메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 30, Issue 11, 2014, Pages 538-547

African trypanosome control in the insect vector and mammalian host

Author keywords

Inflammation; Liver; Macrophages; Monocytes; Myeloid cells; Tsetse fly

Indexed keywords

ADENYLATE CYCLASE; DNA A; PEPTIDOGLYCAN RECOGNITION PROTEIN; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; SCAVENGER RECEPTOR; VARIANT SURFACE GLYCOPROTEIN; INSECT PROTEIN;

EID: 84908214264     PISSN: 14714922     EISSN: 14715007     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2014.08.006     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (30)

References (107)
  • 1
    • 81855189517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaccination against trypanosomiasis: can it be done or is the trypanosome truly the ultimate immune destroyer and escape artist?
    • La Greca F., Magez S. Vaccination against trypanosomiasis: can it be done or is the trypanosome truly the ultimate immune destroyer and escape artist?. Hum. Vaccin. 2011, 7:1225-1233.
    • (2011) Hum. Vaccin. , vol.7 , pp. 1225-1233
    • La Greca, F.1    Magez, S.2
  • 2
    • 84897082091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Control and surveillance of human African trypanosomiasis
    • WHO Control and surveillance of human African trypanosomiasis. World Health Organ. Tech. Rep. Ser. 2013, 984:1-237.
    • (2013) World Health Organ. Tech. Rep. Ser. , vol.984 , pp. 1-237
  • 3
    • 84884236220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma evansi and surra: a review and perspectives on origin, history, distribution, taxonomy, morphology, hosts, and pathogenic effects
    • Desquesnes M., et al. Trypanosoma evansi and surra: a review and perspectives on origin, history, distribution, taxonomy, morphology, hosts, and pathogenic effects. Biomed. Res. Int. 2013, 2013:194176.
    • (2013) Biomed. Res. Int. , vol.2013 , pp. 194176
    • Desquesnes, M.1
  • 4
    • 79960692336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The economy of inflammation: when is less more?
    • Sears B.F., et al. The economy of inflammation: when is less more?. Trends Parasitol. 2011, 27:382-387.
    • (2011) Trends Parasitol. , vol.27 , pp. 382-387
    • Sears, B.F.1
  • 5
    • 84857538593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disease tolerance as a defense strategy
    • Medzhitov R., et al. Disease tolerance as a defense strategy. Science 2012, 335:936-941.
    • (2012) Science , vol.335 , pp. 936-941
    • Medzhitov, R.1
  • 6
    • 0015472202 scopus 로고
    • Review of pathology of diseases in domestic and laboratory animals caused by Trypanosoma congolense, T. vivax, T. brucei, T. rhodesiense and T. gambiense
    • Losos G.J., Ikede B.O. Review of pathology of diseases in domestic and laboratory animals caused by Trypanosoma congolense, T. vivax, T. brucei, T. rhodesiense and T. gambiense. Vet. Pathol. 1972, 9(Suppl.):1-79.
    • (1972) Vet. Pathol. , vol.9 , pp. 1-79
    • Losos, G.J.1    Ikede, B.O.2
  • 7
    • 84857865907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of sex and fly species on the development of trypanosomes in tsetse flies
    • Peacock L., et al. The influence of sex and fly species on the development of trypanosomes in tsetse flies. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2012, 6:e1515.
    • (2012) PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. , vol.6 , pp. e1515
    • Peacock, L.1
  • 8
    • 84856560750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Using molecular data for epidemiological inference: assessing the prevalence of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense in tsetse in Serengeti, Tanzania
    • Auty H.K., et al. Using molecular data for epidemiological inference: assessing the prevalence of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense in tsetse in Serengeti, Tanzania. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2012, 6:e1501.
    • (2012) PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. , vol.6 , pp. e1501
    • Auty, H.K.1
  • 9
    • 84897919455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Examining the tsetse teneral phenomenon and permissiveness to trypanosome infection
    • Haines L.R. Examining the tsetse teneral phenomenon and permissiveness to trypanosome infection. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 2013, 3:84.
    • (2013) Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. , vol.3 , pp. 84
    • Haines, L.R.1
  • 10
    • 84891524748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Through the dark continent: African trypanosome development in the tsetse fly
    • Rotureau B., Van Den Abbeele J. Through the dark continent: African trypanosome development in the tsetse fly. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 2013, 3:53.
    • (2013) Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. , vol.3 , pp. 53
    • Rotureau, B.1    Van Den Abbeele, J.2
  • 11
    • 0032904299 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma brucei spp. development in the tsetse fly: characterization of the post-mesocyclic stages in the foregut and proboscis
    • Van Den Abbeele J., et al. Trypanosoma brucei spp. development in the tsetse fly: characterization of the post-mesocyclic stages in the foregut and proboscis. Parasitology 1999, 118:469-478.
    • (1999) Parasitology , vol.118 , pp. 469-478
    • Van Den Abbeele, J.1
  • 12
    • 77957689124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bottlenecks and the maintenance of minor genotypes during the life cycle of Trypanosoma brucei
    • Oberle M., et al. Bottlenecks and the maintenance of minor genotypes during the life cycle of Trypanosoma brucei. PLoS Pathog. 2010, 6:e1001023.
    • (2010) PLoS Pathog. , vol.6 , pp. e1001023
    • Oberle, M.1
  • 13
    • 84875550275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Flying tryps: survival and maturation of trypanosomes in tsetse flies
    • Dyer N.A., et al. Flying tryps: survival and maturation of trypanosomes in tsetse flies. Trends Parasitol. 2013, 29:188-196.
    • (2013) Trends Parasitol. , vol.29 , pp. 188-196
    • Dyer, N.A.1
  • 14
    • 84864204550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drosophila as a model system to unravel the layers of innate immunity to infection
    • Kounatidis I., Ligoxygakis P. Drosophila as a model system to unravel the layers of innate immunity to infection. Open Biol. 2012, 2:120075.
    • (2012) Open Biol. , vol.2 , pp. 120075
    • Kounatidis, I.1    Ligoxygakis, P.2
  • 15
    • 84899560044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome sequence of the tsetse fly (Glossina morsitans): vector of African trypanosomiasis
    • International Glossina Genome Initiative
    • Genome sequence of the tsetse fly (Glossina morsitans): vector of African trypanosomiasis. Science 2014, 344:380-386. International Glossina Genome Initiative.
    • (2014) Science , vol.344 , pp. 380-386
  • 16
    • 79958043462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tsetse immune system maturation requires the presence of obligate symbionts in larvae
    • Weiss B.L., et al. Tsetse immune system maturation requires the presence of obligate symbionts in larvae. PLoS Biol. 2011, 9:e1000619.
    • (2011) PLoS Biol. , vol.9 , pp. e1000619
    • Weiss, B.L.1
  • 17
    • 84859407382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obligate symbionts activate immune system development in the tsetse fly
    • Weiss B.L., et al. Obligate symbionts activate immune system development in the tsetse fly. J. Immunol. 2012, 188:3395-3403.
    • (2012) J. Immunol. , vol.188 , pp. 3395-3403
    • Weiss, B.L.1
  • 18
    • 84876840463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosome infection establishment in the tsetse fly gut is influenced by microbiome-regulated host immune barriers
    • Weiss B.L., et al. Trypanosome infection establishment in the tsetse fly gut is influenced by microbiome-regulated host immune barriers. PLoS Pathog. 2013, 9:e1003318.
    • (2013) PLoS Pathog. , vol.9 , pp. e1003318
    • Weiss, B.L.1
  • 19
    • 68949125076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nutritional stress affects the tsetse fly's immune gene expression
    • Akoda K., et al. Nutritional stress affects the tsetse fly's immune gene expression. Med. Vet. Entomol. 2009, 23:195-201.
    • (2009) Med. Vet. Entomol. , vol.23 , pp. 195-201
    • Akoda, K.1
  • 20
    • 0035940468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tsetse immune responses and trypanosome transmission: implications for the development of tsetse-based strategies to reduce trypanosomiasis
    • Hao Z., et al. Tsetse immune responses and trypanosome transmission: implications for the development of tsetse-based strategies to reduce trypanosomiasis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2001, 98:12648-12653.
    • (2001) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.98 , pp. 12648-12653
    • Hao, Z.1
  • 21
    • 33745272838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innate immune responses regulate trypanosome parasite infection of the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans morsitans
    • Hu C., Aksoy S. Innate immune responses regulate trypanosome parasite infection of the tsetse fly Glossina morsitans morsitans. Mol. Microbiol. 2006, 60:1194-1204.
    • (2006) Mol. Microbiol. , vol.60 , pp. 1194-1204
    • Hu, C.1    Aksoy, S.2
  • 22
    • 67749098054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between mutualist Wigglesworthia and tsetse peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP-LB) influence trypanosome transmission
    • Wang J., et al. Interactions between mutualist Wigglesworthia and tsetse peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP-LB) influence trypanosome transmission. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2009, 106:12133-12138.
    • (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.106 , pp. 12133-12138
    • Wang, J.1
  • 23
    • 84863004178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PGRP-LB is a maternally transmitted immune milk protein that influences symbiosis and parasitism in tsetse's offspring
    • Wang J., Aksoy S. PGRP-LB is a maternally transmitted immune milk protein that influences symbiosis and parasitism in tsetse's offspring. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2012, 109:10552-10557.
    • (2012) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.109 , pp. 10552-10557
    • Wang, J.1    Aksoy, S.2
  • 24
    • 27644498442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A direct role for dual oxidase in Drosophila gut immunity
    • Ha E.M., et al. A direct role for dual oxidase in Drosophila gut immunity. Science 2005, 310:847-850.
    • (2005) Science , vol.310 , pp. 847-850
    • Ha, E.M.1
  • 25
    • 0344630287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of reactive oxygen species on Plasmodium melanotic encapsulation in Anopheles gambiae
    • Kumar S., et al. The role of reactive oxygen species on Plasmodium melanotic encapsulation in Anopheles gambiae. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2003, 100:14139-14144.
    • (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.100 , pp. 14139-14144
    • Kumar, S.1
  • 26
    • 0242307124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proventriculus (cardia) plays a crucial role in immunity in tsetse fly (Diptera: Glossinidiae)
    • Hao Z., et al. Proventriculus (cardia) plays a crucial role in immunity in tsetse fly (Diptera: Glossinidiae). Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2003, 33:1155-1164.
    • (2003) Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. , vol.33 , pp. 1155-1164
    • Hao, Z.1
  • 27
    • 37049029978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential expression of fat body genes in Glossina morsitans morsitans following infection with Trypanosoma brucei brucei
    • Lehane M.J., et al. Differential expression of fat body genes in Glossina morsitans morsitans following infection with Trypanosoma brucei brucei. Int. J. Parasitol. 2008, 38:93-101.
    • (2008) Int. J. Parasitol. , vol.38 , pp. 93-101
    • Lehane, M.J.1
  • 28
    • 34248345417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidants promote establishment of trypanosome infections in tsetse
    • MacLeod E.T., et al. Antioxidants promote establishment of trypanosome infections in tsetse. Parasitology 2007, 134:827-831.
    • (2007) Parasitology , vol.134 , pp. 827-831
    • MacLeod, E.T.1
  • 29
    • 55349115078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors affecting trypanosome maturation in tsetse flies
    • Macleod E.T., et al. Factors affecting trypanosome maturation in tsetse flies. PLoS ONE 2007, 2:e239.
    • (2007) PLoS ONE , vol.2 , pp. e239
    • Macleod, E.T.1
  • 30
    • 77950441667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tsetse EP protein protects the fly midgut from trypanosome establishment
    • Haines L.R., et al. Tsetse EP protein protects the fly midgut from trypanosome establishment. PLoS Pathog. 2010, 6:e1000793.
    • (2010) PLoS Pathog. , vol.6 , pp. e1000793
    • Haines, L.R.1
  • 31
    • 0020687183 scopus 로고
    • Lymphocyte function in experimental African trypanosomiasis. V. Role of antibody and the mononuclear phagocyte system in variant-specific immunity
    • Dempsey W.L., Mansfield J.M. Lymphocyte function in experimental African trypanosomiasis. V. Role of antibody and the mononuclear phagocyte system in variant-specific immunity. J. Immunol. 1983, 130:405-411.
    • (1983) J. Immunol. , vol.130 , pp. 405-411
    • Dempsey, W.L.1    Mansfield, J.M.2
  • 32
    • 0037261440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental African trypanosomiasis: IFN-gamma mediates early mortality
    • Shi M., et al. Experimental African trypanosomiasis: IFN-gamma mediates early mortality. Eur. J. Immunol. 2003, 33:108-118.
    • (2003) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.33 , pp. 108-118
    • Shi, M.1
  • 33
    • 68349122611 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the role of monocytic cells in liver inflammation using parasite infection as a model
    • Bosschaerts T., et al. Understanding the role of monocytic cells in liver inflammation using parasite infection as a model. Immunobiology 2009, 214:737-747.
    • (2009) Immunobiology , vol.214 , pp. 737-747
    • Bosschaerts, T.1
  • 34
    • 77950859447 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scrutinizing the mechanisms underlying the induction of anemia of inflammation through GPI-mediated modulation of macrophage activation in a model of African trypanosomiasis
    • Stijlemans B., et al. Scrutinizing the mechanisms underlying the induction of anemia of inflammation through GPI-mediated modulation of macrophage activation in a model of African trypanosomiasis. Microbes Infect. 2010, 12:389-399.
    • (2010) Microbes Infect. , vol.12 , pp. 389-399
    • Stijlemans, B.1
  • 35
    • 77950817192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The central role of macrophages in trypanosomiasis-associated anemia: rationale for therapeutical approaches
    • Stijlemans B., et al. The central role of macrophages in trypanosomiasis-associated anemia: rationale for therapeutical approaches. Endocr. Metab. Immune Disord. Drug Targets 2010, 10:71-82.
    • (2010) Endocr. Metab. Immune Disord. Drug Targets , vol.10 , pp. 71-82
    • Stijlemans, B.1
  • 36
    • 84880329271 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erythrophagocytosis of desialylated red blood cells is responsible for anaemia during Trypanosoma vivax infection
    • Guegan F., et al. Erythrophagocytosis of desialylated red blood cells is responsible for anaemia during Trypanosoma vivax infection. Cell. Microbiol. 2013, 15:1285-1303.
    • (2013) Cell. Microbiol. , vol.15 , pp. 1285-1303
    • Guegan, F.1
  • 37
    • 84861482164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenic mechanisms of Trypanosoma evansi infections
    • Habila N., et al. Pathogenic mechanisms of Trypanosoma evansi infections. Res. Vet. Sci. 2012, 93:13-17.
    • (2012) Res. Vet. Sci. , vol.93 , pp. 13-17
    • Habila, N.1
  • 38
    • 79953822155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Trypanosoma brucei brucei on erythropoiesis in infected rats
    • Nishimura K., et al. Effect of Trypanosoma brucei brucei on erythropoiesis in infected rats. J. Parasitol. 2011, 97:88-93.
    • (2011) J. Parasitol. , vol.97 , pp. 88-93
    • Nishimura, K.1
  • 39
    • 78650402629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of innate immunity by African trypanosomes
    • Paulnock D.M., et al. Modulation of innate immunity by African trypanosomes. Parasitology 2010, 137:2051-2063.
    • (2010) Parasitology , vol.137 , pp. 2051-2063
    • Paulnock, D.M.1
  • 40
    • 79959224999 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma congolense infections: induced nitric oxide inhibits parasite growth in vivo
    • Lu W., et al. Trypanosoma congolense infections: induced nitric oxide inhibits parasite growth in vivo. J. Parasitol. Res. 2011, 2011:316067.
    • (2011) J. Parasitol. Res. , vol.2011 , pp. 316067
    • Lu, W.1
  • 41
    • 79751484087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intradermal infections of mice by low numbers of African trypanosomes are controlled by innate resistance but enhance susceptibility to reinfection
    • Wei G., et al. Intradermal infections of mice by low numbers of African trypanosomes are controlled by innate resistance but enhance susceptibility to reinfection. J. Infect. Dis. 2011, 203:418-429.
    • (2011) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.203 , pp. 418-429
    • Wei, G.1
  • 42
    • 84864344932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adenylate cyclases of Trypanosoma brucei inhibit the innate immune response of the host
    • Salmon D., et al. Adenylate cyclases of Trypanosoma brucei inhibit the innate immune response of the host. Science 2012, 337:463-466.
    • (2012) Science , vol.337 , pp. 463-466
    • Salmon, D.1
  • 43
    • 84875450024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular regulation of Trypanosoma congolense-induced nitric oxide production in macrophages
    • Singh R., et al. Molecular regulation of Trypanosoma congolense-induced nitric oxide production in macrophages. PLoS ONE 2013, 8:e59631.
    • (2013) PLoS ONE , vol.8 , pp. e59631
    • Singh, R.1
  • 44
    • 84899485155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life and times: synthesis, trafficking, and evolution of VSG
    • Manna P.T., et al. Life and times: synthesis, trafficking, and evolution of VSG. Trends Parasitol. 2014, 30:251-258.
    • (2014) Trends Parasitol. , vol.30 , pp. 251-258
    • Manna, P.T.1
  • 45
    • 79959833610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T. brucei infection reduces B lymphopoiesis in bone marrow and truncates compensatory splenic lymphopoiesis through transitional B-cell apoptosis
    • Bockstal V., et al. T. brucei infection reduces B lymphopoiesis in bone marrow and truncates compensatory splenic lymphopoiesis through transitional B-cell apoptosis. PLoS Pathog. 2011, 7:e1002089.
    • (2011) PLoS Pathog. , vol.7 , pp. e1002089
    • Bockstal, V.1
  • 46
    • 44949219210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosomiasis-induced B cell apoptosis results in loss of protective anti-parasite antibody responses and abolishment of vaccine-induced memory responses
    • Radwanska M., et al. Trypanosomiasis-induced B cell apoptosis results in loss of protective anti-parasite antibody responses and abolishment of vaccine-induced memory responses. PLoS Pathog. 2008, 4:e1000078.
    • (2008) PLoS Pathog. , vol.4 , pp. e1000078
    • Radwanska, M.1
  • 47
    • 84897938123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic Trypanosoma congolense infections in mice cause a sustained disruption of the B-cell homeostasis in the bone marrow and spleen
    • Obishakin E., et al. Chronic Trypanosoma congolense infections in mice cause a sustained disruption of the B-cell homeostasis in the bone marrow and spleen. Parasite Immunol. 2014, 36:187-198.
    • (2014) Parasite Immunol. , vol.36 , pp. 187-198
    • Obishakin, E.1
  • 48
    • 84875980141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunosuppression: cause for failures of vaccines against African trypanosomiases
    • Tabel H., et al. Immunosuppression: cause for failures of vaccines against African trypanosomiases. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2013, 7:e2090.
    • (2013) PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. , vol.7 , pp. e2090
    • Tabel, H.1
  • 49
    • 0033602238 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IFN-gamma-dependent nitric oxide production is not linked to resistance in experimental African trypanosomiasis
    • Hertz C.J., Mansfield J.M. IFN-gamma-dependent nitric oxide production is not linked to resistance in experimental African trypanosomiasis. Cell. Immunol. 1999, 192:24-32.
    • (1999) Cell. Immunol. , vol.192 , pp. 24-32
    • Hertz, C.J.1    Mansfield, J.M.2
  • 50
    • 0028949134 scopus 로고
    • Suppressor macrophages in Trypanosoma brucei infection: nitric oxide is related to both suppressive activity and lifespan in vivo
    • Mabbott N.A., et al. Suppressor macrophages in Trypanosoma brucei infection: nitric oxide is related to both suppressive activity and lifespan in vivo. Parasite Immunol. 1995, 17:143-150.
    • (1995) Parasite Immunol. , vol.17 , pp. 143-150
    • Mabbott, N.A.1
  • 51
    • 84887265256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Trypanosoma brucei kinesin heavy chain promotes parasite growth by triggering host arginase activity
    • De Muylder G., et al. A Trypanosoma brucei kinesin heavy chain promotes parasite growth by triggering host arginase activity. PLoS Pathog. 2013, 9:e1003731.
    • (2013) PLoS Pathog. , vol.9 , pp. e1003731
    • De Muylder, G.1
  • 52
    • 58149277739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Type I IFNs play a role in early resistance, but subsequent susceptibility, to the African trypanosomes
    • Lopez R., et al. Type I IFNs play a role in early resistance, but subsequent susceptibility, to the African trypanosomes. J. Immunol. 2008, 181:4908-4917.
    • (2008) J. Immunol. , vol.181 , pp. 4908-4917
    • Lopez, R.1
  • 53
    • 79960395606 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How the African trypanosomes evade host immune killing
    • Namangala B. How the African trypanosomes evade host immune killing. Parasite Immunol. 2011, 33:430-437.
    • (2011) Parasite Immunol. , vol.33 , pp. 430-437
    • Namangala, B.1
  • 54
    • 35748961998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A glycosylphosphatidylinositol-based treatment alleviates trypanosomiasis-associated immunopathology
    • Stijlemans B., et al. A glycosylphosphatidylinositol-based treatment alleviates trypanosomiasis-associated immunopathology. J. Immunol. 2007, 179:4003-4014.
    • (2007) J. Immunol. , vol.179 , pp. 4003-4014
    • Stijlemans, B.1
  • 55
    • 80054930244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IL-10 limits production of pathogenic TNF by M1 myeloid cells through induction of nuclear NF-κB p50 member in Trypanosoma congolense infection-resistant C57BL/6 mice
    • Bosschaerts T., et al. IL-10 limits production of pathogenic TNF by M1 myeloid cells through induction of nuclear NF-κB p50 member in Trypanosoma congolense infection-resistant C57BL/6 mice. Eur. J. Immunol. 2011, 41:3270-3280.
    • (2011) Eur. J. Immunol. , vol.41 , pp. 3270-3280
    • Bosschaerts, T.1
  • 56
    • 67650667814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Altered proinflammatory cytokine production and enhanced resistance to Trypanosoma congolense infection in lymphotoxin beta-deficient mice
    • Okwor I., et al. Altered proinflammatory cytokine production and enhanced resistance to Trypanosoma congolense infection in lymphotoxin beta-deficient mice. J. Infect. Dis. 2009, 200:361-369.
    • (2009) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.200 , pp. 361-369
    • Okwor, I.1
  • 57
    • 38449100946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African trypanosomiasis: naturally occurring regulatory T cells favor trypanotolerance by limiting pathology associated with sustained type 1 inflammation
    • Guilliams M., et al. African trypanosomiasis: naturally occurring regulatory T cells favor trypanotolerance by limiting pathology associated with sustained type 1 inflammation. J. Immunol. 2007, 179:2748-2757.
    • (2007) J. Immunol. , vol.179 , pp. 2748-2757
    • Guilliams, M.1
  • 58
    • 0031882516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-4-dependent immunoglobulin G1 isotype switch in the presence of a polarized antigen-specific Th1-cell response to the trypanosome variant surface glycoprotein
    • Schopf L.R., et al. Interleukin-4-dependent immunoglobulin G1 isotype switch in the presence of a polarized antigen-specific Th1-cell response to the trypanosome variant surface glycoprotein. Infect. Immun. 1998, 66:451-461.
    • (1998) Infect. Immun. , vol.66 , pp. 451-461
    • Schopf, L.R.1
  • 59
    • 50949124542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental expansion of the regulatory T cell population increases resistance to African trypanosomiasis
    • Guilliams M., et al. Experimental expansion of the regulatory T cell population increases resistance to African trypanosomiasis. J. Infect. Dis. 2008, 198:781-791.
    • (2008) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.198 , pp. 781-791
    • Guilliams, M.1
  • 60
    • 33745938947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a common gene signature for type II cytokine-associated myeloid cells elicited in vivo in different pathologic conditions
    • Ghassabeh G.H., et al. Identification of a common gene signature for type II cytokine-associated myeloid cells elicited in vivo in different pathologic conditions. Blood 2006, 108:575-583.
    • (2006) Blood , vol.108 , pp. 575-583
    • Ghassabeh, G.H.1
  • 61
    • 84867740805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene-expression profiles and transcriptional regulatory pathways that underlie the identity and diversity of mouse tissue macrophages
    • Gautier E.L., et al. Gene-expression profiles and transcriptional regulatory pathways that underlie the identity and diversity of mouse tissue macrophages. Nat. Immunol. 2012, 13:1118-1128.
    • (2012) Nat. Immunol. , vol.13 , pp. 1118-1128
    • Gautier, E.L.1
  • 62
    • 84888063933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond stem cells: self-renewal of differentiated macrophages
    • Sieweke M.H., Allen J.E. Beyond stem cells: self-renewal of differentiated macrophages. Science 2013, 342:1242974.
    • (2013) Science , vol.342 , pp. 1242974
    • Sieweke, M.H.1    Allen, J.E.2
  • 63
    • 84876800337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macrophage biology in development, homeostasis and disease
    • Wynn T.A., et al. Macrophage biology in development, homeostasis and disease. Nature 2013, 496:445-455.
    • (2013) Nature , vol.496 , pp. 445-455
    • Wynn, T.A.1
  • 64
    • 77958124602 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tip-DC development during parasitic infection is regulated by IL-10 and requires CCL2/CCR2, IFN-gamma and MyD88 signaling
    • Bosschaerts T., et al. Tip-DC development during parasitic infection is regulated by IL-10 and requires CCL2/CCR2, IFN-gamma and MyD88 signaling. PLoS Pathog. 2010, 6:e1001045.
    • (2010) PLoS Pathog. , vol.6 , pp. e1001045
    • Bosschaerts, T.1
  • 65
    • 60549106289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IL-10 dampens TNF/inducible nitric oxide synthase-producing dendritic cell-mediated pathogenicity during parasitic infection
    • Guilliams M., et al. IL-10 dampens TNF/inducible nitric oxide synthase-producing dendritic cell-mediated pathogenicity during parasitic infection. J. Immunol. 2009, 182:1107-1118.
    • (2009) J. Immunol. , vol.182 , pp. 1107-1118
    • Guilliams, M.1
  • 66
    • 77954664052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma brucei modifies the tsetse salivary composition, altering the fly feeding behavior that favors parasite transmission
    • Van Den Abbeele J., et al. Trypanosoma brucei modifies the tsetse salivary composition, altering the fly feeding behavior that favors parasite transmission. PLoS Pathog. 2010, 6:e1000926.
    • (2010) PLoS Pathog. , vol.6 , pp. e1000926
    • Van Den Abbeele, J.1
  • 67
    • 33750490096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tsetse fly saliva accelerates the onset of Trypanosoma brucei infection in a mouse model associated with a reduced host inflammatory response
    • Caljon G., et al. Tsetse fly saliva accelerates the onset of Trypanosoma brucei infection in a mouse model associated with a reduced host inflammatory response. Infect. Immun. 2006, 74:6324-6330.
    • (2006) Infect. Immun. , vol.74 , pp. 6324-6330
    • Caljon, G.1
  • 68
    • 33746313488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tsetse fly saliva biases the immune response to Th2 and induces anti-vector antibodies that are a useful tool for exposure assessment
    • Caljon G., et al. Tsetse fly saliva biases the immune response to Th2 and induces anti-vector antibodies that are a useful tool for exposure assessment. Int. J. Parasitol. 2006, 36:1025-1035.
    • (2006) Int. J. Parasitol. , vol.36 , pp. 1025-1035
    • Caljon, G.1
  • 69
    • 84875205432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of Leishmania metalloprotease GP63 on macrophage signaling
    • Isnard A., et al. Impact of Leishmania metalloprotease GP63 on macrophage signaling. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 2012, 2:72.
    • (2012) Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. , vol.2 , pp. 72
    • Isnard, A.1
  • 70
    • 15844369836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous but independent activation of adenylate cyclase and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C under stress conditions in Trypanosoma brucei
    • Rolin S., et al. Simultaneous but independent activation of adenylate cyclase and glycosylphosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C under stress conditions in Trypanosoma brucei. J. Biol. Chem. 1996, 271:10844-10852.
    • (1996) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.271 , pp. 10844-10852
    • Rolin, S.1
  • 71
    • 84863682324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Untargeted metabolomics reveals a lack of synergy between nifurtimox and eflornithine against Trypanosoma brucei
    • Vincent I.M., et al. Untargeted metabolomics reveals a lack of synergy between nifurtimox and eflornithine against Trypanosoma brucei. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. 2012, 6:e1618.
    • (2012) PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis. , vol.6 , pp. e1618
    • Vincent, I.M.1
  • 72
    • 0035082873 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DNA from protozoan parasites Babesia bovis, Trypanosoma cruzi, and T. brucei is mitogenic for B lymphocytes and stimulates macrophage expression of interleukin-12, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and nitric oxide
    • Shoda L.K., et al. DNA from protozoan parasites Babesia bovis, Trypanosoma cruzi, and T. brucei is mitogenic for B lymphocytes and stimulates macrophage expression of interleukin-12, tumor necrosis factor alpha, and nitric oxide. Infect. Immun. 2001, 69:2162-2171.
    • (2001) Infect. Immun. , vol.69 , pp. 2162-2171
    • Shoda, L.K.1
  • 73
    • 0037100526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • B cells capturing antigen conjugated with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides induce Th1 cells by elaborating IL-12
    • Shirota H., et al. B cells capturing antigen conjugated with CpG oligodeoxynucleotides induce Th1 cells by elaborating IL-12. J. Immunol. 2002, 169:787-794.
    • (2002) J. Immunol. , vol.169 , pp. 787-794
    • Shirota, H.1
  • 74
    • 34248393908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CpG oligodeoxynucleotide treatment enhances innate resistance and acquired immunity to African trypanosomes
    • Harris T.H., et al. CpG oligodeoxynucleotide treatment enhances innate resistance and acquired immunity to African trypanosomes. Infect. Immun. 2007, 75:2366-2373.
    • (2007) Infect. Immun. , vol.75 , pp. 2366-2373
    • Harris, T.H.1
  • 75
    • 33744947510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interferon-gamma and nitric oxide in combination with antibodies are key protective host immune factors during Trypanosoma congolense Tc13 infections
    • Magez S., et al. Interferon-gamma and nitric oxide in combination with antibodies are key protective host immune factors during Trypanosoma congolense Tc13 infections. J. Infect. Dis. 2006, 193:1575-1583.
    • (2006) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.193 , pp. 1575-1583
    • Magez, S.1
  • 76
    • 79959359462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic and expression analysis of cattle identifies candidate genes in pathways responding to Trypanosoma congolense infection
    • Noyes H., et al. Genetic and expression analysis of cattle identifies candidate genes in pathways responding to Trypanosoma congolense infection. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2011, 108:9304-9309.
    • (2011) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.108 , pp. 9304-9309
    • Noyes, H.1
  • 77
    • 84883378570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of GPI-PLC localisation to the flagellum and access to GPI-anchored substrates in trypanosomes
    • Sunter J., et al. Determinants of GPI-PLC localisation to the flagellum and access to GPI-anchored substrates in trypanosomes. PLoS Pathog. 2013, 9:e1003566.
    • (2013) PLoS Pathog. , vol.9 , pp. e1003566
    • Sunter, J.1
  • 78
    • 0042346122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycosylinositolphosphate soluble variant surface glycoprotein inhibits IFN-gamma-induced nitric oxide production via reduction in STAT1 phosphorylation in African trypanosomiasis
    • Coller S.P., et al. Glycosylinositolphosphate soluble variant surface glycoprotein inhibits IFN-gamma-induced nitric oxide production via reduction in STAT1 phosphorylation in African trypanosomiasis. J. Immunol. 2003, 171:1466-1472.
    • (2003) J. Immunol. , vol.171 , pp. 1466-1472
    • Coller, S.P.1
  • 79
    • 34250828404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The soluble variant surface glycoprotein of African trypanosomes is recognized by a macrophage scavenger receptor and induces I kappa B alpha degradation independently of TRAF6-mediated TLR signaling
    • Leppert B.J., et al. The soluble variant surface glycoprotein of African trypanosomes is recognized by a macrophage scavenger receptor and induces I kappa B alpha degradation independently of TRAF6-mediated TLR signaling. J. Immunol. 2007, 179:548-556.
    • (2007) J. Immunol. , vol.179 , pp. 548-556
    • Leppert, B.J.1
  • 80
    • 71949123094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a parasitic immunomodulatory protein triggering the development of suppressive M1 macrophages during African trypanosomiasis
    • Gómez-Rodríguez J., et al. Identification of a parasitic immunomodulatory protein triggering the development of suppressive M1 macrophages during African trypanosomiasis. J. Infect. Dis. 2009, 200:1849-1860.
    • (2009) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.200 , pp. 1849-1860
    • Gómez-Rodríguez, J.1
  • 81
    • 81555220896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and types of coinfections in sleeping sickness patients in Kenya (2000/2009)
    • Kagira J.M., et al. Prevalence and types of coinfections in sleeping sickness patients in Kenya (2000/2009). J. Trop. Med. 2011, 2011:248914.
    • (2011) J. Trop. Med. , vol.2011 , pp. 248914
    • Kagira, J.M.1
  • 82
    • 70349255732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Processing and presentation of variant surface glycoprotein molecules to T cells in African trypanosomiasis
    • Dagenais T.R., et al. Processing and presentation of variant surface glycoprotein molecules to T cells in African trypanosomiasis. J. Immunol. 2009, 183:3344-3355.
    • (2009) J. Immunol. , vol.183 , pp. 3344-3355
    • Dagenais, T.R.1
  • 83
    • 84901358607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Monocytes and macrophages: developmental pathways and tissue homeostasis
    • Ginhoux F., Jung S. Monocytes and macrophages: developmental pathways and tissue homeostasis. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2014, 14:392-404.
    • (2014) Nat. Rev. Immunol. , vol.14 , pp. 392-404
    • Ginhoux, F.1    Jung, S.2
  • 84
    • 16244401956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding bovine trypanosomiasis and trypanotolerance: the promise of functional genomics
    • Hill E.W., et al. Understanding bovine trypanosomiasis and trypanotolerance: the promise of functional genomics. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 2005, 105:247-258.
    • (2005) Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. , vol.105 , pp. 247-258
    • Hill, E.W.1
  • 85
    • 66149107108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transcriptional profiling of cattle infected with Trypanosoma congolense highlights gene expression signatures underlying trypanotolerance and trypanosusceptibility
    • O'Gorman G.M., et al. Transcriptional profiling of cattle infected with Trypanosoma congolense highlights gene expression signatures underlying trypanotolerance and trypanosusceptibility. BMC Genomics 2009, 10:207.
    • (2009) BMC Genomics , vol.10 , pp. 207
    • O'Gorman, G.M.1
  • 86
    • 84894252626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-dose intradermal infection with Trypanosoma congolense leads to expansion of regulatory T cells and enhanced susceptibility to reinfection
    • Onyilagha C., et al. Low-dose intradermal infection with Trypanosoma congolense leads to expansion of regulatory T cells and enhanced susceptibility to reinfection. Infect. Immun. 2014, 82:1074-1083.
    • (2014) Infect. Immun. , vol.82 , pp. 1074-1083
    • Onyilagha, C.1
  • 87
    • 84901368457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origins and functions of dendritic cells and macrophages in the skin
    • Malissen B., et al. The origins and functions of dendritic cells and macrophages in the skin. Nat. Rev. Immunol. 2014, 14:417-428.
    • (2014) Nat. Rev. Immunol. , vol.14 , pp. 417-428
    • Malissen, B.1
  • 88
    • 80052355010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lutzomyia longipalpis saliva drives apoptosis and enhances parasite burden in neutrophils
    • Prates D.B., et al. Lutzomyia longipalpis saliva drives apoptosis and enhances parasite burden in neutrophils. J. Leukoc. Biol. 2011, 90:575-582.
    • (2011) J. Leukoc. Biol. , vol.90 , pp. 575-582
    • Prates, D.B.1
  • 89
    • 67650915063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vector transmission of Leishmania abrogates vaccine-induced protective immunity
    • Peters N.C., et al. Vector transmission of Leishmania abrogates vaccine-induced protective immunity. PLoS Pathog. 2009, 5:e1000484.
    • (2009) PLoS Pathog. , vol.5 , pp. e1000484
    • Peters, N.C.1
  • 90
    • 84555186966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct Toll-like receptor signals regulate cerebral parasite load and interferon α/β and tumor necrosis factor α-dependent T-cell infiltration in the brains of Trypanosoma brucei-infected mice
    • Amin D.N., et al. Distinct Toll-like receptor signals regulate cerebral parasite load and interferon α/β and tumor necrosis factor α-dependent T-cell infiltration in the brains of Trypanosoma brucei-infected mice. J. Infect. Dis. 2012, 205:320-332.
    • (2012) J. Infect. Dis. , vol.205 , pp. 320-332
    • Amin, D.N.1
  • 91
    • 80053233055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneity of CNS myeloid cells and their roles in neurodegeneration
    • Prinz M., et al. Heterogeneity of CNS myeloid cells and their roles in neurodegeneration. Nat. Neurosci. 2011, 14:1227-1235.
    • (2011) Nat. Neurosci. , vol.14 , pp. 1227-1235
    • Prinz, M.1
  • 92
    • 84871060866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Harnessing monocyte-derived macrophages to control central nervous system pathologies: no longer 'if' but 'how'
    • Shechter R., Schwartz M. Harnessing monocyte-derived macrophages to control central nervous system pathologies: no longer 'if' but 'how'. J. Pathol. 2013, 229:332-346.
    • (2013) J. Pathol. , vol.229 , pp. 332-346
    • Shechter, R.1    Schwartz, M.2
  • 93
    • 43249131048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A haptoglobin-hemoglobin receptor conveys innate immunity to Trypanosoma brucei in humans
    • Vanhollebeke B., et al. A haptoglobin-hemoglobin receptor conveys innate immunity to Trypanosoma brucei in humans. Science 2008, 320:677-681.
    • (2008) Science , vol.320 , pp. 677-681
    • Vanhollebeke, B.1
  • 94
    • 0029883527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The main lytic factor of Trypanosoma brucei brucei in normal human serum is not high density lipoprotein
    • Raper J., et al. The main lytic factor of Trypanosoma brucei brucei in normal human serum is not high density lipoprotein. J. Exp. Med. 1996, 183:1023-1029.
    • (1996) J. Exp. Med. , vol.183 , pp. 1023-1029
    • Raper, J.1
  • 95
    • 0037422045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apolipoprotein L-I is the trypanosome lytic factor of human serum
    • Vanhamme L., et al. Apolipoprotein L-I is the trypanosome lytic factor of human serum. Nature 2003, 422:83-87.
    • (2003) Nature , vol.422 , pp. 83-87
    • Vanhamme, L.1
  • 96
    • 25444468813 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human high density lipoproteins are platforms for the assembly of multi-component innate immune complexes
    • Shiflett A.M., et al. Human high density lipoproteins are platforms for the assembly of multi-component innate immune complexes. J. Biol. Chem. 2005, 280:32578-32585.
    • (2005) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.280 , pp. 32578-32585
    • Shiflett, A.M.1
  • 97
    • 34247255334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct roles of haptoglobin-related protein and apolipoprotein L-I in trypanolysis by human serum
    • Vanhollebeke B., et al. Distinct roles of haptoglobin-related protein and apolipoprotein L-I in trypanolysis by human serum. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2007, 104:4118-4123.
    • (2007) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.104 , pp. 4118-4123
    • Vanhollebeke, B.1
  • 98
    • 49249111859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinct roles of apolipoprotein components within the trypanosome lytic factor complex revealed in a novel transgenic mouse model
    • Molina-Portela M.P., et al. Distinct roles of apolipoprotein components within the trypanosome lytic factor complex revealed in a novel transgenic mouse model. J. Exp. Med. 2008, 205:1721-1728.
    • (2008) J. Exp. Med. , vol.205 , pp. 1721-1728
    • Molina-Portela, M.P.1
  • 99
    • 33646832920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The trypanolytic factor of human serum
    • Pays E., et al. The trypanolytic factor of human serum. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 2006, 4:477-486.
    • (2006) Nat. Rev. Microbiol. , vol.4 , pp. 477-486
    • Pays, E.1
  • 100
    • 22344443961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Apolipoprotein L-I promotes trypanosome lysis by forming pores in lysosomal membranes
    • Pérez-Morga D., et al. Apolipoprotein L-I promotes trypanosome lysis by forming pores in lysosomal membranes. Science 2005, 309:469-472.
    • (2005) Science , vol.309 , pp. 469-472
    • Pérez-Morga, D.1
  • 101
    • 0032423741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A VSG expression site-associated gene confers resistance to human serum in Trypanosoma rhodesiense
    • Xong H.V., et al. A VSG expression site-associated gene confers resistance to human serum in Trypanosoma rhodesiense. Cell 1998, 95:839-846.
    • (1998) Cell , vol.95 , pp. 839-846
    • Xong, H.V.1
  • 102
    • 84884402440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense resistance to human serum
    • Uzureau P., et al. Mechanism of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense resistance to human serum. Nature 2013, 501:430-434.
    • (2013) Nature , vol.501 , pp. 430-434
    • Uzureau, P.1
  • 103
    • 77958008973 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (group 1) resistance to human trypanosome lytic factor
    • Kieft R., et al. Mechanism of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense (group 1) resistance to human trypanosome lytic factor. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2010, 107:16137-16141.
    • (2010) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.107 , pp. 16137-16141
    • Kieft, R.1
  • 104
    • 84908159020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IL-10 and regulatory T cells limit the pathogenicity of African trypanosome infection
    • Vrije Universiteit Brussel
    • Guilliams M. IL-10 and regulatory T cells limit the pathogenicity of African trypanosome infection. Faculty of Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Immunology 2008, 117. Vrije Universiteit Brussel.
    • (2008) Faculty of Sciences, Cellular and Molecular Immunology , pp. 117
    • Guilliams, M.1
  • 105
    • 33646342744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bovine trypanotolerance: a natural ability to prevent severe anaemia and haemophagocytic syndrome?
    • Naessens J. Bovine trypanotolerance: a natural ability to prevent severe anaemia and haemophagocytic syndrome?. Int. J. Parasitol. 2006, 36:521-528.
    • (2006) Int. J. Parasitol. , vol.36 , pp. 521-528
    • Naessens, J.1
  • 106
    • 60449085684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanotolerance in small ruminants of sub-Saharan Africa
    • Geerts S., et al. Trypanotolerance in small ruminants of sub-Saharan Africa. Trends Parasitol. 2009, 25:132-138.
    • (2009) Trends Parasitol. , vol.25 , pp. 132-138
    • Geerts, S.1
  • 107
    • 79960408016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human host determinants influencing the outcome of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense infections
    • Bucheton B., et al. Human host determinants influencing the outcome of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense infections. Parasite Immunol. 2011, 33:438-447.
    • (2011) Parasite Immunol. , vol.33 , pp. 438-447
    • Bucheton, B.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.