Reconsideration of the use of meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

Volumn 26, Issue 8, 2007, Pages 716-722

  Granoff, Dan M ^a,c   Pollard, Andrew J ^b  

^a CHILDREN S HOSPITAL OAKLAND RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^c NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

Antibody hyporesponsiveness; Neisseria meningitidis; Polysaccharide vaccine; Polysaccharide protein conjugate vaccine; Tolerance

Indexed keywords

ANTIBODY; MENINGOCOCCUS VACCINE; POLYSACCHARIDE; POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE;

ANTIBODY BLOOD LEVEL; ANTIBODY RESPONSE; CELL LOSS; COMPARATIVE STUDY; HUMAN; IMMUNE RESPONSE; IMMUNIZATION; IMMUNOLOGICAL MEMORY; INFORMATION; INJECTION; LICENSING; MEMORY CELL; MENINGOCOCCOSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK; VACCINATION;

EID: 34548719417     PISSN: 08913668     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/INF.0b013e3180cc2c25     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Granoff D, Feavers I, Borrow R. Meningococcal vaccines. In: Plotkin SA, Orenstein WA, eds. Vaccines. 4th ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company; 2003.
2. Bilukha OO, Rosenstein N. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Prevention and control of meningococcal disease. Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2005;54:1-21.
3. De Wals P, De Serres G, Niyonsenga T. Effectiveness of a mass immunization campaign against serogroup C meningococcal disease in Quebec. JAMA. 2001;285:177-181.
4. Taunay AE, Feldman RA, Bastos CO, Galvao PAA, Morais JS, Castro IO. Avaliacao do efeito protector de vacina polissacaridica antimeningococica do groupo C, em criancas de 6 A 36 meses. Rev Inst Adolfo Lutz. 1978;38:77-82.
5. Rosenstein NE, Perkins BA, Stephens DS, Popovic T, Hughes JM. Meningococcal disease. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:1378-1388.
6. Lingappa JR, Rosenstein N, Zell ER, Shutt KA, Schuchat A, Perkins BA. Surveillance for meningococcal disease and strategies for use of conjugate meningococcal vaccines in the United States. Vaccine. 2001;19:4566-4575.
7. Shigematsu M, Davison KL, Charlett A, Crowcroft NS. National enhanced surveillance of meningococcal disease in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, January 1999-June 2001. Epidemiol Infect. 2002;129:459-470.
8. Cartwright KA. Epidemiology of meningococcal disease. Hosp Med. 2002;63:264-267.
9. Harrison LH, Pass MA, Mendelsohn AB, et al. Invasive meningococcal disease in adolescents and young adults. JAMA. 2001;286:694-699.
10. Pichichero M, Casey J, Blatter M, et al. Comparative trial of the safety and immunogenicity of quadrivalent (A, C, Y, W-135) meningococcal polysaccharide-diphtheria conjugate vaccine versus quadrivalent polysaccharide vaccine in two- to ten-year-old children. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005;24:57-62.
11. Keyserling H, Papa T, Koranyi K, et al. Safety, immunogenicity, and immune memory of a novel meningococcal (groups A, C, Y, and W-135) polysaccharide diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine (MCV-4) in healthy adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2005;159:907-913.
12. Granoff DM, Morgan A, Welsch JA. Immunogenicity of an investigational quadrivalent Neisseria meningitidis-diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine in 2-year old children. Vaccine. 2005;23:4307-4314.
13. Chippaux JP, Garba A, Ethevenaux C, et al. Immunogenicity, safety, and memory of different schedules of Neisseria meningitidis A/C-diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine in infants in Niger. Vaccine. 2004;22:3303-3311.
14. Campbell JD, Edelman R, King JC Jr, Papa T, Ryall R, Rennels MB. Safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of a tetravalent meningococcal polysaccharide-diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine given to healthy adults. J Infect Dis. 2002;186:1848-1851.
15. MacLennan JM, Shackley F, Heath PT, et al. Safety, immunogenicity, and induction of immunologic memory by a serogroup C meningococcal conjugate vaccine in infants: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 2000;283:2795-2801.
16. Choo S, Zuckerman J, Goilav C, Hatzmann E, Everard J, Finn A. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of a group C meningococcal conjugate vaccine compared with a group A + C meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine in adolescents in a randomised observer-blind controlled trial. Vaccine. 2000;18:2686-2692.
17. Campagne G, Garba A, Fabre P, et al. Safety and immunogenicity of three doses of a Neisseria meningitidis A + C diphtheria conjugate vaccine in infants from Niger. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2000;19:144-150.
18. Vu DM, de Boer AW, Danzig L, et al. Priming for immunologic memory in adults by meningococcal group C conjugate vaccination. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2006;13:605-610.
19. Collins CL, Ruggeberg JU, Balfour G, et al. Immunogenicity and immunologic memory of meningococcal C conjugate vaccine in premature infants. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005;24:966-968.
20. Borrow R, Goldblatt D, Finn A, et al. Immunogenicity of, and immunologic memory to, a reduced primary schedule of meningococcal C-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine in infants in the United kingdom. Infect Immun. 2003;71:5549-5555.
21. Borrow R, Goldblatt D, Andrews N, et al. Antibody persistence and immunological memory at age 4 years after meningococcal group C conjugate vaccination in children in the United kingdom. J Infect Dis. 2002;186:1353-1357.
22. Borrow R, Fox AJ, Richmond PC, et al. Induction of immunological memory in UK infants by a meningococcal A/C conjugate vaccine. Epidemiol Infect. 2000;124:427-432.
23. Richmond P, Borrow R, Miller E, et al. Meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine is immunogenic in infancy and primes for memory. J Infect Dis. 1999;179:1569-1572.
24. MacDonald NE, Halperin SA, Law BJ, Forrest B, Danzig LE, Granoff DM. Induction of immunologic memory by conjugated versus plain meningococcal C polysaccharide vaccine in toddlers: a randomized controlled trial. JAMA. 1998;280:1685-1689.
25. Granoff DM, Gupta RK, Belshe RB, Anderson EL. Induction of immunologic refractoriness in adults by meningococcal C polysaccharide vaccination. J Infect Dis. 1998;178:870-874.
26. Leach A, Twumasi PA, Kumah S, et al. Induction of immunologic memory in Gambian children by vaccination in infancy with a group A plus group C meningococcal polysaccharide - protein conjugate vaccine. J Infect Dis. 1997;175:200-204.
27. Feavers I, Ceccarini C, Granoff DM, Jodar L, Ravenscoft N. Recommendations for the Production and Control of Meningococcal Group C Conjugate Vaccines. World Health Organization; 2004:121-123. WHO expert committee on biological standardization technical report series ed. Vol. 924.
28. Frasch CE. Meningococcal vaccines: past, present and future. In: Cartwright K, ed. Meningococcal Disease. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1995:245-283.
29. Borrow R, Andrews N, Goldblatt D, Miller E. Serological basis for use of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccines in the United Kingdom: reevaluation of correlates of protection. Infect Immun. 2001;69:1568-1573.
30. Cobb BA, Wang Q, Tzianabos AO, Kasper DL. Polysaccharide processing and presentation by the MHCII pathway. Cell. 2004;117:677-687.
31. Weller S, Braun MC, Tan BK, et al. Human blood IgM "memory" B cells are circulating splenic marginal zone B cells harboring a prediversified immunoglobulin repertoire. Blood. 2004;104:3647-3654.
32. Weller S, Reynaud CA, Weill JC. Vaccination against encapsulated bacteria in humans: paradoxes. Trends Immunol. 2005;26:85-89.
33. Weller S, Reynaud CA, Weill JC. Splenic marginal zone B cells in humans: where do they mutate their Ig receptor? Eur J Immunol. 2005;35:2789-2792.
34. (deleted in press.)
35. Gold R, Lepow ML, Goldschneider I, Draper TL, Gotschlich EC. Clinical evaluation of group A and group C meningococcal polysaccharide vaccines in infants. J Clin Invest. 1975;56:1536-1547.
36. Borrow R, Joseph H, Andrews N, et al. Reduced antibody response to revaccination with meningococcal serogroup A polysaccharide vaccine in adults. Vaccine. 2000;19:1129-1132.
37. Richmond P, Kaczmarski E, Borrow R, et al. Meningococcal C polysaccharide vaccine induces immunologic hyporesponsiveness in adults that is overcome by meningococcal C conjugate vaccine. J Infect Dis. 2000;181:761-764.
38. Southern J, Deane S, Ashton L, et al. Effects of prior polysaccharide vaccination on magnitude, duration, and quality of immune responses to and safety profile of a meningococcal serogroup C tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccination in adults. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2004;11:1100-1104.
39. MacLennan J, Obaro S, Deeks J, et al. Immune response to revaccination with meningococcal A and C polysaccharides in Gambian children following repeated immunization during early childhood. Vaccine. 1999;17:3086-3093.
40. Al-Mazrou Y, Khalil M, Borrow R, et al. Serologic responses to ACYW135 polysaccharide meningococcal vaccine in Saudi children under 5 years of age. Infect Immun. 2005;73:2932-2939.
41. Borrow R, Goldblatt D, Andrews N, Richmond P, Southern J, Miller E. Influence of prior meningococcal C polysaccharide vaccination on the response and generation of memory after meningococcal C conjugate vaccination in young children. J Infect Dis. 2001;184:377-380.
42. MacDonald NE, Halperin SA, Law BJ, Danzig LE, Granoff DM. Can meningococcal C conjugate vaccine overcome immune hyporesponsiveness induced by previous administration of plain polysaccharide vaccine? JAMA. 2000;283:1826-1827.
43. Borrow R, Southern J, Andrews N, et al. Comparison of antibody kinetics following meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine between healthy adults previously vaccinated with meningococcal A/C polysaccharide vaccine and vaccine-naive controls. Vaccine. 2001;19:3043-3050.
44. Kelly DF, Snape M, Clutterbuck EC, et al. CRM197-conjugated serogroup C meningococcal capsular polysaccharide, but not the native polysaccharide, induces persistent antigen specific memory B cells. Blood. 2006;108:2642-2647.
45. Adderson EE. Antibody repertoires in infants and adults: effects of T-independent and T-dependent immunizations. Springer Semin Immunopathol. 2001;23:387-403.
46. Khan AQ, Lees A, Snapper CM. Differential regulation of IgG anticapsular polysaccharide and antiprotein responses to intact Streptococcus pneumoniae in the presence of cognate CD4+ T cell help. J Immunol. 2004;172:532-539.
47. Richmond P, Borrow R, Findlow J, et al. Evaluation of De-O-acetylated meningococcal C polysaccharide-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine in infancy: reactogenicity, immunogenicity, immunologic priming, and bactericidal activity against O-acetylated and De-O-acetylated serogroup C strains. Infect Immun. 2001;69:2378-2382.
48. Goldblatt D, Borrow R, Miller E. Natural and vaccine-induced immunity and immunologic memory to Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C in young adults. J Infect Dis. 2002;185:397-400.
49. Pichichero M, Papa T, Blatter M, et al. Immune memory in children previously vaccinated with an experimental quadrivalent meningococcal polysaccharide diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2006;25:995-1000.
50. MacLennan J, Obaro S, Deeks J, et al. Immunologic memory 5 years after meningococcal A/C conjugate vaccination in infancy. J Infect Dis. 2001;183:97-104.
51. Granoff DM, Harris SL. Protective activity of group C anticapsular antibodies elicited in two-year-olds by an investigational quadrivalent Neisseria meningitidis-diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004;23:490-497.
52. Goldblatt D, Vaz AR, Miller E. Antibody avidity as a surrogate marker of successful priming by Haemophilus influenzae type B conjugate vaccines following infant immunization. J Infect Dis. 1998;177:1112-1115.
53. Goldschneider I, Gotschlich EC, Artenstein MS. Human immunity to the meningococcus. I. The role of humoral antibodies. J Exp Med. 1969;129:1307-1326.
54. Edwards EA, Devine LF, Sengbusch GH, Ward HW. Immunological investigations of meningococcal disease. III. Brevity of group C acquisition prior to disease occurrence. Scand J Infect Dis. 1977;9:105-110.
55. Trotter CL, Andrews NJ, Kaczmarski EB, Miller E, Ramsay ME. Effectiveness of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine 4 years after introduction. Lancet. 2004;364:365-367.
56. McVernon J, Trotter CL, Slack MP, Ramsay ME. Trends in Haemophilus influenzae type B infections in adults in England and Wales: surveillance study. BMJ. 2004;329:655-658.
57. McVernon J, Howard AJ, Slack MP, Ramsay ME. Long-term impact of vaccination on Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) carriage in the United Kingdom. Epidemiol Infect. 2004;132:765-767.
58. McVernon J, MacLennan J, Pollard AJ, et al. Immunologic memory with no detectable bactericidal antibody response to a first dose of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccine at four years. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2003;22:659-661.
59. Vu DM, Kelly D, Heath PT, McCarthy ND, Pollard AJ, Granoff DM. Effectiveness analyses may underestimate protection of infants after group C meningococcal immunization. J Infect Dis. 2006;194:231-237.
60. Andrews N, Borrow R, Miller E. Validation of serological correlate of protection for meningococcal C conjugate vaccine by using efficacy estimates from post-licensure surveillance in England. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2003;10:780-786.
61. Maiden MC, Stuart JM. Carriage of serogroup C meningococci 1 year after meningococcal C conjugate polysaccharide vaccination. Lancet. 2002;359:1829-1831.
62. Ramsay ME, Andrews NJ, Trotter CL, Kaczmarski EB, Miller E. Herd immunity from meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccination in England: database analysis. BMJ. 2003;326:365-366.
63. Brundage JF, Ryan MA, Feighner BH, Erdtmann FJ. Meningococcal disease among United States military service members in relation to routine uses of vaccines with different serogroup-specific components, 1964-1998. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;35:1376-1381.
64. Rosenstein N, Levine O, Taylor JP, et al. Efficacy of meningococcal vaccine and barriers to vaccination. JAMA. 1998;279:435-439.
65. Jackson LA, Schuchat A, Reeves MW, Wenger JD. Serogroup C meningococcal outbreaks in the United States. An emerging threat. JAMA. 1995;273:383-389.
66. El Bashir H, Heath PT, Papa T, et al. Antibody responses to meningococcal (groups A, C, Y and W135) polysaccharide diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine in children who previously received meningococcal C conjugate vaccine. Vaccine. 2006;24:2544-2549.
67. Granoff DM, Morgan A, Welsch JA. Persistence of group C anticapsular antibodies two to three years after immunization with an investigational quadrivalent Neisseria meningitidis-diphtheria toxoid conjugate vaccine. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2005;24:132-136.
68. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Update: Guillain-Barre syndrome among recipients of Menactra meningococcal conjugate vaccine - United States, October 2005-February 2006. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2006;55:364-366.
69. Veenhoven R, Bogaert D, Uiterwaal C, et al. Effect of conjugate pneumococcal vaccine followed by polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine on recurrent acute otitis media: a randomized study. Lancet. 2003;361:2189-2195.
70. Lennon D, Gellin B, Hood D, Voss L, Heffernan H, Thakur S. Successful intervention in a group A meningococcal outbreak in Auckland, New Zealand. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1992;11:617-623.