메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 6, Issue 3, 2012, Pages 153-161

Polymer solar cells

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords


EID: 84863229720     PISSN: 17494885     EISSN: 17494893     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nphoton.2012.11     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (4091)

References (117)
  • 2
    • 2342486652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The path to ubiquitous and low-cost organic electronic appliances on plastic
    • DOI 10.1038/nature02498
    • Forrest, S. R. The path to ubiquitous and low-cost organic electronic appliances on plastic. Nature 428, 911-918 (2004). (Pubitemid 38568095)
    • (2004) Nature , vol.428 , Issue.6986 , pp. 911-918
    • Forrest, S.R.1
  • 3
    • 84863231300 scopus 로고
    • Multilayer organic photovoltaic elements
    • Tang, C. W. Multilayer organic photovoltaic elements. US patent 4, 164,431 (1979).
    • (1979) US patent 4 , vol.164 , pp. 431
    • Tang, C.W.1
  • 4
    • 0022594397 scopus 로고
    • 2-layer organic photovoltaic cell
    • Tang, C. W. 2-layer organic photovoltaic cell. Appl. Phys. Lett. 48, 183-185 (1986).
    • (1986) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.48 , pp. 183-185
    • Tang, C.W.1
  • 5
    • 84862829122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spin-coated small molecules for high performance solar cells
    • Liu, Y. S. et al. Spin-coated small molecules for high performance solar cells. Adv. Energy Mater. 1, 771-775 (2011).
    • (2011) Adv. Energy Mater. , vol.1 , pp. 771-775
    • Liu, Y.S.1
  • 6
    • 66149086912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymer-fullerene bulkheterojunction solar cells
    • Dennler, G., Scharber, M. C. & Brabec, C. J. Polymer-fullerene bulkheterojunction solar cells. Adv. Mater. 21, 1323-1338 (2009).
    • (2009) Adv. Mater. , vol.21 , pp. 1323-1338
    • Dennler, G.1    Scharber, M.C.2    Brabec, C.J.3
  • 7
    • 33751155464 scopus 로고
    • Preparation and characterization of fulleroid and methanofullerene derivatives
    • Hummelen, J. C. et al. Preparation and characterization of fulleroid and methanofullerene derivatives. J. Org. Chem. 60, 532-538 (1995).
    • (1995) J. Org. Chem. , vol.60 , pp. 532-538
    • Hummelen, J.C.1
  • 8
    • 11944258963 scopus 로고
    • Photoinduced electron-transfer from a conducting polymer to Buckminsterfullerene
    • Sariciftci, N. S., Smilowitz, L., Heeger, A. J. & Wudl, F. Photoinduced electron-transfer from a conducting polymer to Buckminsterfullerene. Science 258, 1474-1476 (1992).
    • (1992) Science , vol.258 , pp. 1474-1476
    • Sariciftci, N.S.1    Smilowitz, L.2    Heeger, A.J.3    Wudl, F.4
  • 9
    • 0026850427 scopus 로고
    • Doping effect of Buckminsterfullerene in conducting polymer -change of absorptionspectrum and quenching of luminescence
    • Morita, S., Zakhidov, A. A. & Yoshino, K. Doping effect of Buckminsterfullerene in conducting polymer -change of absorptionspectrum and quenching of luminescence. Solid State Commun. 82, 249-252 (1992).
    • (1992) Solid State Commun. , vol.82 , pp. 249-252
    • Morita, S.1    Zakhidov, A.A.2    Yoshino, K.3
  • 10
    • 0027641715 scopus 로고
    • Semiconducting polymers (as donors) and buckminsterfullerene (as acceptor): photoinduced electron transfer and heterojunction devices
    • DOI 10.1016/0379-6779(93)91166-Y
    • Sariciftci, N. S., Smilowitz, L., Heeger, A. J. & Wudl, F. Semiconducting polymers (as donors) and Buckminsterfullerene (as acceptor) -photoinduced electron-transfer and heterojunction devices. Synth. Met. 59, 333-352 (1993). (Pubitemid 23708656)
    • (1993) Synthetic Metals , vol.59 , Issue.3 , pp. 333-352
    • Sariciftci, N.S.1    Smilowitz, L.2    Heeger, A.J.3    Wudl, F.4
  • 11
    • 36449009286 scopus 로고
    • P-I-N like behavior in 3-layered organic solar-cells having a co-deposited interlayer of pigments
    • Hiramoto, M., Fujiwara, H. & Yokoyama, M. P-I-N like behavior in 3-layered organic solar-cells having a co-deposited interlayer of pigments. J. Appl. Phys. 72, 3781-3787 (1992).
    • (1992) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.72 , pp. 3781-3787
    • Hiramoto, M.1    Fujiwara, H.2    Yokoyama, M.3
  • 12
    • 0029483704 scopus 로고
    • Polymer photovoltaic cells: Enhanced efficiencies via a network of internal donor-acceptor heterojunctions
    • Yu, G., Gao, J., Hummelen, J. C., Wudl, F. & Heeger, A. J. Polymer photovoltaic cells -enhanced efficiencies via a network of internal donor-acceptor heterojunctions. Science 270, 1789-1791 (1995). (Pubitemid 126635480)
    • (1995) Science , vol.270 , Issue.5243 , pp. 1789-1791
    • Yu, G.1    Gao, J.2    Hummelen, J.C.3    Wudl, F.4    Heeger, A.J.5
  • 13
    • 0029358852 scopus 로고
    • Efficient photodiodes from interpenetrating polymer networks
    • Halls, J. J. M. et al. Efficient photodiodes from interpenetrating polymer networks. Nature 376, 498-500 (1995).
    • (1995) Nature , vol.376 , pp. 498-500
    • Halls, J.J.M.1
  • 14
    • 33644634092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-efficiency solution processable polymer photovoltaic cells by self-organization of polymer blends
    • Li, G. et al. High-efficiency solution processable polymer photovoltaic cells by self-organization of polymer blends. Nature Mater. 4, 864-868 (2005).
    • (2005) Nature Mater. , vol.4 , pp. 864-868
    • Li, G.1
  • 15
    • 26844438506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermally stable, efficient polymer solar cells with nanoscale control of the interpenetrating network morphology
    • DOI 10.1002/adfm.200500211
    • Ma, W. L., Yang, C. Y., Gong, X., Lee, K. & Heeger, A. J. Thermally stable, efficient polymer solar cells with nanoscale control of the interpenetrating network morphology. Adv. Funct. Mater. 15, 1617-1622 (2005). (Pubitemid 41454589)
    • (2005) Advanced Functional Materials , vol.15 , Issue.10 , pp. 1617-1622
    • Ma, W.1    Yang, C.2    Gong, X.3    Lee, K.4    Heeger, A.J.5
  • 16
    • 0037389306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Small molecular weight organic thin-film photodetectors and solar cells
    • Peumans, P., Yakimov, A. & Forrest, S. R. Small molecular weight organic thin-film photodetectors and solar cells. J. Appl. Phys. 93, 3693-3723 (2003).
    • (2003) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.93 , pp. 3693-3723
    • Peumans, P.1    Yakimov, A.2    Forrest, S.R.3
  • 17
    • 33947274709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward high-performance polymer solar cells: The importance of morphology control
    • DOI 10.1021/ma0618732
    • Yang, X. & Loos, J. Toward high-performance polymer solar cells: The Importance of Morphology Control. Macromolecules 40, 1353-1362 (2007). (Pubitemid 46423651)
    • (2007) Macromolecules , vol.40 , Issue.5 , pp. 1353-1362
    • Yang, X.1    Loos, J.2
  • 18
    • 61849114648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanostructured organic-inorganic hybrid solar cells
    • McGehee, M. D. Nanostructured organic-inorganic hybrid solar cells. MRS Bull. 34, 95-100 (2009).
    • (2009) MRS Bull. , vol.34 , pp. 95-100
    • McGehee, M.D.1
  • 19
    • 74849104328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photovoltaic devices with a low band gap polymer and CdSe nanostructures exceeding 3% efficiency
    • Dayal, S., Kopidakis, N., Olson, D. C., Ginley, D. S. & Rumbles, G. Photovoltaic devices with a low band gap polymer and CdSe nanostructures exceeding 3% efficiency. Nano Lett. 10, 239-242 (2010).
    • (2010) Nano Lett. , vol.10 , pp. 239-242
    • Dayal, S.1    Kopidakis, N.2    Olson, D.C.3    Ginley, D.S.4    Rumbles, G.5
  • 21
    • 69249158021 scopus 로고
    • Conducting polymer formed of poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-p- phenylene vinylene)
    • Wudl, F. & Srdanov, G. Conducting polymer formed of poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-p-phenylene vinylene). US patent 5,189,136 (1993).
    • (1993) US patent 5,189,136
    • Wudl, F.1    Srdanov, G.2
  • 22
    • 79956032713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of LiF/metal electrodes on the performance of plastic solar cells
    • Brabec, C. J., Shaheen, S. E., Winder, C., Sariciftci, N. S. & Denk, P. Effect of LiF/metal electrodes on the performance of plastic solar cells. Appl. Phys. Lett. 80, 1288-1290 (2002).
    • (2002) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.80 , pp. 1288-1290
    • Brabec, C.J.1    Shaheen, S.E.2    Winder, C.3    Sariciftci, N.S.4    Denk, P.5
  • 24
    • 0001027075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soluble and processable regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) for thin film field-effect transistor applications with high mobility
    • Bao, Z., Dodabalapur, A. & Lovinger, A. J. Soluble and processable regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) for thin film field-effect transistor applications with high mobility. Appl. Phys. Lett. 69, 4108-4110 (1996). (Pubitemid 126647952)
    • (1996) Applied Physics Letters , vol.69 , Issue.26 , pp. 4108-4110
    • Bao, Z.1    Dodabalapur, A.2    Lovinger, A.J.3
  • 25
  • 27
    • 34547301474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficiency enhancement in low-bandgap polymer solar cells by processing with alkane dithiols
    • DOI 10.1038/nmat1928, PII NMAT1928
    • Peet, J. et al. Efficiency enhancement in low-bandgap polymer solar cells by processing with alkane dithiols. Nature Mater. 6, 497-500 (2007). (Pubitemid 47143454)
    • (2007) Nature Materials , vol.6 , Issue.7 , pp. 497-500
    • Peet, J.1    Kim, J.Y.2    Coates, N.E.3    Ma, W.L.4    Moses, D.5    Heeger, A.J.6    Bazan, G.C.7
  • 28
    • 34548632007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A low-bandgap poly(2,7-carbazole) derivative for use in high-performance solar cells
    • DOI 10.1002/adma.200602496
    • Blouin, N., Michaud, A. & Leclerc, M. A low-bandgap poly(2,7-carbazole) derivative for use in high-performance solar cells. Adv. Mater. 19, 2295-2300 (2007). (Pubitemid 47409295)
    • (2007) Advanced Materials , vol.19 , Issue.17 , pp. 2295-2300
    • Blouin, N.1    Michaud, A.2    Leclerc, M.3
  • 29
    • 67649207662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bulk heterojunction solar cells with internal quantum efficiency approaching 100%
    • Park, S. H. et al. Bulk heterojunction solar cells with internal quantum efficiency approaching 100%. Nature Photon. 3, 297-302 (2009).
    • (2009) Nature Photon. , vol.3 , pp. 297-302
    • Park, S.H.1
  • 30
    • 67749101411 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of new semiconducting polymers for high performance solar cells
    • Liang, Y. Y. et al. Development of new semiconducting polymers for high performance solar cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 56-57 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.131 , pp. 56-57
    • Liang, Y.Y.1
  • 31
    • 67650555653 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Highly efficient solar cell polymers developed via finetuning of structural and electronic properties
    • Liang, Y. Y. et al. Highly efficient solar cell polymers developed via finetuning of structural and electronic properties. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 7792-7799 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.131 , pp. 7792-7799
    • Liang, Y.Y.1
  • 32
    • 70350774564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymer solar cells with enhanced open-circuit voltage and efficiency
    • Chen, H. Y. et al. Polymer solar cells with enhanced open-circuit voltage and efficiency. Nature Photon. 3, 649-653 (2009).
    • (2009) Nature Photon. , vol.3 , pp. 649-653
    • Chen, H.Y.1
  • 33
    • 79953054021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluorine substituted conjugated polymer of medium band gap yields 7% efficiency in polymer-fullerene solar cells
    • Price, S. C., Stuart, A. C., Yang, L. Q., Zhou, H. X. & You, W. Fluorine substituted conjugated polymer of medium band gap yields 7% efficiency in polymer-fullerene solar cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133, 4625-4631 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.133 , pp. 4625-4631
    • Price, S.C.1    Stuart, A.C.2    Yang, L.Q.3    Zhou, H.X.4    You, W.5
  • 34
    • 79952632715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of fluorinated benzothiadiazole as a structural unit for a polymer solar cell of 7% efficiency
    • Zhou, H. X. et al. Development of fluorinated benzothiadiazole as a structural unit for a polymer solar cell of 7% efficiency. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 50, 2995-2998 (2011).
    • (2011) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , vol.50 , pp. 2995-2998
    • Zhou, H.X.1
  • 35
    • 79960897210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving device efficiency of polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells through enhanced crystallinity and reduced grain boundaries induced by solvent additives
    • Su, M. S. et al. Improving device efficiency of polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction solar cells through enhanced crystallinity and reduced grain boundaries induced by solvent additives. Adv. Mater. 23, 3315-3319 (2011).
    • (2011) Adv. Mater. , vol.23 , pp. 3315-3319
    • Su, M.S.1
  • 36
    • 80051691711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A robust inter-connecting layer for achieving high performance tandem polymer solar cells
    • Yang, J. et al. A robust inter-connecting layer for achieving high performance tandem polymer solar cells. Adv. Mater. 23, 3465-3470 (2011).
    • (2011) Adv. Mater. , vol.23 , pp. 3465-3470
    • Yang, J.1
  • 37
    • 79955794671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient, air-stable bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells using MoOx as the anode interfacial layer
    • Sun, Y. M. et al. Efficient, air-stable bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells using MoOx as the anode interfacial layer. Adv. Mater. 23, 2226-2230 (2011).
    • (2011) Adv. Mater. , vol.23 , pp. 2226-2230
    • Sun, Y.M.1
  • 38
    • 79953043020 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bulk heterojunction solar cells using thieno[3,4-c] pyrrole-4,6-dione and dithieno3,2-b:2',3'-d]silole copolymer with a power conversion efficiency of 7.3%
    • Chu, T. Y. et al. Bulk heterojunction solar cells using thieno[3,4-c] pyrrole-4,6-dione and dithieno3,2-b:2',3'-d]silole copolymer with a power conversion efficiency of 7.3%. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133, 4250-4253 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.133 , pp. 4250-4253
    • Chu, T.Y.1
  • 39
    • 79959867133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dithienogermole as a fused electron donor in bulk heterojunction solar cells
    • Amb, C. M. et al. Dithienogermole as a fused electron donor in bulk heterojunction solar cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133, 10062-10065 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.133 , pp. 10062-10065
    • Amb, C.M.1
  • 40
    • 73249138888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis of conjugated polymers for organic solar cell applications
    • Cheng, Y. J., Yang, S. H. & Hsu, C. S. Synthesis of conjugated polymers for organic solar cell applications. Chem. Rev. 109, 5868-5923 (2009).
    • (2009) Chem. Rev. , vol.109 , pp. 5868-5923
    • Cheng, Y.J.1    Yang, S.H.2    Hsu, C.S.3
  • 41
    • 78249239221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of semiconducting polymers for solar energy harvesting
    • Liang, Y. Y. & Yu, L. P. Development of semiconducting polymers for solar energy harvesting. Polym. Rev. 50, 454-473 (2010).
    • (2010) Polym. Rev. , vol.50 , pp. 454-473
    • Liang, Y.Y.1    Yu, L.P.2
  • 42
    • 33645392241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Design rules for donors in bulk-heterojunction solar cells -towards 10 % energy-conversion efficiency
    • Scharber, M. C. et al. Design rules for donors in bulk-heterojunction solar cells -towards 10 % energy-conversion efficiency. Adv. Mater. 18, 789-794 (2006).
    • (2006) Adv. Mater. , vol.18 , pp. 789-794
    • Scharber, M.C.1
  • 43
    • 28344441869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chlorophyll-layer-inserted poly(3-hexyl-thiophene) solar cell having a high light-to-current conversion efficiency up to 1.48%
    • Yun, J. J. et al. Chlorophyll-layer-inserted poly(3-hexyl-thiophene) solar cell having a high light-to-current conversion efficiency up to 1.48%. Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 123102 (2005).
    • (2005) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.87 , pp. 123102
    • Yun, J.J.1
  • 44
    • 0000436754 scopus 로고
    • Self-orienting head-to-tail poly(3-alkylthiophenes) -new insights on structure-property relationships in conducting polymers
    • Mccullough, R. D., Tristramnagle, S., Williams, S. P., Lowe, R. D. & Jayaraman, M. Self-orienting head-to-tail poly(3-alkylthiophenes) -new insights on structure-property relationships in conducting polymers. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115, 4910-4911 (1993).
    • (1993) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.115 , pp. 4910-4911
    • Mccullough, R.D.1    Tristramnagle, S.2    Williams, S.P.3    Lowe, R.D.4    Jayaraman, M.5
  • 45
    • 0032545044 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tuning redox behavior and emissive wavelength of conjugated polymers by p-n dibblock structures [7]
    • DOI 10.1021/ja982561k
    • Yu, W. L., Meng, H., Pei, J. & Huang, W. Tuning redox behavior and emissive wavelength of conjugated polymers by p-n diblock structures. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 120, 11808-11809 (1998). (Pubitemid 28543599)
    • (1998) Journal of the American Chemical Society , vol.120 , Issue.45 , pp. 11808-11809
    • Yu, W.-L.1    Meng, H.2    Pei, J.3    Huang, W.4
  • 46
    • 1842424510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluorene-based low band-gap copolymers for high performance photovoltaic devices
    • Zhou, Q. M. et al. Fluorene-based low band-gap copolymers for high performance photovoltaic devices. Appl. Phys. Lett. 84, 1653-1655 (2004).
    • (2004) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.84 , pp. 1653-1655
    • Zhou, Q.M.1
  • 47
    • 38049123581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new donor-acceptor-donor polyfluorene copolymer with balanced electron and hole mobility
    • Gadisa, A. et al. A new donor-acceptor-donor polyfluorene copolymer with balanced electron and hole mobility. Adv. Funct. Mater. 17, 3836-3842 (2007).
    • (2007) Adv. Funct. Mater. , vol.17 , pp. 3836-3842
    • Gadisa, A.1
  • 48
    • 76649101420 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A polybenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene derivative with deep HOMO level and its application in high-performance polymer solar cells
    • Huo, L. J., Hou, J. H., Zhang, S. Q., Chen, H. Y. & Yang, Y. A polybenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b']dithiophene derivative with deep HOMO level and its application in high-performance polymer solar cells. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 49, 1500-1503 (2010).
    • (2010) Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. , vol.49 , pp. 1500-1503
    • Huo, L.J.1    Hou, J.H.2    Zhang, S.Q.3    Chen, H.Y.4    Yang, Y.5
  • 49
    • 70350572328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the origin of the open-circuit voltage of polymer-fullerene solar cells
    • Vandewal, K., Tvingstedt, K., Gadisa, A., Inganas, O. & Manca, J. V. On the origin of the open-circuit voltage of polymer-fullerene solar cells. Nature Mater. 8, 904-909 (2009).
    • (2009) Nature Mater. , vol.8 , pp. 904-909
    • Vandewal, K.1    Tvingstedt, K.2    Gadisa, A.3    Inganas, O.4    Manca, J.V.5
  • 50
    • 77956948185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new class of semiconducting polymers for bulk heterojunction solar cells with exceptionally high performance
    • Liang, Y. Y. & Yu, L. P. A new class of semiconducting polymers for bulk heterojunction solar cells with exceptionally high performance. Acc. Chem. Res. 43, 1227-1236 (2010).
    • (2010) Acc. Chem. Res. , vol.43 , pp. 1227-1236
    • Liang, Y.Y.1    Yu, L.P.2
  • 51
    • 0027555287 scopus 로고
    • Alternate donor-acceptor small-band gap semiconducting polymers; polysquaraines and polycroconaines
    • DOI 10.1016/0379-6779(93)90949-W, Electronic Properties, Structure, ESR, NMR, IR and Raman Spectroscopy of Polymers
    • Havinga, E. E., Tenhoeve, W. & Wynberg, H. Alternate donor-acceptor small-band-gap semiconducting polymers -polysquaraines and polycroconaines. Synth. Met. 55, 299-306 (1993). (Pubitemid 23681823)
    • (1993) Synthetic Metals , vol.55 , Issue.1 PART 1 , pp. 299-306
    • Havinga, E.E.1    Hoeve, W.2    Wynberg, H.3
  • 52
    • 0030917591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low optical bandgap polythiophenes by an alternating donor/acceptor repeat unit strategy [16]
    • DOI 10.1021/ja9640399
    • Zhang, Q. T. & Tour, J. M. Low optical bandgap polythiophenes by an alternating donor/acceptor repeat unit strategy. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 119, 5065-5066 (1997). (Pubitemid 27272506)
    • (1997) Journal of the American Chemical Society , vol.119 , Issue.21 , pp. 5065-5066
    • Zhang, Q.T.1    Tour, J.M.2
  • 53
    • 70349629978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of new conjugated polymers with donor-pi-bridge-acceptor side chains for high performance solar cells
    • Huang, F. et al. Development of new conjugated polymers with donor-pi-bridge-acceptor side chains for high performance solar cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 131, 13886-13887 (2009).
    • (2009) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.131 , pp. 13886-13887
    • Huang, F.1
  • 54
    • 57149111918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthesis, characterization, and photovoltaic properties of a low band gap polymer based on silole-containing polythiophenes and 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole
    • Hou, J. H., Chen, H. Y., Zhang, S. Q., Li, G. & Yang, Y. Synthesis, characterization, and photovoltaic properties of a low band gap polymer based on silole-containing polythiophenes and 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130, 16144-16145 (2008).
    • (2008) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.130 , pp. 16144-16145
    • Hou, J.H.1    Chen, H.Y.2    Zhang, S.Q.3    Li, G.4    Yang, Y.5
  • 55
    • 76649137261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silicon atom substitution enhances interchain packing in a thiophene-based polymer system
    • Chen, H. Y. et al. Silicon atom substitution enhances interchain packing in a thiophene-based polymer system. Adv. Mater. 22, 371-375 (2010).
    • (2010) Adv. Mater. , vol.22 , pp. 371-375
    • Chen, H.Y.1
  • 56
    • 79955650512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indacenodithiophene and quinoxaline-based conjugated polymers for highly efficient polymer solar cells
    • Zhang, Y. et al. Indacenodithiophene and quinoxaline-based conjugated polymers for highly efficient polymer solar cells. Chem. Mater. 23, 2289-2291 (2011).
    • (2011) Chem. Mater. , vol.23 , pp. 2289-2291
    • Zhang, Y.1
  • 57
    • 79952598557 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tetrathienoanthracene-based copolymers for efficient solar cells
    • He, F. et al. Tetrathienoanthracene-based copolymers for efficient solar cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 133, 3284-3287 (2011).
    • (2011) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.133 , pp. 3284-3287
    • He, F.1
  • 58
    • 79955879712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bulk heterojunction photovoltaic active layers via bilayer interdiffusion
    • Chen, D., Liu, F., Wang, C., Nakahara, A. & Russell, T. P. Bulk heterojunction photovoltaic active layers via bilayer interdiffusion. Nano Lett. 11, 2071-2078 (2011).
    • (2011) Nano Lett. , vol.11 , pp. 2071-2078
    • Chen, D.1    Liu, F.2    Wang, C.3    Nakahara, A.4    Russell, T.P.5
  • 59
    • 77953114301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Synthetic control of structural order in N-alkylthieno[3,4-c] pyrrole-4,6-dione-based polymers for efficient solar cells
    • Piliego, C. et al. Synthetic control of structural order in N-alkylthieno[3,4-c] pyrrole-4,6-dione-based polymers for efficient solar cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132, 7595-7597 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.132 , pp. 7595-7597
    • Piliego, C.1
  • 60
    • 49449098895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fullerene bisadducts for enhanced open-circuit voltages and efficiencies in polymer solar cells
    • Lenes, M. et al. Fullerene bisadducts for enhanced open-circuit voltages and efficiencies in polymer solar cells. Adv. Mater. 20, 2116-2119 (2008).
    • (2008) Adv. Mater. , vol.20 , pp. 2116-2119
    • Lenes, M.1
  • 61
    • 84876691018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organic photovoltaic devices comparising fullerenes and derivatives thereof
    • Laird, D. W. et al. Organic photovoltaic devices comparising fullerenes and derivatives thereof. US patent 20080319207A1 (2008).
    • (2008) US Patent 20080319207A1
    • Laird, D.W.1
  • 62
    • 60749131856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endohedral fullerenes for organic photovoltaic devices
    • Ross, R. B. et al. Endohedral fullerenes for organic photovoltaic devices. Nature Mater. 8, 208-212 (2009).
    • (2009) Nature Mater. , vol.8 , pp. 208-212
    • Ross, R.B.1
  • 63
    • 75749123022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indene-C(60) bisadduct: A new acceptor for high-performance polymer solar cells
    • He, Y. J., Chen, H. Y., Hou, J. H. & Li, Y. F. Indene-C(60) bisadduct: A new acceptor for high-performance polymer solar cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132, 1377-1382 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.132 , pp. 1377-1382
    • He, Y.J.1    Chen, H.Y.2    Hou, J.H.3    Li, Y.F.4
  • 64
    • 78349243707 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 6.5% efficiency of polymer solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) and indene-C(60) bisadduct by device optimization
    • Zhao, G. J., He, Y. J. & Li, Y. F. 6.5% efficiency of polymer solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) and indene-C(60) bisadduct by device optimization. Adv. Mater. 22, 4355-4358 (2010).
    • (2010) Adv. Mater. , vol.22 , pp. 4355-4358
    • Zhao, G.J.1    He, Y.J.2    Li, Y.F.3
  • 65
    • 77954052340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Benzo[12-b:45-b'] dithiophene-dioxopyrrolothiophen copolymers for high performance solar cells
    • Zhang, G. B., Fu, Y. Y., Zhang, Q. & Xie, Z. Y. Benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b'] dithiophene-dioxopyrrolothiophen copolymers for high performance solar cells. Chem. Commun. 46, 4997-4999 (2010).
    • (2010) Chem. Commun. , vol.46 , pp. 4997-4999
    • Zhang, G.B.1    Fu, Y.Y.2    Zhang, Q.3    Xie, Z.Y.4
  • 66
    • 77951075453 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione-based copolymer for efficient solar cells
    • Zou, Y. P. et al. A thieno[3,4-c]pyrrole-4,6-dione-based copolymer for efficient solar cells. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132, 5330-5331 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.132 , pp. 5330-5331
    • Zou, Y.P.1
  • 67
    • 77951945664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient polymer solar cells based on the copolymers of benzodithiophene and thienopyrroledione
    • Zhang, Y. et al. Efficient polymer solar cells based on the copolymers of benzodithiophene and thienopyrroledione. Chem. Mater. 22, 2696-2698 (2010).
    • (2010) Chem. Mater. , vol.22 , pp. 2696-2698
    • Zhang, Y.1
  • 69
    • 33645327407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of solvent mixing on the morphology and performance of solar cells based on polyfluorene copolymer/fullerene blends
    • Zhang, F. L. et al. Influence of solvent mixing on the morphology and performance of solar cells based on polyfluorene copolymer/fullerene blends. Adv. Funct. Mater. 16, 667-674 (2006).
    • (2006) Adv. Funct. Mater. , vol.16 , pp. 667-674
    • Zhang, F.L.1
  • 70
    • 34547235593 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "Solvent annealing" effect in polymer solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) and methanofullerenes
    • DOI 10.1002/adfm.200600624
    • Li, G. et al. 'Solvent annealing' effect in polymer solar cells based on poly(3-hexylthiophene) and methanofullerenes. Adv. Funct. Mater. 17, 1636-1644 (2007). (Pubitemid 47116536)
    • (2007) Advanced Functional Materials , vol.17 , Issue.10 , pp. 1636-1644
    • Li, G.1    Yao, Y.2    Yang, H.3    Shrotriya, V.4    Yang, G.5    Yang, Y.6
  • 71
    • 33645419064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanostructure dependence of field-effect mobility in regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) thin film field effect transistors
    • Zhang, R. et al. Nanostructure dependence of field-effect mobility in regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) thin film field effect transistors. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128, 3480-3481 (2006).
    • (2006) J. Am. Chem. Soc. , vol.128 , pp. 3480-3481
    • Zhang, R.1
  • 72
    • 18144420432 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nanoscale morphology of high-performance polymer solar cells
    • Yang, X. N. et al. Nanoscale morphology of high-performance polymer solar cells. Nano Lett. 5, 579-583 (2005).
    • (2005) Nano Lett. , vol.5 , pp. 579-583
    • Yang, X.N.1
  • 73
    • 61649116467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Columnlike structure of the cross-sectional morphology of bulk heterojunction materials
    • Moon, J. S., Lee, J. K., Cho, S. N., Byun, J. Y. & Heeger, A. J. 'Columnlike' structure of the cross-sectional morphology of bulk heterojunction materials. Nano Lett. 9, 230-234 (2009).
    • (2009) Nano Lett. , vol.9 , pp. 230-234
    • Moon, J.S.1    Lee, J.K.2    Cho, S.N.3    Byun, J.Y.4    Heeger, A.J.5
  • 74
    • 9544244774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electron tomography
    • December
    • Weyland, M. & Midgley, P. A. Electron tomography. Mater. Today 7, 32-40 (December 2004).
    • (2004) Mater. Today , vol.7 , pp. 32-40
    • Weyland, M.1    Midgley, P.A.2
  • 75
    • 64149084594 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional nanoscale organization of bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells
    • van Bavel, S. S., Sourty, E., de With, G. & Loos, J. Three-dimensional nanoscale organization of bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells. Nano Lett. 9, 507-513 (2009).
    • (2009) Nano Lett. , vol.9 , pp. 507-513
    • Van Bavel, S.S.1    Sourty, E.2    De With, G.3    Loos, J.4
  • 77
    • 66549095723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vertical phase separation in poly(3-hexylthiophene): Fullerene derivative blends and its advantage for inverted structure solar cells
    • Xu, Z. et al. Vertical phase separation in poly(3-hexylthiophene): Fullerene derivative blends and its advantage for inverted structure solar cells. Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 1227-1234 (2009).
    • (2009) Adv. Funct. Mater. , vol.19 , pp. 1227-1234
    • Xu, Z.1
  • 78
    • 67649109140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substrate-dependent interface composition and charge transport in films for organic photovoltaics
    • Germack, D. S. et al. Substrate-dependent interface composition and charge transport in films for organic photovoltaics. Appl. Phys. Lett. 94, 233303 (2009).
    • (2009) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.94 , pp. 233303
    • Germack, D.S.1
  • 79
    • 77956078198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase-sensitive neutron reflectometry measurements applied in the study of photovoltaic films
    • Kiel, J. W., Mackay, M. E., Kirby, B. J., Maranville, B. B. & Majkrzak, C. F. Phase-sensitive neutron reflectometry measurements applied in the study of photovoltaic films. J. Chem. Phys. 133, 074902 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.133 , pp. 074902
    • Kiel, J.W.1    Mackay, M.E.2    Kirby, B.J.3    Maranville, B.B.4    Majkrzak, C.F.5
  • 80
    • 77953518534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depletion of PCBM at the cathode interface in P3HT/PCBM thin films as quantified via neutron reflectivity measurements
    • Parnell, A. J. et al. Depletion of PCBM at the cathode interface in P3HT/PCBM thin films as quantified via neutron reflectivity measurements. Adv. Mater. 22, 2444-2447 (2010).
    • (2010) Adv. Mater. , vol.22 , pp. 2444-2447
    • Parnell, A.J.1
  • 83
    • 77949498840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interface investigation and engineering -achieving high performance polymer photovoltaic devices
    • Chen, L. M., Xu, Z., Hong, Z. R. & Yang, Y. Interface investigation and engineering -achieving high performance polymer photovoltaic devices. J. Mater. Chem. 20, 2575-2598 (2010).
    • (2010) J. Mater. Chem. , vol.20 , pp. 2575-2598
    • Chen, L.M.1    Xu, Z.2    Hong, Z.R.3    Yang, Y.4
  • 84
    • 32944460137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transition metal oxides as the buffer layer for polymer photovoltaic cells
    • Shrotriya, V., Li, G., Yao, Y., Chu, C. W. & Yang, Y. Transition metal oxides as the buffer layer for polymer photovoltaic cells. Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 0735080 (2006).
    • (2006) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.88 , pp. 0735080
    • Shrotriya, V.1    Li, G.2    Yao, Y.3    Chu, C.W.4    Yang, Y.5
  • 86
    • 81255164347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced efficiency in plastic solar cells via energy matched solution processed NiOx interlayers
    • Steirer, K. X. et al. Enhanced efficiency in plastic solar cells via energy matched solution processed NiOx interlayers. Adv. Energy Mater. 1, 813-820 (2011).
    • (2011) Adv. Energy Mater. , vol.1 , pp. 813-820
    • Steirer, K.X.1
  • 87
    • 80052169156 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-performance and highly durable inverted organic photovoltaics embedding solution-processable vanadium oxides as an interfacial hole-transporting layer
    • Chen, C. P., Chen, Y. D. & Chuang, S. C. High-performance and highly durable inverted organic photovoltaics embedding solution-processable vanadium oxides as an interfacial hole-transporting layer. Adv. Mater. 23, 3859-3863 (2011).
    • (2011) Adv. Mater. , vol.23 , pp. 3859-3863
    • Chen, C.P.1    Chen, Y.D.2    Chuang, S.C.3
  • 88
    • 0030834751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Enhanced electron injection in organic electroluminescence devices using an Al/LiF electrode
    • Hung, L. S., Tang, C. W. & Mason, M. G. Enhanced electron injection in organic electroluminescence devices using an Al/LiF electrode. Appl. Phys. Lett. 70, 152-154 (1997). (Pubitemid 127662452)
    • (1997) Applied Physics Letters , vol.70 , Issue.2 , pp. 152-154
    • Hung, L.S.1    Tang, C.W.2    Mason, M.G.3
  • 90
    • 0031356126 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 3/cathode interface
    • PII S0379677997039933
    • Lee, C. H. Enhanced efficiency and durability of organic electroluminescent devices by inserting a thin insulating layer at the Alq3/cathode interface. Synth. Met. 91, 125-127 (1997). (Pubitemid 127365146)
    • (1997) Synthetic Metals , vol.91 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 125-127
    • Lee, C.H.1
  • 91
    • 21544464021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aluminum based cathode structure for enhanced electron injection in electroluminescent organic devices
    • DOI 10.1063/1.122367, PII S0003695198025352
    • Jabbour, G. E., Kippelen, B., Armstrong, N. R. & Peyghambarian, N. Aluminum based cathode structure for enhanced electron injection in electroluminescent organic devices. Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 1185-1187 (1998). (Pubitemid 128671794)
    • (1998) Applied Physics Letters , vol.73 , Issue.9 , pp. 1185-1187
    • Jabbour, G.E.1    Kippelen, B.2    Armstrong, N.R.3    Peyghambarian, N.4
  • 92
    • 33644878875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New architecture for high-efficiency polymer photovoltaic cells using solution-based titanium oxide as an optical spacer
    • DOI 10.1002/adma.200501825
    • Kim, J. Y. et al. New architecture for high-efficiency polymer photovoltaic cells using solution-based titanium oxide as an optical spacer. Adv. Mater. 18, 572-576 (2006). (Pubitemid 43385774)
    • (2006) Advanced Materials , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 572-576
    • Kim, J.Y.1    Kim, S.H.2    Lee, H.-H.3    Lee, K.4    Ma, W.5    Gong, X.6    Heeger, A.J.7
  • 93
    • 34548693225 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The use of ZnO as optical spacer in polymer solar cells: Theoretical and experimental study
    • Gilot, J., Barbu, I., Wienk, M. M. & Janssen, R. A. J. The use of ZnO as optical spacer in polymer solar cells: theoretical and experimental study. Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 113520 (2007).
    • (2007) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.91 , pp. 113520
    • Gilot, J.1    Barbu, I.2    Wienk, M.M.3    Janssen, R.A.J.4
  • 95
    • 66649088961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Doping of the metal oxide nanostructure and its influence in organic electronics
    • Park, M. H., Li, J. H., Kumar, A., Li, G. & Yang, Y. Doping of the metal oxide nanostructure and its influence in organic electronics. Adv. Funct. Mater. 19, 1241-1246 (2009).
    • (2009) Adv. Funct. Mater. , vol.19 , pp. 1241-1246
    • Park, M.H.1    Li, J.H.2    Kumar, A.3    Li, G.4    Yang, Y.5
  • 96
    • 54349096178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymer solar cells that use self-assembled-monolayer-modified ZnO/metals as cathodes
    • Yip, H. L., Hau, S. K., Baek, N. S., Ma, H. & Jen, A. K. Y. Polymer solar cells that use self-assembled-monolayer-modified ZnO/metals as cathodes. Adv. Mater. 20, 2376-2382 (2008).
    • (2008) Adv. Mater. , vol.20 , pp. 2376-2382
    • Yip, H.L.1    Hau, S.K.2    Baek, N.S.3    Ma, H.4    Jen, A.K.Y.5
  • 97
    • 77953884438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water/alcohol soluble conjugated polymers as highly efficient electron transporting/injection layer in optoelectronic devices
    • Huang, F., Wu, H. B. & Cao, Y. Water/alcohol soluble conjugated polymers as highly efficient electron transporting/injection layer in optoelectronic devices. Chem. Soc. Rev. 39, 2500-2521 (2010).
    • (2010) Chem. Soc. Rev. , vol.39 , pp. 2500-2521
    • Huang, F.1    Wu, H.B.2    Cao, Y.3
  • 98
    • 0037109754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vertically integrated electronic circuits via a combination of self-assembled polyelectrolytes, ink-jet printing, and electroless metal plating processes
    • DOI 10.1021/la0257889
    • Guo, T.-F., Chang, S.-C., Pyo, S. & Yang, Y. Vertically integrated electronic circuits via a combination of self-assembled polyelectrolytes, ink-jet printing, and electroless metal plating processes. Langmuir 18, 8142-8147 (2002). (Pubitemid 35383113)
    • (2002) Langmuir , vol.18 , Issue.21 , pp. 8142-8147
    • Guo, T.-F.1    Chang, S.-C.2    Pyo, S.3    Yang, Y.4
  • 99
    • 80054800390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous enhancement of open-circuit voltage, shortcircuit current density, and fill factor in polymer solar cells
    • He, Z. et al. Simultaneous enhancement of open-circuit voltage, shortcircuit current density, and fill factor in polymer solar cells. Adv. Mater. 23, 4636-4643 (2011).
    • (2011) Adv. Mater. , vol.23 , pp. 4636-4643
    • He, Z.1
  • 100
    • 60449087889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fabrication and processing of polymer solar cells: A review of printing and coating techniques
    • Krebs, F. C. Fabrication and processing of polymer solar cells: A review of printing and coating techniques. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. C. 93, 394-412 (2009).
    • (2009) Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. C. , vol.93 , pp. 394-412
    • Krebs, F.C.1
  • 102
    • 43049134791 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Highly efficient inverted polymer solar cell by low temperature annealing of Cs2CO3 interlayer
    • Liao, H. H., Chen, L. M., Xu, Z., Li, G. & Yang, Y. Highly efficient inverted polymer solar cell by low temperature annealing of Cs2CO3 interlayer. Appl. Phys. Lett. 92, 173303 (2008).
    • (2008) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.92 , pp. 173303
    • Liao, H.H.1    Chen, L.M.2    Xu, Z.3    Li, G.4    Yang, Y.5
  • 103
    • 33749493587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inverted bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaic device using a solutionderived ZnO underlayer
    • White, M. S., Olson, D. C., Shaheen, S. E., Kopidakis, N. & Ginley, D. S. Inverted bulk-heterojunction organic photovoltaic device using a solutionderived ZnO underlayer. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 143517 (2006).
    • (2006) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.89 , pp. 143517
    • White, M.S.1    Olson, D.C.2    Shaheen, S.E.3    Kopidakis, N.4    Ginley, D.S.5
  • 104
    • 33845453438 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Highly efficient inverted organic photovoltaics using solution based titanium oxide as electron selective contact
    • Waldauf, C. et al. Highly efficient inverted organic photovoltaics using solution based titanium oxide as electron selective contact. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 233517 (2006).
    • (2006) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.89 , pp. 233517
    • Waldauf, C.1
  • 106
    • 71849118958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ZnO nano-ridge structure and its application in inverted polymer solar cell
    • Sekine, N., Chou, C. H., Kwan, W. L. & Yang, Y. ZnO nano-ridge structure and its application in inverted polymer solar cell. Org. Electron. 10, 1473-1477 (2009).
    • (2009) Org. Electron. , vol.10 , pp. 1473-1477
    • Sekine, N.1    Chou, C.H.2    Kwan, W.L.3    Yang, Y.4
  • 107
    • 77955907882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solutionprocessable graphene oxide as an efficient hole transport layer in polymer solar cells
    • Li, S. S., Tu, K. H., Lin, C. C., Chen, C. W. & Chhowalla, M. Solutionprocessable graphene oxide as an efficient hole transport layer in polymer solar cells. ACS Nano 4, 3169-3174 (2010).
    • (2010) ACS Nano , vol.4 , pp. 3169-3174
    • Li, S.S.1    Tu, K.H.2    Lin, C.C.3    Chen, C.W.4    Chhowalla, M.5
  • 108
    • 34247868155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 40% efficient metamorphic GaInP/GaInAs/Ge multijunction solar cells
    • King, R. R. et al. 40% efficient metamorphic GaInP/GaInAs/Ge multijunction solar cells. Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 183516 (2007).
    • (2007) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.90 , pp. 183516
    • King, R.R.1
  • 109
    • 34047249929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Double and triple junction polymer solar cells processed from solution
    • Gilot, J., Wienk, M. M. & Janssen, R. A. J. Double and triple junction polymer solar cells processed from solution. Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 143512 (2007).
    • (2007) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.90 , pp. 143512
    • Gilot, J.1    Wienk, M.M.2    Janssen, R.A.J.3
  • 110
    • 34447504948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficient tandem polymer solar cells fabricated by all-solution processing
    • Kim, J. Y. et al. Efficient tandem polymer solar cells fabricated by all-solution processing. Science 317, 222-225 (2007).
    • (2007) Science , vol.317 , pp. 222-225
    • Kim, J.Y.1
  • 111
    • 76649134832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Highly efficient tandem polymer photovoltaic cells
    • Sista, S. et al. Highly efficient tandem polymer photovoltaic cells. Adv. Mater. 22, 380-383 (2010).
    • (2010) Adv. Mater. , vol.22 , pp. 380-383
    • Sista, S.1
  • 113
    • 80053176881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polarizing organic photovoltaics
    • Zhu, R., Kumar, A. & Yang, Y. Polarizing organic photovoltaics. Adv. Mater. 23, 4193-4198 (2011).
    • (2011) Adv. Mater. , vol.23 , pp. 4193-4198
    • Zhu, R.1    Kumar, A.2    Yang, Y.3
  • 114
    • 80053296448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photonic color filters integrated with organic solar cells for energy harvesting
    • Park, H. J., Xu, T., Lee, J. Y., Ledbetter, A. & Guo, L. J. Photonic color filters integrated with organic solar cells for energy harvesting. ACS Nano 5, 7055-7060 (2011).
    • (2011) ACS Nano , vol.5 , pp. 7055-7060
    • Park, H.J.1    Xu, T.2    Lee, J.Y.3    Ledbetter, A.4    Guo, L.J.5
  • 115
    • 84876667417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • www.nrel.gov/ncpv/images/efficiency-chart.jpg118
  • 116
    • 80052353302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High efficiency polymer solar cells with long operating lifetimes
    • Peters, C. H. et al. High efficiency polymer solar cells with long operating lifetimes. Adv. Energy Mater. 1, 491-494 (2011)
    • (2011) Adv. Energy Mater. , vol.1 , pp. 491-494
    • Peters, C.H.1
  • 117
    • 84862776807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tandem polymer solar cells featuring a spectrally matched lowbandgap polymer
    • Dou, L. et al. Tandem polymer solar cells featuring a spectrally matched lowbandgap polymer. Nature Photon. 6, 180-185 (2012).
    • (2012) Nature Photon. , vol.6 , pp. 180-185


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.