메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 52, Issue 2, 2014, Pages 489-496

Economic evaluation of laboratory testing strategies for hospital-associated Clostridium difficile infection

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ALGORITHM; ARTICLE; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE INFECTION; CONTROLLED STUDY; COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS; COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; CYTOTOXICITY ASSAY; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC TEST ACCURACY STUDY; ECONOMIC EVALUATION; ENZYME IMMUNOASSAY; HOSPITAL COST; HOSPITAL INFECTION; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; LABORATORY TEST; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TISSUE CULTURE;

EID: 84893038141     PISSN: 00951137     EISSN: 1098660X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/JCM.02777-13     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (34)

References (48)
  • 1
    • 0031926083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea
    • Johnson S, Gerding DN. 1998. Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea. Clin. Infect. Dis. 26:1027-10341027-1036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/520276.
    • (1998) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.26 , pp. 102710341027-102710341036
    • Johnson, S.1    Gerding, D.N.2
  • 2
    • 77951026738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical practice guidelines for Clostridium difficile infection in adults: 2010 update by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA)
    • Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America, Infectious Diseases Society of America
    • Cohen SH, Gerding DN, Johnson S, Kelly CP, Loo VG, McDonald LC, Pepin J, Wilcox MH, Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America, Infectious Diseases Society of America. 2010. Clinical practice guidelines for Clostridium difficile infection in adults: 2010 update by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA). Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 31:431-455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/651706.
    • (2010) Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. , vol.31 , pp. 431-455
    • Cohen, S.H.1    Gerding, D.N.2    Johnson, S.3    Kelly, C.P.4    Loo, V.G.5    McDonald, L.C.6    Pepin, J.7    Wilcox, M.H.8
  • 3
    • 67349265209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National point prevalence of Clostridium difficile in US health care facility inpatients, 2008
    • Jarvis WR, Schlosser J, Jarvis AA, Chinn RY. 2009. National point prevalence of Clostridium difficile in US health care facility inpatients, 2008. Am. J. Infect. Control 37:263-270. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2009.01. 001.
    • (2009) Am. J. Infect. Control , vol.37 , pp. 263-270
    • Jarvis, W.R.1    Schlosser, J.2    Jarvis, A.A.3    Chinn, R.Y.4
  • 4
    • 84871463724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of Clostridium difficile infection
    • Bassetti M, Villa G, Pecori D, Arzese A, Wilcox M. 2012. Epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of Clostridium difficile infection. Expert Rev. Anti Infect. Ther. 10:1405-1423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1586/eri.12.135.
    • (2012) Expert Rev. Anti Infect. Ther. , vol.10 , pp. 1405-1423
    • Bassetti, M.1    Villa, G.2    Pecori, D.3    Arzese, A.4    Wilcox, M.5
  • 5
    • 77952564778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Economic healthcare costs of Clostridium difficile infection: A systematic review
    • Ghantoji SS, Sail K, Lairson DR, DuPont HL, Garey KW. 2010. Economic healthcare costs of Clostridium difficile infection: a systematic review. J. Hosp. Infect. 74:309-318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2009.10.016.
    • (2010) J. Hosp. Infect. , vol.74 , pp. 309-318
    • Ghantoji, S.S.1    Sail, K.2    Lairson, D.R.3    Dupont, H.L.4    Garey, K.W.5
  • 6
    • 57749091990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of current literature on the economic burden of Clostridium difficile infection
    • Dubberke ER, Wertheimer AI. 2009. Review of current literature on the economic burden of Clostridium difficile infection. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 30:57-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/592981.
    • (2009) Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. , vol.30 , pp. 57-66
    • Dubberke, E.R.1    Wertheimer, A.I.2
  • 8
    • 84889582557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health care-associated infections: A meta-analysis of costs and financial impact on the US health care system
    • Zimlichman E, Henderson D, Tamir O, Franz C, Song P, Yamin CK, Keohane C, Denham CR, Bates DW. 2013. Health care-associated infections: a meta-analysis of costs and financial impact on the US health care system. JAMA Intern. Med. 173:2039-2046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.9763.
    • (2013) JAMA Intern. Med. , vol.173 , pp. 2039-2046
    • Zimlichman, E.1    Henderson, D.2    Tamir, O.3    Franz, C.4    Song, P.5    Yamin, C.K.6    Keohane, C.7    Denham, C.R.8    Bates, D.W.9
  • 9
    • 0036467063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health care costs and mortality associated with nosocomial diarrhea due to Clostridium difficile
    • Kyne L, Hamel MB, Polavaram R, Kelly CP. 2002. Health care costs and mortality associated with nosocomial diarrhea due to Clostridium difficile. Clin. Infect. Dis. 34:346-353. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/338260.
    • (2002) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.34 , pp. 346-353
    • Kyne, L.1    Hamel, M.B.2    Polavaram, R.3    Kelly, C.P.4
  • 10
    • 68249127635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does my patient have Clostridium difficile infection?
    • Peterson LR, Robicsek A. 2009. Does my patient have Clostridium difficile infection? Ann. Intern. Med. 151:176-179. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819- 151-3-200908040-00005.
    • (2009) Ann. Intern. Med. , vol.151 , pp. 176-179
    • Peterson, L.R.1    Robicsek, A.2
  • 12
    • 34548593193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Performance of TechLab C. DIFF QUIK CHEK and TechLab. C. DIFFICILE TOX A/B II for the detection of Clostridium difficile in stool samples
    • Reyes RC, John MA, Ayotte DL, Covacich A, Milburn S, Hussain Z. 2007. Performance of TechLab C. DIFF QUIK CHEK and TechLab. C. DIFFICILE TOX A/B II for the detection of Clostridium difficile in stool samples. Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 59:33-37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.42.10.4863-4865.2004.
    • (2007) Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. , vol.59 , pp. 33-37
    • Reyes, R.C.1    John, M.A.2    Ayotte, D.L.3    Covacich, A.4    Milburn, S.5    Hussain, Z.6
  • 13
    • 84879764131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection: An ongoing conundrum for clinicians and for clinical laboratories
    • Burnham CA, Carroll KC. 2013. Diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection: an ongoing conundrum for clinicians and for clinical laboratories. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 26:604-630. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/CMR.00016-13.
    • (2013) Clin. Microbiol. Rev. , vol.26 , pp. 604-630
    • Burnham, C.A.1    Carroll, K.C.2
  • 14
    • 38849179568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-and long-term attributable costs of Clostridium difficile-associated disease in nonsurgical inpatients
    • Dubberke ER, Reske KA, Olsen MA, McDonald LC, Fraser VJ. 2008. Short-and long-term attributable costs of Clostridium difficile-associated disease in nonsurgical inpatients. Clin. Infect. Dis. 46:497-504. http://dx.doi.org/10. 1086/526530.
    • (2008) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.46 , pp. 497-504
    • Dubberke, E.R.1    Reske, K.A.2    Olsen, M.A.3    McDonald, L.C.4    Fraser, V.J.5
  • 15
    • 0025735149 scopus 로고
    • Clostridium difficile-A common and costly colitis
    • Kofsky P, Rosen L, Reed J, Tolmie M, Ufberg D. 1991. Clostridium difficile-a common and costly colitis. Dis. Colon Rectum 34:244-248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02090164.
    • (1991) Dis. Colon Rectum , vol.34 , pp. 244-248
    • Kofsky, P.1    Rosen, L.2    Reed, J.3    Tolmie, M.4    Ufberg, D.5
  • 17
    • 35348962496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emerging infectious challenge of Clostridium difficile-associated disease in Massachusetts hospitals: Clinical and economic consequences
    • O'Brien JA, Lahue BJ, Caro JJ, Davidson DM. 2007. The emerging infectious challenge of Clostridium difficile-associated disease in Massachusetts hospitals: clinical and economic consequences. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 28:1219-1227. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/522676.
    • (2007) Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. , vol.28 , pp. 1219-1227
    • O'Brien, J.A.1    Lahue, B.J.2    Caro, J.J.3    Davidson, D.M.4
  • 18
    • 0021038539 scopus 로고
    • Prospective randomised trial of metronidazole versus vancomycin for Clostridium-difficile-associated diarrhoea and colitis
    • Teasley DG, Gerding DN, Olson MM, Peterson LR, Gebhard RL, Schwartz MJ, Lee JT, Jr. 1983. Prospective randomised trial of metronidazole versus vancomycin for Clostridium-difficile-associated diarrhoea and colitis. Lancet ii:1043-1046.
    • (1983) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1043-1046
    • Teasley, D.G.1    Gerding, D.N.2    Olson, M.M.3    Peterson, L.R.4    Gebhard, R.L.5    Schwartz, M.J.6    Lee Jr., J.T.7
  • 19
    • 73949155915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of tcdB real-time PCR in a three-step diagnostic algorithm for detection of toxigenic Clostridium difficile
    • Larson AM, Fung AM, Fang FC. 2010. Evaluation of tcdB real-time PCR in a three-step diagnostic algorithm for detection of toxigenic Clostridium difficile. J. Clin. Microbiol. 48:124-130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00734- 09.
    • (2010) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.48 , pp. 124-130
    • Larson, A.M.1    Fung, A.M.2    Fang, F.C.3
  • 20
    • 75649108236 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • C. Diff Quik Chek complete enzyme immunoassay provides a reliable first-line method for detection of Clostridium difficile in stool specimens
    • Quinn CD, Sefers SE, Babiker W, He Y, Alcabasa R, Stratton CW, Carroll KC, Tang YW. 2010. C. Diff Quik Chek complete enzyme immunoassay provides a reliable first-line method for detection of Clostridium difficile in stool specimens. J. Clin. Microbiol. 48:603-605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01614- 09.
    • (2010) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.48 , pp. 603-605
    • Quinn, C.D.1    Sefers, S.E.2    Babiker, W.3    He, Y.4    Alcabasa, R.5    Stratton, C.W.6    Carroll, K.C.7    Tang, Y.W.8
  • 21
    • 77952929599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the C. Diff Quik Chek complete assay, a new glutamate dehydrogenase and A/B toxin combination lateral flow assay for use in rapid, simple diagnosis of Clostridium difficile disease
    • Sharp SE, Ruden LO, Pohl JC, Hatcher PA, Jayne LM, Ivie WM. 2010. Evaluation of the C. Diff Quik Chek complete assay, a new glutamate dehydrogenase and A/B toxin combination lateral flow assay for use in rapid, simple diagnosis of Clostridium difficile disease. J. Clin. Microbiol. 48:2082-2086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00129-10.
    • (2010) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.48 , pp. 2082-2086
    • Sharp, S.E.1    Ruden, L.O.2    Pohl, J.C.3    Hatcher, P.A.4    Jayne, L.M.5    Ivie, W.M.6
  • 22
    • 84894440768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-effectiveness of a modified two-step algorithm using a combined glutamate dehydrogenase/toxin enzyme immunoassay and real-time PCRfor the diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection
    • in press
    • Vasoo S, Stevens J, Portillo L, Barza R, Schejbal D, Wu MM, Chancey C, Singh K. Cost-effectiveness of a modified two-step algorithm using a combined glutamate dehydrogenase/toxin enzyme immunoassay and real-time PCRfor the diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection. J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect., in press. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmii.2012.07.008.
    • J. Microbiol. Immunol. Infect.
    • Vasoo, S.1    Stevens, J.2    Portillo, L.3    Barza, R.4    Schejbal, D.5    Wu, M.M.6    Chancey, C.7    Singh, K.8
  • 24
    • 65249184354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid detection of toxigenic strains of Clostridium difficile in diarrheal stools by real-time PCR
    • Barbut F, Braun M, Burghoffer B, Lalande V, Eckert C. 2009. Rapid detection of toxigenic strains of Clostridium difficile in diarrheal stools by real-time PCR. J. Clin. Microbiol. 47:1276-1277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM. 00309-09.
    • (2009) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.47 , pp. 1276-1277
    • Barbut, F.1    Braun, M.2    Burghoffer, B.3    Lalande, V.4    Eckert, C.5
  • 26
    • 75649148601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of diagnostic tests for Clostridium difficile infection
    • Swindells J, Brenwald N, Reading N, Oppenheim B. 2010. Evaluation of diagnostic tests for Clostridium difficile infection. J. Clin. Microbiol. 48: 606-608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.01579-09.
    • (2010) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.48 , pp. 606-608
    • Swindells, J.1    Brenwald, N.2    Reading, N.3    Oppenheim, B.4
  • 27
    • 82955220507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laboratory diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection: Can molecular amplification methods move us out of uncertainty?
    • Tenover FC, Baron EJ, Peterson LR, Persing DH. 2011. Laboratory diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection: can molecular amplification methods move us out of uncertainty? J. Mol. Diagn. 13:573-582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. jmoldx.2011.06.001.
    • (2011) J. Mol. Diagn. , vol.13 , pp. 573-582
    • Tenover, F.C.1    Baron, E.J.2    Peterson, L.R.3    Persing, D.H.4
  • 28
    • 23044503995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Case-control and two-gate designs in diagnostic accuracy studies
    • Rutjes AW, Reitsma JB, Vandenbroucke JP, Glas AS, Bossuyt PM. 2005. Case-control and two-gate designs in diagnostic accuracy studies. Clin. Chem. 51:1335-1341. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2005.048595.
    • (2005) Clin. Chem. , vol.51 , pp. 1335-1341
    • Rutjes, A.W.1    Reitsma, J.B.2    Vandenbroucke, J.P.3    Glas, A.S.4    Bossuyt, P.M.5
  • 29
  • 32
    • 0032926946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating bias and variability in diagnostic test reports
    • Mower WR. 1999. Evaluating bias and variability in diagnostic test reports. Ann. Emerg. Med. 33:85-91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0196-0644(99) 70422-1.
    • (1999) Ann. Emerg. Med. , vol.33 , pp. 85-91
    • Mower, W.R.1
  • 33
    • 79957940848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological model for Clostridium difficile transmission in healthcare settings
    • Lanzas C, Dubberke ER, Lu Z, Reske KA, Gröhn YT. 2011. Epidemiological model for Clostridium difficile transmission in healthcare settings. Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. 32:553-561. http://dx.doi.org/10. 1086/660013.
    • (2011) Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. , vol.32 , pp. 553-561
    • Lanzas, C.1    Dubberke, E.R.2    Lu, Z.3    Reske, K.A.4    Gröhn, Y.T.5
  • 34
    • 0029867014 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of contact isolation during a hospital outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
    • Jernigan JA, Titus MG, Gröschel DH, Getchell-White S, Farr BM. 1996. Effectiveness of contact isolation during a hospital outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Am. J. Epidemiol. 143:496-504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a008770.
    • (1996) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.143 , pp. 496-504
    • Jernigan, J.A.1    Titus, M.G.2    Gröschel, D.H.3    Getchell-White, S.4    Farr, B.M.5
  • 35
    • 77957763463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is repeat PCR needed for diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection? J
    • Luo RF, Banaei N. 2010. Is repeat PCR needed for diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection? J. Clin. Microbiol. 48:3738-3741. http://dx.doi.org/10. 1128/JCM.00722-10.
    • (2010) Clin. Microbiol. , vol.48 , pp. 3738-3741
    • Luo, R.F.1    Banaei, N.2
  • 36
    • 55849138317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonutility of repeat laboratory testing for detection of Clostridium difficile by use of PCR or enzyme immunoassay
    • Aichinger E, Schleck CD, Harmsen WS, Nyre LM, Patel R. 2008. Nonutility of repeat laboratory testing for detection of Clostridium difficile by use of PCR or enzyme immunoassay. J. Clin. Microbiol. 46:3795-3797. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00684-08.
    • (2008) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.46 , pp. 3795-3797
    • Aichinger, E.1    Schleck, C.D.2    Harmsen, W.S.3    Nyre, L.M.4    Patel, R.5
  • 37
    • 84867991729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of three enzyme immunoassays and a loop-mediated isothermal amplification test for the laboratory diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection
    • Bruins MJ, Verbeek E, Wallinga JA, Bruijnesteijn van Coppenraet LES, Kuijper EJ, Bloembergen P. 2012. Evaluation of three enzyme immunoassays and a loop-mediated isothermal amplification test for the laboratory diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. 31:3035-3039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10096-012-1658-y.
    • (2012) Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. , vol.31 , pp. 3035-3039
    • Bruins, M.J.1    Verbeek, E.2    Wallinga, J.A.3    Bruijnesteijn Van Coppenraet, L.E.S.4    Kuijper, E.J.5    Bloembergen, P.6
  • 38
    • 84865174667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of testing algorithms at a university hospital for detection of Clostridium difficile infections
    • Culbreath K, Ager E, Nemeyer RJ, Kerr A, Gilligan PH. 2012. Evolution of testing algorithms at a university hospital for detection of Clostridium difficile infections. J. Clin. Microbiol. 50:3073-3076. http://dx.doi.org/10. 1128/JCM.00992-12.
    • (2012) J. Clin. Microbiol. , vol.50 , pp. 3073-3076
    • Culbreath, K.1    Ager, E.2    Nemeyer, R.J.3    Kerr, A.4    Gilligan, P.H.5
  • 39
    • 84855289115 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of a simultaneous detection kit for the glutamate dehydrogenase antigen and toxin A/B in feces for diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection
    • Kawada M, Annaka M, Kato H, Shibasaki S, Hikosaka K, Mizuno H, Masuda Y, Inamatsu T. 2011. Evaluation of a simultaneous detection kit for the glutamate dehydrogenase antigen and toxin A/B in feces for diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection. J. Infect. Chemother. 17:807-811. http://dx.doi.org/10. 1007/s10156-011-0267-5.
    • (2011) J. Infect. Chemother. , vol.17 , pp. 807-811
    • Kawada, M.1    Annaka, M.2    Kato, H.3    Shibasaki, S.4    Hikosaka, K.5    Mizuno, H.6    Masuda, Y.7    Inamatsu, T.8
  • 41
    • 79956129482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mandatory reporting and improvements in diagnosing Clostridium difficile infection: An incompatible dichotomy?
    • Goldenberg SD, Price NM, Tucker D, Wade P, French GL. 2011. Mandatory reporting and improvements in diagnosing Clostridium difficile infection: an incompatible dichotomy? J. Infect. 62:363-370. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf. 2011.03.007.
    • (2011) J. Infect. , vol.62 , pp. 363-370
    • Goldenberg, S.D.1    Price, N.M.2    Tucker, D.3    Wade, P.4    French, G.L.5
  • 43
    • 84880606874 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical relevance of a positive molecular test in the diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection
    • Baker I, Leeming JP, Reynolds R, Ibrahim I, Darley E. 2013. Clinical relevance of a positive molecular test in the diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection. J. Hosp. Infect. 84:311-315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2013. 05.006.
    • (2013) J. Hosp. Infect. , vol.84 , pp. 311-315
    • Baker, I.1    Leeming, J.P.2    Reynolds, R.3    Ibrahim, I.4    Darley, E.5
  • 44
    • 15544364761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laboratory diagnosis of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea: A plea for culture
    • Delmée M, Van Broeck J, Simon A, Janssens M, Avesani V. 2005. Laboratory diagnosis of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhoea: a plea for culture. J. Med. Microbiol. 54:187-191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.45844-0.
    • (2005) J. Med. Microbiol. , vol.54 , pp. 187-191
    • Delmée, M.1    Van Broeck, J.2    Simon, A.3    Janssens, M.4    Avesani, V.5
  • 45
    • 84884510057 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of multilocus variable number of tandem repeats analysis genotyping to determine the role of asymptomatic carriers in Clostridium difficile transmission
    • Curry SR, Muto CA, Schlackman JL, Pasculle AW, Shutt KA, Marsh JW, Harrison LH. 2013. Use of multilocus variable number of tandem repeats analysis genotyping to determine the role of asymptomatic carriers in Clostridium difficile transmission. Clin. Infect. Dis. 57:1094-1102. http://dx.doi.org/10. 1093/cid/cit475.
    • (2013) Clin. Infect. Dis. , vol.57 , pp. 1094-1102
    • Curry, S.R.1    Muto, C.A.2    Schlackman, J.L.3    Pasculle, A.W.4    Shutt, K.A.5    Marsh, J.W.6    Harrison, L.H.7
  • 47
    • 84876917573 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asymptomatic Clostridium difficile colonization in a tertiary care hospital: Admission prevalence and risk factors
    • Leekha S, Aronhalt KC, Sloan LM, Patel R, Orenstein R. 2013. Asymptomatic Clostridium difficile colonization in a tertiary care hospital: admission prevalence and risk factors. Am. J. Infect. Control 41:390-393. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2012.09.023.
    • (2013) Am. J. Infect. Control , vol.41 , pp. 390-393
    • Leekha, S.1    Aronhalt, K.C.2    Sloan, L.M.3    Patel, R.4    Orenstein, R.5
  • 48
    • 84857741366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterisation of Clostridium difficile hospital ward-based transmission using extensive epidemiological data and molecular typing
    • Infections in Oxforshire Research Database.
    • Walker AS, Eyre DW, Wyllie DH, Dingle KE, Harding RM, O'Connor L, Griffiths D, Vaughan A, Finney J, Wilcox MH, Crook DW, Peto TEA, Infections in Oxforshire Research Database. 2012. Characterisation of Clostridium difficile hospital ward-based transmission using extensive epidemiological data and molecular typing. PLoS Med. 9:e1001172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed. 1001172.
    • (2012) PLoS Med. , vol.9
    • Walker, A.S.1    Eyre, D.W.2    Wyllie, D.H.3    Dingle, K.E.4    Harding, R.M.5    O'Connor, L.6    Griffiths, D.7    Vaughan, A.8    Finney, J.9    Wilcox, M.H.10    Crook, D.W.11    Tea, P.12


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.