-
1
-
-
0033995722
-
Defensive localism in white and black: A comparative history of European-American and African-American youth gangs
-
Adamson, C. 2000. Defensive localism in white and black: A comparative history of European-American and African-American youth gangs. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 23: 272 - 298.
-
(2000)
Ethnic and Racial Studies
, vol.23
, pp. 272-298
-
-
Adamson, C.1
-
4
-
-
33947111746
-
Unpacking the relationship between adolescent employment and antisocial behavior: A matched samples comparison
-
Apel, R., Bushway, S., Brame, R., Haviland, A. M., Nagin, D. S. and Paternoster, R. 2007. Unpacking the relationship between adolescent employment and antisocial behavior: A matched samples comparison. Criminology, 45: 67 - 97.
-
(2007)
Criminology
, vol.45
, pp. 67-97
-
-
Apel, R.1
Bushway, S.2
Brame, R.3
Haviland, A.M.4
Nagin, D.S.5
Paternoster, R.6
-
5
-
-
70350763812
-
Gang membership, drug selling, and violence in neighborhood context
-
Bellair, P. E. and McNulty, T. L. 2009. Gang membership, drug selling, and violence in neighborhood context. Justice Quarterly, 26 (4): 644 - 669.
-
(2009)
Justice Quarterly
, vol.26
, Issue.4
, pp. 644-669
-
-
Bellair, P.E.1
McNulty, T.L.2
-
6
-
-
34247663618
-
Joining and leaving gangs: Selection and facilitation effects on self-reported antisocial behaviour in early adolescence
-
Bendixen, M., Endresen, I. M. and Olweus, D. 2006. Joining and leaving gangs: Selection and facilitation effects on self-reported antisocial behaviour in early adolescence. European Journal of Criminology, 3: 85 - 114.
-
(2006)
European Journal of Criminology
, vol.3
, pp. 85-114
-
-
Bendixen, M.1
Endresen, I.M.2
Olweus, D.3
-
7
-
-
70450285191
-
How much can we trust causal interpretations of fixed effects estimators in the context of criminality?
-
Bjerk, D. 2009. How much can we trust causal interpretations of fixed effects estimators in the context of criminality?. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 25 (4): 391 - 417.
-
(2009)
Journal of Quantitative Criminology
, vol.25
, Issue.4
, pp. 391-417
-
-
Bjerk, D.1
-
8
-
-
70949105411
-
Gang membership and drug involvement: Untangling the complex relationship
-
Bjerregaard, B. 2010. Gang membership and drug involvement: Untangling the complex relationship. Crime and Delinquency, 56: 3 - 34.
-
(2010)
Crime and Delinquency
, vol.56
, pp. 3-34
-
-
Bjerregaard, B.1
-
10
-
-
70350116762
-
Losing faith? Police, black churches, and the resurgence of youth violence in Boston
-
Braga, A. A., Hureau, D. and Winship, C. 2008. Losing faith? Police, black churches, and the resurgence of youth violence in Boston. Ohio State Journal of Criminal Law, 6: 141 - 172.
-
(2008)
Ohio State Journal of Criminal Law
, vol.6
, pp. 141-172
-
-
Braga, A.A.1
Hureau, D.2
Winship, C.3
-
11
-
-
84864051290
-
The ecology of gang territorial boundaries
-
Brantingham, P. J., Tita, G. E., Short, M. B. and Reid, S. E. 2012. The ecology of gang territorial boundaries. Criminology, 50: 851 - 885.
-
(2012)
Criminology
, vol.50
, pp. 851-885
-
-
Brantingham, P.J.1
Tita, G.E.2
Short, M.B.3
Reid, S.E.4
-
13
-
-
82355186978
-
A new approach to gang violence includes a multiple-choice test
-
(May 20), Retrieved September 29, 2010, from
-
Casey, N. (2009, May 20). A new approach to gang violence includes a multiple-choice test. The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved September 29, 2010, from http://online.wsj.com/article/SB124276162416235869.html
-
(2009)
The Wall Street Journal
-
-
Casey, N.1
-
16
-
-
0009416633
-
Diffusion in homicide: Exploring a general method for detecting spatial diffusion processes
-
Cohen, J. and Tita, G. 1999. Diffusion in homicide: Exploring a general method for detecting spatial diffusion processes. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 15: 451 - 493.
-
(1999)
Journal of Quantitative Criminology
, vol.15
, pp. 451-493
-
-
Cohen, J.1
Tita, G.2
-
17
-
-
0023772221
-
Gang homicide, delinquency, and community
-
Curry, G. D. and Spergel, I. A. 1988. Gang homicide, delinquency, and community. Criminology, 26: 381 - 407.
-
(1988)
Criminology
, vol.26
, pp. 381-407
-
-
Curry, G.D.1
Spergel, I.A.2
-
18
-
-
0003772067
-
-
Research Report, National Criminal Justice Reference Service. Washington, DC: US Department of Justice
-
Curry. G. D., Ball, R., & Decker, S. H. (1996). Update on gang crime and law enforcement recordkeeping. Research Report, National Criminal Justice Reference Service. Washington, DC: US Department of Justice.
-
(1996)
Update on gang crime and law enforcement recordkeeping
-
-
Curry, G.D.1
Ball, R.2
Decker, S.H.3
-
19
-
-
0347137606
-
Collective and normative features of gang violence
-
Decker, S. H. 1996. Collective and normative features of gang violence. Justice Quarterly, 13 (2): 243 - 264.
-
(1996)
Justice Quarterly
, vol.13
, Issue.2
, pp. 243-264
-
-
Decker, S.H.1
-
20
-
-
0242439946
-
A tale of two cities: Gangs as organized crime groups
-
Decker, S. H., Bynum, T. and Weisel, D. 1998. A tale of two cities: Gangs as organized crime groups. Justice Quarterly, 15: 395 - 425.
-
(1998)
Justice Quarterly
, vol.15
, pp. 395-425
-
-
Decker, S.H.1
Bynum, T.2
Weisel, D.3
-
21
-
-
70349228458
-
Youth gangs and violent behavior
-
In: Flannery D., Vazsonyi A., Waldman I., editors New York, NY: Cambridge
-
Decker, S. H. 2008. " Youth gangs and violent behavior ". In The Cambridge handbook of violent behavior, Edited by: Flannery, D., Vazsonyi, A. and Waldman, I. 388 - 402. New York, NY: Cambridge.
-
(2008)
The Cambridge handbook of violent behavior
, pp. 388-402
-
-
Decker, S.H.1
-
22
-
-
77957990148
-
Gang violence worldwide: Context, culture, and country
-
In G. McDonald (Ed.), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
-
Decker, S. H., & Pyrooz, D. C. (2010a). Gang violence worldwide: Context, culture, and country. In G. McDonald (Ed.), Small arms survey, 2010 (pp. 128-155). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
-
(2010)
Small arms survey, 2010
, pp. 128-155
-
-
Decker, S.H.1
Pyrooz, D.C.2
-
23
-
-
77958021007
-
On the validity and reliability of gang homicide: A comparison of disparate sources
-
Decker, S. H. and Pyrooz, D. C. 2010b. On the validity and reliability of gang homicide: A comparison of disparate sources. Homicide Studies, 14: 359 - 376.
-
(2010)
Homicide Studies
, vol.14
, pp. 359-376
-
-
Decker, S.H.1
Pyrooz, D.C.2
-
24
-
-
84867667561
-
Gangs and the Internet: Logging off and moving on
-
Retrieved from
-
Decker, S. H., & Pyrooz, D. C. (2011). Gangs and the Internet: Logging off and moving on. Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved from http://www.cfr.org/counterradicalization/save-supporting-document-leaving-gang/p26590
-
(2011)
Council on Foreign Relations
-
-
Decker, S.H.1
Pyrooz, D.C.2
-
25
-
-
84976896045
-
Contemporary gang ethnographies
-
In: F. T. Cullen & P. Wilcox (Eds.), New York, NY: Oxford University Press
-
Decker, S. H., & Pyrooz, D. C. (2012). Contemporary gang ethnographies. In: F. T. Cullen & P. Wilcox (Eds.), Handbook on criminological theory (pp. 274-293). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
-
(2012)
Handbook on criminological theory
, pp. 274-293
-
-
Decker, S.H.1
Pyrooz, D.C.2
-
26
-
-
72249099260
-
Gangs, migration, and crime: The changing landscape in Europe and the USA
-
Decker, S. H., Van Gemert, F. and Pyrooz, D. C. 2009. Gangs, migration, and crime: The changing landscape in Europe and the USA. Journal of International Migration and Integration, 10: 393 - 408.
-
(2009)
Journal of International Migration and Integration
, vol.10
, pp. 393-408
-
-
Decker, S.H.1
Van Gemert, F.2
Pyrooz, D.C.3
-
27
-
-
84882111953
-
-
New York, NY: Cambridge University Press
-
Decker, S. H. and Van Winkle, B. 1996. Life in the gang: Family, friends, and violence, New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
-
(1996)
Life in the gang: Family, friends, and violence
-
-
Decker, S.H.1
Van Winkle, B.2
-
28
-
-
70349202230
-
Delinquent gangs and adolescent victimization revisited: A propensity score matching approach
-
Delisi, M., Barnes, J. C., Beaver, K. M. and Gibson, C. L. 2009. Delinquent gangs and adolescent victimization revisited: A propensity score matching approach. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 36: 808 - 823.
-
(2009)
Criminal Justice and Behavior
, vol.36
, pp. 808-823
-
-
Delisi, M.1
Barnes, J.C.2
Beaver, K.M.3
Gibson, C.L.4
-
29
-
-
12344290192
-
Drug trafficking as a cottage industry
-
In: M. Natarajan & M. Hough (Eds.), Crime prevention studies, Monsey, NY: Criminal Justice Press
-
Eck, J. E., & J. Gersh, (2000). Drug trafficking as a cottage industry. In: M. Natarajan & M. Hough (Eds.), Illegal drug markets: From research to prevention policy. Crime prevention studies, Vol. 11 (pp. 241-272). Monsey, NY: Criminal Justice Press.
-
(2000)
Illegal drug markets: From research to prevention policy
, vol.11
, pp. 241-272
-
-
Eck, J.E.1
Gersh, J.2
-
30
-
-
15444355573
-
Gangs, drugs, and delinquency in a survey of urban youth
-
Esbensen, F.-A. and Huizinga, D. 1993. Gangs, drugs, and delinquency in a survey of urban youth. Criminology, 31: 565 - 589.
-
(1993)
Criminology
, vol.31
, pp. 565-589
-
-
Esbensen, F.-A.1
Huizinga, D.2
-
31
-
-
84949180266
-
-
New York, NY, New York, NY,: Springer
-
Esbensen, F.-A. and Maxson, C. L. 2012. Youth gangs in international perspective: Results from the Eurogang program of research, New York, NY: Springer.
-
(2012)
Youth gangs in international perspective: Results from the Eurogang program of research
-
-
Esbensen, F.-A.1
Maxson, C.L.2
-
32
-
-
74849087528
-
Similarities and differences in risk factors for violent offending and gang membership
-
Esbensen, F.-A., Peterson, D., Taylor, T. J. and Freng, A. 2009. Similarities and differences in risk factors for violent offending and gang membership. The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology, 42: 310 - 335.
-
(2009)
The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Criminology
, vol.42
, pp. 310-335
-
-
Esbensen, F.-A.1
Peterson, D.2
Taylor, T.J.3
Freng, A.4
-
33
-
-
84896253428
-
-
Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press
-
Esbensen, F.-A., Peterson, D., Taylor, T. J. and Freng, A. 2010. Youth violence: Sex and race differences in offending, victimization, and gang membership, Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
-
(2010)
Youth violence: Sex and race differences in offending, victimization, and gang membership
-
-
Esbensen, F.-A.1
Peterson, D.2
Taylor, T.J.3
Freng, A.4
-
34
-
-
23044521498
-
Youth gangs and definitional issues: When is a gang a gang, and why does it matter?
-
Esbensen, F.-A., Winfree, L. T. Jr., He, N. and Taylor, T. J. 2001. Youth gangs and definitional issues: When is a gang a gang, and why does it matter?. Crime and Delinquency, 47 (1): 105 - 130.
-
(2001)
Crime and Delinquency
, vol.47
, Issue.1
, pp. 105-130
-
-
Esbensen, F.-A.1
Winfree Jr., L.T.2
He, N.3
Taylor, T.J.4
-
35
-
-
0001022586
-
Guns, youth violence, and social identity in inner cities
-
Fagan, J. and Wilkinson, D. L. 1998. Guns, youth violence, and social identity in inner cities. Crime and Justice, 24: 105 - 188.
-
(1998)
Crime and Justice
, vol.24
, pp. 105-188
-
-
Fagan, J.1
Wilkinson, D.L.2
-
36
-
-
84925720429
-
Latin kings in Barcelona
-
In: F. Van Gemert, D. Peterson, & I.-L. Lien, London: Willan
-
Feixa, C., Canells, N., Porzio, L., Recio, C., & Biliberti, L. (2008). Latin kings in Barcelona. In: F. Van Gemert, D. Peterson, & I.-L. Lien, Street gangs, migration and ethnicity (pp. 63-78). London: Willan.
-
(2008)
Street gangs, migration and ethnicity
, pp. 63-78
-
-
Feixa, C.1
Canells, N.2
Porzio, L.3
Recio, C.4
Biliberti, L.5
-
38
-
-
21644470804
-
The application of social network analysis to field research: Different methods creating complementary perspectives
-
Fleisher, M. S. 2005. The application of social network analysis to field research: Different methods creating complementary perspectives. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 21 (5): 120 - 134.
-
(2005)
Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice
, vol.21
, Issue.5
, pp. 120-134
-
-
Fleisher, M.S.1
-
39
-
-
77951568267
-
When space matters: Spatial dependence, diagnostics, and regression models
-
Fornango, R. 2011. When space matters: Spatial dependence, diagnostics, and regression models. Journal of Criminal Justice Education, 21: 117 - 135.
-
(2011)
Journal of Criminal Justice Education
, vol.21
, pp. 117-135
-
-
Fornango, R.1
-
40
-
-
46249111567
-
Weighting regressions by propensity scores
-
Freedman, D. A. and Berk, R. A. 2008. Weighting regressions by propensity scores. Evaluation Review, 32: 392 - 409.
-
(2008)
Evaluation Review
, vol.32
, pp. 392-409
-
-
Freedman, D.A.1
Berk, R.A.2
-
41
-
-
37049019237
-
Race and gang affiliation: An examination of multiple marginality
-
Freng, A. and Esbensen, F.-A. 2007. Race and gang affiliation: An examination of multiple marginality. Justice Quarterly, 24: 600 - 628.
-
(2007)
Justice Quarterly
, vol.24
, pp. 600-628
-
-
Freng, A.1
Esbensen, F.-A.2
-
42
-
-
33644800151
-
Youth gangs, delinquency and drug use: A test of the selection, facilitation, and enhancement hypotheses
-
Gatti, U., Tremblay, R. E., Vitaro, F. and McDuff, P. 2005. Youth gangs, delinquency and drug use: A test of the selection, facilitation, and enhancement hypotheses. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46 (11): 1178 - 1190.
-
(2005)
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry
, vol.46
, Issue.11
, pp. 1178-1190
-
-
Gatti, U.1
Tremblay, R.E.2
Vitaro, F.3
McDuff, P.4
-
43
-
-
70350780159
-
Using propensity score matching to understand the relationship between gang membership and violent victimization: A research note
-
Gibson, C. L., Miller, J. M., Jennings, W. G., Swatt, M. and Gover, A. 2009. Using propensity score matching to understand the relationship between gang membership and violent victimization: A research note. Justice Quarterly, 26: 625 - 643.
-
(2009)
Justice Quarterly
, vol.26
, pp. 625-643
-
-
Gibson, C.L.1
Miller, J.M.2
Jennings, W.G.3
Swatt, M.4
Gover, A.5
-
44
-
-
1642633924
-
Antisocial behavior and youth gang membership: Selection and socialization
-
Gordon, R. A., Lahey, B. B., Kawai, E., Loeber, R., Stouthamer-Loeber, M. and Farrington, D. P. 2004. Antisocial behavior and youth gang membership: Selection and socialization. Criminology, 42: 55 - 88.
-
(2004)
Criminology
, vol.42
, pp. 55-88
-
-
Gordon, R.A.1
Lahey, B.B.2
Kawai, E.3
Loeber, R.4
Stouthamer-Loeber, M.5
Farrington, D.P.6
-
46
-
-
21344496702
-
The social embeddedness of crime and unemployment
-
Hagan, J. 1993. The social embeddedness of crime and unemployment. Criminology, 31: 465 - 491.
-
(1993)
Criminology
, vol.31
, pp. 465-491
-
-
Hagan, J.1
-
48
-
-
70350777707
-
The gang facilitation effect and neighborhood risk: Do gangs have a stronger influence on delinquency in disadvantaged areas?
-
In: J. F. Short & L. A. Hughes (Eds.), Oxford: AltaMira Press
-
Hall, G. P., Thornberry, T. P., & Lizotte, A. J. (2006). The gang facilitation effect and neighborhood risk: Do gangs have a stronger influence on delinquency in disadvantaged areas? In: J. F. Short & L. A. Hughes (Eds.), Studying youth gangs (pp. 47-62). Oxford: AltaMira Press.
-
(2006)
Studying youth gangs
, pp. 47-62
-
-
Hall, G.P.1
Thornberry, T.P.2
Lizotte, A.J.3
-
49
-
-
34548857107
-
Combining propensity score matching and group-based trajectory analysis in an observational study
-
Haviland, A., Nagin, D. S. and Rosenbaum, P. R. 2007. Combining propensity score matching and group-based trajectory analysis in an observational study. Psychological Methods, 12: 247 - 267.
-
(2007)
Psychological Methods
, vol.12
, pp. 247-267
-
-
Haviland, A.1
Nagin, D.S.2
Rosenbaum, P.R.3
-
50
-
-
0035226794
-
Delinquent peers revisited: Does network structure matter?
-
Haynie, D. L. 2001. Delinquent peers revisited: Does network structure matter?. American Journal of Sociology, 106: 1013 - 1057.
-
(2001)
American Journal of Sociology
, vol.106
, pp. 1013-1057
-
-
Haynie, D.L.1
-
51
-
-
84890719656
-
New directions in street gang prevention for youth: The Los Angeles experience
-
(in press), In: J. Sides (Ed.)
-
Hennigan, K., & Maxson, C. L. (in press). New directions in street gang prevention for youth: The Los Angeles experience. In: J. Sides (Ed.), Post-Ghetto: Reimagining south Los Angeles.
-
Post-Ghetto: Reimagining south Los Angeles.
-
-
Hennigan, K.1
Maxson, C.L.2
-
52
-
-
0032819111
-
Childhood risk factors for adolescent gang membership: Results from the Seattle social development project
-
Hill, K. G., Howell, J. C., Hawkins, J. D. and Battin-Pearson, S. R. 1999. Childhood risk factors for adolescent gang membership: Results from the Seattle social development project. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 36: 300 - 322.
-
(1999)
Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency
, vol.36
, pp. 300-322
-
-
Hill, K.G.1
Howell, J.C.2
Hawkins, J.D.3
Battin-Pearson, S.R.4
-
53
-
-
1142286217
-
-
Washington, DC: US Department of Justice
-
Hill, K. G., Lui, C. and Hawkins, J. D. 2001. Early precursors of gang membership: A study of Seattle youth, Washington, DC: US Department of Justice.
-
(2001)
Early precursors of gang membership: A study of Seattle youth
-
-
Hill, K.G.1
Lui, C.2
Hawkins, J.D.3
-
54
-
-
36348995949
-
Block, tract, and levels of aggregation: Neighborhood structure and crime and disorder as a case in point
-
Hipp, J. 2007. Block, tract, and levels of aggregation: Neighborhood structure and crime and disorder as a case in point. American Sociological Review, 72: 659 - 680.
-
(2007)
American Sociological Review
, vol.72
, pp. 659-680
-
-
Hipp, J.1
-
55
-
-
84879172501
-
-
(August), Paper presented at the White House Conference on Gang Violence Prevention and Crime Control, Washington, DC
-
Holder, E. (2009, August). Opening remarks. Paper presented at the White House Conference on Gang Violence Prevention and Crime Control, Washington, DC.
-
(2009)
Opening remarks
-
-
Holder, E.1
-
56
-
-
34547929724
-
Menacing or mimicking?: Realities of youth gangs
-
Howell, J. C. 2007. Menacing or mimicking?: Realities of youth gangs. Juvenile and Family Court Journal, 58 (2): 39 - 50.
-
(2007)
Juvenile and Family Court Journal
, vol.58
, Issue.2
, pp. 39-50
-
-
Howell, J.C.1
-
58
-
-
34247669346
-
Moving risk factors into developmental theories of gang membership
-
Howell, J. C. and Egley, A. Jr. 2005. Moving risk factors into developmental theories of gang membership. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 3: 334 - 354.
-
(2005)
Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice
, vol.3
, pp. 334-354
-
-
Howell, J.C.1
Egley Jr., A.2
-
59
-
-
84879171004
-
-
United States Department of Justice: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. National Youth Gang Center Bulletin, May
-
Howell, J. C., Egley, A., Jr., Tita, G. E., & Griffiths, E. (2011). U.S. gang problem trends and seriousness, 1996-2009. United States Department of Justice: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention. National Youth Gang Center Bulletin, May (no. 6).
-
(2011)
U.S. gang problem trends and seriousness, 1996-2009
, vol.6
-
-
Howell, J.C.1
Egley Jr., A.2
Tita, G.E.3
Griffiths, E.4
-
60
-
-
10644279117
-
-
Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention
-
Howell, J. C. and Lynch, J. P. 2000. Youth gangs in schools, Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.
-
(2000)
Youth gangs in schools
-
-
Howell, J.C.1
Lynch, J.P.2
-
61
-
-
15844396188
-
Disputes involving gang members: Micro-social contexts
-
Hughes, L. A. and Short, J. F. 2005. Disputes involving gang members: Micro-social contexts. Criminology, 43: 43 - 76.
-
(2005)
Criminology
, vol.43
, pp. 43-76
-
-
Hughes, L.A.1
Short, J.F.2
-
63
-
-
79955461083
-
Neighborhood variation in gang member concentrations
-
Katz, C. M. and Schnebly, S. M. 2011. Neighborhood variation in gang member concentrations. Crime and Delinquency, 57: 377 - 407.
-
(2011)
Crime and Delinquency
, vol.57
, pp. 377-407
-
-
Katz, C.M.1
Schnebly, S.M.2
-
64
-
-
0002062917
-
The (un)known universe: Mapping gangs and gang violence in Boston
-
In: Weisburd D. L., McEwen J. T., editors New York, NY: Criminal Justice Press
-
Kennedy, D. M., Braga, A. A. and Piehl, A. M. 1997. " The (un)known universe: Mapping gangs and gang violence in Boston ". In Crime mapping and crime prevention, Edited by: Weisburd, D. L. and McEwen, J. T. 219 - 248. New York, NY: Criminal Justice Press.
-
(1997)
Crime mapping and crime prevention
, pp. 219-248
-
-
Kennedy, D.M.1
Braga, A.A.2
Piehl, A.M.3
-
65
-
-
79953654945
-
Cultural mechanisms and the persistence of neighborhood violence
-
Kirk, D. S. and Papachristos, A. V. 2011. Cultural mechanisms and the persistence of neighborhood violence. American Journal of Sociology, 116: 1190 - 1233.
-
(2011)
American Journal of Sociology
, vol.116
, pp. 1190-1233
-
-
Kirk, D.S.1
Papachristos, A.V.2
-
66
-
-
70149109980
-
Self-control, differential association, and gang membership: A theoretical and empirical extension of the literature
-
Kissner, J. and Pyrooz, D. C. 2009. Self-control, differential association, and gang membership: A theoretical and empirical extension of the literature. Journal of Criminal Justice, 37: 478 - 487.
-
(2009)
Journal of Criminal Justice
, vol.37
, pp. 478-487
-
-
Kissner, J.1
Pyrooz, D.C.2
-
68
-
-
0005359913
-
-
Dordrecht: Springer
-
Klein, M., Kerner, H.-J., Maxson, C. L., & Weitekamp, E. (2001). The Eurogang paradox: Street gangs and youth groups in the U.S. and Europe. Dordrecht: Springer.
-
(2001)
The Eurogang paradox: Street gangs and youth groups in the U.S. and Europe
-
-
Klein, M.1
Kerner, H.-J.2
Maxson, C.L.3
Weitekamp, E.4
-
70
-
-
0001855887
-
Street gang violence
-
In: Wolfgang M., Weiner N., editors Beverly Hills: Sage
-
Klein, M. W. and Maxson, C. L. 1989. " Street gang violence ". In Violent crime, violent criminals, Edited by: Wolfgang, M. and Weiner, N. 198 - 234. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
-
(1989)
Violent crime, violent criminals
, pp. 198-234
-
-
Klein, M.W.1
Maxson, C.L.2
-
73
-
-
84935323251
-
The web of conformity: A network approach to the explanation of delinquent behavior
-
Krohn, M. D. 1986. The web of conformity: A network approach to the explanation of delinquent behavior. Social Problems, 33: S81 - S93.
-
(1986)
Social Problems
, vol.33
-
-
Krohn, M.D.1
-
74
-
-
79955066069
-
The impact of multiple marginality on gang membership and delinquent behavior for Hispanic, African American, and white male adolescents
-
Krohn, M. D., Schmidt, N. M., Lizotte, A. J. and Baldwin, J. M. 2011. The impact of multiple marginality on gang membership and delinquent behavior for Hispanic, African American, and white male adolescents. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 27: 18 - 42.
-
(2011)
Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice
, vol.27
, pp. 18-42
-
-
Krohn, M.D.1
Schmidt, N.M.2
Lizotte, A.J.3
Baldwin, J.M.4
-
75
-
-
70149123254
-
Longitudinal perspectives on adolescent street gangs
-
In: Lieberman A., editors New York NY: Springer
-
Krohn, M. D. and Thornberry, T. P. 2008. " Longitudinal perspectives on adolescent street gangs ". In The long view of crime: A synthesis of longitudinal research, Edited by: Lieberman, A. 128 - 160. New York, NY: Springer.
-
(2008)
The long view of crime: A synthesis of longitudinal research
, pp. 128-160
-
-
Krohn, M.D.1
Thornberry, T.P.2
-
76
-
-
83455236759
-
The cascading effects of adolescent gang involvement across the life course
-
Krohn, M. D., Ward, J. T., Thornberry, T. P., Lizotte, A. J. and Chu, R. 2011. The cascading effects of adolescent gang involvement across the life course. Criminology, 49: 991 - 1028.
-
(2011)
Criminology
, vol.49
, pp. 991-1028
-
-
Krohn, M.D.1
Ward, J.T.2
Thornberry, T.P.3
Lizotte, A.J.4
Chu, R.5
-
77
-
-
0013167369
-
Identifying the structural correlates of African-American killings: What can we learn from data disaggregation?
-
Kubrin, C. E. and Wadsworth, T. 2003. Identifying the structural correlates of African-American killings: What can we learn from data disaggregation?. Homicide Studies, 7: 3 - 35.
-
(2003)
Homicide Studies
, vol.7
, pp. 3-35
-
-
Kubrin, C.E.1
Wadsworth, T.2
-
78
-
-
0032996971
-
The relationship between socioeconomic factors and gang violence in the city of Los Angeles
-
Kyriacou, D. N., Hutson, H. R., Anglin, D., Peek-Asa, C. and Kraus, J. F. 1999. The relationship between socioeconomic factors and gang violence in the city of Los Angeles. Journal of Trauma, 46: 334 - 339.
-
(1999)
Journal of Trauma
, vol.46
, pp. 334-339
-
-
Kyriacou, D.N.1
Hutson, H.R.2
Anglin, D.3
Peek-Asa, C.4
Kraus, J.F.5
-
79
-
-
84936823497
-
Structural covariates of homicide rates: Are there any invariances across time and social space
-
Land, K. C., McCall, P. and Cohen, L. E. 1990. Structural covariates of homicide rates: Are there any invariances across time and social space. American Journal of Sociology, 95: 922 - 963.
-
(1990)
American Journal of Sociology
, vol.95
, pp. 922-963
-
-
Land, K.C.1
McCall, P.2
Cohen, L.E.3
-
81
-
-
0242692328
-
Growing up in the projects: The economic lives of a cohort of men who came of age in Chicago public housing
-
Levitt, S. D. and Venkatesh, S. A. 2001. Growing up in the projects: The economic lives of a cohort of men who came of age in Chicago public housing. The American Economic Review, 91 (2): 79 - 84.
-
(2001)
The American Economic Review
, vol.91
, Issue.2
, pp. 79-84
-
-
Levitt, S.D.1
Venkatesh, S.A.2
-
82
-
-
73249128456
-
Social disorganization and gang homicides in Chicago: A neighborhood level comparison of disaggregated homicides
-
Mares, D. 2010. Social disorganization and gang homicides in Chicago: A neighborhood level comparison of disaggregated homicides. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 8: 38 - 57.
-
(2010)
Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice
, vol.8
, pp. 38-57
-
-
Mares, D.1
-
83
-
-
84879185906
-
Gang membership and adherence to the "code of the street"
-
Advance online publication. doi:10.1080/07418825.2012.684432
-
Matsuda, K. N., Melde, C., Taylor, T. J., Freng, A., & Esbensen, F.-A. (2012). Gang membership and adherence to the "code of the street". Justice Quarterly. Advance online publication. doi:10.1080/07418825.2012.684432
-
(2012)
Justice Quarterly
-
-
Matsuda, K.N.1
Melde, C.2
Taylor, T.J.3
Freng, A.4
Esbensen, F.-A.5
-
84
-
-
85070719032
-
A Symbolic interactionist theory of role-transitions, role-commitments, and delinquency
-
In: Thornberry T. P., editors New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction
-
Matsueda, R. L. and Heimer, K. 2004. " A Symbolic interactionist theory of role-transitions, role-commitments, and delinquency ". In Developmental Theories of Crime and Delinquency, Edited by: Thornberry, T. P. Vol. 7, 163 - 214. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
-
(2004)
Developmental Theories of Crime and Delinquency
, vol.7
, pp. 163-214
-
-
Matsueda, R.L.1
Heimer, K.2
-
85
-
-
0347073303
-
-
Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention
-
Maxson, C. L. 1998. Gang members on the move, Washington, DC: Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention.
-
(1998)
Gang members on the move
-
-
Maxson, C.L.1
-
86
-
-
0002400908
-
Gang homicide: A review and extension of the literature
-
In: M. D. Smith & M. A. Zahn (Eds.), Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
-
Maxson, C. L. (1999). Gang homicide: A review and extension of the literature. In: M. D. Smith & M. A. Zahn (Eds.), Homicide: A sourcebook of social research (pp. 239-256). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
-
(1999)
Homicide: A sourcebook of social research
, pp. 239-256
-
-
Maxson, C.L.1
-
87
-
-
84864045568
-
Street Gangs
-
In: Wilson J. Q., Petersilia J., editors New York, NY: Oxford University Press
-
Maxson, C. L. 2011. " Street Gangs ". In Crime and public policy, Edited by: Wilson, J. Q. and Petersilia, J. 158 - 182. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
-
(2011)
Crime and public policy
, pp. 158-182
-
-
Maxson, C.L.1
-
88
-
-
34848893302
-
Youth gang homicides in the United States in the 1990s
-
In: Reed W. L., Decker S. H., editors Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice
-
Maxson, C. L., Curry, G. D. and Howell, J. C. 2002. " Youth gang homicides in the United States in the 1990s ". In Responding to gangs: Evaluation and research, Edited by: Reed, W. L. and Decker, S. H. 107 - 138. Washington, DC: National Institute of Justice.
-
(2002)
Responding to gangs: Evaluation and research
, pp. 107-138
-
-
Maxson, C.L.1
Curry, G.D.2
Howell, J.C.3
-
89
-
-
84949177318
-
The intersection of gang definition and group process: Concluding observations
-
In: Maxson C. L., Esbensen F. A., editors New York NY: Springer
-
Maxson, C. L. and Esbensen, F.-A. 2012. " The intersection of gang definition and group process: Concluding observations ". In Youth gangs in international perspective: Tales from the Eurogang program of research, Edited by: Maxson, C. L. and Esbensen, F. A. New York, NY: Springer.
-
(2012)
Youth gangs in international perspective: Tales from the Eurogang program of research
-
-
Maxson, C.L.1
Esbensen, F.-A.2
-
90
-
-
84984305441
-
Differences between gang and nongang homicides
-
Maxson, C. L., Gordon, M. A. and Klein, M. W. 1985. Differences between gang and nongang homicides. Criminology, 23: 209 - 222.
-
(1985)
Criminology
, vol.23
, pp. 209-222
-
-
Maxson, C.L.1
Gordon, M.A.2
Klein, M.W.3
-
91
-
-
10844272276
-
Propensity score estimation with boosted regression for evaluating causal effects in observational studies
-
McCaffrey, D. F., Ridgeway, G. and Morral, A. R. 2004. Propensity score estimation with boosted regression for evaluating causal effects in observational studies. Psychological Methods, 9: 403 - 425.
-
(2004)
Psychological Methods
, vol.9
, pp. 403-425
-
-
McCaffrey, D.F.1
Ridgeway, G.2
Morral, A.R.3
-
92
-
-
84863740345
-
Theories of Gang Behavior and Public Policy
-
In: Barlow H., Decker S. H., editors Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press
-
McGloin, J. and Decker, S. H. 2010. " Theories of Gang Behavior and Public Policy ". In Criminology and Public Policy: Putting Theory to Work, Edited by: Barlow, H. and Decker, S. H. 150 - 165. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
-
(2010)
Criminology and Public Policy: Putting Theory to Work
, pp. 150-165
-
-
McGloin, J.1
Decker, S.H.2
-
93
-
-
84877619355
-
Gangs and violence: Disentangling the impact of gang membership on the level and nature of offending
-
Online first. doi: 10.1007/s10940-012-9164-z
-
Melde, C., & Esbensen, F.-A. (2012). Gangs and violence: Disentangling the impact of gang membership on the level and nature of offending. Journal of Quantitative Criminology. Online first. doi: 10.1007/s10940-012-9164-z.
-
(2012)
Journal of Quantitative Criminology
-
-
Melde, C.1
Esbensen, F.-A.2
-
94
-
-
79956372211
-
Gang membership as a turning point in the life course
-
Melde, C. and Esbensen, F.-A. 2011. Gang membership as a turning point in the life course. Criminology, 49: 513 - 552.
-
(2011)
Criminology
, vol.49
, pp. 513-552
-
-
Melde, C.1
Esbensen, F.-A.2
-
95
-
-
67749135543
-
"May piece be with you": A typological examination of the fear and victimization hypothesis of adolescent weapon carrying
-
Melde, C., Esbensen, F.-A. and Taylor, T. J. 2009. "May piece be with you": A typological examination of the fear and victimization hypothesis of adolescent weapon carrying. Justice Quarterly, 26: 348 - 376.
-
(2009)
Justice Quarterly
, vol.26
, pp. 348-376
-
-
Melde, C.1
Esbensen, F.-A.2
Taylor, T.J.3
-
96
-
-
82355165002
-
On the efficacy of targeted gang interventions: Can we identify those most at risk?
-
Melde, C., Gavazzi, S. M., McGarrell, E. F. and Bynum, T. 2011. On the efficacy of targeted gang interventions: Can we identify those most at risk?. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 9: 279 - 294.
-
(2011)
Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice
, vol.9
, pp. 279-294
-
-
Melde, C.1
Gavazzi, S.M.2
McGarrell, E.F.3
Bynum, T.4
-
97
-
-
65949124254
-
"I got your back": An examination of the protective function of gang membership in adolescence
-
Melde, C., Taylor, T. J. and Esbensen, F.-A. 2009. "I got your back": An examination of the protective function of gang membership in adolescence. Criminology, 47: 565 - 594.
-
(2009)
Criminology
, vol.47
, pp. 565-594
-
-
Melde, C.1
Taylor, T.J.2
Esbensen, F.-A.3
-
98
-
-
84879162867
-
Are "Gangstas" peacocks?
-
In Department of Economics Discussion Paper Series (Number 558): University of Oxford. Retrieved from ISSN 1471-0498
-
Mell, A. (2011). Are "Gangstas" peacocks? The handicap principle and illicit markets. In Department of Economics Discussion Paper Series (Number 558): University of Oxford. Retrieved from http://www.economics.ox.ac.uk/research/WP/pdf/paper558.pdf ISSN 1471-0498
-
(2011)
The handicap principle and illicit markets
-
-
Mell, A.1
-
99
-
-
0033276394
-
The spatial patterning of county homicide rates: An application of exploratory spatial data analysis
-
Messner, S. F., Anselin, L., Baller, R. D., Hawkins, D. F., Deane, G. and Tolnay, S. E. 1999. The spatial patterning of county homicide rates: An application of exploratory spatial data analysis. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 15: 423 - 450.
-
(1999)
Journal of Quantitative Criminology
, vol.15
, pp. 423-450
-
-
Messner, S.F.1
Anselin, L.2
Baller, R.D.3
Hawkins, D.F.4
Deane, G.5
Tolnay, S.E.6
-
101
-
-
0001665596
-
Lower class culture as a generating milieu of gang delinquency
-
Miller, W. B. 1958. Lower class culture as a generating milieu of gang delinquency. Journal of Social Issues, 14: 5 - 19.
-
(1958)
Journal of Social Issues
, vol.14
, pp. 5-19
-
-
Miller, W.B.1
-
103
-
-
84878053355
-
-
Retrieved from
-
Miller, W. B. (2011). City gangs. Retrieved from http://gangresearch.asu.edu/walter_miller_library/walter-b.-miller-book.
-
(2011)
City gangs
-
-
Miller, W.B.1
-
106
-
-
5644226555
-
Unstructured socializing and rates of delinquency
-
Osgood, D. W. and Anderson, A. L. 2004. Unstructured socializing and rates of delinquency. Criminology, 42: 519 - 549.
-
(2004)
Criminology
, vol.42
, pp. 519-549
-
-
Osgood, D.W.1
Anderson, A.L.2
-
107
-
-
84858693423
-
Revisiting the use of propensity score matching to understand the relationship between gang membership and violent victimization: A cautionary note
-
Ozer, M. M. and Engel, R. S. 2012. Revisiting the use of propensity score matching to understand the relationship between gang membership and violent victimization: A cautionary note. Justice Quarterly, 29: 105 - 124.
-
(2012)
Justice Quarterly
, vol.29
, pp. 105-124
-
-
Ozer, M.M.1
Engel, R.S.2
-
108
-
-
70349313396
-
Murder by structure: Dominance relations and the social structure of gang homicide
-
Papachristos, A. V. 2009. Murder by structure: Dominance relations and the social structure of gang homicide. American Journal of Sociology, 115: 74 - 128.
-
(2009)
American Journal of Sociology
, vol.115
, pp. 74-128
-
-
Papachristos, A.V.1
-
109
-
-
84870285034
-
The coming of a networked criminology? Using social network analysis in the study of crime and deviance
-
In: MacDonald John, editors New Brunswick NJ: Transaction
-
Papachristos, A. V. 2011. " The coming of a networked criminology? Using social network analysis in the study of crime and deviance ". In Advances in Criminological Theory, Edited by: MacDonald, John. vol 17, 101 - 140. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
-
(2011)
Advances in Criminological Theory
, vol.17
, pp. 101-140
-
-
Papachristos, A.V.1
-
110
-
-
85130139101
-
The coming of a networked criminology?
-
Papachristos, A. V. (2011). The coming of a networked criminology? Theoretical Criminology, 101-140.
-
(2011)
Theoretical Criminology
, pp. 101-140
-
-
Papachristos, A.V.1
-
111
-
-
84879178741
-
-
Boston, MA: Program in Criminal Justice Policy and Management, Harvard University
-
Papachristos, A. V., Braga, A. A. and Hureau, D. 2012. Social networks and the risk of gunshot injury, Boston, MA: Program in Criminal Justice Policy and Management, Harvard University.
-
(2012)
Social networks and the risk of gunshot injury
-
-
Papachristos, A.V.1
Braga, A.A.2
Hureau, D.3
-
112
-
-
33845935980
-
Neighborhood effects on street gang behavior
-
In: Short J. F., Hughes L., editors Lanham, MD: Altamira
-
Papachristos, A. V. and Kirk, D. S. 2006. " Neighborhood effects on street gang behavior ". In Studying youth gangs, Edited by: Short, J. F. Jr. and Hughes, L. 63 - 85. Lanham, MD: Altamira.
-
(2006)
Studying youth gangs
, pp. 63-85
-
-
Papachristos, A.V.1
Kirk, D.S.2
-
113
-
-
0039785274
-
The impact of sex composition on gangs and gang member delinquency
-
Peterson, D., Miller, J. and Esbensen, F.-A. 2001. The impact of sex composition on gangs and gang member delinquency. Criminology, 39 (2): 411 - 440.
-
(2001)
Criminology
, vol.39
, Issue.2
, pp. 411-440
-
-
Peterson, D.1
Miller, J.2
Esbensen, F.-A.3
-
114
-
-
28344436226
-
Gang membership and violent victimization
-
Peterson, D., Taylor, T. J. and Esbensen, F.-A. 2004. Gang membership and violent victimization. Justice Quarterly, 21: 793 - 815.
-
(2004)
Justice Quarterly
, vol.21
, pp. 793-815
-
-
Peterson, D.1
Taylor, T.J.2
Esbensen, F.-A.3
-
115
-
-
33645895293
-
Explaining gang homicides in Newark, New Jersey: Collective behavior or social disorganization?
-
Pizarro, J. and McGloin, J. M. 2006. Explaining gang homicides in Newark, New Jersey: Collective behavior or social disorganization?. Journal of Criminal Justice, 34 (2): 195 - 207.
-
(2006)
Journal of Criminal Justice
, vol.34
, Issue.2
, pp. 195-207
-
-
Pizarro, J.1
McGloin, J.M.2
-
116
-
-
84867677079
-
Structural covariates of gang homicide in large US cities
-
Advance online publication. doi: 10.1177/0022427811415535
-
Pyrooz, D. C. (2012). Structural covariates of gang homicide in large US cities. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, online first. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1177/0022427811415535
-
(2012)
Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, online first
-
-
Pyrooz, D.C.1
-
117
-
-
80053197048
-
Motives and methods for leaving the gang: Understanding the process of gang desistance
-
Pyrooz, D. C. and Decker, S. H. 2011. Motives and methods for leaving the gang: Understanding the process of gang desistance. Journal of Criminal Justice, 39 (5): 417 - 425.
-
(2011)
Journal of Criminal Justice
, vol.39
, Issue.5
, pp. 417-425
-
-
Pyrooz, D.C.1
Decker, S.H.2
-
119
-
-
84899807342
-
The ties that bind: Desistance from gangs
-
Advance online publication. doi: 10.1177/0011128710372191
-
Pyrooz, D. C., Decker, S. H., & Webb, V. J. (2010). The ties that bind: Desistance from gangs. Crime and Delinquency. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1177/0011128710372191
-
(2010)
Crime and Delinquency
-
-
Pyrooz, D.C.1
Decker, S.H.2
Webb, V.J.3
-
120
-
-
77958020165
-
Racial and ethnic heterogeneity, economic disadvantage, and gangs: A macro-level study of gang membership in urban America
-
Pyrooz, D. C., Fox, A. M. and Decker, S. H. 2010. Racial and ethnic heterogeneity, economic disadvantage, and gangs: A macro-level study of gang membership in urban America. Justice Quarterly, 27: 867 - 893.
-
(2010)
Justice Quarterly
, vol.27
, pp. 867-893
-
-
Pyrooz, D.C.1
Fox, A.M.2
Decker, S.H.3
-
121
-
-
84888135279
-
Gang organization, offending, and victimization: A cross-national analysis
-
In: Esbensen F.-A., Maxson C. L., editors New York: Springer
-
Pyrooz, D. C., Fox, A. M., Katz, C. M. and Decker, S. H. 2012. " Gang organization, offending, and victimization: A cross-national analysis ". In Youth gangs in international perspective, Edited by: Esbensen, F.-A. and Maxson, C. L. 85 - 105. New York: Springer.
-
(2012)
Youth gangs in international perspective
, pp. 85-105
-
-
Pyrooz, D.C.1
Fox, A.M.2
Katz, C.M.3
Decker, S.H.4
-
122
-
-
84878028532
-
Continuity and change in gang membership and gang embeddedness
-
Advance online publication doi:10.1177/0022427811434830
-
Pyrooz, D. C., Sweeten, G., & Piquero, A. R. (2012). Continuity and change in gang membership and gang embeddedness. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency. Advance online publication doi:10.1177/0022427811434830
-
(2012)
Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency
-
-
Pyrooz, D.C.1
Sweeten, G.2
Piquero, A.R.3
-
123
-
-
67650714737
-
The effect of urban street gang densities on small area homicide incidence in a large metropolitan county, 1994-2002
-
Robinson, P. L., Boscardin, W. J., George, S. M., Teklhaimanot, S., Heslin, K. C. and Bluthenthal, R. N. 2009. The effect of urban street gang densities on small area homicide incidence in a large metropolitan county, 1994-2002. Journal of Urban Health, 86: 511 - 523.
-
(2009)
Journal of Urban Health
, vol.86
, pp. 511-523
-
-
Robinson, P.L.1
Boscardin, W.J.2
George, S.M.3
Teklhaimanot, S.4
Heslin, K.C.5
Bluthenthal, R.N.6
-
124
-
-
77951622706
-
The Central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects
-
Rosenbaum, P. R. and Rubin, D. B. 1983. The Central role of the propensity score in observational studies for causal effects. Biometrika, 70 (1): 41 - 55.
-
(1983)
Biometrika
, vol.70
, Issue.1
, pp. 41-55
-
-
Rosenbaum, P.R.1
Rubin, D.B.2
-
125
-
-
0043138974
-
Facilitating violence: A comparison of gang-motivated, gang-affiliated, and non-gang youth homicides
-
Rosenfeld, R., Bray, T. M. and Egley, A. 1999. Facilitating violence: A comparison of gang-motivated, gang-affiliated, and non-gang youth homicides. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 15: 495 - 516.
-
(1999)
Journal of Quantitative Criminology
, vol.15
, pp. 495-516
-
-
Rosenfeld, R.1
Bray, T.M.2
Egley, A.3
-
127
-
-
84900900445
-
Cultural mechanisms and killing fields: A revised theory of community-level racial inequality
-
In: Peterson R. D., Krivo L. J., Hagan J., editors New York NY: New York University Press
-
Sampson, R. J. and Bean, L. 2006. " Cultural mechanisms and killing fields: A revised theory of community-level racial inequality ". In The many colors of crime: Inequalities of race, ethnicity, and crime in America, Edited by: Peterson, R. D., Krivo, L. J. and Hagan, J. 8 - 38. New York, NY: New York University Press.
-
(2006)
The many colors of crime: Inequalities of race, ethnicity, and crime in America
, pp. 8-38
-
-
Sampson, R.J.1
Bean, L.2
-
128
-
-
33748343650
-
Does marriage reduce crime? A counterfactual approach to within-individual causal effects
-
Sampson, R. J., Laub, J. H. and Wimer, C. 2006. Does marriage reduce crime? A counterfactual approach to within-individual causal effects. Criminology, 44: 465 - 508.
-
(2006)
Criminology
, vol.44
, pp. 465-508
-
-
Sampson, R.J.1
Laub, J.H.2
Wimer, C.3
-
129
-
-
0030879479
-
Neighborhoods and violent crime: A multilevel study of collective efficacy
-
Sampson, R. J., Raudenbush, S. W. and Earls, F. 1997. Neighborhoods and violent crime: A multilevel study of collective efficacy. Science, 277: 918 - 924.
-
(1997)
Science
, vol.277
, pp. 918-924
-
-
Sampson, R.J.1
Raudenbush, S.W.2
Earls, F.3
-
130
-
-
36549045737
-
-
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
-
Sarnecki, J. 2001. Delinquent networks, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
-
(2001)
Delinquent networks
-
-
Sarnecki, J.1
-
131
-
-
0005522961
-
Social factors in juvenile delinquency
-
Washington, DC: National Commission of Law Observance and Enforcement
-
Shaw, C. R., & McKay, H. D. (1931). "Social factors in juvenile delinquency". Report of the Causes of Crime, Volume 2. Washington, DC: National Commission of Law Observance and Enforcement.
-
(1931)
Report of the Causes of Crime
, vol.2
-
-
Shaw, C.R.1
McKay, H.D.2
-
133
-
-
0039931301
-
The level of explanation problem
-
In: Meier R., editors Beverly Hills, CA, Beverly Hills, CA,: Sage
-
Short, J. F. Jr. 1985. " The level of explanation problem ". In Theoretical methods in criminology, Edited by: Meier, R. 51 - 74. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
-
(1985)
Theoretical methods in criminology
, pp. 51-74
-
-
Short Jr., J.F.1
-
137
-
-
0011003810
-
Strategies and perceived agency effectiveness in dealing with the youth gang problem
-
In: Huff C. R., editors Newbury Park, CA: Sage
-
Spergel, I. A. and Curry, G. D. 1990. " Strategies and perceived agency effectiveness in dealing with the youth gang problem ". In Gangs in America, Edited by: Huff, C. R. 288 - 309. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
-
(1990)
Gangs in America
, pp. 288-309
-
-
Spergel, I.A.1
Curry, G.D.2
-
138
-
-
33947646202
-
-
Washington, DC: US Department of Justice
-
Starbuck, D., Howell, J. C. and Lindquist, D. J. 2001. Hybrid and other modern gangs: Youth gang series bulletin, Washington, DC: US Department of Justice.
-
(2001)
Hybrid and other modern gangs: Youth gang series bulletin
-
-
Starbuck, D.1
Howell, J.C.2
Lindquist, D.J.3
-
140
-
-
21644457706
-
Maybe we shouldn't study "gangs": Does reification obscure youth violence?
-
Sullivan, M. 2005. Maybe we shouldn't study "gangs": Does reification obscure youth violence?. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 21: 170 - 190.
-
(2005)
Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice
, vol.21
, pp. 170-190
-
-
Sullivan, M.1
-
143
-
-
84879164327
-
Disengaging from gangs and desistance from crime
-
Advance online publication. doi:10.1080/07418825.2012.723033
-
Sweeten, G., Pyrooz, D. C., & Piquero, A. R. (2012). Disengaging from gangs and desistance from crime. Justice Quarterly. Advance online publication. doi:10.1080/07418825.2012.723033.
-
(2012)
Justice Quarterly
-
-
Sweeten, G.1
Pyrooz, D.C.2
Piquero, A.R.3
-
144
-
-
41549148977
-
Youth gang membership and serious violent victimization: The importance of lifestyles and routine activities
-
Taylor, T. J., Freng, A., Esbensen, F.-A., & Peterson, D. (2008). Youth gang membership and serious violent victimization: The importance of lifestyles and routine activities. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 23, 1441-1464
-
(2008)
Journal of Interpersonal Violence
, vol.23
, pp. 1441-1464
-
-
Taylor, T.J.1
Freng, A.2
Esbensen, F.-A.3
Peterson, D.4
-
145
-
-
34848884482
-
Gang membership as a risk factor for adolescent violent victimization
-
Taylor, T. J., Peterson, D., Esbensen, F.-A. and Freng, A. 2007. Gang membership as a risk factor for adolescent violent victimization. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 44: 351 - 380.
-
(2007)
Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency
, vol.44
, pp. 351-380
-
-
Taylor, T.J.1
Peterson, D.2
Esbensen, F.-A.3
Freng, A.4
-
146
-
-
0023600005
-
Toward an Interactional Theory of Delinquency
-
Thornberry, T. P. 1987. Toward an Interactional Theory of Delinquency. Criminology, 25: 863 - 891.
-
(1987)
Criminology
, vol.25
, pp. 863-891
-
-
Thornberry, T.P.1
-
147
-
-
0027466108
-
The role of juvenile gangs in facilitating delinquent behavior
-
Thornberry, T. P., Krohn, M. D., Lizotte, A. J. and Chard-Wierschem, D. 1993. The role of juvenile gangs in facilitating delinquent behavior. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 30: 75 - 85.
-
(1993)
Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency
, vol.30
, pp. 75-85
-
-
Thornberry, T.P.1
Krohn, M.D.2
Lizotte, A.J.3
Chard-Wierschem, D.4
-
148
-
-
0242439958
-
-
New York, NY: Cambridge University Press
-
Thornberry, T. P., Krohn, M. D., Lizotte, A. J., Smith, C. A. and Tobin, K. 2003. Gangs and delinquency in developmental perspective, New York, NY: Cambridge University Press.
-
(2003)
Gangs and delinquency in developmental perspective
-
-
Thornberry, T.P.1
Krohn, M.D.2
Lizotte, A.J.3
Smith, C.A.4
Tobin, K.5
-
150
-
-
19744362046
-
An ecological study of the location of gang 'set space
-
Tita, G., Cohen, J. and Engberg, J. 2005. An ecological study of the location of gang 'set space'. Social Problems, 52: 272 - 299.
-
(2005)
Social Problems
, vol.52
, pp. 272-299
-
-
Tita, G.1
Cohen, J.2
Engberg, J.3
-
151
-
-
80255129292
-
Spatializing the social networks of gangs to explore patterns of violence
-
Tita, G. E. and Radil, S. M. 2011. Spatializing the social networks of gangs to explore patterns of violence. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 27: 521 - 545.
-
(2011)
Journal of Quantitative Criminology
, vol.27
, pp. 521-545
-
-
Tita, G.E.1
Radil, S.M.2
-
153
-
-
21644471966
-
Crips in orange; gangs and groups in the Netherlands
-
In: M. W. Klein, H.-J. Kerner, C. L. Maxson, & E. G. M. Weitekamp (Eds.), Dordrecht: Kluwer
-
Van Gemert, F. (2001). Crips in orange; gangs and groups in the Netherlands. In: M. W. Klein, H.-J. Kerner, C. L. Maxson, & E. G. M. Weitekamp (Eds.), The Eurogang paradox: Street gangs and youth groups in the U.S. and Europe (pp. 145-152). Dordrecht: Kluwer.
-
(2001)
The Eurogang paradox: Street gangs and youth groups in the U.S. and Europe
, pp. 145-152
-
-
Van Gemert, F.1
-
154
-
-
0031410147
-
The social organization of street gang activity in an urban Ghetto
-
Venkatesh, S. 1997. The social organization of street gang activity in an urban Ghetto. American Journal of Sociology, 103 (1): 82 - 111.
-
(1997)
American Journal of Sociology
, vol.103
, Issue.1
, pp. 82-111
-
-
Venkatesh, S.1
-
155
-
-
21644456162
-
The financial activity of a modern American street gang
-
In: S. Venkatesh, R. Curtis & C. H. Ramsey (Eds.), Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice. National Institute of Justice
-
Venkatesh, S. (1999). The financial activity of a modern American street gang. In: S. Venkatesh, R. Curtis & C. H. Ramsey (Eds.), Looking at crime from the street level (pp. 1-12). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Justice. National Institute of Justice.
-
(1999)
Looking at crime from the street level
, pp. 1-12
-
-
Venkatesh, S.1
-
157
-
-
0003503914
-
-
Austin, TX: University of Texas Press
-
Vigil, J. D. 1988. Barrio gangs, Austin, TX: University of Texas Press.
-
(1988)
Barrio gangs
-
-
Vigil, J.D.1
-
159
-
-
54949102052
-
Patterns of gun acquisition, carrying, and use among juvenile and adult arrestees: Evidence from a high crime city
-
Watkins, A. M., Huebner, B. M. and Decker, S. H. 2008. Patterns of gun acquisition, carrying, and use among juvenile and adult arrestees: Evidence from a high crime city. Justice Quarterly, 25: 674 - 700.
-
(2008)
Justice Quarterly
, vol.25
, pp. 674-700
-
-
Watkins, A.M.1
Huebner, B.M.2
Decker, S.H.3
-
160
-
-
80053972909
-
A comparative study of youth gangs in China and the United States: Definition, offending and victimization
-
Webb, V. J., Ren, L., Zhao, J., He, N. and Marshall, I. H. 2011. A comparative study of youth gangs in China and the United States: Definition, offending and victimization. International Criminal Justice Review, 21: 225 - 242.
-
(2011)
International Criminal Justice Review
, vol.21
, pp. 225-242
-
-
Webb, V.J.1
Ren, L.2
Zhao, J.3
He, N.4
Marshall, I.H.5
-
161
-
-
0003587885
-
-
Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press
-
Whyte, W. F. 1943. Street corner society, Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
-
(1943)
Street corner society
-
-
Whyte, W.F.1
-
162
-
-
84936824644
-
The social production of criminal homicide: A comparative study of disaggregated rates in American cities
-
Williams, K. R. and Flewelling, R. L. 1988. The social production of criminal homicide: A comparative study of disaggregated rates in American cities. American Sociological Review, 53: 421 - 431.
-
(1988)
American Sociological Review
, vol.53
, pp. 421-431
-
-
Williams, K.R.1
Flewelling, R.L.2
-
164
-
-
84883376853
-
-
Report No. 023, 2012. Public Safety Canada. Retrieved from
-
Wong, J., Gravel, J., Bouchard, M., Morselli, C., & Descormiers, K. (2012). Effectiveness of street gang control strategies: A systematic review and meta-analysis of evaluation studies. Report No. 023, 2012. Public Safety Canada. Retrieved from http://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2012/sp-ps/PS4-121-2012-eng.pdf
-
(2012)
Effectiveness of street gang control strategies: A systematic review and meta-analysis of evaluation studies
-
-
Wong, J.1
Gravel, J.2
Bouchard, M.3
Morselli, C.4
Descormiers, K.5
-
166
-
-
84879167565
-
Homicide as infectious disease: Using public health methods to investigate the diffusion of homicide
-
Advance online publication. doi:10.1080/07418825.2011.624113
-
Zeoli, A. M., Pizarro, J., Grady, S., & Melde, C. (2012). Homicide as infectious disease: Using public health methods to investigate the diffusion of homicide. Justice Quarterly. Advance online publication. doi:10.1080/07418825.2011.624113.
-
(2012)
Justice Quarterly
-
-
Zeoli, A.M.1
Pizarro, J.2
Grady, S.3
Melde, C.4
-
167
-
-
78650405553
-
Neighborhood context and the gender gap in adolescent violent crime
-
Zimmerman, G. M. and Messner, S. F. 2010. Neighborhood context and the gender gap in adolescent violent crime. American Sociological Review, 75 (6): 958 - 980.
-
(2010)
American Sociological Review
, vol.75
, Issue.6
, pp. 958-980
-
-
Zimmerman, G.M.1
Messner, S.F.2
-
168
-
-
79961156909
-
Neighborhood context and nonlinear peer effects on adolescent violent crime
-
Zimmerman, G. M. and Messner, S. F. 2011. Neighborhood context and nonlinear peer effects on adolescent violent crime. Criminology, 49 (3): 873 - 904.
-
(2011)
Criminology
, vol.49
, Issue.3
, pp. 873-904
-
-
Zimmerman, G.M.1
Messner, S.F.2
|