메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 34, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 75-92

Pastoralism, sustainability, and marketing. A review

Author keywords

Adaptation; Livestock marketing; Pastoralism; Pastoralists; Sustainable development

Indexed keywords

AGRI-ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY; AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION; ARABLE LAND; INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGE; LAND USE CHANGE; LIVESTOCK FARMING; MARKETING; PASTORALISM; POPULATION GROWTH; PROFITABILITY; RESOURCE USE; SUSTAINABILITY; SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT; TRADITIONAL AGRICULTURE;

EID: 84895808614     PISSN: 17740746     EISSN: 17730155     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s13593-013-0167-4     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (32)

References (240)
  • 1
    • 46049094460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of a commercial destocking relief intervention in Moyale district, southern Ethiopia
    • 18380850
    • Abebe D, Adrian C, Andy C, Yacob A, Gedlu M, Yodit G (2008) Impact of a commercial destocking relief intervention in Moyale district, southern Ethiopia. Disasters 32:167-189
    • (2008) Disasters , vol.32 , pp. 167-189
    • Abebe, D.1    Adrian, C.2    Andy, C.3    Yacob, A.4    Gedlu, M.5    Yodit, G.6
  • 2
    • 14544307849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparisons of pastoralists perceptions about rangeland resource utilization in the middle Awash Valley of Ethiopia
    • 1:STN:280:DC%2BD2M7hvFWmsw%3D%3D 15748801
    • Abule E, Snyman HA, Smit GN (2005) Comparisons of pastoralists perceptions about rangeland resource utilization in the middle Awash Valley of Ethiopia. J Environ Manage 75:21-35
    • (2005) J Environ Manage , vol.75 , pp. 21-35
    • Abule, E.1    Snyman, H.A.2    Smit, G.N.3
  • 3
    • 33646924261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Continuity and change in pastoral livelihoods of Senegalese Fulani
    • 10.1007/s10460-005-6108-3
    • Adriansen HK (2006) Continuity and change in pastoral livelihoods of Senegalese Fulani. Agric Human Values 23:215-229. doi: 10.1007/s10460-005-6108-3
    • (2006) Agric Human Values , vol.23 , pp. 215-229
    • Adriansen, H.K.1
  • 4
    • 50549100968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding pastoral mobility: The case of Senegalese Fulani
    • Adriansen HK (2008) Understanding pastoral mobility: the case of Senegalese Fulani. Geogr J 174:207-222
    • (2008) Geogr J , vol.174 , pp. 207-222
    • Adriansen, H.K.1
  • 5
    • 33747153298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The geography of pastoral mobility: Spatiotemporal analysis of GPS data from Sahelian Senegal
    • Adriansen HK, Nielsen TT (2005) The geography of pastoral mobility: Spatiotemporal analysis of GPS data from Sahelian Senegal. GeoJournal 64:177-188
    • (2005) GeoJournal , vol.64 , pp. 177-188
    • Adriansen, H.K.1    Nielsen, T.T.2
  • 7
    • 34249319047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental perceptions and practices of livestock keepers on the Namaqualand commons challenge conventional rangeland management
    • Allsopp N, Catherine L, Laure M, Debeaudoin M, Igshaan S (2007) Environmental perceptions and practices of livestock keepers on the Namaqualand commons challenge conventional rangeland management. J Arid Environ 70:740-754
    • (2007) J Arid Environ , vol.70 , pp. 740-754
    • Allsopp, N.1    Catherine, L.2    Laure, M.3    Debeaudoin, M.4    Igshaan, S.5
  • 8
    • 77951526679 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American Marketing Association Accessed 28 December 2011
    • American Marketing Association (2007) Definition of marketing. http://www.marketingpower.com/AboutAMA/Pages/DefinitionofMarketing.aspx. Accessed 28 December 2011.
    • (2007) Definition of Marketing
  • 9
    • 34548258266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Property rights and the management of animal genetic resources
    • Anderson S, Centonze R (2007) Property rights and the management of animal genetic resources. World Dev 35:1529-1541
    • (2007) World Dev , vol.35 , pp. 1529-1541
    • Anderson, S.1    Centonze, R.2
  • 10
    • 34249336446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impacts of sustained heavy grazing on plant diversity and composition in lowland and upland habitats across the Kamiesberg mountain range in the Succulent Karoo, South Africa
    • Anderson P, Hoffman MT (2007) The impacts of sustained heavy grazing on plant diversity and composition in lowland and upland habitats across the Kamiesberg mountain range in the Succulent Karoo, South Africa. J Arid Environ 70:686-700
    • (2007) J Arid Environ , vol.70 , pp. 686-700
    • Anderson, P.1    Hoffman, M.T.2
  • 11
    • 34249306923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relating long-term rainfall variability to cattle population dynamics in communal rangelands and a government ranch in southern Ethiopia
    • Angassa A, Oba G (2007) Relating long-term rainfall variability to cattle population dynamics in communal rangelands and a government ranch in southern Ethiopia. Agric Syst 94:715-725
    • (2007) Agric Syst , vol.94 , pp. 715-725
    • Angassa, A.1    Oba, G.2
  • 12
    • 41049111949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herder perceptions on impacts of range enclosures, crop farming, fire-ban and bush-encroachment on the rangelands of Borana, southern Ethiopia
    • Angassa A, Oba G (2008) Herder perceptions on impacts of range enclosures, crop farming, fire-ban and bush-encroachment on the rangelands of Borana, southern Ethiopia. Hum Ecol 36:201-215
    • (2008) Hum Ecol , vol.36 , pp. 201-215
    • Angassa, A.1    Oba, G.2
  • 14
    • 84895824752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pastoral Nomads
    • T. Barfield (eds) Blackwell Oxford, UK
    • Barfield T (1997) Pastoral Nomads. In: Barfield T (ed) Dictionary of anthropology. Blackwell, Oxford, UK
    • (1997) Dictionary of Anthropology
    • Barfield, T.1
  • 15
    • 13444267287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Institutional arrangements for rural poverty reduction and resource conservation
    • Barrett CB, Lee DR, McPeak J (2005) Institutional arrangements for rural poverty reduction and resource conservation. World Dev 33:193-197
    • (2005) World Dev , vol.33 , pp. 193-197
    • Barrett, C.B.1    Lee, D.R.2    McPeak, J.3
  • 16
    • 30344476043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Welfare dynamics in rural Kenya and Madagascar
    • Barrett CB, Marenya P, McPeak J et al (2006a) Welfare dynamics in rural Kenya and Madagascar. J Dev Stud 42:248-277
    • (2006) J Dev Stud , vol.42 , pp. 248-277
    • Barrett, C.B.1    Marenya, P.2    McPeak, J.3
  • 17
    • 30944438324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding and reducing persistent poverty in Africa: Introduction to a special issue
    • Barrett CB, Michael RC, Peter DL (2006b) Understanding and reducing persistent poverty in Africa: introduction to a special issue. J Dev Stud 42:167-177
    • (2006) J Dev Stud , vol.42 , pp. 167-177
    • Barrett, C.B.1    Michael, R.C.2    Peter, D.L.3
  • 22
    • 33645727629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An ordered Tobit model of market participation: Evidence from Kenya and Ethiopia
    • Bellemare MF, Barrett CB (2006) An ordered Tobit model of market participation: evidence from Kenya and Ethiopia. Amer J Agr Econ 88:324-337
    • (2006) Amer J Agr Econ , vol.88 , pp. 324-337
    • Bellemare, M.F.1    Barrett, C.B.2
  • 23
    • 38149052448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does supply-induced scarcity drive violent conflicts in the African Sahel? the case of the Tuareg rebellion in northern Mali
    • Benjaminsen TA (2008) Does supply-induced scarcity drive violent conflicts in the African Sahel? The case of the Tuareg rebellion in northern Mali. J Peace Res 45:819-836
    • (2008) J Peace Res , vol.45 , pp. 819-836
    • Benjaminsen, T.A.1
  • 24
    • 34447341963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diversification and livelihood sustainability in a semi-arid environment: A case study from southern Ethiopia
    • Berhanu W, David C, Bichaka F (2007) Diversification and livelihood sustainability in a semi-arid environment: a case study from southern Ethiopia. J Dev Stud 43:871-889
    • (2007) J Dev Stud , vol.43 , pp. 871-889
    • Berhanu, W.1    David, C.2    Bichaka, F.3
  • 25
    • 0001786592 scopus 로고
    • Relationship marketing
    • L.L. Berry L. Shostack G. Upah (eds) American Marketing Association Chicago, IL
    • Berry LL (1983) Relationship marketing. In: Berry LL, Shostack L, Upah G (eds) In emerging perspectives on services marketing. American Marketing Association, Chicago, IL, pp 25-28
    • (1983) Emerging Perspectives on Services Marketing , pp. 25-28
    • Berry, L.L.1
  • 26
    • 34249297915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The household economy of pastoralists and wage-laborers in the Richtersveld, south Africa
    • Berzborn S (2007) The household economy of pastoralists and wage-laborers in the Richtersveld, south Africa. J Arid Environ 70:672-685
    • (2007) J Arid Environ , vol.70 , pp. 672-685
    • Berzborn, S.1
  • 27
    • 33749533022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is small really beautiful? Community-based natural resource management in Malawi and Botswana
    • Blaikie P (2006) Is small really beautiful? Community-based natural resource management in Malawi and Botswana. World Dev 34:1942-1957
    • (2006) World Dev , vol.34 , pp. 1942-1957
    • Blaikie, P.1
  • 29
    • 33750404629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cultivation and conservation in Ngorongoro conservation area, Tanzania
    • 0.1007/s10745-006-9031-3
    • Boone RB, Galvin KA, Thornton PK, Swift DM, Coughenour MB (2006) Cultivation and conservation in Ngorongoro conservation area, Tanzania. Hum Ecol 34:809-828. doi: 0.1007/s10745-006-9031-3
    • (2006) Hum Ecol , vol.34 , pp. 809-828
    • Boone, R.B.1    Galvin, K.A.2    Thornton, P.K.3    Swift, D.M.4    Coughenour, M.B.5
  • 30
    • 33846833503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Links and broken chains: Evidence of human-caused changes in land cover in remotely sensed images
    • Boone RB, Lackett JM, Galvin KA, Ojima DS, Tucker IIICJ (2007) Links and broken chains: evidence of human-caused changes in land cover in remotely sensed images. Environ Sci Policy 10:135-149
    • (2007) Environ Sci Policy , vol.10 , pp. 135-149
    • Boone, R.B.1    Lackett, J.M.2    Galvin, K.A.3    Ojima, D.S.4    Tucker, I.5
  • 31
    • 36849077178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rainfall or price variability: What determines rangeland management decisions? A simulation-optimization approach to South African savannas
    • Borner J, Higgin SI, Kantelhardt J, Scheiter S (2007) Rainfall or price variability: what determines rangeland management decisions? A simulation-optimization approach to South African savannas. Agric Econ 37:189-200
    • (2007) Agric Econ , vol.37 , pp. 189-200
    • Borner, J.1    Higgin, S.I.2    Kantelhardt, J.3    Scheiter, S.4
  • 32
    • 24044509173 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pastoralist economic behavior: Empirical results from reindeer herders in northern Sweden
    • Bostedt G (2005) Pastoralist economic behavior: empirical results from reindeer herders in northern Sweden. J Agric Resour Econ 30:381-396
    • (2005) J Agric Resour Econ , vol.30 , pp. 381-396
    • Bostedt, G.1
  • 33
    • 22744441364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • State-and-transition models, thresholds and rangeland health: A synthesis of ecological concepts and perspectives
    • Briske DD, Fuhlendorf SD, Smeins FE (2005) State-and-transition models, thresholds and rangeland health: a synthesis of ecological concepts and perspectives. Rangeland Ecol Manage 58:1-10
    • (2005) Rangeland Ecol Manage , vol.58 , pp. 1-10
    • Briske, D.D.1    Fuhlendorf, S.D.2    Smeins, F.E.3
  • 34
    • 36448963135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of woody vegetation in a semi-arid savanna, with a focus on bush encroachment
    • Britz ML, Ward D (2007) Dynamics of woody vegetation in a semi-arid savanna, with a focus on bush encroachment. Afr J Range Forage Sci 24:131-140
    • (2007) Afr J Range Forage Sci , vol.24 , pp. 131-140
    • Britz, M.L.1    Ward, D.2
  • 36
    • 10944246516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theory and research in mass communication
    • Bryant J, Miron D (2004) Theory and research in mass communication. J Commun 54:662-704
    • (2004) J Commun , vol.54 , pp. 662-704
    • Bryant, J.1    Miron, D.2
  • 37
    • 31144463628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple methods in the study of driving forces of land use and land cover change: A case study of SE Kajiado district, Kenya
    • Campbell DJ, David PL, Thomas AS, Edna EW (2005) Multiple methods in the study of driving forces of land use and land cover change: a case study of SE Kajiado district, Kenya. Hum Ecol 33:763-794
    • (2005) Hum Ecol , vol.33 , pp. 763-794
    • Campbell, D.J.1    David, P.L.2    Thomas, A.S.3    Edna, E.W.4
  • 38
    • 84984538613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In search of optimal stocking regimes in semi-arid grazing lands: One size does not fit all
    • 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.05.010
    • Campbell BM, Gordon IJ, Luckert MK, Petheram L, Vetter S (2006) In search of optimal stocking regimes in semi-arid grazing lands: one size does not fit all. Ecol Econ 60:75-85. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2006.05.010
    • (2006) Ecol Econ , vol.60 , pp. 75-85
    • Campbell, B.M.1    Gordon, I.J.2    Luckert, M.K.3    Petheram, L.4    Vetter, S.5
  • 39
    • 77952487569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Between market logic and communal practices: Pastoral nomad groups and globalization in contemporary Sudan (Case studies from central and western Sudan)
    • Casciarri B (2009) Between market logic and communal practices: Pastoral nomad groups and globalization in contemporary Sudan (Case studies from central and western Sudan). Nomadic Peoples 13:69-91
    • (2009) Nomadic Peoples , vol.13 , pp. 69-91
    • Casciarri, B.1
  • 40
    • 0031594085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustainable herd management and the tragedy of no man's land: An analysis of west Himalayan pastures using remote sensing techniques
    • Casimir M, Rao A (1998) Sustainable herd management and the tragedy of no man's land: an analysis of west Himalayan pastures using remote sensing techniques. Hum Ecol 26:113-134
    • (1998) Hum Ecol , vol.26 , pp. 113-134
    • Casimir, M.1    Rao, A.2
  • 41
    • 84895815319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development at the margins: Pathways of change in the Horn of Africa
    • Catley A., Lind J., Scoones I. (Eds.) (2012) Development at the margins: Pathways of change in the Horn of Africa. Earthscan.
    • (2012) Earthscan
    • Catley, A.1    Lind, J.2    Scoones, I.3
  • 42
    • 84975011781 scopus 로고
    • Ethno-archaeological survey of pastoral transhumance sites in the Grevena Region, Greece
    • 10.1179/009346993791549192
    • Chang C, Tourtellotte PA (1993) Ethno-archaeological survey of pastoral transhumance sites in the Grevena Region, Greece. J Field Archaeol 20:249-264. doi: 10.1179/009346993791549192
    • (1993) J Field Archaeol , vol.20 , pp. 249-264
    • Chang, C.1    Tourtellotte, P.A.2
  • 45
    • 84895820063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking pastoralists and exporters in a livestock marketing chain: Recent experiences from Ethiopia
    • Paper 200
    • Coppock D.L., Desta S., Gebru G., Tezera S. (2005) Linking pastoralists and exporters in a livestock marketing chain: Recent experiences from Ethiopia. ENVS Faculty Publications. Paper 200.
    • (2005) ENVS Faculty Publications
    • Coppock, D.L.1    Desta, S.2    Gebru, G.3    Tezera, S.4
  • 46
    • 13744262954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Ellis paradigm-humans, herbivores and rangeland systems
    • Coughenour M (2004) The Ellis paradigm-humans, herbivores and rangeland systems. J Range Forage Sci 21:191-200
    • (2004) J Range Forage Sci , vol.21 , pp. 191-200
    • Coughenour, M.1
  • 47
    • 34249293637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A synthesis of sociological and biological perspectives on sustainable land use in Namaqualand
    • 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.04.002
    • Cousins B, Hoffman MT, Allsopp N, Rohde RF (2007) A synthesis of sociological and biological perspectives on sustainable land use in Namaqualand. J Arid Environ 70:834-846. doi: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.04.002
    • (2007) J Arid Environ , vol.70 , pp. 834-846
    • Cousins, B.1    Hoffman, M.T.2    Allsopp, N.3    Rohde, R.F.4
  • 48
    • 48749083641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grasslands, people, and conservation: Over the horizon learning exchanges between African and American pastoralists
    • 18544088
    • Curtin C, Western D (2008) Grasslands, people, and conservation: over the horizon learning exchanges between African and American pastoralists. Conserv Biol 22:870-877
    • (2008) Conserv Biol , vol.22 , pp. 870-877
    • Curtin, C.1    Western, D.2
  • 50
    • 51349118739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Turning the tide: Enabling sustainable development for Africa's mobile pastoralists
    • 10.1111/j.1477-8947.2008.00190.x
    • Davies J (2008) Turning the tide: enabling sustainable development for Africa's mobile pastoralists. Nat Resour Forum 32:175-184. doi: 10.1111/j.1477-8947.2008.00190.x
    • (2008) Nat Resour Forum , vol.32 , pp. 175-184
    • Davies, J.1
  • 51
    • 33947594217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Livelihood adaptation to risk: Constraints and opportunities for pastoral development in Ethiopia's Afar region
    • 10.1080/00220380701204422
    • Davies J, Bennett R (2007) Livelihood adaptation to risk: Constraints and opportunities for pastoral development in Ethiopia's Afar region. J Dev Stud 43:490-511. doi: 10.1080/00220380701204422
    • (2007) J Dev Stud , vol.43 , pp. 490-511
    • Davies, J.1    Bennett, R.2
  • 52
    • 49849086921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The economics of mobile pastoralism: A global summary
    • 10.3167/np.2007.110106
    • Davies J, Hatfield R (2007) The economics of mobile pastoralism: a global summary. Nomadic Peoples 11:91-116. doi: 10.3167/np.2007.110106
    • (2007) Nomadic Peoples , vol.11 , pp. 91-116
    • Davies, J.1    Hatfield, R.2
  • 54
    • 23644455263 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indigenous knowledge and the desertification debate: Problematizing expert knowledge in North Africa
    • 10.1016/j.geoforum.2004.08.003
    • Davis DK (2005) Indigenous knowledge and the desertification debate: problematizing expert knowledge in North Africa. Geoforum 36:509-524. doi: 10.1016/j.geoforum.2004.08.003
    • (2005) Geoforum , vol.36 , pp. 509-524
    • Davis, D.K.1
  • 55
    • 84895807122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking pastoralists and exporters in a livestock marketing chain: Recent experiences from Ethiopia
    • McPeak J., Little P.D. (Eds.) Intermediate Technology Publications
    • Desta S., Gebru G., Tezera S., Coppock D.L. (2006) Linking pastoralists and exporters in a livestock marketing chain: recent experiences from Ethiopia. In: McPeak J., Little P.D. (Eds.), Pastoral livestock marketing in east Africa: Research and policy challenges. Intermediate Technology Publications
    • (2006) Pastoral Livestock Marketing in East Africa: Research and Policy Challenges
    • Desta, S.1    Gebru, G.2    Tezera, S.3    Coppock, D.L.4
  • 56
    • 79952186036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Breed and trait preferences of Sheko cattle keepers in southwestern Ethiopia
    • 21181495
    • Desta T, Ayalew W, Hegde B (2011) Breed and trait preferences of Sheko cattle keepers in southwestern Ethiopia. Trop Anim Health Prod 43:851-856
    • (2011) Trop Anim Health Prod , vol.43 , pp. 851-856
    • Desta, T.1    Ayalew, W.2    Hegde, B.3
  • 58
    • 84895787113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brighton, UK: Future Agricultures Consortium at the Institute of Development Studies Accessed 5 November 2012
    • Devereux S., Scoones I. (2008) The crisis of pastoralism? Future agricultures discussion paper 003. Brighton, UK: Future Agricultures Consortium at the Institute of Development Studies. http://www.future-agricultures.org/e- debate/pastoralism-in-crisis. Accessed 5 November 2012.
    • (2008) The Crisis of Pastoralism? Future Agricultures Discussion Paper 003
    • Devereux, S.1    Scoones, I.2
  • 59
    • 56649120597 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Institutional development for sustainable rangeland resource and ecosystem management in mountainous areas of northern Nepal
    • 18433982
    • Dong SK, Lassoie J, Shrestha KK, Yan ZL, Sharma E, Pariya D (2009) Institutional development for sustainable rangeland resource and ecosystem management in mountainous areas of northern Nepal. J Environ Manage 90:994-1003
    • (2009) J Environ Manage , vol.90 , pp. 994-1003
    • Dong, S.K.1    Lassoie, J.2    Shrestha, K.K.3    Yan, Z.L.4    Sharma, E.5    Pariya, D.6
  • 60
    • 47049101096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interpersonal, inter-temporal and spatial variation in risk perceptions: Evidence from east Africa
    • Doss C, McPeak J, Barrett CB (2008) Interpersonal, inter-temporal and spatial variation in risk perceptions: evidence from east Africa. World Dev 36:1453-1468
    • (2008) World Dev , vol.36 , pp. 1453-1468
    • Doss, C.1    McPeak, J.2    Barrett, C.B.3
  • 61
    • 77954507718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anticipating vulnerability to climate change in dryland pastoral systems: Using dynamic systems models for the Kalahari
    • Dougill AJ, Fraser ED, Reed MS (2010) Anticipating vulnerability to climate change in dryland pastoral systems: using dynamic systems models for the Kalahari. Ecol Soc 15:17
    • (2010) Ecol Soc , vol.15 , pp. 17
    • Dougill, A.J.1    Fraser, E.D.2    Reed, M.S.3
  • 62
    • 84861309317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regional forage production assessment in arid and semi-arid rangelands - A step towards social-ecological analysis
    • Easdale MH, Aguiar MR (2012) Regional forage production assessment in arid and semi-arid rangelands - a step towards social-ecological analysis. J Arid Environ 83:35-44
    • (2012) J Arid Environ , vol.83 , pp. 35-44
    • Easdale, M.H.1    Aguiar, M.R.2
  • 63
    • 0000187169 scopus 로고
    • Stability of African pastoral ecosystems
    • Ellis J, Swift DM (1988) Stability of African pastoral ecosystems. J Range Manage 41:450-459
    • (1988) J Range Manage , vol.41 , pp. 450-459
    • Ellis, J.1    Swift, D.M.2
  • 68
    • 84895827039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FAO Rome emergency meeting rallies to aid Horn of Africa Accessed 15 December 2011
    • FAO (2011). Rome emergency meeting rallies to aid Horn of Africa. http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/82543/icode/. Accessed 15 December 2011.
    • (2011)
  • 70
    • 0034489393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of Mongolian nomadic pastoralists' ecological knowledge in rangeland management
    • Fernandez-Gimenez ME (2000) The role of Mongolian nomadic pastoralists' ecological knowledge in rangeland management. Ecol Appl 10:1318-1326
    • (2000) Ecol Appl , vol.10 , pp. 1318-1326
    • Fernandez-Gimenez, M.E.1
  • 71
  • 74
    • 0001329296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pastoralism: Governance and development issues
    • 10.1146/annurev.anthro.26.1.235
    • Fratkin E (1997) Pastoralism: governance and development issues. Annu Rev Anthropol 26:235-261. doi: 10.1146/annurev.anthro.26.1.235
    • (1997) Annu Rev Anthropol , vol.26 , pp. 235-261
    • Fratkin, E.1
  • 75
    • 85011501401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • East African pastoralism in transition: Maasai, Boran, and Rendille Cases
    • Fratkin E (2001) East African pastoralism in transition: Maasai, Boran, and Rendille Cases. Afr Stud Rev 44:1-25
    • (2001) Afr Stud Rev , vol.44 , pp. 1-25
    • Fratkin, E.1
  • 76
    • 0042303890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustainability and pastoral livelihoods: Lessons from east African Maasai and Mongolia
    • Fratkin E, Mearns R (2003) Sustainability and pastoral livelihoods: Lessons from east African Maasai and Mongolia. Hum Organ 62:112-122
    • (2003) Hum Organ , vol.62 , pp. 112-122
    • Fratkin, E.1    Mearns, R.2
  • 78
    • 70350456279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transitions: Pastoralists living with change
    • 10.1146/annurev-anthro-091908-164442
    • Galvin KA (2009) Transitions: pastoralists living with change. Annu Rev Anthropol 38:185-198. doi: 10.1146/annurev-anthro-091908-164442
    • (2009) Annu Rev Anthropol , vol.38 , pp. 185-198
    • Galvin, K.A.1
  • 79
    • 0003061722 scopus 로고
    • Diet, nutrition, and the pastoral strategy
    • Fratkin E., Galvin K., Roth E. (Eds.) Lynne Rienner
    • Galvin K.A., Coppock D.L., Leslie P.W. (1994) Diet, nutrition, and the pastoral strategy. In: Fratkin E., Galvin K., Roth E. (Eds.), African pastoralist systems. Lynne Rienner
    • (1994) African Pastoralist Systems
    • Galvin, K.A.1    Coppock, D.L.2    Leslie, P.W.3
  • 80
    • 33746722842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrated modeling and its potential for resolving conflicts between conservation and people in the rangelands of east Africa
    • 10.1007/s10745-006-9012-6
    • Galvin KA, Thornton PK, de Pinho J, Sutherland J, Boone RB (2006) Integrated modeling and its potential for resolving conflicts between conservation and people in the rangelands of east Africa. Hum Ecol 34:155-183. doi: 10.1007/s10745-006-9012-6
    • (2006) Hum Ecol , vol.34 , pp. 155-183
    • Galvin, K.A.1    Thornton, P.K.2    De Pinho, J.3    Sutherland, J.4    Boone, R.B.5
  • 81
    • 33646347099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indigenous ecological knowledge of Borana pastoralists in southern Ethiopia and current challenges
    • 10.1080/13504500609469666
    • Gemedo-Dalle T, Isselstein J, Maass BL (2006) Indigenous ecological knowledge of Borana pastoralists in southern Ethiopia and current challenges. Intern J Sust Devt World Ecol 13:113-130. doi: 10.1080/13504500609469666
    • (2006) Intern J Sust Devt World Ecol , vol.13 , pp. 113-130
    • Gemedo-Dalle, T.1    Isselstein, J.2    Maass, B.L.3
  • 82
    • 12144274306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life and death in Australian 'heartlands': Pastoralism, ecology and rethinking the outback
    • Gill N (2005) Life and death in Australian 'heartlands': pastoralism, ecology and rethinking the outback. J Rural Stud 21:39-53
    • (2005) J Rural Stud , vol.21 , pp. 39-53
    • Gill, N.1
  • 84
    • 2942649403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a knowledge-based theory of the firm
    • Grant RM (1996) Toward a knowledge-based theory of the firm. Strateg Manag J 17:109-122
    • (1996) Strateg Manag J , vol.17 , pp. 109-122
    • Grant, R.M.1
  • 85
    • 21844506036 scopus 로고
    • Relationship marketing: The strategy continuum
    • Gronroos C (1995) Relationship marketing: the strategy continuum. J Acad Mark Sci 23:252-254
    • (1995) J Acad Mark Sci , vol.23 , pp. 252-254
    • Gronroos, C.1
  • 87
    • 0014413249 scopus 로고
    • The tragedy of the commons
    • 1:STN:280:DyaF1M%2FjvVymsQ%3D%3D 5699198
    • Hardin G (1968) The tragedy of the commons. Science 162:1243-1248
    • (1968) Science , vol.162 , pp. 1243-1248
    • Hardin, G.1
  • 88
    • 13444272960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linkages between community, environmental and conflict management: Experiences from Northern Kenya
    • 10.1.1.133.8836
    • Haro G, Doyo G, McPeak JG (2005) Linkages between community, environmental and conflict management: experiences from Northern Kenya. World Dev 33:285-299. doi: 10.1.1.133.8836
    • (2005) World Dev , vol.33 , pp. 285-299
    • Haro, G.1    Doyo, G.2    McPeak, J.G.3
  • 90
    • 84871107965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Community-based management: Under what conditions do Sa'mi pastoralists manage pastures sustainably?
    • 10.1371/journal.pone.0051187
    • Hausner VH, Fauchald P, Jernsletten J (2012) Community-based management: under what conditions do Sa'mi pastoralists manage pastures sustainably? PLoS One 7:1-99. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051187
    • (2012) PLoS One , vol.7 , pp. 1-99
    • Hausner, V.H.1    Fauchald, P.2    Jernsletten, J.3
  • 91
    • 34249317336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biodiversity conservation and pastoralism-reducing herd size in a communal livestock production system in Richtersveld National Park
    • Hendricks H, Bond WJ, Midgley JJ, Novellie PA (2007) Biodiversity conservation and pastoralism-reducing herd size in a communal livestock production system in Richtersveld National Park. J Arid Environ 70:718-727
    • (2007) J Arid Environ , vol.70 , pp. 718-727
    • Hendricks, H.1    Bond, W.J.2    Midgley, J.J.3    Novellie, P.A.4
  • 92
    • 33947370825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustainable management of extensively managed savanna rangelands
    • Higgins SI, Kantelhardt J, Scheiter S, Boerner J (2007) Sustainable management of extensively managed savanna rangelands. Ecol Econ 62:102-114
    • (2007) Ecol Econ , vol.62 , pp. 102-114
    • Higgins, S.I.1    Kantelhardt, J.2    Scheiter, S.3    Boerner, J.4
  • 93
    • 33645411191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multi-criteria assessment of tensions in resource use at continental scale: A proof of concept with Australian rangelands
    • Hill MJ, Lesslie R, Donohue R, Houlder P, Holloway J, Smith J, Ritman K (2006) Multi-criteria assessment of tensions in resource use at continental scale: a proof of concept with Australian rangelands. Environ Manag 37:712-731
    • (2006) Environ Manag , vol.37 , pp. 712-731
    • Hill, M.J.1    Lesslie, R.2    Donohue, R.3    Houlder, P.4    Holloway, J.5    Smith, J.6    Ritman, K.7
  • 94
    • 56949101628 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fragmentation of rangelands: Implications for humans, animals, and landscapes
    • Hobbs NT, Galvin KA, Stokes CJ et al (2008) Fragmentation of rangelands: implications for humans, animals, and landscapes. N Glob Environ Chang 18:776-785
    • (2008) N Glob Environ Chang , vol.18 , pp. 776-785
    • Hobbs, N.T.1    Galvin, K.A.2    Stokes, C.J.3
  • 95
    • 34249281963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From pastoralism to tourism: The historical impact of changing land use practices in Namaqualand
    • Hoffman M, Rohde R (2007) From pastoralism to tourism: the historical impact of changing land use practices in Namaqualand. J Arid Environ 70:641-658
    • (2007) J Arid Environ , vol.70 , pp. 641-658
    • Hoffman, M.1    Rohde, R.2
  • 96
    • 34249311887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustainable land use in Namaqualand, South Africa: Key issues in an interdisciplinary debate
    • 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.11.021
    • Hoffman MT, Allsopp MN, Rohde RF (2007) Sustainable land use in Namaqualand, South Africa: key issues in an interdisciplinary debate. J Arid Environ 70:561-569. doi: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.11.021
    • (2007) J Arid Environ , vol.70 , pp. 561-569
    • Hoffman, M.T.1    Allsopp, M.N.2    Rohde, R.F.3
  • 97
    • 0008867805 scopus 로고
    • Livestock marketing in pastoral Africa: Policies to increase competitiveness, efficiency and flexibility
    • I. Scoones (eds) Intermediate Technology Publications Ltd. London
    • Holtzman JS, Kulibaba NP (1994) Livestock marketing in pastoral Africa: Policies to increase competitiveness, efficiency and flexibility. In: Scoones I (ed) Living with uncertainty. New directions in pastoral development in Africa. Intermediate Technology Publications Ltd., London
    • (1994) Living with Uncertainty. New Directions in Pastoral Development in Africa
    • Holtzman, J.S.1    Kulibaba, N.P.2
  • 98
    • 50449092705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of development interventions on the use of indigenous range management strategies in the Borana lowlands in Ethiopia
    • 10.1002/ldr.845
    • Homann S, Rischkowsky B, Steinbach J (2008a) The effect of development interventions on the use of indigenous range management strategies in the Borana lowlands in Ethiopia. Land degrad develop 19:368-387. doi: 10.1002/ldr.845
    • (2008) Land Degrad Develop , vol.19 , pp. 368-387
    • Homann, S.1    Rischkowsky, B.2    Steinbach, J.3
  • 99
    • 48749098052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards endogenous livestock development: Borana pastoralists' responses to environmental and institutional changes
    • Homann S, Rischkowsky B, Steinbach J, Kirk M, Mathias E (2008b) Towards endogenous livestock development: Borana pastoralists' responses to environmental and institutional changes. Hum Ecol 36:503-520
    • (2008) Hum Ecol , vol.36 , pp. 503-520
    • Homann, S.1    Rischkowsky, B.2    Steinbach, J.3    Kirk, M.4    Mathias, E.5
  • 101
    • 33645216815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Livestock health and socio-economic impacts of a veterinary intervention in Maasailand: Infection and treatment vaccine against east coast fever
    • 10.1016/j.agsy.2005.09.004
    • Homewood K, Trench P, Randall S, Lynen G, Bishop B (2006) Livestock health and socio-economic impacts of a veterinary intervention in Maasailand: infection and treatment vaccine against east coast fever. Agric Syst 89:248-271. doi: 10.1016/j.agsy.2005.09.004
    • (2006) Agric Syst , vol.89 , pp. 248-271
    • Homewood, K.1    Trench, P.2    Randall, S.3    Lynen, G.4    Bishop, B.5
  • 102
    • 34548172400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Problems and strategies for sustainable development of farming and animal husbandry in the agro-pastoral transition zone in northern China
    • 10.1080/13504500709469739
    • Huang D, Wang K, Wu WL (2007) Problems and strategies for sustainable development of farming and animal husbandry in the agro-pastoral transition zone in northern China. Int J Sustainable Devel World Ecol 14:391-399. doi: 10.1080/13504500709469739
    • (2007) Int J Sustainable Devel World Ecol , vol.14 , pp. 391-399
    • Huang, D.1    Wang, K.2    Wu, W.L.3
  • 103
    • 55149089848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safe pasture utilisation rates as a grazing management tool in extensively grazed tropical savannas of northern Australia
    • 10.1071/RJ07058
    • Hunt LP (2008) Safe pasture utilisation rates as a grazing management tool in extensively grazed tropical savannas of northern Australia. Rangel J 30:305-315. doi: 10.1071/RJ07058
    • (2008) Rangel J , vol.30 , pp. 305-315
    • Hunt, L.P.1
  • 105
    • 84904430042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • IFAD International Fund for Agricultural Development. Livestock Thematic Papers Tools for project design Accessed 12 November 2012
    • IFAD (2010) Value chains, linking producers to the markets. International Fund for Agricultural Development. Livestock Thematic Papers Tools for project design. www.ifad.org/lrkm/factsheet/valuechains.pdf. Accessed 12 November 2012.
    • (2010) Value Chains, Linking Producers to the Markets
  • 106
    • 84873114877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Doing field research in subsistence markets, with an application to market orientation in the context of Ethiopian pastoralists
    • Ingenbleek PTM, Tessema WK, van Trijp HCM (2013) Doing field research in subsistence markets, with an application to market orientation in the context of Ethiopian pastoralists. Int J Res Mark 30:83-97
    • (2013) Int J Res Mark , vol.30 , pp. 83-97
    • Ingenbleek, P.T.M.1    Tessema, W.K.2    Van Trijp, H.C.M.3
  • 107
    • 84895790936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accessed 5 December 2012
    • Iro I. (2009) Fulani herding system. http://www.gamji.com/fulani4.htm. Accessed 5 December 2012.
    • (2009) Fulani Herding System
    • Iro, I.1
  • 108
    • 13844294326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Herders response to acute land pressure under changing property rights: Some insights from Kajiado district, Kenya
    • Kabubo-Mariara J (2005) Herders response to acute land pressure under changing property rights: some insights from Kajiado district, Kenya. Environ Dev Econ 9:67-85
    • (2005) Environ Dev Econ , vol.9 , pp. 67-85
    • Kabubo-Mariara, J.1
  • 109
    • 43849091311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of rangeland degradation on the pastoral production systems, livelihoods and perceptions of the Somali pastoralists in Eastern Ethiopia
    • 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.01.002
    • Kassahun A, Snyman HA, Smit GN (2008) Impact of rangeland degradation on the pastoral production systems, livelihoods and perceptions of the Somali pastoralists in Eastern Ethiopia. J Arid Environ 72:1265-1281. doi: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2008.01.002
    • (2008) J Arid Environ , vol.72 , pp. 1265-1281
    • Kassahun, A.1    Snyman, H.A.2    Smit, G.N.3
  • 111
    • 39649120110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facilitative effects of Aloe secundiflora shrubs in degraded semi-arid rangelands in Kenya
    • King EG (2008) Facilitative effects of Aloe secundiflora shrubs in degraded semi-arid rangelands in Kenya. J Arid Environ 72:358-369
    • (2008) J Arid Environ , vol.72 , pp. 358-369
    • King, E.G.1
  • 112
    • 33750002981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing land degradation in the Monduli district, northern Tanzania
    • Kiunsi RB, Meadows M (2006) Assessing land degradation in the Monduli district, northern Tanzania. Land degrad Develop 17:509-525
    • (2006) Land Degrad Develop , vol.17 , pp. 509-525
    • Kiunsi, R.B.1    Meadows, M.2
  • 113
    • 34547445046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stochastic rangeland use under capital constraints
    • 10.1111/j.1467-8276.2007.00981.x
    • Kobayashi M, Howitt RE, Jarvis LS, Laca EA (2007) Stochastic rangeland use under capital constraints. Am J Agric Econ 89:805-817. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8276.2007.00981.x
    • (2007) Am J Agric Econ , vol.89 , pp. 805-817
    • Kobayashi, M.1    Howitt, R.E.2    Jarvis, L.S.3    Laca, E.A.4
  • 114
    • 0003048219 scopus 로고
    • Market orientation: The construct, research propositions, and managerial implications
    • Kohli AK, Jaworski BJ (1990) Market orientation: the construct, research propositions, and managerial implications. J Mark 54:1-18
    • (1990) J Mark , vol.54 , pp. 1-18
    • Kohli, A.K.1    Jaworski, B.J.2
  • 115
    • 21044453604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pastoral nomadism, a sustainable system for grazing land management in arid areas
    • Koocheki A, Gliessman S (2005) Pastoral nomadism, a sustainable system for grazing land management in arid areas. J Sustain Agric 25:113-131
    • (2005) J Sustain Agric , vol.25 , pp. 113-131
    • Koocheki, A.1    Gliessman, S.2
  • 116
    • 45349089219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Raising off-take from cattle grazed on natural rangelands in sub-Saharan Africa: A transaction cost economics approach
    • Kyeyamwa H, Speelman S, Van Huylenbroeck G, Opuda-Asibo J, Verbeke W (2008) Raising off-take from cattle grazed on natural rangelands in sub-Saharan Africa: a transaction cost economics approach. Agric Econ 39:63-72
    • (2008) Agric Econ , vol.39 , pp. 63-72
    • Kyeyamwa, H.1    Speelman, S.2    Van Huylenbroeck, G.3    Opuda-Asibo, J.4    Verbeke, W.5
  • 117
    • 12344268134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Co-evolutionary scenarios of intensification and privatization of resource use in rural communities of south-western Niger
    • La Rovere R, Hiernaux P, Van Keulen H, Schiere J, Szonyi J (2005) Co-evolutionary scenarios of intensification and privatization of resource use in rural communities of south-western Niger. Agric Syst 83:251-276
    • (2005) Agric Syst , vol.83 , pp. 251-276
    • La Rovere, R.1    Hiernaux, P.2    Van Keulen, H.3    Schiere, J.4    Szonyi, J.5
  • 119
    • 34249286566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Land reform and the new elite: Exclusion of the poor from communal land in Namaqualand, South Africa
    • Lebert T, Rohde R (2007) Land reform and the new elite: exclusion of the poor from communal land in Namaqualand, South Africa. J Arid Environ 70:818-833
    • (2007) J Arid Environ , vol.70 , pp. 818-833
    • Lebert, T.1    Rohde, R.2
  • 120
    • 27644520579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Privatizing pastoral lands: Economic and normative outcomes in Kenya
    • 10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.05.008
    • Lesorogol CK (2005) Privatizing pastoral lands: economic and normative outcomes in Kenya. World Dev 33:1959-1978. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2005.05.008
    • (2005) World Dev , vol.33 , pp. 1959-1978
    • Lesorogol, C.K.1
  • 121
    • 84895813320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reflections on the future of pastoralism in the horn of Africa
    • A. Catley J. Lind I. Scoones (eds) Routledge London
    • Little PD (2012) Reflections on the future of pastoralism in the horn of Africa. In: Catley A, Lind J, Scoones I (eds) Development at the margins: pathways of change in the Horn of Africa. Routledge, London
    • (2012) Development at the Margins: Pathways of Change in the Horn of Africa
    • Little, P.D.1
  • 122
    • 53549124995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Challenging orthodoxies: Understanding poverty in pastoral areas of east Africa
    • Little PD, McPeak J, Barrett CB, Kristjanson P (2008) Challenging orthodoxies: understanding poverty in pastoral areas of east Africa. Dev Chang 39:587-611
    • (2008) Dev Chang , vol.39 , pp. 587-611
    • Little, P.D.1    McPeak, J.2    Barrett, C.B.3    Kristjanson, P.4
  • 124
    • 33847190267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bayesian herders: Updating of rainfall beliefs in response to external forecasts
    • Lybbert T, Barrett CB, McPeak J, Winnie K (2007) Bayesian herders: updating of rainfall beliefs in response to external forecasts. World Dev 35:480-497
    • (2007) World Dev , vol.35 , pp. 480-497
    • Lybbert, T.1    Barrett, C.B.2    McPeak, J.3    Winnie, K.4
  • 126
    • 27644448972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environment, poverty and health linkages in the Wami river basin: A search for sustainable water resource management
    • Madulu N (2005) Environment, poverty and health linkages in the Wami river basin: a search for sustainable water resource management. Phys Chem Earth 30:950-960
    • (2005) Phys Chem Earth , vol.30 , pp. 950-960
    • Madulu, N.1
  • 127
    • 84895824203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pastoralists' innovative responses to new camel export market opportunities on the Kenya/Ethiopia borderlands
    • Catley A., Lind J., Scoones I. (Eds.) Earthscan
    • Mahamoud A.H. (2012) Pastoralists' innovative responses to new camel export market opportunities on the Kenya/Ethiopia borderlands. In: Catley A., Lind J., Scoones I. (Eds.), Development at the Margins: Pathways of Change in the Horn of Africa. Earthscan
    • (2012) Development at the Margins: Pathways of Change in the Horn of Africa
    • Mahamoud, A.H.1
  • 128
    • 42949084195 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Linking perceived land and water resources degradation, scarcity and livelihood conflicts in southwestern Tanzania: Implications for sustainable rural livelihood
    • Malley Z, Taeb M, Matsumoto T, Takeya H (2008) Linking perceived land and water resources degradation, scarcity and livelihood conflicts in southwestern Tanzania: implications for sustainable rural livelihood. Environ Dev Sustain 10:349-372
    • (2008) Environ Dev Sustain , vol.10 , pp. 349-372
    • Malley, Z.1    Taeb, M.2    Matsumoto, T.3    Takeya, H.4
  • 129
    • 62549130690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Between cash cows and golden calves: Adaptations of Mongolian pastoralism in the 'Age of the market'
    • Marin A (2008) Between cash cows and golden calves: adaptations of Mongolian pastoralism in the 'Age of the market'. Nomadic Peoples 12:75-101
    • (2008) Nomadic Peoples , vol.12 , pp. 75-101
    • Marin, A.1
  • 130
    • 77957281273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Collective action for smallholder market access: Evidence and implications for Africa
    • Markelova H, Mwangi E (2010) Collective action for smallholder market access: evidence and implications for Africa. Rev Policy Res 27:621-640
    • (2010) Rev Policy Res , vol.27 , pp. 621-640
    • Markelova, H.1    Mwangi, E.2
  • 131
    • 33646134841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pastoralists' responses to variation of rangeland resources in time and pace
    • 16711045
    • McAllister RR, Gordon IJ, Janssen MA, Abel N (2006) Pastoralists' responses to variation of rangeland resources in time and pace. Ecol Appl 16:572-583
    • (2006) Ecol Appl , vol.16 , pp. 572-583
    • McAllister, R.R.1    Gordon, I.J.2    Janssen, M.A.3    Abel, N.4
  • 132
    • 41549147652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social networks in arid Australia: A review of concepts and evidence
    • 10.1071/RJ07040
    • McAllister RJ, Cheers B, Darbas T et al (2008) Social networks in arid Australia: a review of concepts and evidence. Rangel J 30:167-176. doi: 10.1071/RJ07040
    • (2008) Rangel J , vol.30 , pp. 167-176
    • McAllister, R.J.1    Cheers, B.2    Darbas, T.3
  • 133
    • 34250781132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Climate variability and flexibility in resource access: The case of past-oral mobility in Northern Kenya
    • McCarthy N (2007) Climate variability and flexibility in resource access: the case of past-oral mobility in Northern Kenya. Environ Dev Econ 12:403-421
    • (2007) Environ Dev Econ , vol.12 , pp. 403-421
    • McCarthy, N.1
  • 134
    • 84895792305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pastoralism as conservation in the Horn of Africa: Effective policies for conservation outcomes in the drylands of Eastern Africa
    • McGahey D, Davies J, Barrow E (2008) Pastoralism as conservation in the Horn of Africa: effective policies for conservation outcomes in the drylands of Eastern Africa. Ann Arid Zones 46:353-377
    • (2008) Ann Arid Zones , vol.46 , pp. 353-377
    • McGahey, D.1    Davies, J.2    Barrow, E.3
  • 135
    • 16344365489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual and collective rationality in pastoral production: Evidence from northern Kenya
    • 10.1007/s10745-005-2431-Y
    • McPeak J (2005) Individual and collective rationality in pastoral production: evidence from northern Kenya. Hum Ecol 33:171-197. doi: 10.1007/s10745-005-2431-Y
    • (2005) Hum Ecol , vol.33 , pp. 171-197
    • McPeak, J.1
  • 136
    • 33750024212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Confronting the risk of asset loss: What role do livestock transfers in northern Kenya play?
    • McPeak J (2006a) Confronting the risk of asset loss: what role do livestock transfers in northern Kenya play? J Dev Econ 81:415-437
    • (2006) J Dev Econ , vol.81 , pp. 415-437
    • McPeak, J.1
  • 137
    • 84895816672 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Livestock marketing in Marsabit district, Kenya, over the past fifty years
    • J.G. McPeak D. Little (eds) Intermediate Technology Publications Rugby
    • McPeak JG (2006b) Livestock marketing in Marsabit district, Kenya, over the past fifty years. In: McPeak JG, Little PD (eds) Pastoral livestock marketing in east Africa: research and policy challenges. Intermediate Technology Publications, Rugby
    • (2006) Pastoral Livestock Marketing in East Africa: Research and Policy Challenges
    • McPeak, J.G.1
  • 138
    • 33746242182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are household production decisions cooperative? Evidence on pastoral migration and milk sales from northern Kenya
    • McPeak J, Doss C (2006) Are household production decisions cooperative? Evidence on pastoral migration and milk sales from northern Kenya. Amer J Agr Econ 88:525-541
    • (2006) Amer J Agr Econ , vol.88 , pp. 525-541
    • McPeak, J.1    Doss, C.2
  • 140
    • 48249102235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Status and dynamics of the Kobresia pygmaea ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau
    • 18686506
    • Miehe G, Miehe S, Kaiser K, Jianquan L, Zhao X (2008) Status and dynamics of the Kobresia pygmaea ecosystem on the Tibetan Plateau. Ambio 37:272-279
    • (2008) Ambio , vol.37 , pp. 272-279
    • Miehe, G.1    Miehe, S.2    Kaiser, K.3    Jianquan, L.4    Zhao, X.5
  • 141
    • 34347396362 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Crisis in policy, policy in crisis: Understanding environmental discourse and resource use conflict in northern Nigeria
    • Milligan S, Binns T (2007) Crisis in policy, policy in crisis: understanding environmental discourse and resource use conflict in northern Nigeria. Geogr J 173:143-156
    • (2007) Geogr J , vol.173 , pp. 143-156
    • Milligan, S.1    Binns, T.2
  • 142
    • 53849099613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competing paradigms in pastoral development? A perspective from the Far North of Cameroon
    • 10.1016/j.worlddev.2007.10.015
    • Moritz M (2008) Competing paradigms in pastoral development? A perspective from the Far North of Cameroon. World Dev 36:2243-2254. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2007.10.015
    • (2008) World Dev , vol.36 , pp. 2243-2254
    • Moritz, M.1
  • 143
    • 22244436968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does the Sahelian smallholder's management of woodland, farm trees, rangeland support the hypothesis of human-induced desertification?
    • Mortimore M, Turner B (2005) Does the Sahelian smallholder's management of woodland, farm trees, rangeland support the hypothesis of human-induced desertification? J Arid Environ 63:567-595
    • (2005) J Arid Environ , vol.63 , pp. 567-595
    • Mortimore, M.1    Turner, B.2
  • 144
    • 38049160125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of climate change on smallholder and subsistence agriculture
    • 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXitFSlsA%3D%3D 2148357 18077400
    • Morton J (2007) The impact of climate change on smallholder and subsistence agriculture. PNAS 104:19680-19685
    • (2007) PNAS , vol.104 , pp. 19680-19685
    • Morton, J.1
  • 145
    • 50449111477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Communal area grazing strategies: Institutions and traditional practices
    • 10.2989/AJRFS.2008.25.2.2.481
    • Moyo B, Dube S, Lesoli M, Masika P (2008) Communal area grazing strategies: institutions and traditional practices. Afr J Range Forage Sci 25:47-54. doi: 10.2989/AJRFS.2008.25.2.2.481
    • (2008) Afr J Range Forage Sci , vol.25 , pp. 47-54
    • Moyo, B.1    Dube, S.2    Lesoli, M.3    Masika, P.4
  • 146
    • 42049083518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of abandoned pastoral settlements in the dynamics of African large herbivore communities
    • 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.11.012
    • Muchiru AN, Western DJ, Reid RS (2008) The role of abandoned pastoral settlements in the dynamics of African large herbivore communities. J Arid Environ 72:940-952. doi: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.11.012
    • (2008) J Arid Environ , vol.72 , pp. 940-952
    • Muchiru, A.N.1    Western, D.J.2    Reid, R.S.3
  • 148
    • 39049149990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning from local knowledge: Modeling the pastoral nomadic range management of the Himba, Namibia
    • 17974327
    • Muller B, Anja L, Karin F, Michael B, Christian W (2007a) Learning from local knowledge: modeling the pastoral nomadic range management of the Himba, Namibia. Ecol Appl 17:1857-1875
    • (2007) Ecol Appl , vol.17 , pp. 1857-1875
    • Muller, B.1    Anja, L.2    Karin, F.3    Michael, B.4    Christian, W.5
  • 149
    • 33751171574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relevance of rest periods in non-equilibrium rangeland systems a modelling analysis
    • Muller BK, Frank K, Wissel C (2007b) Relevance of rest periods in non-equilibrium rangeland systems a modelling analysis. Agric Syst 92:295-317
    • (2007) Agric Syst , vol.92 , pp. 295-317
    • Muller, B.K.1    Frank, K.2    Wissel, C.3
  • 150
    • 60949093375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nguni cattle marketing constraints and opportunities in the communal areas of South Africa: Review
    • Musemwa L, Mushunje A, Chimonyo M, Fraser G, Mapiye C, Muchenje V (2008) Nguni cattle marketing constraints and opportunities in the communal areas of South Africa: review. Afr J Agric Res 3:239-245
    • (2008) Afr J Agric Res , vol.3 , pp. 239-245
    • Musemwa, L.1    Mushunje, A.2    Chimonyo, M.3    Fraser, G.4    Mapiye, C.5    Muchenje, V.6
  • 151
    • 36348966659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The puzzle of group ranch subdivision in Kenya's Maasailand
    • Mwangi E (2007a) The puzzle of group ranch subdivision in Kenya's Maasailand. Dev Chang 38:889-910
    • (2007) Dev Chang , vol.38 , pp. 889-910
    • Mwangi, E.1
  • 152
    • 34247147564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Subdividing the commons: Distributional conflict in the transition from collective to individual property rights in Kenya's Maasailand
    • 10.1016/j.worlddev.2006.09.012
    • Mwangi E (2007b) Subdividing the commons: distributional conflict in the transition from collective to individual property rights in Kenya's Maasailand. World Dev 35:815-834. doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2006.09.012
    • (2007) World Dev , vol.35 , pp. 815-834
    • Mwangi, E.1
  • 153
    • 38749103492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Securing access to dry lands resources for multiple users in Africa: A review of recent research
    • 10.1016/j.landusepol.2007.07.002
    • Mwangi E, Dohrn S (2008) Securing access to dry lands resources for multiple users in Africa: a review of recent research. Land Use Policy 25:240-248. doi: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2007.07.002
    • (2008) Land Use Policy , vol.25 , pp. 240-248
    • Mwangi, E.1    Dohrn, S.2
  • 154
    • 67649497123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Top-down solutions: Looking up from east Africa's range lands
    • Mwangi E, Ostrom E (2009) Top-down solutions: looking up from east Africa's range lands. Environment 51:34-44
    • (2009) Environment , vol.51 , pp. 34-44
    • Mwangi, E.1    Ostrom, E.2
  • 155
    • 33846281928 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat shift and time budget of the Tibetan argali: The influence of livestock grazing
    • Namgail T, Fox JL, Bhatnagar YV (2007a) Habitat shift and time budget of the Tibetan argali: the influence of livestock grazing. Ecol Res 22:25-31
    • (2007) Ecol Res , vol.22 , pp. 25-31
    • Namgail, T.1    Fox, J.L.2    Bhatnagar, Y.V.3
  • 156
    • 34250341264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pastoral nomads of the Indian Changthang: Production system, land use and socioeconomic changes
    • Namgail T, Bhatnagar YV, Mishra C, Bagchi S (2007b) Pastoral nomads of the Indian Changthang: production system, land use and socioeconomic changes. Hum Ecol 35:497-504
    • (2007) Hum Ecol , vol.35 , pp. 497-504
    • Namgail, T.1    Bhatnagar, Y.V.2    Mishra, C.3    Bagchi, S.4
  • 157
    • 84960528240 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic implications of the livestock industrialization process: How will smallholders fare?
    • H. Steinfeld H.A. Mooney F. Schneider (eds) Island Press Washington D.C
    • Narrod C, Tiongco M, Delgado C (2010) socioeconomic implications of the livestock industrialization process: How will smallholders fare? In: Steinfeld H, Mooney HA, Schneider F (eds) Livestock in a changing landscape, vol. 2. Island Press, Washington D.C
    • (2010) Livestock in A Changing Landscape, Vol. 2
    • Narrod, C.1    Tiongco, M.2    Delgado, C.3
  • 158
    • 84975230193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural conservationists? Evaluating the impact of pastoralist land use practices on Tanzania's wildlife economy
    • 10.1186/2041-7136-2-15
    • Nelson F (2012) Natural conservationists? Evaluating the impact of pastoralist land use practices on Tanzania's wildlife economy. Pastoralism: Research, Policy and Practice 2:15. doi: 10.1186/2041-7136-2-15
    • (2012) Pastoralism: Research, Policy and Practice , vol.2 , pp. 15
    • Nelson, F.1
  • 159
    • 37049028527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptation to environmental change: Contributions of a resilience framework
    • Nelson DR, Adger W, Brown K (2007) Adaptation to environmental change: contributions of a resilience framework. Annu Rev Environ Resour 32:395-419
    • (2007) Annu Rev Environ Resour , vol.32 , pp. 395-419
    • Nelson, D.R.1    Adger, W.2    Brown, K.3
  • 160
    • 0032859667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population, nomadic pastoralism and the environment in the Mongolian Plateau
    • Neupert RF (1999) Population, nomadic pastoralism and the environment in the Mongolian Plateau. Popul Environ 20:413-442
    • (1999) Popul Environ , vol.20 , pp. 413-442
    • Neupert, R.F.1
  • 161
    • 40749159102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecological and social characterization of key resource areas in Kenyan rangelands
    • 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.09.009
    • Ngugi MK, Conant RT (2008) Ecological and social characterization of key resource areas in Kenyan rangelands. J Arid Environ 72:820-835. doi: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.09.009
    • (2008) J Arid Environ , vol.72 , pp. 820-835
    • Ngugi, M.K.1    Conant, R.T.2
  • 163
    • 33845741642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stream communities along a catchment land-use gradient: Subsidy-stress responses to pastoral development
    • 17160511
    • Niyogi D, Mark K, Chris J, Colin R (2007) Stream communities along a catchment land-use gradient: subsidy-stress responses to pastoral development. Environ Manage 39:213-225
    • (2007) Environ Manage , vol.39 , pp. 213-225
    • Niyogi, D.1    Mark, K.2    Chris, J.3    Colin, R.4
  • 166
    • 55249101047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of land use on the biodiversity integrity of the moist sub-biome of the grassland biome South Africa
    • O'Connor T, Kuyler P (2009) Impact of land use on the biodiversity integrity of the moist sub-biome of the grassland biome South Africa. J Environ Manag 90:384-395
    • (2009) J Environ Manag , vol.90 , pp. 384-395
    • O'Connor, T.1    Kuyler, P.2
  • 168
    • 41049100685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Framework for participatory assessments and implementation of global environmental conventions at the community level
    • Oba G, Sjaastad E, Roba H (2008) Framework for participatory assessments and implementation of global environmental conventions at the community level. Land degrad develop 19:65-76
    • (2008) Land Degrad Develop , vol.19 , pp. 65-76
    • Oba, G.1    Sjaastad, E.2    Roba, H.3
  • 169
    • 15244353132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of pastoralism and protection on the density and distribution of carnivores and their prey in the Mara ecosystem of Kenya
    • Ogutu J, Nina B, Robin R (2005) The effects of pastoralism and protection on the density and distribution of carnivores and their prey in the Mara ecosystem of Kenya. J ZoolLond 265:281-293
    • (2005) J ZoolLond , vol.265 , pp. 281-293
    • Ogutu, J.1    Nina, B.2    Robin, R.3
  • 170
    • 35748935528 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatially heterogeneous impacts on rangeland after social system change in Mongolia
    • Okayasu T, Muto M, Jamsran U, Takeuchi K (2007) Spatially heterogeneous impacts on rangeland after social system change in Mongolia. Land Degrad Develop 18:555-566
    • (2007) Land Degrad Develop , vol.18 , pp. 555-566
    • Okayasu, T.1    Muto, M.2    Jamsran, U.3    Takeuchi, K.4
  • 171
    • 0011774489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The danger of self-evident truths
    • Ostrom E (2000) The danger of self-evident truths. Political Sci Polit 33:33-44
    • (2000) Political Sci Polit , vol.33 , pp. 33-44
    • Ostrom, E.1
  • 172
    • 0033537737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revisiting the commons: Local lessons, global challenges
    • 10.1126/science.284.5412.278
    • Ostrom E, Burger J, Field C, Policasky D (1999) Revisiting the commons: local lessons, global challenges. Science 9(284):278-282. doi: 10.1126/science.284.5412.278
    • (1999) Science , vol.9 , Issue.284 , pp. 278-282
    • Ostrom, E.1    Burger, J.2    Field, C.3    Policasky, D.4
  • 173
    • 38149029247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One leg or two? Food security and pastoralism in the northern Sahel
    • 10.1007/s10745-007-9136-3
    • Pedersen J, Benjaminsen T (2008) One leg or two? Food security and pastoralism in the northern Sahel. Hum Ecol 36:43-57. doi: 10.1007/s10745-007- 9136-3
    • (2008) Hum Ecol , vol.36 , pp. 43-57
    • Pedersen, J.1    Benjaminsen, T.2
  • 174
    • 48749106375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Change and continuity in a pastoralist community in the high Peruvian Andes
    • Postigo JC, Young KR, Crews KA (2008) Change and continuity in a pastoralist community in the high Peruvian Andes. Hum Ecol 36:535-551
    • (2008) Hum Ecol , vol.36 , pp. 535-551
    • Postigo, J.C.1    Young, K.R.2    Crews, K.A.3
  • 176
  • 177
    • 55949087130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of cattle prices in southern Kenya: Implications for breed conservation and pastoral marketing strategies
    • J. McPeak D. Little (eds) Intermediate Technology Publications Rugby
    • Radeny M, Kristjanson P, Ruto E, Scarpa R, Wakhungu J (2006) Determinants of cattle prices in southern Kenya: implications for breed conservation and pastoral marketing strategies. In: McPeak J, Little PD (eds) Pastoral livestock marketing in east Africa: research and policy challenges. Intermediate Technology Publications, Rugby
    • (2006) Pastoral Livestock Marketing in East Africa: Research and Policy Challenges
    • Radeny, M.1    Kristjanson, P.2    Ruto, E.3    Scarpa, R.4    Wakhungu, J.5
  • 178
    • 41549132740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The agistment market in the northern Australian rangelands: Failings and opportunities
    • 10.1071/RJ06042
    • Reeson AF, McAllister R, Whitten S, Gordon I, Nicholas M, McDouall S (2008) The agistment market in the northern Australian rangelands: failings and opportunities. Rangel J 30:283-289. doi: 10.1071/RJ06042
    • (2008) Rangel J , vol.30 , pp. 283-289
    • Reeson, A.F.1    McAllister, R.2    Whitten, S.3    Gordon, I.4    Nicholas, M.5    McDouall, S.6
  • 179
    • 33646563156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impacts of grazing and rainfall variability on the dynamics of a Sahelian rangeland revisited (Hein, 2006); New insights from old data
    • Retzer V (2006) Impacts of grazing and rainfall variability on the dynamics of a Sahelian rangeland revisited (Hein, 2006); New insights from old data. J Arid Environ 67:157-164
    • (2006) J Arid Environ , vol.67 , pp. 157-164
    • Retzer, V.1
  • 180
    • 24944554469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the dynamics of grazing systems in the semi-arid succulent Karoo: The relevance of equilibrium and non-equilibrium concepts to the sustainability of semi-arid pastoral systems
    • 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.02.001
    • Richardson FD, Hahn BD, Hoffman MT (2005) On the dynamics of grazing systems in the semi-arid succulent Karoo: the relevance of equilibrium and non-equilibrium concepts to the sustainability of semi-arid pastoral systems. Ecol Model 187:491-512. doi: 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2005.02.001
    • (2005) Ecol Model , vol.187 , pp. 491-512
    • Richardson, F.D.1    Hahn, B.D.2    Hoffman, M.T.3
  • 181
    • 34249308468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling the sustainability and productivity of pastoral systems in the communal areas of Namaqualand
    • 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.07.013
    • Richardson FD, Hahn BD, Hoffman MT (2007) Modelling the sustainability and productivity of pastoral systems in the communal areas of Namaqualand. J Arid Environ 70:701-717. doi: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2006.07.013
    • (2007) J Arid Environ , vol.70 , pp. 701-717
    • Richardson, F.D.1    Hahn, B.D.2    Hoffman, M.T.3
  • 182
    • 84975508651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lessons on the relationship between livestock husbandry and biodiversity from the Kenya long-term exclosure experiment
    • 10.1186/2041-7136-2-10
    • Riginos C, Porensky L, Veblen K et al (2012) Lessons on the relationship between livestock husbandry and biodiversity from the Kenya long-term exclosure experiment. Pastoralism: Res, Policy Prac 2:10. doi: 10.1186/2041-7136-2-10
    • (2012) Pastoralism: Res, Policy Prac , vol.2 , pp. 10
    • Riginos, C.1    Porensky, L.2    Veblen, K.3
  • 183
    • 66549114471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modernization and pasture degradation: A comparative study of two Sámi reindeer pasture regions in Norway
    • 10.3368/le.85.1.87
    • Riseth J, Vatn A (2009) Modernization and pasture degradation: a comparative study of two Sámi reindeer pasture regions in Norway. Land Economics 85:87-106. doi: 10.3368/le.85.1.87
    • (2009) Land Economics , vol.85 , pp. 87-106
    • Riseth, J.1    Vatn, A.2
  • 184
    • 47549103492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integration of herder knowledge and ecological methods for land degradation assessment around sedentary settlements in a sub-humid zone in northern Kenya, Intern
    • 10.3843/SusDev.15.3:8
    • Roba H, Oba G (2008) Integration of herder knowledge and ecological methods for land degradation assessment around sedentary settlements in a sub-humid zone in northern Kenya, Intern. J Sust Devt World Ecol 15:251-264. doi: 10.3843/SusDev.15.3:8
    • (2008) J Sust Devt World Ecol , vol.15 , pp. 251-264
    • Roba, H.1    Oba, G.2
  • 185
    • 33645850125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of grazing policy and practice: Environmental and social impacts in three communal areas of southern Africa
    • 10.1016/j.envsci.2005.11.009
    • Rohde R, Moleele N, Mphale M, Allsopp N, Chanda R, Hoffman MT, Magole L, Young E (2006) Dynamics of grazing policy and practice: environmental and social impacts in three communal areas of southern Africa. Enviro Sci Policy 9:302-316. doi: 10.1016/j.envsci.2005.11.009
    • (2006) Enviro Sci Policy , vol.9 , pp. 302-316
    • Rohde, R.1    Moleele, N.2    Mphale, M.3    Allsopp, N.4    Chanda, R.5    Hoffman, M.T.6    Magole, L.7    Young, E.8
  • 186
    • 76149135554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do higher meat and milk prices adversely affect poor people?
    • Rosegrant M, Thornton PK (2008) Do higher meat and milk prices adversely affect poor people? id21 insights 72:4
    • (2008) Id21 Insights , vol.72 , pp. 4
    • Rosegrant, M.1    Thornton, P.K.2
  • 187
    • 0001438618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are East African pastoralists truly conservationists?
    • 10539943
    • Ruttan L, Borgerhoff MM (1999) Are East African pastoralists truly conservationists? Curr Anthropol 40:621-652
    • (1999) Curr Anthropol , vol.40 , pp. 621-652
    • Ruttan, L.1    Borgerhoff, M.M.2
  • 188
    • 34249301684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of resource use by livestock during and after drought on the commons of Namaqualand, South Africa
    • Samuels M, Allsopp N, Knight R (2007) Patterns of resource use by livestock during and after drought on the commons of Namaqualand, South Africa. J Arid Environ 70:728-739
    • (2007) J Arid Environ , vol.70 , pp. 728-739
    • Samuels, M.1    Allsopp, N.2    Knight, R.3
  • 191
    • 33646591506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opportunistic and conservative pastoral strategies: Some economic arguments
    • Sandford S, Scoones I (2006) Opportunistic and conservative pastoral strategies: some economic arguments. Ecol Econ 58:1-16
    • (2006) Ecol Econ , vol.58 , pp. 1-16
    • Sandford, S.1    Scoones, I.2
  • 192
    • 33645004589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pastoralist responses to floodplain rehabilitation in north Cameroon
    • 10.1007/s10745-005-9001-1
    • Scholte P, Saidou K, Mark M, Herbert P (2006) Pastoralist responses to floodplain rehabilitation in north Cameroon. Hum Ecol 34:27-51. doi: 10.1007/s10745-005-9001-1
    • (2006) Hum Ecol , vol.34 , pp. 27-51
    • Scholte, P.1    Saidou, K.2    Mark, M.3    Herbert, P.4
  • 194
    • 84895804070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is pastoralism a viable livelihood option?
    • Scoones I (2008) Is pastoralism a viable livelihood option? ID21 Insights 72:6
    • (2008) ID21 Insights , vol.72 , pp. 6
    • Scoones, I.1
  • 196
    • 0000824501 scopus 로고
    • The evolution of relationship marketing
    • Sheth JN, Parvatiyar A (1995) The evolution of relationship marketing. Int Bus Rev 4:397-418
    • (1995) Int Bus Rev , vol.4 , pp. 397-418
    • Sheth, J.N.1    Parvatiyar, A.2
  • 197
    • 51549108288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beyond the desertification narrative: A framework for agricultural drought in semiarid East Africa
    • Slegers M, Stroosnijder L (2008) Beyond the desertification narrative: a framework for agricultural drought in semiarid East Africa. Ambio 37:5
    • (2008) Ambio , vol.37 , pp. 5
    • Slegers, M.1    Stroosnijder, L.2
  • 198
    • 20444442414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of the effects of different rangeland management systems on plant species composition, diversity and vegetation structure in a semi-arid savanna
    • Smet M, Ward D (2005) A comparison of the effects of different rangeland management systems on plant species composition, diversity and vegetation structure in a semi-arid savanna. Afr J Range Forage Sci 22:59-71
    • (2005) Afr J Range Forage Sci , vol.22 , pp. 59-71
    • Smet, M.1    Ward, D.2
  • 199
    • 33746185501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptation, adaptive capacity and vulnerability
    • Smit B, Wandel J (2006) Adaptation, adaptive capacity and vulnerability. Glob Environ Chang 16(3):282-292
    • (2006) Glob Environ Chang , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 282-292
    • Smit, B.1    Wandel, J.2
  • 200
    • 41549142604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Managing arid zone natural resources in Australia for spatial and temporal variability - An approach from first principles
    • 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXitVWnsb0%3D
    • Smith M, McAllister R (2008) Managing arid zone natural resources in Australia for spatial and temporal variability - an approach from first principles. Rangel J 30:15-27
    • (2008) Rangel J , vol.30 , pp. 15-27
    • Smith, M.1    McAllister, R.2
  • 201
    • 33845607268 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cattle-rangeland management practices and perceptions of pastoralists towards rangeland degradation in the Borana zone of southern Ethiopia
    • 10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.01.008 1:STN:280:DC%2BD28jltFOqsg%3D%3D
    • Solomon T, Snyman HA, Smit GN (2007) Cattle-rangeland management practices and perceptions of pastoralists towards rangeland degradation in the Borana zone of southern Ethiopia. J Environ Manag 82:481-494. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.01.008
    • (2007) J Environ Manag , vol.82 , pp. 481-494
    • Solomon, T.1    Snyman, H.A.2    Smit, G.N.3
  • 202
    • 84889609471 scopus 로고
    • Towards a generative model of nomadism
    • Spooner B (1971) Towards a generative model of nomadism. Anthropol Q 44:198-210
    • (1971) Anthropol Q , vol.44 , pp. 198-210
    • Spooner, B.1
  • 203
    • 33750737438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Livestock production systems in developing countries: Status, drivers, trends
    • 1:STN:280:DC%2BD28nmtVantw%3D%3D
    • Steinfeld H, Wassenaar T, Jutzi S (2006) Livestock production systems in developing countries: status, drivers, trends. Rev Sci Tech Off Int Epiz 25:505-516
    • (2006) Rev Sci Tech off Int Epiz , vol.25 , pp. 505-516
    • Steinfeld, H.1    Wassenaar, T.2    Jutzi, S.3
  • 205
    • 43849113904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Environmental challenges in Mongolia's dry land pastoral landscape
    • 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007.12.016
    • Sternberg T (2008) Environmental challenges in Mongolia's dry land pastoral landscape. J Arid Environ 72:1294-1304. doi: 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2007. 12.016
    • (2008) J Arid Environ , vol.72 , pp. 1294-1304
    • Sternberg, T.1
  • 206
    • 0033502210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impacts of people and livestock on topographically diverse open wood and shrub lands in arid north-west Namibia
    • Sullivan S (1999) The impacts of people and livestock on topographically diverse open wood and shrub lands in arid north-west Namibia. Glob Ecol Biogeogr Lett 8:257-277
    • (1999) Glob Ecol Biogeogr Lett , vol.8 , pp. 257-277
    • Sullivan, S.1
  • 207
    • 0036947288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On non-equilibrium in arid and semi arid grazing systems
    • 10.1046/j.1365-2699.2002.00799.x
    • Sullivan S, Rohde R (2002) On non-equilibrium in arid and semi arid grazing systems. J Biogeogr 29:1-26. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2699.2002.00799.x
    • (2002) J Biogeogr , vol.29 , pp. 1-26
    • Sullivan, S.1    Rohde, R.2
  • 209
    • 23044524820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Customer satisfaction: A meta-analysis of the empirical evidence
    • Szymanski DM, Henard DH (2001) Customer satisfaction: a meta-analysis of the empirical evidence. J Acad Mark Sci 29:16-35
    • (2001) J Acad Mark Sci , vol.29 , pp. 16-35
    • Szymanski, D.M.1    Henard, D.H.2
  • 211
    • 33846813706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling soil erosion by grazing: Recent developments and new approaches
    • Thornes J (2007) Modelling soil erosion by grazing: recent developments and new approaches. Geogr Res 45:13-26
    • (2007) Geogr Res , vol.45 , pp. 13-26
    • Thornes, J.1
  • 212
    • 29544440439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modelling the impacts of group ranch subdivision on households in Kajiado, Kenya
    • 10.1016/j.agsy.2005.03.001
    • Thornton PK, Burnsilver SB, Boone RB, Galvin KA (2006) Modelling the impacts of group ranch subdivision on households in Kajiado, Kenya. Agric Syst 87:331-356. doi: 10.1016/j.agsy.2005.03.001
    • (2006) Agric Syst , vol.87 , pp. 331-356
    • Thornton, P.K.1    Burnsilver, S.B.2    Boone, R.B.3    Galvin, K.A.4
  • 214
    • 67849121311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impacts of climate change on livestock and livestock systems in developing countries: A review of what we know and what we need to know
    • 10.1016/j.agsy.2009.05.002
    • Thornton PK, van de Steeg J, Notenbaert A, Herrero M (2009) The impacts of climate change on livestock and livestock systems in developing countries: a review of what we know and what we need to know. Agric Syst 101:113-127. doi: 10.1016/j.agsy.2009.05.002
    • (2009) Agric Syst , vol.101 , pp. 113-127
    • Thornton, P.K.1    Van De Steeg, J.2    Notenbaert, A.3    Herrero, M.4
  • 215
    • 19144362508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When and how far is group formation a route out of chronic poverty?
    • Thorp R, Stewart F, Heyer A (2005) When and how far is group formation a route out of chronic poverty? World Dev 33:907-920
    • (2005) World Dev , vol.33 , pp. 907-920
    • Thorp, R.1    Stewart, F.2    Heyer, A.3
  • 216
    • 0031428777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Farmers and markets: The political economy of new paradigms
    • Timmer CP (1997) Farmers and markets: the political economy of new paradigms. Am J Agric Econ 79:621-627
    • (1997) Am J Agric Econ , vol.79 , pp. 621-627
    • Timmer, C.P.1
  • 218
    • 38549172130 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing access to labor, pastures, and knowledge: The extensification of grazing management in SudanoSahelian West Africa
    • 10.1007/s10745-007-9149-y
    • Turner MD, Hiernaux P (2008) Changing access to labor, pastures, and knowledge: the extensification of grazing management in SudanoSahelian West Africa. Hum Ecol 36:59-80. doi: 10.1007/s10745-007-9149-y
    • (2008) Hum Ecol , vol.36 , pp. 59-80
    • Turner, M.D.1    Hiernaux, P.2
  • 219
    • 0036226588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Livestock market dynamics and local vulnerabilities in the Sahel
    • Turner M, Williams T (2002) Livestock market dynamics and local vulnerabilities in the Sahel. World Dev 30:683-705
    • (2002) World Dev , vol.30 , pp. 683-705
    • Turner, M.1    Williams, T.2
  • 220
    • 38049134453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emergence of land change science for global environmental change and sustainability
    • 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXksVyhug%3D%3D 2409212 18093934
    • Turner B, Eric F, Anette R (2007) The emergence of land change science for global environmental change and sustainability. PNAS 104:20666-20671
    • (2007) PNAS , vol.104 , pp. 20666-20671
    • Turner, B.1    Eric, F.2    Anette, R.3
  • 221
    • 34248598583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saami reindeer pastoralism under climate change: Applying a generalized framework for vulnerability studies to a subarctic social ecological system
    • 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.06.001
    • Tyler NJ, Turi JM, Sundset M et al (2007) Saami reindeer pastoralism under climate change: applying a generalized framework for vulnerability studies to a subarctic social ecological system. Glob Environ Chang 17:191-206. doi: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2006.06.001
    • (2007) Glob Environ Chang , vol.17 , pp. 191-206
    • Tyler, N.J.1    Turi, J.M.2    Sundset, M.3
  • 222
    • 33747159084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing conflict resolution institutions in the Ethiopian pastoral commons: The role of armed confrontation in rule making
    • 10.1007/s10708-005-5650-2
    • Unruh J (2005) Changing conflict resolution institutions in the Ethiopian pastoral commons: the role of armed confrontation in rule making. GeoJournal 64:225-237. doi: 10.1007/s10708-005-5650-2
    • (2005) GeoJournal , vol.64 , pp. 225-237
    • Unruh, J.1
  • 223
    • 41049085135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social capital, collective action and group formation: Developmental trajectories in post-socialist Mongolia
    • Upton C (2008) Social capital, collective action and group formation: developmental trajectories in post-socialist Mongolia. Hum Ecol 36:175-188
    • (2008) Hum Ecol , vol.36 , pp. 175-188
    • Upton, C.1
  • 224
    • 76149107457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing institutional development for livestock market participation of traditional cattle keepers in Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya
    • Verbeke W, D'Haese M, Kyeyamwa H, Opuda-Asibo J, Van Huylenbroeck G (2009) Assessing institutional development for livestock market participation of traditional cattle keepers in Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya. Outlook Agric 38:275-283
    • (2009) Outlook Agric , vol.38 , pp. 275-283
    • Verbeke, W.1    D'Haese, M.2    Kyeyamwa, H.3    Opuda-Asibo, J.4    Van Huylenbroeck, G.5
  • 225
    • 34147208925 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing grazing systems in central north Namibia
    • 10.1002/ldr.769
    • Verlinden A, Kruger A (2007) Changing grazing systems in central north Namibia. Land degrad develop 18:179-197. doi: 10.1002/ldr.769
    • (2007) Land Degrad Develop , vol.18 , pp. 179-197
    • Verlinden, A.1    Kruger, A.2
  • 226
    • 17644406067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rangelands at equilibrium and non-equilibrium: Recent developments in the debate
    • 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2004.11.015
    • Vetter S (2005) Rangelands at equilibrium and non-equilibrium: recent developments in the debate. J Arid Environ 62:321-341. doi: 10.1016/j.jaridenv. 2004.11.015
    • (2005) J Arid Environ , vol.62 , pp. 321-341
    • Vetter, S.1
  • 227
    • 33646241520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of land tenure, geology and topography on vegetation and soils of two grassland types in South Africa
    • Vetter S, Goqwana WM, Bond WJ, Trollope W (2006) Effects of land tenure, geology and topography on vegetation and soils of two grassland types in South Africa. Afr J Range Forage Sci 23:13-27
    • (2006) Afr J Range Forage Sci , vol.23 , pp. 13-27
    • Vetter, S.1    Goqwana, W.M.2    Bond, W.J.3    Trollope, W.4
  • 228
    • 0029486667 scopus 로고
    • Agricultural commercialization: Impacts on income and nutritional and implications for policy
    • von Braun J (1995) Agricultural commercialization: impacts on income and nutritional and implications for policy. Food Policy 20:187-202
    • (1995) Food Policy , vol.20 , pp. 187-202
    • Von Braun, J.1
  • 229
    • 48449097505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development interventions, changing livelihoods, and the making of female Maasai pastoralists
    • Wangui E (2008) Development interventions, changing livelihoods, and the making of female Maasai pastoralists. Agric Hum Values 25:365-378
    • (2008) Agric Hum Values , vol.25 , pp. 365-378
    • Wangui, E.1
  • 230
    • 0001289554 scopus 로고
    • Changing understandings of African pastoralism and the nature of environmental paradigms
    • Warren A (1995) Changing understandings of African pastoralism and the nature of environmental paradigms. Trans Inst Br Geogr 20:193-203
    • (1995) Trans Inst Br Geogr , vol.20 , pp. 193-203
    • Warren, A.1
  • 231
    • 22244452066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The policy implications of Sahelian change
    • Warren A (2005) The policy implications of Sahelian change. J Arid Environ 63:660-670
    • (2005) J Arid Environ , vol.63 , pp. 660-670
    • Warren, A.1
  • 232
    • 34247184237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relevance of rangeland degradation in semiarid northeastern South Africa to the non-equilibrium theory
    • 17494399
    • Wessels KJ, Prince AS, Carroll M, Malherbe J (2007) Relevance of rangeland degradation in semiarid northeastern South Africa to the non-equilibrium theory. Ecol Appl 17:815-827
    • (2007) Ecol Appl , vol.17 , pp. 815-827
    • Wessels, K.J.1    Prince, A.S.2    Carroll, M.3    Malherbe, J.4
  • 233
    • 0016664731 scopus 로고
    • The rationale of nomad economy
    • Widstrand C (1975) The rationale of nomad economy. Ambio 4:146-153
    • (1975) Ambio , vol.4 , pp. 146-153
    • Widstrand, C.1
  • 235
    • 77955927336 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lifestyle and herding practices of Bahima pastoralists in Uganda
    • Wurzinger M, Ndumu D, Okeyo A, Sölkner J (2008) Lifestyle and herding practices of Bahima pastoralists in Uganda. Afr J Agric Res 3:542-548
    • (2008) Afr J Agric Res , vol.3 , pp. 542-548
    • Wurzinger, M.1    Ndumu, D.2    Okeyo, A.3    Sölkner, J.4
  • 236
    • 82555176353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of continuity and change in pastoral subsistence among the Rendille in northern Kenya: With special reference to livestock management and responses to socio-economic change
    • Xiaogang S (2005) Dynamics of continuity and change in pastoral subsistence among the Rendille in northern Kenya: with special reference to livestock management and responses to socio-economic change. Afr Study Monogr 31:1-94
    • (2005) Afr Study Monogr , vol.31 , pp. 1-94
    • Xiaogang, S.1
  • 237
    • 51349092576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dryland characteristics and its optimized eco-productive paradigms for sustainable development in China
    • 10.1111/j.1477-8947.2008.00201.x
    • Yang X, Longjun C, Xinshi Z (2008) Dryland characteristics and its optimized eco-productive paradigms for sustainable development in China. Nat Res Forum 32:215-227. doi: 10.1111/j.1477-8947.2008.00201.x
    • (2008) Nat Res Forum , vol.32 , pp. 215-227
    • Yang, X.1    Longjun, C.2    Xinshi, Z.3
  • 238
    • 47549090041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agricultural heritage in disintegration: Trends of agropastoral transhumance on the southeast Tibetan Plateau
    • Yi S, Wu N, Luo P, Wang Q, Shi F, Zhang Q, Ma J (2008) Agricultural heritage in disintegration: trends of agropastoral transhumance on the southeast Tibetan Plateau. Intern J Sust Devt World Ecol 15:273-282
    • (2008) Intern J Sust Devt World Ecol , vol.15 , pp. 273-282
    • Yi, S.1    Wu, N.2    Luo, P.3    Wang, Q.4    Shi, F.5    Zhang, Q.6    Ma, J.7
  • 239
    • 84879842468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attitudes of livestock keepers to breeding strategies: Threats and opportunities for on-farm conservation of the Borana cattle breed
    • Zander KK (2011) Attitudes of livestock keepers to breeding strategies: threats and opportunities for on-farm conservation of the Borana cattle breed. J Agric Sci 3:3-12
    • (2011) J Agric Sci , vol.3 , pp. 3-12
    • Zander, K.K.1
  • 240
    • 33947420035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mongolian nomadic culture and ecological culture: On the ecological reconstruction in the agro-pastoral mosaic zone in Northern China
    • Zhang MD, Borjigin EB, Zhang H (2007) Mongolian nomadic culture and ecological culture: on the ecological reconstruction in the agro-pastoral mosaic zone in Northern China. Ecol Econ 62:19-26
    • (2007) Ecol Econ , vol.62 , pp. 19-26
    • Zhang, M.D.1    Borjigin, E.B.2    Zhang, H.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.