Time-resolved magnetic imaging in an aberration-corrected, energy-filtered photoemission electron microscope

Ultramicroscopy

Volumn 130, Issue , 2013, Pages 54-62

  Nickel, F ^a   Gottlob, D M ^a,d   Krug, I P ^a   Doganay, H ^a   Cramm, S ^a   Kaiser, A M ^b   Lin, G ^c,e   Makarov, D ^c   Schmidt, O G ^c   Schneider, C M ^a,d  

^a FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JÜLICH   (Germany)

^b SPECS SURFACE NANO ANALYSIS GMBH   (Germany)

^c IFW DRESDEN   (Germany)

^d UNIVERSITY OF DUISBURG ESSEN   (Germany)

^e CHEMNITZ UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Aberration correction; Photoemission electron microscopy; TR PEEM; X PEEM

Indexed keywords

ABERRATION CORRECTION; ABERRATION-CORRECTED; ELECTROSTATIC DEFLECTION; FAST MAGNETIZATION; PHOTOEMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPE; PHOTOEMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; TR-PEEM; X-PEEM;

AVALANCHE DIODES; MAGNETIZATION REVERSAL;

PHOTOEMISSION;

ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIODE LASER; ELECTRON MICROSCOPE; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; ENERGY FILTERED PHOTOEMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; EQUIPMENT DESIGN; MAGNETIC FIELD; MOLECULAR IMAGING; PROCESS DEVELOPMENT; STATIC ELECTRICITY; SYNCHROTRON; TIME;

EID: 84880845256     PISSN: 03043991     EISSN: 18792723     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2013.03.005     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Gallagher W.J., Parkin S.S.P. Development of the magnetic tunnel junction MRAM at IBM: from first junctions to a 16-Mb MRAM demonstrator chip. IBM Journal of Research and Development 2006, 50:5-23.
2. Meijer G.I. Who wins the nonvolatile memory race. Science 2008, 319:1625-1626.
3. Auciello O., Scott J.F., Ramesh R. The physics of ferroelectric memories. Physics Today 1998, 51:22-27.
4. Salje E.K.H. Multiferroic domain boundaries as active memory devices: trajectories towards domain boundary engineering. Chem Phys Chem 2010, 11:940-950.
5. 3. Journal of Applied Physics 1991, 69:2849-2856.
6. Waser R., Aono M. Nanoionics-based resistive switching memories. Nature Materials 2007, 6:833-840.
7. Schönhense G., Elmers H.J., Nepijko S.A., Schneider C.M. Time-resolved photoemision electron microscopy. Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics 2006, 142:159-323.
8. van der Laan G., Thole B.T., Sawatzky G.A., Goedkoop J.B., Fuggle J.C., Esteva J.M., Karnatak R., Remeika J.P., Dabkowska H.A. Experimental proof of magnetic x-ray dichroism. Physical Review B 1986, 34:6529.
9. Schütz G., Wagner W., Wilhelm W., Kienle P., Zeller R., Frahm R., Materlik G. Absorption of circularly polarized x rays in iron. Physical Review Letters 1987, 58:737.
10. Bauer E. Low energy electron microscopy. Reports on Progress in Physics 1994, 57:895-938.
11. Auston D.H. Picosecond optoelectronic switching and gating in silicon. Applied Physics Letters 1975, 26:101-103.
12. Krasyuk A., Oelsner A, Nepijko S.A., Kuksov A., Schneider C.M., Schönhense G. Time-resolved photoemission electron microscopy of magnetic field and magnetization changes. Applied Physics A. 2003, 76:863-868.
13. Vogel J., Kuch W., Bonfim M., Camarero J., Pennec Y., Offi F., Fukumoto K., Kirschner J., Fontaine A., Pizzini S. Time-resolved magnetic domain imaging by x-ray photoemission electron microscopy. Applied Physics Letters 2003, 82:2299-2301.
14. Raabe J., Quitmann C., Back C.H., Nolting F., Johnson S., Buehler C. Quantitative analysis of magnetic excitations in landau flux-closure structures using synchrotron-radiation microscopy. Physical Review Letters 2005, 94:217204.
15. Choe S.-B., Acremann Y., Scholl A., Bauer A., Doran A., Stöhr J., Padmore H.A. Vortex core driven magnetization dynamics. Science 2004, 304:420-422.
16. Krasyuk A., Wegelin F., Nepijko S.A., Elmers H.J., Schönhense G., Bolte M., Schneider C.M. Self-trapping of magnetic oscillation modes in landau flux-closure structures. Physical Review Letters 2005, 95:207201.
17. Kaiser A.M., Schöppner C., Römer F.M., Hassel C., Wiemann C., Cramm S., Nickel F., Grychtol P., Tieg C., Lindner J., Schneider C.M. Nano and picosecond magnetization dynamics of weakly coupled CoFe/Cr/NiFe trilayers studied by a multitechnique approach. Physical Review B 2011, 84:134406.
18. Quitmann C., Raabe J., Buehler C., Buess M., Johnson S., Nolting F., Schlott V., Streun A. Measuring magnetic excitations in microstructures using X-ray microscopy. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research A 2008, 588:494-501.
19. Kaiser A.M., Wiemann C., Cramm S., Schneider C.M. Influence of magnetocrystalline anisotropy on the magnetization dynamics of magnetic microstructures. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 2009, 21:314008.
20. Wiemann C., Kaiser A.M., Cramm S., Schneider C.M. Deflection gating for time-resolved x-ray magnetic circular dichroism-photoemission electron microscopy using synchrotron radiation. Review of Scientific Instruments 2012, 83:063706.
21. Rempfer G.F., Skoczylas W.P., Griffith O.H. Design and performance of a high-resolution photoelectron microscope. Ultramicroscopy 1991, 36:196-221.
22. Schmidt Th., Sala A., Marchetto H., Umbach E., Freund H.J. First experimental proof for aberration correction in XPEEM: resolution, transmission enhancement, and limitation by space charge effects. Ultramicroscopy 2012, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2012.11.004.
23. SPECS Surface Nano Analysis GmbH, Voltastr. 5, 13355 Berlin. http://www.specs.com.
24. Tromp R.M., Hannon J.B., Ellis A.W., Wan W., Berghaus A., Schaff O. A new aberration-corrected, energy-filtered LEEM/PEEM instrument I. Principles and design. Ultramicroscopy 2010, 110(852):852-861.
25. Tromp R.M., Hannon J.B., Wan W., Schaff O. A new aberration-corected, energy-filtered LEEM/PEEM instrument II. Operation and results. Ultramicroscopy 2012, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2012.07.016.
26. Tromp R.M., Fujikawa Y., Hannon J.B., Ellis A.W., Berghaus A., Schaff O. A simple energy filter for low energy electron microscopy/photoelectron emission microscopy instruments. Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter 2009, 21:314007.
27. Schramm S.M., Pang A.B., Altman M.S., Tromp R.M. A contrast transfer function approach for image calculations in standard and aberration-corrected LEEM and PEEM. Ultramicroscopy 2012, 115.
28. Demtröder W. Experimentalphysik 1995, vol 2. Springer, Berlin, Germany.
29. Bernardini C., Corazza G.F., diGiugno G., Ghigo G., Haissinski J., Marin P., Querzoli R., Touschek B. Lifetime and beam size in a storage ring. Physical Review Letters 1963, 10:407-409.
30. Hubert A., Schäfer R. Magnetic Domains-The Analysis of Magnetic Microstructures 1998, Spinger, Berlin. 1st ed.
31. Schneider C.M., Kuksov A., Krasyuk A., Oelsner A., Neeb D., Nepijko S.A., Schönhense G., Mönch I., Kaltofen R., Morais J., de Nadai C., Brookes N.B. Incoherent magnetization rotation observed in subnanosecond time-resolving x-ray photoemission electron microscopy. Applied Physics Letters 2004, 85:2562-2564.