Paramedic application of ultrasound in the management of patients in the prehospital setting: A review of the literature

Emergency Medicine Journal

Volumn 27, Issue 9, 2010, Pages 702-707

  Brooke, Mike ^a   Walton, Julie ^b   Scutt, Diane ^b  

^a North West Ambulance Service NHS Trust   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LIVERPOOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; COMPETENCE; DATA ANALYSIS; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; ECHOGRAPHY; EMERGENCY CARE; HUMAN; IMAGE QUALITY; JOB PERFORMANCE; PARAMEDICAL PERSONNEL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STAFF TRAINING;

ALLIED HEALTH PERSONNEL; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES; GREAT BRITAIN; HUMANS; ULTRASONOGRAPHY;

EID: 77956213368     PISSN: 14720205     EISSN: 14720213     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1136/emj.2010.094219     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Royal College of Surgeons of England. Commission on the provision of surgical services. Report of the working party on the management of patients with major injuries. London, UK: Royal College of Surgeons of England, 1988.
2. The British Orthopaedic Association. The management of trauma in Great Britain. London: The British Orthopaedic Association, 1989.
3. The Royal College of Surgeons of England and the British Orthopaedic Association. Better care for the severely injured. London: RCSENG - Professional Standards and Regulation, 2000.
4. The Department of Health. High quality care for all. NHS next stage review; final report. 2008. http://www.dh.gov.uk/prod-consum-dh/groups/dh- digitalassets/@dh/@en/documents/digitalasset/dh-085828.pdf (accessed Mar 2010).
5. Department of Health. Keeping the NHS local - a new direction of travel. 2003. http://www.dh.gov.uk/assetRoot/04/08/59/47/04085947.pdf (accessed Nov 2009).
6. The Intercollegiate Group on Trauma Standards. Regional trauma systems. Interim guidance for commissioners. 2009. http://www.rcseng.ac.uk/news/docs/ Regional-trauma-systems.pdf (accessed Mar 2010).
7. National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death. Trauma: who cares? 2007. http://www.ncepod.org.uk/2007report2/Downloads/SIP-report.pdf (accessed Mar 2010).
8. The National Audit Office. Major trauma care in England. 2010. http://bit.ly/ cFdGEG (accessed Mar 2010).
9. Mungall I. Trend towards centralisation of hospital services, and its effect on access to care for rural and remote communities in the UK. Rural and Remote Health (online). 2005. http://www.rrh.org.au (accessed Feb 2010).
10. Rowan KR, Kirkpatrick AW, Liu D, et al. Traumatic pneumothorax detection with thoracic US: Correlation with chest radiography and CT - initial experience1. Radiology 2002;225:210-14.
11. Weiss H, Weiss A, eds. Ultrasound atlas: real-time ultrasound imaging in internal medicine. Weinheim: VCH, 1985.
12. Heegaard W, Plummer D, Dries D, et al. Ultrasound for the air medical clinician. Air Med J 2004;23:20-3.
13. Blaivas M, Sierzenski P, Theodoro D. Significant hemoperitoneum in blunt trauma victims with normal vital signs and clinical examination. Am J Emerg Med 2002;20:218-21.
14. Walcher F, Weinlich M, Conrad G, et al. Prehospital ultrasound imaging improves management of abdominal trauma. Br J Surg 2006;93:238-42.
15. Price DD, Wilson SR, Murphy TG. Trauma ultrasound feasibility during helicopter transport, Air Med J 2000;19:144-6.
16. Lyon M, Walton P, Bloch A, et al. 321: Out-of-hospital critical care providers' retention of ultrasound skills for diagnosis of pneumothoraces: a nine-month followup. Ann Emerg Med 2009;54:S100-1.
17. Hek G, Langton H. Systematically searching and reviewing literature. Nurse Researcher 2000;7:40.
18. Oxman AD, Guyatt GH. The science of reviewing research. Ann NY Acad Sci 1993;703:125-34.
19. Public Health Resource Unit. Critical appraisal skills programme. 2007. http:// www.phru.nhs.uk/pages/PHD/CASP.htm (accessed Mar 2010).
20. Heegaard W, Nelson BP, Hildebrandt D, et al. Paramedic prehospital ultrasound training evaluation. Acad Emerg Med 2008;15:s46.
21. Brooks A, Davies B, Smethhurst M, et al. Prospective evaluation of non-radiologist performed emergency abdominal ultrasound for haemoperitoneum. Emerg Med J 2004;21:580-1.
22. Buzzas GR, Kern SJ, Smith RS, et al. A comparison of sonographic examinations for trauma performed by surgeons and radiologists. J Trauma 1998;44:604-8.
23. Shackford SR, Rogers FB, Osler TM, et al. Focused abdominal sonogram for trauma: the learning curve of nonradiologist clinicians in detecting hemoperitoneum. J Trauma 1999;46:553-62.
24. Jang T, Aubin C, Naunheim R. Minimum training for right upper quadrant ultrasonography. Am J Emerg Med 2004;22:439-43.
25. Mandavia D, Bistrain J, Chan L, et al. Focused abdominal sonography for trauma: evaluation of a half-day curriculum. Ann Emerg Med 1999;34:S106.
26. Noble VE, Lamhaut L, Capp R, et al. Evaluation of a thoracic ultrasound training module for the detection of pneumothorax and pulmonary edema by prehospital physician care providers. BMC Med Educ 2009;9:3.
27. Robinson N. The focused trauma ultrasound examination. can, and should, accident and emergency physicians in the UK acquire this skill? J Accid Emerg Med 2000;17:330-3.
28. NEMUS. The Northern Emergency Medicine Ultrasound Group. 2007. http://www. nemus.org.uk/ (accessed Nov 2009).
29. The Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education. The Framework for Higher Education Qualifications in England, Wales and Northern Ireland (FHEQ). 2008. http:// www.qaa.ac.uk/academicinfrastructure/FHEQ/EWNI08/FHEQ08.pdf (accessed Feb 2010).
30. Department of Health. Skills for health career framework. 2009. http://www. skillsforhealth.org.uk/workforce-design-development/workforce- design-and-planning/ tools-and-methodologies/~/media/Resource-Library/PDF/ Career-framework-key-elements.ashx (accessed Nov 2009).
31. Ruesseler M, Kirschning T, Breitkreutz R, et al. Prehospital and emergency department ultrasound in blunt abdominal trauma. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2009;35:341.
32. College of Emergency Medicine. Certificate in focused emergency ultrasound. 2008. http://www.collemergencymed.ac.uk/CEM/ Training%20and%20Examinations/ Training/Ultrasound%20training/default.asp (accessed May 2010).
33. Olsen WR, Hildreth DH. Abdominal paracentesis and peritoneal lavage in blunt abdominal trauma. J Trauma 1971;11:824-9.
34. Schurink GWH, Bode PJ, van Luijt PA, et al. The value of physical examination in the diagnosis of patients with blunt abdominal trauma: a retrospective study. Injury 1997;28:261-5.
35. Mazur SM, Pearce A, Alfred S, et al. The F.A.S.T.E.R. trial. Focused assessment by sonography in trauma during emergency retrieval: a feasibility study. Injury 2008;39:512-18.
36. Clarke JR, Trooskin SZ, Doshi PJ, et al. Time to laparotomy for intra-abdominal bleeding from trauma does affect survival for delays up to 90 minutes. J Trauma 2002;52:420-5.
37. Polk JD, Fallon WF Jr. The use of focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) by a prehospital air medical team in the trauma arrest patient. Prehosp Emerg Care 2000;4:82-4.
38. Lapostolle F, Petrovic T, Lenoir G, et al. Usefulness of hand-held ultrasound devices in out-of-hospital diagnosis performed by emergency physicians. Am J Emerg Med 2006;24:237-42.
39. McNeil C, McManus J, Mehta S. The accuracy of portable ultrasonography to diagnose fractures in an austere environment. Prehosp Emerg Care 2009;13:50-2.
40. Forster R, Pillasch J, Zielke A, et al. Ultrasonography in blunt abdominal trauma: influence of the investigators experience. J Trauma 1993;34:264-9.
41. Bierig SM, Jones A. Accuracy and cost comparison of ultrasound versus alternative imaging modalities, including CT, MR, PET, and angiography. J Diagn Med Sonogr 2009;25:138-44.
42. Smith J. Focused assessment with sonography in trauma (FAST): should its role be reconsidered. Postgrad Med J 2010;86:285-91.
43. Rodgerson JD, Heegaard WG, Plummer D, et al. Emergency department right upper quadrant ultrasound is associated with a reduced time to diagnosis and treatment of ruptured ectopic pregnancies. Acad Emerg Med 2001;8:331-6.
44. Kirkpatrick AW, Breeck K, Wong J, et al. The potential of handheld trauma sonography in the air medical transport of the trauma victim. Air Med J 2005;24:34-9.
45. Byhahn C, Bingold TM, Zwissler B, et al. Prehospital ultrasound detects pericardial tamponade in a pregnant victim of stabbing assault. Resuscitation 2008;76:146-8.
46. Plummer D, Heegaard W, Dries D, et al. Ultrasound in HEMS: its role in differentiating shock states. Air Med J 2003;22:33-6.
47. Roberts J, McManus J, Harrison B. Use of ultrasonography to avoid an unnecessary procedure in the prehospital combat environment: a case approach. Prehosp Emerg Care 2006;10:502-6.
48. Sarkisian AE, Khondkarian RA, Amirbekian NM, et al. Sonographic screening of mass casualties for abdominal and renal injuries following the 1988 armenian earthquake. J Trauma 1991;31:247-50.
49. Heegaard W, Reardon R, Spear D, et al. Prehospital ultrasound. In: Ma JO, Mateer JR, Blaivas M, eds. Emergency ultrasound. 2nd edn. New York: McGraw Hill, 2008: 65-76.
50. Salen P, Melniker L, Chooljian C, et al. Does the presence or absence of sonographically identified cardiac activity predict resuscitation outcomes of cardiac arrest patients? Am J Emerg Med 2005;23:459-62.