Understanding ecological factors associated with bullying across the elementary to middle school transition in the United States

Violence and Victims

Volumn 30, Issue 3, 2015, Pages 470-487

  Espelage, Dorothy L ^a   Hong, Jun Sung ^b   Rao, Mrinalini A ^c   Thornberg, Robert ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

^b WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c YALE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d LINKÖPING UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Bullying; Cluster analysis; Early adolescence; Middle school; Transition

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; BULLYING; CHILD; CLASSIFICATION; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; CRIME VICTIMS; DOMINANCE-SUBORDINATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS; MALE; PEER GROUP; PSYCHOLOGY; SCHOOLS; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; STATISTICS AND NUMERICAL DATA; STUDENTS; UNITED STATES;

ADOLESCENT; BULLYING; CHILD; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; CRIME VICTIMS; DOMINANCE-SUBORDINATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS; MALE; PEER GROUP; SCHOOLS; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; STUDENTS; UNITED STATES;

EID: 84931090140     PISSN: 08866708     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1891/0886-6708.VV-D-14-00046     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Achenbach, T. M. (1991). Manual for the Youth Self-Report and 1991 profile. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont, Department of Psychiatry.
2. Aldenderfer, M. S., & Blashfield, R. K. (1984). Cluster analysis. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
3. Anderman, L. H. (2003). Academic and social perceptions as predictors of change in middle school students' sense of school belonging. Journal of Experimental Education, 72, 5-22. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1080/00220970309600877
4. Armsden, G. C., & Greenberg, M. T. (1987). The Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment: Individual differences and their relationship to psychological well-being in adolescence. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16, 427-454. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02202939
5. Bandyopadhyay, S., Cornell, D. G., & Konold, T. R. (2009). Validity of three school climate scales to assess bullying, aggressive attitudes, and help seeking. School Psychology Review, 38, 338-355.
6. Barboza, G. E., Schiamberg, L. B., Oehmke, J., Korzeniewski, S. J., Post, L. A., & Heraux, C. G. (2009). Individual characteristics and the multiple contexts of adolescent bullying: An ecological perspective. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 38, 101-121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/ s10964-008-9271-1
7. Becker, B. E., & Luthar, S. S. (2002). Social-emotional factors affecting achievement outcomes among disadvantaged students: Closing the achievement gap. Educational Psychologist, 37, 197-214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15326985EP3704_1
8. Belgrave, F. Z. (2009). African American girls: Reframing perceptions and changing experiences. New York, NY: Springer Publishing.
9. Bergin, C., & Bergin, D. (2009). Attachment in the classroom. Educational Psychology Review, 21, 141-170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10648-009-9104-0
10. Borgen, F. H., & Barnett, D. C. (1987). Applying cluster analysis in counseling psychology research. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 34, 456-468. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.34.4.456
11. Bronfenbrenner, U. (1979). The ecology of human development: Experiments by nature and design. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
12. Bukowski, W. M., Sippola, L. K., & Newcomb, A. F. (2000). Variations in patterns of attraction of same- and other-sex peers during early adolescence. Developmental Psychology, 36, 147-154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.36.2.147
13. Burchinal, M. R., Roberts, J. E., Zeisel, S. A., & Rowley, S. J. (2008). Social risk and protective factors for African American children's academic achievement and adjustment during the transition to middle school. Developmental Psychology, 44, 286-292. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.44.1.286
14. Card, N., Stucky, B., Sawalani, G., & Little, T. (2008). Direct and indirect aggression during childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic review of gender differences, intercorrelations, and relations to maladjustment. Child Development, 79, 1185-1229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ j.1467-8624.2008.01184.x
15. Cook, C. R., Williams, K. R., Guerra, N. G., Kim, T. E., & Sadek, S. (2010). Predictors of bullying and victimization in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analytic investigation. School Psychology Quarterly, 25, 65-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0020149
16. Cook, E. T., Greenberg, M. T., & Kusche, C. A. (1995, March). People in my life: Attachment relationships in middle childhood. Paper presented at the Society for Research in Child Development, Indianapolis, IN.
17. Crick, N. R., Casas, J. F., & Mosher, M. (1997). Relational and overt aggression in preschool. Developmental Psychology, 33, 579-588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.33.4.579
18. Espelage, D. L. (2012). Bullying prevention: A research dialogue with Dorothy Espelage. Prevention Researcher, 19, 17-19.
19. Espelage, D. L., Basile, K. C., & Hamburger, M. E. (2012). Bullying experiences and co-occurring sexual violence perpetration among middle school students: Shared and unique risk factors. Journal of Adolescent Health, 50, 60-65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.07.015
20. Espelage, D. L., & Holt, M. K. (2001). Bullying and victimization during early adolescence: Peer influences and psychosocial correlates. In R. A. Geffner, M. Loring, & C. Young (Eds.), Bullying behavior: Current issues, research, and interventions (pp. 123-142). New York, NY: Haworth Press.
21. Espelage, D. L., Holt, M. K., & Henkel, R. R. (2003). Examination of peer-group contextual effects on aggression during early adolescence. Child Development, 74, 205-220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00531
22. Espelage, D. L., Low, S., Rao, M. A., Hong, J. S., & Little, T. (2014). Family violence, bullying, fighting, and substance use among adolescents: A longitudinal transactional model. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 24, 337-349. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jora.12060
23. Espelage, D. L., & Swearer, S. M. (Eds.). (2011). Bullying in North American schools (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.
24. Farmer, T. W., Petrin, R. A., Robertson, D. L., Fraser, M. W., Hall, C. M., Day. S. H., & Dadisman, K. (2010). Peer relations of bullies, bully-victims, and victims: The two social worlds of bullying in second-grade classrooms. Elementary School Journal, 110, 364-392. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/648983
25. Garcia Coll, C., Lamberty, G., Jenkins, R., McAdoo, H. P., Crnic, K., Wasik, B. H., & Garcia, H. V. (1996). An integrative model for the study of developmental competencies in minority children. Child Development, 67, 1891-1914. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1996.tb01834.x
26. Gendron, B. P., Williams, K. R., & Guerra, N. G. (2011). An analysis of bullying among students within schools: Estimating the effects of individual normative beliefs, self-esteem, and school climate. Journal of School Violence, 10, 150-164. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/ 15388220.2010.539166
27. Gladden, R. M., Vivolo-Kantor, A. M., Hamburger, M. E., & Lumpkin, C. D. (2014). Bullying surveillance among youths: Uniform definitions for public health and recommended data elements, version 1.0. Atlanta, GA: National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and U.S. Department of Education.
28. Goodenow, C. (1993). The Psychological Sense of School Membership among adolescents: Scale development and educational correlates. Psychology in the Schools, 30, 79-90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1520-6807(199301)30:1<79::AID-PITS2310300113>3.0.CO;2-X
29. Hair, J. F. J., & Black, W. C. (2000). Cluster analysis. In L. G. Grimm & P. R. Yarnold (Eds.), Reading and understanding More multivariate statistics (pp. 147-205). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
30. Harter, S. (1985). Manual for the self-perception profile for children. Denver, CO: University of Denver.
31. Holt, M. K., & Espelage, D. L. (2007). Perceived social support among bullies, victims, and bully-victims. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 36, 984-994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10964-006-9153-3
32. Hong, J. S., & Espelage, D. L. (2012). A review of research on bullying and peer victimization in school: An ecological systems analysis. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17, 311-322. http:// dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2012.03.003
33. Jennings, P. A., & Greenberg, M. T. (2009). The prosocial classroom: Teacher social and emotional competence in relation to student and classroom outcomes. Review of Educational Research, 79, 491-525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/0034654308325693
34. Kinder, B. N., Curtiss, G., & Kalichman, S. (1991). Cluster analyses of headache-patient MMPI scores: A cross-validation. Psychological Assessment, 3, 226-231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.3.2.226
35. Koo, D. J., Peguero, A. A., & Shekarkhar, Z. (2012). Gender, immigration, and school victimization. Victims & Offenders, 7, 77-96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15564886.2011.629773
36. Low, S., & Espelage, D. L. (2012). Differentiating cyber bullying perpetration from other forms of peer aggression: Commonalities across race, individual, and family predictors. Psychology of Violence, 3, 39-52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0030308
37. McDougall, P., & Hymel, S. (1998). Moving into middle school: Individual differences in the transition experience. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 30, 108-120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0085811
38. Meehan, B. T., Hughes, J. N., & Cavell, T. A. (2003). Teacher-student relationships as compensatory resources for aggressive children. Child Development, 74, 1145-1157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8624.00598
39. Milligan, G. W. (1980). An examination of the effect of six types of error perturbation on fifteen clustering algorithms. Psychometrika, 45, 325-342. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02293907
40. Nansel, T. R., Haynie, D. L., & Simons-Morton, B. G. (2003). The association of bullying and victimization with middle school adjustment. Journal of Applied School Psychology, 19, 45-61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/J008v19n02_04
41. Nansel, T. R., Overpeck, M., Pilla, R. S., Ruan, W. J., Simons-Morton, B., & Scheidt, P. (2001). Bullying behaviors among US youth: Prevalence and association with psychosocial adjustment. Journal of the American Medical Association, 285, 2094-2100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.285.16.2094
42. Neal, J. W. (2007). Why social networks matter: A structural approach to the study of relational forms of aggression in middle childhood and adolescence. Child and Youth Care Forum, 36, 195-211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10566-007-9042-2
43. Patterson, G. R. (1982). Coercive family process. Eugene, OR: Castalia.
44. Patterson, G. R., Dishion, T. J., & Bank, L. (1984). Family interaction: A process model of deviancy training. Aggressive Behavior, 10, 253-267. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1098-2337(1984) 10:3<253::AID-AB2480100309>3.0.CO;2-2
45. Pellegrini, A. (2002). Bullying, victimization, and sexual harassment during the transition to middle school. Educational Psychologist, 37, 151-163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/S15326985EP3703_2
46. Pellegrini, A. D., & Bartini, M. (2000). A longitudinal study of bullying, victimization, and peer affiliation during the transition from primary school to middle school. American Educational Research Journal, 37, 699-725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/00028312037003699
47. Pellegrini, A., & Long, J. D. (2002). A longitudinal study of bullying, dominance, and victimization during the transition from primary school through secondary school. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 20, 259-280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/026151002166442
48. Prinstein, M. J., & Aikins, J. W. (2004). Cognitive moderators of the longitudinal association between peer rejection and adolescent depressive symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 32, 147-158. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/B:JACP.0000019767.55592.63
49. Robinson, N. S., Garber, J., & Hilsman, R. (1995). Cognitions and stress: Direct and moderating effects on depressive versus externalizing symptoms during the junior high school transition. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 104, 453-463. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.104.3.45
50. Rodkin, P. C., & Hodges, E. V. E. (2003). Bullies and victims in the peer ecology: Four questions for school service providers and social development research. School Psychology Review, 32, 384-400.
51. Seidman, E., Allen, L., Aber, J., Mitchell, C., & Feinmann, J. (1994). The impact of school transitions in early adolescence on the self-system and perceived social context of poor urban youth. Child Development, 65, 507-522. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1131399
52. Tillery, A. D., Varjas, K., Roach, A. T., Kuperminc, G. P., & Meyers, J. (2013). The importance of adult connections in adolescents' sense of school belonging: Implications for schools and practitioners. Journal of School Violence, 12, 134-155. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15388220.2012.762518
53. Ttofi, M. M., Farrington, D. P., Lösel, F., & Loeber, R. (2011). Do the victims of school bullies tend to become depressed later in life? A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Journal of Aggression, Conflict and Peace Research, 3, 63-73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/17596591111132873
54. Vaillancourt, T., Brittain, H., Bennett, L., Arnocky, S., McDougall, P., Hymel, S.,... Cunningham, L. (2010). Places to avoid: Population-based study of student reports of unsafe and high bullying areas at school. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 25, 40-54.
55. Varjas, K., Henrich, C. C., & Meyers, J. (2009). Urban middle school students' perceptions of bullying, cyberbullying, and school safety. Journal of School Violence, 8, 159-176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15388220802074165
56. Wang, J., Iannotti, R. J., & Nansel, T. R. (2009). School bullying among adolescents in the United States: Physical, verbal, relational, and cyber. Journal of Adolescent Health, 45, 368-375. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.03.021
57. Ward, J. H. (1963). Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 58, 236-244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1963.10500845
58. Young, D. H. (2004). Does school connectedness predict bullying? An analysis of perceptions among public middle school students. Dissertation Abstracts International Selection A: Humanities and Social Sciences, 64, 3959.