Three-dimensional nanoscale organization of bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells

Nano Letters

Volumn 9, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 507-513

  Van Bavel, Svetlana S ^a,b   Sourty, Erwan ^a,c   De With, Gijsbertus ^a   Loos, Joachim ^a,b  

^a EINDHOVEN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (Netherlands)

^b DUTCH POLYMER INSTITUTE DPI   (Netherlands)

^c Thermo Fisher Scientific   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANNEALING TREATMENTS; BULK HETEROJUNCTIONS; CONCENTRATION GRADIENTS; CRYSTALLINE ORDERS; ELECTRON TOMOGRAPHIES; ELEVATED TEMPERATURES; EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCES; METHANOFULLERENE; MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES; NANO-SCALE ORGANIZATIONS; NANOMETER RESOLUTIONS; NANOSCALE NETWORKS; PHOTOACTIVE LAYERS; POLY-3-HEXYLTHIOPHENE; POLYMER SOLAR CELLS; POWER CONVERSION EFFICIENCIES; SOLVENT EVAPORATIONS; THREE-DIMENSIONAL (3D);

CONVERSION EFFICIENCY; DIAGNOSTIC RADIOGRAPHY; ELECTRIC IMPEDANCE TOMOGRAPHY; HETEROJUNCTIONS; NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS; PHOTOVOLTAIC CELLS; SOLAR CELLS; THREE DIMENSIONAL;

SOLAR ENERGY;

EID: 64149084594     PISSN: 15306984     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/n18014022     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Mayer, A. C.; Scully, S. R.; Hardin, B. E.; Rowell, M. W.; McGehee, M. D. Mater. Today 2007, 10, 28-33.
2. Yu, G.; Gao, J.; Hummelen, J. C.; Wudl, F.; Heeger, A. J. Science 1995, 270, 1789-1791.
3. Coakley, K. M.; McGehee, M. D. Chem. Mater. 2004, 16, 4533-4542.
4. Brabec, J. Sol. Energy Mater. Sol. Cells 2004, 83, 273-292.
5. Sariciftci, N. S.; Smilowitz, L.; Heeger, A. J.; Wudl, F. Science 1992, 258, 1474-1476.
6. Haugeneder, A. Phys. Rev. B 1999, 59, 15346-15351.
7. Halls, J. J. M. Nature 1995, 376, 498-500.
8. Shaheen, S. E. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2001, 78, 841-843.
9. Schilinsky, P.; Waldauf, C.; Brabec, C. J. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2002, 81, 3885-3887.
10. Padinger, F.; Rittberger, R. S.; Sariciftci, N. S. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2003, 13, 85-88.
11. Huynh, W. U.; Dittmer, J. J.; Alivisatos, A. P. Science 2002, 295, 2425-2427.
12. Sininghaus, H.Nature 1999, 401, 685-688.
13. Kim, Y. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2005, 86, 063502.
14. Van Duren, J. K. J.; et al. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2004, 14, 425-434.
15. Yang, X.; et al. Nano Lett. 2005, 5, 579-583.
16. Li, G.; et al. Nat. Mater. 2005, 4, 864-868.
17. Hoppe, H.; Sariciftci, N. S. J. Mater. Chem. 2006, 16, 45-61.
18. Yang, X.; Loos, J. Macromolecules 2007, 40, 1353-1362.
19. Peet, J. Nat. Mater. 2007, 6, 497-500.
20. Ma, W.; Yang, C.; Gong, X.; Lee, K.; Heeger, A. J. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2005, 15, 1617-1622.
21. Reyes-Reyes, M.; Kim, K.; Carroll, D. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2005, 87, 083506.
22. Jinnai, H.; Nishikawa, Y.; Ikehara, T.; Nishi, T. Adv. Polym. Sci. 2004, 170, 115-167.
23. Mihailetchi, V. D. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2006, 16, 699-708.
24. Chirvase, D.; Parisi, J.; Hummelen, J. C.; Dyakonov, V. Nanotechnology 2004, 15, 1317-1323.
25. Ihn, K. J.; Moulton, J.; Smith, P. J. Polym. Sci. Part B: Polym. Phys. 1993, 31, 735-742.
26. Yang, X. Adv. Mater. 2004, 16, 802-806.
27. Weyland, M.; Midgley, P. A. Mater. Today 2004, 7, 32-40.
28. Spontak, R. J.; Fung, J. C.; Braunfeild, M. B.; Sedat, J. W.; Agard, D. A.; Kane, L.; Smith, S. D.; Satkowski, M. M.; Ashraf, A.; Hajduk, D. A.; Gruner, S. M. Macromolecules 1996, 29, 4494-4507.
29. Lucic, V.; Foerster, F.; Baumeister, W. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 2005, 74, 833.
30. Yamauchi, K.; Takahashi, K.; Hasegawa, H.; Iatrou, H.; Hadjichristidis, N.; Kaneko, T.; Nishikawa, Y.; Jinnai, H.; Matsui, T.; Nishioka, H.; Shimizu, M.; Furukawa, H. Macromolecules 2003, 36, 6962.
31. Ikeda, Y.; Katoh, A.; Shimanuki, J.; Kohjiya, S. Macromol. Rapid Commun. 2004, 25, 1186.