Minocycline: Therapeutic potential in psychiatry

CNS Drugs

Volumn 26, Issue 5, 2012, Pages 391-401

  Dean, Olivia M ^a,b,c   Data Franco, Joo ^b,d   Giorlando, Francesco ^c   Berk, Michael ^a,b,c,e  

^a DEAKIN UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b FLOREY INSTITUTE OF NEUROSCIENCE AND MENTAL HEALTH   (Australia)

^c UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE   (Australia)

^d HOSPITAL DE SANTA MARIA   (Portugal)

^e THE NATIONAL CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE IN YOUTH MENTAL HEALTH   (Australia)

Author keywords

Antibacterials; Bipolar depression; Minocycline; Nerve growth factors; Obsessive compulsive disorders; Psychiatric disorders; Schizophrenia; Smoking withdrawal

Indexed keywords

CLOZAPINE; CYCLIC GMP DEPENDENT PROTEIN KINASE; CYCLOOXYGENASE 2; DESIPRAMINE; GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; HALOPERIDOL; HYDROGEN PEROXIDE; INTERLEUKIN 1BETA; MINOCYCLINE; NEUROTROPHIN; OLANZAPINE; PLACEBO; PROSTAGLANDIN E SYNTHASE 1; PROSTAGLANDIN E2; PROSTAGLANDIN F2 ALPHA; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; SPHINGOMYELIN PHOSPHODIESTERASE; SURVIVIN; THIOREDOXIN 1; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA2;

ANTIINFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY; ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; APOPTOSIS; ARTICLE; EXCITOTOXICITY; FOLLOW UP; HAMILTON SCALE; IN VITRO STUDY; MOOD DISORDER; NEUROPROTECTION; OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; POSITIVE SYNDROME; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; PSYCHIATRY; PSYCHOPHARMACOTHERAPY; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SURVIVAL; TOBACCO DEPENDENCE;

ANIMALS; ANTI-BACTERIAL AGENTS; DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS; GLUTAMIC ACID; HUMANS; INFLAMMATION; MENTAL DISORDERS; MINOCYCLINE; NERVE GROWTH FACTORS; OXIDATIVE STRESS;

EID: 84859971485     PISSN: 11727047     EISSN: 11791934     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/11632000-000000000-00000     Document Type: Article

References (96)

1. Kim HS, Suh YH. Minocycline and neurodegenerative diseases. Behav Brain Res 2009;196: 168-79
2. Pae CU, Marks DM, Han C, et al. Does minocycline have antidepressant effect? Biomed Pharmacother 2008;62: 308-11 (Pubitemid 351749775)
3. Halliwell B. Oxidative stress and neurodegeneration: where are we now? J Neurochem 2006;97: 1634-58 (Pubitemid 43873658)
4. Maes M, De Vos N, Pioli R, et al. Lower serum vitamin E concentrations in major depression: another marker of lowered antioxidant defenses in that illness. J Affect Disord 2000;58: 241-6 (Pubitemid 30232781)
5. Bilici M, Efe H, Koroglu MA, et al. Antioxidative enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in major depression: alterations by antidepressant treatments. J Affect Disord 2001;64: 43-51 (Pubitemid 32268670)
6. Selley ML. Increased (E)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and asymmetric dimethylarginine concentrations and decreased nitric oxide concentrations in the plasma of patients with major depression. J Affect Disord 2004;80: 249-56 (Pubitemid 38597148)
7. Castro AA, Moretti M, Casagrande TS, et al. Neuropeptide S produces hyperlocomotion and prevents oxidative stress damage in the mouse brain: a comparative study with amphetamine and diazepam. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2009;91 (4): 636-42
8. Bitanihirwe BK,Woo TU.Oxidative stress in schizophrenia: an integrated approach.Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2011;35: 878-93
9. Villagonzalo KA, Dodd S, Dean O, et al. Oxidative pathways as a drug target for the treatment of autism. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2010;14: 1301-10
10. Tata DA, Yamamoto BK. Interactions between methamphetamine and environmental stress: role of oxidative stress, glutamate and mitochondrial dysfunction. Addiction 2007;102 Suppl. 1: 49-60 (Pubitemid 46328208)
11. Suzuki K, Kusumi I, Sasaki Y, et al. Serotonin-induced platelet intracellular calcium mobilization in various psychiatric disorders: is it specific to bipolar disorder? J Affect Disord 2001;64: 291-6 (Pubitemid 32324224)
12. Dhir A, Kulkarni SK. Involvement of nitric oxide (NO) signaling pathway in the antidepressant action of bupropion, a dopamine reuptake inhibitor. Eur J Pharmacol 2007;568: 177-85 (Pubitemid 46976903)
13. Kumar A, Garg R, Gaur V, et al. Nitric oxide modulation in protective role of antidepressants against chronic fatigue syndrome in mice. Indian J Pharmacol 2011;43: 324-9
14. Hashimoto K. The role of glutamate on the action of antidepressants. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2011;35 (7): 1558-68
15. Berk M, Kapczinski F, Andreazza AC, et al. Pathways underlying neuroprogression in bipolar disorder: focus on inflammation, oxidative stress and neurotrophic factors. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2011;35: 804-17
16. Luykx JJ, Laban KG, van den Heuvel MP, et al. Region and state specific glutamate downregulation in major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis of (1)H-MRS findings. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2012 Jan;36 (1): 198-205
17. Carlsson A. The neurochemical circuitry of schizophrenia. Pharmacopsychiatry 2006;39 Suppl. 1: S10-4 (Pubitemid 43357100)
18. Kalivas PW, Lalumiere RT, Knackstedt L, et al. Glutamate transmission in addiction. Neuropharmacology 2009;56 Suppl. 1: 169-73
19. Berk M, Plein H, Belsham B. The specificity of platelet glutamate receptor supersensitivity in psychotic disorders. Life Sci 2000;66: 2427-32 (Pubitemid 30314186)
20. Berk M, Plein H, Ferreira D. Platelet glutamate receptor supersensitivity in major depressive disorder. Clin Neuropharmacol 2001;24: 129-32 (Pubitemid 32549986)
21. Liu Y, Ho RC, Mak A. Interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and soluble interleukin-2 receptors (sIL-2R) are elevated in patients with major depressive disorder: a meta-analysis and meta-regression. J Affect Disord. Epub 2011 Aug 25
22. Dowlati Y, Herrmann N, Swardfager W, et al. A metaanalysis of cytokines in major depression. Biol Psychiatry 2010;67: 446-57
23. Maes M, Yirmyia R, Noraberg J, et al. The inflammatory and neurodegenerative (I&ND) hypothesis of depression: leads for future research and new drug developments in depression. Metab Brain Dis 2009;24: 27-53
24. Wadee AA, Kuschke RH, Wood LA, et al. Serological observations in patients suffering from acute manic episodes. Hum Psychopharmacol 2002;17: 175-9 (Pubitemid 34678878)
25. Potvin S, Stip E, Sepehry AA, et al. Inflammatory cytokine alterations in schizophrenia: a systematic quantitative review. Biol Psychiatry 2008;63: 801-8 (Pubitemid 351410515)
26. Goncalves J, Martins T, Ferreira R, et al. Methamphetamine-induced early increase of IL-6 and TNF-alpha mRNA expression in the mouse brain. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2008;1139: 103-11
27. Goncalves J, Baptista S,Martins T, et al.Methamphetamineinduced neuroinflammation and neuronal dysfunction in the mice hippocampus: preventive effect of indomethacin. Eur J Neurosci 2010;31: 315-26
28. Maeng S, Hunsberger JG, Pearson B, et al. BAG1 plays a critical role in regulating recovery from both manic-like and depression-like behavioral impairments. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008;105: 8766-71 (Pubitemid 351987754)
29. Jarskog LF, Gilmore JH, Selinger ES, et al. Cortical bcl-2 protein expression and apoptotic regulation in schizophrenia. Biol Psychiatry 2000;48: 641-50
30. Bocchio-Chiavetto L, Bagnardi V, Zanardini R, et al. Serum and plasma BDNF levels in major depression: a replication study and meta-analyses. World J Biol Psychiatry 2010;11: 763-73
31. Ikeda Y, Yahata N, Ito I, et al. Low serum levels of brainderived neurotrophic factor and epidermal growth factor in patients with chronic schizophrenia. Schizophr Res 2008;101: 58-66
32. Rakofsky JJ, Ressler KJ, Dunlop BW. BDNF function as a potential mediator of bipolar disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder comorbidity. Mol Psychiatry 2012 Jan;17 (1): 22-35
33. Ekdahl CT, Claasen JH, Bonde S, et al. Inflammation is detrimental for neurogenesis in adult brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2003;100: 13632-7 (Pubitemid 37444791)
34. Perera TD, Coplan JD, Lisanby SH, et al. Antidepressantinduced neurogenesis in the hippocampus of adult nonhuman primates. J Neurosci 2007;27: 4894-901 (Pubitemid 46699055)
35. Goshen I, Kreisel T, Ben-Menachem-Zidon O, et al. Brain interleukin-1 mediates chronic stress-induced depression in mice via adrenocortical activation and hippocampal neurogenesis suppression. Mol Psychiatry 2008;13: 717-28 (Pubitemid 351861529)
36. Ng F, Berk M, Dean O, et al. Oxidative stress in psychiatric disorders: evidence base and therapeutic implications. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2008;11: 851-76
37. Leite LM, Carvalho AG, Ferreira PL, et al. Antiinflammatory properties of doxycycline and minocycline in experimental models: an in vivo and in vitro comparative study. Inflammopharmacology 2011;19: 99-110
38. Garcia-Martinez EM, Sanz-Blasco S, Karachitos A, et al. Mitochondria and calcium flux as targets of neuroprotection caused by minocycline in cerebellar granule cells. Biochem Pharmacol 2010;79: 239-50
39. Ahuja M, Bishnoi M, Chopra K. Protective effect of minocycline, a semi-synthetic second-generation tetracycline against 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP)-induced neurotoxicity. Toxicology 2008;244: 111-22
40. Kernt M, Neubauer AS, Eibl KH, et al. Minocycline is cytoprotective in human trabecular meshwork cells and optic nerve head astrocytes by increasing expression of XIAP, survivin, and Bcl-2. Clin Ophthalmol 2010;4: 591-604
41. Morimoto N, Shimazawa M, Yamashima T, et al. Minocycline inhibits oxidative stress and decreases in vitro and in vivo ischemic neuronal damage. Brain Res 2005;1044: 8-15 (Pubitemid 40616047)
42. Homsi S, Federico F, Croci N, et al. Minocycline effects on cerebral edema: relations with inflammatory and oxidative stress markers following traumatic brain injury in mice. Brain Res 2009;1291: 122-32
43. Miyaoka T, Yasukawa R, Yasuda H, et al. Possible antipsychotic effects of minocycline in patients with schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2007;31: 304-7 (Pubitemid 44959270)
44. Schildknecht S, Pape R, Muller N, et al. Neuroprotection by minocycline caused by direct and specific scavenging of peroxynitrite. J Biol Chem 2010;286: 4991-5002
45. Pabreja K, Dua K, Sharma S, et al. Minocycline attenuates the development of diabetic neuropathic pain: possible anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant mechanisms. Eur J Pharmacol 2011;661: 15-21
46. Kim SS, Kong PJ, Kim BS, et al. Inhibitory action of minocycline on lipopolysaccharide-induced release of nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 in BV2 microglial cells. Arch Pharm Res 2004;27: 314-8
47. Kim BJ, Kim MJ, Park JM, et al. Reduced neurogenesis after suppressed inflammation by minocycline in transient cerebral ischemia in rat. J Neurol Sci 2009;279: 70-5
48. Bian Q, Kato T, Monji A, et al. The effect of atypical antipsychotics, perospirone, ziprasidone and quetiapine on microglial activation induced by interferon-gamma. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2008;32: 42-8
49. Chang Y, Lee JJ, Hsieh CY, et al. Inhibitory effects of ketamine on lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial activation. Mediators Inflamm 2009;2009: 705379
50. Miyaoka T, Yasukawa R, Yasuda H, et al. Minocycline as adjunctive therapy for schizophrenia: an open-label study. Clin Neuropharmacol 2008;31: 287-92
51. Orio L, Llopis N, Torres E, et al. A study on the mechanisms by which minocycline protects against MDMA ('ecstasy')-induced neurotoxicity of 5-HT cortical neurons. Neurotox Res 2010;18: 187-99
52. Levkovitz Y, Mendlovich S, Riwkes S, et al. A double-blind, randomized study of minocycline for the treatment of negative and cognitive symptoms in early-phase schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry 2010;71: 138-49
53. Silva Bastos LF, Pinheiro de Oliveira AC, Magnus Schlachetzki JC, et al. Minocycline reduces prostaglandin E synthase expression and 8-isoprostane formation in LPSactivated primary rat microglia. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2011;33: 576-80
54. Yang D, Liu X, Zhang R, et al. Increased apoptosis and different regulation of pro-apoptosis protein bax and antiapoptosis protein bcl-2 in the olfactory bulb of a rat model of depression. Neurosci Lett 2011;504: 18-22
55. Garner SE, Eady EA, Popescu C, et al. Minocycline for acne vulgaris: efficacy and safety. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;(1): CD002086
56. Tang CM, Hwang CS, Chen SD, et al. Neuroprotective mechanisms of minocycline against sphingomyelinase/ceramide toxicity: roles of Bcl-2 and thioredoxin. Free Radic Biol Med 2011;50: 710-21
57. Homsi S, Piaggio T, Croci N, et al. Blockade of acute microglial activation by minocycline promotes neuroprotection and reduces locomotor hyperactivity after closed head injury in mice: a twelve-week follow-up study. J Neurotrauma 2010;27: 911-21
58. Investigators TNN-P. A pilot clinical trial of creatine and minocycline in early Parkinson disease: 18-month results. Clin Neuropharmacol 2008;31: 141-50
59. Liu Z, Fan Y, Won SJ, et al. Chronic treatment with minocycline preserves adult new neurons and reduces functional impairment after focal cerebral ischemia. Stroke 2007;38: 146-52 (Pubitemid 46035620)
60. Shilling PD, Kuczenski R, Segal DS, et al. Differential regulation of immediate-early gene expression in the prefrontal cortex of rats with a high vs low behavioral response to methamphetamine. Neuropsychopharmacology 2006;31: 2359-67 (Pubitemid 44607052)
61. Zhu S, Stavrovskaya IG, Drozda M, et al. Minocycline inhibits cytochrome c release and delays progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in mice. Nature 2002;417: 74-8 (Pubitemid 34498818)
62. Chen M, Ona VO, Li M, et al. Minocycline inhibits caspase-1 and caspase-3 expression and delays mortality in a transgenic mouse model of Huntington disease. Nat Med 2000;6: 797-801 (Pubitemid 30469429)
63. Goulden V, Glass D, Cunliffe WJ. Safety of long-term highdose minocycline in the treatment of acne. Br J Dermatol 1996;134: 693-5 (Pubitemid 26120737)
64. Zhang X, Xu Y, Wang J, et al. The effect of intrathecal administration of glial activation inhibitors on dorsal horn BDNF overexpression and hind paw mechanical allodynia in spinal nerve ligated rats. J Neural Transm. Epub 2011 Sep 7
65. Morgado C, Pereira-Terra P, Cruz CD, et al. Minocycline completely reverses mechanical hyperalgesia in diabetic rats through microglia-induced changes in the expression of the potassium chloride co-transporter 2 (KCC2) at the spinal cord. Diabetes Obes Metab 2011;13: 150-9
66. Zhong J, Lee WH. Hydrogen peroxide attenuates insulinlike growth factor-1 neuroprotective effect, prevented by minocycline. Neurochem Int 2007;51: 398-404 (Pubitemid 47503461)
67. Stirling DP, Koochesfahani KM, Steeves JD, et al. Minocycline as a neuroprotective agent. Neuroscientist 2005;11: 308-22 (Pubitemid 41040860)
68. Kraus RL, Pasieczny R, Lariosa-Willingham K, et al. Antioxidant properties of minocycline: neuroprotection in an oxidative stress assay and direct radical-scavenging activity. J Neurochem 2005;94: 819-27 (Pubitemid 41098513)
69. Plein H, Berk M. The platelet as a peripheral marker in psychiatric illness. Hum Psychopharmacol 2001;16: 229-36 (Pubitemid 32421889)
70. Nie H, Zhang H, Weng HR. Minocycline prevents impaired glial glutamate uptake in the spinal sensory synapses of neuropathic rats. Neuroscience 2010;170: 901-12
71. Molina-Hernandez M, Tellez-Alcantara NP, Perez-Garcia J, et al. Desipramine or glutamate antagonists synergized the antidepressant-like actions of intra-nucleus accumbens infusions of minocycline in male Wistar rats. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2008;32: 1660-6
72. Deak T, Bellamy C, D'Agostino LG, et al. Behavioral responses during the forced swim test are not affected by anti-inflammatory agents or acute illness induced by lipopolysaccharide. Behav Brain Res 2005;160: 125-34
73. Watanabe T, Sagisaka H, Arakawa S, et al. A novel model of continuous depletion of glutathione in mice treated with L-buthionine (S,R)-sulfoximine. J Toxicol Sci 2003;28: 455-69 (Pubitemid 38133224)
74. Fujita Y, Ishima T, Kunitachi S, et al. Phencyclidineinduced cognitive deficits in mice are improved by subsequent subchronic administration of the antibiotic drug minocycline. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2008;32: 336-9 (Pubitemid 351178944)
75. Chen H, Uz T, Manev H. Minocycline affects cocaine sensitization in mice. Neurosci Lett 2009;452: 258-61
76. Zhang L, Kitaichi K, Fujimoto Y, et al. Protective effects of minocycline on behavioral changes and neurotoxicity in mice after administration of methamphetamine. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2006;30: 1381-93 (Pubitemid 44634942)
77. Zhang L, Shirayama Y, Iyo M, et al. Minocycline attenuates hyperlocomotion and prepulse inhibition deficits in mice after administration of the NMDA receptor antagonist dizocilpine. Neuropsychopharmacology 2007;32: 2004-10 (Pubitemid 47258509)
78. Kelly DL, Vyas G, Richardson CM, et al. Adjunct minocycline to clozapine treated patients with persistent schizophrenia symptoms. Schizophr Res. Epub 2011 Aug 25
79. Levine J, Cholestoy A, Zimmerman J. Possible antidepressant effect of minocycline. Am J Psychiatry 1996;153: 582
80. Chaves C, de Marque CR, Wichert-Ana L, et al. Functional neuroimaging of minocycline's effect in a patient with schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2010;34: 550-2
81. Tanibuchi Y, Shimagami M, Fukami G, et al. A case of methamphetamine use disorder treated with the antibiotic drug minocycline. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2009;32 (5): 559.e1-3
82. Rodriguez CI, Bender Jr J, Marcus SM, et al. Minocycline augmentation of pharmacotherapy in obsessive-compulsive disorder: an open-label trial. J Clin Psychiatry 2010;71: 1247-9
83. Sofuoglu M, Waters AJ, Mooney M, et al. Minocycline reduced craving for cigarettes but did not affect smoking or intravenous nicotine responses in humans. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2009;92: 135-40
84. West R, Zatonski W, Cedzynska M, et al. Placebo-controlled trial of cytisine for smoking cessation. New Engl J Med 2011;365: 1193-200
85. Sofuoglu M, Mooney M, Kosten T, et al. Minocycline attenuates subjective rewarding effects of dextroamphetamine in humans. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2011;213: 61-8
86. Khanzode SD, Dakhale GN, Khanzode SS, et al. Oxidative damage and major depression: the potential antioxidant action of selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors. Redox Rep 2003;8: 365-70 (Pubitemid 38128544)
87. Kotan VO, Sarandol E, Kirhan E, et al. Effects of long-term antidepressant treatment on oxidative status in major depressive disorder: a 24-week follow-up study. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2011;35: 1284-90
88. Nishida A, Hisaoka K, Zensho H, et al. Antidepressant drugs and cytokines in mood disorders. Int Immunopharmacol 2002;2: 1619-26 (Pubitemid 35284601)
89. Castren E, Rantamaki T. The role of BDNF and its receptors in depression and antidepressant drug action: reactivation of developmental plasticity. Dev Neurobiol 2010;70: 289-97
90. Otsuki K, Uchida S, Watanuki T, et al. Altered expression of neurotrophic factors in patients with major depression. J Psychiatr Res 2008;42: 1145-53
91. Lepping P, Delieu J, Mellor R, et al. Antipsychotic medication and oxidative cell stress: a systematic review. J Clin Psychiatry 2011;72: 273-85
92. Magalhaes PV, Dean OM, Bush AI, et al. Dimensions of improvement in a clinical trial of n-acetyl cysteine for bipolar disorder. Acta Neuropsychiatrica 2011;23: 87-8
93. Camfield DA, Sarris J, Berk M. Nutraceuticals in the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD): a review of mechanistic and clinical evidence. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2011;35: 887-95
94. Sarris J, Camfield D, Berk M. Complementary medicine, self-help, and lifestyle interventions for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) and the OCD spectrum: a systematic review. J Affect Disord. Epub 2011 May 25
95. Dean O, Giorlando F, Berk M. N-acetylcysteine in psychiatry: current therapeutic evidence and potential mechanisms of action. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2010;36: 78-86
96. Berthold-Losleben M, Heitmann S, Himmerich H. Antiinflammatory drugs in psychiatry. Inflamm Allergy Drug Targets 2009;8: 266-76