Is there a shortage of scientists? A re-analysis of supply for the UK

British Journal of Educational Studies

Volumn 59, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 159-177

  Smith, Emma ^a   Gorard, Stephen ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BIRMINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

participation; policy; science education

Indexed keywords

EID: 84865827032     PISSN: 00071005     EISSN: 14678527     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00071005.2011.578567     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Attwood, R. (2010, 26 February) Mind the gap, Times Higher Education Supplement. www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/story.asp?sectioncode=26&storycode=410531&c=2 (Accessed: February 2010).
2. Barcelona European Council (2002) Presidency Conclusions, Barcelona European Council, 15 and 16 March. http://www.fondazionecrui.it/eracareers/documents/research_policy/Barcelona%20EUCouncil%202002.pdf (Accessed: October 2008).
3. BIS (2010) The Spending Review 2010, 20 October (London, Department for Business, Innovation and Skills). http://www.bis.gov.uk/news/topstories/2010/Oct/BIS-CSR
4. Broecke, S. and Hamed, J. (2008) Gender Gaps in Higher Education Participation: An Analysis of the Relationship between Prior Attainment and Young Participation by Gender, Socio-Economic Class and Ethnicity, DIUS Research Report 08 14. http://www.dius.gov.uk/research_and_analysis/~/media/publications/D/DIUS_RR_08_14 (Accessed: February 2010).
5. Brown, G. (2009) The Romanes Lecture given at the Sheldonian Theatre Oxford, 27 February. www.number10.gov/Page18472 (Accessed: May 2009).
6. Butz, W. P., Bloom, G. A., Gross, M. E., Kelly, T. K., Kofner, A. and Rippen, H. E. 2006. Is there a Shortage of Scientists and Engineers? Issue Paper: Science and Technology, California: The RAND Corporation.
7. CBI (2008) Taking Stock: CBI Education and Skills Survey 2008 (London, CBI). http://www.cbi.org.uk/pdf/skills_report0408.pdf (Accessed: June 2009).
8. CBI (2010) SET for Growth: Business Priorities for Science, Engineering and Technology. http://highereducation.cbi.org.uk/uploaded/SET_for_growth.pdf (Accessed: November 2010).
9. Ceci, S., Williams, W. and Barnett, S. 2009. Women's underrepresentation in science: sociocultural and biological considerations. Psychological Bulletin, 135(2): 218-261.
10. Coe, R., Searle, J., Barmby, P., Jones, K. and Higgins, S. (2008) Relative Difficulty of Examinations in Different Subjects. Report for SCORE. http://sv.iop.org/News/Community_News_Archive/2008/file_30371.doc (Accessed: May 2009).
11. Council of European Union (2005) Presidency Conclusions, European Union Council Brussels 22-23 March. http://ue.eu.int/ueDocs/cms_Data/docs/pressdata/en/ec/84335.pdf (Accessed: October 2008).
12. Denholm, J. and Macleod, D. 2003. Prospects for Growth in Further Education, Somerset: Learning and Skills Research Centre.
13. Department for Children, Schools and Families (2006) The Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics Programme Report (London, DCSF). http://www.dcsf.gov.uk/hegateway/uploads/STEM%20Programme%20Report.pdf
14. DIU (2009) The Demand for Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) Skills. http://www.bis.gov.uk/assets/biscore/corporate/migratedd/publications/d/demand_for_stem_kills.pdf (Accessed: March 2010).
15. Gago, J., Ziman, J., Caro, P., Constantinou, C., Davies, G., Parchmann, I., Rannikmae, M. and Sjoberg, S. 2004. Increasing Human Resources for Science and Technology in Europe, Luxembourg: European Communities. Report of the High Level Group on Human Resources for Science and Technology in Europe
16. Galindo-Rueda, F., Marcenaro-Gutierrez, O. and Vignoles, A. 2004. The widening socio-economic gap in higher education. National Institute Economic Review, 190(1): 75-88.
17. Gorard, S. 2008. Who is missing from higher education?. Cambridge Journal of Education, 38(3): 421-437.
18. Gorard, S. and See, B. H. 2009. The impact of socio-economic status on participation and attainment in science. Studies in Science Education, 45(1): 93-129.
19. Gorard, S., Rees, G. and Salisbury, J. 2001. Investigating the patterns of differential attainment of boys and girls in school. British Educational Research Journal, 27(2): 125-139.
20. Gorard, S., See, B. H., Smith, E. and White, P. 2006. Teacher Supply: the Key Issues, London: Continuum.
21. Gorard, S., Adnett, N., May, H., Slack, K., Smith, E. and Thomas, L. 2007. Overcoming the Barriers to Higher Education, Stoke-on-Trent: Trentham Books.
22. Greenfield, S., Peters, J., Lane, N., Rees, T. and Samuels, G. (2002) A Report on Women in Science, Engineering, and Technology for the Secretary of State for Trade and Industry. http://extra.shu.ac.uk/nrc/section_2/publications/reports/R1182_SET_Fair_Report.pdf (Accessed: March 2010).
23. Harding, R. 2009. Women's Enterprise and SET, London: NPCWE.
24. HEFCE (2008) Strategically Important and Vulnerable Subjects. Final report of the 2008 advisory group. www.stemnet.org.uk/_db/_documents/strategic_subjects_final_report_08_20090323042053.pdf (Accessed: April 2010).
25. Hobbs, G. and Vignoles, A. 2010. Is children's free school meal 'eligibility' a good proxy for family income?. British Educational Research Journal, 36(4): 673-690.
26. Hurtado, S., Cabrera, N. L., Lin, M. H., Arellano, L. and Espinosa, L. L. 2009. Diversifying science: underrepresented student experiences in structured research programs. Research in Higher Education, 50(2): 189-214.
27. Leitch Review of Skills. 2006. Prosperity for All in the Global Economy-World Class Skills: Final Report, London: HMSO.
28. Lisbon European Council (2000) Presidency conclusions, Lisbon European Council, 23 and 24 March. http://ue.eu.int/ueDocs/cms_Data/docs/pressData/en/ec/00100-r1.en0.htm (Accessed: October 2008).
29. Lowell, L. and Salzman, H. (2007) Into the Eye of the Storm: Assessing the Evidence on Science and Engineering Education, Quality and Workforce Demand, Urban Institute. http://www.urban.org/publications/411562.html (Accessed: May 2010).
30. National Academy of Sciences (2007) Rising above the Gathering Storm: Energizing and Employing America for a Brighter Economic Future. http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=11463&page=86(Accessed: November 2009).
31. National Audit Office (2008) Widening Participation in Higher Education (London, The Stationery Office). http://www.nao.org.uk/publications/0708/widening_participation_in_high.aspx (Accessed: February 2010).
32. National Science Foundation (2008) Science and Engineering Indicators. http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/seind08/c2/c2s2.htm (Accessed: January 2010).
33. Osborne, J. and Dillon, J. 2008. Science Education in Europe: Critical Reflections. A report to the Nuffield Foundation, London: Nuffield Foundation.
34. Osborne, J., Simon, S. and Collins, S. 2003. Attitudes towards science: a review of the literature and its implications. International Journal of Science Education, 25(9): 1049-1079.
35. Parry, G. 2006. Policy-participation trajectories in English higher education. Higher Education Quarterly, 60(4): 392-412.
36. Prados, J. W. (1998) Engineering Education in the United States: Past, Present and Future. www.ineer.org/Events/ICEE1998/Icee/papers/255.pdf (Accessed: December 2009).
37. Raffe, D., Croxford, L., Iannelli, C., Shapira, M. and Howieson, C. (2006) Social-Class Inequalities in Education in England and Scotland, Special CES Briefing No. 40 May 2006, Centre for Educational Sociology. http://www.ces.ed.ac.uk/PDF per cent20Files/Brief040.pdf (Accessed: February 2010).
38. Rawls, J. 1971. A Theory of Justice, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
39. Roberts, G. 2002. SET for Success: the Study of People with Science, Technology Engineering and Mathematical Skills, London: HMSO.
40. Seymour, E. and Hewitt, N. M. 1997. Talking about Leaving: Why Undergraduates Leave the Sciences, Colorado: Westview Press.
41. Smail, B., Whyte, J. and Kelly, A. 1982. Girls into science and technology: the first two years. School Science Review, June: 620-629.
42. Smith, E. 2010. Is there a crisis in school science education in the UK?. Educational Review, 62(2): 189-202.
43. Smith, E. 2010a. Do we need more scientists? A long term view of patterns of participation in UK Undergraduate Science Programmes. Cambridge Journal of Education, 40(3): 281-298.
44. Smith, E. 2011. Staying in the science stream: patterns of participation in A-level science subjects in the UK. Educational Studies, 37(1): 59-71.
45. Smith, E. (2012) Women into science and engineering? Gendered participation in higher education STEM subjects, British Educational Research Journal, forthcoming. http://www.informaworld.com/smpp/content~db=all~content=a931197479~frm=titlelink
46. Smith, E. and White, P. 2012. Who is studying science? The impact of widening participation policies on the social composition of UK undergraduate science programmes. Journal of Education Policy, forthcoming
47. st Century, Paper 2, London: SOCI Insight.
48. Teitelbaum, M.S. 2003. Do we need more scientists?. The Public Interest,: 40-53. Fall
49. Uerz, D., Dekkers, H. and Beguin, A. 2004. Mathematics and language skills and the choice of science subjects in secondary education. Educational Research and Evaluation, 10(2): 163-182.
50. Willetts, D. (2010) David Willetts, speech delivered to the HEFCE Annual Conference, Royal College of Physicians, London, 21 October 2010. http://nds.coi.gov.uk/content/Detail.aspx?ReleaseID=416135&NewsAreaID=2331
51. WISE (2007) Women into Science, Engineering and Construction. http://www.wisecampaign.org.uk/ (Accessed: December 2009).
52. Wynarczyk, P. and Hale, S. (2009) Improving Take up of Science and Technology Subjects in Schools and Colleges, A Synthesis Review Report prepared for the Economic and Social Research Council 'Science in Society' Team and the DCSF. http://tinyurl.com/39xqo8o(Accessed: September 2010).
53. Zalevski, A. and Kirkup, G. 2009. The Case for Increasing Gender Diversity of Company Boards in SET, Policy Briefing No. 12, Bradford: UK Resource Centre for Women in SET.