메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 129, Issue , 2015, Pages 1-9

Understanding history, and not repeating it. Neuroprotection for acute ischemic stroke: From review to preview

Author keywords

Acute stroke; Angiography; Brain ischemia; Drug trials; Neuroprotection

Indexed keywords

4 PHOSPHONOMETHYLPIPECOLIC ACID; 6,7 DICHLORO 5 NITRO 2,3 QUINOXALINEDIONE; CATION CHANNEL; CITICOLINE; CLOMETHIAZOLE; DISUFENTON SODIUM; ENLIMOMAB; FLUNARIZINE; GAVESTINEL; GLUTAMIC ACID; LUBELUZOLE; MAGNESIUM; NALMEFENE; NEUROPROTECTIVE AGENT; REPINOTAN; ROVELIZUMAB; TRAFERMIN; TRAXOPRODIL; FIBRINOLYTIC AGENT;

EID: 84919625840     PISSN: 03038467     EISSN: 18726968     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2014.11.013     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (84)

References (85)
  • 1
    • 79751531393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart disease and stroke statistics - 2011 update: A report from the American Heart Association
    • V.L. Roger, A.S. Go, D.M. Lloyd-Jones, R.J. Adams, J.D. Berry, and T.M. Brown Heart disease and stroke statistics - 2011 update: a report from the American Heart Association Circulation 123 4 2011 e18 e209
    • (2011) Circulation , vol.123 , Issue.4 , pp. 18-e209
    • Roger, V.L.1    Go, A.S.2    Lloyd-Jones, D.M.3    Adams, R.J.4    Berry, J.D.5    Brown, T.M.6
  • 2
    • 0037385086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological impact in the United States of a tissue-based definition of transient ischemic attack
    • B. Ovbiagele, C.S. Kidwell, and J.L. Saver Epidemiological impact in the United States of a tissue-based definition of transient ischemic attack Stroke 34 4 2003 919 924
    • (2003) Stroke , vol.34 , Issue.4 , pp. 919-924
    • Ovbiagele, B.1    Kidwell, C.S.2    Saver, J.L.3
  • 3
    • 0000594921 scopus 로고
    • Physiology of cerebral blood flow
    • A.M. Harper Physiology of cerebral blood flow Br J Anaesth 37 1965 225 235
    • (1965) Br J Anaesth , vol.37 , pp. 225-235
    • Harper, A.M.1
  • 5
    • 0023189753 scopus 로고
    • Dextrorphan and dextromethorphan attenuate hypoxic injury in neuronal culture
    • M.P. Goldberg, P.C. Pham, and D.W. Choi Dextrorphan and dextromethorphan attenuate hypoxic injury in neuronal culture Neurosci Lett 80 1 1987 11 15
    • (1987) Neurosci Lett , vol.80 , Issue.1 , pp. 11-15
    • Goldberg, M.P.1    Pham, P.C.2    Choi, D.W.3
  • 6
    • 0023830112 scopus 로고
    • Dextromethorphan reduces neocortical ischemic neuronal damage in vivo
    • C.P. George, M.P. Goldberg, D.W. Choi, and G.K. Steinberg Dextromethorphan reduces neocortical ischemic neuronal damage in vivo Brain Res 440 2 1988 375 379
    • (1988) Brain Res , vol.440 , Issue.2 , pp. 375-379
    • George, C.P.1    Goldberg, M.P.2    Choi, D.W.3    Steinberg, G.K.4
  • 7
    • 0028870990 scopus 로고
    • Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of the N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist dextrorphan in patients with acute stroke. Dextrorphan Study Group
    • G.W. Albers, R.P. Atkinson, R.E. Kelley, and D.M. Rosenbaum Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of the N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist dextrorphan in patients with acute stroke. Dextrorphan Study Group Stroke 26 2 1995 254 258
    • (1995) Stroke , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 254-258
    • Albers, G.W.1    Atkinson, R.P.2    Kelley, R.E.3    Rosenbaum, D.M.4
  • 8
    • 79960442509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the neuroprotective effect of dextromethorphan in the acute phase of ischaemic stroke
    • S.A. Mousavi, M. Saadatnia, F. Khorvash, T. Hoseini, and P. Sariaslani Evaluation of the neuroprotective effect of dextromethorphan in the acute phase of ischaemic stroke Arch Med Sci 7 3 2011 465 469
    • (2011) Arch Med Sci , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 465-469
    • Mousavi, S.A.1    Saadatnia, M.2    Khorvash, F.3    Hoseini, T.4    Sariaslani, P.5
  • 9
    • 0021260967 scopus 로고
    • Magnesium gates glutamate-activated channels in mouse central neurones
    • L. Nowak, P. Bregestovski, P. Ascher, A. Herbet, and A. Prochiantz Magnesium gates glutamate-activated channels in mouse central neurones Nature 307 5950 1984 462 465
    • (1984) Nature , vol.307 , Issue.5950 , pp. 462-465
    • Nowak, L.1    Bregestovski, P.2    Ascher, P.3    Herbet, A.4    Prochiantz, A.5
  • 10
    • 0026091467 scopus 로고
    • Reduction of infarct volume by magnesium after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats
    • Y. Izumi, S. Roussel, E. Pinard, and J. Seylaz Reduction of infarct volume by magnesium after middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats J Cerebr Blood Flow Metab 11 6 1991 1025 1030
    • (1991) J Cerebr Blood Flow Metab , vol.11 , Issue.6 , pp. 1025-1030
    • Izumi, Y.1    Roussel, S.2    Pinard, E.3    Seylaz, J.4
  • 11
    • 2342535001 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prehospital neuroprotective therapy for acute stroke: Results of the Field Administration of Stroke Therapy - Magnesium (FAST-MAG) pilot trial
    • J.L. Saver, C. Kidwell, M. Eckstein, and S. Starkman Prehospital neuroprotective therapy for acute stroke: results of the Field Administration of Stroke Therapy - Magnesium (FAST-MAG) pilot trial Stroke 35 5 2004 e106 e108
    • (2004) Stroke , vol.35 , Issue.5 , pp. 106-e108
    • Saver, J.L.1    Kidwell, C.2    Eckstein, M.3    Starkman, S.4
  • 12
    • 84919614070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FAST-MAG: No benefit of prehospital magnesium in stroke
    • LLC
    • S. Hughes FAST-MAG: No benefit of prehospital magnesium in stroke Medscape Medical News: WebMD 2014 LLC Available from: http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/820638
    • (2014) Medscape Medical News: WebMD
    • Hughes, S.1
  • 13
    • 84919694660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abstract 214: The Field Administration of Stroke Therapy - Magnesium (FAST-MAG) Phase 3 Trial: Primary results
    • J.L.E. Saver, M. Stratton, S. Pratt, F. Hamilton, S. Conwit, and R. Liebeskind Abstract 214: The Field Administration of Stroke Therapy - Magnesium (FAST-MAG) Phase 3 Trial: primary results Stroke 45 Suppl. 1 2014 A214
    • (2014) Stroke , vol.45 , pp. 214
    • Saver, J.L.E.1    Stratton, M.2    Pratt, S.3    Hamilton, F.4    Conwit, S.5    Liebeskind, R.6
  • 14
    • 2942700683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Magnesium for acute stroke (Intravenous Magnesium Efficacy in Stroke trial): Randomised controlled trial
    • K.W. Muir, K.R. Lees, I. Ford, and S. Davis Magnesium for acute stroke (Intravenous Magnesium Efficacy in Stroke trial): randomised controlled trial Lancet 363 9407 2004 439 445
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.363 , Issue.9407 , pp. 439-445
    • Muir, K.W.1    Lees, K.R.2    Ford, I.3    Davis, S.4
  • 15
    • 0030426710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lubeluzole, a novel long-term neuroprotectant, inhibits the glutamate-activated nitric oxide synthase pathway
    • A.S. Lesage, L. Peeters, and J.E. Leysen Lubeluzole, a novel long-term neuroprotectant, inhibits the glutamate-activated nitric oxide synthase pathway J Pharmacol Exp Ther 279 2 1996 759 766
    • (1996) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.279 , Issue.2 , pp. 759-766
    • Lesage, A.S.1    Peeters, L.2    Leysen, J.E.3
  • 16
    • 0030725633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lubeluzole blocks increases in extracellular glutamate and taurine in the peri-infarct zone in rats
    • D.K. Scheller, M. De Ryck, J. Kolb, S. Szathmary, J. van Reempts, and G. Clincke Lubeluzole blocks increases in extracellular glutamate and taurine in the peri-infarct zone in rats Eur J Pharmacol 338 3 1997 243 251
    • (1997) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.338 , Issue.3 , pp. 243-251
    • Scheller, D.K.1    De Ryck, M.2    Kolb, J.3    Szathmary, S.4    Van Reempts, J.5    Clincke, G.6
  • 17
    • 0033766740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lubeluzole in acute ischemic stroke treatment: A double-blind study with an 8-hour inclusion window comparing a 10-mg daily dose of lubeluzole with placebo
    • H.C. Diener, M. Cortens, G. Ford, J. Grotta, W. Hacke, and M. Kaste Lubeluzole in acute ischemic stroke treatment: a double-blind study with an 8-hour inclusion window comparing a 10-mg daily dose of lubeluzole with placebo Stroke 31 11 2000 2543 2551
    • (2000) Stroke , vol.31 , Issue.11 , pp. 2543-2551
    • Diener, H.C.1    Cortens, M.2    Ford, G.3    Grotta, J.4    Hacke, W.5    Kaste, M.6
  • 18
    • 0027474565 scopus 로고
    • Effects of a novel NMDA antagonist on experimental stroke rapidly and quantitatively assessed by diffusion-weighted MRI
    • K. Minematsu, M. Fisher, L. Li, M.A. Davis, A.G. Knapp, and R.E. Cotter Effects of a novel NMDA antagonist on experimental stroke rapidly and quantitatively assessed by diffusion-weighted MRI Neurology 43 2 1993 397 403
    • (1993) Neurology , vol.43 , Issue.2 , pp. 397-403
    • Minematsu, K.1    Fisher, M.2    Li, L.3    Davis, M.A.4    Knapp, A.G.5    Cotter, R.E.6
  • 19
    • 0032824132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and tolerability study of aptiganel hydrochloride in patients with an acute ischemic stroke
    • A.G. Dyker, K.R. Edwards, P.B. Fayad, J.T. Hormes, and K.R. Lees Safety and tolerability study of aptiganel hydrochloride in patients with an acute ischemic stroke Stroke 30 10 1999 2038 2042
    • (1999) Stroke , vol.30 , Issue.10 , pp. 2038-2042
    • Dyker, A.G.1    Edwards, K.R.2    Fayad, P.B.3    Hormes, J.T.4    Lees, K.R.5
  • 21
    • 0030663691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of CP101,606, a novel NR2B subunit antagonist of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor, on the volume of ischemic brain damage off cytotoxic brain edema after middle cerebral artery occlusion in the feline brain
    • X. Di, R. Bullock, J. Watson, P. Fatouros, B. Chenard, and F. White Effect of CP101,606, a novel NR2B subunit antagonist of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor, on the volume of ischemic brain damage off cytotoxic brain edema after middle cerebral artery occlusion in the feline brain Stroke 28 11 1997 2244 2251
    • (1997) Stroke , vol.28 , Issue.11 , pp. 2244-2251
    • Di, X.1    Bullock, R.2    Watson, J.3    Fatouros, P.4    Chenard, B.5    White, F.6
  • 22
    • 0033387727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An open-label study of CP-101,606 in subjects with a severe traumatic head injury or spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage
    • M.R. Bullock, R.E. Merchant, C.A. Carmack, E. Doppenberg, A.K. Shah, and K.D. Wilner An open-label study of CP-101,606 in subjects with a severe traumatic head injury or spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage Ann N Y Acad Sci 890 1999 51 58
    • (1999) Ann N y Acad Sci , vol.890 , pp. 51-58
    • Bullock, M.R.1    Merchant, R.E.2    Carmack, C.A.3    Doppenberg, E.4    Shah, A.K.5    Wilner, K.D.6
  • 23
    • 2442598336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CP-101,606 (traxoprodil), an NR2B-selective N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist in subjects with acute ischemic stroke
    • M.W. Saltarelli, J.J.C. Hsu, and M.M. Bednar Randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of CP-101,606 (traxoprodil), an NR2B-selective N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist in subjects with acute ischemic stroke Stroke 35 1 2004 1
    • (2004) Stroke , vol.35 , Issue.1 , pp. 1
    • Saltarelli, M.W.1    Hsu, J.J.C.2    Bednar, M.M.3
  • 24
    • 0030064792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The desglycinyl metabolite of remacemide hydrochloride is neuroprotective in cultured rat cortical neurons
    • M.A. Black, R. Tremblay, G.A. Mealing, J.P. Durkin, J.F. Whitfield, and P. Morley The desglycinyl metabolite of remacemide hydrochloride is neuroprotective in cultured rat cortical neurons J Neurochem 66 3 1996 989 995
    • (1996) J Neurochem , vol.66 , Issue.3 , pp. 989-995
    • Black, M.A.1    Tremblay, R.2    Mealing, G.A.3    Durkin, J.P.4    Whitfield, J.F.5    Morley, P.6
  • 25
    • 0028135333 scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effect of remacemide hydrochloride in focal cerebral ischemia in the cat
    • P.E. Bannan, D.I. Graham, K.R. Lees, and J. McCulloch Neuroprotective effect of remacemide hydrochloride in focal cerebral ischemia in the cat Brain Res 664 1-2 1994 271 275
    • (1994) Brain Res , vol.664 , Issue.12 , pp. 271-275
    • Bannan, P.E.1    Graham, D.I.2    Lees, K.R.3    McCulloch, J.4
  • 26
    • 0032875690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remacemide hydrochloride: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, safety and tolerability study in patients with acute ischemic stroke
    • A.G. Dyker, and K.R. Lees Remacemide hydrochloride: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, safety and tolerability study in patients with acute ischemic stroke Stroke 30 9 1999 1796 1801
    • (1999) Stroke , vol.30 , Issue.9 , pp. 1796-1801
    • Dyker, A.G.1    Lees, K.R.2
  • 27
    • 0031729796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotection of the brain during cardiopulmonary bypass: A randomized trial of remacemide during coronary artery bypass in 171 patients
    • J.E. Arrowsmith, M.J. Harrison, S.P. Newman, J. Stygall, N. Timberlake, and W.B. Pugsley Neuroprotection of the brain during cardiopulmonary bypass: a randomized trial of remacemide during coronary artery bypass in 171 patients Stroke 29 11 1998 2357 2362
    • (1998) Stroke , vol.29 , Issue.11 , pp. 2357-2362
    • Arrowsmith, J.E.1    Harrison, M.J.2    Newman, S.P.3    Stygall, J.4    Timberlake, N.5    Pugsley, W.B.6
  • 29
    • 84919614068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Remacemide AstraZeneca discontinued, Europe, USA
    • IMSworld Publications Ltd
    • Remacemide AstraZeneca discontinued, Europe, USA Canada R & D Focus Drug News 2004 IMSworld Publications Ltd Available from: http://business.highbeam.com/436989/article-1G1-114382356/remacemide-astrazeneca-discontinued-europe-usa-canada
    • (2004) Canada R & D Focus Drug News
  • 30
    • 0025309389 scopus 로고
    • N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist reduces stroke size and regional glucose metabolism
    • R. Simon, and K. Shiraishi N-methyl-d-aspartate antagonist reduces stroke size and regional glucose metabolism Ann Neurol 27 6 1990 606 611
    • (1990) Ann Neurol , vol.27 , Issue.6 , pp. 606-611
    • Simon, R.1    Shiraishi, K.2
  • 31
    • 0028921447 scopus 로고
    • Safety and tolerability of the glutamate antagonist CGS 19755 (Selfotel) in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Results of a phase IIa randomized trial
    • J. Grotta, W. Clark, B. Coull, L.C. Pettigrew, B. Mackay, and L.B. Goldstein Safety and tolerability of the glutamate antagonist CGS 19755 (Selfotel) in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Results of a phase IIa randomized trial Stroke 26 4 1995 602 605
    • (1995) Stroke , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 602-605
    • Grotta, J.1    Clark, W.2    Coull, B.3    Pettigrew, L.C.4    Mackay, B.5    Goldstein, L.B.6
  • 32
    • 0033951941 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selfotel in acute ischemic stroke: Possible neurotoxic effects of an NMDA antagonist
    • S.M. Davis, K.R. Lees, G.W. Albers, H.C. Diener, S. Markabi, and G. Karlsson Selfotel in acute ischemic stroke: possible neurotoxic effects of an NMDA antagonist Stroke 31 2 2000 347 354
    • (2000) Stroke , vol.31 , Issue.2 , pp. 347-354
    • Davis, S.M.1    Lees, K.R.2    Albers, G.W.3    Diener, H.C.4    Markabi, S.5    Karlsson, G.6
  • 33
    • 0028834171 scopus 로고
    • In vivo models of cerebral ischemia: Effects of parenterally administered NMDA receptor glycine site antagonists
    • D.S. Warner, H. Martin, P. Ludwig, A. McAllister, J.F. Keana, and E. Weber In vivo models of cerebral ischemia: effects of parenterally administered NMDA receptor glycine site antagonists J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 15 2 1995 188 196
    • (1995) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 188-196
    • Warner, D.S.1    Martin, H.2    Ludwig, P.3    McAllister, A.4    Keana, J.F.5    Weber, E.6
  • 34
    • 0032967750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dose escalation study of the NMDA glycine-site antagonist licostinel in acute ischemic stroke
    • G.W. Albers, W.M. Clark, R.P. Atkinson, K. Madden, J.L. Data, and M.J. Whitehouse Dose escalation study of the NMDA glycine-site antagonist licostinel in acute ischemic stroke Stroke 30 3 1999 508 513
    • (1999) Stroke , vol.30 , Issue.3 , pp. 508-513
    • Albers, G.W.1    Clark, W.M.2    Atkinson, R.P.3    Madden, K.4    Data, J.L.5    Whitehouse, M.J.6
  • 35
    • 0030739272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The glycine antagonist GV150526 protects somatosensory evoked potentials and reduces the infarct area in the MCAo model of focal ischemia in the rat
    • F. Bordi, C. Pietra, L. Ziviani, and A. Reggiani The glycine antagonist GV150526 protects somatosensory evoked potentials and reduces the infarct area in the MCAo model of focal ischemia in the rat Exp Neurol 145 2 Pt. 1 1997 425 433
    • (1997) Exp Neurol , vol.145 , Issue.2 PART. 1 , pp. 425-433
    • Bordi, F.1    Pietra, C.2    Ziviani, L.3    Reggiani, A.4
  • 36
    • 0035804844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycine antagonist in neuroprotection for patients with acute stroke: GAIN Americas: A randomized controlled trial
    • R.L. Sacco, J.T. DeRosa, E.C. Haley Jr., B. Levin, P. Ordronneau, and S.J. Phillips Glycine antagonist in neuroprotection for patients with acute stroke: GAIN Americas: a randomized controlled trial JAMA 285 13 2001 1719 1728
    • (2001) JAMA , vol.285 , Issue.13 , pp. 1719-1728
    • Sacco, R.L.1    Derosa, J.T.2    Haley, E.C.3    Levin, B.4    Ordronneau, P.5    Phillips, S.J.6
  • 37
    • 30944467472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of the glycine antagonist gavestinel on cerebral infarcts in acute stroke patients, a randomized placebo-controlled trial: The GAIN MRI Substudy
    • S. Warach, D. Kaufman, D. Chiu, T. Devlin, M. Luby, and A. Rashid Effect of the glycine antagonist gavestinel on cerebral infarcts in acute stroke patients, a randomized placebo-controlled trial: The GAIN MRI Substudy Cerebrovasc Dis 21 1-2 2006 106 111
    • (2006) Cerebrovasc Dis , vol.21 , Issue.12 , pp. 106-111
    • Warach, S.1    Kaufman, D.2    Chiu, D.3    Devlin, T.4    Luby, M.5    Rashid, A.6
  • 39
    • 0026094214 scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective activity of chlormethiazole following transient forebrain ischaemia in the gerbil
    • A.J. Cross, J.A. Jones, H.A. Baldwin, and A.R. Green Neuroprotective activity of chlormethiazole following transient forebrain ischaemia in the gerbil Br J Pharmacol 104 2 1991 406 411
    • (1991) Br J Pharmacol , vol.104 , Issue.2 , pp. 406-411
    • Cross, A.J.1    Jones, J.A.2    Baldwin, H.A.3    Green, A.R.4
  • 40
    • 0028871455 scopus 로고
    • The neuroprotective effect of chlormethiazole on ischaemic neuronal damage following permanent middle cerebral artery ischaemia in the rat
    • S.G. Sydserff, A.J. Cross, and A.R. Green The neuroprotective effect of chlormethiazole on ischaemic neuronal damage following permanent middle cerebral artery ischaemia in the rat Neurodegeneration 4 3 1995 323 328
    • (1995) Neurodegeneration , vol.4 , Issue.3 , pp. 323-328
    • Sydserff, S.G.1    Cross, A.J.2    Green, A.R.3
  • 41
    • 0032953495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clomethiazole Acute Stroke Study (CLASS): Results of a randomized, controlled trial of clomethiazole versus placebo in 1360 acute stroke patients
    • N.G. Wahlgren, K.W. Ranasinha, T. Rosolacci, C.L. Franke, P.M. van Erven, and T. Ashwood Clomethiazole Acute Stroke Study (CLASS): results of a randomized, controlled trial of clomethiazole versus placebo in 1360 acute stroke patients Stroke 30 1 1999 21 28
    • (1999) Stroke , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 21-28
    • Wahlgren, N.G.1    Ranasinha, K.W.2    Rosolacci, T.3    Franke, C.L.4    Van Erven, P.M.5    Ashwood, T.6
  • 42
    • 18244392468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clomethiazole Acute Stroke Study in ischemic stroke (CLASS-I): Final results
    • P. Lyden, A. Shuaib, K. Ng, K. Levin, R.P. Atkinson, and A. Rajput Clomethiazole Acute Stroke Study in ischemic stroke (CLASS-I): final results Stroke 33 1 2002 122 128
    • (2002) Stroke , vol.33 , Issue.1 , pp. 122-128
    • Lyden, P.1    Shuaib, A.2    Ng, K.3    Levin, K.4    Atkinson, R.P.5    Rajput, A.6
  • 43
    • 0027749487 scopus 로고
    • Opioid receptor antagonist nalmefene stereospecifically inhibits glutamate release during global cerebral ischemia
    • S.H. Graham, H. Shimizu, A. Newman, P. Weinstein, and A.I. Faden Opioid receptor antagonist nalmefene stereospecifically inhibits glutamate release during global cerebral ischemia Brain Res 632 1-2 1993 346 350
    • (1993) Brain Res , vol.632 , Issue.12 , pp. 346-350
    • Graham, S.H.1    Shimizu, H.2    Newman, A.3    Weinstein, P.4    Faden, A.I.5
  • 44
    • 0025221185 scopus 로고
    • Opiate-receptor antagonist improves metabolic recovery and limits neurochemical alterations associated with reperfusion after global brain ischemia in rats
    • A.I. Faden, R. Shirane, L.H. Chang, T.L. James, M. Lemke, and P.R. Weinstein Opiate-receptor antagonist improves metabolic recovery and limits neurochemical alterations associated with reperfusion after global brain ischemia in rats J Pharmacol Exp Ther 255 2 1990 451 458
    • (1990) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.255 , Issue.2 , pp. 451-458
    • Faden, A.I.1    Shirane, R.2    Chang, L.H.3    James, T.L.4    Lemke, M.5    Weinstein, P.R.6
  • 45
    • 0034034434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cervene (Nalmefene) in acute ischemic stroke: Final results of a phase III efficacy study. The Cervene Stroke Study Investigators
    • W.M. Clark, E.C. Raps, D.C. Tong, and R.E. Kelly Cervene (Nalmefene) in acute ischemic stroke: final results of a phase III efficacy study. The Cervene Stroke Study Investigators Stroke 31 6 2000 1234 1239
    • (2000) Stroke , vol.31 , Issue.6 , pp. 1234-1239
    • Clark, W.M.1    Raps, E.C.2    Tong, D.C.3    Kelly, R.E.4
  • 46
    • 0032561474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effect of 5-HT1A receptor agonist, Bay X 3702, demonstrated in vitro and in vivo
    • I. Semkova, P. Wolz, and J. Krieglstein Neuroprotective effect of 5-HT1A receptor agonist, Bay X 3702, demonstrated in vitro and in vivo Eur J Pharmacol 359 2-3 1998 251 260
    • (1998) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.359 , Issue.23 , pp. 251-260
    • Semkova, I.1    Wolz, P.2    Krieglstein, J.3
  • 47
    • 33646578468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of the neuroprotective properties of the 5-HT1A receptor agonist repinotan HCl (BAYx3702) in ischemic stroke
    • A.C. Berends, P.G. Luiten, and C. Nyakas A review of the neuroprotective properties of the 5-HT1A receptor agonist repinotan HCl (BAYx3702) in ischemic stroke CNS Drug Rev 11 4 2005 379 402
    • (2005) CNS Drug Rev , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 379-402
    • Berends, A.C.1    Luiten, P.G.2    Nyakas, C.3
  • 48
    • 14944349845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The BRAINS study: Safety, tolerability, and dose-finding of repinotan in acute stroke
    • P. Teal, F.L. Silver, and D. Simard The BRAINS study: safety, tolerability, and dose-finding of repinotan in acute stroke Can J Neurol Sci 32 1 2005 61 67
    • (2005) Can J Neurol Sci , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. 61-67
    • Teal, P.1    Silver, F.L.2    Simard, D.3
  • 49
    • 70350534678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy, safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic effects of a targeted exposure of intravenous repinotan in patients with acute ischemic stroke: Modified Randomized Exposure Controlled Trial (mRECT)
    • P. Teal, S. Davis, W. Hacke, M. Kaste, P.D. Lyden, and M. Fierus A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy, safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic effects of a targeted exposure of intravenous repinotan in patients with acute ischemic stroke: modified Randomized Exposure Controlled Trial (mRECT) Stroke 40 11 2009 3518 3525
    • (2009) Stroke , vol.40 , Issue.11 , pp. 3518-3525
    • Teal, P.1    Davis, S.2    Hacke, W.3    Kaste, M.4    Lyden, P.D.5    Fierus, M.6
  • 50
    • 0030932239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous basic fibroblast growth factor decreases brain injury resulting from focal ischemia in cats
    • discussion 15-16
    • A. Bethel, J.R. Kirsch, R.C. Koehler, S.P. Finklestein, and R.J. Traystman Intravenous basic fibroblast growth factor decreases brain injury resulting from focal ischemia in cats Stroke 28 3 1997 609 615 discussion 15-16
    • (1997) Stroke , vol.28 , Issue.3 , pp. 609-615
    • Bethel, A.1    Kirsch, J.R.2    Koehler, R.C.3    Finklestein, S.P.4    Traystman, R.J.5
  • 51
    • 0030218089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delayed intravenous administration of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) reduces infarct volume in a model of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in the rat
    • N. Jiang, S.P. Finklestein, T. Do, C.G. Caday, M. Charette, and M. Chopp Delayed intravenous administration of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) reduces infarct volume in a model of focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion in the rat J Neurol Sci 139 2 1996 173 179
    • (1996) J Neurol Sci , vol.139 , Issue.2 , pp. 173-179
    • Jiang, N.1    Finklestein, S.P.2    Do, T.3    Caday, C.G.4    Charette, M.5    Chopp, M.6
  • 52
    • 0036968150 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fiblast (trafermin) in acute stroke: Results of the European-Australian phase II/III safety and efficacy trial
    • J. Bogousslavsky, S.J. Victor, E.O. Salinas, A. Pallay, G.A. Donnan, and C. Fieschi Fiblast (trafermin) in acute stroke: results of the European-Australian phase II/III safety and efficacy trial Cerebrovasc Dis 14 3-4 2002 239 251
    • (2002) Cerebrovasc Dis , vol.14 , Issue.34 , pp. 239-251
    • Bogousslavsky, J.1    Victor, S.J.2    Salinas, E.O.3    Pallay, A.4    Donnan, G.A.5    Fieschi, C.6
  • 53
    • 0034055662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the efficacy of citicoline in embolic ischemic stroke in rats: Neuroprotective effects when used alone or in combination with urokinase
    • A. Shuaib, Y. Yang, and Q. Li Evaluating the efficacy of citicoline in embolic ischemic stroke in rats: neuroprotective effects when used alone or in combination with urokinase Exp Neurol 161 2 2000 733 739
    • (2000) Exp Neurol , vol.161 , Issue.2 , pp. 733-739
    • Shuaib, A.1    Yang, Y.2    Li, Q.3
  • 54
    • 0030760430 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized dose-response trial of citicoline in acute ischemic stroke patients. Citicoline Stroke Study Group
    • W.M. Clark, S.J. Warach, L.C. Pettigrew, R.E. Gammans, and L.A. Sabounjian A randomized dose-response trial of citicoline in acute ischemic stroke patients. Citicoline Stroke Study Group Neurology 49 3 1997 671 678
    • (1997) Neurology , vol.49 , Issue.3 , pp. 671-678
    • Clark, W.M.1    Warach, S.J.2    Pettigrew, L.C.3    Gammans, R.E.4    Sabounjian, L.A.5
  • 56
    • 0033757829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of citicoline on ischemic lesions as measured by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Citicoline 010 Investigators
    • S. Warach, L.C. Pettigrew, J.F. Dashe, P. Pullicino, D.M. Lefkowitz, and L. Sabounjian Effect of citicoline on ischemic lesions as measured by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Citicoline 010 Investigators Ann Neurol 48 5 2000 713 722
    • (2000) Ann Neurol , vol.48 , Issue.5 , pp. 713-722
    • Warach, S.1    Pettigrew, L.C.2    Dashe, J.F.3    Pullicino, P.4    Lefkowitz, D.M.5    Sabounjian, L.6
  • 57
    • 0035856456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A phase III randomized efficacy trial of 2000 mg citicoline in acute ischemic stroke patients
    • W.M. Clark, L.R. Wechsler, L.A. Sabounjian, and U.E. Schwiderski A phase III randomized efficacy trial of 2000 mg citicoline in acute ischemic stroke patients Neurology 57 9 2001 1595 1602
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.57 , Issue.9 , pp. 1595-1602
    • Clark, W.M.1    Wechsler, L.R.2    Sabounjian, L.A.3    Schwiderski, U.E.4
  • 58
    • 0036901469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral citicoline in acute ischemic stroke: An individual patient data pooling analysis of clinical trials
    • A. Davalos, J. Castillo, J. Alvarez-Sabin, J.J. Secades, J. Mercadal, and S. Lopez Oral citicoline in acute ischemic stroke: an individual patient data pooling analysis of clinical trials Stroke 33 12 2002 2850 2857
    • (2002) Stroke , vol.33 , Issue.12 , pp. 2850-2857
    • Davalos, A.1    Castillo, J.2    Alvarez-Sabin, J.3    Secades, J.J.4    Mercadal, J.5    Lopez, S.6
  • 59
    • 0029807710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of a global test for multiple outcomes in stroke trials with application to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke t-PA Stroke Trial
    • B.C. Tilley, J. Marler, N.L. Geller, M. Lu, J. Legler, and T. Brott Use of a global test for multiple outcomes in stroke trials with application to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke t-PA Stroke Trial Stroke 27 11 1996 2136 2142
    • (1996) Stroke , vol.27 , Issue.11 , pp. 2136-2142
    • Tilley, B.C.1    Marler, J.2    Geller, N.L.3    Lu, M.4    Legler, J.5    Brott, T.6
  • 60
    • 84864277207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Citicoline in the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke: An international, randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled study (ICTUS trial)
    • A. Davalos, J. Alvarez-Sabin, J. Castillo, E. Diez-Tejedor, J. Ferro, and E. Martinez-Vila Citicoline in the treatment of acute ischaemic stroke: an international, randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled study (ICTUS trial) Lancet 380 9839 2012 349 357
    • (2012) Lancet , vol.380 , Issue.9839 , pp. 349-357
    • Davalos, A.1    Alvarez-Sabin, J.2    Castillo, J.3    Diez-Tejedor, E.4    Ferro, J.5    Martinez-Vila, E.6
  • 61
    • 0033502692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroprotective effects of a novel nitrone, NXY-059, after transient focal cerebral ischemia in the rat
    • S. Kuroda, R. Tsuchidate, M.L. Smith, K.R. Maples, and B.K. Siesjo Neuroprotective effects of a novel nitrone, NXY-059, after transient focal cerebral ischemia in the rat J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 19 7 1999 778 787
    • (1999) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.19 , Issue.7 , pp. 778-787
    • Kuroda, S.1    Tsuchidate, R.2    Smith, M.L.3    Maples, K.R.4    Siesjo, B.K.5
  • 64
    • 46249131138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NXY-059 for the treatment of acute stroke: Pooled analysis of the SAINT i and II Trials
    • H.C. Diener, K.R. Lees, P. Lyden, J. Grotta, A. Davalos, and S.M. Davis NXY-059 for the treatment of acute stroke: pooled analysis of the SAINT I and II Trials Stroke 39 6 2008 1751 1758
    • (2008) Stroke , vol.39 , Issue.6 , pp. 1751-1758
    • Diener, H.C.1    Lees, K.R.2    Lyden, P.3    Grotta, J.4    Davalos, A.5    Davis, S.M.6
  • 65
    • 0024417710 scopus 로고
    • The 21-aminosteroid inhibitors of lipid peroxidation: Reactions with lipid peroxyl and phenoxy radicals
    • J.M. Braughler, and J.F. Pregenzer The 21-aminosteroid inhibitors of lipid peroxidation: reactions with lipid peroxyl and phenoxy radicals Free Radic Biol Med 7 2 1989 125 130
    • (1989) Free Radic Biol Med , vol.7 , Issue.2 , pp. 125-130
    • Braughler, J.M.1    Pregenzer, J.F.2
  • 66
    • 0023785218 scopus 로고
    • 21-Aminosteroid lipid peroxidation inhibitor U74006F protects against cerebral ischemia in gerbils
    • E.D. Hall, K.E. Pazara, and J.M. Braughler 21-Aminosteroid lipid peroxidation inhibitor U74006F protects against cerebral ischemia in gerbils Stroke 19 8 1988 997 1002
    • (1988) Stroke , vol.19 , Issue.8 , pp. 997-1002
    • Hall, E.D.1    Pazara, K.E.2    Braughler, J.M.3
  • 67
    • 0028036213 scopus 로고
    • Safety study of tirilazad mesylate in patients with acute ischemic stroke (STIPAS)
    • STIPAS Investigators Safety study of tirilazad mesylate in patients with acute ischemic stroke (STIPAS) Stroke 25 2 1994 418 423
    • (1994) Stroke , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 418-423
  • 68
    • 0033816426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tirilazad mesylate in acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review. Tirilazad International Steering Committee
    • Tirilazad mesylate in acute ischemic stroke: a systematic review. Tirilazad International Steering Committee Stroke 31 9 2000 2257 2265
    • (2000) Stroke , vol.31 , Issue.9 , pp. 2257-2265
  • 69
    • 0025768180 scopus 로고
    • Reduction of central nervous system ischemic injury in rabbits using leukocyte adhesion antibody treatment
    • W.M. Clark, K.P. Madden, R. Rothlein, and J.A. Zivin Reduction of central nervous system ischemic injury in rabbits using leukocyte adhesion antibody treatment Stroke 22 7 1991 877 883
    • (1991) Stroke , vol.22 , Issue.7 , pp. 877-883
    • Clark, W.M.1    Madden, K.P.2    Rothlein, R.3    Zivin, J.A.4
  • 70
    • 0031848946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety, pharmacokinetics and biological activity of enlimomab (anti-ICAM-1 antibody): An open-label, dose escalation study in patients hospitalized for acute stroke
    • D. Schneider, J. Berrouschot, T. Brandt, W. Hacke, A. Ferbert, and S.H. Norris Safety, pharmacokinetics and biological activity of enlimomab (anti-ICAM-1 antibody): an open-label, dose escalation study in patients hospitalized for acute stroke Eur Neurol 40 2 1998 78 83
    • (1998) Eur Neurol , vol.40 , Issue.2 , pp. 78-83
    • Schneider, D.1    Berrouschot, J.2    Brandt, T.3    Hacke, W.4    Ferbert, A.5    Norris, S.H.6
  • 71
    • 0035940577 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of anti-ICAM-1 therapy in ischemic stroke: Results of the Enlimomab Acute Stroke Trial
    • Enlimomab Acute Stroke Trial
    • Enlimomab Acute Stroke Trial Use of anti-ICAM-1 therapy in ischemic stroke: results of the Enlimomab Acute Stroke Trial Neurology 57 8 2001 1428 1434
    • (2001) Neurology , vol.57 , Issue.8 , pp. 1428-1434
  • 72
    • 0033778907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody against CD18 (rhuMAb CD18) in traumatic hemorrhagic shock: Results of a phase II clinical trial. Traumatic Shock Group
    • discussion 9-20
    • P. Rhee, J. Morris, R. Durham, C. Hauser, M. Cipolle, and R. Wilson Recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody against CD18 (rhuMAb CD18) in traumatic hemorrhagic shock: results of a phase II clinical trial. Traumatic Shock Group J Trauma 49 4 2000 611 619 discussion 9-20
    • (2000) J Trauma , vol.49 , Issue.4 , pp. 611-619
    • Rhee, P.1    Morris, J.2    Durham, R.3    Hauser, C.4    Cipolle, M.5    Wilson, R.6
  • 73
    • 0032192489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hu23F2G, an antibody recognizing the leukocyte CD11/CD18 integrin, reduces injury in a rabbit model of transient focal cerebral ischemia
    • M.A. Yenari, D. Kunis, G.H. Sun, D. Onley, L. Watson, and S. Turner Hu23F2G, an antibody recognizing the leukocyte CD11/CD18 integrin, reduces injury in a rabbit model of transient focal cerebral ischemia Exp Neurol 153 2 1998 223 233
    • (1998) Exp Neurol , vol.153 , Issue.2 , pp. 223-233
    • Yenari, M.A.1    Kunis, D.2    Sun, G.H.3    Onley, D.4    Watson, L.5    Turner, S.6
  • 75
    • 0022450315 scopus 로고
    • Flunarizine limits hypoxia-ischemia-induced morphologic injury in immature rat brain
    • F.S. Silverstein, K. Buchanan, C. Hudson, and M.V. Johnston Flunarizine limits hypoxia-ischemia-induced morphologic injury in immature rat brain Stroke 17 3 1986 477 482
    • (1986) Stroke , vol.17 , Issue.3 , pp. 477-482
    • Silverstein, F.S.1    Buchanan, K.2    Hudson, C.3    Johnston, M.V.4
  • 76
    • 0025342440 scopus 로고
    • Flunarizine in acute ischemic stroke: A pilot study
    • M. Limburg, and A. Hijdra Flunarizine in acute ischemic stroke: a pilot study Eur Neurol 30 3 1990 121 122
    • (1990) Eur Neurol , vol.30 , Issue.3 , pp. 121-122
    • Limburg, M.1    Hijdra, A.2
  • 77
    • 0030057032 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flunarizine in stroke treatment (FIST): A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in Scandinavia and the Netherlands
    • C.L. Franke, R. Palm, M. Dalby, H.C. Schoonderwaldt, L. Hantson, and B. Eriksson Flunarizine in stroke treatment (FIST): a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in Scandinavia and the Netherlands Acta Neurol Scand 93 1 1996 56 60
    • (1996) Acta Neurol Scand , vol.93 , Issue.1 , pp. 56-60
    • Franke, C.L.1    Palm, R.2    Dalby, M.3    Schoonderwaldt, H.C.4    Hantson, L.5    Eriksson, B.6
  • 78
    • 33645733773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Newly expressed SUR1-regulated NC(Ca-ATP) channel mediates cerebral edema after ischemic stroke
    • J.M. Simard, M. Chen, K.V. Tarasov, S. Bhatta, S. Ivanova, and L. Melnitchenko Newly expressed SUR1-regulated NC(Ca-ATP) channel mediates cerebral edema after ischemic stroke Nat Med 12 4 2006 433 440
    • (2006) Nat Med , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 433-440
    • Simard, J.M.1    Chen, M.2    Tarasov, K.V.3    Bhatta, S.4    Ivanova, S.5    Melnitchenko, L.6
  • 79
    • 34547673319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sulfonylureas improve outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes and acute ischemic stroke
    • H. Kunte, S. Schmidt, M. Eliasziw, G.J. del Zoppo, J.M. Simard, and F. Masuhr Sulfonylureas improve outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes and acute ischemic stroke Stroke 38 9 2007 2526 2530
    • (2007) Stroke , vol.38 , Issue.9 , pp. 2526-2530
    • Kunte, H.1    Schmidt, S.2    Eliasziw, M.3    Del Zoppo, G.J.4    Simard, J.M.5    Masuhr, F.6
  • 80
    • 84893689596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pilot study of intravenous glyburide in patients with a large ischemic stroke
    • K.N. Sheth, W.T. Kimberly, J.J. Elm, T.A. Kent, P. Mandava, and A.J. Yoo Pilot study of intravenous glyburide in patients with a large ischemic stroke Stroke 45 1 2014 281 283
    • (2014) Stroke , vol.45 , Issue.1 , pp. 281-283
    • Sheth, K.N.1    Kimberly, W.T.2    Elm, J.J.3    Kent, T.A.4    Mandava, P.5    Yoo, A.J.6
  • 81
    • 66049147738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The complexity of neurobiological processes in acute ischemic stroke
    • R. Brouns, and P.P. De Deyn The complexity of neurobiological processes in acute ischemic stroke Clin Neurol Neurosurg 111 6 2009 483 495
    • (2009) Clin Neurol Neurosurg , vol.111 , Issue.6 , pp. 483-495
    • Brouns, R.1    De Deyn, P.P.2
  • 82
    • 80052404082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stroke Treatment Academic Industry Roundtable (STAIR) recommendations for maximizing the use of intravenous thrombolytics and expanding treatment options with intra-arterial and neuroprotective therapies
    • G.W. Albers, L.B. Goldstein, D.C. Hess, L.R. Wechsler, K.L. Furie, and P.B. Gorelick Stroke Treatment Academic Industry Roundtable (STAIR) recommendations for maximizing the use of intravenous thrombolytics and expanding treatment options with intra-arterial and neuroprotective therapies Stroke 42 9 2011 2645 2650
    • (2011) Stroke , vol.42 , Issue.9 , pp. 2645-2650
    • Albers, G.W.1    Goldstein, L.B.2    Hess, D.C.3    Wechsler, L.R.4    Furie, K.L.5    Gorelick, P.B.6
  • 83
    • 33846633732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommendations from the STAIR v meeting on acute stroke trials, technology and outcomes
    • M. Fisher, D.F. Hanley, G. Howard, E.C. Jauch, and S. Warach Recommendations from the STAIR V meeting on acute stroke trials, technology and outcomes Stroke 38 2 2007 245 248
    • (2007) Stroke , vol.38 , Issue.2 , pp. 245-248
    • Fisher, M.1    Hanley, D.F.2    Howard, G.3    Jauch, E.C.4    Warach, S.5
  • 84
    • 69249217640 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biomaterials for promoting brain protection, repair and regeneration
    • G. Orive, E. Anitua, J.L. Pedraz, and D.F. Emerich Biomaterials for promoting brain protection, repair and regeneration Nat Rev Neurosci 10 9 2009 682 692
    • (2009) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.10 , Issue.9 , pp. 682-692
    • Orive, G.1    Anitua, E.2    Pedraz, J.L.3    Emerich, D.F.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.