Regulation of microRNA expression and function by nuclear receptor signaling

Cell and Bioscience

Volumn 1, Issue 1, 2011, Pages

  Yang, Zhihong ^a   Wang, Li ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF UTAH   (United States)

Author keywords

Gene regulation; MiRNAs; Nuclear receptors

Indexed keywords

EID: 84859926926     PISSN: None     EISSN: 20453701     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1186/2045-3701-1-31     Document Type: Review

References (153)

1. Liu N, Olson EN. MicroRNA regulatory networks in cardiovascular development. Dev Cell 2010, 18:510-525. 10.1016/j.devcel.2010.03.010, 2922691, 20412767.
2. Belver L, Papavasiliou FN, Ramiro AR. MicroRNA control of lymphocyte differentiation and function. Curr Opin Immunol 2011, 23:368-373. 10.1016/j.coi.2011.02.001, 21353514.
3. Megraw M, Baev V, Rusinov V, Jensen ST, Kalantidis K, Hatzigeorgiou AG. MicroRNA promoter element discovery in Arabidopsis. RNA 2006, 12:1612-1619. 10.1261/rna.130506, 1557699, 16888323.
4. Krol J, Loedige I, Filipowicz W. The widespread regulation of microRNA biogenesis, function and decay. Nat Rev Genet 2010, 11:597-610.
5. Davis BN, Hata A. microRNA in Cancer---The involvement of aberrant microRNA biogenesis regulatory pathways. Genes Cancer 2010, 1:1100-1114. 10.1177/1947601910396213, 3083114,3083114, 21533017.
6. Breving K, Esquela-Kerscher A. The complexities of microRNA regulation: mirandering around the rules. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2010, 42:1316-1329. 10.1016/j.biocel.2009.09.016, 19800023.
7. Ozsolak F, Poling LL, Wang Z, Liu H, Liu XS, Roeder RG, Zhang X, Song JS, Fisher DE. Chromatin structure analyses identify miRNA promoters. Genes Dev 2008, 22:3172-3183. 10.1101/gad.1706508, 2593607, 19056895.
8. Bartel DP. MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function. Cell 2004, 116:281-297. 10.1016/S0092-8674(04)00045-5, 14744438.
9. Lee RC, Feinbaum RL, Ambros V. The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14. Cell 1993, 75:843-854. 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90529-Y, 8252621.
10. Wightman B, Ha I, Ruvkun G. Posttranscriptional regulation of the heterochronic gene lin-14 by lin-4 mediates temporal pattern formation in C. elegans. Cell 1993, 75:855-862. 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90530-4, 8252622.
11. Kim VN, Nam JW. Genomics of microRNA. Trends Genet 2006, 22:165-173. 10.1016/j.tig.2006.01.003, 16446010.
12. Stefani G, Slack FJ. Small non-coding RNAs in animal development. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2008, 9:219-230. 10.1038/nrm2347, 18270516.
13. Xiong H, Qian J, He T, Li F. Independent transcription of miR-281 in the intron of ODA in Drosophila melanogaster. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2009, 378:883-889. 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.12.010, 19073139.
14. Berezikov E, Chung WJ, Willis J, Cuppen E, Lai EC. Mammalian mirtron genes. Mol Cell 2007, 28:328-336. 10.1016/j.molcel.2007.09.028, 2763384, 17964270.
15. Okamura K, Hagen JW, Duan H, Tyler DM, Lai EC. The mirtron pathway generates microRNA-class regulatory RNAs in Drosophila. Cell 2007, 130:89-100. 10.1016/j.cell.2007.06.028, 2729315, 17599402.
16. Ruby JG, Jan CH, Bartel DP. Intronic microRNA precursors that bypass Drosha processing. Nature 2007, 448:83-86. 10.1038/nature05983, 2475599, 17589500.
17. Lima RT, Busacca S, Almeida GM, Gaudino G, Fennell DA, Vasconcelos MH. MicroRNA regulation of core apoptosis pathways in cancer. Eur J Cancer 2011, 47:163-174. 10.1016/j.ejca.2010.11.005, 21145728.
18. Garzon R, Marcucci G, Croce CM. Targeting microRNAs in cancer: rationale, strategies and challenges. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2010, 9:775-789. 10.1038/nrd3179, 20885409.
19. Bartel DP. MicroRNAs: target recognition and regulatory functions. Cell 2009, 136:215-233. 10.1016/j.cell.2009.01.002, 19167326.
20. Liu J. Control of protein synthesis and mRNA degradation by microRNAs. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2008, 20:214-221. 10.1016/j.ceb.2008.01.006, 18329869.
21. Orom UA, Nielsen FC, Lund AH. MicroRNA-10a binds the 5'UTR of ribosomal protein mRNAs and enhances their translation. Mol Cell 2008, 30:460-471. 10.1016/j.molcel.2008.05.001, 18498749.
22. Eiring AM, Harb JG, Neviani P, Garton C, Oaks JJ, Spizzo R, Liu S, Schwind S, Santhanam R, Hickey CJ, et al. miR-328 functions as an RNA decoy to modulate hnRNP E2 regulation of mRNA translation in leukemic blasts. Cell 2010, 140:652-665. 10.1016/j.cell.2010.01.007, 2924756, 20211135.
23. Beitzinger M, Meister G. Preview. MicroRNAs: from decay to decoy. Cell 2010, 140:612-614. 10.1016/j.cell.2010.02.020, 20211130.
24. Stark A, Lin MF, Kheradpour P, Pedersen JS, Parts L, Carlson JW, Crosby MA, Rasmussen MD, Roy S, Deoras AN, et al. Discovery of functional elements in 12 Drosophila genomes using evolutionary signatures. Nature 2007, 450:219-232. 10.1038/nature06340, 2474711, 17994088.
25. Kim DH, Saetrom P, Snove O, Rossi JJ. MicroRNA-directed transcriptional gene silencing in mammalian cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008, 105:16230-16235. 10.1073/pnas.0808830105, 2571020, 18852463.
26. Lee Y, Kim M, Han J, Yeom KH, Lee S, Baek SH, Kim VN. MicroRNA genes are transcribed by RNA polymerase II. EMBO J 2004, 23:4051-4060. 10.1038/sj.emboj.7600385, 524334, 15372072.
27. Lonard DM, O'Malley BW. Nuclear receptor coregulators: judges, juries, and executioners of cellular regulation. Mol Cell 2007, 27:691-700. 10.1016/j.molcel.2007.08.012, 17803935.
28. Di Leva G, Gasparini P, Piovan C, Ngankeu A, Garofalo M, Taccioli C, Iorio MV, Li M, Volinia S, Alder H, et al. MicroRNA cluster 221-222 and estrogen receptor alpha interactions in breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2010, 102:706-721. 10.1093/jnci/djq102, 2873185, 20388878.
29. Castellano L, Giamas G, Jacob J, Coombes RC, Lucchesi W, Thiruchelvam P, Barton G, Jiao LR, Wait R, Waxman J, et al. The estrogen receptor-alpha-induced microRNA signature regulates itself and its transcriptional response. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009, 106:15732-15737. 10.1073/pnas.0906947106, 2747188, 19706389.
30. Bhat-Nakshatri P, Wang G, Collins NR, Thomson MJ, Geistlinger TR, Carroll JS, Brown M, Hammond S, Srour EF, Liu Y, Nakshatri H. Estradiol-regulated microRNAs control estradiol response in breast cancer cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2009, 37:4850-4861. 10.1093/nar/gkp500, 2724297, 19528081.
31. Yamagata K, Fujiyama S, Ito S, Ueda T, Murata T, Naitou M, Takeyama K, Minami Y, O'Malley BW, Kato S. Maturation of microRNA is hormonally regulated by a nuclear receptor. Mol Cell 2009, 36:340-347. 10.1016/j.molcel.2009.08.017, 19854141.
32. Nothnick WB, Healy C, Hong X. Steroidal regulation of uterine miRNAs is associated with modulation of the miRNA biogenesis components Exportin-5 and Dicer1. Endocrine 2010, 37:265-273. 10.1007/s12020-009-9293-9, 2940060, 20852728.
33. Cheng C, Fu X, Alves P, Gerstein M. mRNA expression profiles show differential regulatory effects of microRNAs between estrogen receptor-positive and estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer. Genome Biol 2009, 10:R90. 10.1186/gb-2009-10-9-r90, 2768979, 19723326.
34. Grelier G, Voirin N, Ay AS, Cox DG, Chabaud S, Treilleux I, Leon-Goddard S, Rimokh R, Mikaelian I, Venoux C, et al. Prognostic value of Dicer expression in human breast cancers and association with the mesenchymal phenotype. Br J Cancer 2009, 101:673-683. 10.1038/sj.bjc.6605193, 2736830, 19672267.
35. Ozen M, Creighton CJ, Ozdemir M, Ittmann M. Widespread deregulation of microRNA expression in human prostate cancer. Oncogene 2008, 27:1788-1793. 10.1038/sj.onc.1210809, 17891175.
36. Waltering KK, Porkka KP, Jalava SE, Urbanucci A, Kohonen PJ, Latonen LM, Kallioniemi OP, Jenster G, Visakorpi T. Androgen regulation of micro-RNAs in prostate cancer. Prostate 2011, 71:604-614. 10.1002/pros.21276, 20945501.
37. Ribas J, Ni X, Haffner M, Wentzel EA, Salmasi AH, Chowdhury WH, Kudrolli TA, Yegnasubramanian S, Luo J, Rodriguez R, et al. miR-21: an androgen receptor-regulated microRNA that promotes hormone-dependent and hormone-independent prostate cancer growth. Cancer Res 2009, 69:7165-7169. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-09-1448, 2861586, 19738047.
38. Tang X, Gal J, Kyprianou N, Zhu H, Tang G. Detection of microRNAs in prostate cancer cells by microRNA array. Methods Mol Biol 2011, 732:69-88. 10.1007/978-1-61779-083-6_6, 21431706.
39. Lin SL, Chiang A, Chang D, Ying SY. Loss of mir-146a function in hormone-refractory prostate cancer. RNA 2008, 14:417-424. 10.1261/rna.874808, 2248249, 18174313.
40. Sun T, Wang Q, Balk S, Brown M, Lee GS, Kantoff P. The role of microRNA-221 and microRNA-222 in androgen-independent prostate cancer cell lines. Cancer Res 2009, 69:3356-3363. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-4112, 2703812, 19351832.
41. Cao P, Deng Z, Wan M, Huang W, Cramer SD, Xu J, Lei M, Sui G. MicroRNA-101 negatively regulates Ezh2 and its expression is modulated by androgen receptor and HIF-1alpha/HIF-1beta. Mol Cancer 2010, 9:108. 10.1186/1476-4598-9-108, 2881117, 20478051.
42. Porkka KP, Ogg EL, Saramaki OR, Vessella RL, Pukkila H, Lahdesmaki H, van Weerden WM, Wolf M, Kallioniemi OP, Jenster G, Visakorpi T. The miR-15a-miR-16-1 locus is homozygously deleted in a subset of prostate cancers. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2011, 50:499-509. 10.1002/gcc.20873, 21472816.
43. Shi XB, Xue L, Yang J, Ma AH, Zhao J, Xu M, Tepper CG, Evans CP, Kung HJ, deVere White RW. An androgen-regulated miRNA suppresses Bak1 expression and induces androgen-independent growth of prostate cancer cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2007, 104:19983-19988. 10.1073/pnas.0706641104, 2148409, 18056640.
44. Ambs S, Prueitt RL, Yi M, Hudson RS, Howe TM, Petrocca F, Wallace TA, Liu CG, Volinia S, Calin GA, et al. Genomic profiling of microRNA and messenger RNA reveals deregulated microRNA expression in prostate cancer. Cancer Res 2008, 68:6162-6170. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-0144, 2597340, 18676839.
45. Zheng C, Yinghao S, Li J. MiR-221 expression affects invasion potential of human prostate carcinoma cell lines by targeting DVL2. Med Oncol 2011,
46. Kanemaru H, Fukushima S, Yamashita J, Honda N, Oyama R, Kakimoto A, Masuguchi S, Ishihara T, Inoue Y, Jinnin M, Ihn H. The circulating microRNA-221 level in patients with malignant melanoma as a new tumor marker. J Dermatol Sci 2011, 61:187-193. 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2010.12.010, 21273047.
47. Yaman Agaoglu F, Kovancilar M, Dizdar Y, Darendeliler E, Holdenrieder S, Dalay N, Gezer U. Investigation of miR-21, miR-141, and miR-221 in blood circulation of patients with prostate cancer. Tumour Biol 2011, 32:583-588. 10.1007/s13277-011-0154-9, 21274675.
48. Ma S, Chan YP, Kwan PS, Lee TK, Yan M, Tang KH, Ling MT, Vielkind JR, Guan XY, Chan KW. MicroRNA-616 induces androgen-independent growth of prostate cancer cells by suppressing expression of tissue factor pathway inhibitor TFPI-2. Cancer Res 2011, 71:583-592. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-2587, 21224345.
49. Renthal NE, Chen CC, Williams KC, Gerard RD, Prange-Kiel J, Mendelson CR. miR-200 family and targets, ZEB1 and ZEB2, modulate uterine quiescence and contractility during pregnancy and labor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2010, 107:20828-20833. 10.1073/pnas.1008301107, 2996411, 21079000.
50. Bendoraite A, Knouf EC, Garg KS, Parkin RK, Kroh EM, O'Briant KC, Ventura AP, Godwin AK, Karlan BY, Drescher CW, et al. Regulation of miR-200 family microRNAs and ZEB transcription factors in ovarian cancer: evidence supporting a mesothelial-to-epithelial transition. Gynecol Oncol 2010, 116:117-125. 10.1016/j.ygyno.2009.08.009, 2867670, 19854497.
51. Wendler A, Keller D, Albrecht C, Peluso JJ, Wehling M. Involvement of let-7/miR-98 microRNAs in the regulation of progesterone receptor membrane component 1 expression in ovarian cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2011, 25:273-279.
52. Xia HF, Jin XH, Song PP, Cui Y, Liu CM, Ma X. Temporal and spatial regulation of miR-320 in the uterus during embryo implantation in the rat. Int J Mol Sci 2010, 11:719-730. 10.3390/ijms11020719, 2852863, 20386663.
53. Cui W, Li Q, Feng L, Ding W. MiR-126-3p regulates progesterone receptors and involves development and lactation of mouse mammary gland. Mol Cell Biochem 2011,
54. Watt AJ, Garrison WD, Duncan SA. HNF4: a central regulator of hepatocyte differentiation and function. Hepatology 2003, 37:1249-1253. 10.1053/jhep.2003.50273, 12774000.
55. Li ZY, Xi Y, Zhu WN, Zeng C, Zhang ZQ, Guo ZC, Hao DL, Liu G, Feng L, Chen HZ, et al. Positive regulation of hepatic miR-122 expression by HNF4alpha. J Hepatol 2011,
56. Ye Y, Hu Z, Lin Y, Zhang C, Perez-Polo JR. Downregulation of microRNA-29 by antisense inhibitors and a PPAR-gamma agonist protects against myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Cardiovasc Res 2010, 87:535-544. 10.1093/cvr/cvq053, 20164119.
57. Shah YM, Morimura K, Yang Q, Tanabe T, Takagi M, Gonzalez FJ. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha regulates a microRNA-mediated signaling cascade responsible for hepatocellular proliferation. Mol Cell Biol 2007, 27:4238-4247. 10.1128/MCB.00317-07, 1900062, 17438130.
58. O'Donnell KA, Wentzel EA, Zeller KI, Dang CV, Mendell JT. c-Myc-regulated microRNAs modulate E2F1 expression. Nature 2005, 435:839-843. 10.1038/nature03677, 15944709.
59. Lee J, Padhye A, Sharma A, Song G, Miao J, Mo YY, Wang L, Kemper JK. A pathway involving farnesoid × receptor and small heterodimer partner positively regulates hepatic sirtuin 1 levels via microRNA-34a inhibition. J Biol Chem 2010, 285:12604-12611. 10.1074/jbc.M109.094524, 2857134, 20185821.
60. Li J, Zhang Y, Kuruba R, Gao X, Gandhi CR, Xie W, Li S. Roles of miR-29a in the Antifibrotic Effect of FXR in Hepatic Stellate Cells. Mol Pharmacol 2011,
61. Cushing L, Kuang PP, Qian J, Shao F, Wu J, Little F, Thannickal VJ, Cardoso WV, Lu J. MIR-29 is a Major Regulator of Genes Associated with Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2010,
62. Roderburg C, Urban GW, Bettermann K, Vucur M, Zimmermann H, Schmidt S, Janssen J, Koppe C, Knolle P, Castoldi M, et al. Micro-RNA profiling reveals a role for miR-29 in human and murine liver fibrosis. Hepatology 2011, 53:209-218. 10.1002/hep.23922, 20890893.
63. Mott JL, Kurita S, Cazanave SC, Bronk SF, Werneburg NW, Fernandez-Zapico ME. Transcriptional suppression of mir-29b-1/mir-29a promoter by c-Myc, hedgehog, and NF-kappaB. J Cell Biochem 2010, 110:1155-1164. 10.1002/jcb.22630, 2922950, 20564213.
64. Schultz JR, Tu H, Luk A, Repa JJ, Medina JC, Li L, Schwendner S, Wang S, Thoolen M, Mangelsdorf DJ, et al. Role of LXRs in control of lipogenesis. Genes Dev 2000, 14:2831-2838. 10.1101/gad.850400, 317060, 11090131.
65. Repa JJ, Liang G, Ou J, Bashmakov Y, Lobaccaro JM, Shimomura I, Shan B, Brown MS, Goldstein JL, Mangelsdorf DJ. Regulation of mouse sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c gene (SREBP-1c) by oxysterol receptors, LXRalpha and LXRbeta. Genes Dev 2000, 14:2819-2830. 10.1101/gad.844900, 317055, 11090130.
66. Ou Z, Wada T, Gramignoli R, Li S, Strom SC, Huang M, Xie W. MicroRNA hsa-miR-613 targets the human LXRalpha gene and mediates a feedback loop of LXRalpha autoregulation. Mol Endocrinol 2011, 25:584-596. 10.1210/me.2010-0360, 21310851.
67. Takagi S, Nakajima M, Mohri T, Yokoi T. Post-transcriptional regulation of human pregnane × receptor by micro-RNA affects the expression of cytochrome P450 3A4. J Biol Chem 2008, 283:9674-9680. 10.1074/jbc.M709382200, 18268015.
68. Mahony S, Corcoran DL, Feingold E, Benos PV. Regulatory conservation of protein coding and microRNA genes in vertebrates: lessons from the opossum genome. Genome Biol 2007, 8:R84. 10.1186/gb-2007-8-5-r84, 1929153, 17506886.
69. Saumet A, Vetter G, Bouttier M, Portales-Casamar E, Wasserman WW, Maurin T, Mari B, Barbry P, Vallar L, Friederich E, et al. Transcriptional repression of microRNA genes by PML-RARA increases expression of key cancer proteins in acute promyelocytic leukemia. Blood 2009, 113:412-421.
70. Sandelin A, Wasserman WW. Prediction of nuclear hormone receptor response elements. Mol Endocrinol 2005, 19:595-606.
71. Denli AM, Cao X, Gage FH. miR-9 and TLX: chasing tails in neural stem cells. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2009, 16:346-347. 10.1038/nsmb0409-346, 19343066.
72. Zhao C, Sun G, Li S, Shi Y. A feedback regulatory loop involving microRNA-9 and nuclear receptor TLX in neural stem cell fate determination. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2009, 16:365-371. 10.1038/nsmb.1576, 2667220, 19330006.
73. Zhang Y, Hagedorn CH, Wang L. Role of nuclear receptor SHP in metabolism and cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta 2011, 1812:893-908.
74. Wang L, Liu J, Saha P, Huang J, Chan L, Spiegelman B, Moore DD. The orphan nuclear receptor SHP regulates PGC-1alpha expression and energy production in brown adipocytes. Cell Metab 2005, 2:227-238. 10.1016/j.cmet.2005.08.010, 16213225.
75. Huang J, Iqbal J, Saha PK, Liu J, Chan L, Hussain MM, Moore DD, Wang L. Molecular characterization of the role of orphan receptor small heterodimer partner in development of fatty liver. Hepatology 2007, 46:147-157. 10.1002/hep.21632, 17526026.
76. He N, Park K, Zhang Y, Huang J, Lu S, Wang L. Epigenetic inhibition of nuclear receptor small heterodimer partner is associated with and regulates hepatocellular carcinoma growth. Gastroenterology 2008, 134:793-802. 10.1053/j.gastro.2008.01.006, 18325392.
77. Zhang Y, Xu P, Park K, Choi Y, Moore DD, Wang L. Orphan receptor small heterodimer partner suppresses tumorigenesis by modulating cyclin D1 expression and cellular proliferation. Hepatology 2008, 48:289-298.
78. Song G, Wang L. A conserved gene structure and expression regulation of miR-433 and miR-127 in mammals. PLoS One 2009, 4:e7829. 10.1371/journal.pone.0007829, 2778354, 19946636.
79. Song G, Wang L. MiR-433 and miR-127 arise from independent overlapping primary transcripts encoded by the miR-433-127 locus. PLoS One 2008, 3:e3574. 10.1371/journal.pone.0003574, 2570487, 18974780.
80. Song G, Wang L. Transcriptional mechanism for the paired miR-433 and miR-127 genes by nuclear receptors SHP and ERRgamma. Nucleic Acids Res 2008, 36:5727-5735. 10.1093/nar/gkn567, 2566885, 18776219.
81. Song G, Wang L. Nuclear receptor SHP activates miR-206 expression via a cascade dual inhibitory mechanism. PLoS One 2009, 4:e6880. 10.1371/journal.pone.0006880, 2730526, 19721712.
82. Song G, Zhang Y, Wang L. MicroRNA-206 targets notch3, activates apoptosis, and inhibits tumor cell migration and focus formation. J Biol Chem 2009, 284:31921-31927. 10.1074/jbc.M109.046862, 2797263, 19723635.
83. Lee J, Kemper JK. Controlling SIRT1 expression by microRNAs in health and metabolic disease. Aging (Albany NY) 2010, 2:527-534.
84. de Kloet ER, Fitzsimons CP, Datson NA, Meijer OC, Vreugdenhil E. Glucocorticoid signaling and stress-related limbic susceptibility pathway: about receptors, transcription machinery and microRNA. Brain Res 2009, 1293:129-141.
85. Cochrane DR, Cittelly DM, Richer JK. Steroid receptors and microRNAs: relationships revealed. Steroids 2011, 76:1-10. 10.1016/j.steroids.2010.11.003, 21093468.
86. Rainer J, Ploner C, Jesacher S, Ploner A, Eduardoff M, Mansha M, Wasim M, Panzer-Grumayer R, Trajanoski Z, Niederegger H, Kofler R. Glucocorticoid-regulated microRNAs and mirtrons in acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Leukemia 2009, 23:746-752. 10.1038/leu.2008.370, 19148136.
87. van Rooij E, Sutherland LB, Qi X, Richardson JA, Hill J, Olson EN. Control of stress-dependent cardiac growth and gene expression by a microRNA. Science 2007, 316:575-579. 10.1126/science.1139089, 17379774.
88. Osada H, Takahashi T. let-7 and miR-17-92: small-sized major players in lung cancer development. Cancer Sci 2011, 102:9-17. 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2010.01707.x, 20735434.
89. Kumar MS, Erkeland SJ, Pester RE, Chen CY, Ebert MS, Sharp PA, Jacks T. Suppression of non-small cell lung tumor development by the let-7 microRNA family. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008, 105:3903-3908. 10.1073/pnas.0712321105, 2268826, 18308936.
90. Lee YS, Dutta A. The tumor suppressor microRNA let-7 represses the HMGA2 oncogene. Genes Dev 2007, 21:1025-1030. 10.1101/gad.1540407, 1855228, 17437991.
91. Tsang WP, Kwok TT. Let-7a microRNA suppresses therapeutics-induced cancer cell death by targeting caspase-3. Apoptosis 2008, 13:1215-1222. 10.1007/s10495-008-0256-z, 18758960.
92. Christensen BC, Moyer BJ, Avissar M, Ouellet LG, Plaza SL, McClean MD, Marsit CJ, Kelsey KT. A let-7 microRNA-binding site polymorphism in the KRAS 3' UTR is associated with reduced survival in oral cancers. Carcinogenesis 2009, 30:1003-1007. 10.1093/carcin/bgp099, 2691138, 19380522.
93. Graziano F, Canestrari E, Loupakis F, Ruzzo A, Galluccio N, Santini D, Rocchi M, Vincenzi B, Salvatore L, Cremolini C, et al. Genetic modulation of the Let-7 microRNA binding to KRAS 3'-untranslated region and survival of metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with salvage cetuximab-irinotecan. Pharmacogenomics J 2010, 10:458-464. 10.1038/tpj.2010.9, 20177422.
94. Johnson SM, Grosshans H, Shingara J, Byrom M, Jarvis R, Cheng A, Labourier E, Reinert KL, Brown D, Slack FJ. RAS is regulated by the let-7 microRNA family. Cell 2005, 120:635-647. 10.1016/j.cell.2005.01.014, 15766527.
95. Hossain A, Kuo MT, Saunders GF. Mir-17-5p regulates breast cancer cell proliferation by inhibiting translation of AIB1 mRNA. Mol Cell Biol 2006, 26:8191-8201. 10.1128/MCB.00242-06, 1636750, 16940181.
96. Yu Z, Wang C, Wang M, Li Z, Casimiro MC, Liu M, Wu K, Whittle J, Ju X, Hyslop T, et al. A cyclin D1/microRNA 17/20 regulatory feedback loop in control of breast cancer cell proliferation. J Cell Biol 2008, 182:509-517. 10.1083/jcb.200801079, 2500136, 18695042.
97. Bourguignon LY, Earle C, Wong G, Spevak CC, Krueger K. Stem cell marker (Nanog) and Stat-3 signaling promote MicroRNA-21 expression and chemoresistance in hyaluronan/CD44-activated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cells. Oncogene 2011,
98. Kida K, Nakajima M, Mohri T, Oda Y, Takagi S, Fukami T, Yokoi T. PPARalpha Is Regulated by miR-21 and miR-27b in Human Liver. Pharm Res 2011,
99. Liu LZ, Li C, Chen Q, Jing Y, Carpenter R, Jiang Y, Kung HF, Lai L, Jiang BH. MiR-21 induced angiogenesis through AKT and ERK activation and HIF-1alpha expression. PLoS One 2011, 6:e19139. 10.1371/journal.pone.0019139, 3081346, 21544242.
100. Gaur AB, Holbeck SL, Colburn NH, Israel MA. Downregulation of Pdcd4 by mir-21 facilitates glioblastoma proliferation in vivo. Neuro Oncol 2011, 13:580-590. 10.1093/neuonc/nor033, 21636706.
101. Polytarchou C, Iliopoulos D, Hatziapostolou M, Kottakis F, Maroulakou I, Struhl K, Tsichlis PN. Akt2 regulates all Akt isoforms and promotes resistance to hypoxia through induction of miR-21 upon oxygen deprivation. Cancer Res 2011,
102. Chun-Zhi Z, Lei H, An-Ling Z, Yan-Chao F, Xiao Y, Guang-Xiu W, Zhi-Fan J, Pei-Yu P, Qing-Yu Z, Chun-Sheng K. MicroRNA-221 and microRNA-222 regulate gastric carcinoma cell proliferation and radioresistance by targeting PTEN. BMC Cancer 2010, 10:367. 10.1186/1471-2407-10-367, 2914702, 20618998.
103. Zhang C, Zhang J, Zhang A, Wang Y, Han L, You Y, Pu P, Kang C. PUMA is a novel target of miR-221/222 in human epithelial cancers. Int J Oncol 2010, 37:1621-1626.
104. Kim D, Song J, Jin EJ. MicroRNA-221 regulates chondrogenic differentiation through promoting proteosomal degradation of slug by targeting Mdm2. J Biol Chem 2010, 285:26900-26907. 10.1074/jbc.M110.115105, 2930689, 20576614.
105. Galardi S, Mercatelli N, Farace MG, Ciafre SA. NF-kB and c-Jun induce the expression of the oncogenic miR-221 and miR-222 in prostate carcinoma and glioblastoma cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2011, 39:3892-3902. 10.1093/nar/gkr006, 3089483, 21245048.
106. Zhao JJ, Lin J, Yang H, Kong W, He L, Ma X, Coppola D, Cheng JQ. MicroRNA-221/222 negatively regulates estrogen receptor alpha and is associated with tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. J Biol Chem 2008, 283:31079-31086. 10.1074/jbc.M806041200, 2576549, 18790736.
107. Wellner U, Schubert J, Burk UC, Schmalhofer O, Zhu F, Sonntag A, Waldvogel B, Vannier C, Darling D, zur Hausen A, et al. The EMT-activator ZEB1 promotes tumorigenicity by repressing stemness-inhibiting microRNAs. Nat Cell Biol 2009, 11:1487-1495. 10.1038/ncb1998, 19935649.
108. Paik JH, Jang JY, Jeon YK, Kim WY, Kim TM, Heo DS, Kim CW. MicroRNA-146a downregulates NF{kappa}B activity via targeting TRAF6, and functions as a tumor suppressor having strong prognostic implications in NK/T cell lymphoma. Clin Cancer Res 2011,
109. Garcia AI, Buisson M, Bertrand P, Rimokh R, Rouleau E, Lopez BS, Lidereau R, Mikaelian I, Mazoyer S. Down-regulation of BRCA1 expression by miR-146a and miR-146b-5p in triple negative sporadic breast cancers. EMBO Mol Med 2011, 3:279-290. 10.1002/emmm.201100136, 21472990.
110. Chen T, Li Z, Jing T, Zhu W, Ge J, Zheng X, Pan X, Yan H, Zhu J. MicroRNA-146a regulates the maturation process and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion by targeting CD40L in oxLDL-stimulated dendritic cells. FEBS Lett 2011, 585:567-573. 10.1016/j.febslet.2011.01.010, 21236257.
111. Taganov KD, Boldin MP, Chang KJ, Baltimore D. NF-kappaB-dependent induction of microRNA miR-146, an inhibitor targeted to signaling proteins of innate immune responses. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006, 103:12481-12486. 10.1073/pnas.0605298103, 1567904, 16885212.
112. Lu LF, Boldin MP, Chaudhry A, Lin LL, Taganov KD, Hanada T, Yoshimura A, Baltimore D, Rudensky AY. Function of miR-146a in controlling Treg cell-mediated regulation of Th1 responses. Cell 2010, 142:914-929. 10.1016/j.cell.2010.08.012, 3049116, 20850013.
113. Lu J, He ML, Wang L, Chen Y, Liu X, Dong Q, Chen YC, Peng Y, Yao KT, Kung HF, Li XP. MiR-26a inhibits cell growth and tumorigenesis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma through repression of EZH2. Cancer Res 2011, 71:225-233. 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-1850, 21199804.
114. Zhang B, Liu XX, He JR, Zhou CX, Guo M, He M, Li MF, Chen GQ, Zhao Q. Pathologically decreased miR-26a antagonizes apoptosis and facilitates carcinogenesis by targeting MTDH and EZH2 in breast cancer. Carcinogenesis 2011, 32:2-9. 10.1093/carcin/bgq209, 20952513.
115. Buechner J, Tomte E, Haug BH, Henriksen JR, Lokke C, Flaegstad T, Einvik C. Tumour-suppressor microRNAs let-7 and mir-101 target the proto-oncogene MYCN and inhibit cell proliferation in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma. Br J Cancer 2011,
116. Hao Y, Gu X, Zhao Y, Greene S, Sha W, Smoot D, Califano JA, Wu TC, Pang X. Enforced Expression of miR-101 inhibits prostate cancer cell growth by modulating cyclooxygenase-2 pathway in vivo. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2011,
117. Sachdeva M, Wu H, Ru P, Hwang L, Trieu V, Mo YY. MicroRNA-101-mediated Akt activation and estrogen-independent growth. Oncogene 2011, 30:822-831. 10.1038/onc.2010.463, 20956939.
118. Tanaka T, Haneda S, Imakawa K, Sakai S, Nagaoka K. A microRNA, miR-101a, controls mammary gland development by regulating cyclooxygenase-2 expression. Differentiation 2009, 77:181-187. 10.1016/j.diff.2008.10.001, 19281778.
119. Zheng SQ, Li YX, Zhang Y, Li X, Tang H. MiR-101 regulates HSV-1 replication by targeting ATP5B. Antiviral Res 2011, 89:219-226. 10.1016/j.antiviral.2011.01.008, 21291913.
120. Zhu QY, Liu Q, Chen JX, Lan K, Ge BX. MicroRNA-101 targets MAPK phosphatase-1 to regulate the activation of MAPKs in macrophages. J Immunol 2010, 185:7435-7442. 10.4049/jimmunol.1000798, 21068409.
121. Zhou R, Hu G, Gong AY, Chen XM. Binding of NF-kappaB p65 subunit to the promoter elements is involved in LPS-induced transactivation of miRNA genes in human biliary epithelial cells. Nucleic Acids Res 2010, 38:3222-3232. 10.1093/nar/gkq056, 2879527, 20144951.
122. Ge Y, Sun Y, Chen J. IGF-II is regulated by microRNA-125b in skeletal myogenesis. J Cell Biol 2011, 192:69-81. 10.1083/jcb.201007165, 3019547, 21200031.
123. Rajabi H, Joshi MD, Jin C, Ahmad R, Kufe D. Androgen receptor regulates expression of the MUC1-C oncoprotein in human prostate cancer cells. Prostate 2011,
124. Alpini G, Glaser SS, Zhang JP, Francis H, Han Y, Gong J, Stokes A, Francis T, Hughart N, Hubble L, et al. Regulation of placenta growth factor by microRNA-125b in hepatocellular cancer. J Hepatol 2011,
125. Xu N, Brodin P, Wei T, Meisgen F, Eidsmo L, Nagy N, Kemeny L, Stahle M, Sonkoly E, Pivarcsi A. MiR-125b, a MicroRNA Downregulated in Psoriasis, Modulates Keratinocyte Proliferation by Targeting FGFR2. J Invest Dermatol 2011, 131:1521-1529. 10.1038/jid.2011.55, 21412257.
126. Le MT, Xie H, Zhou B, Chia PH, Rizk P, Um M, Udolph G, Yang H, Lim B, Lodish HF. MicroRNA-125b promotes neuronal differentiation in human cells by repressing multiple targets. Mol Cell Biol 2009, 29:5290-5305. 10.1128/MCB.01694-08, 2747988, 19635812.
127. Castoldi M, Vujic Spasic M, Altamura S, Elmen J, Lindow M, Kiss J, Stolte J, Sparla R, D'Alessandro LA, Klingmuller U, et al. The liver-specific microRNA miR-122 controls systemic iron homeostasis in mice. J Clin Invest 2011, 121:1386-1396. 10.1172/JCI44883, 3069782, 21364282.
128. Burns DM, D'Ambrogio A, Nottrott S, Richter JD. CPEB and two poly(A) polymerases control miR-122 stability and p53 mRNA translation. Nature 2011, 473:105-108. 10.1038/nature09908, 21478871.
129. Wilson JA, Zhang C, Huys A, Richardson CD. Human Ago2 is required for efficient microRNA 122 regulation of hepatitis C virus RNA accumulation and translation. J Virol 2011, 85:2342-2350. 10.1128/JVI.02046-10, 3067765, 21177824.
130. Chang J, Nicolas E, Marks D, Sander C, Lerro A, Buendia MA, Xu C, Mason WS, Moloshok T, Bort R, et al. miR-122, a mammalian liver-specific microRNA, is processed from hcr mRNA and may downregulate the high affinity cationic amino acid transporter CAT-1. RNA Biol 2004, 1:106-113. 10.4161/rna.1.2.1066, 17179747.
131. Gatfield D, Le Martelot G, Vejnar CE, Gerlach D, Schaad O, Fleury-Olela F, Ruskeepaa AL, Oresic M, Esau CC, Zdobnov EM, Schibler U. Integration of microRNA miR-122 in hepatic circadian gene expression. Genes Dev 2009, 23:1313-1326. 10.1101/gad.1781009, 2701584, 19487572.
132. Teichler S, Illmer T, Roemhild J, Ovcharenko D, Stiewe T, Neubauer A. MicroRNA29a regulates the expression of the nuclear oncogene Ski. Blood 2011,
133. Pullen TJ, da Silva Xavier G, Kelsey G, Rutter GA. miR-29a and miR-29b contribute to pancreatic {beta}-cell specific silencing of Monocarboxylate Transporter 1 (Mct1/slc16a1). Mol Cell Biol 2011,
134. Kong G, Zhang J, Zhang S, Shan C, Ye L, Zhang X. Upregulated MicroRNA-29a by Hepatitis B Virus × Protein Enhances Hepatoma Cell Migration by Targeting PTEN in Cell Culture Model. PLoS One 2011, 6:e19518. 10.1371/journal.pone.0019518, 3088678, 21573166.
135. Zhao JJ, Lin J, Lwin T, Yang H, Guo J, Kong W, Dessureault S, Moscinski LC, Rezania D, Dalton WS, et al. microRNA expression profile and identification of miR-29 as a prognostic marker and pathogenetic factor by targeting CDK6 in mantle cell lymphoma. Blood 2010, 115:2630-2639. 10.1182/blood-2009-09-243147, 2852365, 20086245.
136. Chan SY, Loscalzo J. MicroRNA-210: A unique and pleiotropic hypoxamir. Cell Cycle 2010, 9:1072-1083. 10.4161/cc.9.6.11006, 2912143, 20237418.
137. Huang X, Le QT, Giaccia AJ. MiR-210--micromanager of the hypoxia pathway. Trends Mol Med 2010, 16:230-237. 10.1016/j.molmed.2010.03.004, 20434954.
138. Tsuchiya S, Fujiwara T, Sato F, Shimada Y, Tanaka E, Sakai Y, Shimizu K, Tsujimoto G. MicroRNA-210 regulates cancer cell proliferation through targeting fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1 (FGFRL1). J Biol Chem 2011, 286:420-428. 10.1074/jbc.M110.170852, 21044961.
139. Zhang Y, Xie RL, Croce CM, Stein JL, Lian JB, van Wijnen AJ, Stein GS. A program of microRNAs controls osteogenic lineage progression by targeting transcription factor Runx2. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2011, 108:9863-9868. 10.1073/pnas.1018493108, 21628588.
140. Siegel C, Li J, Liu F, Benashski SE, McCullough LD. miR-23a regulation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) contributes to sex differences in the response to cerebral ischemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2011,
141. Zhu LH, Liu T, Tang H, Tian RQ, Su C, Liu M, Li X. MicroRNA-23a promotes the growth of gastric adenocarcinoma cell line MGC803 and downregulates interleukin-6 receptor. FEBS J 2010, 277:3726-3734. 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2010.07773.x, 20698883.
142. Zhang J, Chintalgattu V, Shih T, Ai D, Xia Y, Khakoo AY. MicroRNA-9 is an activation-induced regulator of PDGFR-beta expression in cardiomyocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2011,
143. Shibata M, Nakao H, Kiyonari H, Abe T, Aizawa S. MicroRNA-9 regulates neurogenesis in mouse telencephalon by targeting multiple transcription factors. J Neurosci 2011, 31:3407-3422. 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5085-10.2011, 21368052.
144. Otaegi G, Pollock A, Hong J, Sun T. MicroRNA miR-9 modifies motor neuron columns by a tuning regulation of FoxP1 levels in developing spinal cords. J Neurosci 2011, 31:809-818. 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4330-10.2011, 3040495, 21248104.
145. Arora H, Qureshi R, Jin S, Park AK, Park WY. miR-9 and let-7g enhance the sensitivity to ionizing radiation by suppression of NFkappaB1. Exp Mol Med 2011, 43:298-304. 10.3858/emm.2011.43.5.031, 3104252, 21464588.
146. Craig VJ, Cogliatti SB, Imig J, Renner C, Neuenschwander S, Rehrauer H, Schlapbach R, Dirnhofer S, Tzankov A, Muller A. Myc-mediated repression of microRNA-34a promotes high-grade transformation of B-cell lymphoma by dysregulation of FoxP1. Blood 2011, 117:6227-6236. 10.1182/blood-2010-10-312231, 21460242.
147. Hermeking H. The miR-34 family in cancer and apoptosis. Cell Death Differ 2010, 17:193-199. 10.1038/cdd.2009.56, 19461653.
148. Simon D, Laloo B, Barillot M, Barnetche T, Blanchard C, Rooryck C, Marche M, Burgelin I, Coupry I, Chassaing N, et al. A mutation in the 3'-UTR of the HDAC6 gene abolishing the post-transcriptional regulation mediated by hsa-miR-433 is linked to a new form of dominant X-linked chondrodysplasia. Hum Mol Genet 2010, 19:2015-2027. 10.1093/hmg/ddq083, 20181727.
149. Saito Y, Liang G, Egger G, Friedman JM, Chuang JC, Coetzee GA, Jones PA. Specific activation of microRNA-127 with downregulation of the proto-oncogene BCL6 by chromatin-modifying drugs in human cancer cells. Cancer Cell 2006, 9:435-443. 10.1016/j.ccr.2006.04.020, 16766263.
150. Chen JF, Tao Y, Li J, Deng Z, Yan Z, Xiao X, Wang DZ. microRNA-1 and microRNA-206 regulate skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation and differentiation by repressing Pax7. J Cell Biol 2010, 190:867-879. 10.1083/jcb.200911036, 2935565, 20819939.
151. Winbanks CE, Wang B, Beyer C, Koh P, White L, Kantharidis P, Gregorevic P. TGF-beta regulates miR-206 and miR-29 to control myogenic differentiation through regulation of HDAC4. J Biol Chem 2011, 286:13805-13814. 10.1074/jbc.M110.192625, 21324893.
152. Lin CC, Liu LZ, Addison JB, Wonderlin WF, Ivanov AV, Ruppert JM. A KLF4-miRNA-206 Autoregulatory Feedback Loop Can Promote or Inhibit Protein Translation Depending upon Cell Context. Mol Cell Biol 2011, 31:2513-2527. 10.1128/MCB.01189-10, 21518959.
153. Dey BK, Gagan J, Dutta A. miR-206 and -486 induce myoblast differentiation by downregulating Pax7. Mol Cell Biol 2011, 31:203-214. 10.1128/MCB.01009-10, 3019853, 21041476.