A critical appraisal of microemulsions for drug delivery: Part I

Therapeutic Delivery

Volumn 4, Issue 12, 2013, Pages 1547-1564

  Sapra, Bharti ^a   Thatai, Purva ^a   Bhandari, Sameer ^a   Sood, Jatin ^a   Jindal, Manish ^a   Tiwary, Ashok ^a  

^a PUNJABI UNIVERSITY   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CATIONIC SURFACTANT; CLOPIDOGREL; COSURFACTANT; CREMOPHOR; DECANOIC ACID; DICLOFENAC; DODECYL SULFATE SODIUM; IONIC LIQUID; MACROGOL 400; MYRISTIC ACID ISOPROPYL ESTER; NONIONIC SURFACTANT; OIL; PALMITIC ACID; POLYSORBATE 80; SORBITAN LAURATE;

BIOAVAILABILITY; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM; HYDROPHILICITY; LIPOPHILICITY; MICELLE; MICROEMULSION; NANOEMULSION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SKIN TEMPERATURE; SOLUBILITY; SOLUBILIZATION; TEMPERATURE;

EID: 84890345966     PISSN: 20415990     EISSN: 20416008     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4155/tde.13.116     Document Type: Review

References (161)

1. Schulman JH, Stoeckenius W, Prince LM. Mechanism of formation and structure of microemulsions by electron microscopy. J. Phys. Chem. 63, 1677-1680 (1959
2. Helfrich W. Elastic properties of lipid bilayers: Theory and possible experiments. Z. Naturforsch. C 28(11), 693-703 (1973
3. Golubovic L, Lubensky TC. Thermal fluctuations and phase equilibrium in microemulsions. Phys. Rev. A. 41(8), 4343-4366 (1990
4. Byelov D, Frielinghaus H, Holderer O, Allgaier J, Richter D. Microemulsion efficiency boosting and the complementary effect. 1. Structural properties. Langmuir 20, 10433-10443 (2004
5. Daicic J, Olsson U, Wennerstrom H, Jerke G, Schurtenberger P. Thermodynamics of the L3 (sponge) phase in the flexible surface model. J. Phys. 5, 199-215 (1995
6. Pithapurwala YK, Shah DO. Interfacial composition of microemulsions: Modified Schulman-Bowcott medel. Chem. Eng. Commun. 29, 101-112 (1984
7. Ruckenstein E, Krishnan R. Swollen micellar models for solubilization. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 71(2), 321-335 (1979
8. Widom B. Lattice-gas model of amphiphiles and of their orientation at interfaces. J. Phys Chem. 88(26), 6508-6514 (1984
9. Widom B. Lattice model of microemulsions. J. Chem. Phys. 84(12), 6943-6955 (1986
10. Nagarajan R, Chaiko MA, Ruckenstein E. Locus of solubilization of benzene in surfactant micelles. J. Phys. Chem. 88, 2916-2922 (1984
11. Israelachvili JN. Intermolecular and Surface Forces (2nd Edition). Israelachvili JN (Ed.). Academic Press, London, UK (1991
12. Nagarajan R, Ruckenstein E. Molecular theory of microemulsions. Langmuir 16, 6400-6415 (2000
13. Marqusee JA, Dill KA. Solute partitioning into chain molecule interphases: Monolayers, bilayer membranes and micelles. J. Chem. Phys. 85 (1), 434 -435 (1986
14. Brady JF, Phillips RJ, Lesterj JC, Bossis G. Dynamic simulation of hydrodynamically interacting suspensions. J. Fluid Mech. 195, 257-280 (1988
15. Hurter PN, Scheutjens JM, Hatton TA. Molecular modeling of micelle formation and solubilization in block copolymer micelles. 2. Lattice theory for monomers with internal degrees of freedom. Macromolecules 26(19), 5030-5040 (1993
16. Ermak DL, McCammon JA. Brownian dynamics with hydrodynamic interactions. J. Chem. Phys. 69(4), 1352 -1356 (1978
17. Wennerström H, Olsson U. Microemulsions as model systems. Comptes Rendus Chimie 12(1-2), 4-17 (2009
18. Li P, Hynes SR, Haefele TF, Pudipeddi M, Royce AE, Serajuddin AT. Development of clinical dosage forms for a poorly water-soluble drug II: Formulation and characterization of a novel solid microemulsion preconcentrate system for oral delivery of a poorly water-soluble drug. J. Pharm Sci. 98(5), 1750-1764 (2009
19. Kweon JH, Chi SC, Park ES. Transdermal delivery of diclofenac using microemulsions. Arch. Pharm. Res. 27(3), 351-356 (2004
20. Fanun M. Diclofenac solubilization in microemulsions based on mixed nonionic Surfactants and R (+)-limonene. J. Dispersion Sci. Technol. 31, 936-944 (2010
21. Patel V, Kukadiya H, Mashru R, Surti N, Mandal S. Development of microemulsion for solubility enhancement of clopidogrel. Iran. J. Pharmaceut. Res. 9(4), 327-334 (2010
22. Sane R, Mittapalli RK, Elmquist WF. Development and evaluation of a novel microemulsion formulation of Elacridar to improve its bioavailability. J. Pharm. Sci. 102(4), 1343-1354 (2013
23. Ghosh PK, Murthy RS. Microemulsions: A potential drug delivery system. Curr. Drug Deliv. 3(2), 167-180 (2006
24. Mukerjee P. Solubilization in micellar systems. Pure Appl. Chem. 52(5), 1317-1321(1980
25. Jonsson B, Landgren M, Olofsson G. Solubilization in Surfactant Aggregates. In: Surfactant Sciences Series 55. Christian SC Scamehorn JF (Eds). Marcel Dekker Inc., NY, USA, 115-141 (1995
26. Bansal VK, Shah DO, O'Connell JP. Influence of alkyl chain length compatibility on microemulsion structure and solubilization. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 75(2), 462-475 (1980
27. Malcolmson C, Lawrence MJ. Three-component nonionic oil-in-water microemulsions using polyoxyethylene ether surfactants. Colloids Surf. B Biointerfaces 4(2), 97-109 (1995
28. Minana-Perez M, Gracia A, Lachaise J, Salagar JL. Solubilization of polar oils with extended surfactants. Colloids Surf. A 100, 217-224(1995
29. Monduzzi M, Caboi F, Larche F, Olsson U. DDAB microemulsions - dependence on the oil chain length. Langmuir 13(8), 2184-2190(1997
30. Warisnoicharoen W, Lansley AB, Lawrence MJ. Nonionic oil-in-water microemulsions: The effect of oil type on phase behaviour. Int. J. Pharm. 198(1), 7-27(2000
31. Hosmer J, Reed R, Bentley M, Adwoa Nornoo A, Lopes LB. Microemulsions containing medium-chain glycerides as transdermal delivery systems for hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. AAPS Pharm. Sci. Tech. 10 (2), 589-596 (2009
32. Constantinides PP, Scalart JP, Lancaster C et al. Formulation and intestinal absorption enhancement evaluation of water-in-oil microemulsions incorporating medium-chain glycerides. Pharm. Res. 11(10), 1385-1390 (1994
33. Nornoo AO, Zheng H, Lopes LB, Johnson-Restrepo B, Kannan K, Reed R. Oral microemulsions of paclitaxel: In situ and pharmacokinetic studies. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 71(2), 310-317 (2009
34. Singh HN, Prasad D, Kumar S. Water solubilization in microemulsions containing amines as cosurfactant. J. Oil Fat Ind. 70(1), 69-73 (1992
35. Jurasin D, Habus I, Vincekovic NF. Role of the alkyl chain number and head groups location on surfactants self-assembly in aqueous solutions. Colloids Surf. A 368(1-3), 119-128 (2010
36. Prajapati HN, Dalrymple DM, Serajuddin AT. A comparative evaluation of mono-, di- and triglyceride of medium chain fatty acids by lipid/surfactant/ water phase diagram, solubility determination and dispersion testing for application in pharmaceutical dosage form development. Pharm. Res. 29(1), 285-305 (2012
37. Patel DP, Li P, Serajuddin ATM. Enhanced microemulsion formation in lipid-based drug delivery systems by combining mono-esters of medium chain fatty acids with di- or tri-esters. J. Excipients Food Chem. 3(2), 29-44 (2012
38. Sripriya R, Raja KM, Santhosh G, Chandrasekaran M, Noel M. The effect of structure of oil phase, surfactant and cosurfactant on the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of bicontinuous microemulsion. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 314(2), 712-717 (2007
39. Kahlweit M, Strey R, Firman P, Haase D. Phase behavior of ternary systems: Water-oil-nonionic surfactant as a near-tricritical phenomenon. Langmuir 1(3), 281-288 (1985
40. Kegel WK, Lekkerkerker HNW. Competition between a lamellar and a microemulsion phase in an ionic surfactant system. J. Phys. Chem. 97(42), 11124-11133 (1993
41. Ling CJ, Ju WC, Zno LG, Yong ZG. Studies on middle-phase microemulsions of green surfactant n- dodecyl polyglucoside C12G1.46. Chin. J. Chem. 21(1), 25-29 (2003
42. Cash L, Cayias JL, Fournier G et al. The application of low interfacial tension scaling rules to binary hydrocarbon mixtures. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 59(1), 39-44 (1977
43. Queste S, Salager JL, Strey R, Aubry JM. The EACN scale for oil classification revisited thanks to fish diagrams. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 312(1), 98-107 (2007
44. Bouton F, Durand M, Nardello-Rataj V, Serry M, Aubry JM. Classification of terpene oils using the fish diagrams and the equivalent alkane carbon (EACN) scale. Colloids Surf. A 338(1-3), 142-147 (2009
45. Kunieda H, Nakano A, Angeles Pes M. Effect of oil on the solubilization in microemulsion systems including nonionic surfactant mixtures. Langmuir 11(9), 3302-3306 (1995
46. Malcolmson C, Satra C, Kantaria S, Sidhu A, Lawrence MJ. Effect of oil on the level of solubilization of testosterone propionate into nonionic oil-in-water microemulsions. J. Pharm. Sci. 87(1), 109-116 (1998
47. Warisnoicharoen W, Lansley AB, Lawrence MJ. Light-scattering investigations on dilute nonionic oil-in-water microemulsions. AAPS Pharmsci. 2(2), E12 (2000
48. Olsson U, Nagai K, Wennerstroem H. Microemulsions with nonionic surfactants. 1. Diffusion process of oil molecules. J. Phys. Chem. 92(23), 6675-6679 (1988
49. Chen SH, Chang S, Strey R. Simulation of bicontinuous microemulsions: Comparison of simulated real-space microstructures with scattering experiments. J. Appl. Cryst. 24(5), 721-731(1991
50. Lindman B, Shinoda K, Olsson U, Anderson D, Karlstrom G, Wennerstrom H. On the demonstration of bicontinuous structures in microemulsions. Colloids Surf. 38(1), 205-224 (1989
51. Huang KL, Shigeta K, Kunieda H. Phase behavior of polyoxyethylene dodecyl ether-water systems. Prog. Colloid Polym. Sci. 110, 171-174 (1998
52. Kunieda H, Ozawa K, Aramaki K, Nakano A, Solans C. Formation of microemulsions in mixed ionicnonionic surfactant systems. Langmuir 14(2), 260-263 (1998
53. Kunieda H, Umizu G, Aramaki K. Effect of mixing oils on the hexagonal liquid crystalline structures. J. Phys. Chem. B. 104(9), 2005-2011 (2000
54. Ozawa K, Olsson U, Kunieda H. Oil-induced structural change in nonionic microemulsions. J. Dispers. Sci. Technol. 22(1), 119-124 (2001
55. Jana PK, Moulik SP. Interaction of bile salts with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and sodium dodecyl sulfate. J. Phys. Chem. 95, 9525-9532 (1999
56. Abe M, Tsubaki N, Ogino K. Solution properties of mixed surfactant system: V. The effect of alkyl groups in nonionic surfactant on surface tension of anionic-nonionic surfactant systems. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 107(2), 503-508 (1985
57. Smith IH, Ottewill RH. Studies on binary mixtures of fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon surface active agents. In: Surface Active Agents. Society for Chemistry and Industry. London, UK, 89-98 (1979
58. Abe M, Uchiyama H, Yamaguchi T et al. Micelle formation of pure nonionic surfactants and their mixtures. Langmuir 8(9), 2147-2151 (1992
59. Herrington KL, Kaler EW, Miller DD, Zasadzinski JA, Chiruvolu S. Phase behavior of aqueous mixtures of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). J. Phys. Chem. 97, 13792-13802 (1993
60. Joensson B, Jokela P, Khan A, Lindman B, Sadaghiani A. Catanionic surfactants: Phase behavior and microemulsions. Langmuir 7(5), 889-895 (1991
61. Israelachvili J. The science and applications of emulsions - an overview. Colloids Surf. A 91, 1-8 (1994
62. Pes MA, Aramaki K, Nakamura N, Kunieda H. Temperature-insensitive microemulsions in a sucrose monoalkanoate system. J. Colloids. Interface Sci. 178(2), 666-672 (1996
63. Kunieda H, Ushio N, Nakano A, Miura M. Three-phase behavior in a mixed sucrose alkanoate and polyethyleneglycol alkyl ether system. J. Colloids. Interf. Sci. 159(1), 37- 44 (1993
64. Sottmann T, Strey R. Ultralow interfacial tensions in water-n-alkane-surfactant systems. J. Chem. Phys. 106 (20), 8606-8616 (1997
65. Aramaki K, Kunieda H, Ishitobi M, Tagawa T. Effect of added salt on three-phase behavior in a sucrose monoalkanoate system. Langmuir 13(8), 2266-2270 (1997
66. Kunieda H, Shinoda K. Evaluation of the hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) of nonionic surfactants. I. Multisurfactant systems. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 107(1), 107-121(1985
67. Kunieda H, Yamagata M. Mixing of nonionic surfactants at water-oil interfaces in microemulsions. Langmuir 9(12), 3345-3351 (1993
68. Kahlweit M, Faulhaber, Busse G. Microemulsions with mixtures of nonionic and ionic amphiphiles. Langmuir 10(8), 2528-2532 (1994
69. Ryan LD, Kaler EW. Effect of alkyl sulfates on the phase behavior and microstructure of alkyl polyglucoside microemulsions. J. Phys. Chem. 102(39), 7549-7556 (1998
70. Silas JA, Kaler EW, Hill RM. Effect of didodecyldimethylammonium bromide on the phase behavior of nonionic surfactantsilicone oil microemulsions. Langmuir 17, 4534-4539 (2001
71. Fukuda K, Olsson U, Wuerz U. A surfactant-water-oil system with weakly charged films. Langmuir 10, 3222-3229 (1994
72. Douglas CB, Kaler EW. Bilayer phases in aqueous mixtures of dodecylpentaoxyethylene glycol monoether (C12E5) and sodium decyl sulfonate (C10SO3Na). J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 90(3), 471-477 (1994
73. Mitra RK, Paul BK. Effect of temperature and salt on the phase behavior of nonionic and mixed nonionic-ionic microemulsions with fish-tail diagrams. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 291(2), 550-559 (2005
74. Resende KX, Correa MX, Gomes de Oliveira A, Scarpa MV. Effect of cosurfactant on the supramolecular structure and physicochemical properties of nonionic biocompatible microemulsions. Brazilian J. Pharm. Sci. 44(1), 35-42 (2008
75. Patel DP, Li P, Serajuddin ATM. Enhanced microemulsion formation in lipid-based drug delivery systems by combining mono-esters of medium chain fatty acids with di- or tri-esters. J. Excipients Food Chem. 3(2), 29-44 (2012
76. Sripriya R, Raja KM, Santhosh G, Chandrasekaran M, Noel M. The effect of structure of oil phase, surfactant and cosurfactant on the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of bicontinuous microemulsion. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 314(2), 712-717 (2007
77. Kahlweit M, Strey R, Firman P, Haase D. Phase behavior of ternary systems: Water-oil-nonionic surfactant as a near-tricritical phenomenon. Langmuir 1(3), 281-288 (1985
78. Kegel WK, Lekkerkerker HNW. Competition between a lamellar and a microemulsion phase in an ionic surfactant system. J. Phys. Chem. 97(42), 11124-11133 (1993
79. Ling CJ, Ju WC, Zno LG, Yong ZG. Studies on middle-phase microemulsions of green surfactant n- dodecyl polyglucoside C12G1.46. Chin. J. Chem. 21(1), 25-29 (2003
80. Cash L, Cayias JL, Fournier G et al. The application of low interfacial tension scaling rules to binary hydrocarbon mixtures. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 59(1), 39-44 (1977
81. Queste S, Salager JL, Strey R, Aubry JM. The EACN scale for oil classification revisited thanks to fish diagrams. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 312(1), 98-107 (2007
82. Bouton F, Durand M, Nardello-Rataj V, Serry M, Aubry JM. Classification of terpene oils using the fish diagrams and the equivalent alkane carbon (EACN) scale. Colloids Surf. A 338(1-3), 142-147 (2009
83. Kunieda H, Nakano A, Angeles Pes M. Effect of oil on the solubilization in microemulsion systems including nonionic surfactant mixtures. Langmuir 11(9), 3302-3306 (1995
84. Malcolmson C, Satra C, Kantaria S, Sidhu A, Lawrence MJ. Effect of oil on the level of solubilization of testosterone propionate into nonionic oil-in-water microemulsions. J. Pharm. Sci. 87(1), 109-116 (1998
85. Warisnoicharoen W, Lansley AB, Lawrence MJ. Light-scattering investigations on dilute nonionic oil-in-water microemulsions. AAPS Pharmsci. 2(2), E12 (2000
86. Olsson U, Nagai K, Wennerstroem H. Microemulsions with nonionic surfactants. 1. Diffusion process of oil molecules. J. Phys. Chem. 92(23), 6675-6679 (1988
87. Chen SH, Chang S, Strey R. Simulation of bicontinuous microemulsions: Comparison of simulated real-space microstructures with scattering experiments. J. Appl. Cryst. 24(5), 721-731(1991
88. Lindman B, Shinoda K, Olsson U, Anderson D, Karlstrom G, Wennerstrom H. On the demonstration of bicontinuous structures in microemulsions. Colloids Surf. 38(1), 205-224 (1989
89. Huang KL, Shigeta K, Kunieda H. Phase behavior of polyoxyethylene dodecyl ether-water systems. Prog. Colloid Polym. Sci. 110, 171-174 (1998
90. Kunieda H, Ozawa K, Aramaki K, Nakano A, Solans C. Formation of microemulsions in mixed ionicnonionic surfactant systems. Langmuir 14(2), 260-263 (1998
91. Kunieda H, Umizu G, Aramaki K. Effect of mixing oils on the hexagonal liquid crystalline structures. J. Phys. Chem. B. 104(9), 2005-2011 (2000
92. Ozawa K, Olsson U, Kunieda H. Oil-induced structural change in nonionic microemulsions. J. Dispers. Sci. Technol. 22(1), 119-124 (2001
93. Jana PK, Moulik SP. Interaction of bile salts with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and sodium dodecyl sulfate. J. Phys. Chem. 95, 9525-9532 (1999
94. Abe M, Tsubaki N, Ogino K. Solution properties of mixed surfactant system: V. The effect of alkyl groups in nonionic surfactant on surface tension of anionic-nonionic surfactant systems. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 107(2), 503-508 (1985
95. Smith IH, Ottewill RH. Studies on binary mixtures of fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon surface active agents. In: Surface Active Agents. Society for Chemistry and Industry. London, UK, 89-98 (1979
96. Abe M, Uchiyama H, Yamaguchi T et al. Micelle formation of pure nonionic surfactants and their mixtures. Langmuir 8(9), 2147-2151 (1992
97. Herrington KL, Kaler EW, Miller DD, Zasadzinski JA, Chiruvolu S. Phase behavior of aqueous mixtures of dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). J. Phys. Chem. 97, 13792-13802 (1993
98. Joensson B, Jokela P, Khan A, Lindman B, Sadaghiani A. Catanionic surfactants: Phase behavior and microemulsions. Langmuir 7(5), 889-895 (1991
99. Israelachvili J. The science and applications of emulsions - an overview. Colloids Surf. A 91, 1-8 (1994
100. Pes MA, Aramaki K, Nakamura N, Kunieda H. Temperature-insensitive microemulsions in a sucrose monoalkanoate system. J. Colloids. Interface Sci. 178(2), 666-672 (1996
101. Kunieda H, Ushio N, Nakano A, Miura M. Three-phase behavior in a mixed sucrose alkanoate and polyethyleneglycol alkyl ether system. J. Colloids. Interf. Sci. 159(1), 37- 44 (1993
102. Sottmann T, Strey R. Ultralow interfacial tensions in water-n-alkane-surfactant systems. J. Chem. Phys. 106 (20), 8606-8616 (1997
103. Aramaki K, Kunieda H, Ishitobi M, Tagawa T. Effect of added salt on three-phase behavior in a sucrose monoalkanoate system. Langmuir 13(8), 2266-2270 (1997
104. Kunieda H, Shinoda K. Evaluation of the hydrophile-lipophile balance (HLB) of nonionic surfactants. I. Multisurfactant systems. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 107(1), 107-121(1985
105. Kunieda H, Yamagata M. Mixing of nonionic surfactants at water-oil interfaces in microemulsions. Langmuir 9(12), 3345-3351 (1993
106. Kahlweit M, Faulhaber, Busse G. Microemulsions with mixtures of nonionic and ionic amphiphiles. Langmuir 10(8), 2528-2532 (1994
107. Ryan LD, Kaler EW. Effect of alkyl sulfates on the phase behavior and microstructure of alkyl polyglucoside microemulsions. J. Phys. Chem. 102(39), 7549-7556 (1998
108. Silas JA, Kaler EW, Hill RM. Effect of didodecyldimethylammonium bromide on the phase behavior of nonionic surfactantsilicone oil microemulsions. Langmuir 17, 4534-4539 (2001
109. Fukuda K, Olsson U, Wuerz U. A surfactant-water-oil system with weakly charged films. Langmuir 10, 3222-3229 (1994
110. Douglas CB, Kaler EW. Bilayer phases in aqueous mixtures of dodecylpentaoxyethylene glycol monoether (C12E5) and sodium decyl sulfonate (C10SO3Na). J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 90(3), 471-477 (1994
111. Mitra RK, Paul BK. Effect of temperature and salt on the phase behavior of nonionic and mixed nonionic-ionic microemulsions with fish-tail diagrams. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 291(2), 550-559 (2005
112. Resende KX, Correa MX, Gomes de Oliveira A, Scarpa MV. Effect of cosurfactant on the supramolecular structure and physicochemical properties of nonionic biocompatible microemulsions. Brazilian J. Pharm. Sci. 44(1), 35-42 (2008
113. Schmidts T, Dobler D, Nissing C, Runkel F. Influence of hydrophilic surfactants on the properties of multiple W/O/W emulsions. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 338(1), 184-192 (2009
114. Kunieda H, Ohyama K. Three-phase behavior and HLB numbers of bile salts and lecithin in a water-oil system. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 136(2), 432-439 (1990
115. Marques E, Khan A, Miguel MG, Lindman B. Self-assembly in mixtures of a cationic and an anionic surfactant: The sodium dodecyl sulfate- didodecyldimethylammonium bromide-water system. J. Phys. Chem. 97, 4729-4736 (1993
116. Caria A, Khan A. Phase behavior of catanionic surfactant mixtures: Sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate-didodecyldimethylammonium bromide-water system. Langmuir 12, 6282-6290 (1996
117. Donescu D, Fusulan L, Vasilescu M, Donescu A, Chiraleu F, Petcu C. The influence of monomers upon microemulsions with short chain cosurfactant. J. Dispers. Sci. Technol. 22(2), 231-244 (2001
118. Muller AS, Gagnaire J, Queneau Y, Karaoglanian M, Maître JP, Bouchu A. Winsor behaviour of sucrose fatty acid esters: Choice of the cosurfactant and effect of the surfactant composition. Colloids Surf. A. 203, 55-66 (2002
119. Foret L, Wurger A. Discontinuous bending rigidity and cosurfactant adsorption of amphiphile layers. Phys. Rev. Lett. 86(26), 5930-5933 (2011
120. Liu TQ, Zou AH, Guo R. Effect of surfactant and cosurfactant on the protecting corrosion for nickel. Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 16, 899-905 (2000
121. Moulik SP, Digout LG, Aylward WM, Palepu R. Studies on the interfacial composition and thermodynamic properties of w/o microemulsions. Langmuir 16(7), 3101-3106 (2000
122. Chern CS, Wu LJ. Kinetics of the microemulsion polymerization of styrene with short-chain alcohols as the cosurfactant. J. Polym. Sci. Polym. Chem. 39, 898-912 (2001
123. Hait SK, Moulik SP. Interfacial composition and thermodynamics of formation of water/isopropyl myristate water-in-oil microemulsions stabilized by butan-1-ol and surfactants like cetyl pyridinium chloride, cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, and sodium dodecyl sulfate. Langmuir 18, 6736-6744 (2002
124. Chew CH, Gan LM, Koh LL, Wong MK. Microemulsion systems with monobutyl ether of ethylene glycol or diethylene glycolas cosurfactant. J. Dispersion Sci. Tech. 9(1), 17-31 (1988
125. Bayrak Y. Interfacial composition and formation of w/o microemulsion with different amphiphiles and oils. Colloids Surf. A 247 (1-3), 99-10 (2004
126. Thevenin MA, Grossiord JL, Poelman MC. Sucrose esters/cosurfactant microemulsion systems for transdermal delivery: Assessment of bicontinuous structures. Int. J. Pharm. 137(2), 177-186 (1996
127. Kayali I, Qamhieh K, Habjoqa F et al. Phase behavior of microemulsions formulated with sodium alkyl polypropylene oxide sulfate and a cationic hydrotrope. J. Dispersion Sci. Tech. 33, 369-373 (2012
128. Salager JL, Anton RE, Forgiarini A, Marquez L. Formulation of microemulsions. In: Microemulsions Background, New Concepts, Applications, Perspective. Stubenrauch C (Ed.). Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK (2008
129. Nagarajan R. Molecular packing parameter and surfactant self-assembly: The neglected role of the surfactant tail. Langmuir 18, 31-38 (2002
130. Salager JL, Anton RE, Sabatini DA, Harwell JH, Acosta EJ, Tolosa LI. Enhancing solubilization in microemulsions - state of the art and current trends. J. Surfact. Deterg. 8, 3-21 (2005
131. Childs JD, Acosta E, Scamehorn JF, Sabatini DA. Surfactant-enhanced treatment of oil-based drill cuttings. J. Energy. Res. Technol. 127, 153-162 (2005
132. Witthayapanyanon A, Harwell JH, Sabatini DA. Hydrophilic-lipophilic deviation (HLD) method for characterizing conventional and extended surfactants. J. Colloid. Interf. Sci. 325, 259-266 (2008
133. Moniruzzaman M, Tahara Y, Tamura M, Kamiya N, Goto M. Ionic liquid-assisted transdermal delivery of sparingly soluble drugs. Chem. Commun. 46, 1452-1454 (2010
134. Rao VG, Ghosh S, Ghatak C, Mandal S, Brahmachari U, Sarkar N. Designing a new strategy for the formation of IL-in-oil microemulsions. J. Phys. Chem. 116, 2850-2855 (2012
135. Pramanik R, Sarkar S, Ghatak C, Rao VG, Setua P, Sarkar N. Microemulsions with surfactant TX100, cyclohexane, and an ionic liquid investigated by conductance, DLS, FTIR measurements, and study of solvent and rotational relaxation within this microemulsion. J. Phys. Chem. B. 114, 7579-7586 (2010
136. Harrar A, Zech O, Klaus A, Bauduin P, Kunz W. Influence of surfactant amphiphilicity on the phase behavior of IL-based microemulsions. J. Colloid. Interf. Sci. 362, 423-429 (2011
137. Shinoda K, Takeda H. The effect of added salts in water on the hydrophile-lipophile balance of nonionic surfactants: The effect of added salts on the phase inversion temperature of emulsions, J. Colloid. Interf. Sci. 32, 642-646 (1970
138. Bica K, Rijksen C, Nieuwenhuyzen M, Rogers R D. In search of pure liquid salt forms of aspirin: Ionic liquid approaches with acetylsalicylic acid and salicylic acid. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 12, 2011-2017 (2010
139. Hough WL, Rogers RD. Ionic liquids then and now: From solvents to materials to active pharmaceutical ingredients. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 80, 2262-2269 (2007
140. Pernak J, Sobaszkiewicz K, Mirska I. Anti-microbial activities of ionic liquids. Green Chem. 5, 52-56 (2003
141. Moniruzzaman M, Kamiya N, Goto M. Ionic liquid based microemulsion with pharmaceutically accepted components: Formulation and potential applications. J. Colloid. Interface Sci. 352, 136-142 (2010
142. Moniruzzaman M, Tahara Y, Tamura M, Kamiya N, Goto M. Ionic liquid-assisted transdermal delivery of sparingly soluble drugs. Chem Commun (Camb). 46, 1452-1454 (2010
143. Moniruzzaman M, Tamura M, Tahara Y, Kamiya N, Goto M. Ionic liquid-in-oil microemulsion as a potential carrier of sparingly soluble drug: Characterization and cytotoxicity evaluation. Int. J. Pharm. 400, 243-250 (2010
144. Fanun M. Phase behavior, transport, diffusion and structural parameters of nonionic surfactants microemulsions. J. Mol. Liq. 139, 14-22 (2008
145. Laughlin RG. The aqueous phase behavior of surfactants. Laughlin RG (Eds). Academic Press, SD, USA, (1994
146. Marszall L. Nonionic surfactants: Physical chemistry - surfactant sciences series. Shick MJ (Ed.) Marcel Dekker, NY, USA, 23, 493-547 (1987
147. Shinoda K, Kunieda H. Encyclopedia of emulsion technology. Becher P (Ed.). Marcel Dekker, NY, USA, 1, 337-367 (1983
148. Kunieda H, Sato Y. Recent progress on HLB system. In: Organized Solutions:Surfactants in science and technology - Surfactant Science Series. Friberg SE, Lindman B (Eds.). Marcel Dekker, NY, USA, 44, 67-88 (1992
149. Izquierdo P, Feng J, Esquena J et al. The influence of surfactant mixing ratio on nano-emulsion formation by the pit method. J. Colloids. Interf. Sci. 285, 388-394 (2005
150. Olsson U, Shinoda K, Lindman B. Change of the structure of microemulsions with the hydrophile-lipophile balance of nonionic surfactant as revealed by NMR self-diffusion studies. J. Phys. Chem. 90, 4083-4088 (1986
151. Wadle A, Fijrster Th, von Rybinski W. Influence of the microemulsion phase structure on the phase inversion temperature emulsification of polar oils. Colloids. Surf. A 76, 51-57 (1993
152. Mei Z, Xu J, Sun D. O/W nano-emulsions with tunable PIT induced by inorganic salts. Colloids. Surf. A 375(1-3), 102-108 (2011
153. Friberg SE, Corkery, RW, Blute IA. Phase inversion temperature (PIT) emulsification process. J. Chem. Eng. Data 56 (12), 4282-4290 (2011
154. Li X, Zhang Y, Fan Y et al. Preparation and evaluation of novel mixed micelles as nanocarriers for intravenous delivery of propofol. Nanoscale Res. Lett. 6(1), 275-283 (2011
155. Kim KM, Choi BM, Park SW et al. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of propofol microemulsion and lipid emulsion after an intravenous bolus and variable rate infusion. Anesthesiology 106(5), 924-934 (2007
156. Lee EH, Lee SH, Park DY et al. Physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of a reformulated microemulsion propofol in rats. Anesthesiology 109(3), 436-447 (2008
157. Li G, Fan Y, Li X et al. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a simple microemulsion formulation for propofol. Int. J. Pharm. 425(1-2), 53-61 (2012
158. Lohateeraparp P, Wilairuengsuwan P, Saiwan C, Sabatini DA, Harwell JH. Study of alcohol-free microemulsion systems containing fatty acids as cosurfactant. J. Surfact. Deterg. 6(1), 15-24 (2003
159. Cho YH, Kim S, Bae EK, Mok CK, Park J. Formulation of a cosurfactant-free O/W microemulsion using nonionic surfactant mixtures. J. Food. Sci. 73, E115-E121 (2008
160. Rozman B, Zvonar A, Falson F, Gasperlin M. Temperature-sensitive microemulsion gel: An effective topical delivery system for simultaneous delivery of vitamins C and E. AAPS Pharm. Sci. Tech. 10(1), 54-61 (2009
161. Han DH, Jin ZH, Jin YZ, Yin XZ, Shen YY, Gao ZG. Thermal reversible microemulsion system for poorly water-soluble YH439 for oral delivery. Chem Pharm. Bull. 58(1), 11-5 (2010