메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 13, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 385-400

Acute bacterial meningitis in infants and children: Epidemiology and management

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMPICILLIN; CEFEPIME; CEFOTAXIME; CEFTAZIDIME; CEFTRIAXONE; CEPHALOSPORIN; CHLORAMPHENICOL; CIPROFLOXACIN; CORTICOSTEROID; DAPTOMYCIN; DEXAMETHASONE; GATIFLOXACIN; HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B VACCINE; LINEZOLID; MENINGOCOCCUS VACCINE; MEROPENEM; MOXIFLOXACIN; PNEUMOCOCCUS VACCINE; QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; RIFAMPICIN; VANCOMYCIN;

EID: 80054765318     PISSN: 11745878     EISSN: 11792019     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/11593340-000000000-00000     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (70)

References (189)
  • 1
    • 34247869036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial meningitis: The impact of vaccination
    • DOI 10.2165/00023210-200721050-00001
    • Makwana N, Riordan FAI. Bacterial meningitis: the impact of vaccination. CNS Drugs 2007; 21: 355-66 (Pubitemid 46698501)
    • (2007) CNS Drugs , vol.21 , Issue.5 , pp. 355-366
    • Makwana, N.1    Riordan, F.A.I.2
  • 3
    • 84867209721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Health Organization, Accessed 2011 Feb 18
    • World Health Organization. Meningococcal meningitis [online]. Available from URL : http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs141/en/index.html [Accessed 2011 Feb 18]
    • Meningococcal Meningitis [Online]
  • 4
    • 77951910339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global and regional risk of disabling sequelae from bacterial meningitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Edmond K, Clark A, Korczak VS, et al. Global and regional risk of disabling sequelae from bacterial meningitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2010; 10: 317-28
    • (2010) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.10 , pp. 317-28
    • Edmond, K.1    Clark, A.2    Korczak, V.S.3
  • 5
    • 0027158764 scopus 로고
    • Spectrum of complications during bacterial meningitis in adults: Results of a prospective clinical study
    • Pfister HW, Feiden W, Einhaupl KM. Spectrum of complications during bacterial meningitis in adults: results of a prospective clinical study. Arch Neurol 1993; 50: 575-81 (Pubitemid 23165584)
    • (1993) Archives of Neurology , vol.50 , Issue.6 , pp. 575-581
    • Pfister, H.-W.1    Feiden, W.2    Einhaupl, K.-M.3
  • 7
    • 0025221891 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial meningitis in the United States, 1986: Report of a multistate surveillance study
    • The Bacterial Meningitis Study Group
    • Wenger JD, Hightower AW, Facklam RR, et al. Bacterial meningitis in the United States, 1986: report of a multistate surveillance study. The Bacterial Meningitis Study Group. J Infect Dis 1990; 162: 1316-23
    • (1990) J Infect Dis , vol.162 , pp. 1316-23
    • Wenger, J.D.1    Hightower, A.W.2    Facklam, R.R.3
  • 11
    • 0031689122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of Haemophilus influenzae type b disease and impact of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines in the United States and Canada
    • DOI 10.1097/00006454-199809001-00008
    • Wenger JD. Epidemiology of Haemophilus influenzae type b disease and impact of Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccines in the United States and Canada. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1998; 17 (9 Suppl.): S132-6 (Pubitemid 28460556)
    • (1998) Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal , vol.17 , Issue.9 SUPPL.
    • Wenger, J.D.1
  • 12
    • 0032889629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of a nationwide infant immunization program against Haemophilus influenzae b
    • DOI 10.1016/S0264-410X(98)00165-0, PII S0264410X98001650
    • Dagan R, Fraser D, Roitman M, et al. Effectiveness of a nationwide infant immunization program against Haemophilus influenzae b. The Israeli Pediatric Bacteremia and Meningitis Group. Vaccine 1999; 17: 134-41 (Pubitemid 28494112)
    • (1999) Vaccine , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 134-141
    • Dagan, R.1    Fraser, D.2    Roitman, M.3    Slater, P.4    Anis, E.5    Ashkenazi, S.6    Kassis, I.7    Miron, D.8    Leventhal, A.9
  • 13
    • 0027530899 scopus 로고
    • Decreased Haemophilus colonization in children vaccinated with Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine
    • Murphy TV, Pastor P, Medley F, et al. Decreased Haemophilus colonization in children vaccinated with Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine. J Pediatr 1993; 122: 517-23 (Pubitemid 23093573)
    • (1993) Journal of Pediatrics , vol.122 , Issue.4 , pp. 517-523
    • Murphy, T.V.1    Pastor, P.2    Medley, F.3    Osterholm, M.T.4    Granoff, D.M.5
  • 14
    • 17344364148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vaccination with a Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine reduces oropharyngeal carriage of H. influenzae Type b among Gambian children
    • Adegbola RA, Mulholland EK, Secka O, et al. Vaccination with a Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine reduces oropharyngeal carriage of H. influenzae type b among Gambian children. J Infect Dis 1998; 177: 1758-61 (Pubitemid 28243612)
    • (1998) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.177 , Issue.6 , pp. 1758-1761
    • Adegbola, R.A.1    Kim Mulholland, E.2    Secka, O.3    Jaffar, S.4    Greenwood, B.M.5
  • 15
    • 39149145533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Progress introducing Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine in low-income countries, 2004-2008
    • World Health Organization
    • World Health Organization. Progress introducing Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine in low-income countries, 2004-2008. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 2008; 83: 61-8
    • (2008) Wkly Epidemiol Rec , vol.83 , pp. 61-8
  • 16
    • 34648840499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Introduction of Hib vaccine into national immunization programmes: A descriptive analysis of global trends
    • DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.07.058, PII S0264410X0700895X
    • Rossi IA, Zuber PL, Dumolard L, et al. Introduction of Hib vaccine into national immunization programmes: a descriptive analysis of global trends. Vaccine 2007; 25: 7075-80 (Pubitemid 47464682)
    • (2007) Vaccine , vol.25 , Issue.41 , pp. 7075-7080
    • Rossi, I.A.1    Zuber, P.L.F.2    Dumolard, L.3    Walker, D.G.4    Watt, J.5
  • 17
    • 69949109911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burden of disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b in children younger than 5 years: Global estimates
    • Watt JP, Wolfson LJ, OBrien KL. Burden of disease caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b in children younger than 5 years: global estimates. Lancet 2009; 374: 903-11
    • (2009) Lancet , vol.374 , pp. 903-11
    • Watt, J.P.1    Wolfson, L.J.2    Obrien, K.L.3
  • 18
  • 19
    • 77649108075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease Europe 1996-2006
    • Ladhani S, Slack MP, Heath PT, et al. Invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease, Europe, 1996-2006. Emerg Infect Dis 2010; 16: 455-63
    • (2010) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.16 , pp. 455-63
    • Ladhani, S.1    Slack, M.P.2    Heath, P.T.3
  • 21
    • 33947496957 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for childhood immunization: WHO position paper
    • World Health Organization
    • World Health Organization. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for childhood immunization: WHO position paper. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 2007; 82: 93-104
    • (2007) Wkly Epidemiol Rec , vol.82 , pp. 93-104
  • 22
    • 77951092006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Streptococcus pneumoniae: Epidemiology and risk factors, evolution of antimicrobial resistance, and impact of vaccines
    • Lynch JP, Zhanel GG. Streptococcus pneumoniae: epidemiology and risk factors, evolution of antimicrobial resistance, and impact of vaccines. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2010; 16: 217-25
    • (2010) Curr Opin Pulm Med , vol.16 , pp. 217-25
    • Lynch, J.P.1    Zhanel, G.G.2
  • 23
    • 9744261123 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumococcal vaccines
    • World Health Organization
    • World Health Organization. Pneumococcal vaccines. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 2003; 78: 110-9
    • (2003) Wkly Epidemiol Rec , vol.78 , pp. 110-9
  • 24
    • 69949111769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burden of disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in children younger than 5 years: Global estimates
    • OBrien KL, Wolfson LJ, Watt JP, et al. Burden of disease caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae in children younger than 5 years: global estimates. Lancet 2009; 374: 893-902
    • (2009) Lancet , vol.374 , pp. 893-902
    • Obrien, K.L.1    Wolfson, L.J.2    Watt, J.P.3
  • 26
    • 77950116084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease and X-ray defined pneumonia in children less than two years of age
    • Lucero MG, Dulalia VE, Nillos LT, et al. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines for preventing vaccine-type invasive pneumococcal disease and X-ray defined pneumonia in children less than two years of age. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009; (4): CD004977
    • (2009) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.4
    • Lucero, M.G.1    Dulalia, V.E.2    Nillos, L.T.3
  • 28
    • 71949103062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustained reductions in invasive pneumococcal disease in the era of conjugate vaccine
    • Pilishvili T, Lexau C, Farley MM, et al. Sustained reductions in invasive pneumococcal disease in the era of conjugate vaccine. J Infect Dis 2010; 201: 32-41
    • (2010) J Infect Dis , vol.201 , pp. 32-41
    • Pilishvili, T.1    Lexau, C.2    Farley, M.M.3
  • 29
    • 66249087654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of pneumococcal vaccination in children younger than 24 months: A meta-analysis
    • Pavia M, Bianco A, Nobile CG, et al. Efficacy of pneumococcal vaccination in children younger than 24 months: a meta-analysis. Pediatrics 2009; 123: e1103-10
    • (2009) Pediatrics , vol.123
    • Pavia, M.1    Bianco, A.2    Nobile, C.G.3
  • 30
    • 48749132436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease among White Mountain Apache persons in the era of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
    • Lacapa R, Bliss SJ, Larzelere-Hinton F, et al. Changing epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease among White Mountain Apache persons in the era of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Clin Infect Dis 2008; 47: 476-84
    • (2008) Clin Infect Dis , vol.47 , pp. 476-84
    • Lacapa, R.1    Bliss, S.J.2    Larzelere-Hinton, F.3
  • 33
    • 67349249343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global serotype distribution among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates causing otitis media in children: Potential implications of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines
    • Rodgers GL, Arguedas A, Cohen R, et al. Global serotype distribution among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates causing otitis media in children: potential implications of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. Vaccine 2009; 27: 3802-10
    • (2009) Vaccine , vol.27 , pp. 3802-10
    • Rodgers, G.L.1    Arguedas, A.2    Cohen, R.3
  • 34
    • 68549095936 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National survey of invasive pneumococcal diseases in Taiwan under partial PCV7 vaccination in 2007 emergence of serotype 19A with high invasive potential
    • Hsieh YC, Lin PY, Chiu CH, et al. National survey of invasive pneumococcal diseases in Taiwan under partial PCV7 vaccination in 2007: emergence of serotype 19A with high invasive potential. Vaccine 2009; 27: 3313-8
    • (2009) Vaccine , vol.27 , pp. 3313-3318
    • Hsieh, Y.C.1    Lin, P.Y.2    Chiu, C.H.3
  • 35
    • 67651097472 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive pneumococcal disease among adults: Associations among serotypes, disease characteristics, and outcome
    • Jansen AG, Rodenburg GD, van der Ende A, et al. Invasive pneumococcal disease among adults: associations among serotypes, disease characteristics, and outcome. Clin Infect Dis 2009; 49: e23-9
    • (2009) Clin Infect Dis , vol.49
    • Jansen, A.G.1    Rodenburg, G.D.2    Van Der Ende, A.3
  • 36
    • 65749084470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rethinking replacement and resistance
    • Moore MR. Rethinking replacement and resistance. J Infect Dis 2009; 199: 771-3
    • (2009) J Infect Dis , vol.199 , pp. 771-3
    • Moore, M.R.1
  • 37
    • 79551580116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumococcal meningitis in French children before and after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
    • Levy C, Varon E, Bingen E, et al. Pneumococcal meningitis in French children before and after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2011; 30: 168-70
    • (2011) Pediatr Infect Dis J , vol.30 , pp. 168-70
    • Levy, C.1    Varon, E.2    Bingen, E.3
  • 38
    • 62749179695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • PCR-based quantitation and clonal diversity of the current prevalent invasive serogroup 6 pneumococcal serotype, 6C, in the United States in 1999 and 2006 to 2007
    • Carvalho MDG, Pimenta FC, Gertz Jr RE, et al. PCR-based quantitation and clonal diversity of the current prevalent invasive serogroup 6 pneumococcal serotype, 6C, in the United States in 1999 and 2006 to 2007. J Clin Microbiol 2009; 47: 554-9
    • (2009) J Clin Microbiol , vol.47 , pp. 554-9
    • Carvalho, M.D.G.1    Pimenta, F.C.2    Gertz Jr., R.E.3
  • 40
    • 65549115895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunogenicity of the 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) compared to the licensed 7vCRM vaccine
    • Timo V, Jacek W, Bertrand C. Immunogenicity of the 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) compared to the licensed 7vCRM vaccine. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2009; 28: S66-76
    • (2009) Pediatr Infect Dis J , vol.28
    • Timo, V.1    Jacek, W.2    Bertrand, C.3
  • 41
    • 77949284625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Licensure of a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and recommendations for use among children
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Licensure of a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and recommendations for use among children. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).MMWR 2010 59:9 258-61
    • (2010) Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).MMWR , vol.59 , Issue.9 , pp. 258-61
  • 43
    • 78751605959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A second-generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for prevention of pneumococcal diseases in children
    • Grijalva CG, Pelton SI. A second-generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccine for prevention of pneumococcal diseases in children. Curr Opin Pediatr 2011; 23: 98-104
    • (2011) Curr Opin Pediatr , vol.23 , pp. 98-104
    • Grijalva, C.G.1    Pelton, S.I.2
  • 44
    • 67650435036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-effectiveness of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination in adults: A systematic review of conclusions and assumptions
    • Ogilive I, Khoury AE, Cui Y, et al. Cost-effectiveness of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination in adults: a systematic review of conclusions and assumptions. Vaccine 2009; 27: 4891-904
    • (2009) Vaccine , vol.27 , pp. 4891-904
    • Ogilive, I.1    Khoury, A.E.2    Cui, Y.3
  • 45
    • 63149104710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Streptococcus pneumoniae: Epidemiology, risk factors, and strategies for prevention
    • Lynch III JP, Zhanel GG. Streptococcus pneumoniae: epidemiology, risk factors, and strategies for prevention. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2009; 30: 189-209
    • (2009) Semin Respir Crit Care Med , vol.30 , pp. 189-209
    • Lynch Iii, J.P.1    Zhanel, G.G.2
  • 46
    • 77951158223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of the 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine against invasive pneumococcal disease in people 60 years of older
    • Vila-Corcoles A, Ochoa-Gondar O, Guzman JA, et al. Effectiveness of the 23-valent polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine against invasive pneumococcal disease in people 60 years of older. BMC Infect Dis 2010; 10: 73
    • (2010) BMC Infect Dis , vol.10 , pp. 73
    • Vila-Corcoles, A.1    Ochoa-Gondar, O.2    Guzman, J.A.3
  • 47
    • 33846647401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased antimicrobial resistance among nonvaccine serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the pediatric population after the introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal vaccine in the United States
    • DOI 10.1097/01.inf.0000253059.84602.c3, PII 0000645420070200000005
    • Farrell DJ, Klugman KP, Pichichero M. Increased antimicrobial resistance among nonvaccine serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the pediatric population after the introduction of 7-valent pneumococcal vaccine in the United States. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2007; 26: 123-8 (Pubitemid 46183361)
    • (2007) Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 123-128
    • Farrell, D.J.1    Klugman, K.P.2    Pichichero, M.3
  • 48
    • 56249124952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of pneumococcal vaccines on antibiotic resistance
    • Dagan R, Klugman KP. Impact of pneumococcal vaccines on antibiotic resistance. Lancet Infect Dis 2008; 8: 785-95
    • (2008) Lancet Infect Dis , vol.8 , pp. 785-95
    • Dagan, R.1    Klugman, K.P.2
  • 49
    • 34250795027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemic meningitis, meningococcaemia, and Neisseria meningitidis
    • DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61016-2, PII S0140673607610162
    • Stephens DS, Greenwood B, Brandtzaeg P. Epidemic meningitis, meningococcaemia, and Neisseria meningitidis. Lancet 2007; 369: 2196-210 (Pubitemid 46977462)
    • (2007) Lancet , vol.369 , Issue.9580 , pp. 2196-2210
    • Stephens, D.S.1    Greenwood, B.2    Brandtzaeg, P.3
  • 51
    • 84991235977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention [Accessed 2011 Aug 17]
    • Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention. Meningococcal disease: technical and clinical information [online]. Available from URL: http://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/clinical-info.html [Accessed 2011 Aug 17]
    • Meningococcal Disease: Technical and Clinical Information [Online]
  • 53
    • 33846071231 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conquering the meningococcus
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1574-6976.2006.00051.x
    • Stephens DS. Conquering the meningococcus. FEMS Microbiol Rev 2007; 31: 3-14 (Pubitemid 46058815)
    • (2007) FEMS Microbiology Reviews , vol.31 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-14
    • Stephens, D.S.1
  • 54
    • 84877593169 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The European Union Invasive Bacterial Infections Surveillance Network [Accessed 2011 Feb 21]
    • The European Union Invasive Bacterial Infections Surveillance Network. Invasive meningococcal disease [online]. Available from URL: http://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/Publications/1011-SUR-Annual-Epi demiological-Report-on-Communicable-Diseases-in-Europe.pdf#page= 149 [Accessed 2011 Feb 21]
    • Invasive Meningococcal Disease
  • 55
    • 59249101581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EU-IBIS Network London: Health Protection Agency, 2006 [online] [Accessed 2011 Aug 17]
    • EU-IBIS Network. Invasive Neisseria meningitidis in Europe 2006. London: Health Protection Agency, 2006 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.hpa-bioinformatics.org.uk/euibis/documents/2006-meningo.pdf [Accessed 2011 Aug 17]
    • Invasive Neisseria Meningitidis in Europe 2006
  • 56
    • 77951625637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological profile of meningococcal disease in the United States
    • Harrison LH. Epidemiological profile of meningococcal disease in the United States. Clin Infect Dis 2010; 50: S37-44
    • (2010) Clin Infect Dis , vol.50
    • Harrison, L.H.1
  • 57
    • 33646839796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of vaccine research and development: Meningococcal disease
    • DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.03.034, PII S0264410X06003392
    • Girard MP, Preziosi MP, Aguado MT, et al. A review of vaccine research and development: meningococcal disease. Vaccine 2006; 24: 4692-700 (Pubitemid 43776790)
    • (2006) Vaccine , vol.24 , Issue.22 , pp. 4692-4700
    • Girard, M.P.1    Preziosi, M.-P.2    Aguado, M.-T.3    Kieny, M.P.4
  • 58
    • 23044467137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention and control of meningococcal disease. Recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices (ACIP)
    • Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention
    • Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention. Prevention and control of meningococcal disease. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Recomm Rep 2005; 54: 1-21
    • (2005) MMWR Recomm Rep , vol.54 , pp. 1-21
  • 59
    • 34548719417 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reconsideration of the use of meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine
    • DOI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3180cc2c25, PII 0000645420070800000011
    • Granoff DM, Pollard AJ. Reconsideration of the use of meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2007; 26: 716-22 (Pubitemid 47424642)
    • (2007) Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal , vol.26 , Issue.8 , pp. 716-722
    • Granoff, D.M.1    Pollard, A.J.2
  • 61
    • 35148828105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meningococcal A, C, Y and W-135 polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccines
    • DOI 10.1136/adc.2006.111500
    • Pace D, Pollard AJ. Meningococcal A, C, Y and W-135 polysaccharideprotein conjugate vaccines. Arch Dis Child 2007; 92: 909-15 (Pubitemid 47535456)
    • (2007) Archives of Disease in Childhood , vol.92 , Issue.10 , pp. 909-915
    • Pace, D.1    Pollard, A.J.2
  • 62
    • 43149092693 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP): Decision not to recommend routine vaccination of all children aged 2-10 years with quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV4)
    • Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention
    • Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention. Report from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP): decision not to recommend routine vaccination of all children aged 2-10 years with quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV4). MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2008: 57 462-5
    • (2008) MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.57 , pp. 462-5
  • 63
    • 80054765147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meningitis A conjugate vaccine
    • World Health Organization
    • World Health Organization. Meningitis A conjugate vaccine. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 2011; 86: 42-3
    • (2011) Wkly Epidemiol Rec , vol.86 , pp. 42-3
  • 65
    • 0019451644 scopus 로고
    • Immunochemistry of groups A, B, and C meningococcal polysaccharide- tetanus toxoid conjugates
    • Jennings HJ, Lugowski C. Immunochemistry of groups A, B and C meningococcal polysaccharide- tetanus toxoid conjugates. J Immunol 1981; 127: 1011-8 (Pubitemid 11051148)
    • (1981) Journal of Immunology , vol.127 , Issue.3 , pp. 1011-1018
    • Jennings, H.J.1    Lugowski, C.2
  • 66
    • 77951646506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review of meningococcal group B vaccines
    • Granoff DM. Review of meningococcal group B vaccines. Clin Infect Dis 2010; 50: S54-65
    • (2010) Clin Infect Dis , vol.50
    • Granoff, D.M.1
  • 67
    • 67349114815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Properties and clinical performance of vaccines containing outer membrane vesicles from Neisseria meningitides
    • Holst J, Martin D, Arnold R, et al. Properties and clinical performance of vaccines containing outer membrane vesicles from Neisseria meningitidis. Vaccine 2009; 27 Suppl. 2: B3-12
    • (2009) Vaccine , vol.27 , Issue.SUPPL. 2
    • Holst, J.1    Martin, D.2    Arnold, R.3
  • 68
    • 33947730449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety review: Two outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines against systemic Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B disease
    • DOI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.01.022, PII S0264410X0700045X
    • Nokleby H, Aavitsland P, OHallahan J, et al. Safety review: two outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines against systemic Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B disease. Vaccine 2007; 25: 3080-4 (Pubitemid 46505045)
    • (2007) Vaccine , vol.25 , Issue.16 SPEC. ISS. , pp. 3080-3084
    • Nokleby, H.1    Aavitsland, P.2    O'Hallahan, J.3    Feiring, B.4    Tilman, S.5    Oster, P.6
  • 69
    • 34548736093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective study of the effectiveness of the New Zealand meningococcal B vaccine
    • DOI 10.1093/aje/kwm147
    • Kelly C, Arnold R, Galloway Y, et al. A prospective study of the effectiveness of the New Zealand meningococcal B vaccine. Am J Epidemiol 2007; 166: 817-23 (Pubitemid 47428901)
    • (2007) American Journal of Epidemiology , vol.166 , Issue.7 , pp. 817-823
    • Kelly, C.1    Arnold, R.2    Galloway, Y.3    O'Hallahan, J.4
  • 70
    • 64349110788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of an observational cohort study to estimate the effectiveness of the New Zealand group B me-ningococcal vaccine in children aged under 5 years
    • Galloway Y, Stehr-Green P, McNicholas A, et al. Use of an observational cohort study to estimate the effectiveness of the New Zealand group B me-ningococcal vaccine in children aged under 5 years. Int J Epidemiol 2009; 38: 413-8
    • (2009) Int J Epidemiol , vol.38 , pp. 413-8
    • Galloway, Y.1    Stehr-Green, P.2    McNicholas, A.3
  • 71
    • 0033831758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B serosubtypes and serotypes circulating in the United States
    • The Active Bacterial Surveillance Team
    • Tondella ML, Popovic T, Rosenstein NE, et al. Distribution of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B serosubtypes and serotypes circulating in the United States. The Active Bacterial Surveillance Team. J Clin Microbiol 2000; 38: 323-8
    • (2000) J Clin Microbiol , vol.38 , pp. 323-8
    • Tondella, M.L.1    Popovic, T.2    Rosenstein, N.E.3
  • 72
    • 0034629284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of vaccine candidates against serogroup B meningococcus by whole-genome sequencing
    • Pizza M, Scarlato V, Masignani V, et al. Identification of vaccine candidates against serogroup B meningococcus by whole-genome sequencing. Science 2000; 287: 1816-20
    • (2000) Science , vol.287 , pp. 1816-20
    • Pizza, M.1    Scarlato, V.2    Masignani, V.3
  • 73
    • 68049147003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Developmental biology of the innate immune response: Implications for neonatal and infant vaccine development
    • Philbin VJ, Levy O. Developmental biology of the innate immune response: implications for neonatal and infant vaccine development. Pediatr Res 2009; 65: 98-105R
    • (2009) Pediatr Res , vol.65
    • Philbin, V.J.1    Levy, O.2
  • 74
    • 0023920529 scopus 로고
    • Host defence to bacterial infection in the neonate
    • Fleer A, Gerards LJ, Verhoef J. Host defence to bacterial infection in the neonate. J Hosp Infect 1988; 11: 320-7
    • (1988) J Hosp Infect , vol.11 , pp. 320-7
    • Fleer, A.1    Gerards, L.J.2    Verhoef, J.3
  • 75
    • 0032983361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial meningitis in the newborn: A prospective study of mortality and morbidity
    • DOI 10.1016/S0146-0005(99)80066-4
    • Harvey D, Holt D, Bedford H. Bacterial meningitis in the newborn: a prospective study of mortality and morbidity. Semin Perin 1999; 23: 218-25 (Pubitemid 29295802)
    • (1999) Seminars in Perinatology , vol.23 , Issue.3 , pp. 218-225
    • Harvey, D.1    Holt, D.E.2    Bedford, H.3
  • 76
    • 58949103422 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burden of neonatal infections in developing countries: A review of evidence from community-based studies
    • Thaver D, Zaidi AK. Burden of neonatal infections in developing countries: a review of evidence from community-based studies. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2009; 28 Suppl. 1: S3-9
    • (2009) Pediatr Infect Dis J , vol.28 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Thaver, D.1    Zaidi, A.K.2
  • 77
    • 25144465574 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early-onset group B streptococcal disease in the era of maternal screening
    • DOI 10.1542/peds.2004-2275
    • Puopolo KM, Madoff LC, Eichenwald EC. Early onset group B streptococcal disease in the era of maternal screening. Pediatrics 2005; 115: 1240-6 (Pubitemid 43843226)
    • (2005) Pediatrics , vol.115 , Issue.5 , pp. 1240-1246
    • Puopolo, K.M.1    Madoff, L.C.2    Eichenwald, E.C.3
  • 79
    • 0033842364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting the outcome of neonatal bacterial meningitis
    • Klinger G, Chin CN, Beyene J, et al. Predicting the outcome of neonatal bacterial meningitis. Pediatrics 2000 Sep; 106: 477-82 (Pubitemid 30664131)
    • (2000) Pediatrics , vol.106 , Issue.3 , pp. 477-482
    • Klinger, G.1    Chin, C.-N.2    Beyene, J.3    Perlman, M.4
  • 80
    • 58949084203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogens associated with sepsis in newborns and young infants in developing countries
    • Zaidi AK, Thaver D, Ali SA, et al. Pathogens associated with sepsis in newborns and young infants in developing countries. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2009; 28 Suppl. 1: S10-8
    • (2009) Pediatr Infect Dis J , vol.28 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Zaidi, A.K.1    Thaver, D.2    Ali, S.A.3
  • 81
    • 60549100888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in perinatal group B streptococcal disease: United States 2000-2006
    • Centers of Disease Control and Prevention Feb
    • Centers of Disease Control and Prevention. Trends in perinatal group B streptococcal disease: United States 2000-2006. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2009 Feb; 58: 109-12
    • (2009) Morb Mortal Wkly Rep , vol.58 , pp. 109-12
  • 82
    • 56149120952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Group B streptococcal conjugate vaccine: A timely concept for which time has come
    • Edwards MS. Group B streptococcal conjugate vaccine: a timely concept for which time has come. Hum Vaccine 2008; 4: 444-8
    • (2008) Hum Vaccine , vol.4 , pp. 444-8
    • Edwards, M.S.1
  • 83
    • 84867198041 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Health Protection Agency [Accessed 2011 Feb 21]
    • Health Protection Agency. NOIDS final MIDI report for 2009 [online]. Available from URL: http://www.hpa.org.uk/web/HPAwebFile/HPAweb-C/1281952671504 [Accessed 2011 Feb 21]
    • NOIDS Final MIDI Report for 2009
  • 84
    • 84867222546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • World Health Organization [Accessed 2011 Feb 21]
    • World Health Organization. Tuberculosis [online]. Available from URL: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs104/en/index.html [Accessed 2011 Feb 21]
    • Tuberculosis [Online]
  • 85
    • 72949094401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increase in extrapulmonary tuberculosis in England and Wales 1999-2006
    • Krujishaar ME, Abubakar I. Increase in extrapulmonary tuberculosis in England and Wales 1999-2006. Thorax 2009; 64: 1090-5
    • (2009) Thorax , vol.64 , pp. 1090-1095
    • Krujishaar, M.E.1    Abubakar, I.2
  • 86
    • 72849110448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in the United States, 1993-2006
    • Peto HM, Pratt RH, Harrington TA, et al. Epidemiology of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in the United States, 1993-2006. Clin Infect Dis 2009 Nov; 49: 1350-7
    • Clin Infect Dis 2009 Nov , vol.49 , pp. 1350-7
    • Peto, H.M.1    Pratt, R.H.2    Harrington, T.A.3
  • 87
    • 12944326295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological differences among pneumococcal serotypes
    • DOI 10.1016/S1473-3099(05)01280-6, PII S1473309905012806
    • Hausdorff WP, Feikin DR, Klugman KP. Epidemiological differences among pneumococcal serotypes. Lancet Infect Dis 2005; 5: 83-93 (Pubitemid 40174779)
    • (2005) Lancet Infectious Diseases , vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp. 83-93
    • Hausdorff, W.P.1    Feikin, D.R.2    Klugman, K.P.3
  • 88
    • 6944250356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial meningitis: A view of the past 90 years
    • Swartz MN. Bacterial meningitis: a view of the past 90 years. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 8126-8
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , pp. 8126-8
    • Swartz, M.N.1
  • 90
    • 17044414100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Delays in the administration of antibiotics are associated with mortality from adult acute bacterial meningitis
    • Proulx N, Frechette D, Toye B, et al. Delays in the administration of antibiotics are associated with mortality from adult acute bacterial meningitis. QJM 2005; 98: 291-8
    • (2005) QJM , vol.98 , pp. 291-8
    • Proulx, N.1    Frechette, D.2    Toye, B.3
  • 91
    • 0035213049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presentation, time to antibiotics, and mortality of patients with bacterial meningitis at an urban county medical center
    • DOI 10.1016/S0736-4679(01)00407-3, PII S0736467901004073
    • Miner JR, Heegaard W, Mapes A, et al. Presentation, time to antibiotics, and mortality of patients with bacterial meningitis at an urban county medical center. J Emerg Med 2001; 21: 387-92 (Pubitemid 33122102)
    • (2001) Journal of Emergency Medicine , vol.21 , Issue.4 , pp. 387-392
    • Miner, J.R.1    Heegaard, W.2    Mapes, A.3    Biros, M.4
  • 92
    • 77954616695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of bacterial meningitis and meningococcal septicaemia in children and young people: Summary of NICE guidance
    • Visintin C, Mugglestone MA, Fields EJ, et al. Management of bacterial meningitis and meningococcal septicaemia in children and young people: summary of NICE guidance. BMJ 2010; 341: 92-8
    • (2010) BMJ , vol.341 , pp. 92-8
    • Visintin, C.1    Mugglestone, M.A.2    Fields, E.J.3
  • 94
    • 72149117409 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute bacterial meningitis in infants and children
    • Kim KS. Acute bacterial meningitis in infants and children. Lancet 2010; 10: 32-42
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.10 , pp. 32-42
    • Kim, K.S.1
  • 95
    • 65349193043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid detection of eight causative pathogens for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis by real-time PCR
    • Chiba N, Murayama SY, Morozumi M, et al. Rapid detection of eight causative pathogens for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis by real-time PCR. J Infect Chemother 2009; 15: 92-8
    • (2009) J Infect Chemother , vol.15 , pp. 92-8
    • Chiba, N.1    Murayama, S.Y.2    Morozumi, M.3
  • 96
    • 55849092851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial meningitis: Rapid diagnosis and microbial profile: A multicentered study
    • Shameem S, Vinod Kumar CS, Neelagund YF. Bacterial meningitis: rapid diagnosis and microbial profile: a multicentered study. J Commun Dis 2008; 40: 111-20
    • (2008) J Commun Dis , vol.40 , pp. 111-20
    • Shameem, S.1    Vinod Kumar, C.S.2    Neelagund, Y.F.3
  • 97
    • 0017293334 scopus 로고
    • Concentrations of bacteria in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with bacterial meningitis
    • Feldman WE. Concentrations of bacteria in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with bacterial meningitis. J Pediatr 1976; 88: 549-52
    • (1976) J Pediatr , vol.88 , pp. 549-52
    • Feldman, W.E.1
  • 98
    • 0020084070 scopus 로고
    • Complement-mediated opsonic activity in normal and infected human cerebrospinal fluid: Early response during bacterial meningitis
    • Zwahlen A, Nydegger UE, Vaudaux P, et al. Complement-mediated opsonic activity in normal and infected human cerebrospinal fluid: early response during bacterial meningitis. J Infect Dis 1982; 145: 635-46 (Pubitemid 12116449)
    • (1982) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.145 , Issue.5 , pp. 635-646
    • Zwahlen, A.1    Nydegger, U.E.2    Vaudaux, P.3
  • 100
    • 0018185144 scopus 로고
    • Cephalosporin antibiotics in therapy of experimental Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in rabbits
    • Sande MA, Sherertz RJ, Zak O, et al. Cephalosporin antibiotics in the therapy of experimental Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in rabbits. J Infect 1978; 137: S161-8 (Pubitemid 8344155)
    • (1978) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.137 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Sande, M.A.1    Sherertz, R.J.2    Zak, O.3    Strausbaugh, L.J.4
  • 101
    • 0019420974 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and bacteriologic efficacy of moxalactam, cefotaxime, cefoperazone, and rocephin in experimental bacterial meningitis
    • Schaad UB, McCracken Jr GH, Loock CA, et al. Pharmacokinetics and bacteriological efficacy of moxalactam, cefotaxime cefoperazone and rocephin in experimental bacterial meningitis. J Infect Dis 1981; 143: 156-63 (Pubitemid 11147838)
    • (1981) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.143 , Issue.2 , pp. 156-163
    • Schaad, U.B.1    McCracken Jr., G.H.2    Loock, C.A.3    Thomas, M.L.4
  • 103
    • 0032770616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antibiotics in meningitis
    • DOI 10.1016/S0891-5520(05)70096-9
    • Andes DR, Craig WA. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of antibiotics in meningitis. Infect Dis Clin North Am 1999; 13: 595-618 (Pubitemid 29398576)
    • (1999) Infectious Disease Clinics of North America , vol.13 , Issue.3 , pp. 595-618
    • Andes, D.R.1    Craig, W.A.2
  • 104
    • 4043150067 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial agents in the treatment of bacterial meningitis
    • DOI 10.1016/j.idc.2004.04.005, PII S0891552004000698
    • Sinner SW, Tunkel AR. Antimicrobial agents in the treatment of bacterial meningitis. Infect Dis Clin North Am 2004; 18: 581-602 (Pubitemid 39078730)
    • (2004) Infectious Disease Clinics of North America , vol.18 , Issue.3 , pp. 581-602
    • Sinner, S.W.1    Tunkel, A.R.2
  • 105
    • 0022553324 scopus 로고
    • Morphologic alterations of the blood-brain barrier with experimental meningitis in the rat. Temporal sequence and role of encapsulation
    • Quagliarello VJ, Long WJ, Scheld WM. Morphologic alterations of the blood-brain barrier with experimental meningitis in the rat: temporal sequence and role of encapsulation. J Clin Invest 1986; 77: 1084-95 (Pubitemid 16047126)
    • (1986) Journal of Clinical Investigation , vol.77 , Issue.4 , pp. 1084-1095
    • Quagliarello, V.J.1    Long, W.J.2    Scheld, W.M.3
  • 106
    • 0025916339 scopus 로고
    • Ultrastructural localization of albumin transport across the cerebral microvasculature during experimental meningitis in the rat
    • Quagliarello VJ, Ma A, Stukenbrok H, et al. Ultrastructural localization of albumin transport across the cerebral microvasculature during experimental meningitis in the rat. J Exp Med 1991; 174: 657-72
    • (1991) J Exp Med , vol.174 , pp. 657-72
    • Quagliarello, V.J.1    Ma, A.2    Stukenbrok, H.3
  • 107
    • 0022622973 scopus 로고
    • Influence of body temperature on bacterial growth rates in experimental pneumococcal meningitis in rabbits
    • Small PM, Tauber MG, Hackbarth CJ, et al. Influence of body temperature on bacterial growth rates in experimental pneumococcal meningitis in rabbits. Infect Immun 1986; 52: 484-7 (Pubitemid 16117804)
    • (1986) Infection and Immunity , vol.52 , Issue.2 , pp. 484-487
    • Small, P.M.1    Tauber, M.G.2    Hackbarth, C.J.3    Sande, M.A.4
  • 109
    • 33748096111 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome of 8-hour dosing intervals with beta-lactam antibiotics in adult acute bacterial meningitis
    • DOI 10.1080/00365540600643229, PII K21271T637N50WG8
    • Brink M, Harberg L. Outcome of 8-hour dosing intervals with beta-lactam antibiotics in adult acute bacterial meningitis. Scand J Infect Dis 2006; 38: 772-7 (Pubitemid 44304966)
    • (2006) Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.38 , Issue.9 , pp. 772-777
    • Brink, M.1    Hagberg, L.2
  • 110
    • 0001291428 scopus 로고
    • A resistant pneumococcus
    • Hansman D, Bullen MM. A resistant pneumococcus. Lancet 1967; 2: 264-5
    • (1967) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 264-5
    • Hansman, D.1    Bullen, M.M.2
  • 111
    • 0024995124 scopus 로고
    • Pneumococcal resistance to antibiotics
    • Klugman KP. Pneumococcal resistance to antibiotics. Clin Microbiol Rev 1990; 3: 171-96
    • (1990) Clin Microbiol Rev , vol.3 , pp. 171-96
    • Klugman, K.P.1
  • 112
    • 0029609184 scopus 로고
    • Consensus: Management of infections in children caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae with decreased susceptibility to penicillin
    • Bradley JS, Kaplan SL, Klugman KP, et al. Consensus: management of infections in children caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae with decreased susceptibility to penicillin. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1995; 14: 1037-41 (Pubitemid 26008453)
    • (1995) Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal , vol.14 , Issue.12 , pp. 1037-1041
    • Bradley, J.S.1    Kaplan, S.L.2    Klugman, K.P.3    Leggiadro, R.J.4
  • 113
    • 0029311755 scopus 로고
    • Pneumococcal resistance to b-lactam antibiotics: A global geographic overview
    • Baquero F. Pneumococcal resistance to b-lactam antibiotics: a global geographic overview. Microb Drug Resist 1995; 1 (2): 115-20
    • (1995) Microb Drug Resist , vol.1 , Issue.2 , pp. 115-20
    • Baquero, F.1
  • 114
    • 4244038676 scopus 로고
    • National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, 1994 Fifth informational supplement, M100-S5; 14 (16). National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Villanova (PA): The Committee
    • National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, 1994. Performance standards for antimicrobial testing. Fifth informational supplement, M100-S5; 14 (16). National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Villanova (PA): The Committee, 1994
    • (1994) Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Testing
  • 115
    • 0025976062 scopus 로고
    • Extremely high incidence of antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Hungary
    • Marton A, Gulyas M, Muñoz R, et al. Extremely high incidence of antibiotic resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Hungary. J Infect Dis 1991; 163: 524-48
    • (1991) J Infect Dis , vol.163 , pp. 524-48
    • Marton, A.1    Gulyas, M.2    Muñoz, R.3
  • 116
    • 0031724709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes and antibiotic resistance in Spain: Update (1990-1996)
    • Fenoll AI, Jado D, Vicioso A, et al. Evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes and antibiotic resistance in Spain: update (1990-1996). J Clin Microbiol 1998; 36: 3447-54
    • (1998) J Clin Microbiol , vol.36 , pp. 3447-54
    • Fenoll, A.I.1    Jado, D.2    Vicioso, A.3
  • 117
    • 0029119797 scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Atlanta
    • Hoffman J, Cetron MS, Farley MM, et al. The prevalence of drug resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in Atlanta. N Engl J Med 1995; 333: 481-6
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.333 , pp. 481-6
    • Hoffman, J.1    Cetron, M.S.2    Farley, M.M.3
  • 119
    • 0032880477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The three major Spanish clones of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae are the most common clones recovered in recent cases of meningitis in Spain
    • Enright MC, Fenoll A, Griffiths D, et al. The three major Spanish clones of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae are the most common clones recovered in recent cases of meningitis in Spain. J Clin Microbiol 1999; 37: 3210-6 (Pubitemid 29455207)
    • (1999) Journal of Clinical Microbiology , vol.37 , Issue.10 , pp. 3210-3216
    • Enright, M.C.1    Fenoll, A.2    Griffiths, D.3    Spratt, B.G.4
  • 120
    • 0028118473 scopus 로고
    • Treatment failure with use of a third-generation cephalosporin for penicillin-resistant pneumococcal meningitis: Case report and review
    • John CC. Treatment failure with use of a third generation cephalosporin for penicillin-resistant pneumococcal meningitis: case report and review. Clin Infect Dis 1994; 18: 188-93 (Pubitemid 24055257)
    • (1994) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.18 , Issue.2 , pp. 188-193
    • John, C.C.1
  • 121
    • 0029151009 scopus 로고
    • Resistance to penicillin and cephalosporin and mortality from severe pneumococcal pneumonia in Barcelona Spain
    • Pallares R, Liñares J, Vadillo M, et al. Resistance to penicillin and cephalosporin and mortality from severe pneumococcal pneumonia in Barcelona, Spain. N Engl J Med 1995; 333: 474-80
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.333 , pp. 474-80
    • Pallares, R.1    Liñares, J.2    Vadillo, M.3
  • 124
    • 0028358147 scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic therapy and acute outcome of meningitis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae considered intermediately susceptible to broad-spectrum cephalosporins
    • Tan TQ, Schutze GE, Mason EO, et al. Antibiotic therapy and acute outcome of meningitis due to Streptococcus pneumoniae considered intermediately susceptible to broad-spectrum cephalosporins. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1994; 38: 918-23 (Pubitemid 24150815)
    • (1994) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.38 , Issue.5 , pp. 918-923
    • Tan, T.Q.1    Schutze, G.E.2    Mason Jr., E.O.3    Kaplan, S.L.4
  • 125
    • 0029151801 scopus 로고
    • Bactericidal activity against cephalosporin- resistant streptococcus pneumoniae in cerebrospinal fluid of children with acute bacterial meningitis
    • Klugman KP, Friedland IR, Bradley JS. Bactericidal activity against cephalosporin- resistant streptococcus pneumoniae in cerebrospinal fluid of children with acute bacterial meningitis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995; 39: 1988-92
    • (1995) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.39 , pp. 1988-92
    • Klugman, K.P.1    Friedland, I.R.2    Bradley, J.S.3
  • 127
    • 0033958626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation and characterization of vancomycin-tolerant Streptococcus pneumoniae from the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient who developed recrudescent meningitis
    • DOI 10.1086/315216
    • McCullers JA, English BK, Novak R. Isolation and characterization of vancomycin-tolerant Streptococcus pneumoniae from the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient who developed recrudescent meningitis. J Infect Dis 2000; 181: 369-73 (Pubitemid 30049073)
    • (2000) Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.181 , Issue.1 , pp. 369-373
    • McCullers, J.A.1    English, B.K.2    Novak, R.3
  • 128
    • 0025932396 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of vancomycin for therapy of adult pneumococcal meningitis
    • Viladrich PF, Guidol F, Liñares J, et al. Evaluation of vancomycin for therapy of adult pneumococcal meningitis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1991; 35: 2467-72
    • (1991) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.35 , pp. 2467-72
    • Viladrich, P.F.1    Guidol, F.2    Liñares, J.3
  • 132
    • 0029112741 scopus 로고
    • Management of meningitis caused by penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae
    • Paris MM, Ramilo O, McCracken Jr GH. Management of meningitis caused by penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995; 39: 2171-5
    • (1995) Antimicrob Agents Chemother , vol.39 , pp. 2171-5
    • Paris, M.M.1    Ramilo, O.2    McCracken Jr., G.H.3
  • 133
    • 61949214875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of serotype of Streptococcus pneumoniae with risk of severe and fatal outcome
    • Ruckinger S, von Kries R, Siedler A, et al. Association of serotype of Streptococcus pneumoniae with risk of severe and fatal outcome. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2009; 28: 118-22
    • (2009) Pediatr Infect Dis J , vol.28 , pp. 118-22
    • Ruckinger, S.1    Von Kries, R.2    Siedler, A.3
  • 134
    • 33646250182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increase in numbers of beta-lactam-resistant invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae in Brazil and the impact of conjugate vaccine coverage
    • Brandileone MC, Casagrande ST, Guerra ML, et al. Increase in numbers of beta-lactam-resistant invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae in Brazil and the impact of conjugate vaccine coverage. J Med Microbiol 2006; 55: 567-74
    • (2006) J Med Microbiol , vol.55 , pp. 567-74
    • Brandileone, M.C.1    Casagrande, S.T.2    Guerra, M.L.3
  • 136
    • 0023178242 scopus 로고
    • Neisseria meningitidis strains with decreased susceptibility to penicillin
    • Van Esso D, Fontanals D, Uriz S, et al. Neisseria meningitidis strains with decreased susceptibility to penicillin. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1987; 6: 438-9 (Pubitemid 17072083)
    • (1987) Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal , vol.6 , Issue.5 , pp. 438-439
    • Van Esso, D.1    Fontanals, D.2    Uriz, S.3
  • 137
    • 0031216261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moderate resistance to penicillin in Neisseria meningitidis
    • Saez Nieto JA, Vazquez JA. Moderate resistance to penicillin in Neisseria meningitidis. Microbiologia 1997; 13: 337-42
    • (1997) Microbiologia , vol.13 , pp. 337-42
    • Saez Nieto, J.A.1    Vazquez, J.A.2
  • 138
    • 0025269913 scopus 로고
    • Meningococci with reduced susceptibility to penicillin
    • Jones DM, Sutcliffe EM. Meningococci with reduced susceptibility to penicillin. Lancet 1990; 335: 863-4 (Pubitemid 20113777)
    • (1990) Lancet , vol.335 , Issue.8693 , pp. 863-864
    • Jones, D.M.1    Sutcliffe, E.M.2
  • 144
    • 0030850898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rifampicin resistance in Neisseria meningitidis: Evidence from a study of sibling strains, description of new mutations and notes on population genetics
    • DOI 10.1093/jac/39.6.747
    • Nolte O. Rifampicin resistance in Neisseria meningitidis: evidence from a study of sibling strains: description of new mutations and notes on population genetics. J Antimicrob Chemother 1997; 39: 747-55 (Pubitemid 27296415)
    • (1997) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy , vol.39 , Issue.6 , pp. 747-755
    • Nolte, O.1
  • 146
    • 0035131189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rifampicin-resistant meningococci causing invasive disease: Detection of point mutations in the rpoB gene and molecular characterization of the strains
    • Stefanelli P, Fazio C, La Rosa G, et al. Rifampicin-resistant meningococci causing invasive disease: detection of point mutations in the rpoB gene and molecular characterization of the strains. J Antimicrob Chemother 2001; 47: 219-22 (Pubitemid 32149533)
    • (2001) Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy , vol.47 , Issue.2 , pp. 219-222
    • Stefanelli, P.1    Fazio, C.2    La Rosa, G.3    Marianelli, C.4    Muscillo, M.5    Mastrantonio, P.6
  • 147
    • 0026643179 scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic sensitivities of Neisseria meningitidis isolates from patients and carriers in Greece
    • Tzanakaki G, Blackwell CC, Kremastinou J, et al. Antibiotic sensitivities of Neisseria meningitidis isolates from patients and carriers in Greece. Epidemiol Infect 1992; 108: 449-55
    • (1992) Epidemiol Infect , vol.108 , pp. 449-55
    • Tzanakaki, G.1    Blackwell, C.C.2    Kremastinou, J.3
  • 148
    • 0034017515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical features, laboratory findings and management of meningococcal meningitis in England and Wales: Report of a 1997 survey
    • DOI 10.1053/jinf.1999.0595
    • Raghunathan L, Ramsay M, Borrow R, et al. Clinical features, laboratory findings and management of meningococcal meningitis in England and Wales: report of a 1997 survey. Meningococcal meningitis: 1997 survey report. J Infect 2000; 40: 74-9 (Pubitemid 30157778)
    • (2000) Journal of Infection , vol.40 , Issue.1 , pp. 74-79
    • Ragunathan, L.1    Ramsay, M.2    Borrow, R.3    Guiver, M.4    Gray, S.5    Kaczmarski, E.B.6
  • 151
    • 0026465001 scopus 로고
    • Chloramphenicol-resistant Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in young urban Nigerian children
    • Johnson AW, Mokuolu OA, Onile BA. Chloramphenicol-resistant Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in young urban Nigerian children. Acta Pediatr 1992; 81: 941-3
    • (1992) Acta Pediatr , vol.81 , pp. 941-3
    • Johnson, A.W.1    Mokuolu, O.A.2    Onile, B.A.3
  • 153
    • 0033808045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time-kill studies of antimicrobial combinations including ceftriaxone, vancomycin and meropenem against cephalosporin streptococcus pneumoniae
    • Kim BN, Woo JH, Kim YS, et al. Time-kill studies of antimicrobial combinations including ceftriaxone, vancomycin and meropenem against cephalosporin streptococcus pneumoniae. Chemotherapy 2000; 46: 303-8
    • (2000) Chemotherapy , vol.46 , pp. 303-8
    • Kim, B.N.1    Woo, J.H.2    Kim, Y.S.3
  • 154
    • 59249106222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommendations for the prevention of secondary Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease
    • Ladhani S, Neely F, Heath PT, et al. Recommendations for the prevention of secondary Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) disease. J Infect 2010; 58: 3-14
    • (2010) J Infect , vol.58 , pp. 3-14
    • Ladhani, S.1    Neely, F.2    Heath, P.T.3
  • 155
    • 42449154698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meropenem: A review of its use in the treatment of serious bacterial infections
    • DOI 10.2165/00003495-200868060-00006
    • Baldwin CM, Lyseng-Williamson KA, Keam J. Meropenem: a review of its use in the treatment of serious bacterial infections. Drugs 2008; 68: 803-38 (Pubitemid 351559562)
    • (2008) Drugs , vol.68 , Issue.6 , pp. 803-838
    • Baldwin, C.M.1    Lyseng-Williamson, K.A.2    Keam, S.J.3
  • 157
    • 0036872317 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumococcal susceptibility to meropenem in a mid-South children's hospital
    • Buckingham SC, Davis Y, English BK. Pneumococcal susceptibility to meropenem in a mid-south childrens hospital. South Med J 2002; 95: 1293-6 (Pubitemid 36109339)
    • (2002) Southern Medical Journal , vol.95 , Issue.11 , pp. 1293-1296
    • Buckingham, S.C.1    Davis, Y.2    English, B.K.3
  • 159
    • 34547626646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the probability of target attainment between ceftriaxone and cefepime in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum against Streptococcus pneumoniae
    • DOI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2007.03.015, PII S0732889307001472
    • Lodise Jr TP, Nau R, Kinzig M, et al. Comparison of the probability of target attainment between ceftriaxone and cefepime in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum against Streptococcus pneumoniae. DiagnMicrobiol Infect Dis 2007; 58: 445-52 (Pubitemid 47202025)
    • (2007) Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease , vol.58 , Issue.4 , pp. 445-452
    • Lodise Jr., T.P.1    Nau, R.2    Kinzig, M.3    Jones, R.N.4    Drusano, G.L.5    Sorgel, F.6
  • 163
    • 24044450808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rifampicin + ceftriaxone versus vancomycin + ceftriaxone in the treatment of penicillin- and cephalosporin-resistant pneumococcal meningitis in an experimental rabbit model
    • DOI 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2005.06.010, PII S0924857905001731
    • Suntur BM, Yurtseven T, Sipahi OR, et al. Rifampicin + ceftriaxone versus vanocmycin + ceftriaxone in the treatment of penicillin- and cephalosporinresistant pneumococcal meningitis in an experimental rabbit model. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2005; 26: 258-60 (Pubitemid 41219614)
    • (2005) International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents , vol.26 , Issue.3 , pp. 258-260
    • Suntur, B.M.1    Yurtseven, T.2    Sipahi, O.R.3    Buke, C.4    Buke, M.5
  • 164
    • 33644757782 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combined treatment with ceftriaxone and linezolid of pneumococcal meningitis: A case series including penicillin-resistant strains
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2006.01352.x
    • Faella F, Pagliano P, Fusco U, et al. Combined treatment with ceftriaxone and linezolid of pneumococcal meningitis: a case series including penicillinresistant strains. Clin Microbiol Infect 2006; 12: 391-4 (Pubitemid 43337531)
    • (2006) Clinical Microbiology and Infection , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 391-394
    • Faella, F.1    Pagliano, P.2    Fusco, U.3    Attanasio, V.4    Conte, M.5
  • 166
    • 0027122363 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial meningitis: Pathogenesis, pathophysiology and progress
    • Quagliarello V, Scheld WM. Bacterial meningitis: pathogenesis, pathophysiology and progress. N Engl J Med 1992; 327: 864-72
    • (1992) N Engl J Med , vol.327 , pp. 864-72
    • Quagliarello, V.1    Scheld, W.M.2
  • 167
    • 0024358178 scopus 로고
    • Local production of tumor necrosis factor α, interleukin 1, and interleukin 6 in meningococcal meningitis. Relation to the inflammatory response
    • DOI 10.1084/jem.170.6.1859
    • Waage A, Halstensen A, Shalaby R, et al. Local production of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1 and interleukin 6 in meningococcal meningitis: relation to the inflammatory response. J Exp Med 1989; 170: 1859-67 (Pubitemid 20010069)
    • (1989) Journal of Experimental Medicine , vol.170 , Issue.6 , pp. 1859-1867
    • Waage, A.1    Halstensen, A.2    Shalaby, R.3    Brandtzaeg, P.4    Kierulf, P.5    Espevik, T.6
  • 168
    • 0029058650 scopus 로고
    • High Levels of interleukin 10 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in cerebrospinal fluid during the onset of bacterial meningitis
    • van Furth AM, Seijmonsbergen EM, Langermans JAM, et al. High Levels of interleukin 10 and tumor necrosis factor alpha in cerebrospinal fluid during the onset of bacterial meningitis. Clin Infect Dis 1995; 21: 220-2
    • (1995) Clin Infect Dis , vol.21 , pp. 220-2
    • Van Furth, A.M.1    Seijmonsbergen, E.M.2    Langermans, J.A.M.3
  • 170
    • 0025349745 scopus 로고
    • Molecular pathophysiology of bacterial meningitis: Current concepts and therapeutic implications
    • DOI 10.1016/S0022-3476(05)82647-2
    • Saex-Llorens X, Ramilo O, Mustafa MM, et al. Molecular pathophysiology of bacterial meningitis: current concepts and therapeutic implications. J Pediatr 1990; 116: 671-84 (Pubitemid 20162813)
    • (1990) Journal of Pediatrics , vol.116 , Issue.5 , pp. 671-684
    • Saez-Llorens, X.1    Ramilo, O.2    Mustafa, M.M.3    Mertsola, J.4    McCracken Jr., G.H.5
  • 171
    • 0026779276 scopus 로고
    • Human bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein and a recombinant NH2-terminal fragment cause killing of serumresistant Gram-negative bacteria in whole blood and inhibit tumor necrosis factor release induced by the bacteria
    • Weiss J, Elsbach P, Shu C, et al. Human bactericidal/permeability- increasing protein and a recombinant NH2-terminal fragment cause killing of serumresistant Gram-negative bacteria in whole blood and inhibit tumor necrosis factor release induced by the bacteria. J Clin Invest 1992; 90: 1122-30
    • (1992) J Clin Invest , vol.90 , pp. 1122-30
    • Weiss, J.1    Elsbach, P.2    Shu, C.3
  • 173
    • 0024421227 scopus 로고
    • Reduction of inflammation, tissue damage, and mortality in bacterial meningitis in rabbits treated with monoclonal antibodies against adhesion-promoting receptors of leukocytes
    • Tuomanem EL, Saukkonen K, Sande S, et al. Reduction of inflammation, tissue damage and mortality in bacterial meningitis in rabbits treated with monoclonal antibodies against adhesion-promoting receptors of leucocytes. Exp Med 1989; 170: 959-69 (Pubitemid 19226676)
    • (1989) Journal of Experimental Medicine , vol.170 , Issue.3 , pp. 959-969
    • Tuomanen, E.I.1    Saukkonen, K.2    Sande, S.3    Cioffe, C.4    Wright, S.D.5
  • 174
    • 0034675328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinant bactericidal/permeabilityincreasing protein (rBPI21) as adjunctive treatment for children with severe meningococcal sepsis: A randomised trial
    • Levin M, Quint P, Goldstein B, et al. Recombinant bactericidal/ permeabilityincreasing protein (rBPI21) as adjunctive treatment for children with severe meningococcal sepsis: a randomised trial. Lancet 2000; 356: 961-7
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.356 , pp. 961-7
    • Levin, M.1    Quint, P.2    Goldstein, B.3
  • 175
    • 0023778758 scopus 로고
    • Dexamethasone therapy for bacterial meningitis: Results of two double blind, placebo controlled trials
    • Lebel MH, Freij RJ, Syrogiannopoulos GA, et al. Dexamethasone therapy for bacterial meningitis: results of two double blind, placebo controlled trials. N Engl J Med 1988; 319: 964-71
    • (1988) N Engl J Med , vol.319 , pp. 964-71
    • Lebel, M.H.1    Freij, R.J.2    Syrogiannopoulos, G.A.3
  • 176
    • 0025876403 scopus 로고
    • The beneficial effects of early dexamethasone administration in infants and children with bacterial meningitis
    • Odio CM, Faingezicht I, Paris M, et al. The beneficial effects of early dexamethasone administration in infants and children with bacterial meningitis. N Engl J Med 1991; 324: 1525-31
    • (1991) N Engl J Med , vol.324 , pp. 1525-31
    • Odio, C.M.1    Faingezicht, I.2    Paris, M.3
  • 178
    • 0029006894 scopus 로고
    • Beneficial effects of dexamethasone in children with pneumococcal meningitis
    • Kanra GY, OzenKD, SecmeerG, et al. Beneficial effects of dexamethasone in children with pneumococcal meningitis. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1995; 14: 490-4
    • (1995) Pediatr Infect Dis J , vol.14 , pp. 490-4
    • Kanra, G.Y.1    Secmeerg, O.2
  • 181
    • 76449121189 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adjunctive dexamethasone in bacterial meningitis: Ameta-analysis of individual patient data
    • van de Beek D, Farrar JJ, de Gans J, et al. Adjunctive dexamethasone in bacterial meningitis: ameta-analysis of individual patient data. Lancet 2010; 9: 254-63
    • (2010) Lancet , vol.9 , pp. 254-63
    • Van De Beek, D.1    Farrar, J.J.2    De Gans, J.3
  • 183
    • 77954363736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumococcal infections
    • American Academy of Pediatrics Pickering LK, editor 28th ed. Elk Grove Village (IL): American Academy of Pediatrics
    • American Academy of Pediatrics. Pneumococcal infections. In: Pickering LK, editor. Red book: 2009 report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases, 28th ed. Elk Grove Village (IL): American Academy of Pediatrics, 2009: 524-35
    • (2009) Red Book 2009 Report of the Committee on Infectious Diseases , pp. 524-35
  • 184
    • 44949202373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EFNS guideline on the management of community-acquired bacterial meningitis in older children and adults
    • EFNS Task Force
    • Chaudhari A, Martinez-Martin P, Kennedy PG, et al. EFNS guideline on the management of community-acquired bacterial meningitis in older children and adults. EFNS Task Force. Eur J Neurol 2008; 15: 649-59
    • (2008) Eur J Neurol , vol.15 , pp. 649-59
    • Chaudhari, A.1    Martinez-Martin, P.2    Kennedy, P.G.3
  • 186
    • 65549105408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving the outcomes in children with bacterial meningitis
    • Peltola H, Roine I. Improving the outcomes in children with bacterial meningitis. Opin Infect Dis 2009; 22: 250-5
    • (2009) Opin Infect Dis , vol.22 , pp. 250-5
    • Peltola, H.1    Roine, I.2
  • 187
    • 68049084524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short versus long duration of antibiotic therapy for bacterial meningitis: A meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials in children
    • Karageorgopoulos DE, Valkimadi PE, Kapaskelis A, et al. Short versus long duration of antibiotic therapy for bacterial meningitis: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials in children. Arch Dis Child 2009; 94: 607-14
    • (2009) Arch Dis Child , vol.94 , pp. 607-14
    • Karageorgopoulos, D.E.1    Valkimadi, P.E.2    Kapaskelis, A.3
  • 188
    • 0025215323 scopus 로고
    • Duration of treatment in bacterial meningitis: A historical inquiry
    • Radetsky M. Duration of treatment in bacterial meningitis: a historical inquiry. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1990; 9: 2-9 (Pubitemid 20157094)
    • (1990) Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal , vol.9 , Issue.1 , pp. 2-9
    • Radetsky, M.1


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.