메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2011, Pages 1-203

Political survival of small parties in Europe

(1)  Spoon, Jae Jae a  

a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84902070117     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: None     Document Type: Book
Times cited : (103)

References (291)
  • 1
    • 33744723521 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are niche parties fundamentally different from mainstream parties? The causes and the electoral consequences of western European parties' policy shifts, 1976-1998
    • Adams, James, Michael Clark, Lawrence Ezrow, and Garrett Glasgow. 2006. "Are Niche Parties Fundamentally Different from Mainstream Parties? The Causes and the Electoral Consequences of Western European Parties' Policy Shifts, 1976-1998." American Journal of Political Science 50.3: 513-29.
    • (2006) American Journal of Political Science , vol.50 , Issue.3 , pp. 513-529
    • Adams, J.1    Clark, M.2    Ezrow, L.3    Glasgow, G.4
  • 2
    • 33750217483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why small, centrist third parties motivate policy divergence by major parties
    • Adams, James, and Samuel Merrill. 2006. "Why Small, Centrist Third Parties Motivate Policy Divergence by Major Parties." American Political Science Review 100.3: 403-17.
    • (2006) American Political Science Review , vol.100 , Issue.3 , pp. 403-417
    • Adams, J.1    Merrill, S.2
  • 4
    • 84926271541 scopus 로고
    • A Downsian spatial model with party activism
    • Aldrich, John H. 1983. "A Downsian Spatial Model with Party Activism." American Political Science Review 77.4: 974-90.
    • (1983) American Political Science Review , vol.77 , Issue.4 , pp. 974-990
    • Aldrich, J.H.1
  • 6
    • 0034424121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new approach for modelling strategic voting in multiparty elections
    • Alvarez, R. Michael, and Jonathan Nagler. 2000. "A New Approach for Modelling Strategic Voting in Multiparty Elections." British Journal of Political Science 30.1: 57-75.
    • (2000) British Journal of Political Science , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-75
    • Alvarez, R.M.1    Nagler, J.2
  • 7
    • 0031287965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electoral institutions, cleavage structures, and the number of parties
    • Amorim Neto, Octavio, and Gary W. Cox. 1997. "Electoral Institutions, Cleavage Structures, and the Number of Parties." American Journal of Political Science 41.1: 149-74.
    • (1997) American Journal of Political Science , vol.41 , Issue.1 , pp. 149-174
    • Amorim Neto, O.1    Cox, G.W.2
  • 9
    • 77956452354 scopus 로고
    • The suppléant system for the French national assembly
    • Andrews, William. 1962. "The Suppléant System for the French National Assembly." Parliamentary Affairs 16.3: 274-78.
    • (1962) Parliamentary Affairs , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 274-278
    • Andrews, W.1
  • 10
    • 84902056189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dion gets no lift from raising glass with greens
    • 15 October
    • Argell, Siri. 2008. "Dion Gets No Lift from Raising Glass with Greens." Toronto Globe and Mail, 15 October, A1.
    • (2008) Toronto Globe and Mail
    • Argell, S.1
  • 11
    • 84902058347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cinq motions en concurrence
    • 16 October, Politique
    • Auffray, Alain. 2004. "Cinq Motions en Concurrence." Libération. 16 October, Politique 12.
    • (2004) Libération , pp. 12
    • Auffray, A.1
  • 12
    • 84902058349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 28 April. Accessed 15 August 2006
    • BBC News Online. 2006. "Hypocrisy Claim over Cameron Bike." 28 April. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk-news/politics/4953922.stm. Accessed 15 August 2006.
    • (2006) Hypocrisy Claim over Cameron Bike
  • 13
    • 84902058337 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 11 May. Accessed 12 November 2007
    • BBC News Online. 2007. "Greens Pull Out of City Coalition." 11 May. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk-news/england/west-yorkshire/6646159.stm. Accessed 12 November 2007.
    • (2007) Greens Pull Out of City Coalition
  • 14
    • 84902058329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping policy preferences with uncertainty: Measuring and correcting error in comparative manifesto project estimates
    • Paper presented, Chicago, 12-15 April
    • Benoit, Kenneth, Michael Laver, and Slava Mikhaylov. 2007. "Mapping Policy Preferences with Uncertainty: Measuring and Correcting Error in Comparative Manifesto Project Estimates." Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association, Chicago, 12-15 April.
    • (2007) The Annual Meeting of the Midwest Political Science Association
    • Benoit, K.1    Laver, M.2    Mikhaylov, S.3
  • 15
    • 63749095089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treating words as data with error: Uncertainty in text statements of policy positions
    • Benoit, Kenneth, Michael Laver, and Slava Mikhaylov. 2009. "Treating Words as Data with Error: Uncertainty in Text Statements of Policy Positions." American Journal of Political Science 52.2: 495-513.
    • (2009) American Journal of Political Science , vol.52 , Issue.2 , pp. 495-513
    • Benoit, K.1    Laver, M.2    Mikhaylov, S.3
  • 16
    • 84869701755 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spoiler or builder? The effect of Ralph Nader's 2000 campaign on the U.S. Greens
    • 4th ed. ed. John C. Green and Rick Farmer. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield
    • Berg, John C. 2003. "Spoiler or Builder? The Effect of Ralph Nader's 2000 Campaign on the U.S. Greens." In The State of the Parties: The Changing Role of Contemporary American Parties, 4th ed., ed. John C. Green and Rick Farmer. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.
    • (2003) The State of the Parties: The Changing Role of Contemporary American Parties
    • Berg, J.C.1
  • 17
    • 84902058330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Greens in the USA
    • ed. E. Gene Frankland, Paul Lucardie, and BenoÎt Rihoux. Farnham: Ashgate
    • Berg, John C. 2009. "Greens in the USA." In Green Parties in Transition: The End of Grass-Roots Democracy? ed. E. Gene Frankland, Paul Lucardie, and BenoÎt Rihoux. Farnham: Ashgate.
    • (2009) Green Parties in Transition: The End of Grass-Roots Democracy?
    • Berg, J.C.1
  • 18
    • 12944252808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single-member district electoral systems and democratic transition
    • Birch, Sarah. 2005. "Single-Member District Electoral Systems and Democratic Transition." Electoral Studies 24.2: 281-301.
    • (2005) Electoral Studies , vol.24 , Issue.2 , pp. 281-301
    • Birch, S.1
  • 19
    • 58149107361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real progress: Prospects for green party support in Britain
    • Birch, Sarah. 2009. "Real Progress: Prospects for Green Party Support in Britain." Parliamentary Affairs 62.1: 53-71.
    • (2009) Parliamentary Affairs , vol.62 , Issue.1 , pp. 53-71
    • Birch, S.1
  • 20
    • 33846536232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Making candidates count: The logic of electoral alliances in two-round legislative elections
    • Blais, André, and Indridi Indridason. 2007. "Making Candidates Count: The Logic of Electoral Alliances in Two-Round Legislative Elections." Journal of Politics 69.1: 193-205.
    • (2007) Journal of Politics , vol.69 , Issue.1 , pp. 193-205
    • Blais, A.1    Indridason, I.2
  • 21
    • 0034990450 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring strategic voting in multiparty plurality elections
    • Blais, André, Richard Nadeau, Elisabeth Gidengil, and Neil Nevitte. 2001. "Measuring Strategic Voting in Multiparty Plurality Elections." Electoral Studies 20.3: 343-52.
    • (2001) Electoral Studies , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 343-352
    • Blais, A.1    Nadeau, R.2    Gidengil, E.3    Nevitte, N.4
  • 22
    • 85053486241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managing strategic positioning choices: A reappraisal of the development paths of the French and German green parties
    • Blühdorn, Ingolfur, and Joseph Szarka. 2004. "Managing Strategic Positioning Choices: A Reappraisal of the Development Paths of the French and German Green Parties." Journal of Contemporary European Studies 12.3: 303-19.
    • (2004) Journal of Contemporary European Studies , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 303-319
    • Blühdorn, I.1    Szarka, J.2
  • 24
    • 0036320673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Europeanization of green parties: Exploring the EU's impact
    • Bomberg, Elizabeth. 2002. "The Europeanization of Green Parties: Exploring the EU's Impact." West European Politics 25.3: 29-50.
    • (2002) West European Politics , vol.25 , Issue.3 , pp. 29-50
    • Bomberg, E.1
  • 26
    • 0009892615 scopus 로고
    • The study of election campaigning
    • ed. Shaun Bowler and David Farrell. Basingstoke: MacMillan
    • Bowler, Shaun, and David M. Farrell. 1992. "The Study of Election Campaigning." In Electoral Strategies and Political Marketing, ed. Shaun Bowler and David Farrell. Basingstoke: MacMillan.
    • (1992) Electoral Strategies and Political Marketing
    • Bowler, S.1    Farrell, D.M.2
  • 27
    • 84911108486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • France
    • ed. Ferdinand Müller-Rommel and Thomas Poguntke. Portland, OR: Cass
    • Boy, Daniel. 2002. "France." In Green Parties in National Governments, ed. Ferdinand Müller-Rommel and Thomas Poguntke. Portland, OR: Cass.
    • (2002) Green Parties in National Governments
    • Boy, D.1
  • 29
    • 84972348932 scopus 로고
    • A new spatial theory of party competition: Uncertainty, ideology, and party Equilibria viewed comparatively and temporally
    • Budge, Ian. 1994. "A New Spatial Theory of Party Competition: Uncertainty, Ideology, and Party Equilibria Viewed Comparatively and Temporally." British Journal of Political Science 24.4: 443-67.
    • (1994) British Journal of Political Science , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 443-467
    • Budge, I.1
  • 30
    • 84937321654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Here come the greens (again): The green party in Britain during the 1990s
    • Burchell, Jon. 2000. "Here Come the Greens (Again): The Green Party in Britain during the 1990s." Environmental Politics 9.3: 145-50.
    • (2000) Environmental Politics , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 145-150
    • Burchell, J.1
  • 33
    • 7244221325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Research note: The influence of the press in shaping public opinion towards the European union in Britain
    • Carey, Sean, and Jonathan Burton. 2004. "Research Note: The Influence of the Press in Shaping Public Opinion towards the European Union in Britain." Political Studies. 52.3: 623-40.
    • (2004) Political Studies , vol.52 , Issue.3 , pp. 623-640
    • Carey, S.1    Burton, J.2
  • 34
    • 16244399527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Explaining vote switching across first and second order elections: Evidence from Europe
    • Carrubba, Cliff, and Richard J. Timpone. 2005. "Explaining Vote Switching Across First and Second Order Elections: Evidence from Europe." Comparative Political Studies 38.3: 260-81.
    • (2005) Comparative Political Studies , vol.38 , Issue.3 , pp. 260-281
    • Carrubba, C.1    Timpone, R.J.2
  • 35
    • 33747605631 scopus 로고
    • Whatever happened to the environment? The British general election of 1992
    • Carter, Neil. 1992. "Whatever Happened to the Environment? The British General Election of 1992." Environmental Politics 1.3: 442-48.
    • (1992) Environmental Politics , vol.1 , Issue.3 , pp. 442-448
    • Carter, N.1
  • 36
    • 0031413590 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 1997 British general election
    • Carter, Neil. 1997. "The 1997 British General Election." Environmental Politics 6.3: 156-61.
    • (1997) Environmental Politics , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 156-161
    • Carter, N.1
  • 37
    • 33749569222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Party politicization of the environment in Britain
    • Carter, Neil. 2006. "Party Politicization of the Environment in Britain." Party Politics 12.6: 747-67.
    • (2006) Party Politics , vol.12 , Issue.6 , pp. 747-767
    • Carter, N.1
  • 38
    • 57749132039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The green party: Emerging from the political wilderness?
    • Carter, Neil. 2008. "The Green Party: Emerging from the Political Wilderness?" British Politics 3.2: 223-40.
    • (2008) British Politics , vol.3 , Issue.2 , pp. 223-240
    • Carter, N.1
  • 39
    • 33646416783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The environment and the greens in the 2005 elections in Britain
    • Carter, Neil, and Christopher Rootes. 2006. "The Environment and the Greens in the 2005 Elections in Britain." Environmental Politics 15.3: 473-78.
    • (2006) Environmental Politics , vol.15 , Issue.3 , pp. 473-478
    • Carter, N.1    Rootes, C.2
  • 40
    • 84980247050 scopus 로고
    • Left-right political scales: Some expert judgments
    • Castles, Francis G., and Peter Mair. 1984. "Left-Right Political Scales: Some Expert Judgments." European Journal of Political Research 12.1: 73-88.
    • (1984) European Journal of Political Research , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 73-88
    • Castles, F.G.1    Mair, P.2
  • 42
    • 0032220645 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Party aggregation and the number of parties in India and the United States
    • Chhibber, Pradeep K., and Ken Kollman. 1998. "Party Aggregation and the Number of Parties in India and the United States." American Political Science Review 92.2: 329-42.
    • (1998) American Political Science Review , vol.92 , Issue.2 , pp. 329-342
    • Chhibber, P.K.1    Kollman, K.2
  • 44
    • 85050786418 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The continued relevance of local parties in representative democracies
    • Clark, Alistair. 2004. "The Continued Relevance of Local Parties in Representative Democracies." Politics 24.1: 35-45.
    • (2004) Politics , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 35-45
    • Clark, A.1
  • 45
    • 33644920477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rehabilitating Duverger's theory: Testing the mechanical and strategic modifying effects of electoral laws
    • Clark, William Roberts, and Matt Golder. 2006. "Rehabilitating Duverger's Theory: Testing the Mechanical and Strategic Modifying Effects of Electoral Laws." Comparative Political Studies 39.6: 679-708.
    • (2006) Comparative Political Studies , vol.39 , Issue.6 , pp. 679-708
    • Clark, W.R.1    Golder, M.2
  • 47
    • 0008783162 scopus 로고
    • Pas comme les autres: The French greens at the crossroads
    • ed. Dick Richardson and Chris Rootes. New York: Routledge
    • Cole, Alistair, and Brian Doherty. 1995. "Pas Comme les Autres: The French Greens at the Crossroads." In The Green Challenge: The Development of Green Parties in Europe, ed. Dick Richardson and Chris Rootes. New York: Routledge.
    • (1995) The Green Challenge: The Development of Green Parties in Europe
    • Cole, A.1    Doherty, B.2
  • 48
    • 84902058848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Les courants des verts préparent la succession de Gilles Lemaire
    • 28 August
    • Cordier, Caroline. 2004. "Les Courants des Verts Préparent la Succession de Gilles Lemaire." Le Monde, 28 August, 7.
    • (2004) Le Monde , pp. 7
    • Cordier, C.1
  • 50
    • 0033474210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electoral rules and electoral coordination
    • Cox, Gary W. 1999. "Electoral Rules and Electoral Coordination." Annual Review of Political Science 2:145-61.
    • (1999) Annual Review of Political Science , vol.2 , pp. 145-161
    • Cox, G.W.1
  • 51
    • 84902053490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elizabeth may discusses senate seat with Dion
    • 3 December
    • Curry, Bill. 2008a. "Elizabeth May Discusses Senate Seat with Dion." Toronto Globe and Mail, 3 December, A4.
    • (2008) Toronto Globe and Mail
    • Curry, B.1
  • 52
    • 84902041354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Harper vows to name 18 new senators
    • 12 December
    • Curry, Bill. 2008b. "Harper Vows to Name 18 New Senators." Toronto Globe and Mail, 12 December, A5.
    • (2008) Toronto Globe and Mail
    • Curry, B.1
  • 53
    • 0002533014 scopus 로고
    • Does it matter what the papers say?
    • ed. Roger Jowell, John Curtice, Anthony F. Heath, and Bridget Taylor. Aldershot: Dartmouth
    • Curtice, John, and Holli A. Semetko. 1994. "Does It Matter What the Papers Say?" In Labour's Last Chance: The 1992 Election and Beyond, ed. Roger Jowell, John Curtice, Anthony F. Heath, and Bridget Taylor. Aldershot: Dartmouth.
    • (1994) Labour's Last Chance: The 1992 Election and beyond
    • Curtice, J.1    Semetko, H.A.2
  • 54
    • 33745847068 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Did local activism really matter? Liberal democrat campaigning and the 2001 British general election
    • Cutts, David, and Nick Shryane. 2006. "Did Local Activism Really Matter? Liberal Democrat Campaigning and the 2001 British General Election." British Journal of Politics and International Relations 8.3: 427-44.
    • (2006) British Journal of Politics and International Relations , vol.8 , Issue.3 , pp. 427-444
    • Cutts, D.1    Shryane, N.2
  • 57
    • 0032220636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partisan cues and the media: Information flows in the 1992 presidential election
    • Dalton, Russell J., Paul A. Beck, and Robert Huckfeldt. 1998. "Partisan Cues and the Media: Information Flows in the 1992 Presidential Election." American Political Science Review 92.1: 111-26.
    • (1998) American Political Science Review , vol.92 , Issue.1 , pp. 111-126
    • Dalton, R.J.1    Beck, P.A.2    Huckfeldt, R.3
  • 61
    • 12144273766 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The 2000 campaign: The green party; democrats hear thunder on left, and try to steal some of Nader's
    • 24 October
    • Dao, James. 2000. "The 2000 Campaign: The Green Party; Democrats Hear Thunder on Left, and Try to Steal Some of Nader's." New York Times, 24 October, A1.
    • (2000) New York Times
    • Dao, J.1
  • 62
    • 0042274108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The liberal democrat campaign
    • ed. Pippa Norris. New York: Oxford University Press
    • Denver, David. 2001. "The Liberal Democrat Campaign." In Britain Votes, ed. Pippa Norris. New York: Oxford University Press.
    • (2001) Britain Votes
    • Denver, D.1
  • 64
    • 0041826824 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Constituency campaigning in britain 1992-2001
    • Denver, David, Gordon Hands, Justin Fisher, and Iain MacAllister. 2003. "Constituency Campaigning in Britain 1992-2001." Party Politics 9.5: 541-59.
    • (2003) Party Politics , vol.9 , Issue.5 , pp. 541-559
    • Denver, D.1    Hands, G.2    Fisher, J.3    Macallister, I.4
  • 65
    • 0006129229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Triumph of targeting? Constituency campaigning in the 1997 election
    • ed. David Denver, Justin Fisher, Philip Cowley, and Charles Pattie. London: Cass
    • Denver, David, Gordon Hands, and Simon Henig. 1998. "Triumph of Targeting? Constituency Campaigning in the 1997 Election." In British Elections and Parties Review, vol. 8, The 1997 General Election, ed. David Denver, Justin Fisher, Philip Cowley, and Charles Pattie. London: Cass.
    • (1998) British Elections and Parties Review, Vol. 8, the 1997 General Election
    • Denver, D.1    Hands, G.2    Henig, S.3
  • 66
    • 0010889630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence and inference in the comparative case study
    • Dion, Douglas. 1998. "Evidence and Inference in the Comparative Case Study." Comparative Politics 30.2: 127-45.
    • (1998) Comparative Politics , vol.30 , Issue.2 , pp. 127-145
    • Dion, D.1
  • 69
    • 29144484662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Media matter: How newspapers and television news cover campaigns and influence voters
    • Druckman, James N. 2005. "Media Matter: How Newspapers and Television News Cover Campaigns and Influence Voters." Political Communication 22.4: 463-81.
    • (2005) Political Communication , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 463-481
    • Druckman, J.N.1
  • 70
    • 0003328395 scopus 로고
    • Case study and theory in political science
    • ed. Fred I. Greenstein and Nelson W. Polsby. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley
    • Eckstein, Harry. 1975. "Case Study and Theory in Political Science." In Strategies of Inquiry: Handbook of Political Science, vol. 7, ed. Fred I. Greenstein and Nelson W. Polsby. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
    • (1975) Strategies of Inquiry: Handbook of Political Science , vol.7
    • Eckstein, H.1
  • 71
    • 84902058007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Je suis bayrou, mais je ne passe pas à droite!': Mouvement démocrate; jean-luc bennahmias, ex-secrétaire géné ral des verts, quitte les ecologistes et rejoint le nouveau parti
    • May, Evenement
    • Ecoiffier, Matthieu. 2007. "'Je Suis Bayrou, mais Je ne Passe pas à Droite!': Mouvement Démocrate; Jean-Luc Bennahmias, Ex-Secrétaire Général des Verts, Quitte les Ecologistes et Rejoint le Nouveau Parti." Libération, 10 May, Evenement 5.
    • (2007) Libération , vol.10 , pp. 5
    • Ecoiffier, M.1
  • 72
    • 38849123677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the inverse relationship between votes and proximity for niche parties
    • Ezrow, Lawrence. 2008. "On the Inverse Relationship between Votes and Proximity for Niche Parties." European Journal of Political Research 47.2 : 206-20.
    • (2008) European Journal of Political Research , vol.47 , Issue.2 , pp. 206-220
    • Ezrow, L.1
  • 76
    • 0032428886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is there hope for the French ecology movement?
    • Faucher, Florence. 1998. "Is There Hope for the French Ecology Movement?" Environmental Politics 7.3: 42-65.
    • (1998) Environmental Politics , vol.7 , Issue.3 , pp. 42-65
    • Faucher, F.1
  • 78
    • 29244483510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Get your act together: Party performance in European parliament election
    • Ferrara, Federico, and J. Timo Weishaupt. 2004. "Get Your Act Together: Party Performance in European Parliament Election." European Union Politics 5.3: 283-306.
    • (2004) European Union Politics , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 283-306
    • Ferrara, F.1    Weishaupt, J.T.2
  • 79
    • 33747610417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can environmentalism and nationalism be reconciled? The plaid Cymru/green party alliance, 1991-95
    • Fowler, Carwyn, and Rhys Jones. 2006. "Can Environmentalism and Nationalism Be Reconciled? The Plaid Cymru/Green Party Alliance, 1991-95." Regional and Federal Studies 16.3: 315-31.
    • (2006) Regional and Federal Studies , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 315-331
    • Fowler, C.1    Jones, R.2
  • 80
    • 0042510762 scopus 로고
    • Does green politics have a future in Britain? An American perspective
    • ed. Wolfgang Rüdig. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press
    • Frankland, E. Gene. 1990. "Does Green Politics Have a Future in Britain? An American Perspective." In Green Politics One, ed. Wolfgang Rüdig. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
    • (1990) Green Politics One
    • Frankland, E.G.1
  • 82
    • 77957187905 scopus 로고
    • How the cases you choose affect the answer you get: Selection bias in comparative politics
    • Geddes, Barbara. 1990. "How the Cases You Choose Affect the Answer You Get: Selection Bias in Comparative Politics." Political Analysis 2.1: 131-50.
    • (1990) Political Analysis , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 131-150
    • Geddes, B.1
  • 83
    • 77958484340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the media matter? A field experiment measuring the effect of newspapers on voting behavior and political opinions
    • New Haven: Yale University
    • Gerber, Alan, Dean Karlan, and Daniel Bergan. 2006. Does the Media Matter? A Field Experiment Measuring the Effect of Newspapers on Voting Behavior and Political Opinions. Yale Economic Applications and Policy Discussion Paper 12. New Haven: Yale University.
    • (2006) Yale Economic Applications and Policy Discussion Paper 12
    • Gerber, A.1    Karlan, D.2    Bergan, D.3
  • 84
    • 84902048009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thatcher's torch extinguished as Cameron's conservatives carve new logo out of oak
    • 9 August
    • Glover, Julian. 2006. "Thatcher's Torch Extinguished as Cameron's Conservatives Carve New Logo Out of Oak." Guardian, 9 August, 6.
    • (2006) Guardian , pp. 6
    • Glover, J.1
  • 86
    • 33644899142 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pre-electoral coalition formation in parliamentary democracies
    • Golder, Sona Nadenichek. 2006b. "Pre-Electoral Coalition Formation in Parliamentary Democracies." British Journal of Political Science 36.2: 193-212.
    • (2006) British Journal of Political Science , vol.36 , Issue.2 , pp. 193-212
    • Golder, S.N.1
  • 87
    • 85055300126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Party organizational change: Competing explanations?
    • ed. Kurt Richard Luther and Ferdinand Müller-Rommel. New York: Oxford University Press
    • Harmel, Robert. 2002. "Party Organizational Change: Competing Explanations?" In Political Parties in the New Europe: Political and Analytical Changes, ed. Kurt Richard Luther and Ferdinand Müller-Rommel. New York: Oxford University Press.
    • (2002) Political Parties in the New Europe: Political and Analytical Changes
    • Harmel, R.1
  • 88
    • 84965456389 scopus 로고
    • An integrated theory of party goals and party change
    • Harmel, Robert, and Kenneth Janda. 1994. "An Integrated Theory of Party Goals and Party Change." Journal of Theoretical Politics 6.3: 259-87.
    • (1994) Journal of Theoretical Politics , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 259-287
    • Harmel, R.1    Janda, K.2
  • 89
    • 84973824834 scopus 로고
    • Formation and success of new parties: A cross-national analysis
    • Harmel, Robert, and John D. Robertson. 1985. "Formation and Success of New Parties: A Cross-National Analysis." International Political Science Review 6.4: 501-23.
    • (1985) International Political Science Review , vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp. 501-523
    • Harmel, R.1    Robertson, J.D.2
  • 91
  • 93
    • 34247098775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Punishment or protest? Understanding European parliament elections
    • Hix, Simon, and Michael Marsh. 2007. "Punishment or Protest? Understanding European Parliament Elections." Journal of Politics 69.2: 495-510.
    • (2007) Journal of Politics , vol.69 , Issue.2 , pp. 495-510
    • Hix, S.1    Marsh, M.2
  • 94
    • 57549088527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A vote against Europe? Explaining defection in the 1999 and 2004 European parliament elections
    • Hobolt, Sara Binzer, Jae-Jae Spoon, and James Tilly. 2009. "A Vote against Europe? Explaining Defection in the 1999 and 2004 European Parliament Elections." British Journal of Political Science 39.1: 93-115.
    • (2009) British Journal of Political Science , vol.39 , Issue.1 , pp. 93-115
    • Hobolt, S.B.1    Spoon, J.-J.2    Tilly, J.3
  • 95
    • 84976041920 scopus 로고
    • Dealing in green votes
    • Holliday, Ian. 1994. "Dealing in Green Votes." Government and Opposition 29.1: 64-79.
    • (1994) Government and Opposition , vol.29 , Issue.1 , pp. 64-79
    • Holliday, I.1
  • 96
    • 84970315639 scopus 로고
    • Expert interpretations of party space and party locations in 42 societies
    • Huber, John, and Ronald Inglehart. 1995. "Expert Interpretations of Party Space and Party Locations in 42 Societies." Party Politics 1.1: 73-111.
    • (1995) Party Politics , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 73-111
    • Huber, J.1    Inglehart, R.2
  • 98
    • 84933490577 scopus 로고
    • The silent counter-revolution: Hypotheses on the emergence of extreme right-wing parties in Europe
    • Ignazi, Piero. 1992. "The Silent Counter-Revolution: Hypotheses on the Emergence of Extreme Right-Wing Parties in Europe." European Journal of Political Research 22.1: 3-34.
    • (1992) European Journal of Political Research , vol.22 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-34
    • Ignazi, P.1
  • 99
    • 84971173723 scopus 로고
    • Public support for environmental protection: Objective problems and subjective values in 43 societies
    • Inglehart, Ronald. 1995. "Public Support for Environmental Protection: Objective Problems and Subjective Values in 43 Societies." PS: Political Science and Politics 28.1: 57-72.
    • (1995) PS: Political Science and Politics , vol.28 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-72
    • Inglehart, R.1
  • 101
    • 84971812123 scopus 로고
    • Political realignment in advanced industrial society: From class-based politics to quality-of-life politics
    • Inglehart, Ronald, and Jacques-René Rabier. 1986. "Political Realignment in Advanced Industrial Society: From Class-Based Politics to Quality-of-Life Politics." Government and Opposition 21.4: 456-79.
    • (1986) Government and Opposition , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 456-479
    • Inglehart, R.1    Rabier, J.-R.2
  • 104
    • 77954238840 scopus 로고
    • Mixing qualitative and quantitative methods: Triangulation in action
    • Jick, Todd D. 1979. "Mixing Qualitative and Quantitative Methods: Triangulation in Action." Administrative Studies Quarterly 24.4: 602-11.
    • (1979) Administrative Studies Quarterly , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 602-611
    • Jick, T.D.1
  • 107
    • 84970385509 scopus 로고
    • Changing models of party organization and party democracy
    • Katz, Richard, and Peter Mair. 1995. "Changing Models of Party Organization and Party Democracy." Party Politics 1.1: 5-28.
    • (1995) Party Politics , vol.1 , Issue.1 , pp. 5-28
    • Katz, R.1    Mair, P.2
  • 109
    • 20744454113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When moderate voters prefer extreme parties: Policy balancing in parliamentary elections
    • Kedar, Orit. 2005. "When Moderate Voters Prefer Extreme Parties: Policy Balancing in Parliamentary Elections." American Political Science Review 99.2: 185-99.
    • (2005) American Political Science Review , vol.99 , Issue.2 , pp. 185-199
    • Kedar, O.1
  • 113
    • 0001808893 scopus 로고
    • The transformation of the western European party systems
    • ed. Joseph LaPalombara and Martin Weiner. Princeton: Princeton University Press
    • Kirchheimer, Otto. 1966. "The Transformation of the Western European Party Systems." In Political Parties and Political Development, ed. Joseph LaPalombara and Martin Weiner. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
    • (1966) Political Parties and Political Development
    • Kirchheimer, O.1
  • 114
    • 84972102803 scopus 로고
    • Left-libertarian parties: Explaining innovation in competitive party systems
    • Kitschelt, Herbert. 1988. "Left-Libertarian Parties: Explaining Innovation in Competitive Party Systems." World Politics 40.2: 194-234.
    • (1988) World Politics , vol.40 , Issue.2 , pp. 194-234
    • Kitschelt, H.1
  • 117
    • 0000355172 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cadre, catch-all, or cartel? A comment on the notion of the cartel party
    • Koole, Ruud. 1996. "Cadre, Catch-all, or Cartel? A Comment on the Notion of the Cartel Party." Party Politics 2.4: 507-23.
    • (1996) Party Politics , vol.2 , Issue.4 , pp. 507-523
    • Koole, R.1
  • 119
    • 84949792766 scopus 로고
    • Effective number of parties: A measure with application to west Europe
    • Laakso, Markku, and Rein Taagepera. 1979. "Effective Number of Parties: A Measure with Application to West Europe." Comparative Political Studies 12.1: 3-27.
    • (1979) Comparative Political Studies , vol.12 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-27
    • Laakso, M.1    Taagepera, R.2
  • 120
    • 20744442840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Policy and the dynamics of political competition
    • Laver, Michael. 2005. "Policy and the Dynamics of Political Competition." American Political Science Review 99.2: 263-81.
    • (2005) American Political Science Review , vol.99 , Issue.2 , pp. 263-281
    • Laver, M.1
  • 121
    • 0034339692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estimating policy positions from political texts
    • Laver, Michael, and John Garry. 2007. "Estimating Policy Positions from Political Texts." American Journal of Political Science 44.3: 619-34.
    • (2007) American Journal of Political Science , vol.44 , Issue.3 , pp. 619-634
    • Laver, M.1    Garry, J.2
  • 130
    • 34248295368 scopus 로고
    • Liberal priorities, the lib-lab pact, and the requirement for policy influence
    • Marsh, Ian. 1990. "Liberal Priorities, the Lib-Lab Pact, and the Requirement for Policy Influence." Parliamentary Affairs 43.3: 292-321.
    • (1990) Parliamentary Affairs , vol.43 , Issue.3 , pp. 292-321
    • Marsh, I.1
  • 131
    • 0032371535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Testing the second-order election model after four European elections
    • Marsh, Michael. 1998. "Testing the Second-Order Election Model after Four European Elections." British Journal of Political Science 28.4: 591-607.
    • (1998) British Journal of Political Science , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 591-607
    • Marsh, M.1
  • 132
    • 84901137761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European parliament elections and loss of governing parties
    • ed. Wouter van der Brug and Cees van der Eijk. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press
    • Marsh, Michael. 2007. "European Parliament Elections and Loss of Governing Parties." In European Elections and Domestic Politics, ed. Wouter van der Brug and Cees van der Eijk. Notre Dame: University of Notre Dame Press.
    • (2007) European Elections and Domestic Politics
    • Marsh, M.1
  • 135
    • 0003992130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • eds. Paris: Presses de la Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques
    • Mayer, Nonna, and Pascal Perrineau, eds. 1996. Le Front National à Découvert. Paris: Presses de la Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques.
    • (1996) Le Front National à Découvert
    • Mayer, N.1    Perrineau, P.2
  • 136
    • 24944456664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competition between unequals: The role of mainstream party strategy in niche party success
    • Meguid, Bonnie M. 2005. "Competition between Unequals: The Role of Mainstream Party Strategy in Niche Party Success." American Political Science Review 99.3: 347-59.
    • (2005) American Political Science Review , vol.99 , Issue.3 , pp. 347-359
    • Meguid, B.M.1
  • 138
    • 0037709798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activism and partisan realignment in the United States
    • Miller, Gary, and Norman Schofield. 2003. "Activism and Partisan Realignment in the United States." American Political Science Review 97.2: 245-60.
    • (2003) American Political Science Review , vol.97 , Issue.2 , pp. 245-260
    • Miller, G.1    Schofield, N.2
  • 139
    • 84971737325 scopus 로고
    • Party identification, realignment, and party voting: Back to the basics
    • Miller, Warren. 1991. "Party Identification, Realignment, and Party Voting: Back to the Basics." American Political Science Review 85.2: 557-68.
    • (1991) American Political Science Review , vol.85 , Issue.2 , pp. 557-568
    • Miller, W.1
  • 141
    • 0141797473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electoral institutions, ethnopolitical cleavages, and party systems in Africa's emerging democracies
    • Mozaffar, Shaheen, James R. Scarritt, and Glen Galaich. 2003. "Electoral Institutions, Ethnopolitical Cleavages, and Party Systems in Africa's Emerging Democracies." American Political Science Review 97.3: 379-90.
    • (2003) American Political Science Review , vol.97 , Issue.3 , pp. 379-390
    • Mozaffar, S.1    Scarritt, J.R.2    Galaich, G.3
  • 143
    • 0035373857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The national press and party voting in the UK
    • Newton, Kenneth, and Malcolm Brynin. 2001. "The National Press and Party Voting in the UK." Political Studies 49.2: 265-85.
    • (2001) Political Studies , vol.49 , Issue.2 , pp. 265-285
    • Newton, K.1    Brynin, M.2
  • 144
    • 84902058320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nicolas hulot renonce à se présenter à l'elysée, après six mois de lobbying Écologique
    • 23 January, Politique
    • "Nicolas Hulot Renonce à Se Présenter à l'Elysée, après Six Mois de Lobbying Écologique." 2007. Le Monde, 23 January, Politique 13.
    • (2007) Le Monde , pp. 13
  • 145
    • 84972482584 scopus 로고
    • Constituency characteristics, individual characteristics, and tactical voting in the 1987 British general election
    • Niemi, Richard G., Guy Whitten, and Mark N. Franklin. 1992. "Constituency Characteristics, Individual Characteristics, and Tactical Voting in the 1987 British General Election." British Journal of Political Science 22.2: 229-40.
    • (1992) British Journal of Political Science , vol.22 , Issue.2 , pp. 229-240
    • Niemi, R.G.1    Whitten, G.2    Franklin, M.N.3
  • 153
    • 0002476389 scopus 로고
    • Ethnic heterogeneity, district magnitude, and the number of parties
    • Ordeshook, Peter, and Olga Shvetsova. 1994. "Ethnic Heterogeneity, District Magnitude, and the Number of Parties." American Journal of Political Science 38.1: 101-23.
    • (1994) American Journal of Political Science , vol.38 , Issue.1 , pp. 101-123
    • Ordeshook, P.1    Shvetsova, O.2
  • 155
    • 84985822207 scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of European party systems: Changing patterns of electoral volatility
    • Pedersen, Mogens N. 1979. "The Dynamics of European Party Systems: Changing Patterns of Electoral Volatility." European Journal of Political Research 7.1: 1-26.
    • (1979) European Journal of Political Research , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-26
    • Pedersen, M.N.1
  • 158
    • 27444446401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The presidentialization of politics in democratic societies: A framework for analysis
    • ed. Thomas Poguntke and Paul Webb. New York: Oxford University Press
    • Poguntke, Thomas, and Paul Webb. 2005. "The Presidentialization of Politics in Democratic Societies: A Framework for Analysis." In The Presidentialization of Politics: A Comparative Study of Modern Democracies, ed. Thomas Poguntke and Paul Webb. New York: Oxford University Press.
    • (2005) The Presidentialization of Politics: A Comparative Study of Modern Democracies
    • Poguntke, T.1    Webb, P.2
  • 163
    • 84902058322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Réfugiés italiens: Que la France honore sa parole
    • 15 September, Courrier
    • "Réfugiés Italiens: Que la France Honore sa Parole." 2004. Libération, 15 September, Courrier 7.
    • (2004) Libération , pp. 7
  • 164
    • 84985817798 scopus 로고
    • Nine second-order national elections: A conceptual framework for the analysis of European election results
    • Reif, Karlheinz, and Hermann Schmitt. 1980. "Nine Second-Order National Elections: A Conceptual Framework for the Analysis of European Election Results." European Journal for Political Research 8.1: 3-44.
    • (1980) European Journal for Political Research , vol.8 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-44
    • Reif, K.1    Schmitt, H.2
  • 165
    • 84902064253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dépasser les verts, nouvel horizon de cohn-bendit; l'elu Européen etait samedi à tours pour tenter de refonder l'ecologie politique
    • 2 July, Politiques
    • Renard, Xavier. 2007. "Dépasser les Verts, Nouvel Horizon de Cohn-Bendit; L'Elu Européen Etait Samedi à Tours pour Tenter de Refonder l'Ecologie Politique." Libération, 2 July, Politiques 9.
    • (2007) Libération , pp. 9
    • Renard, X.1
  • 166
    • 33745449060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emergence and performance of indigenous peoples' parties in south America
    • Rice, Roberta, and Donna Lee Van Cott. 2006. "The Emergence and Performance of Indigenous Peoples' Parties in South America." Comparative Political Studies 39.6: 709-32.
    • (2006) Comparative Political Studies , vol.39 , Issue.6 , pp. 709-732
    • Rice, R.1    Van Cott, D.L.2
  • 167
    • 84974125676 scopus 로고
    • Rethinking duverger's law: An essay on the history of political science
    • Riker, William H. 1982. "Rethinking Duverger's Law: An Essay on the History of Political Science." American Political Science Review 76.4: 753-66.
    • (1982) American Political Science Review , vol.76 , Issue.4 , pp. 753-766
    • Riker, W.H.1
  • 168
    • 0001489073 scopus 로고
    • New party versus old left realignments: Environmental attitudes, party policies, and partisan affiliations in four west European countries
    • Rohrschneider, Robert. 1993. "New Party versus Old Left Realignments: Environmental Attitudes, Party Policies, and Partisan Affiliations in Four West European Countries." Journal of Politics 55.3: 682-701.
    • (1993) Journal of Politics , vol.55 , Issue.3 , pp. 682-701
    • Rohrschneider, R.1
  • 169
  • 173
    • 85008934636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Green party organization in Britain: Change and continuity
    • ed. E. Gene Frankland, Paul Lucardie, and BenoÎt Rihoux. Farnham: Ashgate
    • Rüdig, Wolfgang. 2008. "Green Party Organization in Britain: Change and Continuity." In Green Parties in Transition: The End of Grass-Roots Democracy?, ed. E. Gene Frankland, Paul Lucardie, and BenoÎt Rihoux. Farnham: Ashgate.
    • (2008) Green Parties in Transition: The End of Grass-Roots Democracy?
    • Rüdig, W.1
  • 175
    • 84902054084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Greens turn red over defection
    • 30 October
    • Sanchez, Rene. 1999. "Greens Turn Red over Defection." Washington Post, 30 October, A04.
    • (1999) Washington Post
    • Sanchez, R.1
  • 176
    • 36249010870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The French legislative and presidential elections of 2007
    • Sauger, Nicholas. 2007. "The French Legislative and Presidential Elections of 2007." West European Politics 30.5: 1166-75.
    • (2007) West European Politics , vol.30 , Issue.5 , pp. 1166-1175
    • Sauger, N.1
  • 177
    • 0039289827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parties without members? Party organization in a changing electoral environment
    • ed. Russell J. Dalton and Martin Wattenberg. New York: Oxford University Press
    • Scarrow, Susan. 2000. "Parties without Members? Party Organization in a Changing Electoral Environment." In Parties without Partisans: Political Changes in Advanced Industrial Democracies, ed. Russell J. Dalton and Martin Wattenberg. New York: Oxford University Press.
    • (2000) Parties without Partisans: Political Changes in Advanced Industrial Democracies
    • Scarrow, S.1
  • 178
    • 84902058326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The national front and the legislative elections of 1997
    • ed. Michael S. Lewis-Beck. New York: Seven Bridges
    • Schain, Martin. 2000. "The National Front and the Legislative Elections of 1997." In How France Votes, ed. Michael S. Lewis-Beck. New York: Seven Bridges.
    • (2000) How France Votes
    • Schain, M.1
  • 180
  • 181
    • 0005704069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The stability of the French party system: The enduring impact of the two-ballot electoral rules
    • ed. Michael S. Lewis-Beck. New York: Seven Bridges
    • Schlesinger, Joseph A., and Mildred S. Schlesinger. 2000. "The Stability of the French Party System: The Enduring Impact of the Two-Ballot Electoral Rules." In How France Votes, ed. Michael S. Lewis-Beck. New York: Seven Bridges.
    • (2000) How France Votes
    • Schlesinger, J.A.1    Schlesinger, M.S.2
  • 184
    • 39749193326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socialist party backs woman in French vote
    • 17 November
    • Sciolino, Elaine. 2006. "Socialist Party Backs Woman in French Vote." New York Times, 17 November, A1.
    • (2006) New York Times
    • Sciolino, E.1
  • 185
    • 39749196525 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • French interior minister sails to presidential nomination
    • 15 January
    • Sciolino, Elaine. 2007. "French Interior Minister Sails to Presidential Nomination." New York Times, 15 January, A3.
    • (2007) New York Times
    • Sciolino, E.1
  • 187
    • 84902058315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Canadian greens: Veering away from grass-roots democracy so soon?
    • ed. E. Gene Frankland, Paul Lucardie, and BenoÎt Rihoux. Farnham: Ashgate
    • Sharp, Jacqueline, and Anita Krajnc. 2009. "The Canadian Greens: Veering away from Grass-Roots Democracy So Soon?" In Green Parties in Transition: The End of Grass-Roots Democracy?, ed. E. Gene Frankland, Paul Lucardie, and BenoÎt Rihoux. Farnham: Ashgate.
    • (2009) Green Parties in Transition: The End of Grass-Roots Democracy?
    • Sharp, J.1    Krajnc, A.2
  • 190
    • 85044805046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of new parties: From electoral outsiders to Downsian players-evidence from France
    • Spoon, Jae-Jae. 2007. "Evolution of New Parties: From Electoral Outsiders to Downsian Players-Evidence from France." French Politics 5.2: 121-43.
    • (2007) French Politics , vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp. 121-143
    • Spoon, J.-J.1
  • 191
    • 39749187276 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presidential and legislative elections in France, April-June 2007
    • Spoon, Jae-Jae. 2008. "Presidential and Legislative Elections in France, April-June 2007." Electoral Studies 27.1: 155-60.
    • (2008) Electoral Studies , vol.27 , Issue.1 , pp. 155-160
    • Spoon, J.-J.1
  • 192
    • 70349179761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Holding their own: The persistence of the green parties in France and the UK
    • Spoon, Jae-Jae. 2009. "Holding Their Own: The Persistence of the Green Parties in France and the UK." Party Politics 15.5: 615-34.
    • (2009) Party Politics , vol.15 , Issue.5 , pp. 615-634
    • Spoon, J.-J.1
  • 193
    • 0000857973 scopus 로고
    • A behavioral theory of competitive political parties
    • Strøm, Kaare. 1990. "A Behavioral Theory of Competitive Political Parties." American Journal of Political Science 34.2: 565-98.
    • (1990) American Journal of Political Science , vol.34 , Issue.2 , pp. 565-598
    • Strøm, K.1
  • 194
    • 84902051733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tories stifle green presence in house
    • 15 October
    • Stueck, Wendy. 2008. "Tories Stifle Green Presence in House." Toronto Globe and Mail, 15 October, S2.
    • (2008) Toronto Globe and Mail
    • Stueck, W.1
  • 196
    • 0010708759 scopus 로고
    • Green politics in France: The impasse of non-alignment
    • Szarka, Joseph. 1994. "Green Politics in France: The Impasse of Non-Alignment." Parliamentary Affairs 47.3: 446-55.
    • (1994) Parliamentary Affairs , vol.47 , Issue.3 , pp. 446-455
    • Szarka, J.1
  • 198
    • 84902070823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Insiders shocked by green-grit deal
    • 14 April
    • Taber, Jane. 2007. "Insiders Shocked by Green-Grit Deal." Toronto Globe and Mail, 14 April, A4.
    • (2007) Toronto Globe and Mail
    • Taber, J.1
  • 200
    • 84902067583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Leader question dominates green conference
    • 12 September
    • Tempest, Matthew. 2003. "Leader Question Dominates Green Conference." Guardian, 12 September, 11.
    • (2003) Guardian , pp. 11
    • Tempest, M.1
  • 206
    • 0030472635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What voters teach us about Europe-wide elections: What Europe-wide elections teach us about voters
    • van der Eijk, Cees, Mark N. Franklin, and Michael Marsh. 1996. "What Voters Teach Us about Europe-Wide Elections: What Europe-Wide Elections Teach Us about Voters." Electoral Studies 15.2: 149-66.
    • (1996) Electoral Studies , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 149-166
    • Van Der Eijk, C.1    Franklin, M.N.2    Marsh, M.3
  • 207
    • 84902058317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noël mamère rompt son alliance avec dominique voynet; a six mois de leur congrès, les verts sont toujours à la recherche d'une 'majorité stable
    • 6 July
    • van Eeckhout, Laetitia. 2004. "Noël Mamère Rompt Son Alliance avec Dominique Voynet; A Six Mois de Leur Congrès, les Verts Sont Toujours à la Recherche d'une 'Majorité Stable.'" Le Monde, 6 July, 7.
    • (2004) Le Monde , pp. 7
    • Van Eeckhout, L.1
  • 208
    • 84902058318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Verts: Yves cochet propose de 'dissoudre les verts
    • 14 January
    • "Verts: Yves Cochet Propose de 'Dissoudre les Verts.'" 2005. Le Monde, 14 January.
    • (2005) Le Monde
  • 209
    • 84871122962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The French greens: Changes in activist culture and practices in a constraining environment
    • ed. E. Gene Frankland, Paul Lucardie, and BenoÎt Rihoux. Farnham: Ashgate
    • Villalba, Bruno. 2008. "The French Greens: Changes in Activist Culture and Practices in a Constraining Environment." In Green Parties in Transition: The End of Grass-Roots Democracy?, ed. E. Gene Frankland, Paul Lucardie, and BenoÎt Rihoux. Farnham: Ashgate.
    • (2008) Green Parties in Transition: The End of Grass-Roots Democracy?
    • Villalba, B.1
  • 210
    • 84902058307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • La gauche en mal d'appareils
    • 25 June, Evenement
    • Virot, Pascal. 2007. "La Gauche en Mal d'Appareils." Libération, 25 June, Evenement 3.
    • (2007) Libération , pp. 3
    • Virot, P.1
  • 211
    • 33846813944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strengths and weaknesses of approaches to measuring policy positions of parties
    • Volkens, Andrea. 2007. "Strengths and Weaknesses of Approaches to Measuring Policy Positions of Parties." Electoral Studies 26.1: 108-20.
    • (2007) Electoral Studies , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 108-120
    • Volkens, A.1
  • 212
    • 85015074003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the conditions for public discourse: Four rules for selecting letters to the editor
    • Wahl-Jorgensen, Karin. 2002. "Understanding the Conditions for Public Discourse: Four Rules for Selecting Letters to the Editor." Journalism Studies 3.1: 69-81.
    • (2002) Journalism Studies , vol.3 , Issue.1 , pp. 69-81
    • Wahl-Jorgensen, K.1
  • 213
    • 85016687267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Playground of the pundits or voice of the people? Comparing British and Danish opinion pages
    • Wahl-Jorgensen, Karin. 2004. "Playground of the Pundits or Voice of the People? Comparing British and Danish Opinion Pages." Journalism Studies 5.1: 59-70.
    • (2004) Journalism Studies , vol.5 , Issue.1 , pp. 59-70
    • Wahl-Jorgensen, K.1
  • 215
    • 84972279210 scopus 로고
    • Local party campaigning and electoral Mobilisation in Britain
    • Whitely, Paul, and Patrick Seyd. 1994. "Local Party Campaigning and Electoral Mobilisation in Britain." Journal of Politics 56.1: 242-52.
    • (1994) Journal of Politics , vol.56 , Issue.1 , pp. 242-252
    • Whitely, P.1    Seyd, P.2
  • 217
  • 218
    • 84974191786 scopus 로고
    • Candidate motivation: A synthesis of alternative theories
    • Wittman, Donald A. 1983. "Candidate Motivation: A Synthesis of Alternative Theories." American Political Science Review 77.1: 142-57.
    • (1983) American Political Science Review , vol.77 , Issue.1 , pp. 142-157
    • Wittman, D.A.1
  • 219
    • 84984497141 scopus 로고
    • Political data yearbook: France
    • Ysmal, Colette. 1995. "Political Data Yearbook: France." European Journal of Political Research 28.3-4: 333-9.
    • (1995) European Journal of Political Research , vol.28 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 333-339
    • Ysmal, C.1
  • 220
    • 84902058311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecologie les verts sont dans une crise profonde après leurs mauvais scores à la présidentielle et aux législatives; yves cochet propose, sans succès, aux verts de dissoudre pour se refonder
    • 26 June, Politique
    • Zappi, Sylvia. 2007a. "Ecologie Les Verts Sont dans une Crise Profonde après Leurs Mauvais Scores à la Présidentielle et aux Législatives; Yves Cochet Propose, sans Succès, aux Verts de Dissoudre pour se Refonder." Le Monde, 26 June, Politique 12.
    • (2007) Le Monde , pp. 12
    • Zappi, S.1
  • 221
    • 84902060821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Jean-luc bennahmias: Au centre l'herbe est plus verte
    • 23 May, Focus
    • Zappi, Sylvia. 2007b. "Jean-Luc Bennahmias: Au Centre l'Herbe Est Plus Verte." Le Monde, 23 May, Focus 17.
    • (2007) Le Monde , pp. 17
    • Zappi, S.1
  • 222
    • 84902044750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed 20 May 2009
    • Adam Carr's Election Archive. http://psephos.adam-carr.net. Accessed 20 May 2009.
    • Adam Carr's Election Archive
  • 230
    • 84902056500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed 20 May 2009
    • Center on Democratic Performance. Elections Results Archive. http://cdp.binghamton.edu/era. Accessed 20 May 2009.
    • Elections Results Archive
  • 231
    • 84902058292 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Centre d'Etude de la Vie Politique Française, Centre d'Informatisation des Données Socio-Politiques, and Centre d'Etudes et de Connaissances sur l'Opinion Publique. Grenoble, France: BDSP
    • Centre d'Etude de la Vie Politique Française, Centre d'Informatisation des Données Socio-Politiques, and Centre d'Etudes et de Connaissances sur l'Opinion Publique. 2003. Panel Electoral des Français 2002: Présidentielle et Législatives. Grenoble, France: BDSP.
    • (2003) Panel Electoral des Français 2002: Présidentielle et Législatives
  • 232
    • 84902053874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Centre d'Etude de la Vie Politique Française, Centre d'Informatisation des Données Socio-Politiques, and Centre de Recherches Administratives, Politiques, et Sociales. Ann Arbor, MI: ICPSR
    • Centre d'Etude de la Vie Politique Française, Centre d'Informatisation des Données Socio-Politiques, and Centre de Recherches Administratives, Politiques, et Sociales. 2001. French National Election Study, 1997 (Inter-University Consortium for Political Research version). Ann Arbor, MI: ICPSR.
    • (2001) French National Election Study, 1997 (Inter-University Consortium for Political Research Version)
  • 236
    • 84902058294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Publication générale des comptes des partis et groupements politiques afférents à l'exercice 1995
    • Commission Nationale des Comptes de Campagne et des Financements Politiques, 11-13 November. Annex to no. 262. Paris
    • Commission Nationale des Comptes de Campagne et des Financements Politiques. 1997 Publication Générale des Comptes des Partis et Groupements Politiques Afférents à l'Exercice 1995. Journal Officiel. 11-13 November. Annex to no. 262. p. 39153. Paris.
    • (1997) Journal Officiel , pp. 39153
  • 237
    • 84902058295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Publication générale des comptes des partis et groupements politiques afférents à l'exercice 1996
    • Commission Nationale des Comptes de Campagne et des Financements Politiques, 29 October. Annex to no. 252, Paris
    • Commission Nationale des Comptes de Campagne et des Financements Politiques. 1997. Publication Générale des Comptes des Partis et Groupements Politiques Afférents à l'Exercice 1996. Journal Officiel, 29 October. Annex to no. 252, p. 45153. Paris.
    • (1997) Journal Officiel , pp. 45153
  • 238
    • 84902058296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Publication générale des comptes des partis et groupements politiques afférents à l'exercice 2000
    • Commission Nationale des Comptes de Campagne et des Financements Politiques, 4 April. Annex to no. 79, Paris
    • Commission Nationale des Comptes de Campagne et des Financements Politiques. 2002. Publication Générale des Comptes des Partis et Groupements Politiques Afférents à l'Exercice 2000. Journal Officiel, 4 April. Annex to no. 79, p. 36205. Paris.
    • (2002) Journal Officiel , pp. 36205
  • 239
    • 84902058298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Publication générale des comptes des partis et groupements politiques au titre de l'exercice 2002
    • Commission Nationale des Comptes de Campagne et des Financements Politiques, 18 September. Annex to no. 218, Paris
    • Commission Nationale des Comptes de Campagne et des Financements Politiques. 2004. Publication Générale des Comptes des Partis et Groupements Politiques au Titre de l'Exercice 2002. Journal Officiel, 18 September. Annex to no. 218, pp. 36218-19. Paris.
    • (2004) Journal Officiel , pp. 36218-36219
  • 240
    • 84902058286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Publication générale des comptes des partis et groupements politiques au titre de l'exercice 2003
    • 8 September. Annex to no. 209, Paris. Accessed 16 March 2009
    • Commission Nationale des Comptes de Campagne et des Financements Politiques. 2005 Publication Générale des Comptes des Partis et Groupements Politiques au Titre de l'Exercice 2003. Journal Officiel, 8 September. Annex to no. 209, pp. 36212-13. Paris. http://www.cnccfp.fr/docs/ partis/comptes/cnccfp-comptes-2003.pdf Accessed 16 March 2009.
    • (2005) Journal Officiel , pp. 36212-36213
  • 241
    • 84902058287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Publication générale des comptes des partis et groupements politiques au titre de l'exercice 2004
    • 29 June. Annex to no. 149, Paris. Accessed 16 March 2009
    • Commission Nationale des Comptes de Campagne et des Financements Politiques. 2006. Publication Générale des Comptes des Partis et Groupements Politiques au Titre de l'Exercice 2004. Journal Officiel, 29 June. Annex to no. 149, pp. 36197-98. Paris. http://www.cnccfp.fr/docs/partis/comptes/ cnccfp-comptes-2004.pdf. Accessed 16 March 2009.
    • (2006) Journal Officiel , pp. 36197-36198
  • 242
    • 84902058296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Publication Générale des comptes des partis et groupements politiques au titre de l'exercice 2005
    • 25 January. Annex to no. 21, Paris. Accessed 16 March 2009
    • Commission Nationale des Comptes de Campagne et des Financements Politiques. 2007a. Publication. Générale des Comptes des Partis et Groupements Politiques au Titre de l'Exercice 2005. Journal Officiel, 25 January. Annex to no. 21, pp. 36205-6. Paris. http://www.cnccfp.fr/docs/partis/ comptes/cnccfp-comptes-2005.pdf. Accessed 16 March 2009.
    • (2007) Journal Officiel , pp. 36205-36206
  • 243
    • 84902058290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Publication générale des comptes des partis et groupements politiques au titre de l'exercice 2006
    • 27 December. Annex to no. 300, Paris. Accessed 16 March 2009
    • Commission Nationale des Comptes de Campagne et des Financements Politiques. 2007b. Publication Générale des Comptes des Partis et Groupements Politiques au Titre de l'Exercice 2006. Journal Officiel, 27 December. Annex to no. 300, pp. 36687-88. Paris. http://www.cnccfp.fr/docs/ partis/comptes/cnccfp-comptes-2006.pdf. Accessed 16 March 2009.
    • (2007) Journal Officiel , pp. 36687-36688
  • 244
    • 84902058279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Publication générale des comptes des partis et groupements politiques au titre de l'exercice 2007
    • 17 December. Annex to no. 297, Paris. Accessed 16 March 2009
    • Commission Nationale des Comptes de Campagne et des Financements Politiques. 2008. Publication Générale des Comptes des Partis et Groupements Politiques au Titre de l'Exercice 2007. Journal Officiel, 17 December. Annex to no. 297, pp. 228-29. Paris. http://www.cnccfp.fr/docs/partis/ comptes/cnccfp-comptes-2007.pdf. Accessed 16 March 2009.
    • (2008) Journal Officiel , pp. 228-229
  • 245
    • 84889652268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed 21 May 2009
    • Elections Canada. www.elections.ca. Accessed 21 May 2009.
    • Elections Canada
  • 246
    • 84902041963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed 10 August 2007
    • Election World. www.electionworld.org. Accessed 10 August 2007.
    • Election World
  • 247
    • 84902058280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • July Accessed 19 May 2009
    • European Commission. 1999. Eurobarometer 51 ( July). http://ec.europa.eu/ public-opinion/archives/eb/eb51/eb51-en.pdf. Accessed 19 May 2009.
    • (1999) Eurobarometer , vol.51
  • 248
  • 249
    • 84869396395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European Election Study, Advance Release, 16 April 2010. Accessed 1 May 2010
    • European Election Study. 2009. European Parliament Election Study 2009, Voter Study. Advance Release, 16 April 2010. www.piredeu.eu. Accessed 1 May 2010.
    • (2009) European Parliament Election Study 2009, Voter Study
  • 252
    • 84902052388 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • France. Interior Ministry, Paris: Service d'Information du Gouvernement
    • France. Interior Ministry. 2001. Election Brochure. Paris: Service d'Information du Gouvernement.
    • (2001) Election Brochure
  • 253
    • 84902061493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed 6 July 2007
    • France. Interior Ministry. 2007. "Résultats des Elections Législatives 17 June 2007." www.interieur.gouv.fr/secions/a-votre- service/resultats-elections/LG2007/FE.html. Accessed 6 July 2007.
    • (2007) Résultats des Elections Législatives 17 June 2007
  • 254
    • 8744290674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Democratic electoral systems around the world, 1946- 2000
    • Golder, Matt. 2005. "Democratic Electoral Systems around the World, 1946- 2000." Electoral Studies 24.1: 103-21.
    • (2005) Electoral Studies , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 103-121
    • Golder, M.1
  • 256
    • 84902048110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed 20 May 2009
    • Green Party of Canada. www.greenparty.ca. Accessed 20 May 2009.
    • Green Party of Canada
  • 257
    • 84902058281 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • N.d. Accessed 12 June 2006
    • Green Party of England and Wales. N.d. Manifesto for a Sustainable Society. http://policy.greenparty.org.uk/mfss. Accessed 12 June 2006.
    • Green Party of England and Wales
  • 259
    • 79952796463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed 12 March 2009
    • Green Party of England and Wales. 2002-08. Report and Financial Statements. http://www.electoralcommission.org.uk/party-finance/database-of- registers/statements-of-account. Accessed 12 March 2009.
    • (2002) Report and Financial Statements
  • 261
    • 0003962841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Green Party of England and Wales. Spring
    • Green Party of England and Wales. 2006. Constitution. Spring.
    • (2006) Constitution
  • 262
    • 84902058282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed 1 February 2009
    • Green Party of England and Wales. 2007. "Results of Green Leadership Vote." http://www.greenparty.org.uk/news-archive/3249.html. Accessed 1 February 2009.
    • (2007) Results of Green Leadership Vote
  • 263
    • 84902058283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed 3 February 2009
    • Green Party of England and Wales. 2008. "Caroline Lucas Is First Green Party Leader." http://www.greenparty.org.uk/news/caroline-lucas-is- first-greenparty-leader.html. Accessed 3 February 2009.
    • (2008) Caroline Lucas is First Green Party Leader
  • 264
    • 84879732028 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed 21 May 2009
    • Green Party of the United States. Election Database. www.gp.org/ elections/candidates. Accessed 21 May 2009.
    • Election Database
  • 265
    • 1842579773 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 15 June 2004-31 December
    • Guardian. 15 June 2004-31 December 2007.
    • (2007) Guardian
  • 266
    • 34548384444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 15 June 2004-31 December
    • Independent. 15 June 2004-31 December 2007.
    • (2007) Independent
  • 273
    • 84884075100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 15 June 2004-31 December
    • Libération. 15 June 2004-31 December 2007.
    • (2007) Libération
  • 274
    • 84980251020 scopus 로고
    • General elections in western nations during 1988
    • Mackie, Thomas T. 1989. "General Elections in Western Nations during 1988." European Journal of Political Research. 17.6: 747-52.
    • (1989) European Journal of Political Research , vol.17 , Issue.6 , pp. 747-752
    • Mackie, T.T.1
  • 276
    • 84874161690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 15 June 2004-31 December
    • Le Monde. 15 June 2004-31 December 2007.
    • (2007) Le Monde
  • 277
    • 84922930721 scopus 로고
    • Le Monde Dossiers et Documents. Paris: Le Monde
    • Le Monde Dossiers et Documents. 1993. Les Elections Législatives de Mars 1993. Paris: Le Monde.
    • (1993) Les Elections Législatives de Mars 1993
  • 278
    • 84902042320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Le Monde Dossiers et Documents. Paris: Le Monde
    • Le Monde Dossiers et Documents. 1997. Les Elections Législatives 1997. Paris: Le Monde.
    • (1997) Les Elections Législatives 1997
  • 279
    • 84902058273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed 19 June 2002
    • National Assembly. 2002. "Elections Législatives 9 et 16 2002." www.assemblenationale.com/elections/resultats.asp. Accessed 19 June 2002.
    • (2002) Elections Législatives 9 et 16 2002
  • 285
    • 84902058275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed 16 February 2010
    • United Kingdom Election Results. 1997. http://www.election.demon.co.uk/ ge1997.html. Accessed 16 February 2010.
    • (1997) United Kingdom Election Results
  • 287
    • 84902058256 scopus 로고
    • Les Verts, Archived at the Institut National de l'Audiovisuel
    • Les Verts. 1974-2007. Official Television Campaign Spots. Archived at the Institut National de l'Audiovisuel.
    • (1974) Official Television Campaign Spots


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.