523554     PISSN: 0169409X     EISSN: 18728294     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.06.005     Document Type: Review

References (97)

1. Bernal W., Wendon J. Acute liver failure. N. Engl. J. Med. 2013 Dec 26, 369(26):2525-2534. 10.1056/NEJMra120893.
2. Alqahtani S.A. Update in liver transplantation. Curr. Opin. Gastroenterol. 2012 May, 28(3):230-238. 10.1097/MOG.0b013e3283527f16.
3. Nebrig M., Neuhaus P., Pascher A. Advances in the management of the explanted donor liver. Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2014 Aug, 11(8):489-496.
4. Dutkowski P., Linecker M., DeOliveira M.L., Müllhaupt B., Clavien P.A. Challenges to liver transplantation and strategies to improve outcomes. Gastroenterology Sep 12 2014, (S0016-5085(14)01088-9). 10.1053/j.gastro.2014.08.045.
5. Rech T.H., Moraes R.B., Crispim D., Czepielewski M.A., Leitão C.B. Management of the brain-dead organ donor: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Transplantation 2013 Apr 15, 95(7):966-974. 10.1097/TP.0b013e318283298e.
6. Morrissey P.E., Monaco A.P. Donation after circulatory death: current practices, ongoing challenges, and potential improvements. Transplantation 2014 Feb 15, 97(3):258-264. 10.1097/01.TP.0000437178.48174.db.
7. Nativ N.I., Maguire T.J., Yarmush G., Brasaemle D.L., Henry S.D., Guarrera J.V., Berthiaume F., Yarmush M.L. Liver defatting: an alternative approach to enable steatotic liver transplantation. Am. J. Transplant. 2012 Dec, 12(12):3176-3183. 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04288.x.
8. Struecker B., Raschzok N., Sauer I.M. Liver support strategies: cutting-edge technologies. Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2014 Mar, 11(3):166-176. 10.1038/nrgastro.2013.204.
9. Bhatia S.N., Underhill G.H., Zaret K.S., Fox I.J. Cell and tissue engineering for liver disease. Sci. Transl. Med. Jul 16 2014, 6(245). (245sr2). 10.1126/scitranslmed.3005975.
10. Sauer I.M., Goetz M., Steffen I., Walter G., Kehr D.C., Schwartlander R., Hwang Y.J., Pascher A., Gerlach J.C., Neuhaus P. X In vitro comparison of the molecular adsorbent recirculation system (MARS) and single-pass albumin dialysis (SPAD). Hepatology 2004 May, 39(5):1408-1414.
11. Kjaergard L.L., Liu J., Als-Nielsen B., Gluud C. Artificial and bioartificial support systems for acute and acute-on-chronic liver failure: a systematic review. JAMA 2003 Jan 8, 289(2):217-222.
12. Liu J.P., Gluud L.L., Als-Nielsen B., Gluud C. Artificial and bioartificial support systems for liver failure. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2004, 1:CD003628.
13. Kumar A., Tripathi A., Jain S. Extracorporeal bioartificial liver for treating acute liver diseases. J Extra Corp. Technol. 2011 Dec, 43(4):195-206.
14. Wertheim J.A., Baptista P.M., Soto-Gutierrez A. Cellular therapy and bioartificial approaches to liver replacement. Curr. Opin. Organ. Transplant. 2012 Jun, 17(3):235-240.
15. Stutchfield B.M., Simpson K., Wigmore S.J. Systematic review and meta-analysis of survival following extracorporeal liver support. Br. J. Surg. 2011 May, 98(5):623-631. 10.1002/bjs.7418.
16. Iwata H., Ueda Y. Pharmacokinetic considerations in development of a bioartificial liver. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 2004, 43(4):211-225.
17. Ellis A.J., Hughes R.D., Wendon J.A., Dunne J., Langley P.G., Kelly J.H., Gislason G.T., Sussman N.L., Williams R. Pilot-controlled trial of the extracorporeal liver assist device in acute liver failure. Hepatology 1996 Dec, 24(6):1446-1451.
18. Sauer I.M., Kardassis D., Zeillinger K., Pascher A., Gruenwald A., Pless G., Irgang M., Kraemer M., Puhl G., Frank J., Müller A.R., Steinmüller T., Denner J., Neuhaus P., Gerlach J.C. Clinical extracorporeal hybrid liver support-phase I study with primary porcine liver cells. Xenotransplantation 2003 Sep, 10(5):460-469.
19. Pascher A., Sauer I.M., Neuhaus P. Analysis of allogeneic versus xenogeneic auxiliary organ perfusion in liver failure reveals superior efficacy of human livers. Int. J. Artif. Organs 2002 Oct, 25(10):1006-1012.
20. Dhawan A., Strom S.C., Sokal E., Fox I.J. Human hepatocyte transplantation. Methods Mol. Biol. 2010, 640:525-534.
21. Fitzpatrick E., Mitry R.R., Dhawan A. Human hepatocyte transplantation: state of the art. J. Intern. Med. 2009 Oct, 266(4):339-357.
22. Hughes R.D., Mitry R.R., Dhawan A. Current status of hepatocyte transplantation. Transplantation 2012 Feb 27, 93(4):342-347.
23. Fisher R.A., Strom S.C. Human hepatocyte transplantation: worldwide results. Transplantation 2006 Aug 27, 82(4):441-449.
24. Jorns C., Ellis E.C., Nowak G., Fischler B., Nemeth A., Strom S.C., Ericzon B.G. Hepatocyte transplantation for inherited metabolic diseases of the liver. J. Intern. Med. 2012 Sep, 272(3):201-223. 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2012.02574.x.
25. Soltys K.A., Soto-Gutiérrez A., Nagaya M., Baskin K.M., Deutsch M., Ito R., Shneider B.L., Squires R., Vockley J., Guha C., Roy-Chowdhury J., Strom S.C., Platt J.L., Fox I.J. Barriers to the successful treatment of liver disease by hepatocyte transplantation. J. Hepatol. 2010 Oct, 53(4):769-774. 10.1016/j.jhep.2010.05.010.
26. Uygun B.E., Yarmush M.L. Engineered liver for transplantation. Curr. Opin. Biotechnol. 2013 Oct, 24(5):893-899. 10.1016/j.copbio.2013.05.008.
27. Fox I.J., Duncan S.A. Engineering liver tissue from induced pluripotent stem cells: a first step in generating new organs for transplantation. Hepatology 2013 Dec, 58(6):2198-2201. 10.1002/hep.26737.
28. Gerbal-Chaloin S., Funakoshi N., Caillaud A., Gondeau C., Champon B., Si-Tayeb K. Human induced pluripotent stem cells in hepatology: beyond the proof of concept. Am. J. Pathol. 2014 Feb, 184(2):332-347.
29. Dianat N., Steichen C., Vallier L., Weber A., Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. Human pluripotent stem cells for modelling human liver diseases and cell therapy. Curr. Gene Ther. 2013 Apr, 13(2):120-132.
30. Kasuya J., Tanishita K. Microporous membrane-based liver tissue engineering for the reconstruction of three-dimensional functional liver tissues in vitro. Biomatter 2012 Oct-Dec, 2(4):290-295. 10.4161/biom.22481.
31. Baptista P.M., Siddiqui M.M., Lozier G., Rodriguez S.R., Atala A., Soker S. The use of whole organ decellularization for the generation of a vascularized liver organoid. Hepatology 2011 Feb, 53(2):604-617. 10.1002/hep.24067.
32. Badylak S.F., Taylor D., Uygun K. Whole-organ tissue engineering: decellularization and recellularization of three-dimensional matrix scaffolds. Annu. Rev. Biomed. Eng. 2011 Aug 15, 13:27-53. 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-071910-124743.
33. Uygun B.E., Soto-Gutierrez A., Yagi H., Izamis M.L., Guzzardi M.A., Shulman C., Milwid J., Kobayashi N., Tilles A., Berthiaume F., Hertl M., Nahmias Y., Yarmush M.L., Uygun K. Organ reengineering through development of a transplantable recellularized liver graft using decellularized liver matrix. Nat. Med. 2010 Jul, 16(7):814-820. 10.1038/nm.2170.
34. Caputo M., Saif J., Rajakaruna C., Brooks M., Angelini G.D., Emanueli C. MicroRNAs in vascular tissue engineering and post-ischemic neovascularization. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 2015 May 14, pii: S0169-409X(15)00096-4. [Epub ahead of print]. 10.1016/j.addr.2015.05.003.
35. Yu X., Li Z. MicroRNAs regulate vascular smooth muscle cell functions in atherosclerosis (review). Int. J. Mol. Med. 2014 Oct, 34(4):923-933.
36. Jakob P., Landmesser U. Role of microRNAs in stem/progenitor cells and cardiovascular repair. Cardiovasc. Res. 2012 Mar 15, 93(4):614-622.
37. Kane N.M., Thrasher A.J., Angelini G.D., Emanueli C. Concise review: microRNAs as modulators of stem cells and angiogenesis. Stem Cells 2014 May, 32(5):1059-1066.
38. Carthew R.W., Sontheimer E.J. Origins and mechanisms of miRNAs and siRNAs. Cell 2009 Feb 20, 136(4):642-655. 10.1016/j.cell.2009.01.035.
39. Tüfekci K.U., Meuwissen R.L., Genç S. The role of microRNAs in biological processes. Methods Mol. Biol. 2014, 1107:15-31. 10.1007/978-1-62703-748-8_2. R.
40. Lewis B.P., Shih I.H., Jones-Rhoades M.W., Bartel D.P., Burge C.B. Prediction of mammalian microRNA targets. Cell 2003 Dec 26, 115(7):787-798.
41. Finch M.L., Marquardt J.U., Yeoh G.C., Callus B.A. Regulation of microRNAs and their role in liver development, regeneration and disease. Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol. 2014 Sep, 54C:288-303. 10.1016/j.biocel.2014.04.002.
42. Tzur G., Israel A., Levy A., Benjamin H., Meiri E., Shufaro Y., Meir K., Khvalevsky E., Spector Y., Rojansky N., Bentwich Z., Reubinoff B.E., Galun E. Comprehensive gene and microRNA expression profiling reveals a role for microRNAs in human liver development. PLoS ONE 2009 Oct 20, 4(10):e7511. 10.1371/journal.pone.0007511.
43. Callegari E., Gramantieri L., Domenicali M., D'Abundo L., Sabbioni S., Negrini M. MicroRNAs in liver cancer: a model for investigating pathogenesis and novel therapeutic approaches. Cell Death Differ. 2014 Sep 5, 10.1038/cdd.2014.136.
44. Marquez R.T., Wendlandt E., Galle C.S., Keck K., McCaffrey A.P. MicroRNA-21 is upregulated during the proliferative phase of liver regeneration, targets Pellino-1, and inhibits NF-kappaB signaling. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 2010 Apr, 298(4):G535-G541. 10.1152/ajpgi.00338.2009.
45. Castro R.E., Ferreira D.M., Zhang X., Borralho P.M., Sarver A.L., Zeng Y., Steer C.J., Kren B.T., Rodrigues C.M. Identification of microRNAs during rat liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy and modulation by ursodeoxycholic acid. Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol. 2010 Oct, 299(4):G887-G897. 10.1152/ajpgi.00216.2010.
46. Song G., Sharma A.D., Roll G.R., Ng R., Lee A.Y., Blelloch R.H., Frandsen N.M., Willenbring H. MicroRNAs control hepatocyte proliferation during liver regeneration. Hepatology 2010 May, 51(5):1735-1743. 10.1002/hep.23547.
47. Raschzok N., Werner W., Sallmon H., Billecke N., Dame C., Neuhaus P., Sauer I.M. Temporal expression profiles indicate a primary function for microRNA during the peak of DNA replication after rat partial hepatectomy. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 2011 Jun, 300(6):R1363-R1372. 10.1152/ajpregu.00632.2010.
48. Shu J., Kren B.T., Xia Z., Wong P.Y., Li L., Hanse E.A., Min M.X., Li B., Albrecht J.H., Zeng Y., Subramanian S., Steer C.J. Genomewide microRNA down-regulation as a negative feedback mechanism in the early phases of liver regeneration. Hepatology 2011 Aug, 54(2):609-619. 10.1002/hep.24421.
49. Ng R., Song G., Roll G.R., Frandsen N.M., Willenbring H. A microRNA-21 surge facilitates rapid cyclin D1 translation and cell cycle progression in mouse liver regeneration. J. Clin. Invest. 2012 Mar 1, 122(3):1097-1108. 10.1172/JCI46039.
50. Chen Y., Verfaillie C.M. MicroRNAs: the fine modulators of liver development and function. Liver Int. 2014 Aug, 34(7):976-990. 10.1111/liv.12496.
51. McDaniel K., Herrera L., Zhou T., Francis H., Han Y., Levine P., Lin E., Glaser S., Alpini G., Meng F. The functional role of microRNAs in alcoholic liver injury. J. Cell. Mol. Med. 2014 Feb, 18(2):197-207. 10.1111/jcmm.12223.
52. Padgett K.A., Lan R.Y., Leung P.C., Lleo A., Dawson K., Pfeiff J., Mao T.K., Coppel R.L., Ansari A.A., Gershwin M.E. Primary biliary cirrhosis is associated with altered hepatic microRNA expression. J. Autoimmun. 2009 May-Jun, 32(3-4):246-253. 10.1016/j.jaut.2009.02.022.
53. Szabo G., Bala S. MicroRNAs in liver disease. Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2013 Sep, 10(9):542-552. 10.1038/nrgastro.2013.87.
54. Janssen H.L., Reesink H.W., Lawitz E.J., Zeuzem S., Rodriguez-Torres M., Patel K., van der Meer A.J., Patick A.K., Chen A., Zhou Y., Persson R., King B.D., Kauppinen S., Levin A.A., Hodges M.R. Treatment of HCV infection by targeting microRNA. N. Engl. J. Med. 2013 May 2, 368(18):1685-1694. 10.1056/NEJMoa1209026.
55. Li X., Yang W., Lou L., Chen Y., Wu S., Ding G. microRNA: a promising diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for hepatocellular carcinoma. Dig. Dis. Sci. 2014 Jun, 59(6):1099-1107. 10.1007/s10620-013-3006-1.
56. Ribeiro A.O., Schoof C.R., Izzotti A., Pereira L.V., Vasques L.R. MicroRNAs: modulators of cell identity, and their applications in tissue engineering. Microrna 2014, 3(1):45-53.
57. Wu K., Xu J., Liu M., Song W., Yan J., Gao S., Zhao L., Zhang Y. Induction of osteogenic differentiation of stem cells via a lyophilized microRNA reverse transfection formulation on a tissue culture plate. Int. J. Nanomedicine 2013, 8:1595-1607. 10.2147/IJN.S43244.
58. Mariner P.D., Johannesen E., Anseth K.S. Manipulation of miRNA activity accelerates osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs in engineered 3D scaffolds. J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med. 2012 Apr, 6(4):314-324. 10.1002/term.435.
59. Zhang P., Huang A., Ferruzzi J., Mecham R.P., Starcher B.C., Tellides G., Humphrey J.D., Giordano F.J., Niklason L.E., Sessa W.C. Inhibition of microRNA-29 enhances elastin levels in cells haploinsufficient for elastin and in bioengineered vessels-brief report. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 2012 Mar, 32(3):756-759. 10.1161/ATVBAHA.111.238113.
60. Rhim C., Cheng C.S., Kraus W.E., Truskey G.A. Effect of microRNA modulation on bioartificial muscle function. Tissue Eng. A 2010 Dec, 16(12):3589-3597. 10.1089/ten.TEA.2009.0601.
61. Moorthi A., Vimalraj S., Avani C., He Z., Partridge N.C., Selvamurugan N. Expression of microRNA-30c and its target genes in human osteoblastic cells by nano-bioglass ceramic-treatment. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2013 May, 56:181-185. 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.02.017.
62. Yan-nan B., Zhao-yan Y., Li-xi L., jiang Y., Qing-jie X., Yong Z. MicroRNA-21 accelerates hepatocyte proliferation in vitro via PI3K/Akt signaling by targeting PTEN. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 2014 Jan 17, 443(3):802-807. 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.12.047.
63. Cirera-Salinas D., Pauta M., Allen R.M., Salerno A.G., Ramírez C.M., Chamorro-Jorganes A., Wanschel A.C., Lasuncion M.A., Morales-Ruiz M., Suarez Y., Baldan Á., Esplugues E., Fernández-Hernando C. Mir-33 regulates cell proliferation and cell cycle progression. Cell Cycle 2012 Mar 1, 11(5):922-933. 10.4161/cc.11.5.19421.
64. Zhou J., Ju W., Wang D., Wu L., Zhu X., Guo Z., He X. Down-regulation of microRNA-26a promotes mouse hepatocyte proliferation during liver regeneration. PLoS ONE 2012, 7(4):e33577. 10.1371/journal.pone.0033577.
65. Chen X., Murad M., Cui Y.Y., Yao L.J., Venugopal S.K., Dawson K., Wu J. miRNA regulation of liver growth after 50% partial hepatectomy and small size grafts in rats. Transplantation 2011 Feb 15, 91(3):293-299. 10.1097/TP.0b013e318204756c.
66. Pan C., Chen H., Wang L., Yang S., Fu H., Zheng Y., Miao M., Jiao B. Down-regulation of MiR-127 facilitates hepatocyte proliferation during rat liver regeneration. PLoS ONE 2012, 7(6):e39151. 10.1371/journal.pone.0039151.
67. Yuan Q., Loya K., Rani B., Möbus S., Balakrishnan A., Lamle J., Cathomen T., Vogel A., Manns M.P., Ott M., Cantz T., Sharma A.D. MicroRNA-221 overexpression accelerates hepatocyte proliferation during liver regeneration. Hepatology 2013 Jan, 57(1):299-310. 10.1002/hep.25984.
68. Doddapaneni R., Chawla Y.K., Das A., Kalra J.K., Ghosh S., Chakraborti A. Overexpression of microRNA-122 enhances in vitro hepatic differentiation of fetal liver-derived stem/progenitor cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 2013 Jul, 114(7):1575-1583. 10.1002/jcb.24499.
69. Davoodian N., Lotfi A.S., Soleimani M., Mowla S.J. MicroRNA-122 overexpression promotes hepatic differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells. Cell Biochem. 2014 Sep, 115(9):1582-1593. 10.1002/jcb.24822.
70. Deng X.G., Qiu R.L., Wu Y.H., Li Z.X., Xie P., Zhang J., Zhou J.J., Zeng L.X., Tang J., Maharjan A., Deng J.M. Overexpression of miR-122 promotes the hepatic differentiation and maturation of mouse ESCs through a miR-122/FoxA1/HNF4a-positive feedback loop. Liver Int. 2014 Feb, 34(2):281-295. 10.1111/liv.12239.
71. Tanimizu N., Kobayashi S., Ichinohe N., Mitaka T. Downregulation of miR122 by grainyhead-like 2 restricts the hepatocytic differentiation potential of adult liver progenitor cells. Development 2014 Dec, 141(23):4448-4456.
72. Alizadeh E., Akbarzadeh A., Eslaminejad M.B., Barzegar A., Hashemzadeh S., Nejati-Koshki K., Zarghami N. Up regulation of liver-enriched transcription factors HNF4a and HNF6 and liver-specific microRNA (miR-122) by inhibition of Let-7b in mesenchymal stem cells. Chem. Biol. Drug Des. 2014 Jul 24, 10.1111/cbdd.12398.
73. Wang K.H., Kao A.P., Singh S., Yu S.L., Kao L.P., Tsai Z.Y., Lin S.D., Li S.S. Comparative expression profiles of mRNAs and microRNAs among human mesenchymal stem cells derived from breast, face, and abdominal adipose tissues. Kaohsiung J. Med. Sci. 2010 Mar, 26(3):113-122. 10.1016/S1607-551X(10)70017-6.
74. Davoodian N., Lotfi A.S., Soleimani M., Mola S.J., Arjmand S. Let-7f microRNA negatively regulates hepatic differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells. J. Physiol. Biochem. 2014 Sep, 70(3):781-789. 10.1007/s13105-014-0346-z.
75. Möbus S., Yang D1., Yuan Q., Lüdtke T.H., Balakrishnan A., Sgodda M., Rani B., Kispert A., Araúzo-Bravo M.J., Vogel A., Manns M.P., Ott M., Cantz T., Sharma A.D. MicroRNA-199a-5p inhibition enhances the liver repopulation ability of human embryonic stem cell-derived hepatic cells. J. Hepatol. 2014 Aug 15, (S0168-8278(14)00556-X). 10.1016/j.jhep.2014.08.016.
76. Sharma A.D., Cantz T., Vogel A., Schambach A., Haridass D., Iken M., Bleidissel M., Manns M.P., Schöler H.R., Ott M. Murine embryonic stem cell-derived hepatic progenitor cells engraft in recipient livers with limited capacity of liver tissue formation. Cell Transplant. 2008, 17(3):313-323.
77. Sgodda M., Mobus S., Hoepfner J., Sharma A.D., Schambach A., Greber B., Ott M., Cantz T. Improved hepatic differentiation strategies for human induced pluripotent stem cells. Curr. Mol. Med. 2013 Jun, 13(5):842-855.
78. Cui L., Zhou X., Li J., Wang L., Wang J., Li Q., Chu J., Zheng L., Wu Q., Han Z., Shi Y., Han Y., Fan D. Dynamic microRNA profiles of hepatic differentiated human umbilical cord lining-derived mesenchymal stem cells. PLoS ONE 2012, 7(9):e44737. 10.1371/journal.pone.0044737.
79. Cui L., Shi Y., Zhou X., Wang X., Wang J., Lan Y., Wang M., Zheng L., Li H., Wu Q., Zhang J., Fan D., Han Y. A set of microRNAs mediate direct conversion of human umbilical cord lining-derived mesenchymal stem cells into hepatocytes. Cell Death Dis. 2013 Nov 14, 4:e918. 10.1038/cddis.2013.429.
80. Katsuda T., Kojima N., Ochiya T., Sakai Y. Biliary epithelial cells play an essential role in the reconstruction of hepatic tissue with a functional bile ductular network. Tissue Eng. A 2013 Nov, 19(21-22):2402-2411. 10.1089/ten.TEA.2013.0021.
81. O'Hara S.P., Gradilone S.A., Masyuk T.V., Tabibian J.H., LaRusso N.F. MicroRNAs in cholangiopathies. Curr. Pathobiol. Rep. 2014 Sep 1, 2(3):133-142.
82. Hu C., Huang F., Deng G., Nie W., Huang W., Zeng X. miR-31 promotes oncogenesis in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma cells via the direct suppression of RASA1. Exp. Ther. Med. 2013 Nov, 6(5):1265-1270.
83. Wang Q., Tang H., Yin S., Dong C. Downregulation of microRNA-138 enhances the proliferation, migration and invasion of cholangiocarcinoma cells through the upregulation of RhoC/p-ERK/MMP-2/MMP-9. Oncol. Rep. 2013 May, 29(5):2046-2052. 10.3892/or.2013.2304.
84. Li B., Han Q., Zhu Y., Yu Y., Wang J., Jiang X. Down-regulation of miR-214 contributes to intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma metastasis by targeting Twist. FEBS J. 2012 Jul, 279(13):2393-2398. 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2012.08618.x.
85. - anion exchanger 2 expression in biliary epithelium of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis. Hepatology 2012 Aug, 56(2):687-697. 10.1002/hep.25691.
86. Glaser S., Meng F., Han Y., Onori P., Chow B.K., Francis H., Venter J., McDaniel K., Marzioni M., Invernizzi P., Ueno Y., Lai J.M., Huang L., Standeford H., Alvaro D., Gaudio E., Franchitto A., Alpini G. Secretin stimulates biliary cell proliferation by regulating expression of microRNA 125b and microRNA let7a in mice. Gastroenterology 2014 Jun, 146(7):e12-e808. 10.1053/j.gastro.2014.02.030.
87. An F., Gong B., Wang H., Yu D., Zhao G., Lin L., Tang W., Yu H., Bao S., Xie Q. miR-15b and miR-16 regulate TNF mediated hepatocyte apoptosis via BCL2 in acute liver failure. Apoptosis 2012 Jul, 17(7):702-716.
88. Sharma A.D., Narain N., Händel E.M., Iken M., Singhal N., Cathomen T., Manns M.P., Schöler H.R., Ott M., Cantz T. MicroRNA-221 regulates FAS-induced fulminant liver failure. Hepatology 2011 May, 53(5):1651-1661.
89. Yu D.S., An F.M., Gong B.D., Xiang X.G., Lin L.Y., Wang H., Xie Q. The regulatory role of microRNA-1187 in TNF-α-mediated hepatocyte apoptosis in acute liver failure. Int. J. Mol. Med. 2012 Apr, 29(4):663-668.
90. Cao J., Li X., Lu X., Zhang C., Yu H., Zhao T. Cells derived from iPSC can be immunogenic - yes or no?. Protein Cell 2014 Jan, 5(1):1-3. 10.1007/s13238-013-0003-2.
91. Wang Y., Tian Y., Ding Y., Wang J., Yan S., Zhou L., Xie H., Chen H., Li H., Zhang J., Zhao J., Zheng S. MiR-152 may silence translation of CaMK II and induce spontaneous immune tolerance in mouse liver transplantation. PLoS ONE 2014 Aug 18, 9(8):e105096.
92. Wang P., Yigit M.V., Ran C., Ross A., Wei L., Dai G., Medarova Z., Moore A. A theranostic small interfering RNA nanoprobe protects pancreatic islet grafts from adoptively transferred immune rejection. Diabetes 2012 Dec, 61(12):3247-3254. 10.2337/db12-0441.
93. Ong S.M., Biswas S.K., Wong S.C. MicroRNA-mediated immune modulation as a therapeutic strategy in host-implant integration. Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 2015 May 27, pii: S0169-409X(15)00108-8. [Epub ahead of print]. 10.1016/j.addr.2015.05.013.
94. Lu L.F., Liston A. MicroRNA in the immune system, microRNA as an immune system. Immunology 2009 Jul, 127(3):291-298.
95. Chamuleau R.A., Poyck P.P., van de Kerkhove M.P. Bioartificial liver: its pros and cons. Ther. Apher. Dial. 2006 Apr, 10(2):168-174.
96. Hoppo T., Komori J., Manohar R., Stolz D.B., Lagasse E. Rescue of lethal hepatic failure by hepatized lymph nodes in mice. Gastroenterology 2011 Feb, 140(2):e2-e666. 10.1053/j.gastro.2010.11.006.
97. Leder A., Raschzok N., Schmidt C., Arabacioglu D., Butter A., Kolano S., de Sousa Lisboa L.S., Werner W., Polenz D., Reutzel-Selke A., Pratschke J., Sauer I.M. Micron-sized iron oxide-containing particles for microRNA-targeted manipulation and MRI-based tracking of transplanted cells. Biomaterials 2015 May, 51:129-137.