Crisis in policy, policy in crisis: Understanding environmental discourse and resource-use conflict in northern Nigeria

Geographical Journal

Volumn 173, Issue 2, 2007, Pages 143-156

  Milligan, Simon ^a   Binns, Tony ^b  

^a University of Otago ^*  (Sweden)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OTAGO   (New Zealand)

Author keywords

Conflict; Crisis narrative; Environment; Farmer; Nigeria; Pastoralist; Policy

Indexed keywords

CRISIS MANAGEMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL PLANNING; ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY; PASTORALISM; POLICY IMPLEMENTATION; RESOURCE USE; TWENTIETH CENTURY;

AFRICA; NIGERIA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; WEST AFRICA;

EID: 34347396362     PISSN: 00167398     EISSN: 14754959     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-4959.2007.00231.x     Document Type: Article

References (71)

1. Adams W M 1991 Large-scale irrigation in northern Nigeria: Performance and ideology Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers NS 16 287-300
2. Anglo-French Forestry Commission 1937 Report of the Anglo-French Forestry Commission, December 1936-February 1937 Nigeria Sessional Paper 37 of 1937 Government Printer, Lagos
3. Apthorpe R and Gasper D eds 1996 Arguing development policy: Frames and discourses Frank Cass, London
4. Behnke R, Scoones I and Kerven C eds 1993 Range ecology at disequilibrium: New models of natural variability and pastoral adaptation in African savannas ODI, London
5. Bello-Imam I B 1996 Local government in Nigeria: Evolving a third tier of government Heinemann Educational Books, Ibadan
6. Binns T 1990 Is desertification a myth? Geography 75 106-13
7. Binns T and Mortimore M 1989 Ecology, time and development in Kano State, Nigeria in Swindell K, Baba J and Mortimore M eds Inequality and development: Some Third World perspectives Macmillan, London 359-80
8. Brock K, Cornwall A and Gaventa J 2001 Power, knowledge and political spaces in the framing of poverty policy IDS Working Paper 143 IDS, Brighton
9. Brockington D and Homewood K 1996 Wildlife, pastoralists and science: debates concerning Mkomazi Game Reserve, Tanzania in Leach M and Mearns R eds The lie of the land: Challenging received wisdom on the African environment IAI/James Currey, Oxford 91-104
10. Byer T A 2000 NIGERIA: Second Fadama development program (preparation mission) and economic sector work on rural finance (follow-up discussions): Aide memoire Letter to director Multi-lateral Institutions, Federal Ministry of Finance
11. Clay E J and Schaffer B B eds 1984 Room for manoeuvre, an explanation of public policy in agriculture and rural development Heinemann, London
12. Cline-Cole R A 1990 The urban fuel plantation in tropical Africa: A case for re-evaluation Land Use Policy 7 323-35
13. Cline-Cole R A, Main H A C and Nichol J E 1990 On fuelwood consumption, population dynamics and deforestation in Africa World Development 18 513-27
14. CNF/MACBAN 1996 The pastoralists/arable farmers conflict in Nigeria: towards an understanding and a lasting policy solution to the problem Memorandum submitted to the northern military administrators by the Council of Nigerian Farmers (CNF) and the Miyetti Allah Cattle Breeders Association of Nigeria (MACBAN)
15. DFID 2000 Nigeria: Country strategy paper DFID, London
16. Ehrlich P R 1972 The population bomb Ballantine, London
17. Ellis F and Biggs S 2001 Evolving themes in rural development 1950s-2000s Development Policy Review 19 437-48
18. FACU 1998 Status of farmers-pastoralists conflict in the national Fadama Development Project Unpublished report
19. Fairhead J and Leach M 1997 Web of power and the construction of environmental policy problems: Forest loss in Guinea in Grillo R D and Stirrat R L eds Discourses of development: Anthropological perspectives Berg, Oxford
20. Federal Government of Nigeria 1997 Vision 2010 -the Green Agenda: integrating environment and development draft Unpublished report prepared by Vision 2010 Sub-Committee on Ecology and Environmental Protection
21. FEPA 1989 National policy on the environment Federal Environmental Protection Agency, Abuja
22. FEPA 1999 National policy on the environment Federal Environmental Protection Agency, Abuja
23. GLASL 1996 Rehabilitation of livestock production facilities and procurement of agricultural inputs Pastoralism Development Programme Draft final report November Report for the Petroleum (Special) Trust Fund
24. Graf W D 1988 The Nigerian state: Political economy, state class and political system in the post-colonial era James Currey, London
25. Grillo R D Stirrat R L eds 1997 Discourses of development: anthropological perspectives Berg, Oxford
26. Grindle M and Thomas J 1991 Public choices and policy change: The political economy of reform in developing countries John Hopkins University Press, Baltimore
27. Hadejia I A 1993 'Socio-economic basis of farmer-pastoralist conflict in Jigawa State' Paper presented at a seminar on effective land tenure system in Jigawa State 2-5 August 1995
28. Hadejia I A 1994 Land use conflict in Guri District, Jigawa State in Kolawole A, Scoones I, Awogbade M O and Voh J P eds Strategies for the sustainable use of Fadama lands in northern Nigeria CSER/ABU/IIED, London 113-19
29. Hajer M 1995 The politics of environmental discourse Clarendon, Oxford
30. HMSO 1938 Annual report on the social and economic progress of the people of Nigeria, 1936 HMSO, London
31. HMSO 1939 Annual report on the social and economic progress of the people of Nigeria, 1937 HMSO, London
32. Idowu W O O 1999 Citizenship, alienation and conflict in Nigeria Africa Development XXIV 31-55
33. Ingawa S A, Maina J A and Ega L A 1999 'Farmer-pastoralist conflict: The way forward' Paper presented at the meeting of National Agricultural Land Use and Management Policy Evaluation Committee 28-30 September Premier Hotel, Ibadan
34. Irele G T 1990 Land and agricultural policy in Nigeria under military governments, 1966-1985 Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Cambridge
35. IUCN/UNEP/WWF 1980 The world conservation strategy IUCN/UNEP/WWF, Geneva
36. Jones B 1938 Desiccation and the West African colonies Geographical Journal 88 401-23
37. Kallah M S 1998 'Background to grazing resource development in Nigeria and its importance in the national economy' Paper presented at the Mega Conference on Pastoralists'Development in Nigeria July 1998 Hassan Usman Katsina House, Kaduna
38. Kazah-Toure T nd Inclusive citizenship and democratic governance in Nigeria Unpublished manuscript
39. Kazaure S M, Bukar M, Umar A and Hassan Y 1997 Communique issued at the end of the Consultative Meeting on Ecological Disaster Affecting the Front Line Arid States of North Eastern Part of Nigeria 30 December Dutse, Jigawa State
40. Keeley J and Scoones I 1999 Understanding environmental policy processes: A review IDS Working Paper No. 89 IDS, Brighton
41. Keeley J and Scoones I 2000 Environmental policymaking in Zimbabwe: discourses, science and politics IDS Working Paper No. 116 IDS, Brighton
42. Leach M and Mearns R 1996a Environmental change and policy: Challenging received wisdom in Africa in Leach M and Mearns R eds The lie of the land: Challenging received wisdom on the African environment IAI/James Currey, Oxford 1-33
43. Leach M and Mearns R eds 1996b The lie of the land: Challenging received wisdom on the African environment IAI/James Currey, Oxford
44. Long N and van der Ploeg J D 1989 Demythologizing planned intervention: an actor-oriented perspective Sociologia Ruralis XXIX: 226-49
45. Lugard F D 1926 The dual mandate in British tropical Africa 2nd edn William Blackwood and Sons Ltd, London
46. Machinama B B 2000 'Ecological disasters and agricultural development in the north-east part of Nigeria' Position paper presented to the 2nd Joint Consultative Meeting on the Front Line States of North-Eastern Part of Nigeria January State Secretariat, Damaturu
47. Meadows D, Randers J and Behrens W W 1972 The limits to growth Universe Books, New York
48. Milligan R S 2002 Searching for symbiosis: Pastoralist-farmer relations in North-East Nigeria Unpublished DPhil Thesis Department of Geography, University of Sussex
49. Mortimore M 1989 Adapting to drought: Farmers, famines and desertification in West Africa Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
50. NEAZDP nd Towards intensification of grazing land use in the NEAZDP Area Mimeo
51. NEAZDP 1994 Wachakal development area: Summary of land resources and land use Document TRA-DA.WA
52. NEAZDP 1995 Management report summary 1990-1995 NEAZDP
53. NEST 1991 Nigeria's threatened environment: A national profile NEST, Ibadan
54. NEST 1992 The challenge of sustainable development in Nigeria NEST, Ibadan
55. Niamir-Fuller M ed 1999 Managing mobility in African rangelands: The legitimization of transhumance FAO/IT Books, London
56. Okaiyeto P O 1982 Livestock development strategies in Nigeria: A review in Osinowo O A, Ikhatua U J and Ehoche W O eds Beef production in Nigeria: Proceedings of the National Conference on Beef Production July Kaduna, Nigeria NAPRI, Kaduna
57. Osaghae E E 1998 Crippled giant: Nigeria since independence Hurst & Company, London
58. Permanent Secretary Yobe State Ministry of Agriculture 1998 Yobe State Agricultural Development Programme Mimeo
59. Perrier G 1995 New directions in range management planning in Africa in Scoones I ed Living with uncertainty: New directions in pastoral development in Africa IT Publications, London 47-57
60. Roe E 1991 Development narratives, or making the best of blueprint development World Development 19 287-300
61. Salih M A M 1992 Pastoralists and planners: Local knowledge and resource management in Gidan Magajia Grazing Reserve, northern Nigeria Dryland Networks Programme Paper No. 32 IIED, London
62. Scoones I ed 1995 Living with uncertainty: New directions in pastoral development in Africa IT Publications, London
63. Shenton R 1987 Nigerian agriculture in historical perspective: development and crisis, 1900-60 in Watts M J ed State, oil, and agriculture in Nigeria University of California, Berkeley 34-57
64. SSO 1996 Strategies for reduction of conflict between farmers and pastoralists The Presidency, Abuja
65. Stamp L D 1940 The southern margin of the Sahara: Comments on some recent studies on the question of desiccation in West Africa Geographical Review 30 297-300
66. Stebbing E P 1938 The man-made desert in Africa: Erosion and drought Journal of the Royal African Society Supplement January 3-40
67. Stenning D J 1959 Savannah nomads: A study of the WoDaabe Fulani of Western Boron Province, Northern Region, Nigeria Oxford University Press, London
68. Ukiwo U 2003 Policy leverages in Nigeria CRISE Policy Context Paper 2, December University of Oxford
69. Watts M J 1983 Silent violence: Food, famine and peasantry in northern Nigeria University of California Press, London
70. WCED 1987 Our common future: Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development Oxford University Press, Oxford
71. Williams I, Mu'azu F, Kaoje U M and Ekeh R 1997 A brief study of conflicts between pastoralists and agriculturalists in the north-east of Nigeria. A study for the Overseas Development Association (ODA) Mimeo