Lowerature processing and control of structure and properties of TiO 2/c-sapphire epitaxial heterostructures

Journal of Materials Research

Volumn 28, Issue 13, 2013, Pages 1669-1679

  Bayati, Mohammad Reza ^a   Joshi, Shivani ^b   Narayan, Roger Jay ^a,c   Narayan, Jay ^a  

^a North Carolina State University   (United States)

^b AMITY UNIVERSITY   (India)

^c Biomedical Research Imaging Center   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATOMICALLY SHARP INTERFACE; CONTROL OF STRUCTURE; DEPOSITION TEMPERATURES; EPITAXIAL HETEROSTRUCTURES; EPITAXIAL RELATIONSHIPS; GROWTH CHARACTERISTIC; SCANNING TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; SUBSTRATE TEMPERATURE;

ATOMIC FORCE MICROSCOPY; EPITAXIAL GROWTH; OXIDE MINERALS; OXYGEN; PHOTOELECTRONS; POINT DEFECTS; SAPPHIRE; SURFACE ROUGHNESS; TITANIUM DIOXIDE; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; X RAY DIFFRACTION; X RAY PHOTOELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY;

EPITAXIAL FILMS;

EID: 84880230580     PISSN: 08842914     EISSN: 20445326     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2013.42     Document Type: Article

References (57)

1. M.R. Bayati, A.Z. Moshfegh, and F. Golestani-Fard: O. The photocatalytic activity o. The sulfur doped titania nano-porous films derived via micro-arc oxidation. Appl. Catal., A 389, 60 (2010).
2. M.R. Bayati, F. Golestani-Fard, and A.Z. Moshfegh: In situ growth of vanadia-titania nano/micro-porous layers with enhanced photocatalytic performance by micro-arc oxidation. Electrochim. Acta 55, 3093 (2010).
3. M.R. Bayati, F. Golestani-Fard, and A.Z. Moshfegh: Visible photodecomposition of methylene blue over micro arc oxidized WO3-loaded TiO2 nano-porous layers. Appl. Catal., A 382, 322 (2010).
4. M.R. Bayati, F. Golestani-Fard, A.Z. Moshfegh, and R. Molaei: In situ derivation of sulfur activated TiO2 nano porous layers through pulse-micro arc oxidation technology. Mater. Res. Bull. 46, 531 (2011).
5. H. Park, W.R. Kim, H.T. Jeong, J.J. Lee, H.G. Kim, and W.Y. Choi: Fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cells by transplanting highly ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 95, 184 (2011).
6. J. Yu, Q. Li, and Z. Shu: Dye-sensitized solar cells based on doublelayered TiO2 composite films and enhanced photovoltaic performance. Electrochim. Acta 56, 6293 (2011).
7. G.J. Yang, C.J. Li, S.Q. Fan, and J.C. Gao: Influence of pore structure on ion diffusion property in porous TiO2 coating and photovoltaic performance of dye-sensitized solar cells. Surf. Coat. Technol. 205, 3205 (2011).
8. C. Karunakaran, G. Abiramasundari, P. Gomathi sankar, G. Manikandan, and V. Anandi: Preparation and characterization of ZnO-TiO2 nanocomposite for photocatalytic disinfection of bacteria and detoxification of cyanide under visible light. Mater. Res. Bull. 46, 1586 (2011).
9. B.S. Necula, I. Apachitei, F.D. Tichelaar, L.E. Fratila-Apachitei, and J. Duszczyk: An electron microscopical study o. The growth of TiO2-Ag antibacterial coatings on Ti6Al7Nb biomedical alloy. Acta Biomater. 7, 2751 (2011).
10. M.R. Bayati and R. Molaei: Visible photoinduced hydrophilicity of V2O5-TiO2 nanoporous ceramic layers grown via micro-arc oxidation. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 43, 505304 (2010).
11. K.X. Zhang, W. Wang, J.L. Hou, J.H. Zhao, Y. Zhang, and Y.C. Fang: Oxygen plasma induced hydrophilicity of TiO2 thin films. Vacuum 85, 990 (2011).
12. M.R. Bayati, R.Molaei, A. Kajbafvala, S. Zanganeh, H.R. Zargar, and K. Janghorban: Investigation on hydrophilicity of micro-arc oxidized TiO2 nano/micro-porous layers. Electrochim. Acta 55, 5786 (2010).
13. J. Moon, J. Park, S.J. Lee, T. Zyung, and I.D. Kim: Pd-doped TiO2 nanofiber networks for gas sensor applications. Sens. Actuators, B 149, 301 (2010).
14. S. Lin, D. Li, J. Wu, X. Li, and S.A. Akbar: A selective room temperature formaldehyde gas sensor using TiO2 nanotube arrays. Sens. Actuators, B 156, 505 (2011).
15. C. Han, D. Hong, S. Han, J. Gwak, and K. Singh: Catalytic combustion type hydrogen gas sensor using TiO2 and UV-LED. Sens. Actuators, B 125, 224 (2007).
16. A.A. Ashkarran, S.M. Aghigh, M. Kavianipour, and N.J. Farahani: Visible light photo-and bioactivity of Ag/TiO2 nanocomposite with various silver contents. Curr. Appl. Phys. 11, 1048 (2011).
17. R. Khan and M. Dhayal: Nanocrystalline bioactive TiO2-chitosan impedimetric immunosensor for ochratoxin-A. Electrochem. Commun. 10, 492 (2008).
18. K. Fröhlich, B. Hudec, J. Aarik, A. Tarre, D. Machajdík, A. Kasikov, K. Hušeková, and Š. Gazi: Post-deposition processing and oxygen content of TiO2-based capacitors. Microelectron. Eng. 88, 1525 (2011).
19. B. Hudec, K. Hušeková, A. Tarre, J.H. Han, S. Han, A. Rosová, W. Lee, A. Kasikov, S.J. Song, J. Aarik, C.S. Hwang, and K. Fröhlich: Electrical properties of TiO2-based MIM capacitors deposited by TiCl4 and TTIP based atomic layer deposition processes. Microelectron. Eng. 88, 1514 (2011).
20. M. Popovici, M.S. Kim, K. Tomida, J. Swerts, H. Tielens, A. Moussa, O. Richard, H. Bender, A. Franquet, T. Conard, L. Altimime, S.V. Elshocht, and J.A. Kittl: Improved EOT and leakage current for metal-insulator-metal capacitor stacks with rutile TiO2. Microelectron. Eng. 88, 1517 (2011).
21. B.B. Topuz, G. Gündüz, B. Mavis, and Ü. Çolak: The effect of tin dioxide (SnO2) o. The anatase-rutile phase transformation of titania (TiO2) in mica-titania pigments and their use in paint. Dyes Pigm. 90, 123 (2011).
22. M.R. Mahmoudian,W.J. Basirun, Y. Alias, andM. Ebadi: Synthesis and characterization of polypyrrole/Sn-doped TiO2 nanocomposites (NCs) as a protective pigment. Appl. Surf. Sci. 257, 8317 (2011).
23. M.R. Bayati, A.Z. Moshfegh, and F. Golestani-Fard: Micro-arc oxidized S-TiO2 nanoporous layers: Cationic or anionic doping? Mater. Lett. 64, 2215 (2010).
24. A. Fujishima, X. Zhang, and D.A. Tryk: TiO2 photocatalysis and related surface phenomena. Surf. Sci. Rep. 63, 515 (2008).
25. N. Sbai, J. Perriere, W. Seiler, and E. Millon: Epitaxial growth of titanium oxide thin films on c-cut and a-cut sapphire substrates. Surf. Sci. 601, 5649 (2007).
26. J.F. Banfield, D.R. Veblen, and D.J. Smith: Conversion of perovskite to anatase and TiO2 (B): A TEM study an. The use of fundamental building blocks for understanding relationships amon. The TiO, minerals. Am. Mineral. 76, 343 (1991).
27. C.T. Dervos, E. Thirios, J.Novacovich, P. Vassiliou, and P. Skafidas: Permittivity properties of thermally treated TiO2. Mater. Lett. 58, 1502 (2004).
28. G. Madras, B.J. McCoy, and A. Navrotsky: Kinetic model for TiO2 polymorphic transformation from anatase to rutile. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 90, 250 (2007).
29. R. Sanjines, H. Tang, H. Berger, F. Gozzo, G. Margaritondo, and F. Levy: Electronic structure of anatase TiO2 oxide. J. Appl. Phys. 75, 2945 (1994).
30. J.C. Auger, B. Stout, R.G. Barrera, and F. Curiel: Scattering properties of rutile pigments located eccentrically within microvoids. J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 70, 675 (2001).
31. M. Cernea, M. Secu, C.E. Secu, M. Baibarac, and B.S. Vasile: Structural and thermoluminescence properties of undoped and Fe-doped-TiO2 nanopowders processed by sol-gel method. J. Nanopart. Res. 13, 77 (2011).
32. M. Andersson, A. Kiselev, L. Osterlund, and A.E.C. Palmqvist: Microemulsion-mediated roomerature synthesis of highsurface- area rutile and its photocatalytic performance. J. Phys. Chem. C 111, 6789 (2007).
33. S.K. Kim, S.W. Lee, J.H. Han, B. Lee, S. Han, and C.S. Hwang: Capacitors with an equivalent oxide thickness of ,0.5 nm for nanoscale electronic semiconductor memory. Adv. Funct. Mater. 20, 2989 (2010).
34. U. Diebold: The surface science of titanium dioxide. Surf. Sci. Rep. 48, 53 (2003).
35. A. Fujishima and K. Honda: Electrochemical photolysis of water at a semiconductor electrode. Nature 238, 37 (1972).
36. D. Yoo, I. Kim, S. Kim, C. Hahn, C. Lee, and S. Cho: Effects of annealing temperature and method on structural and optical properties of TiO2 films prepared by RF magnetron sputtering at room temperature. Appl. Surf. Sci. 253, 3888 (2007).
37. Y.Q. Hou, D.M. Zhuang, G. Zhang, M. Zhao, and M.S. Wu: Influence of annealing temperature o. The properties of titanium oxide thin film. Appl. Surf. Sci. 218, 97 (2003).
38. S. Chen, M.G. Mason, H.J. Gysling, G.R. Paz-Pujalt, T.N. Blanton, T. Castro. K.M. Chen, C.P. Fictorie, W.L. Gladfelter, A. Franciosi, P.I. Cohen, and J.F. Evans: Ultrahigh vacuum metalorganic chemical vapor deposition growth and in situ characterization of epitaxial TiO2 films. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., A 11, 2419 (1993).
39. Y. Gao, S. Thevuthasan, D.E. McCready, and M. Engelhard: MOCVD growth and structure of Nb- and V-doped TiO2 films on sapphire. J. Cryst. Growth 212, 178 (2000).
40. R.K. Singh and J. Narayan: Pulsed-laser evaporation technique for deposition of thin films: Physics and theoretical model. Phys. Rev. B 41, 8843 (1990).
41. D.G. Syarif, A. Miyashita, T. Yamaki, T. Sumita, Y. Choi, and H. Itoh: Preparation of anatase and rutile thin films by controlling oxygen partial pressure. Appl. Surf. Sci. 193, 287 (2002).
42. H. Long, G. Yang, A. Chen, Y. Li, and P. Lu: Growth and characteristics of laser deposited anatase and rutile TiO2 films on Si substrates. Thin Solid Films 517, 745 (2008).
43. S.D. Mo and W.Y. Ching: Electronic and optical properties of three phases of titanium dioxide: Rutile, anatase, and brookite. Phys. Rev. B 51, 13023 (1995).
44. S. Na-Phattalung, M.F. Smith, K. Kim, M.H. Du, and S.H. Wei: First-principles study of native defects in anatase TiO2. Phys. Rev. B 73, 125205 (2006).
45. S.W. Chan: Degenerate epitaxy, coincidence epitaxy and origin of "special" boundaries in thin films. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 55, 1137 (1994).
46. H. Zhou, M.F. Chisholm, T.H. Yang, S.J. Pennycook, and J. Narayan: Role of interfacial transition layers in VO2/Al2O3 heterostructures. J. Appl. Phys. 110, 073515 (2011).
47. M.R. Bayati, R. Molaei, R.J. Narayan, J. Narayan, H. Zhou, and S.J. Pennycook: Domain epitaxy in TiO2/a-Al2O3 thin film heterostructures with Ti2O3 transient layer. Appl. Phys. Lett. 100, 251606 (2012).
48. M.A. Afifi, M.M. Abdel-Aziz, I.S. Yahia, M. Fadel, and L.A. Wahab: Transport properties of polycrystalline TiO2 and Ti2O3 as semiconducting oxides. J. Alloys Compd. 455, 92 (2008).
49. J. Narayan and B.C. Larson: Domain epitaxy: A unified paradigm for thin film growth. J. Appl. Phys. 93, 278 (2003).
50. S. Mal, S. Nori, C.M. Jin, J. Narayan, S. Nellutla, A.I. Smirnov, and J.T. Prater: Reversible roomtemperature ferromagnetism in undoped zinc oxide: Correlation between defects and physical properties. J. Appl. Phys. 108, 073510 (2010).
51. E. Finazzi, C.D. Valentin, and G. Pacchioni: Nature of Ti Interstitials in reduced bulk anatase and rutile TiO2. J. Phys. Chem. C 113, 3382 (2009).
52. F.A. Kroger: The Chemistry of Imperfect Crystals (North Holland, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1974).
53. M.K. Nowotny, T. Bak, and J. Nowotny: Electrical properties and defect chemistry of TiO2 single crystal. I. Electrical conductivity. J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 16270 (2006).
54. M.K. Nowotny, L.R. Sheppard, T. Bak, and J. Nowotny: Defect chemistry of titanium dioxide. Application of defect engineering in processing of TiO2-based photocatalysts. J. Phys. Chem. C 112, 5275 (2008).
55. T. Bak, J. Nowotny, M. Rekas, and C.C. Sorrell: Defect chemistry and semiconducting properties of titanium dioxide: II. Defect diagrams. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 64, 1057 (2003).
56. K.V. Baiju, A. Zachariah, S. Shukla, S. Biju, M.L.P. Reddy, and K.G.K. Warrier: Correlating photoluminescence and photocatalytic activity of mixed-phase nanocrystalline titania. Catal. Lett. 130, 130 (2009).
57. Y. Cong, J. Zhang, F. Chen, and M. Anpo: Synthesis and characterization of nitrogen-doped TiO2 nanophotocatalyst with high visible light activity. J. Phys. Chem. C 111, 6976 (2007)