메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 80, Issue 1, 2015, Pages M129-M136

Application of Autochthonous Mixed Starter for Controlled Kedong Sufu Fermentation in Pilot Plant Tests

Author keywords

Autochthonous mixed starter; Biogenic amines; Free amino acid; Peptide; Sufu

Indexed keywords

KOCURIA KRISTINAE; MICROCOCCUS LUTEUS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS CARNOSUS;

EID: 84923263786     PISSN: 00221147     EISSN: 17503841     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12740     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (9)

References (55)
  • 2
    • 27744564241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multivariate modelling of relationships between proteolysis and sensory quality of Präst cheese
    • Are HP, Siv S, Tomas I, Grethe IB, Terje S. 2006. Multivariate modelling of relationships between proteolysis and sensory quality of Präst cheese. Int Dairy J 16:225-35.
    • (2006) Int Dairy J , vol.16 , pp. 225-235
    • Are, H.P.1    Siv, S.2    Tomas, I.3    Grethe, I.B.4    Terje, S.5
  • 3
    • 0038615869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbiological safety and quality of commercial sufu-a Chinese fermented soybean food
    • BeiZhong H, Beumer RR, Rombouts FM, Nout MJR. 2001. Microbiological safety and quality of commercial sufu-a Chinese fermented soybean food. Food Control 12:541-7.
    • (2001) Food Control , vol.12 , pp. 541-547
    • BeiZhong, H.1    Beumer, R.R.2    Rombouts, F.M.3    Nout, M.J.R.4
  • 5
    • 0000025184 scopus 로고
    • Effect of salt concentration and incubation temperature on formation of histamine, phenethylamine, tryptamine and tyramine during miso fermentation
    • Chin KDH, Koehler PE. 1986. Effect of salt concentration and incubation temperature on formation of histamine, phenethylamine, tryptamine and tyramine during miso fermentation. J Food Protect 49:423-7.
    • (1986) J Food Protect , vol.49 , pp. 423-427
    • Chin, K.D.H.1    Koehler, P.E.2
  • 6
    • 84923262988 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of bacteria with hydrolysis of soybean protein and its enzymology properties
    • Dan R, Xi C, Juan-juan L, Zhen F. 2012. Identification of bacteria with hydrolysis of soybean protein and its enzymology properties. China Brewing 31:37-41.
    • (2012) China Brewing , vol.31 , pp. 37-41
    • Dan, R.1    Xi, C.2    Juan-juan, L.3    Zhen, F.4
  • 7
    • 77949461285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • HACCP in the malting and brewing production chain: mycotoxin, nitrosamine and biogenic amine risks
    • Erzetti M, Marconi O, Bravi E, Perretti G, Montanari L, Fantozzi P. 2009. HACCP in the malting and brewing production chain: mycotoxin, nitrosamine and biogenic amine risks. Ital J Food Sci 21:211-30.
    • (2009) Ital J Food Sci , vol.21 , pp. 211-230
    • Erzetti, M.1    Marconi, O.2    Bravi, E.3    Perretti, G.4    Montanari, L.5    Fantozzi, P.6
  • 8
    • 84873536237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of sensory quality of calf chops: a new methodological approach
    • Etaio I, Gil PF, Ojed M, Albisu M, Salmerón J, Pérez EFJ. 2013. Evaluation of sensory quality of calf chops: a new methodological approach. Meat Sci 94:105-14.
    • (2013) Meat Sci , vol.94 , pp. 105-114
    • Etaio, I.1    Gil, P.F.2    Ojed, M.3    Albisu, M.4    Salmerón, J.5    Pérez, E.F.J.6
  • 10
    • 0028897144 scopus 로고
    • Traditional soyfoods: processing and products
    • Golbitz P. 1995. Traditional soyfoods: processing and products. J Nutr 125(3 Suppl.):570S-2S.
    • (1995) J Nutr , vol.125 , Issue.3 , pp. 570S-572S
    • Golbitz, P.1
  • 11
    • 70349843631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acceleration of cheese ripening at elevated temperature: an estimation of the optimal ripening time of a traditional Argentinean hard cheese
    • Guillermo A, Sihufe SE, Zorrilla MC, Perotti IV, Wolf CA, Zalazar NG, Sabbag SC, Costa AC, Rubiolo . 2010. Acceleration of cheese ripening at elevated temperature: an estimation of the optimal ripening time of a traditional Argentinean hard cheese. Food Chem 119:101-7.
    • (2010) Food Chem , vol.119 , pp. 101-107
    • Guillermo, A.1    Sihufe, S.E.2    Zorrilla, M.C.3    Perotti, I.V.4    Wolf, C.A.5    Zalazar, N.G.6    Sabbag, S.C.7    Costa, A.C.8    Rubiolo9
  • 12
    • 21344458086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection and improvement of lactic acid bacteria used in meat and sausage fermentation
    • Hammes WP, Hertel C. 1996. Selection and improvement of lactic acid bacteria used in meat and sausage fermentation. Le Lait 76:159-68.
    • (1996) Le Lait , vol.76 , pp. 159-168
    • Hammes, W.P.1    Hertel, C.2
  • 14
    • 33845992160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of addition of native cultures on characteristics of Armada cheese manufactured with pasteurized milk: a preliminary study
    • Herreros MA, Arenas R, Sandoval MH, Castro JM, Fresno JM, Tornadijo ME. 2007. Effect of addition of native cultures on characteristics of Armada cheese manufactured with pasteurized milk: a preliminary study. Int Dairy J 17:328-35.
    • (2007) Int Dairy J , vol.17 , pp. 328-335
    • Herreros, M.A.1    Arenas, R.2    Sandoval, M.H.3    Castro, J.M.4    Fresno, J.M.5    Tornadijo, M.E.6
  • 15
    • 84863481976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality scoring-a tool for sensory evaluation of cheese?
    • Hilde K, Steffen S, Roger K, Abrahamsen . 2012. Quality scoring-a tool for sensory evaluation of cheese? Food Qual Preference 26:221-30.
    • (2012) Food Qual Preference , vol.26 , pp. 221-230
    • Hilde, K.1    Steffen, S.2    Roger, K.3    Abrahamsen4
  • 16
    • 0031256337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of starter cultures in fermentation on a household scale
    • Holzapfel WH. 1997. Use of starter cultures in fermentation on a household scale. Food Control 8:241-58.
    • (1997) Food Control , vol.8 , pp. 241-258
    • Holzapfel, W.H.1
  • 17
    • 84870381913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterization of a Bacillus subtilis strain HB-1 isolated from Yandou, a fermented soybean food in China
    • Huibin Q, Hongjiang Y, Zhijun Q, Songsong G, Zheng L. 2013. Identification and characterization of a Bacillus subtilis strain HB-1 isolated from Yandou, a fermented soybean food in China. Food Control 31:22-7.
    • (2013) Food Control , vol.31 , pp. 22-27
    • Huibin, Q.1    Hongjiang, Y.2    Zhijun, Q.3    Songsong, G.4    Zheng, L.5
  • 18
    • 84874576997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of inoculation of selected Staphylococcus xylosus and Lactobacillus plantarum strains on biochemical, microbiological and textural characteristics of a Tunisian dry fermented sausage
    • Ines E, Mnasser H. 2013. Effect of inoculation of selected Staphylococcus xylosus and Lactobacillus plantarum strains on biochemical, microbiological and textural characteristics of a Tunisian dry fermented sausage. Food Control 32:707-14.
    • (2013) Food Control , vol.32 , pp. 707-714
    • Ines, E.1    Mnasser, H.2
  • 21
    • 78049433249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Free-amino acid profiles of thua nao, a Thai fermented soybean
    • Katekan D, Arunee A, Ekachai C, Richard AF. 2011. Free-amino acid profiles of thua nao, a Thai fermented soybean. Food Chem 125:342-7.
    • (2011) Food Chem , vol.125 , pp. 342-347
    • Katekan, D.1    Arunee, A.2    Ekachai, C.3    Richard, A.F.4
  • 22
    • 0001677895 scopus 로고
    • Role of free amino acids and peptides in food taste
    • Teranishi R, Buttery RG, Shahidi F, editors. . Washington, D.C.: American Chemical Society
    • Kato H, Rhue MR, Nishimura T. 1989. Role of free amino acids and peptides in food taste. In: Teranishi R, Buttery RG, Shahidi F, editors. Flavor chemistry trends and developments. Washington, D.C.: American Chemical Society. p 158-74.
    • (1989) Flavor chemistry trends and developments , pp. 158-174
    • Kato, H.1    Rhue, M.R.2    Nishimura, T.3
  • 23
    • 0034212987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of starter culture in the fermentation of cassava for the production of "kivunde," a traditional Tanzanian food product
    • Kimaryo VM, Massawe GA, Olasupo NA, Holzapfel WH. 2000. The use of starter culture in the fermentation of cassava for the production of "kivunde, " a traditional Tanzanian food product. Int J Food Microbiol 56:179-90.
    • (2000) Int J Food Microbiol , vol.56 , pp. 179-190
    • Kimaryo, V.M.1    Massawe, G.A.2    Olasupo, N.A.3    Holzapfel, W.H.4
  • 24
    • 5744240079 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A survey of biogenic amines in commercial Portuguese wines
    • Leitao MC, Marques AP, San RMV. 2005. A survey of biogenic amines in commercial Portuguese wines. Food Control 16:199-204.
    • (2005) Food Control , vol.16 , pp. 199-204
    • Leitao, M.C.1    Marques, A.P.2    San, R.M.V.3
  • 25
    • 33746569087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemical and sensory characteristics of low molecular weight fractions obtained from three types of Japanese soy sauce (shoyu)-Koikuchi, tamari and shiro shoyu
    • Lioe HN, Wade K, Aoki T, Yasuda M. 2007. Chemical and sensory characteristics of low molecular weight fractions obtained from three types of Japanese soy sauce (shoyu)-Koikuchi, tamari and shiro shoyu. Food Chem 100:1669-77.
    • (2007) Food Chem , vol.100 , pp. 1669-1677
    • Lioe, H.N.1    Wade, K.2    Aoki, T.3    Yasuda, M.4
  • 26
    • 71549127088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of starter cultures on microbial ecosystem and biogenic amines in fermented sausage
    • Lu S, Xu X, Zhou G, Zhu Z, Meng Y, Sun Y. 2010. Effect of starter cultures on microbial ecosystem and biogenic amines in fermented sausage. Food Control 21:444-9.
    • (2010) Food Control , vol.21 , pp. 444-449
    • Lu, S.1    Xu, X.2    Zhou, G.3    Zhu, Z.4    Meng, Y.5    Sun, Y.6
  • 28
    • 78049446886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection and quantification of biogenic amines in fermented food products sold in Botswana
    • Magwamba C, Matsheka MI, Mpuchane S, Gashe BA. 2010. Detection and quantification of biogenic amines in fermented food products sold in Botswana. J Food Protect 73:1703-8.
    • (2010) J Food Protect , vol.73 , pp. 1703-1708
    • Magwamba, C.1    Matsheka, M.I.2    Mpuchane, S.3    Gashe, B.A.4
  • 29
    • 79952537525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Umami taste characteristics of water extract of Doenjang, a Korean soybean paste: low-molecular acidic peptides may be a possible clue to the taste
    • Mee-Ra R, Eun-Young K. 2011. Umami taste characteristics of water extract of Doenjang, a Korean soybean paste: low-molecular acidic peptides may be a possible clue to the taste. Food Chem 127:1210-5.
    • (2011) Food Chem , vol.127 , pp. 1210-1215
    • Mee-Ra, R.1    Eun-Young, K.2
  • 30
    • 77950797411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Whole genome assembly of a natto production strain Bacillus subtilis natto from very short read data
    • Nishito Y, Osana Y, Hachiya T, Popendorf K, Toyoda A, Fujiyama A. 2010. Whole genome assembly of a natto production strain Bacillus subtilis natto from very short read data. BMC Genom 11:243. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-11-243.
    • (2010) BMC Genom , vol.11 , pp. 243
    • Nishito, Y.1    Osana, Y.2    Hachiya, T.3    Popendorf, K.4    Toyoda, A.5    Fujiyama, A.6
  • 31
    • 31044432822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The comparative ability of four isolates of Bacillus subtilis to ferment soybeans into dawadawa
    • Nora NT, Esther SD, Wisdom KAA. 2006. The comparative ability of four isolates of Bacillus subtilis to ferment soybeans into dawadawa. Int J Food Microbiol 106:145-52.
    • (2006) Int J Food Microbiol , vol.106 , pp. 145-152
    • Nora, N.T.1    Esther, S.D.2    Wisdom, K.A.A.3
  • 32
    • 0027140072 scopus 로고
    • Effect of processing conditions on the formation of biogenic amines and ethyl carbamate in soybean tempe
    • Nout MJR, Ruikes MMW, Bouwmeester HM, Beljaars PR. 1993. Effect of processing conditions on the formation of biogenic amines and ethyl carbamate in soybean tempe. J Food Safety 13:293-303.
    • (1993) J Food Safety , vol.13 , pp. 293-303
    • Nout, M.J.R.1    Ruikes, M.M.W.2    Bouwmeester, H.M.3    Beljaars, P.R.4
  • 33
    • 81855175912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RP-HPLC peptide profiling of cheese extracts: a study of sources of variation, repeatability and reproducibility
    • Parente E, Patel H, Caldeo V, Piraino P, McSweeney PHL. 2012. RP-HPLC peptide profiling of cheese extracts: a study of sources of variation, repeatability and reproducibility. Food Chem 131:1552-60.
    • (2012) Food Chem , vol.131 , pp. 1552-1560
    • Parente, E.1    Patel, H.2    Caldeo, V.3    Piraino, P.4    McSweeney, P.H.L.5
  • 34
    • 33847706849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formation of taste and odor compounds during preparation of Douchiba, a Chinese traditional soy-fermented appetizer
    • Qin L, Ding X. 2007. Formation of taste and odor compounds during preparation of Douchiba, a Chinese traditional soy-fermented appetizer. J Food Biochem 31:230-51.
    • (2007) J Food Biochem , vol.31 , pp. 230-251
    • Qin, L.1    Ding, X.2
  • 35
    • 79954634202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of autochthonous starter cultures in the production of "salchichón," a traditional Iberian dry-fermented sausage, with different ripening processes
    • Rocío C, María JB, Alberto M, Santiago RM, Alejandro H, María GC. 2011. Effect of autochthonous starter cultures in the production of "salchichón, " a traditional Iberian dry-fermented sausage, with different ripening processes. LWT-Food Sci Technol 44:1562-71.
    • (2011) LWT-Food Sci Technol , vol.44 , pp. 1562-1571
    • Rocío, C.1    María, J.B.2    Alberto, M.3    Santiago, R.M.4    Alejandro, H.5    María, G.C.6
  • 36
    • 80055088566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbiological quality of salchichón and chorizo, traditional Iberian dry-fermented sausages from two different industries, inoculated with autochthonous starter cultures
    • Rocío C, María JB, Alberto M, Santiago RM, Emilio A, María GC. 2012a. Microbiological quality of salchichón and chorizo, traditional Iberian dry-fermented sausages from two different industries, inoculated with autochthonous starter cultures. Food Control 24:191-8.
    • (2012) Food Control , vol.24 , pp. 191-198
    • Rocío, C.1    María, J.B.2    Alberto, M.3    Santiago, R.M.4    Emilio, A.5    María, G.C.6
  • 37
    • 84859718221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the effects of a commercial and an autochthonous Pediococcus acidilactici and Staphylococcus vitulus starter culture on the sensory and safety properties of a traditional Iberian dry-fermented sausage "salchichón"
    • Rocío C, María JB, Alberto M, Santiago RM, Francisco PN, María GC. 2012b. Comparison of the effects of a commercial and an autochthonous Pediococcus acidilactici and Staphylococcus vitulus starter culture on the sensory and safety properties of a traditional Iberian dry-fermented sausage "salchichón". Int J Food Sci Technol 47:1011-9.
    • (2012) Int J Food Sci Technol , vol.47 , pp. 1011-1019
    • Rocío, C.1    María, J.B.2    Alberto, M.3    Santiago, R.M.4    Francisco, P.N.5    María, G.C.6
  • 38
    • 84871648461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of biogenic amines in sufu (furu): a Chinese traditional fermented soybean food product
    • RongFa G, ZhenFeng L, JinJie Z, YunXiao W, Said W, DongHong L, XingQian Y. 2013. Investigation of biogenic amines in sufu (furu): a Chinese traditional fermented soybean food product. Food Control 31:345-52.
    • (2013) Food Control , vol.31 , pp. 345-352
    • RongFa, G.1    ZhenFeng, L.2    JinJie, Z.3    YunXiao, W.4    Said, W.5    DongHong, L.6    XingQian, Y.7
  • 40
    • 0005225952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biogenic amines: their importance in foods
    • Santos MHS. 1996. Biogenic amines: their importance in foods. Int J Food Microbiol 129:213-31.
    • (1996) Int J Food Microbiol , vol.129 , pp. 213-231
    • Santos, M.H.S.1
  • 42
  • 43
    • 47549084015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensory and analytical characterization of nonvolatile taste-active compounds in bottom-fermented beers
    • Schoenberger C, Krottenthaler M, Back W. 2002. Sensory and analytical characterization of nonvolatile taste-active compounds in bottom-fermented beers. MBAA 39:210-7.
    • (2002) MBAA , vol.39 , pp. 210-217
    • Schoenberger, C.1    Krottenthaler, M.2    Back, W.3
  • 44
    • 0038404346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chinese sufu
    • Steinkraus KH, editor. . New York, NY: Marcel Dekker. p -.
    • Steinkraus KH. 1996. Chinese sufu. In: Steinkraus KH, editor. Handbook of indigenous fermented foods. New York, NY: Marcel Dekker. p 633-41.
    • (1996) Handbook of indigenous fermented foods , pp. 633-641
    • Steinkraus, K.H.1
  • 45
    • 77953089407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of bacterial and fungal communities in Japanese and Chinese-fermented soybean pastes using nested PCR-DGGE
    • Tae-Woon K, Jun-Hwa L, Min-Hee P, Hae-Yeong K. 2010. Analysis of bacterial and fungal communities in Japanese and Chinese-fermented soybean pastes using nested PCR-DGGE. Curr Microbiol 60:315-20.
    • (2010) Curr Microbiol , vol.60 , pp. 315-320
    • Tae-Woon, K.1    Jun-Hwa, L.2    Min-Hee, P.3    Hae-Yeong, K.4
  • 46
    • 84858798748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MALDI based identification of soybean protein markers: possible analytical targets for allergen detection in processed foods
    • Tatiana CU, Bruno DMU, Bart DU. 2012. MALDI based identification of soybean protein markers: possible analytical targets for allergen detection in processed foods. PEPTIDES 33:187-96.
    • (2012) PEPTIDES , vol.33 , pp. 187-196
    • Tatiana, C.U.1    Bruno, D.M.U.2    Bart, D.U.3
  • 47
    • 84875622424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The characteristic sufu in China
    • Tu RL, Li GG, editors. . Beijing: Light Industry Press. p -.
    • Tu RL, Li GG. 2009. The characteristic sufu in China. In: Tu RL, Li GG, editors. The production of sufu in China. Beijing: Light Industry Press. p 230-2.
    • (2009) The production of sufu in China , pp. 230-232
    • Tu, R.L.1    Li, G.G.2
  • 48
    • 84923228867 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3rd ed. Washington, D.C.: Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration
    • Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Office of Seafood.
    • USFDA. 2001. Fish and fishery products hazards and controls guide. 3rd ed. Washington, D.C.: Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Office of Seafood.
    • (2001) Fish and fishery products hazards and controls guide
  • 49
    • 84923229856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protease from Micrococcus luteus KDF1: properties and characterization of its hydrolysates from soy protein
    • Xi C, Hong C, Mao L, Chun-qiu L, Hui-min Z, Miao X, Zhen F. 2013. Protease from Micrococcus luteus KDF1: properties and characterization of its hydrolysates from soy protein. Food Fermn Ind China 39:11-7.
    • (2013) Food Fermn Ind China , vol.39 , pp. 11-17
    • Xi, C.1    Hong, C.2    Mao, L.3    Chun-qiu, L.4    Hui-min, Z.5    Miao, X.6    Zhen, F.7
  • 50
    • 84869087142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fermented food products made with vegetable materials from tropical and warm countries: microbial and technological considerations
    • Yann Demarigny. 2012. Fermented food products made with vegetable materials from tropical and warm countries: microbial and technological considerations. Int J Food Sci Technol 47:2469-76.
    • (2012) Int J Food Sci Technol , vol.47 , pp. 2469-2476
    • Yann, D.1
  • 51
    • 0034878905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cheese flavour formation by amino acid catabolism
    • Yvon M, Rijnen L. 2001. Cheese flavour formation by amino acid catabolism. Int Dairy J 11:185-201.
    • (2001) Int Dairy J , vol.11 , pp. 185-201
    • Yvon, M.1    Rijnen, L.2
  • 52
    • 84875581192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of bacterial flora during the ripening of Kedong sufu, a typical Chinese traditional bacteria-fermented soybean product
    • Zhen F, Wei G, Dan R, Xi C, JuanJuan L. 2013a. Evaluation of bacterial flora during the ripening of Kedong sufu, a typical Chinese traditional bacteria-fermented soybean product. J Sci Food Agr 93:1471-8.
    • (2013) J Sci Food Agr , vol.93 , pp. 1471-1478
    • Zhen, F.1    Wei, G.2    Dan, R.3    Xi, C.4    JuanJuan, L.5
  • 53
    • 84872816153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An alkaline protease from Kocuria kristinae F7: properties and characterization of its hydrolysates from soy protein
    • Zhen F, Xi C, JuanJuan L, Dan R. 2013b. An alkaline protease from Kocuria kristinae F7: properties and characterization of its hydrolysates from soy protein. Eur Food Res Technol 236:293-301.
    • (2013) Eur Food Res Technol , vol.236 , pp. 293-301
    • Zhen, F.1    Xi, C.2    JuanJuan, L.3    Dan, R.4
  • 54
    • 84896108484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accelerated ripening of Kedong sufu with autochthonous starter cultures Kocuria rosea KDF3 and its protease KP3 as adjuncts
    • Zhen F, Hong C, XinTong L, HongLing D, Xi C, JuanJuan L, Ling G. 2014. Accelerated ripening of Kedong sufu with autochthonous starter cultures Kocuria rosea KDF3 and its protease KP3 as adjuncts. J Appl Microbiol 116:877-89.
    • (2014) J Appl Microbiol , vol.116 , pp. 877-889
    • Zhen, F.1    Hong, C.2    XinTong, L.3    HongLing, D.4    Xi, C.5    JuanJuan, L.6    Ling, G.7


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.