International evidence-based recommendations for focused cardiac ultrasound

Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography

Volumn 27, Issue 7, 2014, Pages 683.e1-683.e33

  Via, Gabriele ^a   Hussain, Arif ^b   Wells, Mike ^c   Reardon, Robert ^d   Elbarbary, Mahmoud ^e   Noble, Vicki E ^f   Tsung, James W ^g   Neskovic, Aleksandar N ^h   Price, Susanna ⁱ   Oren Grinberg, Achikam ^j   Liteplo, Andrew ^f   Cordioli, Ricardo ^k   Naqvi, Nitha ⁱ   Rola, Philippe ^l   Poelaert, Jan ^m   Guliĉ, Tatjana Golob ⁿ   Sloth, Erik ^o   Labovitz, Arthur ^p   Kimura, Bruce ^q   Breitkreutz, Raoul ^r   Masani, Navroz ^s   Bowra, Justin ^t   Talmor, Daniel ^j   Guarracino, Fabio ^u   Goudie, Adrian ^v   Xiaoting, Wang ^w   Chawla, Rajesh ^x   Galderisi, Maurizio ^y   Blaivas, Micheal ^z   Petrovic, Tomislav ^aa   Storti, Enrico ^ab   Neri, Luca ^ab   Melniker, Lawrence ^ac   more..

^a FONDAZIONE IRCCS POLICLINICO SAN MATTEO   (Italy)

^b KING SAUD BIN ABDULAZIZ UNIVERSITY FOR HEALTH SCIENCES   (Saudi Arabia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND   (South Africa)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^e KING SAUD UNIVERSITY   (Saudi Arabia)

^f MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL   (United States)

^g MOUNT SINAI SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^h UNIVERSITY OF BELGRADE   (Serbia)

ⁱ ROYAL BROMPTON HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^j HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

^k HOSPITAL ISRAELITA ALBERT EINSTEIN   (Brazil)

^l Santa Cabrini Hospital   (Canada)

^m UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL BRUSSELS   (Belgium)

ⁿ UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTRE MARIBOR   (Slovenia)

^o AARHUS UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Denmark)

^p UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA   (United States)

^q SCRIPPS MERCY HOSPITAL   (United States)

^r Department of Social Paediatrics   (Germany)

^s UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF WALES   (United Kingdom)

^t SYDNEY ADVENTIST HOSPITAL   (Australia)

^u UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL OF PISA   (Italy)

^v Emergency Department   (Australia)

^w PEKING UNION MEDICAL COLLEGE HOSPITAL   (China)

^x INDRAPRASTHA APOLLO HOSPITAL   (India)

^y FEDERICO II UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Italy)

^z UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^aa AVICENNE HOSPITAL   (France)

^ab OSPEDALE NIGUARDA CA GRANDA   (Italy)

^ac WEILL CORNELL MEDICAL COLLEGE   (United States)

more..

Author keywords

Cardiac sonography; Cardiac ultrasound; Crit Care echocardiography; Critical ultrasound; Echocardiography; Emergency ultrasound; Evidence based medicine; GRADE; Guideline; Point of care ultrasound; RAND

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CONSENSUS; DELPHI STUDY; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; EMERGENCY CARE; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; FOCUSED CARDIAC ULTRASOUND; HUMAN; INTENSIVE CARE; INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION; MEDICAL EXPERT; MEDICAL RESEARCH; PROGRAM APPROPRIATENESS; QUALITY CONTROL; CONSENSUS DEVELOPMENT; HOSPITAL INFORMATION SYSTEM; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PROCEDURES; STANDARDS;

CONSENSUS; CONSENSUS DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCES AS TOPIC; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; HUMANS; POINT-OF-CARE SYSTEMS; PRACTICE GUIDELINES AS TOPIC;

EID: 84902960779     PISSN: 08947317     EISSN: 10976795     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.echo.2014.05.001     Document Type: Article

References (293)

1. I. Edler, and K. Lindstrom The history of echocardiography Ultrasound Med Biol 30 2004 1565 1644 (Pubitemid 40023155)
2. American Medical Association Resolution 802, page 480. Resolution H-230.960: privileging for ultrasound imaging 1999 American Medical Association Chicago, IL
3. M.B. Jensen, E. Sloth, K.M. Larsen, and M.B. Schmidt Transthoracic echocardiography for cardiopulmonary monitoring in intensive care Eur J Anaesthesiol 21 2004 700 707 (Pubitemid 39572293)
4. J. Pershad, S. Myers, C. Plouman, C. Rosson, K. Elam, and J. Wan et al. Bedside limited echocardiography by the emergency physician is accurate during evaluation of the critically ill patient Pediatrics 114 2004 e667 e671
5. A.R. Manasia, H.M. Nagaraj, R.B. Kodali, L.B. Croft, J.M. Oropello, and R. Kohli-Seth et al. Feasibility and potential clinical utility of goal-directed transthoracic echocardiography performed by noncardiologist intensivists using a small hand-carried device (SonoHeart) in critically ill patients J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 19 2005 155 159 (Pubitemid 40544441)
6. P. Vignon, A. Dugard, J. Abraham, D. Belcour, G. Gondran, and F. Pepino et al. Focused training for goal-oriented hand-held echocardiography performed by noncardiologist residents in the intensive care unit Intensive Care Med 33 2007 1795 1799 (Pubitemid 47476643)
7. B. Cowie Focused cardiovascular ultrasound performed by anesthesiologists in the perioperative period: feasible and alters patient management J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 23 2009 450 456
8. M. Gunst, J. Sperry, V. Ghaemmaghami, T. O'Keeffe, R. Friese, and H. Frankel Bedside echocardiographic assessment for trauma/critical care: the BEAT exam J Am Coll Surg 207 2008 e1 e3
9. P. Ferrada, S. Murthi, R.J. Anand, G.V. Bochicchio, and T. Scalea Transthoracic focused rapid echocardiographic examination: real-time evaluation of fluid status in critically ill trauma patients J Trauma 70 2011 56 62 discussion 62-4
10. S. Fedson, G. Neithardt, P. Thomas, A. Lickerman, M. Radzienda, and J.M. DeCara et al. Unsuspected clinically important findings detected with a small portable ultrasound device in patients admitted to a general medicine service J Am Soc Echocardiogr 16 2003 901 905 (Pubitemid 37390990)
11. G.I. Galasko, A. Lahiri, and R. Senior Portable echocardiography: an innovative tool in screening for cardiac abnormalities in the community Eur J Echocardiogr 4 2003 119 127 (Pubitemid 36582505)
12. S.M. Colquhoun, J.R. Carapetis, J.H. Kado, B.M. Reeves, B. Remenyi, and W. May et al. Pilot study of nurse-led rheumatic heart disease echocardiography screening in Fiji-a novel approach in a resource-poor setting Cardiol Young 23 2013 546 552
13. E.S. Yim, E.F. Gillis, K. Ojala, J. MacDonald, F.C. Basilico, and G.D. Corrado Focused transthoracic echocardiography by sports medicine physicians: measurements relevant to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy J Ultrasound Med 32 2013 333 338
14. J.N. Kirkpatrick, A. Davis, J.M. Decara, A.E. Hong, P.L. Kurtz, and B. Balasia et al. Hand-carried cardiac ultrasound as a tool to screen for important cardiovascular disease in an underserved minority health care clinic J Am Soc Echocardiogr 17 2004 399 403 (Pubitemid 38881094)
15. B.J. Kimura, D.J. Shaw, D.L. Agan, S.A. Amundson, A.C. Ping, and A.N. DeMaria Value of a cardiovascular limited ultrasound examination using a hand-carried ultrasound device on clinical management in an outpatient medical clinic Am J Cardiol 100 2007 321 325 (Pubitemid 47042003)
16. G.I. Galasko, S.C. Barnes, P. Collinson, A. Lahiri, and R. Senior What is the most cost-effective strategy to screen for left ventricular systolic dysfunction: natriuretic peptides, the electrocardiogram, hand-held echocardiography, traditional echocardiography, or their combination? Eur Heart J 27 2006 193 200 (Pubitemid 43069036)
17. R. Senior, G. Galasko, M. Hickman, P. Jeetley, and A. Lahiri Community screening for left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with hypertension using hand-held echocardiography J Am Soc Echocardiogr 17 2004 56 61 (Pubitemid 38064116)
18. M. Lipczynska, P. Szymanski, A. Klisiewicz, and P. Hoffman Hand-carried echocardiography in heart failure and heart failure risk population: a community based prospective study J Am Soc Echocardiogr 24 2011 125 131
19. L.D. Martin, S. Mathews, R.C. Ziegelstein, C. Martire, E.E. Howell, and D.B. Hellmann et al. Prevalence of asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction in at-risk medical inpatients Am J Med 126 2013 68 73
20. B.J. Kimura, G.W. Gilcrease 3rd, B.K. Showalter, J.N. Phan, and T. Wolfson Diagnostic performance of a pocket-sized ultrasound device for quick-look cardiac imaging Am J Emerg Med 30 2012 32 36
21. J.N. Kirkpatrick, V. Belka, K. Furlong, B. Balasia, L.D. Jacobs, and M. Corcoran et al. Effectiveness of echocardiographic imaging by nurses to identify left ventricular systolic dysfunction in high-risk patients Am J Cardiol 95 2005 1271 1272 (Pubitemid 40616442)
22. B.J. Kimura, D.G. Blanchard, C.L. Willis, and A.N. DeMaria Limited cardiac ultrasound examination for cost-effective echocardiographic referral J Am Soc Echocardiogr 15 2002 640 646 (Pubitemid 46002645)
23. B.J. Kimura, N. Yogo, C.W. O'Connell, J.N. Phan, B.K. Showalter, and T. Wolfson Cardiopulmonary limited ultrasound examination for "quick- look" bedside application Am J Cardiol 108 2011 586 590
24. American College of Cardiology Foundation Appropriate Use Criteria Task Force, American Society of Echocardiography, American Heart Association, American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, Heart Failure Society of America, and Heart Rhythm Society et al. ACCF/ASE/AHA/ASNC/HFSA/HRS/SCAI/SCCM/SCCT/SCMR 2011 appropriate use criteria for echocardiography. A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Appropriate Use Criteria Task Force, American Society of Echocardiography, American Heart Association, American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, Heart Failure Society of America, Heart Rhythm Society, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Critical Care Medicine, Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, and Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance endorsed by the American College of Chest Physicians J Am Coll Cardiol 57 2011 1126 1166
25. M.H. Picard, D. Adams, S.M. Bierig, J.M. Dent, P.S. Douglas, and L.D. Gillam et al. American Society of Echocardiography recommendations for quality echocardiography laboratory operations J Am Soc Echocardiogr 24 2011 1 10
26. F.A. Flachskampf, L. Badano, W.G. Daniel, R.O. Feneck, K.F. Fox, and A.G. Fraser et al. Recommendations for transoesophageal echocardiography: update 2010 Eur J Echocardiogr 11 2010 557 576
27. P. Nihoyannopoulos, K. Fox, A. Fraser, F. Pinto, and Laboratory Accreditation Committee of the EAE EAE laboratory standards and accreditation Eur J Echocardiogr 8 2007 80 87 (Pubitemid 46112115)
28. A. Evangelista, F. Flachskampf, P. Lancellotti, L. Badano, R. Aguilar, and M. Monaghan et al. European Association of Echocardiography recommendations for standardization of performance, digital storage and reporting of echocardiographic studies Eur J Echocardiogr 9 2008 438 448 (Pubitemid 351882129)
29. S. Price, G. Via, E. Sloth, F. Guarracino, R. Breitkreutz, and E. Catena et al. Echocardiography practice, training and accreditation in the intensive care: document for the World Interactive Network Focused on Critical Ultrasound (WINFOCUS) Cardiovasc Ultrasound 6 2008 49
30. P.H. Mayo, Y. Beaulieu, P. Doelken, D. Feller-Kopman, C. Harrod, and A. Kaplan et al. American College of Chest Physicians/La Societe de Reanimation de Langue Francaise statement on competence in critical care ultrasonography Chest 135 2009 1050 1060
31. A.N. Neskovic, A. Hagendorff, P. Lancellotti, F. Guarracino, A. Varga, and B. Cosyns et al. Emergency echocardiography: the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging recommendations Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 14 2013 1 11
32. A.J. Labovitz, V.E. Noble, M. Bierig, S.A. Goldstein, R. Jones, and S. Kort et al. Focused cardiac ultrasound in the emergent setting: a consensus statement of the American Society of Echocardiography and American College of Emergency Physicians J Am Soc Echocardiogr 23 2010 1225 1230
33. American College of Emergency Physicians Emergency ultrasound guidelines Ann Emerg Med 53 2009 550 570
34. K.T. Spencer, B.J. Kimura, C.E. Korcarz, P.A. Pellikka, P.S. Rahko, and R.J. Siegel Focused cardiac ultrasound: recommendations from the American Society of Echocardiography J Am Soc Echocardiogr 26 2013 567 581
35. L.A. Elbarbary MM, G. Volpicelli, N. Neri, T. Petrovic, E. Storti, and M. Blaivas Development of evidence-based clinical recommendations and consensus statements in critical ultrasound field: why and how? Crit Care Ultrsound 2 2010 93 95
36. A.D. Guyatt GHO, H.J. Schunemann, P. Tugwell, and A. Knottnerus GRADE guidelines: a new series of articles in the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology J Clin Epidemiol 64 2011 380 382
37. K.B. Fitch, S.J. Aguilar, B. Burnand, J.R. LaCalle, P. Lazaro, and M. Van Het Loo et al. The RAND/UCLA appropriateness method user's manual 2001 RAND Corporation Arlington
38. G. Volpicelli, M. Elbarbary, M. Blaivas, D.A. Lichtenstein, G. Mathis, and A.W. Kirkpatrick et al. International evidence-based recommendations for point-of-care lung ultrasound Intensive Care Med 38 2012 577 591
39. M. Lamperti, A.R. Bodenham, M. Pittiruti, M. Blaivas, J.G. Augoustides, and M. Elbarbary et al. International evidence-based recommendations on ultrasound-guided vascular access Intensive Care Med 38 2012 1105 1117
40. Institute of Medicine of the National Academies. Standards for Developing Trustworthy Clinical Practice Guidelines- Institute of Medicine report - 2011. 2011. http://www.iom.edu/Reports/2011/Clinical-Practice-guidelines-We-Can-Trust/ Standards.aspx. Last accessed on on 10th of November 2013.
41. WINFOCUS. World Interactive Network Focused on Critical UltraSound. http://www.winfocus.org Last accessed on 10th of November 2013
42. UpToDate GRADE Guidelines 2013 Wolters Kluvers Health Last accessed on 10th of November 2013 http://www.uptodate.com/home/grading-guide
43. R. Breitkreutz, S. Price, H.V. Steiger, F.H. Seeger, H. Ilper, and H. Ackermann et al. Focused echocardiographic evaluation in life support and peri-resuscitation of emergency patients: a prospective trial Resuscitation 81 2010 1527 1533
44. R. Breitkreutz, F. Walcher, and F.H. Seeger Focused echocardiographic evaluation in resuscitation management: concept of an advanced life support-conformed algorithm Crit Care Med 35 2007 S150 S161
45. G.A. Schmidt, S. Koenig, and P.H. Mayo Shock: ultrasound to guide diagnosis and therapy Chest 142 2012 1042 1048
46. Y. Beaulieu Specific skill set and goals of focused echocardiography for critical care clinicians Crit Care Med 35 2007 S144 S149
47. I.M. Seppelt All intensivists need echocardiography skills in the 21st century Crit Care Resus 9 2007 286 288
48. B.G. Carr, A.J. Dean, W.W. Everett, B.S. Ku, D.G. Mark, and O. Okusanya et al. Intensivist bedside ultrasound (INBU) for volume assessment in the intensive care unit: a pilot study J Trauma 63 2007 495 500 discussion 500-2
49. S.N. Fletcher, and R.M. Grounds Crit Care echocardiography: cleared for take up Br J Anaesth 109 2012 490 492
50. P. Ferrada, R.J. Anand, J. Whelan, M.A. Aboutanos, T. Duane, and A. Malhotra et al. Limited transthoracic echocardiogram: so easy any trauma attending can do it J Trauma 71 2011 1327 1331 discussion 31-2
51. P. Ferrada, P. Vanguri, R.J. Anand, J. Whelan, T. Duane, and M. Aboutanos et al. A, B, C, D, echo: limited transthoracic echocardiogram is a useful tool to guide therapy for hypotension in the trauma bay-a pilot study J Trauma Acute Care Surg 74 2013 220 223
52. P. Perera, T. Mailhot, D. Riley, and D. Mandavia The RUSH exam: rapid ultrasound in shock in the evaluation of the critically lll Emerg Clin North Am 28 2010 29 56 vii
53. P.R. Atkinson, D.J. McAuley, R.J. Kendall, O. Abeyakoon, C.G. Reid, and J. Connolly et al. Abdominal and cardiac evaluation with sonography in shock (ACES): an approach by emergency physicians for the use of ultrasound in patients with undifferentiated hypotension Emerg Med J 26 2009 87 91
54. J.S. Rose, A.E. Bair, D. Mandavia, and D.J. Kinser The UHP ultrasound protocol: a novel ultrasound approach to the empiric evaluation of the undifferentiated hypotensive patient Am J Emerg Med 19 2001 299 302 (Pubitemid 32642159)
55. M. Lanctot FV, and Y. Beaulieu EGLS: echo-guided life support. An algorithmic approach to undifferentiated shock Crit Ultrasound J 3 2011 123 129
56. A.W. Kirkpatrick Clinician-performed focused sonography for the resuscitation of trauma Crit Care Med 35 2007 S162 S172
57. P.M. Perera, T. Mailhot, D. Riley, and D. Mandavia The RUSH exam 2012: rapid ultrasound in shock in the evaluation of the critically ill patient Ultrasound Clin 7 2012 255 278
58. C.L. Moore, and J.A. Copel Point-of-care ultrasonography N Engl J Med 364 2011 749 757
59. L. Neri, E. Storti, and D. Lichtenstein Toward an ultrasound curriculum for critical care medicine Crit Care Med 35 2007 S290 S304
60. L.L. Huffer, T.D. Bauch, J.L. Furgerson, J. Bulgrin, and S.Y. Boyd Feasibility of remote echocardiography with satellite transmission and real-time interpretation to support medical activities in the austere medical environment J Am Soc Echocardiogr 17 2004 670 674 (Pubitemid 38858047)
61. O.J. Ma, J.G. Norvell, and S. Subramanian Ultrasound applications in mass casualties and extreme environments Crit Care Med 35 2007 S275 S279
62. B.J. Kimura, S.A. Amundson, C.L. Willis, E.A. Gilpin, and A.N. DeMaria Usefulness of a hand-held ultrasound device for bedside examination of left ventricular function Am J Cardiol 90 2002 1038 1039 (Pubitemid 35232640)
63. J.B. Seward, P.S. Douglas, R. Erbel, R.E. Kerber, I. Kronzon, and H. Rakowski et al. Hand-carried cardiac ultrasound (HCU) device: recommendations regarding new technology. A report from the Echocardiography Task Force on New Technology of the Nomenclature and Standards Committee of the American Society of Echocardiography J Am Soc Echocardiogr 15 2002 369 373 (Pubitemid 44971147)
64. R. Sicari, M. Galderisi, J.U. Voigt, G. Habib, J.L. Zamorano, and P. Lancellotti et al. The use of pocket-size imaging devices: a position statement of the European Association of Echocardiography Eur J Echocardiogr 12 2011 85 87
65. K.T. Spencer, A.S. Anderson, A. Bhargava, A.C. Bales, M. Sorrentino, and K. Furlong et al. Physician-performed point-of-care echocardiography using a laptop platform compared with physical examination in the cardiovascular patient J Am Coll Cardiol 37 2001 2013 2018 (Pubitemid 32547989)
66. K. Lemola, E. Yamada, D. Jagasia, and R.E. Kerber A hand-carried personal ultrasound device for rapid evaluation of left ventricular function: use after limited echo training Echocardiography 20 2003 309 312 (Pubitemid 36606437)
67. J.N. Kirkpatrick, S.N. Ghani, and K.T. Spencer Hand carried echocardiography screening for LV systolic dysfunction in a pulmonary function laboratory Eur J Echocardiogr 9 2008 381 383 (Pubitemid 351670680)
68. B.C. Culp, J.D. Mock, T.R. Ball, C.D. Chiles, and W.C. Culp Jr. The pocket echocardiograph: a pilot study of its validation and feasibility in intubated patients Echocardiography 28 2011 371 377
69. K. Skjetne, T. Graven, B.O. Haugen, O. Salvesen, J.O. Kleinau, and H. Dalen Diagnostic influence of cardiovascular screening by pocket-size ultrasound in a cardiac unit Eur J Echocardiogr 12 2011 737 743
70. O.C. Mjolstad, H. Dalen, T. Graven, J.O. Kleinau, O. Salvesen, and B.O. Haugen Routinely adding ultrasound examinations by pocket-sized ultrasound devices improves inpatient diagnostics in a medical department Eur J Intern Med 23 2012 185 191
71. S. Fukuda, K. Shimada, T. Kawasaki, H. Fujimoto, K. Maeda, and H. Inanami et al. Pocket-sized transthoracic echocardiography device for the measurement of cardiac chamber size and function Circ J 73 2009 1092 1096
72. V.F. Panoulas, A.L. Daigeler, A.S. Malaweera, A.S. Lota, D. Baskaran, and S. Rahman et al. Pocket-size hand-held cardiac ultrasound as an adjunct to clinical examination in the hands of medical students and junior doctors Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 14 2013 323 330
73. M. Galderisi, A. Santoro, M. Versiero, V.S. Lomoriello, R. Esposito, and R. Raia et al. Improved cardiovascular diagnostic accuracy by pocket size imaging device in non-cardiologic outpatients: the NaUSiCa (Naples Ultrasound Stethoscope in Cardiology) study Cardiovasc Ultrasound 8 2010 51
74. G.N. Andersen, B.O. Haugen, T. Graven, O. Salvesen, O.C. Mjolstad, and H. Dalen Feasibility and reliability of point-of-care pocket-sized echocardiography Eur J Echocardiogr 12 2011 665 670
75. A. Testuz, H. Müller, P.F. Keller, P. Meyer, T. Stampfli, and L. Sekoranja et al. Diagnostic accuracy of pocket-size handheld echocardiographs used by cardiologists in the acute care setting Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 14 2013 38 42
76. C. Scholten, R. Rosenhek, T. Binder, M. Zehetgruber, G. Maurer, and H. Baumgartner Hand-held miniaturized cardiac ultrasound instruments for rapid and effective bedside diagnosis and patient screening J Eval Clin Pract 11 2005 67 72 (Pubitemid 40204142)
77. R. Melamed, M.D. Sprenkle, V.K. Ulstad, C.A. Herzog, and J.W. Leatherman Assessment of left ventricular function by intensivists using hand-held echocardiography Chest 135 2009 1416 1420
78. C. Prinz, and J.U. Voigt Diagnostic accuracy of a hand-held ultrasound scanner in routine patients referred for echocardiography J Am Soc Echocardiogr 24 2011 111 116
79. P. Vignon, C. Chastagner, B. Francois, J.F. Martaille, S. Normand, and M. Bonnivard et al. Diagnostic ability of hand-held echocardiography in ventilated critically ill patients Crit Care 7 2003 R84 R91
80. S. Giusca, R. Jurcut, R. Ticulescu, D. Dumitru, A. Vladaia, and O. Savu et al. Accuracy of handheld echocardiography for bedside diagnostic evaluation in a tertiary cardiology center: comparison with standard echocardiography Echocardiography 28 2011 136 141
81. G. Giannotti, S. Mondillo, M. Galderisi, R. Barbati, V. Zaca, and P. Ballo et al. Hand-held echocardiography: added value in clinical cardiological assessment Cardiovasc Ultrasound 3 2005 7
82. J.M. DeCara, R.M. Lang, R. Koch, R. Bala, J. Penzotti, and K.T. Spencer The use of small personal ultrasound devices by internists without formal training in echocardiography Eur J Echocardiogr 4 2003 141 147 (Pubitemid 36582508)
83. D.G. Mark, G.E. Hayden, B. Ky, A. Paszczuk, M. Pugh, and S. Matthews et al. Hand-carried echocardiography for assessment of left ventricular filling and ejection fraction in the surgical intensive care unit J Crit Care 24 470 2009 e1 e7
84. M.J. Liebo, R.L. Israel, E.O. Lillie, M.R. Smith, D.S. Rubenson, and E.J. Topol Is pocket mobile echocardiography the next-generation stethoscope? A cross-sectional comparison of rapidly acquired images with standard transthoracic echocardiography Ann Intern Med 155 2011 33 38
85. W.L. Duvall, L.B. Croft, and M.E. Goldman Can hand-carried ultrasound devices be extended for use by the noncardiology medical community? Echocardiography 20 2003 471 476 (Pubitemid 36754287)
86. E.C. Vourvouri, D. Poldermans, J. De Sutter, F.B. Sozzi, P. Izzo, and J.R. Roelandt Experience with an ultrasound stethoscope J Am Soc Echocardiogr 15 2002 80 85 (Pubitemid 44964487)
87. T. Xie, A.J. Chamoun, M. McCulloch, N. Tsiouris, Y. Birnbaum, and M. Ahmad Rapid screening of cardiac patients with a miniaturized hand-held ultrasound imager-comparisons with physical examination and conventional two-dimensional echocardiography Clin Cardiol 27 2004 241 245 (Pubitemid 38451162)
88. C. Coletta, E. De Marchis, M. Lenoli, S. Rosato, M. Renzi, and A. Sestili et al. Reliability of cardiac dimensions and valvular regurgitation assessment by sonographers using hand-carried ultrasound devices Eur J Echocardiogr 7 2006 275 283 (Pubitemid 43971380)
89. J. Gorcsan, P. Pandey, and L.E. Sade Influence of hand-carried ultrasound on bedside patient treatment decisions for consultative cardiology J Am Soc Echocardiogr 17 2004 50 55 (Pubitemid 38064115)
90. S.C. Liu, W.T. Chang, C.H. Huang, T.I. Weng, H.M. Ma Matthew, and W.J. Chen The value of portable ultrasound for evaluation of cardiomegaly patients presenting at the emergency department Resuscitation 64 2005 327 331
91. M. Rugolotto, B.S. Hu, D.H. Liang, and I. Schnittger Rapid assessment of cardiac anatomy and function with a new hand-carried ultrasound device (OptiGo): a comparison with standard echocardiography Eur J Echocardiogr 2 2001 262 269 (Pubitemid 34110806)
92. E.C. Vourvouri, A.F. Schinkel, J.R. Roelandt, F. Boomsma, G. Sianos, and M. Bountioukos et al. Screening for left ventricular dysfunction using a hand-carried cardiac ultrasound device Eur J Heart Fail 5 2003 767 774 (Pubitemid 38198064)
93. C.A. Frederiksen, P. Juhl-Olsen, U.T. Larsen, D.G. Nielsen, B. Eika, and E. Sloth New pocket echocardiography device is interchangeable with high-end portable system when performed by experienced examiners Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 54 2010 1217 1223
94. M. Biais, C. Carrié, F. Delaunay, N. Morel, P. Revel, and G. Janvier Evaluation of a new pocket echoscopic device for focused cardiac ultrasonography in an emergency setting Crit Care 16 2012 R82
95. H. Feigenbaum Role of M-mode technique in today's echocardiography J Am Soc Echocardiogr 23 2010 240 257 335-7
96. C. Moore Current issues with emergency cardiac ultrasound probe and image conventions Acad Emerg Med 15 2008 278 284
97. D.A. Lichtenstein [Whole-body ultrasound in the ICU. A visual approach to the critically ill] Bull Acad Natl Med 191 2007 495 516 discussion 516-7
98. J.G. Faris, M.G. Veltman, and C.F. Royse Limited transthoracic echocardiography assessment in anaesthesia and critical care Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 23 2009 285 298
99. A.E. Jones, P.A. Craddock, V.S. Tayal, and J.A. Kline Diagnostic accuracy of left ventricular function for identifying sepsis among emergency department patients with nontraumatic symptomatic undifferentiated hypotension Shock 24 2005 513 517
100. A.E. Jones, V.S. Tayal, D.M. Sullivan, and J.A. Kline Randomized, controlled trial of immediate versus delayed goal-directed ultrasound to identify the cause of nontraumatic hypotension in emergency department patients Crit Care Med 32 2004 1703 1708 (Pubitemid 39050521)
101. L. Blyth, P. Atkinson, K. Gadd, and E. Lang Bedside focused echocardiography as predictor of survival in cardiac arrest patients: a systematic review Acad Emerg Med 19 2012 1119 1126
102. M.A. Levitt, and B.A. Jan The effect of real time 2-D-echocardiography on medical decision-making in the emergency department J Emerg Med 22 2002 229 233 (Pubitemid 34262653)
103. Y. Yanagawa, K. Nishi, T. Sakamoto, and Y. Okada Early diagnosis of hypovolemic shock by sonographic measurement of inferior vena cava in trauma patients J Trauma 58 2005 825 829
104. P. Gudmundsson, E. Rydberg, R. Winter, and R. Willenheimer Visually estimated left ventricular ejection fraction by echocardiography is closely correlated with formal quantitative methods Int J Cardiol 101 2005 209 212 (Pubitemid 40637614)
105. C.L. Moore, G.A. Rose, V.S. Tayal, D.M. Sullivan, J.A. Arrowood, and J.A. Kline Determination of left ventricular function by emergency physician echocardiography of hypotensive patients Acad Emerg Med 9 2002 186 193 (Pubitemid 34207749)
106. M.D. Hope, E. de la Pena, P.C. Yang, D.H. Liang, M.V. McConnell, and D.N. Rosenthal A visual approach for the accurate determination of echocardiographic left ventricular ejection fraction by medical students J Am Soc Echocardiogr 16 2003 824 831 (Pubitemid 37391009)
107. D.B. Hellmann, Q. Whiting-O'Keefe, E.P. Shapiro, L.D. Martin, C. Martire, and R.C. Ziegelstein The rate at which residents learn to use hand-held echocardiography at the bedside Am J Med 118 2005 1010 1018 (Pubitemid 41297766)
108. M. Gunst, K. Matsushima, J. Sperry, V. Ghaemmaghami, M. Robinson, and T. O'Keeffe et al. Focused bedside echocardiography in the surgical intensive care unit: comparison of 3 methods to estimate cardiac index J Intensive Care Med 26 2011 255 260
109. B. Cowie, and R. Kluger Evaluation of systolic murmurs using transthoracic echocardiography by anaesthetic trainees Anaesthesia 66 2011 785 790
110. J.S. Alpert, J. Mladenovic, and D.B. Hellmann Should a hand-carried ultrasound machine become standard equipment for every internist? Am J Med 122 2009 1 3
111. K.P. Nunn, and P.K. Thompson Towards evidence based emergency medicine: PRIVATE Best BETs from the Manchester Royal Infirmary - Bet 1: bedside echocardiography for prognosis of emergency department cardiac arrest Emerg Med J 28 2011 990 991
112. J.H. Holm, C.A. Frederiksen, P. Juhl-Olsen, and E. Sloth Perioperative use of focus assessed transthoracic echocardiography (FATE) Anesth Analg 115 2012 1029 1032
113. P. Vignon, M.B. Frank, J. Lesage, F. Mucke, B. Francois, and S. Normand et al. Hand-held echocardiography with Doppler capability for the assessment of critically-ill patients: is it reliable? Intensive Care Med 30 2004 718 723 (Pubitemid 38530112)
114. B.J. Kimura, S.J. Fowler, T.S. Fergus, J.J. Minuto, S.A. Amundson, and E.A. Gilpin et al. Detection of left atrial enlargement using hand-carried ultrasound devices to screen for cardiac abnormalities Am J Med 118 2005 912 916 (Pubitemid 41097471)
115. B.J. Kimura, E. Kedar, D.E. Weiss, C.L. Wahlstrom, and D.L. Agan A bedside ultrasound sign of cardiac disease: the left atrium-to-aorta diastolic diameter ratio Am J Emerg Med 28 2010 203 207
116. K. Fox A position statement: echocardiography in the critically ill Acute Med 7 2008 95 96
117. P. Vignon, F. Mucke, F. Bellec, B. Marin, J. Croce, and T. Brouqui et al. Basic critical care echocardiography: validation of a curriculum dedicated to noncardiologist residents Crit Care Med 39 2011 636 642
118. B.J. Kimura, S.A. Amundson, J.N. Phan, D.L. Agan, and D.J. Shaw Observations during development of an internal medicine residency training program in cardiovascular limited ultrasound examination J Hosp Med 7 2012 537 542
119. E. Manno, M. Navarra, L. Faccio, M. Motevallian, L. Bertolaccini, and A. Mfochive et al. Deep impact of ultrasound in the intensive care unit: the "ICU-sound" protocol Anesthesiology 117 2012 801 809
120. A.E. Jones, V.S. Tayal, and J.A. Kline Focused training of emergency medicine residents in goal-directed echocardiography: a prospective study Acad Emerg Med 10 2003 1054 1058 (Pubitemid 37205678)
121. C.A. Frederiksen, P. Juhl-Olsen, D.G. Nielsen, B. Eika, and E. Sloth Limited intervention improves technical skill in focus assessed transthoracic echocardiography among novice examiners BMC Med Educ 12 2012 65
122. C.A. Frederiksen, P. Juhl-Olsen, N.H. Andersen, and E. Sloth Assessment of cardiac pathology by point-of-care ultrasonography performed by a novice examiner is comparable to the gold standard Scand J Trauma Resus Emerg Med 21 2013 87
123. P. Lancellotti, L. Moura, L.A. Pierard, E. Agricola, B.A. Popescu, and C. Tribouilloy et al. European Association of Echocardiography recommendations for the assessment of valvular regurgitation. Part 2: mitral and tricuspid regurgitation (native valve disease) Eur J Echocardiogr 11 2010 307 332
124. P. Lancellotti, C. Tribouilloy, A. Hagendorff, L. Moura, B.A. Popescu, and E. Agricola et al. European Association of Echocardiography recommendations for the assessment of valvular regurgitation. Part 1: aortic and pulmonary regurgitation (native valve disease) Eur J Echocardiogr 11 2010 223 244
125. H. Baumgartner, J. Hung, J. Bermejo, J.B. Chambers, A. Evangelista, and B.P. Griffin et al. Echocardiographic assessment of valve stenosis: EAE/ASE recommendations for clinical practice J Am Soc Echocardiogr 22 2009 1 23 quiz 101-2
126. A. Vahanian, and G. Ducrocq Emergencies in valve disease Curr Opin Crit Care 14 2008 555 560
127. H. Shmueli, Y. Burstein, I. Sagy, Z.H. Perry, R. Ilia, and Y. Henkin et al. Briefly trained medical students can effectively identify rheumatic mitral valve injury using a hand-carried ultrasound Echocardiography 30 2013 621 626
128. S.L. Kobal, L. Trento, S. Baharami, K. Tolstrup, T.Z. Naqvi, and B. Cercek et al. Comparison of effectiveness of hand-carried ultrasound to bedside cardiovascular physical examination Am J Cardiol 96 2005 1002 1006 (Pubitemid 41362528)
129. J.H. Alexander, E.D. Peterson, A.Y. Chen, T.M. Harding, D.B. Adams, and J.A. Kisslo Jr. Feasibility of point-of-care echocardiography by internal medicine house staff Am Heart J 147 2004 476 481 (Pubitemid 38880869)
130. B.J. Kimura, B. Pezeshki, S.A. Frack, and A.N. DeMaria Feasibility of "limited" echo imaging: characterization of incidental findings J Am Soc Echocardiogr 11 1998 746 750 (Pubitemid 28335132)
131. N. Cardim, C. Fernandez Golfin, D. Ferreira, A. Aubele, J. Toste, and M.A. Cobos et al. Usefulness of a new miniaturized echocardiographic system in outpatient cardiology consultations as an extension of physical examination J Am Soc Echocardiogr 24 2011 117 124
132. J. Wright, R. Jarman, J. Connolly, and P. Dissmann Echocardiography in the emergency department Emerg Med J 26 2009 82 86
133. R.T. Hahn Should echocardiographers embrace the FOCUS examination? J Am Soc Echocardiogr 26 2013 A32 A33
134. B. Cowie Three years' experience of focused cardiovascular ultrasound in the peri-operative period Anaesthesia 66 2011 268 273
135. D.G. Mark, B.S. Ku, B.G. Carr, W.W. Everett, O. Okusanya, and A. Horan et al. Directed bedside transthoracic echocardiography: preferred cardiac window for left ventricular ejection fraction estimation in critically ill patients Am J Emerg Med 25 2007 894 900 (Pubitemid 47516641)
136. S. Price, S. Uddin, and T. Quinn Echocardiography in cardiac arrest Curr Opin Crit Care 16 2010 211 215
137. J.M. Brennan, A. Ronan, S. Goonewardena, J.E. Blair, M. Hammes, and D. Shah et al. Handcarried ultrasound measurement of the inferior vena cava for assessment of intravascular volume status in the outpatient hemodialysis clinic Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 1 2006 749 753
138. J. Christenson, D. Andrusiek, S. Everson-Stewart, P. Kudenchuk, D. Hostler, and J. Powell et al. Chest compression fraction determines survival in patients with out-of-hospital ventricular fibrillation Circulation 120 2009 1241 1247
139. M.F. Hazinski, J.P. Nolan, J.E. Billi, B.W. Bottiger, L. Bossaert, and A.R. de Caen et al. Part 1: executive summary: 2010 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science with treatment recommendations Circulation 122 2010 S250 S275
140. R. Breitkreutz, F. Walcher, and F.H. Seeger ALS conformed use of echocardiography or ultrasound in resuscitation management Resuscitation 77 2008 270 272 author reply 2-3
141. D.F. Niendorff, A.J. Rassias, R. Palac, M.L. Beach, S. Costa, and M. Greenberg Rapid cardiac ultrasound of inpatients suffering PEA arrest performed by nonexpert sonographers Resuscitation 67 2005 81 87 (Pubitemid 41394082)
142. R. Breitkreutz, S. Uddin, H. Steiger, H. Ilper, M. Steche, and F. Walcher et al. Focused echocardiography entry level: new concept of a 1-day training course Minerva Anestesiol 75 2009 285 292
143. R. Breitkreutz, F. Walcher, H. Ilper, F.H. Seeger, S. Price, and G. Via et al. Focused echocardiography in life support: the subcostal window Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 35 2009 347 356
144. Committee BE Standard Echocardiography Minimum Dataset 2012
145. F. Lapostolle, T. Petrovic, G. Lenoir, J. Catineau, M. Galinski, and J. Metzger et al. Usefulness of hand-held ultrasound devices in out-of-hospital diagnosis performed by emergency physicians Am J Emerg Med 24 2006 237 242 (Pubitemid 43265892)
146. E.J. Chin, C.H. Chan, R. Mortazavi, C.L. Anderson, C.A. Kahn, and S. Summers et al. A pilot study examining the viability of a prehospital assessment with ultrasound for emergencies (PAUSE) protocol J Emerg Med 44 2013 142 149
147. W. Heegaard, D. Hildebrandt, D. Spear, K. Chason, B. Nelson, and J. Ho Prehospital ultrasound by paramedics: results of field trial Acad Emerg Med 17 2010 624 630
148. A. Neesse, A. Jerrentrup, S. Hoffmann, A. Sattler, C. Görg, and C. Kill et al. Prehospital chest emergency sonography trial in Germany: a prospective study Eur J Emerg Med 19 2012 161 166
149. G. Aichinger, P.M. Zechner, G. Prause, F. Sacherer, G. Wildner, and C.L. Anderson et al. Cardiac movement identified on prehospital echocardiography predicts outcome in cardiac arrest patients Prehosp Emerg Care 16 2012 251 255
150. K.S. Boniface, H. Shokoohi, E.R. Smith, and K. Scantlebury Tele-ultrasound and paramedics: real-time remote physician guidance of the Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma examination Am J Emerg Med 29 2011 477 481
151. M. Brooke, J. Walton, and D. Scutt Paramedic application of ultrasound in the management of patients in the prehospital setting: a review of the literature Emerg Med J 27 2010 702 707
152. J.M. Leung, and E.H. Levine Left ventricular end-systolic cavity obliteration as an estimate of intraoperative hypovolemia Anesthesiology 81 1994 1102 1109 (Pubitemid 24340366)
153. A. Dipti, Z. Soucy, A. Surana, and S. Chandra Role of inferior vena cava diameter in assessment of volume status: a meta-analysis Am J Emerg Med 30 2012 1414 1419.e1
154. S. Zengin, B. Al, S. Genc, C. Yildirim, S. Ercan, and M. Dogan et al. Role of inferior vena cava and right ventricular diameter in assessment of volume status: a comparative study: ultrasound and hypovolemia Am J Emerg Med 31 2013 763 767
155. M. Feissel, F. Michard, J.P. Faller, and J.L. Teboul The respiratory variation in inferior vena cava diameter as a guide to fluid therapy Intensive Care Med 30 2004 1834 1837 (Pubitemid 39297190)
156. C. Barbier, Y. Loubières, C. Schmit, J. Hayon, J.L. Ricôme, and F. Jardin et al. Respiratory changes in inferior vena cava diameter are helpful in predicting fluid responsiveness in ventilated septic patients Intensive Care Med 30 2004 1740 1746 (Pubitemid 39297177)
157. R. Moretti, and B. Pizzi Inferior vena cava distensibility as a predictor of fluid responsiveness in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage Neurocrit Care 13 2010 3 9
158. X. Monnet, M. Rienzo, D. Osman, N. Anguel, C. Richard, and M.R. Pinsky et al. Passive leg raising predicts fluid responsiveness in the critically ill Crit Care Med 34 2006 1402 1407
159. S. Préau, F. Saulnier, F. Dewavrin, A. Durocher, and J.L. Chagnon Passive leg raising is predictive of fluid responsiveness in spontaneously breathing patients with severe sepsis or acute pancreatitis Crit Care Med 38 2010 819 825
160. J. Maizel, N. Airapetian, E. Lorne, C. Tribouilloy, Z. Massy, and M. Slama Diagnosis of central hypovolemia by using passive leg raising Intensive Care Med 33 2007 1133 1138 (Pubitemid 47036884)
161. P. Juhl-Olsen, S.T. Vistisen, L.K. Christiansen, L.A. Rasmussen, C.A. Frederiksen, and E. Sloth Ultrasound of the inferior vena cava does not predict hemodynamic response to early hemorrhage J Emerg Med 45 2013 592 597
162. Y. Yanagawa, T. Sakamoto, and Y. Okada Hypovolemic shock evaluated by sonographic measurement of the inferior vena cava during resuscitation in trauma patients J Trauma 63 2007 1245 1248 discussion 8
163. D.J. Wallace, M. Allison, and M.B. Stone Inferior vena cava percentage collapse during respiration is affected by the sampling location: an ultrasound study in healthy volunteers Acad Emerg Med 17 2010 96 99
164. D.J. Blehar, D. Resop, B. Chin, M. Dayno, and R. Gaspari Inferior vena cava displacement during respirophasic ultrasound imaging Crit Ultrasound J 4 2012 18
165. L. Muller, X. Bobbia, M. Toumi, G. Louart, N. Molinari, and B. Ragonnet et al. Respiratory variations of inferior vena cava diameter to predict fluid responsiveness in spontaneously breathing patients with acute circulatory failure: need for a cautious use Crit Care 16 2012 R188
166. D.J. Canty, and C.F. Royse Audit of anaesthetist-performed echocardiography on perioperative management decisions for non-cardiac surgery Br J Anaesth 103 2009 352 358
167. V.S. Tayal, and J.A. Kline Emergency echocardiography to detect pericardial effusion in patients in PEA and near-PEA states Resuscitation 59 2003 315 318 (Pubitemid 37500932)
168. M. Chardoli, F. Heidari, H. Rabiee, M. Sharif-Alhoseini, H. Shokoohi, and V. Rahimi-Movaghar Echocardiography integrated ACLS protocol versus conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation in patients with pulseless electrical activity cardiac arrest Chin J Traumatol 15 2012 284 287
169. O. Tomruk, B. Erdur, G. Cetin, A. Ergin, M. Avcil, and M. Kapci Assessment of cardiac ultrasonography in predicting outcome in adult cardiac arrest J Int Med Res 40 2012 804 809
170. E.L. Cureton, L.Y. Yeung, R.O. Kwan, E.J. Miraflor, J. Sadjadi, and D.D. Price et al. The heart of the matter: utility of ultrasound of cardiac activity during traumatic arrest J Trauma Acute Care Surg 73 2012 102 110
171. M. Blaivas, and J.C. Fox Outcome in cardiac arrest patients found to have cardiac standstill on the bedside emergency department echocardiogram Acad Emerg Med 8 2001 616 621 (Pubitemid 32522202)
172. G.S. Rozycki, R.B. Ballard, D.V. Feliciano, J.A. Schmidt, and S.D. Pennington Surgeon-performed ultrasound for the assessment of truncal injuries: lessons learned from 1540 patients Ann Surg 228 1998 557 567 (Pubitemid 30194399)
173. C.F. Royse, D.L. Haji, J.G. Faris, M.G. Veltman, A. Kumar, and A.G. Royse Evaluation of the interpretative skills of participants of a limited transthoracic echocardiography training course (H.A.R.T.scan course) Anaesth Intensive Care 40 2012 498 504
174. S. Kaul, A.A. Stratienko, S.G. Pollock, M.A. Marieb, M.W. Keller, and P.J. Sabia Value of two-dimensional echocardiography for determining the basis of hemodynamic compromise in critically ill patients: a prospective study J Am Soc Echocardiogr 7 1994 598 606
175. P. Sabia, R.D. Abbott, A. Afrookteh, M.W. Keller, D.A. Touchstone, and S. Kaul Importance of two-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular systolic function in patients presenting to the emergency room with cardiac-related symptoms Circulation 84 1991 1615 1624
176. E.E. Unluer, S. Bayata, N. Postaci, M. Yesil, O. Yavasi, and P.H. Kara et al. Limited bedside echocardiography by emergency physicians for diagnosis of diastolic heart failure Emerg Med J 29 2012 280 283
177. R. Mayron, F.E. Gaudio, D. Plummer, R. Asinger, and J. Elsperger Echocardiography performed by emergency physicians: impact on diagnosis and therapy Ann Emerg Med 17 1988 150 154 (Pubitemid 18054366)
178. P. Salen, R. O'Connor, P. Sierzenski, B. Passarello, D. Pancu, and S. Melanson et al. Can cardiac sonography and capnography be used independently and in combination to predict resuscitation outcomes? Acad Emerg Med 8 2001 610 615 (Pubitemid 32522201)
179. H.M. Krumholz, P.S. Douglas, L. Goldman, and C. Waksmonski Clinical utility of transthoracic two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography J Am Coll Cardiol 24 1994 125 131 (Pubitemid 24202787)
180. J.W. Tam, J. Nichol, A.L. MacDiarmid, N. Lazarow, and K. Wolfe What is the real clinical utility of echocardiography? A prospective observational study J Am Soc Echocardiogr 12 1999 689 697 (Pubitemid 29444415)
181. T.G. Tape, and A.I. Mushlin The utility of routine chest radiographs Ann Intern Med 104 1986 663 670 (Pubitemid 16114564)
182. D. Jehle, E. Davis, T. Evans, F. Harchelroad, M. Martin, and K. Zaiser et al. Emergency department sonography by emergency physicians Am J Emerg Med 7 1989 605 611 (Pubitemid 19276854)
183. D. Plummer Principles of emergency ultrasound and echocardiography Ann Emerg Med 18 1989 1291 1297 (Pubitemid 20014617)
184. G. Prosen, M. Križmarić, J. Završnik, and S. Grmec Impact of modified treatment in echocardiographically confirmed pseudo-pulseless electrical activity in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients with constant end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure during compression pauses J Int Med Res 38 2010 1458 1467
185. D. Plummer, D. Brunette, R. Asinger, and E. Ruiz Emergency department echocardiography improves outcome in penetrating cardiac injury Ann Emerg Med 21 1992 709 712
186. G.S. Rozycki, D.V. Feliciano, M.G. Ochsner, M.M. Knudson, D.B. Hoyt, and F. Davis et al. The role of ultrasound in patients with possible penetrating cardiac wounds: a prospective multicenter study J Trauma 46 1999 543 551 discussion 51-2
187. D.D. Brunette Twelve years of emergency medicine at Hennepin County Medical Center. Changing critical care experience Minn Med 82 1999 42 48
188. M.X. Joseph, P.J. Disney, R. Da Costa, and S.J. Hutchison Transthoracic echocardiography to identify or exclude cardiac cause of shock Chest 126 2004 1592 1597 (Pubitemid 39525035)
189. S.A. Haydar, E.T. Moore, G.L. Higgins 3rd, C.B. Irish, W.B. Owens, and T.D. Strout Effect of bedside ultrasonography on the certainty of physician clinical decisionmaking for septic patients in the emergency department Ann Emerg Med 60 2012 346 358.e4
190. S.L. Kobal, S. Atar, and R.J. Siegel Hand-carried ultrasound improves the bedside cardiovascular examination Chest 126 2004 693 701 (Pubitemid 39258019)
191. R. Razi, J.R. Estrada, J. Doll, and K.T. Spencer Bedside hand-carried ultrasound by internal medicine residents versus traditional clinical assessment for the identification of systolic dysfunction in patients admitted with decompensated heart failure J Am Soc Echocardiogr 24 2011 1319 1324
192. J.J. Bocka, D.T. Overton, and A. Hauser Electromechanical dissociation in human beings: an echocardiographic evaluation Ann Emerg Med 17 1988 450 452
193. R.W. Neumar, C.W. Otto, M.S. Link, S.L. Kronick, M. Shuster, and C.W. Callaway et al. Part 8: adult advanced cardiovascular life support: 2010 American Heart Association guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation and emergency cardiovascular care Circulation 122 2010 S729 S767
194. M.R. Randazzo, E.R. Snoey, M.A. Levitt, and K. Binder Accuracy of emergency physician assessment of left ventricular ejection fraction and central venous pressure using echocardiography Acad Emerg Med 10 2003 973 977 (Pubitemid 37093201)
195. G.S. Rozycki, D.V. Feliciano, J.A. Schmidt, J.G. Cushman, A.C. Sisley, and W. Ingram et al. The role of surgeon-performed ultrasound in patients with possible cardiac wounds Ann Surg 223 1996 737 744 discussion 44-6
196. L.B. Croft, W.L. Duvall, and M.E. Goldman A pilot study of the clinical impact of hand-carried cardiac ultrasound in the medical clinic Echocardiography 23 2006 439 446 (Pubitemid 44366049)
197. J.M. Decara, J.N. Kirkpatrick, K.T. Spencer, R.P. Ward, K. Kasza, and K. Furlong et al. Use of hand-carried ultrasound devices to augment the accuracy of medical student bedside cardiac diagnoses J Am Soc Echocardiogr 18 2005 257 263 (Pubitemid 40289047)
198. J.M. Brennan, J.E. Blair, S. Goonewardena, A. Ronan, D. Shah, and S. Vasaiwala et al. A comparison by medicine residents of physical examination versus hand-carried ultrasound for estimation of right atrial pressure Am J Cardiol 99 2007 1614 1616 (Pubitemid 46770646)
199. L.D. Martin, E.E. Howell, R.C. Ziegelstein, C. Martire, Q.E. Whiting-O'Keefe, and E.P. Shapiro et al. Hand-carried ultrasound performed by hospitalists: does it improve the cardiac physical examination? Am J Med 122 2009 35 41
200. H.M. Ippisch, and T.R. Kimball The impact of evolving hand-carried echocardiographic technology on outpatient physical examination accuracy in pediatric cardiology Congenit Heart Dis 2 2007 170 178 (Pubitemid 46901507)
201. J.E. Blair, J.M. Brennan, S.N. Goonewardena, D. Shah, S. Vasaiwala, and K.T. Spencer Usefulness of hand-carried ultrasound to predict elevated left ventricular filling pressure Am J Cardiol 103 2009 246 247
202. J.M. Brennan, J.E. Blair, S. Goonewardena, A. Ronan, D. Shah, and S. Vasaiwala et al. Reappraisal of the use of inferior vena cava for estimating right atrial pressure J Am Soc Echocardiogr 20 2007 857 861 (Pubitemid 47016906)
203. S.P. Stawicki, B.M. Braslow, N.L. Panebianco, J.N. Kirkpatrick, V.H. Gracias, and G.E. Hayden et al. Intensivist use of hand-carried ultrasonography to measure IVC collapsibility in estimating intravascular volume status: correlations with CVP J Am Coll Surg 209 2009 55 61
204. A.D. Nagdev, R.C. Merchant, A. Tirado-Gonzalez, C.A. Sisson, and M.C. Murphy Emergency department bedside ultrasonographic measurement of the caval index for noninvasive determination of low central venous pressure Ann Emerg Med 55 2010 290 295
205. D. Seif, T. Mailhot, P. Perera, and D. Mandavia Caval sonography in shock: a noninvasive method for evaluating intravascular volume in critically ill patients J Ultrasound Med 31 2012 1885 1890
206. P. Juhl-Olsen, C.A. Frederiksen, and E. Sloth Ultrasound assessment of inferior vena cava collapsibility is not a valid measure of preload changes during triggered positive pressure ventilation: a controlled cross-over study Ultraschall Med (Stuttgart, Germany) 33 2012 152 159
207. K. Bendjelid, J.A. Romand, B. Walder, P.M. Suter, and G. Fournier Correlation between measured inferior vena cava diameter and right atrial pressure depends on the echocardiographic method used in patients who are mechanically ventilated J Am Soc Echocardiogr 15 2002 944 949
208. M. Lyon, M. Blaivas, and L. Brannam Sonographic measurement of the inferior vena cava as a marker of blood loss Am J Emerg Med 23 2005 45 50
209. S. Sefidbakht, R. Assadsangabi, H.R. Abbasi, and A. Nabavizadeh Sonographic measurement of the inferior vena cava as a predictor of shock in trauma patients Emerg Radiol 14 2007 181 185 (Pubitemid 47030227)
210. A. Levitov, and P.E. Marik Echocardiographic assessment of preload responsiveness in critically ill patients Cardiol Res Pract 2012 2012 819696
211. P.E. Marik, M. Baram, and B. Vahid Does central venous pressure predict fluid responsiveness? A systematic review of the literature and the tale of seven mares Chest 134 2008 172 178
212. J. Jue, W. Chung, and N.B. Schiller Does inferior vena cava size predict right atrial pressures in patients receiving mechanical ventilation? J Am Soc Echocardiogr 5 1992 613 619
213. A.J. Weekes, H.M. Tassone, A. Babcock, D.P. Quirke, H.J. Norton, and K. Jayarama et al. Comparison of serial qualitative and quantitative assessments of caval index and left ventricular systolic function during early fluid resuscitation of hypotensive emergency department patients Acad Emerg Med 18 2011 912 921
214. B. Akilli, A. Bayir, F. Kara, A. Ak, and B. Cander Inferior vena cava diameter as a marker of early hemorrhagic shock: a comparative study Turk J Trauma Emerg Surg 16 2010 113 118
215. P. Ferrada, D. Evans, L. Wolfe, R.J. Anand, P. Vanguri, and J. Mayglothling et al. Findings of a randomized controlled trial using limited transthoracic echocardiogram (LTTE) as a hemodynamic monitoring tool in the trauma bay J Trauma Acute Care Surg 76 2014 31 38
216. K. Corl, A.M. Napoli, and F. Gardiner Bedside sonographic measurement of the inferior vena cava caval index is a poor predictor of fluid responsiveness in emergency department patients Emerg Med Australas 24 2012 534 539
217. J.L. Teboul, and X. Monnet Prediction of volume responsiveness in critically ill patients with spontaneous breathing activity Curr Opin Crit Care 14 2008 334 339 (Pubitemid 351667920)
218. P.E. Marik Techniques for assessment of intravascular volume in critically ill patients J Intensive Care Med 24 2009 329 337
219. P.E. Marik, R. Cavallazzi, T. Vasu, and A. Hirani Dynamic changes in arterial waveform derived variables and fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients: a systematic review of the literature Crit Care Med 37 2009 2642 2647
220. M. Biais, L. Vidil, P. Sarrabay, V. Cottenceau, P. Revel, and F. Sztark Changes in stroke volume induced by passive leg raising in spontaneously breathing patients: comparison between echocardiography and Vigileo/FloTrac device Crit Care 13 2009 R195
221. J.L. Teboul, and X. Monnet Detecting volume responsiveness and unresponsiveness in intensive care unit patients: two different problems, only one solution Crit Care 13 2009 175
222. B. Lamia, A. Ochagavia, X. Monnet, D. Chemla, C. Richard, and J.L. Teboul Echocardiographic prediction of volume responsiveness in critically ill patients with spontaneously breathing activity Intensive Care Med 33 2007 1125 1132 (Pubitemid 47036887)
223. R. Senior, G. Galasko, J.V. McMurray, and J. Mayet Screening for left ventricular dysfunction in the community: role of hand held echocardiography and brain natriuretic peptides Heart 89 Suppl 3 2003 iii24 iii28
224. Y. Hirano, H. Uehara, H. Nakamura, S. Ikuta, M. Nakano, and S. Akiyama et al. Efficacy of ultrasound-assisted stress testing using a hand-carried ultrasound device for diagnosis of coronary artery disease J Am Soc Echocardiogr 19 2006 536 539
225. R. Senior, and G. Galasko Cost-effective strategies to screen for left ventricular systolic dysfunction in the community-a concept Congest Heart Fail 11 2005 194 198 211
226. B.J. Kimura, and A.N. DeMaria Technology insight: hand-carried ultrasound cardiac assessment-evolution, not revolution Nat Clin Pract Cardiovasc Med 2 2005 217 223 quiz 24 (Pubitemid 40812485)
227. S.L. Kobal, L.S. Czer, P.C. Czer, Z. Feldsher, R. Hamilton, and R.J. Siegel Making an impossible mission possible Chest 125 2004 293 296 (Pubitemid 38114595)
228. F.A. Duck Hazards, risks and safety of diagnostic ultrasound Med Eng Phys 30 2008 1338 1348
229. S.B. Barnett, G.R. Ter Haar, M.C. Ziskin, H.D. Rott, F.A. Duck, and K. Maeda International recommendations and guidelines for the safe use of diagnostic ultrasound in medicine Ultrasound Med Biol 26 2000 355 366 (Pubitemid 30204547)
230. E.M. Foster, and D. Jones Can a costly intervention be cost-effective?: An analysis of violence prevention Arch Gen Psychiatry 63 2006 1284 1291 (Pubitemid 44708087)
231. D. Talmor, N. Shapiro, D. Greenberg, P.W. Stone, and P.J. Neumann When is critical care medicine cost-effective? A systematic review of the cost-effectiveness literature Crit Care Med 34 2006 2738 2747 (Pubitemid 44610938)
232. L.A. Melniker, E. Leibner, M.G. McKenney, P. Lopez, W.M. Briggs, and C.A. Mancuso Randomized controlled clinical trial of point-of-care, limited ultrasonography for trauma in the emergency department: the first sonography outcomes assessment program trial Ann Emerg Med 48 2006 227 235 (Pubitemid 44294722)
233. L.D. Martin, E.E. Howell, R.C. Ziegelstein, C. Martire, E.P. Shapiro, and D.B. Hellmann Hospitalist performance of cardiac hand-carried ultrasound after focused training Am J Med 120 2007 1000 1004 (Pubitemid 47633498)
234. C.F. Royse, J.L. Seah, L. Donelan, and A.G. Royse Point of care ultrasound for basic haemodynamic assessment: novice compared with an expert operator Anaesthesia 61 2006 849 855 (Pubitemid 44219452)
235. P.H. Mayo Training in critical care echocardiography Ann Intensive Care 1 2011 36
236. Expert Round Table on Ultrasound in ICU International expert statement on training standards for critical care ultrasonography Intensive Care Med 37 2011 1077 1083
237. M. Sajeva E-learning: Web-based education Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 19 2006 645 649 (Pubitemid 44722012)
238. A.P. Choules The use of elearning in medical education: a review of the current situation Postgrad Med J 83 2007 212 216 (Pubitemid 46663006)
239. L. Naldi, R. Manfrini, L. Martin, C. Deligant, and P. Dri Feasibility of a web-based continuing medical education program in dermatology: the DermoFAD experience in Italy Dermatology 213 2006 6 11
240. E. Filippucci, G. Meenagh, A. Ciapetti, A. Iagnocco, A. Taggart, and W. Grassi E-learning in ultrasonography: a Web-based approach Ann Rheum Dis 66 2007 962 965 (Pubitemid 46999802)
241. M. Muller, S. Duperret, and J.P. Viale [E-learning in medicine: appraisal and perspectives. Example of an educational website about echocardiography in anaesthesia, intensive care and emergencies: http://www.echorea.org] Ann Francaises Anesth Reanim 27 2008 832 839
242. S. Rao, L. van Holsbeeck, J.L. Musial, A. Parker, J.A. Bouffard, and P. Bridge et al. A pilot study of comprehensive ultrasound education at the Wayne State University School of Medicine: a pioneer year review J Ultrasound Med 27 2008 745 749
243. R.A. Hoppmann, W. Rao, M.B. Poston, D.B. Howe, P.S. Hunt, and S.D. Fowler et al. An integrated ultrasound curriculum (iUSC) for medical students: 4-year experience Crit Ultrasound J 3 2011 1 12
244. S. Price, H. Ilper, S. Uddin, H.V. Steiger, F.H. Seeger, and S. Schellhaas et al. Peri-resuscitation echocardiography: training the novice practitioner Resuscitation 81 2010 1534 1539
245. B.P. Cholley, A. Vieillard-Baron, and A. Mebazaa Echocardiography in the ICU: time for widespread use! Intensive Care Med 32 2006 9 10 (Pubitemid 43039370)
246. A. McLean, and K. Yastrebov Echocardiography training for the intensivist Crit Care Resus 9 2007 319 322
247. P.E. Marik, and P. Mayo Certification and training in critical care ultrasound Intensive Care Med 34 2008 215 217
248. Y. Beaulieu, and P.E. Marik Bedside ultrasonography in the ICU: part 2 Chest 128 2005 1766 1781 (Pubitemid 41324475)
249. A.R. Bodenham Editorial II: ultrasound imaging by anaesthetists: training and accreditation issues Br J Anaesth 96 2006 414 417
250. J. Chambers Self-regulation sets standards in echocardiography accreditation SA Heart 7 2010 90 92
251. S.J. Huang, and A.S. McLean Do we need a critical care ultrasound certification program? Implications from an Australian medical-legal perspective Crit Care 14 2010 313
252. M.A. Quinones, P.S. Douglas, E. Foster, J. Gorcsan 3rd, J.F. Lewis, and A.S. Pearlman et al. American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association clinical competence statement on echocardiography: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association/American College of Physicians-American Society of Internal Medicine Task Force on Clinical Competence Circulation 107 2003 1068 1089 (Pubitemid 36261988)
253. M.R. Macdonald, N.M. Hawkins, S. Balmain, J. Dalzell, J.J. McMurray, and M.C. Petrie Transthoracic echocardiography: a survey of current practice in the UK QJM 101 2008 345 349 (Pubitemid 351619241)
254. B.N. Shah, A.C. Lindsay, and E.D. Nicol What is the role of accreditation in the era of competency-based specialist training - a perspective from the United Kingdom Int J Cardiol 160 2012 79 81
255. S.M. Bierig, D. Ehler, M.L. Knoll, and A.D. Waggoner American Society of E. American Society of Echocardiography minimum standards for the cardiac sonographer: a position paper J Am Soc Echocardiogr 19 2006 471 474
256. S.T. Reeves, A.C. Finley, N.J. Skubas, M. Swaminathan, W.S. Whitley, and K.E. Glas et al. Basic perioperative transesophageal echocardiography examination: a consensus statement of the american society of echocardiography and the society of cardiovascular anesthesiologists J Am Soc Echocardiogr 26 2013 443 456
257. C. CL, D. IKG, and B. H Bridging the gap: training critical care clinician-echocardiographers through a collaborative curriculum JICS 11 2010 13 16
258. K.E. Glas Training in perioperative echocardiography Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 19 2006 640 644 (Pubitemid 44724875)
259. C.B. Chisholm, W.R. Dodge, R.R. Balise, S.R. Williams, L. Gharahbaghian, and A.S. Beraud Focused cardiac ultrasound training: how much is enough? J Emerg Med 44 2013 818 822
260. K.A. Fox Position statement: echocardiography in the critically ill J Intensive Care Soc 9 2008 197 198
261. J. Poelaert, and P. Mayo Education and evaluation of knowledge and skills in echocardiography: how should we organize? Intensive Care Med 33 2007 1684 1686 (Pubitemid 47476668)
262. M.D. Cerqueira, J.A. Arrighi, and E.A. Geiser Physician certification in cardiovascular imaging: rationale, process, and benefits JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 1 2008 801 808
263. K.F. Fox, B.A. Popescu, S. Janiszewski, P. Nihoyannopoulos, A.G. Fraser, and F.J. Pinto et al. Report on the European Association of Echocardiography accreditations in echocardiography: December 2003-September 2006 Eur J Echocardiogr 8 2007 74 79 (Pubitemid 46126695)
264. W.W. Lai, T. Geva, G.S. Shirali, P.C. Frommelt, R.A. Humes, and M.M. Brook et al. Guidelines and standards for performance of a pediatric echocardiogram: a report from the Task Force of the Pediatric Council of the American Society of Echocardiography J Am Soc Echocardiogr 19 2006 1413 1430 (Pubitemid 44816413)
265. M.E. Kleinman, A.R. de Caen, L. Chameides, D.L. Atkins, R.A. Berg, and M.D. Berg et al. Part 10: Pediatric basic and advanced life support: 2010 International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science with treatment recommendations Circulation 122 2010 S466 S515
266. D. Milner, J.D. Losek, J. Schiff, and R. Sicoli Pediatric pericardial tamponade presenting as altered mental status Pediatr Emerg Care 19 2003 35 37 (Pubitemid 36245784)
267. H.V. Steiger, K. Rimbach, E. Muller, and R. Breitkreutz Focused emergency echocardiography: lifesaving tool for a 14-year-old girl suffering out-of-hospital pulseless electrical activity arrest because of cardiac tamponade Eur J Emerg Med 16 2009 103 105
268. J. Pershad, and T. Chin Early detection of cardiac disease masquerading as acute bronchospasm: The role of bedside limited echocardiography by the emergency physician Pediatr Emerg Care 19 2003 E1 E3
269. R.M. Bramante, A. Cirilli, and C.C. Raio Point-of-care sonography in the emergency department diagnosis of acute H1N1 influenza myocarditis J Ultrasound Med 29 2010 1361 1364
270. A. Sivitz, and A. Nagdev Heart failure secondary to dilated cardiomyopathy: a role for emergency physician bedside ultrasonography Pediatr Emerg Care 28 2012 163 166
271. A.B. Cheng, D.A. Levine, J.W. Tsung, and C.K. Phoon Emergency physician diagnosis of pediatric infective endocarditis by point-of-care echocardiography Am J Emerg Med 30 386 2012 e1 e3
272. J.W. Tsung, and M. Blaivas Feasibility of correlating the pulse check with focused point-of-care echocardiography during pediatric cardiac arrest: a case series Resuscitation 77 2008 264 269
273. M. Longjohn, J. Wan, V. Joshi, and J. Pershad Point-of-care echocardiography by pediatric emergency physicians Pediatr Emerg Care 27 2011 693 696
274. L. Chen, Y. Kim, and K.A. Santucci Use of ultrasound measurement of the inferior vena cava diameter as an objective tool in the assessment of children with clinical dehydration Acad Emerg Med 14 2007 841 845 (Pubitemid 47418668)
275. B.M. Reeves, J. Kado, and M. Brook High prevalence of rheumatic heart disease in Fiji detected by echocardiography screening J Paediatr Child Health 47 2011 473 478
276. H. Lee, N. Silverman, and S.R. Hintz Diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus by a neonatologist with a compact, portable ultrasound machine J Perinatol 27 2007 291 296 (Pubitemid 46647906)
277. A. El-Khuffash, C. Herbozo, A. Jain, A. Lapointe, and P.J. McNamara Targeted neonatal echocardiography (TnECHO) service in a Canadian neonatal intensive care unit: a 4-year experience J Perinatol 33 2013 687 690
278. A. Jain, M. Sahni, A. El-Khuffash, E. Khadawardi, A. Sehgal, and P.J. McNamara Use of targeted neonatal echocardiography to prevent postoperative cardiorespiratory instability after patent ductus arteriosus ligation J Pediatr 160 2012 584 589.e1
279. A.F. El-Khuffash, and P.J. McNamara Neonatologist-performed functional echocardiography in the neonatal intensive care unit Semin Fetal Neonatal Med 16 2011 50 60
280. L. Mertens, I. Seri, J. Marek, R. Arlettaz, P. Barker, and P. McNamara et al. Targeted neonatal echocardiography in the neonatal intensive care unit: practice guidelines and recommendations for training Eur J Echocardiogr 12 2011 715 736
281. C.A. Otto, R. Shemenski, and L. Drudi Real-time tele-echocardiography: diagnosis and management of a pericardial effusion secondary to pericarditis at an Antarctic research station Telemed J E Health 18 2012 521 524
282. A. Liteplo, V. Noble, and B. Attwood Real-time video transmission of ultrasound images to an iPhone Crit Ultrasound J 1 2010 105 110
283. D.P. Bahner, E.J. Adkins, D. Hughes, M. Barrie, C.T. Boulger, and N.A. Royall Integrated medical school ultrasound: development of an ultrasound vertical curriculum Crit Ultrasound J 5 2013 6
284. N. Mansencal, A. Vieillard-Baron, A. Beauchet, J.C. Farcot, M. El Hajjam, and G. Dufaitre et al. Triage patients with suspected pulmonary embolism in the emergency department using a portable ultrasound device Echocardiography 25 2008 451 456 (Pubitemid 351623848)
285. G. Volpicelli, A. Lamorte, M. Tullio, L. Cardinale, M. Giraudo, and V. Stefanone et al. Point-of-care multiorgan ultrasonography for the evaluation of undifferentiated hypotension in the emergency department Intensive Care Med 39 2013 1290 1298
286. K.L. Anderson, K.Y. Jenq, J.M. Fields, N.L. Panebianco, and A.J. Dean Diagnosing heart failure among acutely dyspneic patients with cardiac, inferior vena cava, and lung ultrasonography Am J Emerg Med 31 2013 1208 1214
287. K. Kajimoto, K. Madeen, T. Nakayama, H. Tsudo, T. Kuroda, and T. Abe Rapid evaluation by lung-cardiac-inferior vena cava (LCI) integrated ultrasound for differentiating heart failure from pulmonary disease as the cause of acute dyspnea in the emergency setting Cardiovasc Ultrasound 10 2012 49
288. C.B. Laursen, E. Sloth, J. Lambrechtsen, A.T. Lassen, P.H. Madsen, and D.P. Henriksen et al. Focused sonography of the heart, lungs and deep veins identifies missed life-threatening conditions in acute admitted patients with respiratory symptoms Chest 2013
289. D. Mantuani, and A. Nagdev Three-view bedside ultrasound to differentiate acute decompensated heart failure from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease Am J Emerg Med 31 2013 759.e3 759.e5
290. S. Mongodi, G. Via, B. Bouhemad, E. Storti, F. Mojoli, and A. Braschi Usefulness of combined bedside lung ultrasound and echocardiography to assess weaning failure from mechanical ventilation: a suggestive case* Crit Care Med 41 2013 e182 e185
291. T.V. Mai, D.T. Ahn, C.T. Phillips, D.L. Agan, and B.J. Kimura Feasibility of remote real-time guidance of a cardiac examination performed by novices using a pocket-sized ultrasound device Emerg Med Int 2013 2013 627230
292. Y. Bravo Vergel, S. Palmer, C. Asseburg, E. Fenwick, M. de Belder, and K. Abrams et al. Is primary angioplasty cost effective in the UK? Results of a comprehensive decision analysis Heart 93 2007 1238 1243 (Pubitemid 47492912)
293. K.G. Shojania, M. Sampson, M.T. Ansari, J. Ji, S. Doucette, and D. Moher How quickly do systematic reviews go out of date? A survival analysis Ann Intern Med 147 2007 224 233 (Pubitemid 351664578)