메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 18, Issue 38, 2012, Pages 6225-6231

Developmental synaptogenesis and general anesthesia: A kiss of death?

Author keywords

Apoptosis; Cognitive development; Immature brain; Learning and memory; Neuronal synapses; Pediatric anesthesiology

Indexed keywords

ANESTHETIC AGENT; DEXMEDETOMIDINE;

EID: 84873956734     PISSN: 13816128     EISSN: 18734286     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/138161212803832380     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (34)

References (71)
  • 1
    • 65449139086 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synapse formation in developing neural circuits
    • Colón-Ramos DA. Synapse formation in developing neural circuits. Curr Top Dev Biol 2009; 87: 53-79.
    • (2009) Curr Top Dev Biol , vol.87 , pp. 53-79
    • Colón-Ramos, D.A.1
  • 2
    • 70450203960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functions of axon guidance molecules in synapse formation
    • Chen SY, Cheng HJ. Functions of axon guidance molecules in synapse formation. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2009; 19: 471-8.
    • (2009) Curr Opin Neurobiol , vol.19 , pp. 471-478
    • Chen, S.Y.1    Cheng, H.J.2
  • 3
    • 0028921152 scopus 로고
    • Guidance and induction of branch formation in developing axons by target-derived diffusible factors
    • Kennedy TE, Tessier-Lavigne M. Guidance and induction of branch formation in developing axons by target-derived diffusible factors. Curr Opin Neurobiol 1995; 5: 83-90.
    • (1995) Curr Opin Neurobiol , vol.5 , pp. 83-90
    • Kennedy, T.E.1    Tessier-Lavigne, M.2
  • 4
    • 43749099615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CLEC-38, a transmembrane protein with C-type lectin-like domains, negatively regulates UNC-40-mediated axon outgrowth and promotes presynaptic development in Caenorhabditis elegans
    • Kulkarni G, Li H, Wadsworth WG. CLEC-38, a transmembrane protein with C-type lectin-like domains, negatively regulates UNC-40-mediated axon outgrowth and promotes presynaptic development in Caenorhabditis elegans. J Neurosci 2008; 28: 4541-50.
    • (2008) J Neurosci , vol.28 , pp. 4541-4550
    • Kulkarni, G.1    Li, H.2    Wadsworth, W.G.3
  • 5
    • 0033635736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EphB receptors interact with NMDA receptors and regulate excitatory synapse formation
    • Dalva MB, Takasu MA, Lin MZ, et al. EphB receptors interact with NMDA receptors and regulate excitatory synapse formation. Cell 2000; 103: 945-56.
    • (2000) Cell , vol.103 , pp. 945-956
    • Dalva, M.B.1    Takasu, M.A.2    Lin, M.Z.3
  • 6
    • 23844534710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The two isoforms of the Caenorhabditis elegans leukocyte-common antigen related receptor tyrosine phosphatase PTP-3 function independently in axon guidance and synapse formation
    • Ackley BD, Harrington RJ, Hudson ML, et al. The two isoforms of the Caenorhabditis elegans leukocyte-common antigen related receptor tyrosine phosphatase PTP-3 function independently in axon guidance and synapse formation. J Neurosci 2005; 25: 7517-28.
    • (2005) J Neurosci , vol.25 , pp. 7517-7528
    • Ackley, B.D.1    Harrington, R.J.2    Hudson, M.L.3
  • 7
    • 0347993700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple EphB receptor tyrosine kinases shape dendritic spines in the hippocampus
    • Henkemeyer M, Itkis OS, Ngo M, Hickmott PW, Ethell IM. Multiple EphB receptor tyrosine kinases shape dendritic spines in the hippocampus. J Cell Biol 2003; 163: 1313-26.
    • (2003) J Cell Biol , vol.163 , pp. 1313-1326
    • Henkemeyer, M.1    Itkis, O.S.2    Ngo, M.3    Hickmott, P.W.4    Ethell, I.M.5
  • 8
    • 33751343894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intracellular and trans-synaptic regulation of glutamatergic synaptogenesis by EphB receptors
    • Kayser MS, McClelland AC, Hughes EG, Dalva MB. Intracellular and trans-synaptic regulation of glutamatergic synaptogenesis by EphB receptors. J Neurosci 2006; 26: 12152-64.
    • (2006) J Neurosci , vol.26 , pp. 12152-12164
    • Kayser, M.S.1    McClelland, A.C.2    Hughes, E.G.3    Dalva, M.B.4
  • 9
    • 77957703062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of ambulatory anesthesia for children in the United States: 2006 and 1996
    • Rabbitts JA, Groenewald CB, Moriarty JP, Flick R. Epidemiology of ambulatory anesthesia for children in the United States: 2006 and 1996. Anesth Analg 2010; 111: 1011-5.
    • (2010) Anesth Analg , vol.111 , pp. 1011-1015
    • Rabbitts, J.A.1    Groenewald, C.B.2    Moriarty, J.P.3    Flick, R.4
  • 10
    • 42349089480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General anaesthesia: From molecular targets to neuronal pathways of sleep and arousal
    • Franks NP. General anaesthesia: from molecular targets to neuronal pathways of sleep and arousal. Nat Rev Neurosci 2008; 9: 370-86.
    • (2008) Nat Rev Neurosci , vol.9 , pp. 370-386
    • Franks, N.P.1
  • 11
    • 18544406678 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • GABAergic mechanisms in the action of general anesthetics
    • Hirota K, Roth SH, Fujimura J, Masuda A, Ito Y. GABAergic mechanisms in the action of general anesthetics. Toxicol Lett 1998; 100-101: 203-7.
    • (1998) Toxicol Lett , vol.100-101 , pp. 203-207
    • Hirota, K.1    Roth, S.H.2    Fujimura, J.3    Masuda, A.4    Ito, Y.5
  • 13
    • 0041324605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The actions of sevoflurane and desflurane on the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor type A: Effects of TM2 mutations in the alpha and beta subunits
    • Nishikawa K, Harrison NL. The actions of sevoflurane and desflurane on the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor type A: effects of TM2 mutations in the alpha and beta subunits. Anesthesiology 2003; 99: 678-84.
    • (2003) Anesthesiology , vol.99 , pp. 678-684
    • Nishikawa, K.1    Harrison, N.L.2
  • 14
    • 0020043384 scopus 로고
    • Effects of phencyclidine on excitatory amino acid activation of spinal interneurons in the cat
    • Lodge D, Anis NA. Effects of phencyclidine on excitatory amino acid activation of spinal interneurons in the cat. Eur J Pharmacol 1982; 77: 203-4.
    • (1982) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.77 , pp. 203-204
    • Lodge, D.1    Anis, N.A.2
  • 15
    • 2642593034 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitrous oxide (laughing gas) is an NMDA antagonist, neuroprotectant and neurotoxin
    • Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Todorovic SM, Mennerick S, et al. Nitrous oxide (laughing gas) is an NMDA antagonist, neuroprotectant and neurotoxin. Nature Medicine 1998; 4: 460-3.
    • (1998) Nature Medicine , vol.4 , pp. 460-463
    • Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.1    Todorovic, S.M.2    Mennerick, S.3
  • 19
    • 0018372689 scopus 로고
    • The brain growth spurt in various mammalian species
    • Dobbing J, Sands J. The brain growth spurt in various mammalian species. Early Hum Dev 1979; 3: 79-84.
    • (1979) Early Hum Dev , vol.3 , pp. 79-84
    • Dobbing, J.1    Sands, J.2
  • 20
    • 0027905017 scopus 로고
    • Modulation of neuronal migration by NMDA receptors
    • Komuro H, Rakic P. Modulation of neuronal migration by NMDA receptors. Science 1993; 260: 95-7.
    • (1993) Science , vol.260 , pp. 95-97
    • Komuro, H.1    Rakic, P.2
  • 21
    • 77449083249 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General anesthesia causes long-lasting disturbances in the ultrastructural properties of developing synapses in young rats
    • Lunardi N, Ori C, Erisir A, Jevtovic-Todorovic V. General anesthesia causes long-lasting disturbances in the ultrastructural properties of developing synapses in young rats. Neurotox Res 2009; 17: 179-88.
    • (2009) Neurotox Res , vol.17 , pp. 179-188
    • Lunardi, N.1    Ori, C.2    Erisir, A.3    Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.4
  • 22
    • 65349125308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of p75 neurotrophin receptor attenuates isofluranemediated neuronal apoptosis in the neonatal central nervous system
    • Head BP, Patel HH, Niesman IR, Drummond JC, Roth DM, Patel PM. Inhibition of p75 neurotrophin receptor attenuates isofluranemediated neuronal apoptosis in the neonatal central nervous system. Anesthesiology 2009; 110: 813-25.
    • (2009) Anesthesiology , vol.110 , pp. 813-825
    • Head, B.P.1    Patel, H.H.2    Niesman, I.R.3    Drummond, J.C.4    Roth, D.M.5    Patel, P.M.6
  • 23
    • 0037321378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early exposure to common anesthetic agents causes widespread neurodegeneration in the developing rat brain and persistent learning deficits
    • Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Hartman RE, Izumi Y, et al. Early exposure to common anesthetic agents causes widespread neurodegeneration in the developing rat brain and persistent learning deficits. J Neurosci 2003; 23: 876-82.
    • (2003) J Neurosci , vol.23 , pp. 876-882
    • Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.1    Hartman, R.E.2    Izumi, Y.3
  • 24
    • 25844506986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anesthesia induces neuronal cell death in the developing rat brain via the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways
    • Yon J-H, Daniel-Johnson J, Carter LB, Jevtovic-Todorovic V. Anesthesia induces neuronal cell death in the developing rat brain via the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. Neuroscience 2005; 35: 815-27.
    • (2005) Neuroscience , vol.35 , pp. 815-827
    • Yon, J.-H.1    Daniel-Johnson, J.2    Carter, L.B.3    Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.4
  • 25
    • 30544449399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Potential of ketamine and midazolam, individually or in combination, to induce apoptotic neurodegeneration in the infant mouse brain
    • Young C, Jevtovic-Todorovic V, Qin YQ, Wang H, Labruyere J, Olney JW. Potential of ketamine and midazolam, individually or in combination, to induce apoptotic neurodegeneration in the infant mouse brain. Br J Pharmacol 2005; 146: 189-97.
    • (2005) Br J Pharmacol , vol.146 , pp. 189-197
    • Young, C.1    Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.2    Qin, Y.Q.3    Wang, H.4    Labruyere, J.5    Olney, J.W.6
  • 26
    • 41149174313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical anesthesia causes permanent damage to the fetal guinea pig brain
    • Rizzi S, Carter LB, Ori C, Jevtovic-Todorovic V. Clinical anesthesia causes permanent damage to the fetal guinea pig brain. Brain Pathol 2008; 18: 198-210.
    • (2008) Brain Pathol , vol.18 , pp. 198-210
    • Rizzi, S.1    Carter, L.B.2    Ori, C.3    Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.4
  • 28
    • 0032947526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blockade of NMDA receptors and apoptotic neurodegeneration in the developing brain
    • Ikonomidou C, Bosch F, Miksa M, et al. Blockade of NMDA receptors and apoptotic neurodegeneration in the developing brain. Science 1999; 283: 70-4.
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , pp. 70-74
    • Ikonomidou, C.1    Bosch, F.2    Miksa, M.3
  • 29
    • 58749107529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of neonatal isoflurane exposure in mice on brain cell viability, adult behavior, learning, and memory
    • rd, et al. The effects of neonatal isoflurane exposure in mice on brain cell viability, adult behavior, learning, and memory. Anesth Analg 2009; 108: 90-104.
    • (2009) Anesth Analg , vol.108 , pp. 90-104
    • Loepke, A.W.1    Istaphanous, G.K.2    McAuliffe III, J.J.3
  • 30
    • 34447576670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine-induced neuronal cell death in the perinatal rhesus monkey
    • Slikker W Jr, Zou X, Hotchkiss CE, et al. Ketamine-induced neuronal cell death in the perinatal rhesus monkey. Toxicol Sci 2007; 98: 145-58.
    • (2007) Toxicol Sci , vol.98 , pp. 145-158
    • Slikker Jr., W.1    Zou, X.2    Hotchkiss, C.E.3
  • 31
    • 77649106829 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volatile anesthetics rapidly increase dendritic spine density in the rat medial prefrontal cortex during synaptogenesis
    • Briner A, De Roo M, Dayer A, Muller D, Habre W, Vutskits L. Volatile anesthetics rapidly increase dendritic spine density in the rat medial prefrontal cortex during synaptogenesis. Anesthesiology 2010; 112: 546-56.
    • (2010) Anesthesiology , vol.112 , pp. 546-556
    • Briner, A.1    de Roo, M.2    Dayer, A.3    Muller, D.4    Habre, W.5    Vutskits, L.6
  • 32
    • 77954052587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of sevoflurane on neuronal degeneration and GABAA subunit composition in a developing rat model of organotypic hippocampal slice cultures
    • Piehl E, Foley L, Barron M, D'Ardenne C, Guillod P, Wise-Faberowski L. The effect of sevoflurane on neuronal degeneration and GABAA subunit composition in a developing rat model of organotypic hippocampal slice cultures. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2010; 22: 220-9.
    • (2010) J Neurosurg Anesthesiol , vol.22 , pp. 220-229
    • Piehl, E.1    Foley, L.2    Barron, M.3    D'Ardenne, C.4    Guillod, P.5    Wise-Faberowski, L.6
  • 33
    • 0028170032 scopus 로고
    • Switch in the expression of rat GABAA-receptor subtypes during postnatal development: An immunohistochemical study
    • Fritschy JM, Paysan J, Enna A, Mohler H. Switch in the expression of rat GABAA-receptor subtypes during postnatal development: an immunohistochemical study. J Neurosci. 1994; 14: 5302-24.
    • (1994) J Neurosci , vol.14 , pp. 5302-5324
    • Fritschy, J.M.1    Paysan, J.2    Enna, A.3    Mohler, H.4
  • 34
    • 0029670123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Which GABAA-receptor subtypes really occur in the brain?
    • McKernan RM, Whiting PJ. Which GABAA-receptor subtypes really occur in the brain? Trends Neurosci. 1996; 19: 139-43.
    • (1996) Trends Neurosci , vol.19 , pp. 139-143
    • McKernan, R.M.1    Whiting, P.J.2
  • 35
    • 77954044918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sites of alcohol and volatile anesthetic action on GABA(A) and glycine receptors
    • Mihic SJ, Ye Q, Wick MJ, et al. Sites of alcohol and volatile anesthetic action on GABA(A) and glycine receptors. Nature 1997; 389: 334-5
    • (1997) Nature , vol.389 , pp. 334-335
    • Mihic, S.J.1    Ye, Q.2    Wick, M.J.3
  • 36
    • 0037383851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BDNF regulates spontaneous correlated activity at early developmental stages by increasing synaptogenesis and expression of the K+/Cl-co-transporter KCC2
    • Aguado F, Carmona MA, Pozas E, et al. BDNF regulates spontaneous correlated activity at early developmental stages by increasing synaptogenesis and expression of the K+/Cl-co-transporter KCC2. Development. 2003; 130: 1267-80.
    • (2003) Development , vol.130 , pp. 1267-1280
    • Aguado, F.1    Carmona, M.A.2    Pozas, E.3
  • 37
    • 0027384808 scopus 로고
    • Developmental changes in human gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor subunit composition
    • Brooks-Kayal AR, Pritchett DB. Developmental changes in human gamma-aminobutyric acidA receptor subunit composition. Ann Neurol. 1993; 34: 687-93.
    • (1993) Ann Neurol , vol.34 , pp. 687-693
    • Brooks-Kayal, A.R.1    Pritchett, D.B.2
  • 38
    • 65349185029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early exposure to anesthesia and learning disabilities in a population-based birth cohort
    • Wilder RT, Flick RP, Sprung J et al; Early exposure to anesthesia and learning disabilities in a population-based birth cohort. Anesthesiology 2009; 110: 796-804.
    • (2009) Anesthesiology , vol.110 , pp. 796-804
    • Wilder, R.T.1    Flick, R.P.2    Sprung, J.3
  • 39
    • 80055006361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphogenesis and Synaptic Transmission in Developing Rat Brain
    • Sanchez V, Feinstein SD, Lunardi N, et al. Morphogenesis and Synaptic Transmission in Developing Rat Brain. Anesthesiology 2011; 115: 992-1002.
    • (2011) Anesthesiology , vol.115 , pp. 992-1002
    • Sanchez, V.1    Feinstein, S.D.2    Lunardi, N.3
  • 41
    • 34548201806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neonatal exposure to a combination of N-methyl-D-aspartate and gammaaminobutyric acid type A receptor anesthetic agents potentiates apoptotic neurodegeneration and persistent behavioral deficits
    • Fredriksson A, Pontén E, Gordh T, Eriksson P. Neonatal exposure to a combination of N-methyl-D-aspartate and gammaaminobutyric acid type A receptor anesthetic agents potentiates apoptotic neurodegeneration and persistent behavioral deficits. Anesthesiology 2007; 107: 427-36.
    • (2007) Anesthesiology , vol.107 , pp. 427-436
    • Fredriksson, A.1    Pontén, E.2    Gordh, T.3    Eriksson, P.4
  • 42
    • 3242671409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurofunctional deficits and potentiated apoptosis by neonatal NMDA antagonist administration
    • Fredriksson A, Archer T, Alm H, Gordh T, Eriksson P. Neurofunctional deficits and potentiated apoptosis by neonatal NMDA antagonist administration. Behav Brain Res 2004; 153: 367-76.
    • (2004) Behav Brain Res , vol.153 , pp. 367-376
    • Fredriksson, A.1    Archer, T.2    Alm, H.3    Gordh, T.4    Eriksson, P.5
  • 43
    • 79953311290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ketamine anesthesia during the first week of life can cause long-lasting cognitive deficits in rhesus monkeys
    • Paule MG, Li M, Allen RR, et al. Ketamine anesthesia during the first week of life can cause long-lasting cognitive deficits in rhesus monkeys. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2011, 33: 220-30.
    • (2011) Neurotoxicol Teratol , vol.33 , pp. 220-230
    • Paule, M.G.1    Li, M.2    Allen, R.R.3
  • 44
    • 0032966011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Operant test battery performance in children: Correlation with IQ
    • Paule MG, Chelonis JJ, Buffalo EA, et al. Operant test battery performance in children: correlation with IQ. Neurotoxicol Teratol 1999; 21: 223-30.
    • (1999) Neurotoxicol Teratol , vol.21 , pp. 223-230
    • Paule, M.G.1    Chelonis, J.J.2    Buffalo, E.A.3
  • 45
    • 0002580124 scopus 로고
    • Psychic trauma of operations in children and a note on combat neurosis
    • Levy DM. Psychic trauma of operations in children and a note on combat neurosis. American Journal of Disease of Children 1945; 69: 7-25.
    • (1945) American Journal of Disease of Children , vol.69 , pp. 7-25
    • Levy, D.M.1
  • 46
    • 0009477711 scopus 로고
    • Psychiological preparation as a method of reducing emotional trauma of anesthesia in children
    • Jackson K. Psychiological preparation as a method of reducing emotional trauma of anesthesia in children. Anesthesiology 1951; 12; 293-300.
    • (1951) Anesthesiology , vol.12 , pp. 293-300
    • Jackson, K.1
  • 47
    • 77049157029 scopus 로고
    • Relationship of anesthesia to postoperative personality changes in children
    • Eckenhoff JE. Relationship of anesthesia to postoperative personality changes in children. Am J Dis Children 1953; 86: 587-91.
    • (1953) Am J Dis Children , vol.86 , pp. 587-591
    • Eckenhoff, J.E.1
  • 49
    • 0022654017 scopus 로고
    • Iatrogenic effects of general anesthesia in children: Considerations in treating large congenital nevocytic nevi
    • Backman ME, Kopf AW. Iatrogenic effects of general anesthesia in children: considerations in treating large congenital nevocytic nevi. J Dermatol Surg Oncol 1986; 12: 363-7.
    • (1986) J Dermatol Surg Oncol , vol.12 , pp. 363-367
    • Backman, M.E.1    Kopf, A.W.2
  • 50
    • 0023818525 scopus 로고
    • Physiological effects of day-case surgery compared with inpatient surgery
    • Campbell IR, Scaife JM, Johnstone JM. Physiological effects of day-case surgery compared with inpatient surgery. Archs Dis Childhood 1988; 63: 415-7.
    • (1988) Archs Dis Childhood , vol.63 , pp. 415-417
    • Campbell, I.R.1    Scaife, J.M.2    Johnstone, J.M.3
  • 51
    • 56149118489 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coinvestigators of the Pediatric Anesthesia Neurodevelopment Assessment (PANDA) Research Network. Anesthesia and neurodevelopment in children: Time for an answer?
    • Sun LS, Li G, Dimaggio C, et al. Coinvestigators of the Pediatric Anesthesia Neurodevelopment Assessment (PANDA) Research Network. Anesthesia and neurodevelopment in children: time for an answer? Anesthesiology 2008; 109: 757-61.
    • (2008) Anesthesiology , vol.109 , pp. 757-761
    • Sun, L.S.1    Li, G.2    Dimaggio, C.3
  • 52
    • 70349742914 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A retrospective cohort study of the association of anesthesia and hernia repair surgery with behavioral and developmental disorders in young children
    • DiMaggio C, Sun LS, Kakavouli A, Byrne MW, Li Guohua. A retrospective cohort study of the association of anesthesia and hernia repair surgery with behavioral and developmental disorders in young children. J Neuorsurgical Anesthesia 2009; 21: 286-91.
    • (2009) J Neuorsurgical Anesthesia , vol.21 , pp. 286-291
    • DiMaggio, C.1    Sun, L.S.2    Kakavouli, A.3    Byrne, M.W.4    Li, G.5
  • 53
    • 65349136383 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Behavior and development in children and age at the time of first anesthetic exposure
    • Kalkman CJ, Peelen L, Moons KG, et al. Behavior and development in children and age at the time of first anesthetic exposure. Anesthesiology 2009; 110: 805-12.
    • (2009) Anesthesiology , vol.110 , pp. 805-812
    • Kalkman, C.J.1    Peelen, L.2    Moons, K.G.3
  • 54
    • 33847265127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patent ductus arteriosus and its treatment as risk factors for neonatal and neurodevelopmental morbidity
    • Chorne N, Leonard C, Piecuch R, Clyman RI. Patent ductus arteriosus and its treatment as risk factors for neonatal and neurodevelopmental morbidity. Pediatrics 2007; 119: 1165-74.
    • (2007) Pediatrics , vol.119 , pp. 1165-1174
    • Chorne, N.1    Leonard, C.2    Piecuch, R.3    Clyman, R.I.4
  • 55
    • 20344407580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NICHD Neonatal Research Network. Neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants after necrotizing enterocolitis
    • Hintz SR, Kendrick DE, Stoll BJ, et al. NICHD Neonatal Research Network. Neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes of extremely low birth weight infants after necrotizing enterocolitis. Pediatrics 2005; 115: 696-703.
    • (2005) Pediatrics , vol.115 , pp. 696-703
    • Hintz, S.R.1    Kendrick, D.E.2    Stoll, B.J.3
  • 56
    • 33644613511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Poor predictive validity of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development for cognitive function of extremely low birth weight children at school age
    • Hack M, Taylor HG, Drotar D, et al. Poor predictive validity of the Bayley Scales of Infant Development for cognitive function of extremely low birth weight children at school age. Pediatrics 2005; 116: 333-41.
    • (2005) Pediatrics , vol.116 , pp. 333-341
    • Hack, M.1    Taylor, H.G.2    Drotar, D.3
  • 57
    • 34247877481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neurodevelopmental outcomes of neonates with medically and surgically treated necrotizing enterocolitis
    • Rees CM, Pierro A, Eaton S. Neurodevelopmental outcomes of neonates with medically and surgically treated necrotizing enterocolitis. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed 2007; 92: F193-8.
    • (2007) Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed , vol.92
    • Rees, C.M.1    Pierro, A.2    Eaton, S.3
  • 59
    • 0003021197 scopus 로고
    • I: Jacox AK, ed. Pain: a source book for nurses and other health professionals. Boston: Little, Brown
    • Eland JM, Anderson JE. The experience of pain in children. I: Jacox AK, ed. Pain: a source book for nurses and other health professionals. Boston: Little, Brown, 1977: 453-73.
    • (1977) The experience of pain in children , pp. 453-473
    • Eland, J.M.1    Anderson, J.E.2
  • 60
    • 0021908879 scopus 로고
    • Circumcision: The uniquely American medical enigma
    • Wallerstein E. Circumcision: the uniquely American medical enigma. Urol Clin N America 1985; 12: 123-32.
    • (1985) Urol Clin N America , vol.12 , pp. 123-132
    • Wallerstein, E.1
  • 61
    • 79956073366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term effects of routine morphine infusion in mechanically ventilated neonates on children's functioning: Five-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial
    • deGraaf J, van Lingen RA, Simons SHP, et al. Long-term effects of routine morphine infusion in mechanically ventilated neonates on children's functioning: five-year follow-up of a randomized controlled trial. Pain 2011; 152: 1391-7.
    • (2011) Pain , vol.152 , pp. 1391-1397
    • deGraaf, J.1    van Lingen, R.A.2    Simons, S.H.P.3
  • 62
    • 0001296326 scopus 로고
    • The children of alcoholic parents: Anomalies observed in 127 cases
    • Lemoine P, Harousseau H, Borteyru JP, Menuet JC. The children of alcoholic parents: anomalies observed in 127 cases. Quest Med 1968; 21: 476-82.
    • (1968) Quest Med , vol.21 , pp. 476-482
    • Lemoine, P.1    Harousseau, H.2    Borteyru, J.P.3    Menuet, J.C.4
  • 63
    • 0034635370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethanol-induced apoptotic neurodegeneration and fetal alcohol syndrome
    • Ikonomidou C, Bittigau P, Ishimaru MJ, et al. Ethanol-induced apoptotic neurodegeneration and fetal alcohol syndrome. Science 2000; 287: 1056-60.
    • (2000) Science , vol.287 , pp. 1056-1060
    • Ikonomidou, C.1    Bittigau, P.2    Ishimaru, M.J.3
  • 65
    • 33244492125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Melatonin reduces the severity of anesthesia-induced apoptotic neurodegeneration in the developing rat brain
    • Yon J-H, Carter LB, Reiter RJ, Jevtovic-Todorovic V. Melatonin reduces the severity of anesthesia-induced apoptotic neurodegeneration in the developing rat brain. Neurobiol Dis 2006; 21: 522-30.
    • (2006) Neurobiol Dis , vol.21 , pp. 522-530
    • Yon, J.-H.1    Carter, L.B.2    Reiter, R.J.3    Jevtovic-Todorovic, V.4
  • 66
    • 39149096576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of L-carnitine on the combination of, inhalation anestheticinduced developmental, neuronal apoptosis in the rat frontal cortex
    • Zou X, Sadovova N, Patterson TA, et al. The effects of L-carnitine on the combination of, inhalation anestheticinduced developmental, neuronal apoptosis in the rat frontal cortex. Neuroscience 2008; 151: 1053-65.
    • (2008) Neuroscience , vol.151 , pp. 1053-1065
    • Zou, X.1    Sadovova, N.2    Patterson, T.A.3
  • 67
    • 84856577905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The abolishment of anesthesia-induced cognitive impairment by timely protection of mitochondria in the developing rat brain: The importance of free oxygen radicals and mitochondrial integrity
    • Boscolo A, Starr JA, Sanchez V, et al. The abolishment of anesthesia-induced cognitive impairment by timely protection of mitochondria in the developing rat brain: The importance of free oxygen radicals and mitochondrial integrity. Neurobiol Dis 2012; 45: 1031-41.
    • (2012) Neurobiol Dis , vol.45 , pp. 1031-1041
    • Boscolo, A.1    Starr, J.A.2    Sanchez, V.3
  • 68
    • 65349084335 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lithium protects against anesthesia-induced developmental neuroapoptosis
    • Straiko MM, Young C, Cattano D, et al. Lithium protects against anesthesia-induced developmental neuroapoptosis. Anesthesiology. 2009; 110: 862-8. P
    • (2009) Anesthesiology , vol.110 , pp. 862-868
    • Straiko, M.M.1    Young, C.2    Cattano, D.3
  • 69
    • 33646846617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The brain erythropoietin system and its potential for therapeutic exploitation in brain disease
    • Hasselblatt M, Ehrenreich H, Sirén AL. The brain erythropoietin system and its potential for therapeutic exploitation in brain disease. J Neurosurg Anesthesiol 2006; 18: 132-8.
    • (2006) J Neurosurg Anesthesiol , vol.18 , pp. 132-138
    • Hasselblatt, M.1    Ehrenreich, H.2    Sirén, A.L.3
  • 70
    • 34147169147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Xenon mitigates isoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis in the developing rodent brain
    • Ma D, Williamson P, Januszewski A, et al. Xenon mitigates isoflurane-induced neuronal apoptosis in the developing rodent brain. Anesthesiology 2007; 106: 746-53.
    • (2007) Anesthesiology , vol.106 , pp. 746-753
    • Ma, D.1    Williamson, P.2    Januszewski, A.3
  • 71
    • 65549162169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dexmedetomidine attenuates isoflurane-induced neurocognitive impairment in neonatal rats
    • Sanders RD, Xu J, Shu Y, et al. Dexmedetomidine attenuates isoflurane-induced neurocognitive impairment in neonatal rats. Anesthesiology 2009; 110: 1077-85.
    • (2009) Anesthesiology , vol.110 , pp. 1077-1085
    • Sanders, R.D.1    Xu, J.2    Shu, Y.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.