The self-regulatory function of anticipated pride and guilt in a sustainable and healthy consumption context

European Journal of Social Psychology

Volumn 44, Issue 1, 2014, Pages 53-68

  Onwezen, Marleen C ^a   Bartels, Jos ^b   Antonides, Gerrit ^a  

^a WAGENINGEN UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

^b VU UNIVERSITY AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Attitudes; Environmentally friendly; Food consumption; Healthy; Self conscious emotion; Self regulation; Social norms

Indexed keywords

EID: 84893792034     PISSN: 00462772     EISSN: 10990992     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/ejsp.1991     Document Type: Article

References (123)

1. Abraham, C., & Sheeran, P. (2004). Deciding to exercise: The role of anticipated regret. British Journal of Health Psychology, 9(2), 269-278.
2. Aertsens, J., Verbeke, W., Mondelaers, K., & Van Huylenbroeck, G. (2009). Personal determinants of organic food consumption: A review. British Food Journal, 111(10), 1140-1167.
3. Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
4. Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211.
5. Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behaviour. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.
6. Akaike, H. (1974). A new look at statistical model identification. IEEE transactions on Automatic Control, 19, 716-723.
7. Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (2001). Efficacy of the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analytic review. British Journal of Social Psychology, 40(4), 471-499.
8. Arvola, A., Vassallo, M., Dean, M., Lampila, P., Saba, A., Lähteenmäki, L., & Shepherd, R. (2008). Predicting intentions to purchase organic food: The role of affective and moral attitudes in the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Appetite, 50(2-3), 443-454.
9. Bagozzi, R. P., Dholakia, U. M., & Basuroy, S. (2003). How effortful decisions get enacted: The motivating role of decision processes, desires, and anticipated emotions. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 16(4), 273-295.
10. Bamberg, S., Hunecke, M., & Blöbaum, A. (2007). Social context, personal norms and the use of public transportation: Two field studies. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 27(3), 190-203.
11. Baumeister, R. F. (1998). The self. In D. T. Gilbert, S. T. Fiske, & G. Lindzey (Eds.), The handbook of social psychology (pp. 680-740). Boston: MacGraw-Hill.
12. Baumeister, R. E., Stillwell, A. M., & Heatherton, T. E. (1994). Guilt: An interpersonal approach. Psychological Bulletin, 115, 243-267.
13. Baumgartner, H., Pieters, R., & Bagozzi, R. P. (2008). Future-oriented emotions: Conceptualization and behavioral effects. European Journal of Social Psychology, 38(4), 685-696.
14. Beer, J. S., & Keltner, D. (2004). What is unique about self-conscious emotions? Psychological Inquiry, 15(2), 126-129.
15. Beer, J. S., Heerey, E.A., Keltner, D., Scabini, D., Knight, R.T. (2003). The regulatory function of self-conscious emotion: Insights from patients with orbitofrontal damage. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85, 594-604.
16. Berndsen, M., & Manstead, A. S. R. (2007). On the relationship between responsibility and guilt: Antecedent appraisal or elaborated appraisal? European Journal of Social Psychology, 37(4), 774-792.
17. Bhattacherjee, A. (2002). Individual trust in online firms: Scale development and initial test. Journal of Management Information Systems, 19(1), 211-241.
18. Birkimer, J. C., Johnston, P. L., & Berry, M. M. (1993). Guilt and help from friends: Variables related to healthy behavior. The Journal of Social Psychology, 133(5), 683-692.
19. Borsari, B., & Carey, K. (2003). Descriptive and injunctive norms in college drinking: A meta-analytic integration. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 64, 331-341.
20. Browne, A. W., Harris, P. J. C., Hofny-Collins, A. H., Pasiecznik, N., & Wallace, R. R. (2000). Organic production and ethical trade: Definition, practice and links. Food Policy, 25(1), 69-89.
21. Burnett, M. S., & Lunsford, D. A. (1994). Conceptualizing guilt in the consumer decision process. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 11, 33-43.
22. Burnham, K. P., & Anderson, D.R. (2004). Multimodel Inference: Understanding AIC and BIC in model selection. Sociological Methods and Research, 33(2), 261-304.
23. Christensen, P. N., Rothgerber, H., Wood, W., & Matz, D. C. (2004). Social norms and identity relevance: A motivational approach to normative behavior. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 30, 1295-1309.
24. Cialdini, R. B., Kallgren, C. A., & Reno, R. R. (1991). A focus theory of normative conduct: A theoretical refinement and reevaluation of the role of norms in human behavior. In M. P. Zanna (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 24, pp. 201-234). New York, NY: Academic.
25. Cialdini, R. B., Reno, R. R., & Kallgren, C. A. (1990). A focus theory of normative conduct: Recycling the concept of norms to reduce littering in public places. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 58, 1015-1026.
26. Conner, M., & Armitage, C. J. (1998). Extending the theory of planned behaviour: A review and avenues for further research. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 28(15), 1429-1464.
27. Dahl, D. W., Honea, H., & Manchanda, R. V. (2003). The nature of self-reported guilt in consumption contexts. Marketing Letters, 14(3), 159-171.
28. De Hooge, I. E., Zeelenberg, M., & Breugelmans, S. M. (2007). Moral sentiments and cooperation: Differential influences of shame and guilt. Cognition and Emotion, 21(5), 1025-1042.
29. De Pelsmacker, P., Driesen, L., & Rayp, G. (2005). Do consumers care about ethics? Willingness to pay for fair-trade coffee. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 39(2), 363-385.
30. Egger, G. (2008). Dousing our inflammatory environment(s): Is personal carbon trading an option for reducing obesity-and climate change? Obesity Reviews, 9(5), 456-463.
31. Exline, J. J., & Lobel, M. (2001). Private gain, social strain: Do relationship factors shape responses to outperformance? European Journal of Social Psychology, 31(5), 593-607.
32. 2 effect-size measures for mediation analysis. Behavioral Research Methods, 41, 486-498.
33. Ferguson, M. A., & Branscombe, N. R. (2010). Collective guilt mediates the effect of beliefs about global warming on willingness to engage in mitigation behavior. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30, 135-142.
34. Ferguson, T. J., Stegge, H., & Damhuis, I. (1991). Children's understanding of guilt and shame. Child Development, 62, 827-839.
35. Gerster, H. (1991). Potential role of beta-carotene in the prevention of cardiovascular disease, International Journal of Vitamin Nutrition Research, 61(4), 277-291.
36. Godin, G., & Kok, G. (1996). The theory of planned behavior: A review of its applications to health related behaviors. American Journal of Health Promotion, 11, 87-98.
37. Granzin, K. L., & Olsen, J. E. (1991). Characterization participants in activities protecting the environment: A focus on donating, recycling, and conservation behaviours. Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, 10, 1-27.
38. Grasmick, H. G., & Bursik, R. J., Jr. (1990). Conscience, significant others, and rational choice: Extending the deterrence model. Law & Society Review, 24, 835-861.
39. Han, S., Lerner, J. S., & Keltner, D. (2007). Feelings and consumer decision making: The appraisal-tendency framework. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 17(3), 158-168.
40. Harth, N. S., Leach, C. W., & Kessler, T. (2013). Guilt, anger, and pride about in-group environmental behaviour: Different emotions predict distinct intentions. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 34, 18-26.
41. Health Council of the Netherlands (2006). Guidelines healthy food choice, http://gezondheidsraad.nl/sites/default/files/2006@A06_08_3.pdf
42. Henson, J. M., Reise, S. P., & Kim, K. H. (2007). Detecting mixtures from structural model differences using latent variable mixture modeling: A comparison of relative model fit statistics, Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 14(2), 202-226.
43. Heywood, J. L. (2002). The cognitive and emotional components of behavior norms in outdoor recreation. Leisure Sciences, 24, 271-281.
44. Heywood, J. L., & Aas, Ø. (1999). Social norms and encounter preferences for cross country skiing with dogs in Norway. Leisure Sciences, 21, 133-144.
45. Hill, R. J., & Davies, P. S. (2001). The validity of self-reported energy intake as determined using the doubly labelled water technique. British Journal of Nutrition, 85, 415-430.
46. Holbrook, M. B., & Batra, R. (1987). Assessing the role of emotions as mediators of consumer responses to advertising. Journal of Consumer Research, 14(3), 404-420.
47. Hopper, J. R., & Nielsen, J. M. (1991). Recycling as altruistic behaviour: Normative and behavioural strategies to expand participation in a community recycling program. Environment and Behavior, 23, 195-220.
48. Hossain, P., Kawar, B., & El Nahas, M. (2007). Obesity and diabetes in the developing world-A growing challenge. New England Journal of Medicine, 356(3), 213-215.
49. Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1-55.
50. Hu, F. B., Rimm, E., Smith-Warner, S. A., Feskanich, D., Stampfer, M. J., Ascherio, A., ... Willet, W. C. (1999). Reproducibility and validity of dietary patterns assessed with a food-frequency questionnaire. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 69, 243-249.
51. Hynie, M., MacDonald, T. K., & Marques, S. (2006). Self-conscious emotions and self-regulation in the promotion of condom use. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 32(8), 1072-1084.
52. Isen, A. M. (2000). Some perspectives on positive affect and self-regulation. Psychological Inquiry, 11, 184-187.
53. Jacobson, R. P., Mortensen, C. R., & Cialdini, R. B. (2010). Bodies obliged and unbound: Differentiated response tendencies for injunctive and descriptive social norms. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100, 433-448
54. Kaiser, F. G., Schultz, P. W., Berenguer, J., Corral-Verdugo, V., & Tankha, G. (2008). Extending planned environmentalism anticipated guilt and embarrassment across cultures. European Psychologist, 13(4), 288-297.
55. Katzir, M., Eyal, T. Meiran, M., & Kessler, Y. (2010). Imagined positive emotions and inhibitory control: The differentiated effect of pride versus happiness. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 36(5), 1314-1320.
56. Ketelaar, T., & Au, W. T. (2003). The effects of feelings of guilt on the behaviour of uncooperative individuals in repeated social bargaining games: An effect-as-information interpretation of the role of emotion in social interaction. Cognition and Emotion, 17(3), 429-453.
57. King, S. C., & Meiselman, H. L. (2010). Development of a method to measure consumer emotions associated with foods. Food Quality and Preference, 21(2), 168-177.
58. Klein A., & Moosbrugger, H. (2000). Maximum likelihood estimation of latent interaction effects with the LMS method. Psychometrika, 65, 457-474
59. Kline, R. B. (2010). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd edn). New York: The Guilford Press
60. Kugler, K., & Jones, W. H. (1992). On conceptualizing and assessing guilt. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62(2), 318-327.
61. Laroche, M., Bergeron J., & Barbaro-Forleo, G. (2001). Targeting consumers who are willing to pay more for environmentally friendly products. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 18(6), 503-520.
62. Larsen, R. J. (2000). Toward a science of mood regulation. Psychological Inquiry, 11, 129-141.
63. Lazarus, R. S. (1991). Emotion and adaptation. New York: Oxford University Press.
64. Leary, M. R. (2007). Motivational and emotional aspects of the self, Annual Review of Psychology, 58, 317-344.
65. Lench, H. C., Safer, M. A., & Levine, L. J. (2011). Focalism and the underestimation of future emotion: When it's worse than imagined. Emotion, 11, 278-285.
66. Lewis, M. A. (1993). Self-conscious emotions: Embarrassment, pride, shame, and guilt. In M. L. J. M. Haviland (Eds.), Handbook of emotions. New York: Guilford Press.
67. Lockie, S., Lyons, K., Lawrence, G., & Mummery, K. (2002). Eating 'green': Motivations behind organic food consumption in Australia. Sociologia Ruralis, 42(1), 23-40.
68. Louro, M. J., Pieters, R., & Zeelenberg, M. (2005). Negative return on positive emotions: The influence of pride and self-regulatory goals on repurchase decisions. Journal of Consumer Research, 31, 833-840.
69. Ma, Y. J., Littrell, M. A., & Niehm, L. (2012). Young female consumers' intentions toward fair trade consumption. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 40(1), 41-63.
70. Madden, T. J., Scholder, E. P., & Ajzen, I. (1992). A comparison of the theory of planned behavior and the theory of reasoned action. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 18(1), 3-9.
71. Magnusson, M. K., Arvola, A., Hursti, U., Åberg, L., & Sjödén, P. (2003). Choice of organic foods is related to perceived consequences for human health and to environmentally friendly behaviour. Appetite, 40(2), 109-117.
72. Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98(2), 224-253.
73. Mascolo, M. F., & Fischer, K. W. (1995). Developmental transformations in appraisals for pride, shame, and guilt. In J. P. Tangney & K. W. Fischer (Eds.), Self-conscious emotions: The psychology of shame, guilt, embarrassment, and pride (pp. 64-113). New York: Guilford Press.
74. McCartney, G., Hanlon, P., & Romanes, F. (2008). Climate change and rising energy costs will change everything: A new mindset and action plan for 21st century public health. Public Health, 122(7), 658-663.
75. Mellers, B. A., & McGraw, A. P. (2001). Anticipated emotions as guides to choice. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 10(6), 210-214.
76. Melnyk, V., van Herpen E., & van Trijp, J. C. M. (2010). The influence of social norms in consumer decision making: A meta-analysis. Advances in Consumer Research, 37, 463-464.
77. Monitor Sustainable Food (2012). http://edepot.wur.nl/260072
78. Nelissen, R. M. A., Dijker, A. J. M., & de Vries, N. K. (2007). How to turn a hawk into a dove and vice versa: Interactions between emotions and goals in a give-some dilemma game. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 43(2), 280-286.
79. Nolan, J. M., Schultz, P. W., Cialdini, R. B., Goldstein, N. J., & Griskevicius, V. (2008). Normative social influence is underdetected. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 34, 913-923.
80. Ogden, C. L., Carroll, M. D., Curtin, L. R., McDowell, M. A., Tabak, C. J., & Flegal, K. M. (2006). Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. Journal of the American Medical Association, 295(13), 1549-1555.
81. Onwezen, M. C., Antonides, G., & Bartels, J. (2013). The Norm Activation Model: An exploration of the functions of anticipated pride and guilt in environmental behaviour. Journal of Economic Psychology, 49, 141-153.
82. Page Winterich, K., & Haws, K. L. (2011). Helpful hopefulness: The effect of future positive emotions on consumption. Journal of Consumer Research, 38(3), 505-524.
83. Patrick, V., Chun, M. E., & MacInnis, D. J. (2009). Affective forecasting and self-control: Why anticipating pride wins over anticipating shame in a self-regulation context. Journal of Consumer Psychology, 19(3), 537-545.
84. Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J. Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioural research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 879 -903.
85. Richard, R., Van Der Pligt, J., & De Vries, N. (1996). Anticipated affect and behavioral choice. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 18(2), 11-129.
86. Rigdon, E. E. (1999). Using the Friedman method of ranks for model comparison in structural equation modeling, Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(3), 219-232.
87. Rivis, A., & Sheeran, P. (2003). Descriptive norms as an additional predictor in the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analysis. Current Psychology, 22(3), 218-233.
88. Rivis, A., Sheeran, P., & Armitage, C. J. (2009). Expanding the affective and normative components of the theory of planned behavior: A meta-analysis of anticipated affect and moral norms. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 39(12), 2985-3019.
89. Rodriguez Mosquera, P. M., Manstead, A. S. R., & Fischer, A. H. (2000). The role of honor-related values in the elicitation, experience, and communication of pride, shame, and anger: Spain and the Netherlands compared. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 26, 833-844.
90. Roseman, I. J. (2011). Emotional behaviors, emotivational goals, emotion strategies: Multiple levels of organization integrate variable and consistent responses. Emotion Review, 3(4), 434-443.
91. Sandberg, T., & Conner, M. (2008). Anticipated regret as an additional predictor in the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analysis. British Journal of Social Psychology, 47(4), 589-606.
92. Schatzkin, A., Kipnis, V., Carroll, R. J., Midthune, D., Subar, A. F., Bingham, S., ... Freedman, L. S. (2003). A comparison of a food frequency questionnaire with a 24-hour recall for use in an epidemiological cohort study: Results from the biomarker-based Observing Protein and Energy Nutrition (OPEN) study. International Journal of Epidemiology, 32(6), 1054-1062.
93. Schultz, P. W., Nolan, J. M., Cialdini, R. B., Goldstein, N. J., & Griskevicius, V. (2007). The constructive, destructive, and reconstructive power of social norms: Research article. Psychological Science, 18(5), 429-434.
94. Schwartz, S. H. (1977). Normative influence on altruism. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology, Vol. 10 (pp. 221-279). New York: Academic Press.
95. Schwarz, G. (1978). Estimating the dimension of a model. Annual Statistics, 6, 461-464.
96. Schwarzer, R. (2008). Modeling health behavior change: How to predict and modify the adoption and maintenance of health behaviors. Applied Psychology, 57(1), 1-29.
97. Sheeran, P., & Orbell, S. (1999). Augmenting the theory of planned behavior: Roles for anticipated regret and descriptive norms. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29(10), 210-2142.
98. Slovic, P., Finucane, M., Peters, E., & MacGregor, D. G. (2002). Rational actors or rational fools: Implications of the affect heuristic for behavioral economics. Journal of Socio-Economics, 31(4), 329-342.
99. Steiger, J. H. (2007). Understanding the limitations of global fit assessment in structural equation modelling. Personality and Individual Differences, 42(5), 893-898.
100. Steptoe, A., Pollard, T. M., & Wardle, J. (1995). Development of a measure of the motives underlying the selection of food: The Food Choice Questionnaire. Appetite, 25(3), 267-284.
101. Stern, P. C. (2000). Toward a coherent theory of environmentally significant behavior. Journal of Social Issues, 56(3), 407-424.
102. Stern, N. 2006. Stern review: The economics of climate change. London, UK
103. Su, H. J., Lu, L. C., & Lin, T. A. (2011). The mediating role of anticipated guilt in consumers' textbook piracy intention. Asia Pacific Management Review, 16(3), 255-275.
104. Takahashi, H., Matsuura, M., Koeda, M., Yahata, N., Suhara, T., Kato, M., & Okubo, Y. (2008). Brain activations during judgments of positive self-conscious emotion and positive basic emotion: Pride and joy. Cerebral Cortex, 18, 898-903.
105. Tangney, J. P., & Fischer, K. W. (1995). Self-conscious emotions: The psychology of shame, guilt, embarrassment, and pride. New York: Guilford Press.
106. Tangney, J. P., Miller, R. S., Flicker, L., & Barlow, D. H. (1996). Are shame, guilt, and embarrassment distinct emotions? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(6), 1256-1269.
107. Tangney, J. P., Stuewig, J., & Mashek, D. J. (2007). Moral emotions and moral behavior. Annual Review of Psychology, 58(1), 345-372.
108. Thøgersen, J. (2006). Norms for environmentally responsible behaviour: An extended taxonomy. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 26(2006), 247-336.
109. Tracy, J. L., & Robins, R. W. (2004a). Putting the self into self-conscious emotions: A theoretical model. Psychological Inquiry, 15(2), 103-125.
110. Tracy, J. L., & Robins, R. W. (2004b). Show your pride: Evidence for a discrete emotion expression. Psychological Science, 15, 194-197.
111. Tracy, J. L., & Robins, R. W. (2007). The psychological structure of pride: A tale of two facets. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 92(3), 506-525.
112. Trichopoulou, A., Naska, A., Antoniou, A., Friel, S., Trygg, K., & Turrini, A. (2003). Vegetable and fruit: The evidence in their favour and the public health perspective. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research, 73, 63-69.
113. Turner, J. C. (1991). Social influence. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.
114. Van Duyn, M. A. S., & Pivonka, E. (2000). Overview of the health benefits of fruit and vegetable consumption for the dietetics professional: Selected literature. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 100(12), 1511-1521.
115. Verhoef, P. C. (2005). Explaining purchases of organic meat by Dutch consumers. European Review of Agricultural Economics, 32(2), 245-267.
116. Vermeir, I., & Verbeke, W. (2006). Sustainable food consumption: Exploring the consumer "attitude-behavioral intention" gap. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 19(2), 169-194.
117. Wang, X. (2011). The role of anticipated negative emotions and past behavior in individuals' physical activity intentions and behaviors. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 12(3), 300-305.
118. Webster, J. M., Duvall, J., Gaines, L. M., & Smith, R. H. (2003). The roles of praise and social comparison information in the experience of pride. Journal of Social Psychology, 143(2), 209-232.
119. White, K. M., Smith, J. R., Terry, D. J., Greenslade, J. H., & McKimmie, B. M. (2009). Social influence in the theory of planned behaviour: The role of descriptive, injunctive, and in-group norms. British Journal of Social Psychology, 48, 135-158.
120. Williams, L. A., & DeSteno, D. (2008). Pride and perseverance: The motivational role of pride. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 94(6), 1007-1017.
121. Williams, L. A., & DeSteno, D. (2009). Pride. Adaptive social emotion or seventh sin? Psychological Science, 20(3), 284-288.
122. Zapf, D., Dormann, C., & Frese, M. (1996). Longitudinal studies in organizational stress research: A review of the literature with reference to methodological issues. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 1, 145-169.
123. Zimmer, M. R., Stafford, T. F., & Stafford, M. R. (1994). Green issues: Dimensions of environmental concern. Journal of Business Research, 30(1), 63-74.