Transcatheter aortic valve implantation: Current and future approaches

Nature Reviews Cardiology

Volumn 9, Issue 1, 2012, Pages 15-29

  Rodés Cabau, Josep ^a  

^a LAVAL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AORTA STENOSIS; AORTA VALVE REGURGITATION; ARTIFICIAL HEART PACEMAKER; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE; HEART HEMODYNAMICS; HEART MUSCLE CONDUCTION DISTURBANCE; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS; HIGH RISK PATIENT; HUMAN; IMPLANT REGISTRY; INTERMETHOD COMPARISON; MULTICENTER STUDY (TOPIC); PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL (TOPIC); REVIEW; RISK ASSESSMENT; STROKE; SURGICAL RISK; TRANSCATHETER AORTIC VALVE IMPLANTATION;

AORTIC VALVE INSUFFICIENCY; AORTIC VALVE STENOSIS; HEART CATHETERIZATION; HEART VALVE PROSTHESIS IMPLANTATION; HUMANS;

EID: 83655184726     PISSN: 17595002     EISSN: 17595010     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/nrcardio.2011.164     Document Type: Review

References (134)

1. Andersen, H. R. et al. Transluminal implantation of artificial heart valves. Description of a new expandable aortic valve and initial results with implantation by catheter technique in closed chest pigs. Eur. Heart J. 13, 704-708 (1992).
2. Lutter, G., Ardehali, R., Cremer, J. & Bonhoeffer, P. Percutaneous valve replacement: current state and future prospects. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 78, 2199-2206 (2004). (Pubitemid 39556342)
3. Cribier, A. et al. Percutaneous transcatheter implantation of an aortic valve prosthesis for calcific aortic stenosis. First human case description. Circulation 106, 3006-3008 (2002). (Pubitemid 35440280)
4. Cribier, A. et al. Early experience with percutaneous transcatheter implantation of heart valve prosthesis for the treatment of end-stage inoperable patients with calcific aortic stenosis. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 43, 698-703 (2004). (Pubitemid 38229547)
5. Webb, J. G. et al. Percutaneous aortic valve implantation retrograde from the femoral artery. Circulation 113, 842-850 (2006).
6. Webb, J. G. et al. Percutaneous transarterial aortic valve replacement in selected high-risk patients with aortic stenosis. Circulation 116, 755-763 (2007). (Pubitemid 47255993)
7. Lichtenstein, S. V. et al. Transapical transcatheter aortic valve implantation in humans. Initial clinical experience. Circulation 114, 591-596 (2006). (Pubitemid 44202060)
8. Walther, T. et al. Minimally invasive transapical beating heart aortic valve implantation-proof of concept. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 31, 9-15 (2007). (Pubitemid 44880777)
9. Walther, T. et al. Transapical minimally invasive aortic valve implantation. Multicenter experience. Circulation 116 (11 Suppl.), I240-I245 (2007). (Pubitemid 47480797)
10. Svensson, L. G. et al. United States feasibility study of transcatheter insertion of a stented aortic valve by the left ventricular apex. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 86, 46-55 (2008).
11. Walther, T. et al. One-year interim follow-up results of the TRAVERCE trial: the initial feasibility study for trans-apical aortic valve implantation. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 39, 532-527 (2011).
12. Rodés-Cabau, J. et al. Feasibility and initial results of percutaneous aortic valve implantation including selection of the transfemoral or transapical approach in patients with severe aortic stenosis. Am. J. Cardiol. 102, 1240-1246 (2008).
13. Lefvre, T. et al. One year follow-up of the multi-centre European PARTNER transcatheter heart valve study. Eur. Heart J. 32, 148-157 (2011).
14. Kodali, S. K. et al. Early and late (one year) outcomes following transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with severe aortic stenosis (from the United States REVIVAL trial). Am. J. Cardiol. 107, 1058-1064 (2011).
15. Grube, E. et al. First report on a human percutaneous transluminal implantation of a self-expanding valve prosthesis for interventional treatment of aortic valve stenosis. Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. 66, 465-469 (2005). (Pubitemid 41779008)
16. Grube, E. et al. Percutaneous implantation of the CoreValve self-expanding valve prosthesis in high-risk patients with aortic valve disease. The Siegburg first-in-human study. Circulation 114, 1616-1624 (2006). (Pubitemid 44547432)
17. Marcheix, B. et al. Surgical aspects of endovascular retrograde implantation of the aortic CoreValve bioprothesis in high-risk older patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 134, 1150-1156 (2007). (Pubitemid 47633644)
18. Grube, E. et al. Percutaneous aortic valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis in high-risk patients using the second- and current third-generation self-expanding corevalve prosthesis. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 50, 69-76 (2007). (Pubitemid 46970878)
19. Rodés-Cabau, J. et al. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation for the treatment of severe symptomatic aortic stenosis in patients at very high or prohibitive surgical risk. Acute and late outcomes of the multicenter Canadian experience. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 55, 1080-1090 (2010).
20. Thomas, M. et al. Thirty-day results of the SAPIEN aortic bioprosthesis European outcome (SOURCE) registry: a European registry of transcatheter aortic valve implantation using the Edwards SAPIEN valve. Circulation 122, 62-69 (2010).
21. Piazza, N. et al. Procedural and 30-day outcomes following transcatheter aortic valve implantation using the third generation (18F) CoreValve revalving system: results from the multicentre, expanded evaluation registry 1-year following CE mark approval. EuroIntervention 4, 242-249 (2008).
22. Tamburino, C. et al. Incidence and predictors of early and late mortality after transcatheter aortic valve implantation in 663 patients with severe aortic stenosis. Circulation 123, 299-308 (2011).
23. Eltchaninoff, H. et al. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation: early results of the FRANCE (FRench Aortic National CoreValve and Edwards) registry. Eur. Heart J. 32, 191-197 (2011).
24. Zahn, R. et al. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation: first results from a multi-centre real-world registry. Eur. Heart J. 32, 198-204 (2011).
25. Bosmans, J. M. et al. Procedural, 30-day and one year outcome following CoreValve or Edwards transcatheter aortic valve implantation: results of the Belgian national registry. Interact. Cardiovasc. Thorac. Surg. 12, 762-767 (2011).
26. Moat, N. et al. Long-term outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve implantation in high-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis. The UK TAVI (United Kingdom Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) registry. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 58, 2130-2138 (2011).
27. Leon, M. B. et al. Transcatheter aortic-valve implantation for aortic stenosis in patients who cannot undergo surgery. N. Engl. J. Med. 363, 1597-607 (2010).
28. Smith, C. R. et al. Transcatheter versus Surgical Aortic-Valve Replacement in High-Risk Patients. N. Engl. J. Med. 364, 2187-2198 (2011).
29. Ng, A. C. et al. Comparison of aortic root dimensions and geometries before and after transcatheter aortic valve implantation by 2-and 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography and multislice computed tomography. Circ. Cardiovasc. Imaging 3, 94-102 (2010).
30. Messika-Zeitoun, D. et al. Multimodal assessment of the aortic annulus diameter. Implications for transcatheter aortic valve implantation. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 55, 186-194 (2010).
31. Koos, R. et al. Evaluation of aortic root for definition of prosthesis size by magnetic resonance imaging and cardiac computed tomography: Implications for transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Int. J. Cardiol. 13 (Suppl. 1), P243 (2011).
32. Tzikas, A. et al. Assessment of the aortic annulus by multislice computed tomography, contrast aortography, and trans-thoracic echocardiography in patients referred for transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. 77, 868-875 (2011).
33. Schultz, C. J. et al. Three dimensional evaluation of the aortic annulus using multislice computer tomography: are manufacturers guidelines for sizing for percutaneous aortic valve replacement helpful? Eur. Heart J. 31, 849-856 (2010).
34. Lange, R. et al. First successful transapical aortic valve implantation with the Corevalve Revalving system: a case report. Heart Surg. Forum 10, e478-e479 (2007).
35. Bagur, R. et al. Usefulness of TEE as the primary imaging technique to guide transcatheter transapical aortic valve implantation. JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging 4, 115-124 (2011).
36. Rodés-Cabau, J. et al. Incidence, predictive factors, and prognostic value of myocardial injury following uncomplicated transcatheter aortic valve implantation. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 57, 1988-1999 (2011).
37. Bauernschmitt, R. et al. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation through the ascending aorta: an alternative option for no-access patients. Heart Surg. Forum 12, E63-E64 (2009).
38. Latsios, G., Gerckens, U. & Grube, E. Transaortic transcatheter aortic valve implantation: a novel approach for the truly "no-access option" patients. Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. 75, 1129-1136 (2010).
39. Bapat, V., Thomas, M., Hancock, J. & Wilson, K. First successful trans-catheter aortic valve implantation through ascending aorta using Edwards SAPIEN THV system. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 38, 811-813 (2010).
40. Ruge, H. et al. First successful aortic valve implantation with the CoreValve ReValving system via right subclavian artery access: a case report. Heart Surg. Forum 11, 323-324 (2008).
41. Petronio, A. S. et al. Safety and efficacy of the subclavian approach for transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the CoreValve revalving system. Circ. Cardiovasc. Interv. 3, 359-366 (2010).
42. De Robertis, F. et al. The left axillary artery-a new approach for transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 36, 807-812 (2009).
43. Grube, E. et al. Feasibility of transcatheter aortic valve implantation without pre-dilation: a pilot study. JACC Cardiovasc. Intervent. 4, 751-757 (2011).
44. Gurvitch, R. et al. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Durability of clinical and hemodynamic outcomes beyond 3 years in a large patient cohort. Circulation 122, 1319-1327 (2010).
45. Buellesfeld, L. et al. 2-year follow-up of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation using a self-expandable valve prosthesis. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 57, 1650-1657 (2011).
46. Nuis, R. J. et al. Frequency, determinants, and prognostic effects of acute kidney injury and red blood cell transfusion in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. 77, 881-9 (2011).
47. Sinning, J. M. et al. Renal function as predictor of mortality in patients after percutaneous transcatheter aortic valve implantation. JACC Cardiovasc. Interv. 3, 1141-1149 (2010).
48. Thomas, M. et al. One-year outcomes of cohort 1 in the Edwards SAPIEN Aortic Bioprosthesis European Outcome (SOURCE) registry: the European registry of transcatheter aortic valve implantation using the Edwards SAPIEN valve. Circulation 124, 425-433 (2011).
49. Wenaweser, P. et al. Clinical outcome and predictors for adverse events after transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the use of different devices and routes. Am. Heart J. 161, 1114-1124 (2011).
50. Dewey, T. M. et al. Effect of concomitant coronary artery disease on procedural and late outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 89, 758-767 (2010).
51. Abdel-Wahab, M. et al. Aortic regurgitation after transcatheter aortic valve implantation: incidence and early outcome. Results from the German transcatheter aortic valve interventions registry. Heart 97, 899-906 (2011).
52. Webb, J. G. et al. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Impact on clinical and valve-related outcomes. Circulation 119, 3009-3016 (2009).
53. Bagur, R. et al. Acute kidney injury following transcatheter aortic valve implantation: predictive factors, prognostic value, and comparison with surgical aortic valve replacement. Eur. Heart J. 31, 865-874 (2010).
54. Ranucci, M. et al. Surgical and transcatheter aortic valve procedures. The limits of risk scores. Interact. Cardiovasc. Thorac. Surg. 11, 138-141 (2010).
55. Dewey, T. M. et al. Reliability of risk algorithms in predicting early and late operative outcomes in high-risk patients undergoing aortic valve replacement. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 135, 180-187 (2008).
56. Rosenhek, R. et al. ESC working group on valvular heart disease position paper: assessing the risk of interventions in patients with valvular heart disease. Eur. Heart J. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehr061 (2011).
57. Himbert, D. et al. Results of transfemoral or transapical aortic valve implantation following a uniform assessment in high-risk patients with aortic stenosis. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 54, 303-311 (2009).
58. Grube, E. et al. Progress and current status of percutaneous aortic valve replacement results of three device generations of the CoreValve Revalving system. Circ. Cardiovasc. Intervent. 1, 167-175 (2008).
59. Gurvitch, R. et al. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation: lessons from the learning curve of the first 270 high-risk patients. Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ccd.22961 (2011).
60. Leon, M. B. et al. Standardized endpoint definitions for transcatheter aortic valve implantation clinical trials: A consensus report from the Valve Academic Research Consortium. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 57, 253-269 (2011).
61. Hayashida, K. et al. Transfemoral aortic valve implantation new criteria to predict vascular complications. JACC Cardiovasc. Interv. 4, 851-858 (2011).
62. Saia, F. et al. Incidence, prognostic value and management of vascular complications with transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Future Cardiol. 7, 321-331 (2011).
63. Cockburn, J. et al. Large caliber arterial access device closure for percutaneous aortic valve interventions: use of the Prostar system in 118 cases. Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv.http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ccd.23105 (2011).
64. Van Mieghem, N. M. et al. Vascular complications with transcatheter aortic valve implantation using the 18 Fr Medtronic CoreValve system: the Rotterdam experience. Eurointervention 5, 673-679 (2010).
65. Sharp, A. S. et al. A new technique for vascular access management in transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. 75, 784-793 (2010).
66. Genereux, P. et al. Clinical outcomes using a new crossover balloon occlusion technique for percutaneous closure after transfemoral aortic valve implantation. JACC Cardiovasc. Interv. 4, 861-867 (2011).
67. Kahlert, P. et al. Silent and apparent cerebral ischemia after percutaneous transfemoral aortic valve implantation: a diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging study. Circulation 121, 870-878 (2010).
68. Ghanem, A. et al. Risk and fate of cerebral embolism after transfemoral aortic valve implantation. A prospective pilot study with diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 55, 1427-1432 (2010).
69. Rodés-Cabau, J. et al. Cerebral embolism following transcatheter aortic valve implantation: comparison of transfemoral and transapical approaches. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 57, 18-28 (2011).
70. Kahlert, P. et al. Cerebral embolization during transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI): a transcranial Doppler study [abstract]. Circulation 122, A18122 (2010).
71. Szeto, W. Y. et al. Cerebral embolic exposure during transfemoral and transapical transcatheter aortic valve replacement. J. Card. Surg. 26, 348-354 (2011).
72. Nietlispach, F. et al. An embolic deflection device for aortic valve interventions. JACC Cardiovasc. Interv. 3, 1133-1138 (2010).
73. Miller, C. et al. Transcatheter (TAVR) versus surgical (AVR) aortic valve replacement: incidence, hazard, determinants, and consequences of neurological events in the PARTNER Trial. Presented at the 2011 Annual meeting of the American Association of Thoracic Surgeons.
74. Kapadia, S. R., Svensson, L. & Tuzcu, M. Successful percutaneous management of left main trunk occlusion during percutaneous aortic valve replacement. Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. 73, 966-972 (2009).
75. Bagur, R. et al. Coronary ostia stenosis following transcatheter aortic valve implantation. JACC Cardiovasc. Interv. 3, 253-255 (2010).
76. Stabile, E. et al. Acute left main obstructions following TAVI. EuroIntervention 6, 100-105 (2010).
77. Crimi, G., Passerone, G. & Rubartelli, P. Trans-apical aortic valve implantation complicated by left main occlusion. Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. 78, 656-659 (2011).
78. Saia, F., Marrozzini, C. & Marzocchi, A. Displacement of calcium nodules from the native valve as a possible cause of left main occlusion following transcatheter aortic valve implantation. J. Invasive Cardiol. 23, E106-E109 (2011).
79. Gogas, B. D., Zacharoulis, A. A. & Antoniadis, A. G. Acute coronary occlusion following TAVI. Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. 77, 435-438 (2011).
80. Aregger, F. et al. Risk of acute kidney injury in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis undergoing transcatheter valve replacement. Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 24, 2175-2179 (2009).
81. Elhmidi, Y. et al. Incidence and predictors of acute kidney injury in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Am. Heart J. 161, 735-739 (2011).
82. Van Linden, A. et al. Risk of acute kidney injury after minimally invasive transapical aortic valve implantation in 270 patients. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 39, 835-843 (2011).
83. Sinhal, A. et al. Atrioventricular block after transcatheter balloon expandable aortic valve implantation. JACC Cardiovasc. Interv. 1, 305-309 (2008). (Pubitemid 351816793)
84. Gutiérrez, M. et al. Electrocardiographic changes and clinical outcomes after transapical aortic valve implantation. Am. Heart J. 158, 302-308 (2009).
85. Godin, M. et al. Frequency of conduction disturbances after transcatheter implantation of an Edwards Sapien aortic valve prosthesis. Am. J. Cardiol. 106, 707-712 (2010).
86. Piazza, N. et al. Early and persistent intraventricular conduction abnormalities and requirements for pacemaking after percutaneous replacement of the aortic valve. JACC Cardiovasc. Interv. 1, 310-316 (2008). (Pubitemid 351804194)
87. Jilaihawi, H. et al. Predictors for permanent pacemaker requirement after transcatheter aortic valve implantation with the CoreValve bioprosthesis. Am. Heart J. 157, 860-866 (2009).
88. Erkapic, D. et al. Electrocardiographic and further predictors for permanent pacemaker requirement after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Europace 12, 1188-1190 (2010).
89. Nuis, R. J. et al. Timing and potential mechanisms of new conduction abnormalities during the implantation of the Medtronic CoreValve system in patients with aortic stenosis. Eur. Heart J. 32, 2067-2074 (2011).
90. Baan, J. et al. Factors associated with cardiac conduction disorders and permanent pacemaker implantation after percutaneous aortic valve implantation with the CoreValve prosthesis. Am. Heart J. 159, 497-503 (2010).
91. Fraccaro, C. et al. Incidence, predictors, and outcome of conduction disorders after transcatheter self-expandable aortic valve implantation. Am. J. Cardiol. 107, 747-754 (2011).
92. Khawaja, M. Z. et al. Permanent pacemaker insertion after CoreValve transcatheter aortic valve implantation: incidence and contributing factors (the UK CoreValve collaborative). Circulation 123, 951-960 (2011).
93. Haworth, P. et al. Predictors for permanent pacing after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. 76, 751-756 (2010).
94. Roten, L. et al. Incidence and predictors of atrioventricular conduction impairment after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Am. J. Cardiol. 106, 1473-1480 (2010).
95. Clavel, M. A. et al. Comparison of the hemodynamic performance of percutaneous and surgical bioprostheses for the treatment of severe aortic stenosis. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 53, 1883-1891 (2009).
96. Zegdi, R. et al. Is it reasonable to treat all calcified stenotic aortic valves with a valved stent? Results from a human anatomic study in adults. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 51, 579-584 (2009).
97. Schultz, C. J. et al. Geometry and degree of apposition of the CoreValve Revalving system with multislice computed tomography after implantation in patients with aortic stenosis. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 54, 911-918 (2009).
98. Clavel, M. A. et al. Validation and characterization of transcatheter aortic valve effective orifice area measured by Doppler-echocardiography. JACC Cardiovasc. Imaging 4, 1053-1062 (2011).
99. Kalavrouziotis, D. et al. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with severe aortic stenosis and small aortic annulus. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 58, 1016-1024 (2011).
100. Bauer, F. et al. Acute improvement in global and regional left ventricular systolic function after percutaneous heart valve implantation in patients with symptomatic aortic stenosis. Circulation 110, 1473-1476 (2004). (Pubitemid 39238026)
101. Clavel, M. A. et al. Comparison between transcatheter and surgical prosthetic valve implantation in patients with severe aortic stenosis and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction. Circulation 122, 1928-1936 (2010).
102. Rodés-Cabau, J., Dumont, E. & Doyle, D. "Valve-in- valve" for the treatment of paravalvular leaks following transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. 74, 1116-1119 (2009).
103. Ussia, G. P. et al. The valve-in-valve technique for treatment of aortic bioprosthesis malposition: an analysis of incidence and 1-year clinical outcomes from the Italian CoreValve registry. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol 57, 1062-1068 (2011).
104. Latib, A. et al. Post-implantation repositioning of the CoreValve percutaneous valve. JACC Cardiovasc. Interv. 3, 119-121 (2010).
105. John, D. et al. Correlation of device landing zone calcification and acute procedural success in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantations with the self-expanding CoreValve prosthesis. JACC Cardiovasc. Interv. 3, 233-243 (2010).
106. Détaint, D. et al. Determinants of significant paravalvular regurgitation after transcatheter aortic valve implantation : impact of device and annulus discongruence. JACC Cardiovasc. Interv. 2, 821-827 (2009).
107. Sherif, M. A. et al. Anatomic and procedural predictors of paravalvular aortic regurgitation after implantation of the Medtronic CoreValve bioprosthesis. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 56, 1623-1629 (2010).
108. Gotzmann, M. et al. Short-term effects of transcatheter aortic valve implantation on neurohormonal activation, quality of life and 6-minute walk test in severe and symptomatic aortic stenosis. Heart 96, 1102-1106 (2010).
109. Bagur, R. et al. Exercise capacity in patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis before and six months after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Am. J. Cardiol. 108, 258-264 (2011).
110. Ussia, G. P. et al. Quality of life assessment after percutaneous aortic valve implantation. Eur. Heart J. 30, 1790-1796 (2009).
111. Krane, M. et al. Quality of life among patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Am. Heart J. 160, 451-457 (2010).
112. Bagur, R. et al. Performance-based functional assessment of patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Am. Heart J. 161, 726-734 (2011).
113. Bekeredijian, R. et al. Usefulness of percutaneous aortic valve implantation to improve quality of life in patients ≥80 years of age. Am. J. Cardiol. 106, 1777-1781 (2010).
114. Gonçalves, A. et al. Quality of life improvement at midterm follow-up after transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Int. J. Cardiol. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2011.05.050 (2011).
115. Gotzmann, M. et al. One-year results of transcatheter aortic valve implantation in severe symptomatic aortic valve stenosis. Am. J. Cardiol. 107, 1687-1692 (2011).
116. Reynolds, M. R. et al. Health related quality of life after transcatheter aortic valve replacement in inoperable patients with severe aortic stenosis. Circulation 124, 1964-1972 (2011).
117. Gotzmann, M. et al. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with severe symptomatic aortic valve stenosis-predictors of mortality and poor treatment response. Am. Heart J. 162, 238-245 (2011).
118. Tamburino, C. et al. Early and mid term outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with logistic euroscore less than 20%: a comparative analysis between different risk strata. Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ccd.23100 (2011).
119. Leon M. TAVR in lower risk patients: PARTNER II update. Presented at the 2011 Transcatheter Valve Therapeutics meeting.
120. Taylor, J. The time has come for a SYNTAX-like trial for transcatheter aortic valve implantation. Eur. Heart J. 32, 128-129 (2011).
121. US National Library of Medicine. ClinicalTrials.gov Transcatheter Compared to Surgical Valve Implantation in Patients With Severe Aortic Valve Stenosis (TAVIvsSAVR) [online], http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/ NCT01057173?term=NCT01057173&rank=1 (2011).
122. Webb, J. G. et al. Transcatheter valve-in-valve implantation for failed bioprosthetic heart valves. Circulation 27, 1848-1857 (2010).
123. Pasic, M. et al. Transapical aortic valve implantation after previous aortic valve replacement. Clinical proof of the "valve-in-valve" concept. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 142, 270-277 (2011).
124. Gotzmann, M., Mügge, A. & Bojara, W. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation for treatment of patients with degenerated aortic bioprosstheses-valve-in-valve technique. Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. 76, 1000-1006 (2010).
125. Kempfert, J. et al. Transapical off-pump valve-in-valve implantation in patients with degenerated aortic xenografts. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 89, 1934-1941 (2010).
126. Schofer, J. et al. Aortic stenosis: a first-in-man retrograde transarterial implantation of a non-metallic aortic valve prosthesis. Circ. Cardiovasc. Interv. 1, 126-133 (2008).
127. Treede, H. et al. Six-months results of a repositionable and retrievable epicardial valve for transcatheter aortic valve replacement: the Direct Flow Medical aortic valve. J. Thorac. Cardiovasc. Surg. 140, 897-903 (2010).
128. Gaia, D. F. et al. Off-pump transapical balloon-expandable aortic valve endoprosthesis implantation. Rev. Bras. Cir. Cardiovasc. 24, 233-238 (2009).
129. Gaia, D. F. et al. Transapical aortic valve implantation: results of a Brazilian prosthesis. Rev. Bras. Cir. Cardiovasc. 25, 293-302 (2010).
130. Kempfert, J., Rastan, A. J., Mohr, F. W., and Walther, T. A new self-expanding transcatheter aortic valve for transapical implantation-first in man implantation of the JenaValve. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 40, 761-763 (2011).
131. Buellesfeld, L., Gerckens, U. and Grube, E. Percutaneous implantation of the first repositionable aortic valve prosthesis in a patient with severe aortic stenosis. Catheter. Cardiovasc. Interv. 71, 579-584 (2008). (Pubitemid 351550389)
132. Kempfert, J. et al. Transapical aortic valve implantation using a new self-expandable bioprosthesis: initial outcomes. Eur. J. Cardiothorac. Surg. 40, 1114-1119 (2011).
133. Falk, V. et al. New anatomically oriented transapical aortic valve implantation. Ann. Thorac. Surg. 87, 925-926 (2009).
134. Falk, V. et al. Transapical aortic valve implantation with a self-expanding anatomically oriented valve. Eur. Heart J. 32, 878-887 (2011).