Rationale for an experimental treatment of retinitis pigmentosa: 140-Month test of hypothesis with one patient

Medical Hypotheses

Volumn 81, Issue 4, 2013, Pages 720-728

  Baumgartner, W A ^a   Baumgartner, A M ^a  

^a Ianus Foundation   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

APOPTOSIS INDUCING FACTOR; BRAIN DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; CASPASE 3; CILIARY NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; CYCLOOXYGENASE 2; CYTOCHROME C; FIBROBLAST GROWTH FACTOR 2; GAMMA INTERFERON; GLIAL CELL LINE DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR; GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE; HYDROXYL RADICAL; INDUCIBLE NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; INTERLEUKIN 2; INTERLEUKIN 6; MINOCYCLINE; MITOCHONDRIAL PERMEABILITY TRANSITION PORE; MITOGEN ACTIVATED PROTEIN KINASE P38; NERVE GROWTH FACTOR; PEROXY RADICAL; PROTEIN BCL 2; REACTIVE OXYGEN METABOLITE; SECOND MITOCHONDRIAL ACTIVATOR OF CASPASE; SELEGILINE; SOMATOMEDIN C; SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA;

APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER; CATALYST; CELL PROTECTION; CELL VIABILITY; DIABETIC MACULAR EDEMA; DOWN REGULATION; ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS; EXPERIMENTAL THERAPY; GENE OVEREXPRESSION; HUMAN; HYPERBARIC OXYGEN; HYPOTHESIS; LIGHT; LIPID PEROXIDATION; MICROGLIA; NEUROPROTECTION; NONHUMAN; OXIDATIVE STRESS; OXYGEN CONCENTRATION; OXYGEN TENSION; PERIMETRY; PHAGOCYTOSIS; PIGMENT EPITHELIUM; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; STARGARDT DISEASE; UPREGULATION; VISUAL ACUITY; VISUAL FIELD;

ADULT; ANTIOXIDANTS; APOPTOSIS; DRUG REPOSITIONING; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MINOCYCLINE; MODELS, BIOLOGICAL; NERVE GROWTH FACTORS; RETINAL CONE PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS; RETINAL ROD PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS; RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; SELEGILINE; TIME FACTORS; TREATMENT OUTCOME; VISUAL FIELDS;

EID: 84883745507     PISSN: 03069877     EISSN: 15322777     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2013.07.036     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Retinal Information Network, Accessed on 1-27-2013. http://www.sph.uth.tmc.edu/retnet.
2. Massof R.W., Dagnelie G., Benzchwal T., Palmer R.W., Finkelstein D. First order dynamics of visual field loss in retinitis pigmentosa. Clin Vis Sci 1990, 5:1-26.
3. Berson E.L., Sandberg M.A., Rosner B., Birch D.G., Hanson A.H. Natural course of retinitis pigmentosa over a three-year interval. Am J Ophthalmol 1985, 99:240-252.
4. Berson E.L., Rosner B., Sandberg M.A., et al. A randomized trial of vitamin A and vitamin E supplementation for retinitis pigmentosa. Arch Ophthalmol 1993, 3:761-772.
5. Berson E.L., Rosner B., Sandberg M.A., Weigel-DiFranco C., Willett W.C. Omega-3 intake and visual acuity in patients with retinitis pigmentosa receiving vitamin A. Arch Ophthalmol 2012, 130:707-711.
6. Baumgartner W.A. Etiology, pathogenesis, and experimental treatment of retinitis pigmentosa. Med Hypotheses 2000, 54:814-824.
7. Boulton M., Dontsov A., Jarvis-Evans J., Ostrovsky M., Svistunenko D. Lipofuscin is a photoinducible free radical generator. J Photochem Photobiol B 1993, 19:201-204.
8. Schwarz K., Baumgartner W.A. Kinetic studies on mitocchondrial enzymes during respiratory decline relating to the mode of action of tocopherol. The fat-soluble, vitamins 1969, 319-346. H.F. DeLuca, J.W. Suttie (Eds.).
9. Dow A. Deprenyl: the anti-aging drug 1993, Hallberg Publishing.
10. Radu R.A., Mata N.L., Nusinowitz S., Liu X., Sieving P.A., Travis G.H. Treatment with isotretinoin inhibits lipofuscin accumulation in a mouse model of recessive Stargardt's macular degeneration. PNAS 2003, 100(8):4742-4747.
11. 2A receptors in engulfment-dependent apoptotic cell suppression of inflammation. J Immunol 2011, 186:7144-7155.
12. Kim S., Elkon K.B., Ma X. Transcriptional suppression of interleukin-12 gene expression following phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. Immunity 2004, 21:643-653.
13. Van Epps H.L. Phagocytosis without inflammation. J Exp Med 2005, 201:487-488.
14. Spranger M., Kiprianova I., Krempian S., Schwab S. Reoxygenation increases the release of reactive oxygen intermediates in murine microglia. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1996, 18:670-674.
15. Gupta N., Brown K.E., Milam Ah Activated microglia in human retinitis pigmentosa, late-onset retinal degeneration, and age-related macular degeneration. Exp Eye Res 2003, 76:463-471.
16. Block M.L., Zecca L., Hong J. Microglia-mediated neurotoxicity: uncovering the molecular mechanisms. Nat Rec Neurosci 2007, 8:57-67.
17. Dimayuga F.O., Wang C., Clark J.M., Dimayuga E.R., Dimayuga V.M., Bruce-Keller A.J. SOD1 overexpression alters ROS production and reduces neurotoxic inflammatory signaling in microglial cells. J Neuroimmunol 2007, 182:89-99.
18. Trempe C. The Schepens Retina Assoc Fdn for Clin Res, Harvard University [Private communication].
19. Yu D.-Y., Cringle S.J. Retinal degeneration and local oxygen metabolism. Exp Eye Res 2005, 80:745-751.
20. Yu D.-Y., Cringle S., Valter K., Walsh N., Lee D., Stone J. Photoreceptor death, trophic factor expression, retinal oxygen status, and photoreceptor function in the P23H rat. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2004, 45:2013-2019.
21. Shen J., Yang X., Dong A., Petters R.M., et al. Oxidative damage is a potential cause of cone cell death in retinitis pigmentosa. J Cell Physiol 2005, 203:457-464.
22. Komeima K., Rogers B.S., Lu L., Campochiaro P.A. Antioxidants reduce cone cell death in a model of retinitis pigmentosa. Proc Natl Acad Sci 2006, 103:11300-11305.
23. Cingolani C., Rogers B., Lu L., Kachi S., Shen J., et al. Retinal degeneration for oxidative damage. Free Radic Biol Med 2006, 40:660-669.
24. Usui S., Komeima K., Lee S.Y., et al. Increased expression of catalase and superoxide dismutase 2 reduces cone cell death in retinitis pigmentosa. Mol Ther 2009, 17:778-786.
25. Lu L., Oveson B.C., Jo Y.J., Lauer T.W., Usui S., Komeima K., et al. Increased expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 strongly protects retina from oxidative damage. Antioxid Redox Signal 2009, 11:715-724.
26. 2-detoxifying enzyme in same cellular compartment. Free Radic Biol Med 2011, 51:1347-1354.
27. Pang J., Kiyosawa M., Seko Y., Yokota T., Harino S., Suzuki J. Clinicopathological report of retinitis pigmentosa with vitamin E deficiency caused by mutation of the α-tocopherol transfer protein gene. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2001, 45:672-676.
28. Biagini G., Frasold A., Fuxe K., Agnatia L.F. The concept of astro-kinetic drug in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases: evidence for l-deprenyl-induced activation of reactive astrocytes. Neurochem Int 1994, 25:17-22.
29. Semkova I., Wolz P., Schilling M., Krieglstein Selegiline enhances NGF synthesis and protects central nervous system neurons from excitotoxic and ischemic damage. Eur J Pharmacol 1996, 315:19-30.
30. Senuik N.A., Henderson J.T., Tatton W.G., Roder J.C. Increased CNTF gene expression in process-bearing astrocytes following injury is augmented by R(-)-deprenyl. J Neurosci Red 1994, 37:278-286.
31. Tang Y.P., Ma Y.L., Chao C.C., Chen K.Y., Lee E.H. Enhanced glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor mRNA expression upon (-)-deprenyl and melatonin treatments. J Neurosci Res 1998, 53:593-604.
32. Mixuta I., Ohta M., Ohta K., Nishimura M., Muzuta E., Hayashi K., et al. Selegiline and desmethylselegiline stimulate NGF, BDNF, and GDNF synthesis in cultured mouse astrocytes. Biochem Biophys Red Commun 2000, 279:751-755.
33. De la Cruz C.P., Revilla E., Rodriguez-Gomez J.A., Vizuete M.L., Cano J., Machado A. (-)-Deprenyl treatment restores serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) levels in aged rats to young rat level. Eur J Pharmacol 1997, 327:215-220.
34. Li X.M., Juorio A.V., Qi J., Boulton A.A. l-deprenyl potentiates NGF-induced changes in superoxide dismutase mRNA in PC12 cells. J Neurosci Res 1998, 53:235-238.
35. Riva M.A., Molteni R., Racagni G. l-deprenyl potentiates cAMP-induces elevation of FGF-2 mRNA levels in rat cortical astrocytes. Neuroreport 1997, 8:2165-2168.
36. Sieving P.A., Caruso R.C., Tao W., et al. Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) for human retinal degeneration: phase I trial of CNTF delivered by encapsulated cell intraocular implants. PNAS 2006, 103:3896-3901.
37. Léveillard T., Mohand-Saïd S., Lorentz, et al. Rod-derived cone viability factor is a clue for therapy of retinitis pigmentosa. Nat Genet 2004, 36:755-759.
38. Shahsuvaryan M.L. Apoptosis: current therapeutic approach in retinitis pigmentosa. J Physiol Pathophysiol 2011, 2:43-46.
39. Jordan J., Fernandez-Gomez F.J., Ramos M., Ikuta I., Aguirre N., Galindo M.F. Minocycline and cytoprotection: shedding new light on shadowy controversy. Curr Drug Deliv 2007, 4:225-232.
40. Elewa H.F., Hilali H., Hess D.C., Machado L.S., Fagan S.C. Minocycline for short-tem neuroprotection. Pharmacotherapy 2006, 26:515-521.
41. Wang X., Zhu S., Drozda M., et al. Minocycline inhibits caspase-independent and -dependent mitochondrial cell death pathways in models of Huntington's disease. Proc Nat Acad Sci 2003, 100:10483-10487.
42. Sharma V., Subrahmanya G.S., Ashok K.G. The effect of minocycline on oxidative stress and memory deficits in aged rats. Int J Pharm 2012, 2:71-79.
43. Tang M., Alexander H., Clark R.S.B., Kochanek P.M., Kagen V.E., Bayir H. Minocycline reduces neuronal death and attenuates microglial response after pediatric asphyxial cardiac arrest. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2010, 30:119-129.
44. Block M.L., Zecca L., Hong J.H. Microglia-mediated neurotoxicity: uncovering the molecular mechanism. Nat Rev 2007, 8:57-69.
45. Zhao L., Ma W., Fariss R.V., Wong W.T. Minocycline attenuates photoreceptor degeneration in a mouse model of subretinal hemorrhage. Am J Pathol 2011, 179:1265-1277.
46. Tomsik M., Skulskie M.A. Case report: minocycline use restores visual field in ischemic stroke patient. Prim Care Optom 2011, http://www.PCONSupersire.comview.aspx?ris=85494.
47. Yang L., Kim J., Kovacs K.D., Arroyo J.G., Chen D.F. Minocycline inhibition of photoreceptor degeneration. Arch Opthalmol 2009, 127:1475-1480.
48. Cukras C.A., Petrou P., Chew E.Y., Meyerle C.B., Wong W.T. Oral minocycline for the treatment of diabetic macular edema (DME): results of phaseI/II clinical study. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2012, 53(7):3865-3874.
49. Zhang C., Lei B., Lam T.T., Yang F., Sinha D., Tso M.O.M. Neuroprotection of photoreceptors by minocycline in light-induced retinal degeneration. Invest Ophthal Vis Sci 2004, 45:2753-2759.
50. Yang L., Zhu X., Tso M.O.M. Minocycline and sulforaphane inhibited lipopolysaccharide-mediated retinal microglial activation. Mol Vis 2007, 13:1083-1093.
51. Wang A.I., Yu A.C.H., Lau L.T., et al. Minocycline inhibits LPS-induced retinal microglia activation. Neurochem Int 2005, 47:152-158.
52. Yang L., Li Y., Zhu X., Tso M.O.M. Minocycline delayed photoreceptor death in the rds mice though iNOS-dependent mechanism. Mol Vis 2007, 13:1073-1082.
53. Chang C., Cherng C., Liou W., Liao C. Minocycline partially inhibits caspase-3 activation and photoreceptor degeneration after photic injury. Ophthalmic Res 2005, 37:202-213.
54. Baptiste D.C., Hartwick A.T.E., Jollimore C.A.B., Baldridge W.H., Seigal G.M., Kelly M.E.M. An investigation of the neuroprotective effects of tetracycline derivatives in experimental models of retinal cell death. Mol Pharmacol 2004, 66:1113-1122.
55. Leung D.W., Linleif L.A., Laabich A., et al. Minocycline protects photoreceptors from light and oxidative stress in primary bovine retinal cell culture. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2007, 48:412-421.
56. Elkayam O., Levartovsky D., Brautbar C., et al. Clinical and immunological study of 7 patients with minocycline-induced autoimmune phenomena. Am J Med 1998, 105:484-487.
57. Cunliffe W.J. Doctors should not change the way they prescribe for acne. BMJ 1996, 312:101.
58. Smith K., Leyden J.J. Safety of doxycycline and minocycline: a systematic review. Clin Ther 2005, 27:1329-1342.
59. Eichenflied A.H. Minocycline and autoimmunity. Curr Opin Pediatr 1999, 11:447-463.
60. Boyle M.P. Minocycline-induced pancreatitis. Chest 2001, 119:1283-1285.
61. Langevitz P., Livneh A., Bank I., Pras M. Benefits and risks of minocycline in rheumatoid arthritis. Drug Saf 2000, 22:405-414.
62. Trivedi C.D., Pitchumoni S.D. Drug-induced pancreatitis: an update. J Clin Gastroenterol 2005, 39:709-716.
63. Tenner S. Drug-induced acute pancreatitis: underdiagnosis and overdiagnosis. Dig Dis Sci 2010, 55:2706-2708.
64. Smotkin J., Tenner J. Laboratory diagnostic tests in acute pancreatitis. J Clin Gastroenterol 2002, 34:459-462.
65. Hakim E.D. Minocycline-induced pigmentation: incidence, prevention and management. Drug Saf 1998, 18:431-440.
66. Kalia S., Adams S.P. Can you identify their condition?. Canad Family Physicians 2006, 52:595-596.
67. Green D., Friedman K.J. Treatment of minocycline-induced cutaneous pigmentations with the Q-switched Alexandrite laser and a review of the literature. J Am Acad Dermatol 2001, 44:342-347.
68. Good M.L., Hussey D.L. Minocycline: stain devil?. Br J Dermatol 2003, 149:237-239.
69. Babizhayev M.A., Deyev A.I., Yermakova V.N., et al. Efficacy of N-acetyl carnosine in the treatment of cataracts. Drugs R D 2002, 3:87-103.
70. Neubauer R.A. The effect of hyperbaric oxygen in prolonged coma, possible identification of marginally functioning brain zone. Minerva Med Subacq Iperbar 1985, 5:75-79.
71. Busskamp V., Duebel J., Balya D., et al. Genetic reactivation of cone photoreceptors restores visual responses in retinitis pigmentosa. Science 2010, 329:413-417.
72. Vingolo E.M., Rocco M., Grenga P.L., Salvatore S., Pelaia P. Slowing the degenerative process; long lasting effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in retinitis pigmentosa. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2008, 246:93-98.
73. Nie H., Lao N., Chen S., Xu N., Zhu Z. Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning induces tolerance against spinal ischemia by upregulation of antioxidant enzymes in rabbits. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2006, 26:666-674.
74. Okada T., Kato I., Miho I., et al. Acute sensorineural hearing loss caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Acta Otolarynhol Supply 1996, 552:22-25.
75. Milla E., Zografos L., Piguet B. Bilateral optic papillitis following Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Ophthalomologica 1998, 212:344-346.