메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 28, Issue 3, 2013, Pages 595-613

Complementary cognitive capabilities, economic decision making, and aging

Author keywords

Cognitive aging; Crystallized intelligence; Decision making; Fluid intelligence

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; AVERSIVE BEHAVIOR; BEHAVIOR THEORY; COGNITION; COGNITIVE CAPABILITY THEORY; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYRSTALLIZED INTELLIGENCE; DECISION MAKING; DISCRIMINANT VALIDITY; ECONOMIC ASPECT; EXPERIENCE; FEMALE; FINANCIAL DEFICIT; FLUID INTELLIGENCE; GROUPS BY AGE AND SEX; HUMAN; KNOWLEDGE; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MENTAL PERFORMANCE; MULTIPLE CHOICE TEST; RELIABILITY; STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING;

EID: 84884309187     PISSN: 08827974     EISSN: 19391498     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0034172     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (155)

References (141)
  • 1
    • 34748829837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New developments in understanding skilled performance
    • doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00511.x
    • Ackerman, P. L. (2007). New developments in understanding skilled performance. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16, 235-239. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00511.x
    • (2007) Current Directions in Psychological Science , vol.16 , pp. 235-239
    • Ackerman, P.L.1
  • 2
    • 33745127361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Determinants of domain knowledge and independent study learning in an adult sample
    • doi:10.1037/0022-0663.98.2.366
    • Ackerman, P. L., & Beier, M. E. (2006). Determinants of domain knowledge and independent study learning in an adult sample. Journal of Educational Psychology, 98, 366-381. doi:10.1037/0022-0663.98.2.366
    • (2006) Journal of Educational Psychology , vol.98 , pp. 366-381
    • Ackerman, P.L.1    Beier, M.E.2
  • 3
    • 77949813743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The age of reason: Financial decisions over the life cycle and implications for regulation
    • doi:10.1353/eca.0.0067
    • Agarwal, S., Driscoll, J. C., Gabaix, X., & Laibson, D. (2009). The age of reason: Financial decisions over the life cycle and implications for regulation. Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, 2009, 51-117. doi:10.1353/eca.0.0067
    • (2009) Brookings Papers on Economic Activity , pp. 51-117
    • Agarwal, S.1    Driscoll, J.C.2    Gabaix, X.3    Laibson, D.4
  • 4
    • 84873511822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive abilities and household financial decision making
    • doi:10.1257/app.5.1.193
    • Agarwal, S., & Mazumder, B. (2013). Cognitive abilities and household financial decision making. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 5, 193-207. doi:10.1257/app.5.1.193
    • (2013) American Economic Journal: Applied Economics , vol.5 , pp. 193-207
    • Agarwal, S.1    Mazumder, B.2
  • 5
    • 0041109940 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hyperbolic consumption model: Calibration, simulation, and empirical evaluation
    • doi:10.1257/jep.15.3.47
    • Angeletos, G. M., Laibson, D., Repetto, A., Tobacman, J., & Weinberg, S. (2001). The hyperbolic consumption model: Calibration, simulation, and empirical evaluation. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, 15, 47-68. doi:10.1257/jep.15.3.47
    • (2001) The Journal of Economic Perspectives , vol.15 , pp. 47-68
    • Angeletos, G.M.1    Laibson, D.2    Repetto, A.3    Tobacman, J.4    Weinberg, S.5
  • 6
    • 0037331950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Coherent arbitrariness": Stable demand curves without stable preferences
    • Ariely, D., Loewenstein, G., & Prelec, D. (2003). "Coherent arbitrariness": Stable demand curves without stable preferences. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 118, 73-105.
    • (2003) Quarterly Journal of Economics , vol.118 , pp. 73-105
    • Ariely, D.1    Loewenstein, G.2    Prelec, D.3
  • 7
    • 0037336391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived self-efficacy and everyday problem solving among young and older adults
    • doi:10.1037/0882-7974.18.1.68
    • Artistico, D., Cervone, D., & Pezzuti, L. (2003). Perceived self-efficacy and everyday problem solving among young and older adults. Psychology and Aging, 18, 68-79. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.18.1.68
    • (2003) Psychology and Aging , vol.18 , pp. 68-79
    • Artistico, D.1    Cervone, D.2    Pezzuti, L.3
  • 8
    • 84884306147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bold borrowing and deferred defaults: Impatience and underwater mortgages
    • New York, NY: Columbia University
    • Atlas, S., Johnson, E. J., & Payne, J. W. (2011). Bold borrowing and deferred defaults: Impatience and underwater mortgages. New York, NY: Columbia University.
    • (2011)
    • Atlas, S.1    Johnson, E.J.2    Payne, J.W.3
  • 9
    • 84884295591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Online vs. in-person cognitive function tests of younger and older adults
    • New York, NY: Center for Decision Sciences, Columbia University
    • Baldassi, M., Weber, E. U., Johnson, E. J., Czaja, S. J., & Nair, S. N. (2010). Online vs. in-person cognitive function tests of younger and older adults. New York, NY: Center for Decision Sciences, Columbia University.
    • (2010)
    • Baldassi, M.1    Weber, E.U.2    Johnson, E.J.3    Czaja, S.J.4    Nair, S.N.5
  • 10
    • 77958526092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive function, numeracy and retirement saving trajectories
    • doi:10.1111/j.1468-0297.2010.02395.x
    • Banks, J., O'Dea, C., & Oldfield, Z. (2010). Cognitive function, numeracy and retirement saving trajectories. The Economic Journal, 120, F381-F410. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0297.2010.02395.x
    • (2010) The Economic Journal , vol.120
    • Banks, J.1    O'Dea, C.2    Oldfield, Z.3
  • 12
    • 0035141930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a behavioral economic understanding of drug dependence: Delay discounting processes
    • doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2001.961736.x
    • Bickel, W. K., & Marsch, L. A. (2001). Toward a behavioral economic understanding of drug dependence: Delay discounting processes. Addiction, 96, 73-86. doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2001.961736.x
    • (2001) Addiction , vol.96 , pp. 73-86
    • Bickel, W.K.1    Marsch, L.A.2
  • 13
    • 0001233581 scopus 로고
    • Alternative ways of assessing model fit
    • In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural models (pp.). Newbury Park, CA: Sage
    • Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural models (pp. 132-162). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
    • (1993) , pp. 132-162
    • Browne, M.W.1    Cudeck, R.2
  • 16
    • 0003670594 scopus 로고
    • Human cognitive abilities: A survey of factor-analytic studies
    • New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511571312
    • Carroll, J. B. (1993). Human cognitive abilities: A survey of factor-analytic studies. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511571312
    • (1993)
    • Carroll, J.B.1
  • 17
    • 33745606960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of a sense of time on human development
    • doi:10.1126/science.1127488
    • Carstensen, L. L. (2006). The influence of a sense of time on human development. Science, 312, 1913-1915. doi:10.1126/science.1127488
    • (2006) Science , vol.312 , pp. 1913-1915
    • Carstensen, L.L.1
  • 18
    • 0033093971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Taking time seriously: A theory of socioemotional selectivity
    • doi:10.1037/0003-066X.54.3.165
    • Carstensen, L. L., Isaacowitz, D. M., & Charles, S. T. (1999). Taking time seriously: A theory of socioemotional selectivity. American Psychologist, 54, 165-181. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.54.3.165
    • (1999) American Psychologist , vol.54 , pp. 165-181
    • Carstensen, L.L.1    Isaacowitz, D.M.2    Charles, S.T.3
  • 19
    • 0003934472 scopus 로고
    • Abilities: Their structure, growth, and action
    • New York, NY: Houghton Mifflin
    • Cattell, R. B. (1971). Abilities: Their structure, growth, and action. New York, NY: Houghton Mifflin.
    • (1971)
    • Cattell, R.B.1
  • 20
    • 0003934474 scopus 로고
    • Intelligence: Its structure, growth, and action
    • New York, NY: Elsevier Science Publishing
    • Cattell, R. B. (1987). Intelligence: Its structure, growth, and action. New York, NY: Elsevier Science Publishing.
    • (1987)
    • Cattell, R.B.1
  • 21
    • 0001373637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Schooling, intelligence, and income
    • doi:10.1037/0003-066X.52.10.1051
    • Ceci, S. J., & Williams, W. M. (1997). Schooling, intelligence, and income. American Psychologist, 52, 1051-1058. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.52.10.1051
    • (1997) American Psychologist , vol.52 , pp. 1051-1058
    • Ceci, S.J.1    Williams, W.M.2
  • 22
    • 55949117051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual laboratory-measured discount rates predict field behavior
    • doi:10.1007/s11166-008-9053-x
    • Chabris, C. F., Laibson, D., Morris, C., Schuldt, J., & Taubinsky, D. (2008). Individual laboratory-measured discount rates predict field behavior. Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 37, 237-269. doi:10.1007/s11166-008-9053-x
    • (2008) Journal of Risk and Uncertainty , vol.37 , pp. 237-269
    • Chabris, C.F.1    Laibson, D.2    Morris, C.3    Schuldt, J.4    Taubinsky, D.5
  • 23
    • 0041934523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incorporating the irrelevant: Anchors in judgments of belief and value
    • In T. Gilovich, D. Griffin, & D. Kahneman (Eds.), Heuristics and biases: The psychology of intuitive judgment (pp.). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press
    • Chapman, G. B., & Johnson, E. J. (2002). Incorporating the irrelevant: Anchors in judgments of belief and value. In T. Gilovich, D. Griffin, & D. Kahneman (Eds.), Heuristics and biases: The psychology of intuitive judgment (pp. 120-138). New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
    • (2002) , pp. 120-138
    • Chapman, G.B.1    Johnson, E.J.2
  • 24
    • 77449137089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social and emotional aging
    • doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100448
    • Charles, S. T., & Carstensen, L. L. (2010). Social and emotional aging. Annual Review of Psychology, 61, 383-409. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100448
    • (2010) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.61 , pp. 383-409
    • Charles, S.T.1    Carstensen, L.L.2
  • 25
    • 0041608090 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aging and emotional memory: The forgettable nature of negative images for older adults
    • doi:10.1037/0096-3445.132.2.310
    • Charles, S. T., Mather, M., & Carstensen, L. L. (2003). Aging and emotional memory: The forgettable nature of negative images for older adults. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 132, 310-324. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.132.2.310
    • (2003) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.132 , pp. 310-324
    • Charles, S.T.1    Mather, M.2    Carstensen, L.L.3
  • 26
    • 0024651729 scopus 로고
    • The logic of social exchange: Has natural selection shaped how humans reason? Studies with the Wason selection task
    • doi:10.1016/0010-0277(89)90023-1
    • Cosmides, L. (1989). The logic of social exchange: Has natural selection shaped how humans reason? Studies with the Wason selection task. Cognition, 31, 187-276. doi:10.1016/0010-0277(89)90023-1
    • (1989) Cognition , vol.31 , pp. 187-276
    • Cosmides, L.1
  • 27
    • 0004280257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The handbook of aging and cognition (2nd ed.)
    • Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Craik, F. I. M., & Salthouse, T. A. (2000). The handbook of aging and cognition (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (2000)
    • Craik, F.I.M.1    Salthouse, T.A.2
  • 28
    • 0030497193 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age differences in the realism of confidence judgments: A calibration study using tests of fluid and crystallized intelligence
    • doi:10.1016/S1041-6080(96)90027-8
    • Crawford, J. D., & Stankov, L. (1996). Age differences in the realism of confidence judgments: A calibration study using tests of fluid and crystallized intelligence. Learning and Individual Differences, 8, 83-103. doi:10.1016/S1041-6080(96)90027-8
    • (1996) Learning and Individual Differences , vol.8 , pp. 83-103
    • Crawford, J.D.1    Stankov, L.2
  • 29
    • 84884315062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CREATE common core battery of measures: Tech. Rep. No. CREATE-2006-01. Atlanta, GA: Center for Research and Education on Aging and Technology Enhancement (CREATE)
    • Czaja, S. J., Charness, N., Dijkstra, K., Fisk, A. D., Rogers, W. A., & Sharit, J. (2006). CREATE common core battery of measures: Tech. Rep. No. CREATE-2006-01. Atlanta, GA: Center for Research and Education on Aging and Technology Enhancement (CREATE).
    • (2006)
    • Czaja, S.J.1    Charness, N.2    Dijkstra, K.3    Fisk, A.D.4    Rogers, W.A.5    Sharit, J.6
  • 30
    • 33747057667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Factors predicting the use of technology: Findings from the Center for Research and Education on Aging and Technology Enhancement (CREATE)
    • doi:10.1037/0882-7974.21.2.333
    • Czaja, S. J., Charness, N., Fisk, A. D., Hertzog, C., Nair, S. N., Rogers, W. A., & Sharit, J. (2006). Factors predicting the use of technology: Findings from the Center for Research and Education on Aging and Technology Enhancement (CREATE). Psychology and Aging, 21, 333-352. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.21.2.333
    • (2006) Psychology and Aging , vol.21 , pp. 333-352
    • Czaja, S.J.1    Charness, N.2    Fisk, A.D.3    Hertzog, C.4    Nair, S.N.5    Rogers, W.A.6    Sharit, J.7
  • 31
    • 0003528579 scopus 로고
    • Descartes' error: Emotion, reason, and the human brain
    • New York, NY: Avon
    • Damasio, A. R. (1994). Descartes' error: Emotion, reason, and the human brain. New York, NY: Avon.
    • (1994)
    • Damasio, A.R.1
  • 32
    • 77951461834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preparation for retirement, financial literacy and cognitive resources
    • Lisbon, Portugal. Retrieved from
    • Delavande, A., Rohwedder, S., & Willis, R. (2008). Preparation for retirement, financial literacy and cognitive resources. Lisbon, Portugal. Retrieved from http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id 1337655
    • (2008)
    • Delavande, A.1    Rohwedder, S.2    Willis, R.3
  • 34
    • 77956108822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are risk aversion and impatience related to cognitive ability
    • doi:10.1257/aer.100.3.1238
    • Dohmen, T., Falk, A., Huffman, D., & Sunde, U. (2010). Are risk aversion and impatience related to cognitive ability? American Economic Review, 100, 1238-1260. doi:10.1257/aer.100.3.1238
    • (2010) American Economic Review , vol.100 , pp. 1238-1260
    • Dohmen, T.1    Falk, A.2    Huffman, D.3    Sunde, U.4
  • 35
    • 79955812678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual risk attitudes: Measurement, determinants, and behavioral consequences
    • doi:10.1111/j.1542-4774.2011.01015.x
    • Dohmen, T., Falk, A., Huffman, D., Sunde, U., Schupp, J., & Wagner, G. G. (2011). Individual risk attitudes: Measurement, determinants, and behavioral consequences. Journal of the European Economic Association, 9, 522-550. doi:10.1111/j.1542-4774.2011.01015.x
    • (2011) Journal of the European Economic Association , vol.9 , pp. 522-550
    • Dohmen, T.1    Falk, A.2    Huffman, D.3    Sunde, U.4    Schupp, J.5    Wagner, G.G.6
  • 36
    • 84884327520 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A metaanalytic and psychometric investigation of the effect of financial literacy on downstream financial behaviors
    • Boulder, CO: University of Colorado
    • Fernandes, D., Lynch, J. G., Jr., & Netemeyer, R. G. (2012). A metaanalytic and psychometric investigation of the effect of financial literacy on downstream financial behaviors. Boulder, CO: University of Colorado.
    • (2012)
    • Fernandes, D.1    Lynch, J.G.2    Netemeyer, R.G.3
  • 37
    • 15244350131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Task complexity and older adults' decision-making competence
    • doi:10.1037/0882-7974.20.1.71
    • Finucane, M. L., Mertz, C. K., Slovic, P., & Schmidt, E. S. (2005). Task complexity and older adults' decision-making competence. Psychology and Aging, 20, 71-84. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.20.1.71
    • (2005) Psychology and Aging , vol.20 , pp. 71-84
    • Finucane, M.L.1    Mertz, C.K.2    Slovic, P.3    Schmidt, E.S.4
  • 38
    • 33645810587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive reflection and decision making
    • doi:10.1257/089533005775196732
    • Frederick, S. (2005). Cognitive reflection and decision making. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 19, 25-42. doi:10.1257/089533005775196732
    • (2005) Journal of Economic Perspectives , vol.19 , pp. 25-42
    • Frederick, S.1
  • 39
    • 0041109884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time discounting and time preference: A critical review
    • doi:10.1257/002205102320161311
    • Frederick, S., Loewenstein, G., & O'Donoghue, T. (2002). Time discounting and time preference: A critical review. Journal of Economic Literature, 40, 351-401. doi:10.1257/002205102320161311
    • (2002) Journal of Economic Literature , vol.40 , pp. 351-401
    • Frederick, S.1    Loewenstein, G.2    O'Donoghue, T.3
  • 41
    • 0040481570 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Loss aversion and seller behavior: Evidence from the housing market
    • doi:10.1162/003355301753265561
    • Genesove, D., & Mayer, C. (2001). Loss aversion and seller behavior: Evidence from the housing market. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 116, 1233-1260. doi:10.1162/003355301753265561
    • (2001) Quarterly Journal of Economics , vol.116 , pp. 1233-1260
    • Genesove, D.1    Mayer, C.2
  • 42
    • 84965506940 scopus 로고
    • Discounting of delayed rewards: A life-span comparison
    • doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1994.tb00610.x
    • Green, L., Fry, A. F., & Myerson, J. (1994). Discounting of delayed rewards: A life-span comparison. Psychological Science, 5, 33-36. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1994.tb00610.x
    • (1994) Psychological Science , vol.5 , pp. 33-36
    • Green, L.1    Fry, A.F.2    Myerson, J.3
  • 44
    • 0033145962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictors of crossword puzzle proficiency and moderators of age-cognition relations
    • doi:10.1037/0096-3445.128.2.131
    • Hambrick, D. Z., Salthouse, T. A., & Meinz, E. J. (1999). Predictors of crossword puzzle proficiency and moderators of age-cognition relations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 128, 131-164. doi: 10.1037/0096-3445.128.2.131
    • (1999) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.128 , pp. 131-164
    • Hambrick, D.Z.1    Salthouse, T.A.2    Meinz, E.J.3
  • 45
    • 36849005631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bounded rationality, emotions and older adult decision making: Not so fast and yet so frugal
    • doi:10.1159/000109835
    • Hanoch, Y., Wood, S., & Rice, T. (2007). Bounded rationality, emotions and older adult decision making: Not so fast and yet so frugal. Human Development, 50, 333-358. doi:10.1159/000109835
    • (2007) Human Development , vol.50 , pp. 333-358
    • Hanoch, Y.1    Wood, S.2    Rice, T.3
  • 46
    • 21344477719 scopus 로고
    • Modeling loss aversion and reference dependence effects on brand choice
    • doi:10.1287/mksc.12.4.378
    • Hardie, B. G. S., Johnson, E. J., & Fader, P. S. (1993). Modeling loss aversion and reference dependence effects on brand choice. Marketing Science, 12, 378-394. doi:10.1287/mksc.12.4.378
    • (1993) Marketing Science , vol.12 , pp. 378-394
    • Hardie, B.G.S.1    Johnson, E.J.2    Fader, P.S.3
  • 47
    • 55649099945 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Financial literacy, information and demand elasticity: Survey and experimental evidence from Mexico
    • NBER Working Paper No. 14538
    • Hastings, J., & Tejeda-Ashton, L. (2008). Financial literacy, information and demand elasticity: Survey and experimental evidence from Mexico. NBER Working Paper No. 14538.
    • (2008)
    • Hastings, J.1    Tejeda-Ashton, L.2
  • 48
    • 77953982768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Processing speed and memory mediate age-related differences in decision making
    • doi:10.1037/a0019096
    • Henninger, D. E., Madden, D. J., & Huettel, S. A. (2010). Processing speed and memory mediate age-related differences in decision making. Psychology and Aging, 25, 262-270. doi:10.1037/a0019096
    • (2010) Psychology and Aging , vol.25 , pp. 262-270
    • Henninger, D.E.1    Madden, D.J.2    Huettel, S.A.3
  • 49
    • 0002586051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aging-related constraints and adaptations in social information processing
    • In U. V. Hecker, S. Dutke, & G. Sedek (Eds.), Generative mental processes and cognitive resources: Integrative research on adaptation and control (pp.). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer. doi:10.1007/978-94-011-4373-8_5
    • Hess, T. M. (2000). Aging-related constraints and adaptations in social information processing. In U. V. Hecker, S. Dutke, & G. Sedek (Eds.), Generative mental processes and cognitive resources: Integrative research on adaptation and control (pp. 129-155). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Kluwer. doi:10.1007/978-94-011-4373-8_5
    • (2000) , pp. 129-155
    • Hess, T.M.1
  • 50
    • 0031967660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related priming effects in social judgments
    • doi:10.1037/0882-7974.13.1.127
    • Hess, T. M., McGee, K. A., Woodburn, S. M., & Bolstad, C. A. (1998). Age-related priming effects in social judgments. Psychology and Aging, 13, 127-137. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.13.1.127
    • (1998) Psychology and Aging , vol.13 , pp. 127-137
    • Hess, T.M.1    McGee, K.A.2    Woodburn, S.M.3    Bolstad, C.A.4
  • 51
    • 0035213114 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motivation and representational processes in adulthood: The effects of social accountability and information relevance
    • doi:10.1037/0882-7974.16.4.629
    • Hess, T. M., Rosenberg, D. C., & Waters, S. J. (2001). Motivation and representational processes in adulthood: The effects of social accountability and information relevance. Psychology and Aging, 16, 629-642. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.16.4.629
    • (2001) Psychology and Aging , vol.16 , pp. 629-642
    • Hess, T.M.1    Rosenberg, D.C.2    Waters, S.J.3
  • 52
    • 0033933466 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motivational and cognitive influences on affective priming in adulthood
    • doi:10.1093/geronb/55.4.P193
    • Hess, T. M., Waters, S. J., & Bolstad, C. A. (2000). Motivational and cognitive influences on affective priming in adulthood. The Journals of Gerontology, 55B, 193-204. doi:10.1093/geronb/55.4.P193
    • (2000) The Journals of Gerontology , vol.55 B , pp. 193-204
    • Hess, T.M.1    Waters, S.J.2    Bolstad, C.A.3
  • 53
    • 28044445744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Household financial management: The connection between knowledge and behavior
    • Hilgert, M. A., Hogarth, J. M., & Beverly, S. G. (2003). Household financial management: The connection between knowledge and behavior. Federal Reserve Bulletin (Jul), 309-322.
    • (2003) Federal Reserve Bulletin (Jul) , pp. 309-322
    • Hilgert, M.A.1    Hogarth, J.M.2    Beverly, S.G.3
  • 54
    • 0014048126 scopus 로고
    • Age differences in fluid and crystallized intelligence
    • doi:10.1016/0001-6918(67)90011-X
    • Horn, J. L., & Cattell, R. B. (1967). Age differences in fluid and crystallized intelligence. Acta Psychologica, 26, 107-129. doi:10.1016/0001-6918(67)90011-X
    • (1967) Acta Psychologica , vol.26 , pp. 107-129
    • Horn, J.L.1    Cattell, R.B.2
  • 55
    • 67650706330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cutoffcriteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives
    • doi:10.1080/10705519909540118
    • Hu, L., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoffcriteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling, 6(1), 1-55. doi:10.1080/10705519909540118
    • (1999) Structural Equation Modeling , vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-55
    • Hu, L.1    Bentler, P.M.2
  • 56
    • 64149130091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The time course of age-related preferences toward positive and negative stimuli
    • doi:10.1093/geronb/gbn036
    • Isaacowitz, D. M., Allard, E. S., Murphy, N. A., & Schlangel, M. (2009). The time course of age-related preferences toward positive and negative stimuli. The Journals of Gerontology, 64B, 188-192. doi:10.1093/geronb/gbn036
    • (2009) The Journals of Gerontology , vol.64 B , pp. 188-192
    • Isaacowitz, D.M.1    Allard, E.S.2    Murphy, N.A.3    Schlangel, M.4
  • 57
    • 0032611479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ironic effects of repetition: Measuring age-related differences in memory
    • doi:10.1037/0278-7393.25.1.3
    • Jacoby, L. L. (1999). Ironic effects of repetition: Measuring age-related differences in memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 25, 3-22. doi:10.1037/0278-7393.25.1.3
    • (1999) Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning Memory and Cognition , vol.25 , pp. 3-22
    • Jacoby, L.L.1
  • 59
    • 34547791231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time preference, time discounting, and smoking decisions
    • doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2007.02.004
    • Khwaja, A., Silverman, D., & Sloan, F. (2007). Time preference, time discounting, and smoking decisions. Journal of Health Economics, 26, 927-949. doi:10.1016/j.jhealeco.2007.02.004
    • (2007) Journal of Health Economics , vol.26 , pp. 927-949
    • Khwaja, A.1    Silverman, D.2    Sloan, F.3
  • 60
    • 21244476006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Framing effects in young and old adults
    • doi:10.1093/geronb/60.4.P215
    • Kim, S., Goldstein, D., Hasher, L., & Zacks, R. T. (2005). Framing effects in young and old adults. Journal of Gerontology, 60B, 215-218. doi: 10.1093/geronb/60.4.P215
    • (2005) Journal of Gerontology , vol.60 B , pp. 215-218
    • Kim, S.1    Goldstein, D.2    Hasher, L.3    Zacks, R.T.4
  • 61
    • 12844264825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The attraction effect in decision making: Superior performance by older adults
    • Kim, S., & Hasher, L. (2005). The attraction effect in decision making: Superior performance by older adults. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 58A, 120-133.
    • (2005) Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology , vol.58 A , pp. 120-133
    • Kim, S.1    Hasher, L.2
  • 62
    • 0003563819 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd ed.)
    • New York, NY: Guilford Press
    • Kline, R. B. (2010). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (3rd ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
    • (2010)
    • Kline, R.B.1
  • 63
    • 26044447178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aging and decision-making: A comparison between neurologically healthy elderly and young individuals
    • doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2003.12.001
    • Kovalchik, S., Camerer, C. F., Grether, D. M., Plott, C. R., & Allman, J. M. (2005). Aging and decision-making: A comparison between neurologically healthy elderly and young individuals. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 58, 79-94. doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2003.12.001
    • (2005) Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization , vol.58 , pp. 79-94
    • Kovalchik, S.1    Camerer, C.F.2    Grether, D.M.3    Plott, C.R.4    Allman, J.M.5
  • 64
    • 0346896783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic integration: Affect, cognition, and the self in adulthood
    • doi:10.1046/j.0963-7214.2003.01262.x
    • Labouvie-Vief, G. (2003). Dynamic integration: Affect, cognition, and the self in adulthood. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 12, 201-206. doi:10.1046/j.0963-7214.2003.01262.x
    • (2003) Current Directions in Psychological Science , vol.12 , pp. 201-206
    • Labouvie-Vief, G.1
  • 65
    • 1642269059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transformations in the couplings among intellectual abilities and constituent cognitive processes across the life span
    • doi:10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.01503003.x
    • Li, S.-C., Lindenberger, U., Hommel, B., Aschersleben, G., Wolfgang, P., & Baltes, P. B. (2004). Transformations in the couplings among intellectual abilities and constituent cognitive processes across the life span. Psychological Science, 15, 155-163. doi:10.1111/j.0956-7976.2004.01503003.x
    • (2004) Psychological Science , vol.15 , pp. 155-163
    • Li, S.-C.1    Lindenberger, U.2    Hommel, B.3    Aschersleben, G.4    Wolfgang, P.5    Baltes, P.B.6
  • 66
    • 0027618861 scopus 로고
    • Speed and intelligence in old age
    • doi:10.1037/0882-7974.8.2.207
    • Lindenberger, U., Mayr, U., & Kliegl, R. (1993). Speed and intelligence in old age. Psychology and Aging, 8, 207-220. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.8.2.207
    • (1993) Psychology and Aging , vol.8 , pp. 207-220
    • Lindenberger, U.1    Mayr, U.2    Kliegl, R.3
  • 67
    • 0347758707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The complex nature of unique and shared effects in hierarchical linear regression: Implications for developmental psychology
    • doi:10.1037/1082-989X.3.2.218
    • Lindenberger, U., & Pötter, U. (1998). The complex nature of unique and shared effects in hierarchical linear regression: Implications for developmental psychology. Psychological Methods, 3, 218-230. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.3.2.218
    • (1998) Psychological Methods , vol.3 , pp. 218-230
    • Lindenberger, U.1    Pötter, U.2
  • 68
    • 79953130225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-sectional age variance extraction: What's change got to do with it
    • doi:10.1037/a0020525
    • Lindenberger, U., von Oertzen, T., Ghisletta, P., & Hertzog, C. (2011). Cross-sectional age variance extraction: What's change got to do with it? Psychology and Aging, 26, 34-47. doi:10.1037/a0020525
    • (2011) Psychology and Aging , vol.26 , pp. 34-47
    • Lindenberger, U.1    von Oertzen, T.2    Ghisletta, P.3    Hertzog, C.4
  • 69
    • 0035085441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General performance on a numeracy scale among highly educated samples
    • doi:10.1177/0272989X0102100105
    • Lipkus, I. M., Samsa, G., & Rimer, B. K. (2001). General performance on a numeracy scale among highly educated samples. Medical Decision Making, 21, 37-44. doi:10.1177/0272989X0102100105
    • (2001) Medical Decision Making , vol.21 , pp. 37-44
    • Lipkus, I.M.1    Samsa, G.2    Rimer, B.K.3
  • 70
    • 36248971366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Financial literacy and planning: Implications for retirement wellbeing
    • PA: Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania
    • Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2006). Financial literacy and planning: Implications for retirement wellbeing. Pension Research Council. Philadelphia, PA: Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania.
    • (2006) Pension Research Council. Philadelphia
    • Lusardi, A.1    Mitchell, O.S.2
  • 71
    • 33847049934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Baby Boomer retirement security: The roles of planning, financial literacy, and housing wealth
    • doi:10.1016/j.jmoneco.2006.12.001
    • Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2007). Baby Boomer retirement security: The roles of planning, financial literacy, and housing wealth. Journal of Monetary Economics, 54, 205-224. doi:10.1016/j.jmoneco.2006.12.001
    • (2007) Journal of Monetary Economics , vol.54 , pp. 205-224
    • Lusardi, A.1    Mitchell, O.S.2
  • 72
    • 78649938784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • how ordinary people make complex economics decisions: Financial literacy and retirement readiness
    • NBER Working Paper, 15350
    • Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2009). how ordinary people make complex economics decisions: Financial literacy and retirement readiness. NBER Working Paper, 15350.
    • (2009)
    • Lusardi, A.1    Mitchell, O.S.2
  • 73
    • 85011476664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Financial literacy around the world: An overview
    • doi:10.1017/S1474747211000448
    • Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2011). Financial literacy around the world: An overview. Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 10, 497-508. doi:10.1017/S1474747211000448
    • (2011) Journal of Pension Economics and Finance , vol.10 , pp. 497-508
    • Lusardi, A.1    Mitchell, O.S.2
  • 74
    • 75749095583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Debt literacy, financial experiences, and overindebtedness
    • Retrieved from
    • Lusardi, A., & Tufano, P. (2009). Debt literacy, financial experiences, and overindebtedness. Retrieved from http://www.dartmouth.edu/~alusardi/Papers/Lusardi_Tufano.pdf
    • (2009)
    • Lusardi, A.1    Tufano, P.2
  • 75
    • 0036903333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age, executive function and social decision making: A dorsolateral prefrontal theory of cognitive aging
    • doi:10.1037/0882-7974.17.4.598
    • MacPherson, S. E., Phillips, L. H., & Della Sala, S. (2002). Age, executive function and social decision making: A dorsolateral prefrontal theory of cognitive aging. Psychology and Aging, 17, 598-609. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.17.4.598
    • (2002) Psychology and Aging , vol.17 , pp. 598-609
    • MacPherson, S.E.1    Phillips, L.H.2    Della Sala, S.3
  • 76
    • 77953942512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When less is enough: Cognitive aging, information search, and decision quality in consumer choice
    • doi:10.1037/a0017927
    • Mata, R., & Nunes, L. (2010). When less is enough: Cognitive aging, information search, and decision quality in consumer choice. Psychology and Aging, 25, 289-298. doi:10.1037/a0017927
    • (2010) Psychology and Aging , vol.25 , pp. 289-298
    • Mata, R.1    Nunes, L.2
  • 77
    • 38649131932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The aging decision maker: Cognitive aging and the adaptive selection of decision strategies
    • doi:10.1037/0882-7974.22.4.796
    • Mata, R., Schooler, L. J., & Rieskamp, J. (2007). The aging decision maker: Cognitive aging and the adaptive selection of decision strategies. Psychology and Aging, 22, 796-810. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.22.4.796
    • (2007) Psychology and Aging , vol.22 , pp. 796-810
    • Mata, R.1    Schooler, L.J.2    Rieskamp, J.3
  • 78
    • 84988660321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of decision-making processes: Weighing the risks and benefits of aging
    • In L. L. Carstensen & C. R. Hartel (Eds.), When I'm 64 (pp.). Washington, DC: National Academy Press
    • Mather, M. (2006). A review of decision-making processes: Weighing the risks and benefits of aging. In L. L. Carstensen & C. R. Hartel (Eds.), When I'm 64 (pp. 145-173). Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
    • (2006) , pp. 145-173
    • Mather, M.1
  • 79
    • 25144473058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aging and motivated cognition: The positivity effect in attention and memory
    • doi:10.1016/j.tics.2005.08.005
    • Mather, M., & Carstensen, L. L. (2005). Aging and motivated cognition: The positivity effect in attention and memory. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9, 496-502. doi:10.1016/j.tics.2005.08.005
    • (2005) Trends in Cognitive Sciences , vol.9 , pp. 496-502
    • Mather, M.1    Carstensen, L.L.2
  • 80
    • 34247192113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bias in cross-sectional analyses of longitudinal mediation
    • doi:10.1037/1082-989X.12.1.23
    • Maxwell, S. E., & Cole, D. A. (2007). Bias in cross-sectional analyses of longitudinal mediation. Psychological Methods, 12, 23-44. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.12.1.23
    • (2007) Psychological Methods , vol.12 , pp. 23-44
    • Maxwell, S.E.1    Cole, D.A.2
  • 81
    • 0036963745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decision, decisions: Analysis of age, cohort, and time of testing on framing of risky decision options
    • doi:10.1518/0018720024496935
    • Mayhorn, C. B., Fisk, A. D., & Whittle, J. D. (2002). Decision, decisions: Analysis of age, cohort, and time of testing on framing of risky decision options. Human Factors, 44, 515-521. doi:10.1518/0018720024496935
    • (2002) Human Factors , vol.44 , pp. 515-521
    • Mayhorn, C.B.1    Fisk, A.D.2    Whittle, J.D.3
  • 82
    • 0036370109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative longitudinal structural analyses of the growth and decline of multiple intellectual abilities over the life span
    • doi:10.1037/0012-1649.38.1.115
    • McArdle, J. J., Ferrer-Caja, E., Hamagami, F., & Woodcock, R. W. (2002). Comparative longitudinal structural analyses of the growth and decline of multiple intellectual abilities over the life span. Developmental Psychology, 38, 115-142. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.38.1.115
    • (2002) Developmental Psychology , vol.38 , pp. 115-142
    • McArdle, J.J.1    Ferrer-Caja, E.2    Hamagami, F.3    Woodcock, R.W.4
  • 83
    • 84969410569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognition and economic outcomes in the health and retirement survey
    • McArdle, J. J., Smith, J. P., & Willis, R. (2009). Cognition and economic outcomes in the health and retirement survey. IZA Discussion Paper, (4269).
    • (2009) IZA Discussion Paper , vol.4269
    • McArdle, J.J.1    Smith, J.P.2    Willis, R.3
  • 84
    • 84884326983 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adaptive testing with selected Woodcock cognitive tests
    • Charlottesville, VA: Longitudinal Research Institute
    • McArdle, J. J., & Woodcock, R. W. (2009). Adaptive testing with selected Woodcock cognitive tests. Charlottesville, VA: Longitudinal Research Institute.
    • (2009)
    • McArdle, J.J.1    Woodcock, R.W.2
  • 85
    • 0020026522 scopus 로고
    • On the elicitation of preferences for alternative therapies
    • doi:10.1056/NEJM198205273062103
    • McNeil, B. J., Pauker, S. G., Sox, H. C., & Tversky, A. (1982). On the elicitation of preferences for alternative therapies. New England Journal of Medicine, 306, 1259-1262. doi:10.1056/NEJM198205273062103
    • (1982) New England Journal of Medicine , vol.306 , pp. 1259-1262
    • McNeil, B.J.1    Pauker, S.G.2    Sox, H.C.3    Tversky, A.4
  • 86
    • 77956947655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Present-biased preferences and credit card borrowing
    • doi:10.1257/app.2.1.193
    • Meier, S., & Sprenger, C. D. (2010). Present-biased preferences and credit card borrowing. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, 2, 193-210. doi:10.1257/app.2.1.193
    • (2010) American Economic Journal: Applied Economics , vol.2 , pp. 193-210
    • Meier, S.1    Sprenger, C.D.2
  • 87
    • 84884300947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temporal stability of time preferences
    • New York, NY: Columbia University
    • Meier, S., & Sprenger, C. D. (2013). Temporal stability of time preferences. New York, NY: Columbia University.
    • (2013)
    • Meier, S.1    Sprenger, C.D.2
  • 88
    • 84884323382 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mplus (Version 6). Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén
    • Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2010). Mplus (Version 6). Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.
    • (2010)
    • Muthén, L.K.1    Muthén, B.O.2
  • 89
    • 10844227306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidental prices and their effect on willingness to pay
    • doi:10.1509/jmkr.41.4.457.47014
    • Nunes, J. C., & Boatwright, P. (2004). Incidental prices and their effect on willingness to pay. Journal of Marketing Research, 41, 457-466. doi: 10.1509/jmkr.41.4.457.47014
    • (2004) Journal of Marketing Research , vol.41 , pp. 457-466
    • Nunes, J.C.1    Boatwright, P.2
  • 90
    • 0010104544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are investors reluctant to realize their losses
    • doi:10.1111/0022-1082.00072
    • Odean, T. (1998). Are investors reluctant to realize their losses? The Journal of Finance, 53, 1775-1798. doi:10.1111/0022-1082.00072
    • (1998) The Journal of Finance , vol.53 , pp. 1775-1798
    • Odean, T.1
  • 91
    • 0142096682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The bearable lightness of aging: Judgment and decision processes in older adults
    • In P. Stern & L. L. Carstensen (Eds.), The aging mind: Opportunities in cognitive research (pp.). Washington, DC: National Academies Press
    • Peters, E., Finucane, M. L., MacGregor, D. G., & Slovic, P. (2000). The bearable lightness of aging: Judgment and decision processes in older adults. In P. Stern & L. L. Carstensen (Eds.), The aging mind: Opportunities in cognitive research (pp. 144-165). Washington, DC: National Academies Press.
    • (2000) , pp. 144-165
    • Peters, E.1    Finucane, M.L.2    MacGregor, D.G.3    Slovic, P.4
  • 92
    • 84993709970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adult age differences in dual information processes: Implications for the role of affective and deliberative processes in older adults' decision making
    • doi:10.1111/j.1745-6916.2007.00025.x
    • Peters, E., Hess, T. M., Vaestfjaell, D., & Auman, C. (2007). Adult age differences in dual information processes: Implications for the role of affective and deliberative processes in older adults' decision making. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2, 1-23. doi:10.1111/j.1745-6916.2007.00025.x
    • (2007) Perspectives on Psychological Science , vol.2 , pp. 1-23
    • Peters, E.1    Hess, T.M.2    Vaestfjaell, D.3    Auman, C.4
  • 93
    • 44949168308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models
    • doi:10.3758/BRM.40.3.879
    • Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879-891. doi:10.3758/BRM.40.3.879
    • (2008) Behavior Research Methods , vol.40 , pp. 879-891
    • Preacher, K.J.1    Hayes, A.F.2
  • 94
    • 77953918492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age differences in the effects of conscious and unconscious thought in decision making
    • doi:10.1037/a0018856
    • Queen, T. L., & Hess, T. M. (2010). Age differences in the effects of conscious and unconscious thought in decision making. Psychology and Aging, 25, 251-261. doi:10.1037/a0018856
    • (2010) Psychology and Aging , vol.25 , pp. 251-261
    • Queen, T.L.1    Hess, T.M.2
  • 95
    • 77649187825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Individual differences, aging, and IQ in two-choice tasks
    • doi:10.1016/j.cogpsych.2009.09.001
    • Ratcliff, R., Thapar, A. & McKoon, G. (2010). Individual differences, aging, and IQ in two-choice tasks. Cognitive Psychology, 60, 127-157. doi:10.1016/j.cogpsych.2009.09.001
    • (2010) Cognitive Psychology , vol.60 , pp. 127-157
    • Ratcliff, R.1    Thapar, A.2    McKoon, G.3
  • 96
    • 80052222668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Only time will tell: Cross-sectional studies offer no solution to the age- brain- cognition triangle: Comment on Salthouse (2011)
    • doi:10.1037/a0024503
    • Raz, N., & Lindenberger, U. (2011). Only time will tell: Cross-sectional studies offer no solution to the age- brain- cognition triangle: Comment on Salthouse (2011). Psychological Bulletin, 137, 790-795. doi: 10.1037/a0024503
    • (2011) Psychological Bulletin , vol.137 , pp. 790-795
    • Raz, N.1    Lindenberger, U.2
  • 98
    • 69849108764 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Associations between a one-shot delay discounting measure and age, income, education and real-world impulsive behavior
    • doi:10.1016/j.paid.2009.07.026
    • Reimers, S., Maylor, E. A., Stewart, N., & Chater, N. (2009). Associations between a one-shot delay discounting measure and age, income, education and real-world impulsive behavior. Personality and Individual Differences, 47, 973-978. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2009.07.026
    • (2009) Personality and Individual Differences , vol.47 , pp. 973-978
    • Reimers, S.1    Maylor, E.A.2    Stewart, N.3    Chater, N.4
  • 99
    • 0036357346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standards for internet-based experimenting
    • doi:10.1026//1618-3169.49.4.243
    • Reips, U.-D. (2002). Standards for internet-based experimenting. Experimental Psychology, 49, 243-256. doi:10.1026//1618-3169.49.4.243
    • (2002) Experimental Psychology , vol.49 , pp. 243-256
    • Reips, U.-D.1
  • 100
    • 12844254444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risky decision making across three arenas of choice: Are younger and older adults differently susceptible to framing effects
    • doi:10.3200/GENP.132.1.81-93
    • Rönnlund, M., Karlsson, E., Laggnaess, E., Larsson, L., & Lindstroem, T. (2005). Risky decision making across three arenas of choice: Are younger and older adults differently susceptible to framing effects? Journal of General Psychology, 132, 81-93. doi:10.3200/GENP.132.1.81-93
    • (2005) Journal of General Psychology , vol.132 , pp. 81-93
    • Rönnlund, M.1    Karlsson, E.2    Laggnaess, E.3    Larsson, L.4    Lindstroem, T.5
  • 101
    • 0030641104 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shaping perceptions to motivate healthy behavior: The role of message framing
    • doi:10.1037/0033-2909.121.1.3
    • Rothman, A. J., & Salovey, P. (1997). Shaping perceptions to motivate healthy behavior: The role of message framing. Psychological Bulletin, 121, 3-19. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.121.1.3
    • (1997) Psychological Bulletin , vol.121 , pp. 3-19
    • Rothman, A.J.1    Salovey, P.2
  • 102
    • 84994997511 scopus 로고
    • Mediation of adult age differences in cognition by reductions in working memory and speed of processing
    • doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1991.tb00127.x
    • Salthouse, T. A. (1991). Mediation of adult age differences in cognition by reductions in working memory and speed of processing. Psychological Science, 2, 179-183. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.1991.tb00127.x
    • (1991) Psychological Science , vol.2 , pp. 179-183
    • Salthouse, T.A.1
  • 103
    • 0001144359 scopus 로고
    • Why do adult age differences increase with task complexity
    • doi:10.1037/0012-1649.28.5.905
    • Salthouse, T. A. (1992). Why do adult age differences increase with task complexity? Developmental Psychology, 28, 905-918. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.28.5.905
    • (1992) Developmental Psychology , vol.28 , pp. 905-918
    • Salthouse, T.A.1
  • 104
    • 33845370849 scopus 로고
    • Speed mediation of adult age differences in cognition
    • doi:10.1037/0012-1649.29.4.722
    • Salthouse, T. A. (1993). Speed mediation of adult age differences in cognition. Developmental Psychology, 29, 722-738. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.29.4.722
    • (1993) Developmental Psychology , vol.29 , pp. 722-738
    • Salthouse, T.A.1
  • 105
    • 58149204885 scopus 로고
    • The nature of the influence of speed on adult age differences in cognition
    • doi:10.1037/0012-1649.30.2.240
    • Salthouse, T. A. (1994). The nature of the influence of speed on adult age differences in cognition. Developmental Psychology, 30, 240-259. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.30.2.240
    • (1994) Developmental Psychology , vol.30 , pp. 240-259
    • Salthouse, T.A.1
  • 106
    • 0030194684 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition
    • doi:10.1037/0033-295X.103.3.403
    • Salthouse, T. A. (1996). The processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition. Psychological Review, 103, 403-428. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.103.3.403
    • (1996) Psychological Review , vol.103 , pp. 403-428
    • Salthouse, T.A.1
  • 107
    • 4043118287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What and when of cognitive aging
    • doi:10.1111/j.0963-7214.2004.00293.x
    • Salthouse, T. A. (2004). What and when of cognitive aging. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13, 140-144. doi:10.1111/j.0963-7214.2004.00293.x
    • (2004) Current Directions in Psychological Science , vol.13 , pp. 140-144
    • Salthouse, T.A.1
  • 108
    • 84993813712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mental exercise and mental aging: Evaluating the validity of the "use it or lose it" hypothesis
    • doi:10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00005.x
    • Salthouse, T. A. (2006). Mental exercise and mental aging: Evaluating the validity of the "use it or lose it" hypothesis. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1, 68-87. doi:10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00005.x
    • (2006) Perspectives on Psychological Science , vol.1 , pp. 68-87
    • Salthouse, T.A.1
  • 109
    • 84921992571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Major issues in cognitive aging
    • New York, NY: Oxford University Press
    • Salthouse, T. A. (2010). Major issues in cognitive aging. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
    • (2010)
    • Salthouse, T.A.1
  • 110
    • 80052235197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • All data collection and analysis methods have limitations: Reply to Rabbitt (2011) and Raz and Lindenberger (2011)
    • doi:10.1037/a0024843
    • Salthouse, T. A. (2011). All data collection and analysis methods have limitations: Reply to Rabbitt (2011) and Raz and Lindenberger (2011). Psychological Bulletin, 137, 796-799. doi:10.1037/a0024843
    • (2011) Psychological Bulletin , vol.137 , pp. 796-799
    • Salthouse, T.A.1
  • 111
    • 0344287524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Executive functioning as a potential mediator of age-related cognitive decline in normal adults
    • doi:10.1037/0096-3445.132.4.566
    • Salthouse, T. A., Atkinson, T. M., & Berish, D. E. (2003). Executive functioning as a potential mediator of age-related cognitive decline in normal adults. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 132, 566-594. doi:10.1037/0096-3445.132.4.566
    • (2003) Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , vol.132 , pp. 566-594
    • Salthouse, T.A.1    Atkinson, T.M.2    Berish, D.E.3
  • 112
    • 48649100245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contextual analysis of fluid intelligence
    • doi:10.1016/j.intell.2007.10.003
    • Salthouse, T. A., Pink, J. E., & Tucker-Drop, E. M. (2008). Contextual analysis of fluid intelligence. Intelligence, 36, 464-486. doi:10.1016/j.intell.2007.10.003
    • (2008) Intelligence , vol.36 , pp. 464-486
    • Salthouse, T.A.1    Pink, J.E.2    Tucker-Drop, E.M.3
  • 113
    • 84864388557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioemotional functioning and the aging brain
    • In J. Decety & J. T. Cacioppo (Eds.), The handbook of social neuroscience (pp.). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195342161.013.0034
    • Samanez-Larkin, G. R., & Carstensen, L. L. (2011). Socioemotional functioning and the aging brain. In J. Decety & J. T. Cacioppo (Eds.), The handbook of social neuroscience (pp. 507-521). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195342161.013.0034
    • (2011) , pp. 507-521
    • Samanez-Larkin, G.R.1    Carstensen, L.L.2
  • 115
    • 84972716150 scopus 로고
    • The Seattle longitudinal studies of adult intelligence
    • doi:10.1111/1467-8721.ep10769721
    • Schaie, K. Warner. (1993). The Seattle longitudinal studies of adult intelligence. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 2, 171-175. doi: 10.1111/1467-8721.ep10769721
    • (1993) Current Directions in Psychological Science , vol.2 , pp. 171-175
    • Schaie, K.W.1
  • 116
    • 1542408918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward an alternative representation for disentangling age-associated differences in general and specific cognitive abilities
    • doi:10.1037/0882-7974.19.1.40
    • Schmiedek, F., & Li, S.-C. (2004). Toward an alternative representation for disentangling age-associated differences in general and specific cognitive abilities. Psychology and Aging, 19, 40-56. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.19.1.40
    • (2004) Psychology and Aging , vol.19 , pp. 40-56
    • Schmiedek, F.1    Li, S.-C.2
  • 117
    • 43949087234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delay discounting and intelligence: A meta-analysis
    • doi:10.1016/j.intell.2007.09.004
    • Shamosh, N. A., & Gray, J. R. (2008). Delay discounting and intelligence: A meta-analysis. Intelligence, 36, 289-305. doi:10.1016/j.intell.2007.09.004
    • (2008) Intelligence , vol.36 , pp. 289-305
    • Shamosh, N.A.1    Gray, J.R.2
  • 118
    • 84875514169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations
    • doi:10.1037/1082-989X.7.4.422
    • Shrout, P. E., & Bolger, N. (2002). Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: New procedures and recommendations. Psychological Methods, 7, 422-445. doi:10.1037/1082-989X.7.4.422
    • (2002) Psychological Methods , vol.7 , pp. 422-445
    • Shrout, P.E.1    Bolger, N.2
  • 119
    • 12844268241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anchoring effects on consumers' willingness-to-pay and willingness-to-accept
    • doi:10.1086/425103
    • Simonson, I., & Drolet, A. (2004). Anchoring effects on consumers' willingness-to-pay and willingness-to-accept. Journal of Consumer Research, 31, 681-690. doi:10.1086/425103
    • (2004) Journal of Consumer Research , vol.31 , pp. 681-690
    • Simonson, I.1    Drolet, A.2
  • 120
    • 0041144277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Creative productivity: A predictive and explanatory model of career trajectories and landmarks
    • doi:10.1037/0033-295X.104.1.66
    • Simonton, D. K. (1997). Creative productivity: A predictive and explanatory model of career trajectories and landmarks. Psychological Review, 104, 66-89. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.104.1.66
    • (1997) Psychological Review , vol.104 , pp. 66-89
    • Simonton, D.K.1
  • 121
    • 77958612803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • financial decision making and cognition in a family context
    • doi:10.1111/j.1468-0297.2010.02394.x
    • Smith, J. P., McArdle, J. J., & Willis, R. (2010). financial decision making and cognition in a family context. The Economic Journal, 120, F363-F380. doi:10.1111/j.1468-0297.2010.02394.x
    • (2010) The Economic Journal , vol.120
    • Smith, J.P.1    McArdle, J.J.2    Willis, R.3
  • 122
    • 0037516677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Augmented discounting: Interaction between aging and time-preference behavior
    • doi:10.1098/rspb.2003.2344
    • Sozou, P. D., & Seymour, R. M. (2003). Augmented discounting: Interaction between aging and time-preference behavior. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London: Biology, 270, 1047-1053. doi:10.1098/rspb.2003.2344
    • (2003) Proceedings of the Royal Society of London: Biology , vol.270 , pp. 1047-1053
    • Sozou, P.D.1    Seymour, R.M.2
  • 123
    • 84948889709 scopus 로고
    • Structural model evaluation and modification: An interval estimation approach
    • doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr2502_4
    • Steiger, J. H. (1990). Structural model evaluation and modification: An interval estimation approach. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 25, 173-180. doi:10.1207/s15327906mbr2502_4
    • (1990) Multivariate Behavioral Research , vol.25 , pp. 173-180
    • Steiger, J.H.1
  • 124
    • 58149310740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cost of anchoring on credit-card minimum repayments
    • doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02255.x
    • Stewart, N. (2009). The cost of anchoring on credit-card minimum repayments. Psychological Science, 20, 39-41. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02255.x
    • (2009) Psychological Science , vol.20 , pp. 39-41
    • Stewart, N.1
  • 125
    • 47649114095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are older adults less subject to the sunk-cost fallacy than younger adults
    • doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02138.x
    • Strough, J., Mehta, C. M., McFall, J. P., & Schuller, K. L. (2008). Are older adults less subject to the sunk-cost fallacy than younger adults? Psychological Science, 19, 650-652. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02138.x
    • (2008) Psychological Science , vol.19 , pp. 650-652
    • Strough, J.1    Mehta, C.M.2    McFall, J.P.3    Schuller, K.L.4
  • 126
    • 0034908840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wisdom and aging: Irrational preferences in college students but not older adults
    • doi:10.1016/S0010-0277(01)00137-8
    • Tentori, K., Osherson, D., Hasher, L., & May, C. P. (2001). Wisdom and aging: Irrational preferences in college students but not older adults. Cognition, 81, B87-B96. doi:10.1016/S0010-0277(01)00137-8
    • (2001) Cognition , vol.81
    • Tentori, K.1    Osherson, D.2    Hasher, L.3    May, C.P.4
  • 127
    • 15244345568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age differences in everyday problem-solving and decision-making effectiveness: A meta-analytic review
    • doi:10.1037/0882-7974.20.1.85
    • Thornton, W. J., & Dumke, H. A. (2005). Age differences in everyday problem-solving and decision-making effectiveness: A meta-analytic review. Psychology and Aging, 20, 85-99. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.20.1.85
    • (2005) Psychology and Aging , vol.20 , pp. 85-99
    • Thornton, W.J.1    Dumke, H.A.2
  • 128
    • 0035600051 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A theory of time preference
    • doi:10.1093/ei/39.3.379
    • Trostel, P. A., & Taylor, G. A. (2001). A theory of time preference. Economic Inquiry, 39, 379-395. doi:10.1093/ei/39.3.379
    • (2001) Economic Inquiry , vol.39 , pp. 379-395
    • Trostel, P.A.1    Taylor, G.A.2
  • 129
    • 0019392722 scopus 로고
    • The framing of decisions and the psychology of choice
    • doi:10.1126/science.7455683
    • Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1981). The framing of decisions and the psychology of choice. Science, 211, 453-458. doi:10.1126/science.7455683
    • (1981) Science , vol.211 , pp. 453-458
    • Tversky, A.1    Kahneman, D.2
  • 130
    • 0001076162 scopus 로고
    • Loss aversion in riskless choice: A reference dependent model
    • doi:10.2307/2937956
    • Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1991). Loss aversion in riskless choice: A reference dependent model. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106, 1039-1061. doi:10.2307/2937956
    • (1991) The Quarterly Journal of Economics , vol.106 , pp. 1039-1061
    • Tversky, A.1    Kahneman, D.2
  • 131
    • 84884298557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • United Nations. World population ageing: 1950-2050. Retrieved from
    • United Nations. (2002). World population ageing: 1950-2050. Retrieved from http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/worldageing 19502050/
    • (2002)
  • 132
    • 0002329579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature: Suggestions, practices, and recommendations for organizational research
    • doi:10.1177/109442810031002
    • Vandenberg, R. J., & Lance, C. E. (2000). A review and synthesis of the measurement invariance literature: Suggestions, practices, and recommendations for organizational research. Organizational Research Methods, 3, 4-70. doi:10.1177/109442810031002
    • (2000) Organizational Research Methods , vol.3 , pp. 4-70
    • Vandenberg, R.J.1    Lance, C.E.2
  • 133
    • 79957959761 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Financial literacy and stock market participation
    • doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2011.03.006
    • van Rooij, M., Lusardi, A., & Alessie, R. (2011). Financial literacy and stock market participation. Journal of Financial Economics, 101, 449-472. doi:10.1016/j.jfineco.2011.03.006
    • (2011) Journal of Financial Economics , vol.101 , pp. 449-472
    • van Rooij, M.1    Lusardi, A.2    Alessie, R.3
  • 134
    • 0032330671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An anchoring and adjustment model of purchase quantity decisions
    • doi:10.2307/3151931
    • Wansink, B., Kent, R. J., & Hoch, S. J. (1998). An anchoring and adjustment model of purchase quantity decisions. Journal of Marketing Research, 35, 71-81. doi:10.2307/3151931
    • (1998) Journal of Marketing Research , vol.35 , pp. 71-81
    • Wansink, B.1    Kent, R.J.2    Hoch, S.J.3
  • 135
    • 84920768749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From intuition to analysis: Making decisions with our head, our heart, or by the book
    • In H. Plessner, C. Betsch, & T. Betsch (Eds.), Intuition in judgment and decision making (pp.). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Weber, E. U., & Lindemann, P. G. (2007). From intuition to analysis: Making decisions with our head, our heart, or by the book. In H. Plessner, C. Betsch, & T. Betsch (Eds.), Intuition in judgment and decision making (pp. 191-208). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (2007) , pp. 191-208
    • Weber, E.U.1    Lindemann, P.G.2
  • 136
    • 0003441705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wechsler adult intelligence scale III (3rd ed.)
    • San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation
    • Wechsler, D. (1997). Wechsler adult intelligence scale III (3rd ed.). San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
    • (1997)
    • Wechsler, D.1
  • 137
    • 50349093605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obese women show greater delay discounting than healthy-weight women
    • doi:10.1016/j.appet.2008.04.010
    • Weller, R. E., Cook, E. W., Avsar, K. B., & Cox, J. E. (2008). Obese women show greater delay discounting than healthy-weight women. Appetite, 51, 563-569. doi:10.1016/j.appet.2008.04.010
    • (2008) Appetite , vol.51 , pp. 563-569
    • Weller, R.E.1    Cook, E.W.2    Avsar, K.B.3    Cox, J.E.4
  • 138
    • 10644245058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Traders, managers and loss aversion in investment banking: A field study
    • doi:10.1016/S0361-3682(01)00029-0
    • Willman, P., Fenton-O'Creevy, M., Nicholson, N., & Soane, E. (2002). Traders, managers and loss aversion in investment banking: A field study. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 27, 85-98. doi:10.1016/S0361-3682(01)00029-0
    • (2002) Accounting Organizations and Society , vol.27 , pp. 85-98
    • Willman, P.1    Fenton-O'Creevy, M.2    Nicholson, N.3    Soane, E.4
  • 139
    • 22544484178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Older adults as adaptive decision makers: Evidence from the Iowa gambling task
    • doi:10.1037/0882-7974.20.2.220
    • Wood, S., Busemeyer, J., Koling, A., Cox, C., & Davis, H. (2005). Older adults as adaptive decision makers: Evidence from the Iowa gambling task. Psychology and Aging, 20, 220-225. doi:10.1037/0882-7974.20.2.220
    • (2005) Psychology and Aging , vol.20 , pp. 220-225
    • Wood, S.1    Busemeyer, J.2    Koling, A.3    Cox, C.4    Davis, H.5
  • 140
    • 0001906064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human memory. In F. I. M. Craik & T. A. Salthouse (Eds.), The handbook of aging and cognition (2nd ed., pp.). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum
    • Zacks, R. T., Hasher, L., & Li, K. Z. H. (2000). Human memory. In F. I. M. Craik & T. A. Salthouse (Eds.), The handbook of aging and cognition (2nd ed., pp. 293-357). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (2000) , pp. 293-357
    • Zacks, R.T.1    Hasher, L.2    Li, K.Z.H.3
  • 141
    • 77955687076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and truths about mediation analysis
    • doi:10.1086/651257
    • Zhao, X., Lynch, J. G., Jr., & Chen, Q. (2010). Reconsidering Baron and Kenny: Myths and truths about mediation analysis. Journal of Consumer Research, 37, 197-206. doi:10.1086/651257
    • (2010) Journal of Consumer Research , vol.37 , pp. 197-206
    • Zhao, X.1    Lynch, J.G.2    Chen, Q.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.