메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 36, Issue 1, 2008, Pages 59-80

Changing access to labor, pastures, and knowledge: The extensification of grazing management in Sudano-Sahelian West Africa

Author keywords

Labor shortage; Nonequilibrium ecology; Pastoralism; Political ecology; Rangeland management; West Africa

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; GRAZING MANAGEMENT; LABOR; LIVESTOCK; LIVESTOCK FARMING; PASTORALISM; PASTURE; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 38549172130     PISSN: 03007839     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10745-007-9149-y     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (51)

References (72)
  • 1
    • 21344436108 scopus 로고
    • Dynamics of Herd Structures and Herding Strategies in West Africa: A Study of Market Integration and Ecological Adaptation
    • Amanor, K. S. (1995). Dynamics of Herd Structures and Herding Strategies in West Africa: A Study of Market Integration and Ecological Adaptation. Africa 65(3): 351-394.
    • (1995) Africa , vol.65 , Issue.3 , pp. 351-394
    • Amanor, K.S.1
  • 3
    • 0028569301 scopus 로고
    • Hired Herders and Herd Management in Fulani Pastoralism (Northern Côte d'Ivoire)
    • Bassett, T. J. (1994). Hired Herders and Herd Management in Fulani Pastoralism (Northern Côte d'Ivoire). Cahiers d'Études Africaines 34: 147-173.
    • (1994) Cahiers D'Études Africaines , vol.34 , pp. 147-173
    • Bassett, T.J.1
  • 4
    • 33846957092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sudden Shift or Migratory Drift? Fulbe Herd Movements to the Sudano-Guinean Region of West Africa
    • Bassett, T. M., and Turner, M. D. (2007). Sudden Shift or Migratory Drift? Fulbe Herd Movements to the Sudano-Guinean Region of West Africa. Human Ecology 35: 33-49.
    • (2007) Human Ecology , vol.35 , pp. 33-49
    • Bassett, T.M.1    Turner, M.D.2
  • 5
    • 0003975150 scopus 로고
    • Institut de Recherche en Sciences Humaines, Niamey, Niger
    • Beauvilain, A. (1977). Les Peul du Dallol Bosso, Institut de Recherche en Sciences Humaines, Niamey, Niger.
    • (1977) Les Peul Du Dallol Bosso
    • Beauvilain, A.1
  • 6
    • 0004012628 scopus 로고
    • Behnke, R. H., Scoones, I., and Kerven, C. (eds.) Overseas Development Institute, London
    • Behnke, R. H., Scoones, I., and Kerven, C. (eds.) (1993). Range Ecology at Disequilibrium, Overseas Development Institute, London.
    • (1993) Range Ecology at Disequilibrium
  • 8
    • 2242489802 scopus 로고
    • Pastoral Labour and Stock Alienation in the Sub-humid and Arid Zones of West Africa
    • Overseas Development Institute, London
    • Blench, R. (1985). Pastoral Labour and Stock Alienation in the Sub-humid and Arid Zones of West Africa. Pastoral Development Network Newsletter 19e, Overseas Development Institute, London.
    • (1985) Pastoral Development Network Newsletter 19e
    • Blench, R.1
  • 9
    • 0028598095 scopus 로고
    • The Expansion and Adaptation of Fulbe Pastoralism to Subhumid and Humid Conditions in Nigeria
    • Blench, R. M. (1994). The Expansion and Adaptation of Fulbe Pastoralism to Subhumid and Humid Conditions in Nigeria. Cahiers d'Études Africaines 133-135: 197-212.
    • (1994) Cahiers D'Études Africaines , vol.133-135 , pp. 197-212
    • Blench, R.M.1
  • 10
    • 0005813441 scopus 로고
    • Évolution de la propriété animale chez les Wodaabe au Niger
    • Bonfiglioli, A. M. (1985). Évolution de la propriété animale chez les Wodaabe au Niger. Journal des Africanistes 55(1-2): 29-37.
    • (1985) Journal Des Africanistes , vol.55 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 29-37
    • Bonfiglioli, A.M.1
  • 12
    • 0025685810 scopus 로고
    • Pastoralisme, agro-pastoralisme et retour: Itinéraires sahéliens
    • Bonfiglioli, A. M. (1990). Pastoralisme, agro-pastoralisme et retour: itinéraires sahéliens. Cahiers des Sciences Humaines 26(1-2): 255-266.
    • (1990) Cahiers Des Sciences Humaines , vol.26 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 255-266
    • Bonfiglioli, A.M.1
  • 15
    • 0003640142 scopus 로고
    • Livestock, Land-use and Agricultural Intensification in Sub-Saharan Africa
    • Overseas Development Institute, London
    • Bourn, D., and Wint, W. (1994). Livestock, Land-use and Agricultural Intensification in Sub-Saharan Africa. Pastoral Development Network Paper 37a, Overseas Development Institute, London.
    • (1994) Pastoral Development Network Paper 37a
    • Bourn, D.1    Wint, W.2
  • 16
    • 0022855843 scopus 로고
    • L'expansion des éleveurs peul dans les savanes humides du Cameroun
    • In Adamu, M., and Kirk-Greene, A. H. M. (eds.) Manchester University Press, Manchester
    • Boutrais, J. (1986). L'expansion des éleveurs peul dans les savanes humides du Cameroun. In Adamu, M., and Kirk-Greene, A. H. M. (eds.), Pastoralists of the West African Savanna, Manchester University Press, Manchester, pp. 145-160.
    • (1986) Pastoralists of the West African Savanna , pp. 145-160
    • Boutrais, J.1
  • 17
    • 0021052520 scopus 로고
    • Rangeland Production and Exploitation in the Sahel
    • Breman, H., and de Wit, C. T. (1983). Rangeland Production and Exploitation in the Sahel. Science 221: 1341-1347.
    • (1983) Science , vol.221 , pp. 1341-1347
    • Breman, H.1    de Wit, C.T.2
  • 18
    • 38549114131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • L'avenir du pastoralisme dans le delta central du Niger (Mali): Agriculture, élevage, ou agropastoralisme?
    • Cissé, S. (1981). L'avenir du pastoralisme dans le delta central du Niger (Mali): Agriculture, élevage, ou agropastoralisme? Nomadic Peoples 9: 16-21.
    • Nomadic Peoples , vol.9 , pp. 16-21
    • Cissé, S.1
  • 19
    • 0034469432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Landscape Ecology of Pastoral Herding: Spatial Analysis of Land Use and Livestock Production in East Africa
    • Coppolillo, P. B. (2000). The Landscape Ecology of Pastoral Herding: Spatial Analysis of Land Use and Livestock Production in East Africa. Human Ecology 28(4): 527-560.
    • (2000) Human Ecology , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 527-560
    • Coppolillo, P.B.1
  • 21
    • 0009627528 scopus 로고
    • From Symbiosis to Polarization? Peasants and Pastoralists in Northern Benin
    • de Haan, L., van Driel, A., and Kruithof, A. (1990). From Symbiosis to Polarization? Peasants and Pastoralists in Northern Benin. The Indian Geographical Journal 65(1): 51-65.
    • (1990) The Indian Geographical Journal , vol.65 , Issue.1 , pp. 51-65
    • de Haan, L.1    van Driel, A.2    Kruithof, A.3
  • 22
    • 0000631185 scopus 로고
    • Nutrient transfers from livestock in West African agricultural systems
    • In Powell, J. M., Fernandez-Rivera, S., Williams, T. O., and Renard, C. (eds.) International Livestock Centre for Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    • de Leeuw, P. N., Reynolds, L., and Rey, B. (1995). Nutrient transfers from livestock in West African agricultural systems. In Powell, J. M., Fernandez-Rivera, S., Williams, T. O., and Renard, C. (eds.), Livestock and Sustainable Nutrient Cycling in Mixed Farming Systems of Sub-Saharan Africa, International Livestock Centre for Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, pp. 371-391.
    • (1995) Livestock and Sustainable Nutrient Cycling in Mixed Farming Systems of Sub-Saharan Africa , pp. 371-391
    • de Leeuw, P.N.1    Reynolds, L.2    Rey, B.3
  • 23
    • 0024782989 scopus 로고
    • The Changing Economic Context of Mixed Farming in Savanna West Africa: A Conceptual Framework Applied to Burkina Faso
    • Delgado, C. L. (1989). The Changing Economic Context of Mixed Farming in Savanna West Africa: A Conceptual Framework Applied to Burkina Faso. Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture 28(3/4): 351-364.
    • (1989) Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture , vol.28 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 351-364
    • Delgado, C.L.1
  • 24
    • 84953465160 scopus 로고
    • Cattle As a Store of Wealth in Swaziland: Implications for Livestock Development and Overgrazing in Eastern and Southern Africa
    • Doran, M. H., Low, A. R. C., and Kemp, R. L. (1979). Cattle As a Store of Wealth in Swaziland: Implications for Livestock Development and Overgrazing in Eastern and Southern Africa. American Journal of Agricultural Economics 61: 41-47.
    • (1979) American Journal of Agricultural Economics , vol.61 , pp. 41-47
    • Doran, M.H.1    Low, A.R.C.2    Kemp, R.L.3
  • 25
    • 0032437892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Les transferts de fertilité dus à l'élevage en zone de savane
    • Dugué, P. (1998). Les transferts de fertilité dus à l'élevage en zone de savane. Agriculture et Développement 18: 99-107.
    • (1998) Agriculture Et Développement , vol.18 , pp. 99-107
    • Dugué, P.1
  • 27
    • 0030404654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Spatial Integration of Livestock Markets in Niger
    • Fafchamps, M., and Gavian, S. (1996). The Spatial Integration of Livestock Markets in Niger. Journal of African Economics 5(3): 366-405.
    • (1996) Journal of African Economics , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 366-405
    • Fafchamps, M.1    Gavian, S.2
  • 28
    • 0000208506 scopus 로고
    • L'Élevage traditonnel des petits ruminants au Senegal. I. Pratiques de conduite et d'exploitation des animaux chez les éleveurs de la région de Kolda
    • Faugère, O., Dockes, A. C., Perrot, C., and Faugère, B. (1990a). L'Élevage traditonnel des petits ruminants au Senegal. I. Pratiques de conduite et d'exploitation des animaux chez les éleveurs de la région de Kolda. Revue Elevage Médicine Vétérinaire Pays Tropicaux 43(2): 249-259.
    • (1990) Revue Elevage Médicine Vétérinaire Pays Tropicaux , vol.43 , Issue.2 , pp. 249-259
    • Faugère, O.1    Dockes, A.C.2    Perrot, C.3    Faugère, B.4
  • 29
    • 0003677941 scopus 로고
    • L'Élevage traditonnel des petits ruminants au Senegal. II. Pratiques de conduite et d'exploitation des animaux chez les éleveurs de la région de Louga
    • Faugère, O., Dockes, A. C., Perrot, C., and Faugère, B. (1990b). L'Élevage traditonnel des petits ruminants au Senegal. II. Pratiques de conduite et d'exploitation des animaux chez les éleveurs de la région de Louga. Revue Elevage Médicine Vétérinaire Pays Tropicaux 43(2): 261-274.
    • (1990) Revue Elevage Médicine Vétérinaire Pays Tropicaux , vol.43 , Issue.2 , pp. 261-274
    • Faugère, O.1    Dockes, A.C.2    Perrot, C.3    Faugère, B.4
  • 32
    • 0342434892 scopus 로고
    • Markets and migration: A Fulbe pastoral system in Mali
    • In Galaty, J. G., and Johnson, D. L. (eds.) Guilford Press, New York
    • Grayzel, J. A. (1990). Markets and migration: A Fulbe pastoral system in Mali. In Galaty, J. G., and Johnson, D. L. (eds.), The World of Pastoralism. Herding Systems in Comparative Perspective, Guilford Press, New York, pp. 35-68.
    • (1990) The World of Pastoralism. Herding Systems in Comparative Perspective , pp. 35-68
    • Grayzel, J.A.1
  • 33
    • 0344677809 scopus 로고
    • Transfert du capital - Betail au Niger (des pasteurs aux autres catégories socio-professionelles)
    • Niamey, Niger, Secretariat Permanent du Comité National du Code Rural
    • Habou, A., and Danguioua, A. (1991). Transfert du capital - betail au Niger (des pasteurs aux autres catégories socio-professionelles). Rapport Préliminaire du mission. Niamey, Niger, Secretariat Permanent du Comité National du Code Rural.
    • (1991) Rapport Préliminaire Du Mission
    • Habou, A.1    Danguioua, A.2
  • 35
    • 22244458154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of farmer and pastoralist management practices on desertification processes in the Sahel
    • In Reynolds, J. F., and Smith, M. S. (eds.) Dahlem University Press, Berlin
    • Hiernaux, P., and Turner, M. D. (2002). The influence of farmer and pastoralist management practices on desertification processes in the Sahel. In Reynolds, J. F., and Smith, M. S. (eds.), Global Desertification. Do Humans Cause Deserts? Dahlem University Press, Berlin, pp. 135-148.
    • (2002) Global Desertification. Do Humans Cause Deserts? , pp. 135-148
    • Hiernaux, P.1    Turner, M.D.2
  • 38
    • 0344368262 scopus 로고
    • Des troupeaux sans pâturages en pays Sereer au Sénégal
    • C. Blanc-Pamard and J. Boutrais. Paris, ORSTOM
    • Lericollais, A., and Faye, A. (1994). Des troupeaux sans pâturages en pays Sereer au Sénégal. A la croisée des parcours: Pasteurs, éleveurs, cultivateurs. C. Blanc-Pamard and J. Boutrais. Paris, ORSTOM: 165-196.
    • (1994) A La Croisée Des Parcours: Pasteurs, Éleveurs, Cultivateurs , pp. 165-196
    • Lericollais, A.1    Faye, A.2
  • 40
    • 0001218729 scopus 로고
    • Transitions Between Cultivation and Pastoralism in Sub-Saharan Africa
    • Mace, R. (1993). Transitions Between Cultivation and Pastoralism in Sub-Saharan Africa. Current Anthropology 34(4): 363-382.
    • (1993) Current Anthropology , vol.34 , Issue.4 , pp. 363-382
    • Mace, R.1
  • 41
    • 0003587220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organic Matter Dynamics in Mixed-Farming Systems of the West African Savanna: A Village Case Study from South Senegal
    • Thèse de doctorat. Sciences de l'Environnement. École Nationale du Génie Rural des Eaux et Forecirc;ts. Montpellier, France
    • Manlay, R. (2000). Organic Matter Dynamics in Mixed-Farming Systems of the West African Savanna: A Village Case Study from South Senegal. Thèse de doctorat. Sciences de l'Environnement. École Nationale du Génie Rural des Eaux et Forecirc;ts. Montpellier, France.
    • (2000)
    • Manlay, R.1
  • 43
    • 0012167727 scopus 로고
    • Performances animales et pratiques d'élevage en Afrique sahélienne: La diversité du fonctionnement des troupeaux de petits ruminants dans la Communauté Rurale de Ndiagne (Sénégal)
    • L'Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon, Paris
    • Moulin, C.-H. (1993). Performances animales et pratiques d'élevage en Afrique sahélienne: La diversité du fonctionnement des troupeaux de petits ruminants dans la Communauté Rurale de Ndiagne (Sénégal). Département Élevage et Médecine Vétérinaire Tropicale, L'Institut National Agronomique Paris-Grignon, Paris.
    • (1993) Département Élevage Et Médecine Vétérinaire Tropicale
    • Moulin, C.-H.1
  • 44
    • 0003621089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Niamir-Fuller, M. (ed.) Intermediate Technology Publications, London
    • Niamir-Fuller, M. (ed.) (1999). Managing Mobility in African Rangelands. Intermediate Technology Publications, London.
    • (1999) Managing Mobility in African Rangelands
  • 45
    • 0003899901 scopus 로고
    • Penning de Vries, F. W. T., and Djitèye, M. A. (eds.) Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation, Wageningen, The Netherlands
    • Penning de Vries, F. W. T., and Djitèye, M. A. (eds.) (1982). La productivité des pâturages sahéliens. Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
    • (1982) La Productivité Des Pâturages Sahéliens
  • 46
    • 0016955992 scopus 로고
    • A Tragedy of the Commons in the Sahel
    • (May)
    • Picardi, A. C., and Siefert, W. W. (1976). A Tragedy of the Commons in the Sahel. Technology Review: 42-51 (May).
    • (1976) Technology Review , pp. 42-51
    • Picardi, A.C.1    Siefert, W.W.2
  • 49
    • 0003461227 scopus 로고
    • Livestock, Nutrient Cycling and Sustainable Agriculture in the West African Sahel
    • London, International Institute for Environment and Development
    • Powell, J. M. and T. O. Williams (1993). Livestock, Nutrient Cycling and Sustainable Agriculture in the West African Sahel. IIED Gatekeeper Series No. 37. London, International Institute for Environment and Development.
    • (1993) IIED Gatekeeper Series No. 37
    • Powell, J.M.1    Williams, T.O.2
  • 50
    • 0002057503 scopus 로고
    • Fertilisation des cultures vivrières et fertilité des sols en agriculture paysanne subsaharienne
    • Prieri, C. (1986). Fertilisation des cultures vivrières et fertilité des sols en agriculture paysanne subsaharienne. L'Agronomie Tropicale 41(1): 1-20.
    • (1986) L'Agronomie Tropicale , vol.41 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-20
    • Prieri, C.1
  • 53
    • 0024194372 scopus 로고
    • Coping with Household-level Food Insecurity in Drought-affected Areas of Burkina Faso
    • Reardon, T., Matlon, P., and Delgado, C. (1988). Coping with Household-level Food Insecurity in Drought-affected Areas of Burkina Faso. World Development 16(9): 1065-1074.
    • (1988) World Development , vol.16 , Issue.9 , pp. 1065-1074
    • Reardon, T.1    Matlon, P.2    Delgado, C.3
  • 54
    • 0020335726 scopus 로고
    • Pastoral strategies and desertification: Opportunism and conservatism in dry lands
    • In Spooner, B., and Mann, H. (eds.) Academic, London
    • Sandford, S. (1982). Pastoral strategies and desertification: opportunism and conservatism in dry lands. In Spooner, B., and Mann, H. (eds.), Desertification and Development: Dryland Ecology in Social Perspective, Academic, London, pp. 61-80.
    • (1982) Desertification and Development: Dryland Ecology in Social Perspective , pp. 61-80
    • Sandford, S.1
  • 55
    • 26244460784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mobilité régionale du bétail: Nécessité et alternatives?
    • In Tielkes, E., Schlecht, E., and Hiernaux, P. (eds.) Beuren-Stuttgart, Verlag Grauer
    • Schlecht, E., Hiernaux, P., and Turner, M. D. (2001). Mobilité régionale du bétail: Nécessité et alternatives? In Tielkes, E., Schlecht, E., and Hiernaux, P. (eds.), Elevage et gestion de parcours au Sahel, implications pour le développement. Beuren-Stuttgart, Verlag Grauer, pp. 65-77.
    • (2001) Elevage Et Gestion De Parcours Au Sahel, Implications Pour Le Développement , pp. 65-77
    • Schlecht, E.1    Hiernaux, P.2    Turner, M.D.3
  • 59
    • 0023495161 scopus 로고
    • Cattle and Inequality: Herd Size Differences and Pastoral Production Among the Fulani of Northeastern Senegal
    • Sutter, J. W. (1987). Cattle and Inequality: Herd Size Differences and Pastoral Production Among the Fulani of Northeastern Senegal. Africa 57(2): 196-218.
    • (1987) Africa , vol.57 , Issue.2 , pp. 196-218
    • Sutter, J.W.1
  • 60
    • 0003489413 scopus 로고
    • The Role of Mobility within the Risk Management Strategies of Pastoralists and Agro-pastoralists
    • International Institute for Environment and Development, London
    • Swallow, B. M. (1994). The Role of Mobility within the Risk Management Strategies of Pastoralists and Agro-pastoralists. IIED Gatekeeper Series 47. International Institute for Environment and Development, London.
    • (1994) IIED Gatekeeper Series 47
    • Swallow, B.M.1
  • 61
    • 0011389715 scopus 로고
    • Herders and farmers or farmer-herders and herder-farmers?
    • Overseas Development Institute, London
    • Toulmin, C. (1983). Herders and farmers or farmer-herders and herder-farmers? Pastoral Network Paper 15d. Overseas Development Institute, London.
    • (1983) Pastoral Network Paper 15d
    • Toulmin, C.1
  • 62
    • 0027728389 scopus 로고
    • Overstocking the Range: A Critical Analysis of the Environmental Science of Sahelian Pastoralism
    • Turner, M. D. (1993). Overstocking the Range: A Critical Analysis of the Environmental Science of Sahelian Pastoralism. Economic Geography 69(4): 402-421.
    • (1993) Economic Geography , vol.69 , Issue.4 , pp. 402-421
    • Turner, M.D.1
  • 63
    • 0001701343 scopus 로고
    • The sustainability of rangeland to cropland nutrient transfer in semi-arid West Africa: Ecological and social dimensions neglected in the debate
    • In Powell, J. M., Fernandez-Rivera, S., Williams, T. O., and Renard, C. (eds.) International Livestock Centre for Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    • Turner, M. D. (1995). The sustainability of rangeland to cropland nutrient transfer in semi-arid West Africa: Ecological and social dimensions neglected in the debate. In Powell, J. M., Fernandez-Rivera, S., Williams, T. O., and Renard, C. (eds.), Livestock and Sustainable Nutrient Cycling in Mixed Farming Systems of sub-Saharan Africa. Proceedings of an International Conference, 22-26 November 1993, International Livestock Centre for Africa, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, pp. 435-452.
    • (1995) Livestock and Sustainable Nutrient Cycling in Mixed Farming Systems of Sub-Saharan Africa. Proceedings of an International Conference, 22-26 November 1993 , pp. 435-452
    • Turner, M.D.1
  • 64
    • 0000050571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Labor Process and the Environment: The Effects of Labor Availability and Compensation on the Quality of Herding in the Sahel
    • Turner, M. D. (1999a). Labor Process and the Environment: The Effects of Labor Availability and Compensation on the Quality of Herding in the Sahel. Human Ecology 27(2): 267-296.
    • (1999) Human Ecology , vol.27 , Issue.2 , pp. 267-296
    • Turner, M.D.1
  • 65
    • 0032815796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Merging Local and Regional Analyses of Land-use Change: The Case of Livestock in the Sahel
    • Turner, M. D. (1999b). Merging Local and Regional Analyses of Land-use Change: The Case of Livestock in the Sahel. Annals of the Association of American Geographers 89(2): 191-219.
    • (1999) Annals of the Association of American Geographers , vol.89 , Issue.2 , pp. 191-219
    • Turner, M.D.1
  • 66
    • 0032747188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • No Space for Participation: Pastoralist Narratives and the Etiology of Park-herder Conflict in Southwestern Niger
    • Turner, M. D. (1999c). No Space for Participation: Pastoralist Narratives and the Etiology of Park-herder Conflict in Southwestern Niger. Land Degradation and Development 10(4): 343-361.
    • (1999) Land Degradation and Development , vol.10 , Issue.4 , pp. 343-361
    • Turner, M.D.1
  • 67
    • 0033742788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drought, Domestic Budgeting, and Changing Wealth Distribution Within Sahelian Households
    • Turner, M. D. (2000). Drought, Domestic Budgeting, and Changing Wealth Distribution Within Sahelian Households. Development and Change 31: 1009-1035.
    • (2000) Development and Change , vol.31 , pp. 1009-1035
    • Turner, M.D.1
  • 68
    • 0036918769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Use of Herders' Accounts to Map Livestock Activities Across Agropastoral Landscapes in Semi-Arid Africa
    • Turner, M. D., and Hiernaux, P. (2002). The Use of Herders' Accounts to Map Livestock Activities Across Agropastoral Landscapes in Semi-Arid Africa. Landscape Ecology 17(5): 367-385.
    • (2002) Landscape Ecology , vol.17 , Issue.5 , pp. 367-385
    • Turner, M.D.1    Hiernaux, P.2
  • 69
    • 26244465661 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Distribution of Grazing Pressure in Relation to Vegetation Resources in Semi-arid West Africa: The Role of Herding
    • Turner, M. D., Hiernaux, P., and Schlecht, E. (2005). The Distribution of Grazing Pressure in Relation to Vegetation Resources in Semi-arid West Africa: The Role of Herding. Ecosystems 8(6): 668-681.
    • (2005) Ecosystems , vol.8 , Issue.6 , pp. 668-681
    • Turner, M.D.1    Hiernaux, P.2    Schlecht, E.3
  • 70
    • 0039100738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The end of the herding contract decreasing complementary linkages between fulbe pastoralists and dendi agriculturalists in Northern Benin
    • In Azarya, V., Breedveld, A., de Bruijn, M., and van Dijk, H. (eds.) Brill, Leiden
    • van Driel, A. (1999). The end of the herding contract decreasing complementary linkages between fulbe pastoralists and dendi agriculturalists in Northern Benin. In Azarya, V., Breedveld, A., de Bruijn, M., and van Dijk, H. (eds.), Pastoralists Under Pressure? Fulbe Societies Confronting Change in West Africa, Brill, Leiden, pp. 191-210.
    • (1999) Pastoralists Under Pressure? Fulbe Societies Confronting Change in West Africa , pp. 191-210
    • van Driel, A.1
  • 71
    • 0345540108 scopus 로고
    • Changing animal ownership and access to land among the Wodaabe (Fulani) of Central Niger
    • In Baxter, P. T. W., and Hogg, R. (eds.) University of Manchester, Manchester
    • White, C. (1990). Changing animal ownership and access to land among the Wodaabe (Fulani) of Central Niger. In Baxter, P. T. W., and Hogg, R. (eds.), Property, Poverty, and People: Changing Rights in Property and Problems in Pastoral Development, University of Manchester, Manchester, pp. 240-254.
    • (1990) Property, Poverty, and People: Changing Rights in Property and Problems in Pastoral Development , pp. 240-254
    • White, C.1
  • 72
    • 45349111318 scopus 로고
    • Reproductive Performance of African Indigenous Small Ruminants Under Various Management Systems: A review
    • Wilson, R. T. (1989). Reproductive Performance of African Indigenous Small Ruminants Under Various Management Systems: A review. Animal Reproductive Science 20: 265-286.
    • (1989) Animal Reproductive Science , vol.20 , pp. 265-286
    • Wilson, R.T.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.