메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 71, Issue 15, 2011, Pages 1989-2008

Therapeutic potential of ginseng in the management of cardiovascular disorders

Author keywords

Cardiovascular disorders; Ginseng.

Indexed keywords

DIGOXIN; GINSENG EXTRACT; GINSENOSIDE; WARFARIN;

EID: 80053953131     PISSN: 00126667     EISSN: 11791950     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2165/11594300-000000000-00000     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (97)

References (160)
  • 1
    • 27544470322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of an extract of North American ginseng containing poly-furanosyl-pyranosyl-saccharides for preventing upper respiratory tract infections: A randomized controlled trial
    • Predy GN, Goel V, Lovlin R, et al. Efficacy of an extract of North American ginseng containing poly-furanosyl-pyranosyl-saccharides for preventing upper respiratory tract infections: a randomized controlled trial. CMAJ 2005; 173: 1043-8
    • (2005) CMAJ , vol.173 , pp. 1043-1038
    • Predy, G.N.1    Goel, V.2    Lovlin, R.3
  • 2
    • 73849150347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New achievements in ginseng research and its future prospects
    • Chu SF, Zhang JT. New achievements in ginseng research and its future prospects. Chin J Integr Med 2009; 15: 403-8
    • (2009) Chin J Integr Med , vol.15 , pp. 403-408
    • Chu, S.F.1    Zhang, J.T.2
  • 3
    • 0003140072 scopus 로고
    • The genus Panax (ginseng) in Chinese medicine
    • Hu SY. The genus Panax (ginseng) in Chinese medicine. Econ Bot 1976; 30: 11-28
    • (1976) Econ Bot , vol.30 , pp. 11-28
    • Hu, S.Y.1
  • 4
    • 0016804272 scopus 로고
    • Ginseng: Its history, dispersion and folk tradition
    • Goldstein B. Ginseng: its history, dispersion and folk tradition. Am J Chin Med 1975; 3: 223-34
    • (1975) Am J Chin Med , vol.3 , pp. 223-234
    • Goldstein, B.1
  • 5
    • 28944432903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation and determination of ginsenosides in American ginseng leaves and root extracts by LC-MS
    • DOI 10.1007/s00216-005-0120-8
    • Ligor T, Ludwiczuk A, Wolski T, et al. Isolation and determination of ginsenosides in American ginseng leaves and root extracts by LC-MS. Anal Bioanal Chem 2005; 383: 1098-105 (Pubitemid 41781730)
    • (2005) Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry , vol.383 , Issue.7-8 , pp. 1098-1105
    • Ligor, T.1    Ludwiczuk, A.2    Wolski, T.3    Buszewski, B.4
  • 6
    • 77957901397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three new dammaranetype triterpene saponins from the leaves of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer
    • Liu GY, Li XW, Wang NB, et al. Three new dammaranetype triterpene saponins from the leaves of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2010; 12: 865-73
    • (2010) J Asian Nat Prod Res , vol.12 , pp. 865-873
    • Liu, G.Y.1    Li, X.W.2    Wang, N.B.3
  • 7
    • 0036266324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antidiabetic effects of Panax ginseng berry extract and the identification of an effective component
    • Attele AS, Zhou YP, Xie JT, et al. Antidiabetic effects of Panax ginseng berry extract and the identification of an effective component. Diabetes 2002; 51: 1851-8
    • (2002) Diabetes , vol.51 , pp. 1851-1818
    • Attele, A.S.1    Zhou, Y.P.2    Xie, J.T.3
  • 8
    • 0041336976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-hyperglycemic effects of ginseng: Comparison between root and berry
    • DOI 10.1078/094471103322331908
    • Dey L, Xie JT,Wang A, et al. Anti-hyperglycemic effects of ginseng: comparison between root and berry. Phytomedicine 2003; 10: 600-5 (Pubitemid 37092688)
    • (2003) Phytomedicine , vol.10 , Issue.6-7 , pp. 600-605
    • Dey, L.1    Xie, J.T.2    Wang, A.3    Wu, J.4    Maleckar, S.A.5    Yuan, C.-S.6
  • 9
    • 0034654608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differentiation and authentication of Panax ginseng Panax quinquefolius and ginseng products by using HPLC/MS
    • Chan TWD, But PPH, Cheng SW, et al. Differentiation and authentication of Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolius and ginseng products by using HPLC/MS. Anal Chem 2000; 72: 1281-7
    • (2000) Anal Chem , vol.72 , pp. 1281-1217
    • Twd, C.1    Pph, B.2    Cheng, S.W.3
  • 10
    • 0033195612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An evidence-based review of the 10 most commonly used herbs
    • Mar C, Bent S. An evidence-based review of the 10 most commonly used herbs. West J Med 1999; 171: 168-71
    • (1999) West J Med , vol.171 , pp. 168-171
    • Mar, C.1    Bent, S.2
  • 11
    • 0001183110 scopus 로고
    • Ginseng: America's botanical drug connection to the orient
    • Carlson AW. Ginseng: America's botanical drug connection to the orient. Econ Bot 1986; 40: 233-49
    • (1986) Econ Bot , vol.40 , pp. 233-249
    • Carlson, A.W.1
  • 12
    • 0020726340 scopus 로고
    • Ginseng and the royal society
    • Appleby JH. Ginseng and the Royal Society. Notes Rec R Soc Lond 1983; 37: 121-45
    • (1983) Notes Rec R Soc Lond , vol.37 , pp. 121-145
    • Appleby, J.H.1
  • 13
    • 0000035742 scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular actions of Panax ginseng in dogs
    • Wood WB, Roh BL, White RP. Cardiovascular actions of Panax ginseng in dogs. Jpn J Pharmacol 1964; 14: 284-94
    • (1964) Jpn J Pharmacol , vol.14 , pp. 284-294
    • Wood, W.B.1    Roh, B.L.2    White, R.P.3
  • 14
    • 0018048202 scopus 로고
    • Effect of Panax ginseng alcohol extract on cardiovascular system
    • Hah JS, Kang BS, Kang DH. Effect of Panax ginseng alcohol extract on cardiovascular ginseng. Yonsei Med J 1978; 19: 11-8 (Pubitemid 9240420)
    • (1978) Yonsei Medical Journal , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 11-18
    • Hah, J.S.1    Kang, B.S.2    Kang, D.H.3
  • 15
    • 79957630088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in ginsenosides and antioxidant activity of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) with heating temperature and pressure
    • Hwang IG, Kim HY, Joung EM, et al. Changes in ginsenosides and antioxidant activity of Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) with heating temperature and pressure. Food Sci Biotechnol 2010; 19: 941-9
    • (2010) Food Sci Biotechnol , vol.19 , pp. 941-949
    • Hwang, I.G.1    Kim, H.Y.2    Joung, E.M.3
  • 16
    • 70349397280 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current evaluation of the millennium phytomedicine Ginseng (I): Etymology, pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, market and regulations
    • Jia L, Zhao Y. Current evaluation of the millennium phytomedicine. Ginseng (I): etymology, pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, market and regulations. Curr Med Chem 2009; 16: 2475-84
    • (2009) Curr Med Chem , vol.16 , pp. 2475-2484
    • Jia, L.1    Zhao, Y.2
  • 17
    • 70349408655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current evaluation of the millennium phytomedicine Ginseng (II): Collected chemical entities, modern pharmacology, and clinical applications emanated from traditional Chinese medicine
    • Jia L, Zhao Y, Liang XJ. Current evaluation of the millennium phytomedicine. Ginseng (II): collected chemical entities, modern pharmacology, and clinical applications emanated from traditional Chinese medicine. Curr Med Chem 2009; 16: 2924-42
    • (2009) Curr Med Chem , vol.16 , pp. 2924-2942
    • Jia, L.1    Zhao, Y.2    Liang, X.J.3
  • 18
    • 79952012614 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Isolation and analysis of ginseng: Advances and challenges
    • Qi LW, Wang CZ, Yuan CS. Isolation and analysis of ginseng: advances and challenges. Nat Prod Rep 2011; 28: 467-95
    • (2011) Nat Prod Rep , vol.28 , pp. 467-495
    • Qi, L.W.1    Wang, C.Z.2    Yuan, C.S.3
  • 19
    • 0344549853 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ginseng pharmacology: Multiple constituents and multiple actions
    • DOI 10.1016/S0006-2952(99)00212-9, PII S0006295299002129
    • Attele AS, Wu JA, Yuan CS. Ginseng pharmacology: multiple constituents and multiple actions. Biochem Pharmacol 1999; 58: 1685-93 (Pubitemid 29505408)
    • (1999) Biochemical Pharmacology , vol.58 , Issue.11 , pp. 1685-1693
    • Attele, A.S.1    Wu, J.A.2    Yuan, C.-S.3
  • 20
    • 69149110615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ginseng compounds: An update on their molecular mechanisms and medical applications
    • Lü JM, Yao Q, Chen C.Ginseng compounds: an update on their molecular mechanisms and medical applications. Current Vasc Pharmacol 2009; 7: 293-302
    • (2009) Current Vasc Pharmacol , vol.7 , pp. 293-302
    • Lü, J.M.1    Yao, Q.2    Chen, C.3
  • 21
    • 0035087262 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 11 in North American ginseng using high performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection
    • DOI 10.1016/S0731-7085(00)00494-5, PII S0731708500004945
    • Li W, Fitzloff JF. Determination of 24(R)-pseudoginsenoside F11 in North American ginseng using high performance liquid chromatography with evaporative light scattering detection. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2001; 25: 257-65 (Pubitemid 32244234)
    • (2001) Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis , vol.25 , Issue.2 , pp. 257-265
    • Li, W.1    Fitzloff, J.F.2
  • 22
    • 33746253768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ginsenoside content and variation among and within American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) populations
    • Schlag EM, McIntosh MS. Ginsenoside content and variation among and within American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.) populations. Phytochemistry 2006; 67: 1510-9
    • (2006) Phytochemistry , vol.67 , pp. 1510-1509
    • Schlag, E.M.1    McIntosh, M.S.2
  • 23
    • 0042303946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phytochemistry of wild populations of Panax quinquefolius L. (North American ginseng)
    • Assinewe VA, Baum BR, Gagnon D, et al. Phytochemistry of wild populations of Panax quinquefolius L. (North American ginseng). J Agric Food Chem 2003; 51: 4549-53
    • (2003) J Agric Food Chem , vol.51 , pp. 4549-4553
    • Assinewe, V.A.1    Baum, B.R.2    Gagnon, D.3
  • 24
    • 31344440827 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and differentiation of Panax species using ELISA, RAPD and eastern blotting
    • DOI 10.1002/pca.887
    • Tanaka H, Fukuda N, Shoyama Y. Identification and differentiation of Panax species using ELISA, RAPD and eastern blotting. Phytochem Anal 2006; 17: 46-55 (Pubitemid 43141397)
    • (2006) Phytochemical Analysis , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 46-55
    • Tanaka, H.1    Fukuda, N.2    Shoyama, Y.3
  • 25
    • 57349140286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the effects of Korean ginseng and heat-processed Korean ginseng on diabetic oxidative stress
    • Kim HY, Kang KS, Yamabe N, et al. Comparison of the effects of Korean ginseng and heat-processed Korean ginseng on diabetic oxidative stress. Am J Chin Med 2008; 36: 989-1004
    • (2008) Am J Chin Med , vol.36 , pp. 989-1004
    • Kim, H.Y.1    Kang, K.S.2    Yamabe, N.3
  • 26
    • 79953019800 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heat processing decreases Amadori products and increases total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Korean red ginseng
    • Kim GN, Lee JS, Song JH, et al. Heat processing decreases Amadori products and increases total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of Korean red ginseng. J Med Food 2010; 13: 1478-84
    • (2010) J Med Food , vol.13 , pp. 1478-1484
    • Kim, G.N.1    Lee, J.S.2    Song, J.H.3
  • 27
    • 79955503329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison between high hydrostatic pressure extraction and heat extraction of ginsenosides from ginseng (Panax ginseng CA Meyer)
    • Lee HS, Lee HJ, Yu HJ, et al. A comparison between high hydrostatic pressure extraction and heat extraction of ginsenosides from ginseng (Panax ginseng CA Meyer). J Sci Food Agric 2011; 91: 1466-73
    • (2011) J Sci Food Agric , vol.91 , pp. 1466-1473
    • Lee, H.S.1    Lee, H.J.2    Yu, H.J.3
  • 29
    • 0036690047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three new dammarane glycosides from heat processed ginseng
    • Park IH, Kim NY, Han SB, et al. Three new dammarane glycosides from heat processed ginseng. Arch Pharm Res 2002; 25: 428-32
    • (2002) Arch Pharm Res , vol.25 , pp. 428-432
    • Park, I.H.1    Kim, N.Y.2    Han, S.B.3
  • 30
    • 0034521401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steaming of ginseng at high temperature enhances biological activity
    • Kim WY, Kim JM, Han SB, et al. Steaming of ginseng at high temperature enhances biological activity. J Nat Prod 2000; 63: 1702-4
    • (2000) J Nat Prod , vol.63 , pp. 1702-1724
    • Kim, W.Y.1    Kim, J.M.2    Han, S.B.3
  • 33
    • 1642368994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of the efficiency of three different solvent systems to extract triterpene saponins from roots of Panax quinquefolius using high-performance liquid chromatography
    • Gafner S, Bergeron C,McCollom MM, et al. Evaluation of the efficiency of three different solvent systems to extract triterpene saponins from roots of Panax quinquefolius using high-performance liquid chromatography. J Agric Food Chem 2004; 52: 1546-50
    • (2004) J Agric Food Chem , vol.52 , pp. 1546-1550
    • Gafner, S.1    Bergeron, C.2    McCollom, M.M.3
  • 34
    • 33746634658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extraction-dependent effects of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) on human breast cancer cell proliferation and estrogen receptor activation
    • DOI 10.1177/1534735406291341
    • King ML, Adler SR, Murphy LL. Extraction-dependent effects of American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium) on human breast cancer cell proliferation and estrogen receptor activation. Integr Cancer Ther 2006; 5: 236-43 (Pubitemid 44154877)
    • (2006) Integrative Cancer Therapies , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 236-243
    • King, M.L.1    Adler, S.R.2    Murphy, L.L.3
  • 35
    • 4644325964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effect of aqueous extract of Ginseng radix against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells
    • Kim EH, Jang MH, Shin CH, et al. Protective effect of aqueous extract of Ginseng radix against 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2003; 26: 1668-73
    • (2003) Biol Pharm Bull , vol.26 , pp. 1668-1673
    • Kim, E.H.1    Jang, M.H.2    Shin, C.H.3
  • 36
    • 70450228666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American ginseng inhibits induced COX-2 and NFKB activation in breast cancer cells
    • Peralta EA, Murphy LL, Minnis J, et al. American ginseng inhibits induced COX-2 and NFKB activation in breast cancer cells. J Surg Res 2009; 157: 261-7
    • (2009) J Surg Res , vol.157 , pp. 261-267
    • Peralta, E.A.1    Murphy, L.L.2    Minnis, J.3
  • 37
    • 18044385758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A natural compound (ginsenoside Re) isolated from Panax ginseng as a novel angiogenic agent for tissue regeneration
    • Huang YC, Chen CT, Chen SC, et al. A natural compound (ginsenoside Re) isolated from Panax ginseng as a novel angiogenic agent for tissue regeneration. Pharm Res 2005; 22: 636-46
    • (2005) Pharm Res , vol.22 , pp. 636-646
    • Huang, Y.C.1    Chen, C.T.2    Chen, S.C.3
  • 38
    • 0029164614 scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of angiogenic effects of saponin from ginseng Radix rubra in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
    • Morisaki N, Watanabe S, Tezuka M, et al. Mechanism of angiogenic effects of saponin from ginseng Radix rubra in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Br J Pharmacol 1995; 115: 1188-93
    • (1995) Br J Pharmacol , vol.115 , pp. 1188-1193
    • Morisaki, N.1    Watanabe, S.2    Tezuka, M.3
  • 39
    • 34548651801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Water extract of Korean read ginseng stimulates angiogenesis by activating the PI3K/Akt-dependent ERK1/2 and eNOS pathways in human umbilical vein endothelial cells
    • Kim YM, Namkoong S, Yun YB, et al. Water extract of Korean read ginseng stimulates angiogenesis by activating the PI3K/Akt-dependent ERK1/2 and eNOS pathways in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2007; 30: 1674-9
    • (2007) Biol Pharm Bull , vol.30 , pp. 1674-1649
    • Kim, Y.M.1    Namkoong, S.2    Yun, Y.B.3
  • 40
    • 0027099857 scopus 로고
    • Ginsenosides protect pulmonary vascular endothelium against free radical-induced injury
    • DOI 10.1016/0006-291X(92)92253-T
    • Kim H, Chen X, Gillis CN. Ginsenosides protect pulmonary vascular endothelium against free radical-induced injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1992; 189: 670-6 (Pubitemid 23032424)
    • (1992) Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications , vol.189 , Issue.2 , pp. 670-676
    • Kim, H.1    Chen, X.2    Gillis, C.N.3
  • 41
    • 2442686484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular effects of Siberian ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus): Endotheliumdependent NO-and EDHF-mediated relaxation depending on vessel size
    • Kwan CY, Zhang WB, Sim SM, et al. Vascular effects of Siberian ginseng (Eleutherococcus senticosus): endotheliumdependent NO-and EDHF-mediated relaxation depending on vessel size. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2004; 369: 473-80
    • (2004) Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol , vol.369 , pp. 473-480
    • Kwan, C.Y.1    Zhang, W.B.2    Sim, S.M.3
  • 42
    • 0034531895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Panax notoginseng saponins on vascular endothelial cells in vitro
    • Kwan CY, Kwan TK. Effects of Panax notoginseng saponins on vascular endothelial cells in vitro. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2000; 21: 1101-5
    • (2000) Acta Pharmacol Sin , vol.21 , pp. 1101-1115
    • Kwan, C.Y.1    Kwan, T.K.2
  • 43
    • 60949102610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ginsenoside-Rd, a new voltage-independent Ca2+ entry blocker, reverses basilar hypertrophic remodeling in stroke-prone renovascular hypertensive rats
    • Cai BX, Li XY, Chen JH, et al. Ginsenoside-Rd, a new voltage-independent Ca2+ entry blocker, reverses basilar hypertrophic remodeling in stroke-prone renovascular hypertensive rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 606: 142-9
    • (2009) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.606 , pp. 142-149
    • Cai, B.X.1    Li, X.Y.2    Chen, J.H.3
  • 44
    • 0017981876 scopus 로고
    • Effects of the first (ether) extract of ginseng on the cardiovascular dynamics of dogs during halothane anesthesia
    • Lee MO, Clifford DH, Kim CY, et al. Effects of the first (ether) extract of ginseng on the cardiovascular dynamics of dogs during halothane anesthesia. Comp Med East West 1978; 6: 115-21
    • (1978) Comp Med East West , vol.6 , pp. 115-121
    • Lee, M.O.1    Clifford, D.H.2    Kim, C.Y.3
  • 47
    • 0034747110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + channels in ginsenosides-induced aortic relaxation in rats
    • DOI 10.1097/00005344-200101000-00005
    • Li Z, Chen X, Niwa Y, et al. Involvement of Ca2+-activated K+ channels in ginsenosides-induced aortic relaxation in rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2001; 37: 41-7 (Pubitemid 32012930)
    • (2001) Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology , vol.37 , Issue.1 , pp. 41-47
    • Li, Z.1    Chen, X.2    Niwa, Y.3    Sakamoto, S.4    Nakaya, Y.5
  • 48
    • 0034990059 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ginsenoside potentiates NO-mediated neurogenic vasodilatation of monkey cerebral arteries
    • DOI 10.1016/S0378-8741(01)00217-3, PII S0378874101002173
    • Toda N, Ayajiki K, Fujioka H, et al. Ginsenoside potentiates NO-mediated neurogenic vasodilatation of monkey cerebral arteries. J Ethnopharmacol 2001; 76: 109-13 (Pubitemid 32510739)
    • (2001) Journal of Ethnopharmacology , vol.76 , Issue.1 , pp. 109-113
    • Toda, N.1    Ayajiki, K.2    Fujioka, H.3    Okamura, T.4
  • 49
    • 0242492625 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibits phenylephrine-induced vascular contraction through induction of nitric oxide synthase
    • DOI 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705490
    • Kim ND, Kim EM, Kang KW, et al. Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibits phenylephrine-induced vascular contraction through induction of nitric oxide synthase. Br J Pharmacol 2003; 140: 661-70 (Pubitemid 37386430)
    • (2003) British Journal of Pharmacology , vol.140 , Issue.4 , pp. 661-670
    • Kim, N.D.1    Kim, E.M.2    Kang, K.W.3    Cho, M.K.4    Choi, S.Y.5    Kim, S.G.6
  • 50
    • 0032587043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • + channels
    • DOI 10.1016/S0014-2999(98)00898-X, PII S001429999800898X
    • Kim ND, Kang SY, Park JH, et al. Ginsenoside Rg3 mediates endothelium-dependent relaxation in response to ginsenosides in rat aorta: role of K+ channels. Eur J Pharmacol 1999; 367: 41-9 (Pubitemid 29094613)
    • (1999) European Journal of Pharmacology , vol.367 , Issue.1 , pp. 41-49
    • Kim, N.D.1    Kang, S.Y.2    Park, J.H.3    Schini-Kerth, V.B.4
  • 52
    • 33845982523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signaling pathway of nitric oxide production induced by ginsenoside Rb1 in human aortic endothelial cells: A possible involvement of androgen receptor
    • DOI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.12.119, PII S0006291X06027641
    • Yu J, EtoM, Akishita M, et al. Signaling pathway of nitric oxide production induced by ginsenoside Rb1 in human aortic endothelial cells: a possible involvement of androgen receptor. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2007; 353: 764-9 (Pubitemid 46048736)
    • (2007) Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications , vol.353 , Issue.3 , pp. 764-769
    • Yu, J.1    Eto, M.2    Akishita, M.3    Kaneko, A.4    Ouchi, Y.5    Okabe, T.6
  • 53
    • 33646105367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Panax ginseng extract (G115) on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and nitric oxide (NO) production
    • Persson IA, Dong L, Persson K. Effect of Panax ginseng extract (G115) on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and nitric oxide (NO) production. J Ethnopharmacol 2006; 105: 321-5
    • (2006) J Ethnopharmacol , Issue.105 , pp. 321-325
    • Persson, I.A.1    Dong, L.2    Persson, K.3
  • 55
    • 0032719808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Panax ginseng administration in the rat prevents myocardial ischemia- reperfusion damage induced by hyperbaric oxygen: Evidence for an antioxidant intervention
    • DOI 10.1055/s-1999-14034
    • Maffei Facino R, Carini M, Aldini G, et al. Panax ginseng administration in the rat prevents myocardial ischemiareperfusion damage induced by hyperbaric oxygen: evidence for an antioxidant intervention. Planta Med 1999; 65: 614-9 (Pubitemid 29503227)
    • (1999) Planta Medica , vol.65 , Issue.7 , pp. 614-619
    • Maffei Facino, R.1    Carini, M.2    Aldini, G.3    Berti, F.4    Rossoni, G.5
  • 56
    • 77952881045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of ginseng total saponin, panaxadiol and panaxatriol on ischemia/reperfusion injury in isolated rat heart
    • Kim TH, Lee SM. The effects of ginseng total saponin, panaxadiol and panaxatriol on ischemia/reperfusion injury in isolated rat heart. Food Chem Toxicol 2010; 48: 1516-20
    • (2010) Food Chem Toxicol , vol.48 , pp. 1516-1520
    • Kim, T.H.1    Lee, S.M.2
  • 57
    • 0142258911 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of ginsenoside Re on cardiomyocyte apoptosis and expression of Bcl-2/Bax gene after ischemia and reperfusion in rats
    • Liu Z, Li Z, Liu X. Effect of ginsenoside Re on cardiomyocyte apoptosis and expression of Bcl-2/Bax gene after ischemia and reperfusion in rats. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci 2002; 22: 305-9 (Pubitemid 41559806)
    • (2002) Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology - Medical Science , vol.22 , Issue.4 , pp. 305-309
    • Liu, Z.1    Li, Z.2    Liu, X.3
  • 58
    • 55949136010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ginsenoside Rb1 preconditioning protects against myocardial infarction after regional ischemia and reperfusion by activation of phosphatidylinositol-3- kinase signal transduction
    • Wang Z, Li M, Wu WK, et al. Ginsenoside Rb1 preconditioning protects against myocardial infarction after regional ischemia and reperfusion by activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase signal transduction. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2008; 22: 443-52
    • (2008) Cardiovasc Drugs Ther , vol.22 , pp. 443-452
    • Wang, Z.1    Li, M.2    Wu, W.K.3
  • 60
    • 77953272248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ginsenoside Rb1 protects cardiomyocytes against CoCl2-induced apoptosis in neonatal rats by inhibiting mitochondria permeability transition pore opening
    • Kong HL, Li ZQ, Zhao YJ, et al. Ginsenoside Rb1 protects cardiomyocytes against CoCl2-induced apoptosis in neonatal rats by inhibiting mitochondria permeability transition pore opening. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2010; 31: 687-95
    • (2010) Acta Pharmacol Sin , vol.31 , pp. 687-695
    • Kong, H.L.1    Li, Z.Q.2    Zhao, Y.J.3
  • 61
    • 80052502386 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effect of ginsenoside Rb1 against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
    • Oct
    • Wu Y, Xia ZY, Dou J, et al. Protective effect of ginsenoside Rb1 against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Mol Biol Rep 2011 Oct; 38 (7): 4327-35
    • (2011) Mol Biol Rep , vol.38 , Issue.7 , pp. 4327-4335
    • Wu, Y.1    Xia, Z.Y.2    Dou, J.3
  • 62
    • 69249148258 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ginsenoside Rg1 protects rat cardiomyocyte from hypoxia/reoxygenation oxidative injury via antioxidant and intracellular calcium homeostasis
    • Zhu D, Wu L, Li CR, et al. Ginsenoside Rg1 protects rat cardiomyocyte from hypoxia/reoxygenation oxidative injury via antioxidant and intracellular calcium homeostasis. J Cell Biochem 2009; 108: 117-24
    • (2009) J Cell Biochem , vol.108 , pp. 117-124
    • Zhu, D.1    Wu, L.2    Li, C.R.3
  • 63
    • 77954475152 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect and mechanism of panaxoside Rg1 on neovascularization in myocardial infarction rats
    • Wang XD, Gu TX, Shi EY, et al. Effect and mechanism of panaxoside Rg1 on neovascularization in myocardial infarction rats. Chin J Integr Med 2010; 16: 162-6
    • (2010) Chin J Integr Med , vol.16 , pp. 162-166
    • Wang, X.D.1    Gu, T.X.2    Shi, E.Y.3
  • 64
    • 80053979092 scopus 로고
    • Effects of Panax notoginseng saponin Rg1 on cardiac electrophysiological properties and ventricular fibrillation threshold in dogs
    • Wu W, Zhang XM, Liu PM, et al. Effects of Panax notoginseng saponin Rg1 on cardiac electrophysiological properties and ventricular fibrillation threshold in dogs. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao 1995; 6: 459-63
    • (1995) Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao , vol.6 , pp. 459-463
    • Wu, W.1    Zhang, X.M.2    Liu, P.M.3
  • 65
    • 0142169482 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrophysiological effects of ginseng and ginsenoside Re in guinea pig ventricular myocytes
    • DOI 10.1016/S0014-2999(03)02174-5
    • Bai CX, Sunami A, Namiki T, et al. Electrophysiological effects of ginseng and ginsenoside Re in guinea pig ventricular myocytes. Eur J Pharmacol 2003; 476: 35-44 (Pubitemid 37315534)
    • (2003) European Journal of Pharmacology , vol.476 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 35-44
    • Bai, C.-X.1    Sunami, A.2    Namiki, T.3    Sawanobori, T.4    Furukawa, T.5
  • 66
    • 67650144850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiarrhythmic activity of phytoadaptogens in short-term ischemia-reperfusion of the heart and postinfarction cardiosclerosis
    • Maslov LN, Lishmanov YB, Arbuzov AG, et al. Antiarrhythmic activity of phytoadaptogens in short-term ischemia-reperfusion of the heart and postinfarction cardiosclerosis. Bull Exp Biol Med 2009; 147: 331-4
    • (2009) Bull Exp Biol Med , vol.147 , pp. 331-334
    • Maslov, L.N.1    Lishmanov, Y.B.2    Arbuzov, A.G.3
  • 67
    • 52449129850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ginsenoside Re suppresses electromechanical alternans in cat and human cardiomyocytes
    • Wang YG, Zima AV, Ji X, et al. Ginsenoside Re suppresses electromechanical alternans in cat and human cardiomyocytes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2008; 295: H851-9
    • (2008) Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol , vol.295
    • Wang, Y.G.1    Zima, A.V.2    Ji, X.3
  • 68
    • 42049108814 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms underlying acute protection from cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury
    • DOI 10.1152/physrev.00024.2007
    • Murphy E, Steenbergen C. Mechanisms underlying acute protection from cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. Physiol Rev 2008; 88: 581-609 (Pubitemid 351520088)
    • (2008) Physiological Reviews , vol.88 , Issue.2 , pp. 581-609
    • Murphy, E.1    Steenbergen, C.2
  • 69
    • 68249109183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of endothelial nitric oxide by plant-derived products
    • Schmitt CA, Dirsch VM. Modulation of endothelial nitric oxide by plant-derived products. Nitric Oxide 2009; 21: 77-91
    • (2009) Nitric Oxide , vol.21 , pp. 77-91
    • Schmitt, C.A.1    Dirsch, V.M.2
  • 70
    • 0029853361 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular protection by ginsenosides and their nitric oxide releasing action
    • Chen X. Cardiovascular protection by ginsenosides and their nitric oxide releasing action. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1996; 23: 728-32 (Pubitemid 26373922)
    • (1996) Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology , vol.23 , Issue.8 , pp. 728-732
    • Chen, X.1
  • 71
    • 0030757369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Panax ginseng pharmacology: A nitric oxide link?
    • DOI 10.1016/S0006-2952(97)00193-7, PII S0006295297001937
    • Gillis CN. Panax ginseng pharmacology: a nitric oxide link? Biochem Pharmacol 1997; 54: 1-8 (Pubitemid 27353216)
    • (1997) Biochemical Pharmacology , vol.54 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-8
    • Gillis, C.N.1
  • 72
    • 0141926721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide, human diseases and the herbal products that affect the nitric oxide signalling pathway
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1440-1681.2003.03885.x
    • Achike FI, Kwan CY. Nitric oxide, human diseases and the herbal products that affect the nitric oxide signalling pathway. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2003; 30: 605-15 (Pubitemid 37229094)
    • (2003) Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology , vol.30 , Issue.9 , pp. 605-615
    • Achike, F.I.1    Kwan, C.-Y.2
  • 73
    • 0034747182 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 1 and Re decrease cardiac contraction in adult rat ventricular myocytes: Role of nitric oxide
    • Scott GI, Colligan PB, Ren BH, et al. Ginsenosides Rb1 and Re decrease cardiac contraction in adult rat ventricular myocytes: role of nitric oxide. Br J Pharmacol 2001; 134: 1159-65 (Pubitemid 33097245)
    • (2001) British Journal of Pharmacology , vol.134 , Issue.6 , pp. 1159-1165
    • Scott, G.I.1    Colligan, P.B.2    Ren, B.H.3    Ren, J.4
  • 74
    • 3042820953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 2+ current by ginsenoside Re, an ingredient of Panax ginseng, in guinea-pig cardiomyocytes
    • DOI 10.1038/sj.bjp.0705814
    • Bai CX, Takahashi K, Masumiya H, et al. Nitric oxidedependent modulation of the delayed rectifier K+ current and the L-type Ca2+ current by ginsenoside Re, an ingredient of Panax ginseng, in guinea-pig cardiomyocytes. Br J Pharmacol 2004; 142: 567-75 (Pubitemid 38869871)
    • (2004) British Journal of Pharmacology , vol.142 , Issue.3 , pp. 567-575
    • Bai, C.-X.1    Takahashi, C.2    Masumiya, H.3    Sawanobori, T.4    Furukawa, T.5
  • 76
    • 33646556664 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Signaling pathway of ginsenoside-Rg1 leading to nitric oxide production in endothelial cells
    • DOI 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.04.080, PII S0014579306005370
    • Leung KW, Cheng YK, Mak NK, et al. Signaling pathway of ginsenoside-Rg1 leading to nitric oxide production in endothelial cells. FEBS Lett 2006; 580: 3211-6 (Pubitemid 43729672)
    • (2006) FEBS Letters , vol.580 , Issue.13 , pp. 3211-3216
    • Leung, K.W.1    Cheng, Y.-K.2    Mak, N.K.3    Chan, K.K.C.4    David Fan, T.P.5    Wong, R.N.S.6
  • 77
    • 77957806497 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Total ginsenosides increase coronary perfusion flow in isolated rat hearts through activation of PI3K/Akt-eNOS signaling
    • Yi XQ, Li T, Wang JR, et al. Total ginsenosides increase coronary perfusion flow in isolated rat hearts through activation of PI3K/Akt-eNOS signaling. Phytomedicine 2010; 17: 1006-15
    • (2010) Phytomedicine , vol.17 , pp. 1006-1015
    • Yi, X.Q.1    Li, T.2    Wang, J.R.3
  • 79
    • 34548169064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Commonly used antioxidant botanicals: Active constituents and their potential role in cardiovascular illness
    • DOI 10.1142/S0192415X07005053, PII S0192415X07005053
    • Wang CZ, Mehendale SR, Yuan CS, et al. Commonly used antioxidant botanicals: active constituents and their potential role in cardiovascular illness.AmJ Chin Med 2007; 35: 543-58 (Pubitemid 47307694)
    • (2007) American Journal of Chinese Medicine , vol.35 , Issue.4 , pp. 543-558
    • Wang, C.-Z.1    Mehendale, S.R.2    Yuan, C.-S.3
  • 80
    • 0242577019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic ginseng consumption attenuates ageassociated oxidative stress in rats
    • Fu Y, Ji LL. Chronic ginseng consumption attenuates ageassociated oxidative stress in rats. J Nutr 2003; 133: 3603-9
    • (2003) J Nutr , vol.133 , pp. 3603-3639
    • Fu, Y.1    Ji, L.L.2
  • 81
    • 77954958647 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An essential role of Nrf2 in American ginseng-mediated anti-oxidative actions in cardiomyocytes
    • Li J, Ichikawa T, Jin Y. An essential role of Nrf2 in American ginseng-mediated anti-oxidative actions in cardiomyocytes. J Ethnopharmacol 2010; 130: 222-30
    • (2010) J Ethnopharmacol , vol.130 , pp. 222-230
    • Li, J.1    Ichikawa, T.2    Jin, Y.3
  • 82
    • 33644544121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antioxidant effects of ginsenoside Re in cardiomyocytes
    • Xie JT, Shao ZH, Vanden Hoek TL, et al. Antioxidant effects of ginsenoside Re in cardiomyocytes. Eur J Pharmacol 2006; 532: 201-7
    • (2006) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.532 , pp. 201-207
    • Xie, J.T.1    Zh, S.2    Vanden Hoek, T.L.3
  • 83
    • 78650415275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ginsenoside Rg1 protects against hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death in PC12 cells via inhibiting NF-kB activation
    • Liu Q, Kou JP, Yu BY. Ginsenoside Rg1 protects against hydrogen peroxide-induced cell death in PC12 cells via inhibiting NF-kB activation. Neurochem Int 2011; 58: 119-25
    • (2011) Neurochem Int , vol.58 , pp. 119-125
    • Liu, Q.1    Kou, J.P.2    Yu, B.Y.3
  • 85
  • 86
    • 3543023960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protective effect of Shen-Fu on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats
    • DOI 10.1142/S0192415X04001874
    • Zheng SY, Sun J, Zhao X, et al. Protective effect of shen-fu on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Am J Chin Med 2004; 32: 209-20 (Pubitemid 39011015)
    • (2004) American Journal of Chinese Medicine , vol.32 , Issue.2 , pp. 209-220
    • Zheng, S.-Y.1    Sun, J.2    Zhao, X.3    Xu, J.-G.4
  • 87
    • 58149192321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shenfu injection suppresses apoptosis by regulation of Bcl-2 and caspase-3 during hypoxia/reoxygenation in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes in vitro
    • Wang YL, Wang CY, Zhang BJ, et al. Shenfu injection suppresses apoptosis by regulation of Bcl-2 and caspase-3 during hypoxia/reoxygenation in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes in vitro. Mol Biol Rep 2009; 36: 365-70
    • (2009) Mol Biol Rep , vol.36 , pp. 365-370
    • Wang, Y.L.1    Wang, C.Y.2    Zhang, B.J.3
  • 88
    • 34250729007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening as an endpoint to initiate cell death and as a putative target for cardioprotection
    • DOI 10.1159/000103747
    • Javadov S, Karmazyn M. Mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening as an endpoint to initiate cell death and as a putative target for cardioprotection. Cell Physiol Biochem 2007; 20: 1-22 (Pubitemid 46956808)
    • (2007) Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry , vol.20 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 1-22
    • Javadov, S.1    Karmazyn, M.2
  • 89
    • 65249131690 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-hypoxic effect of ginsenoside Rbl on neonatal rat cardiomyocytes is mediated through the specific activation of glucose transporter-4 ex vivo
    • Kong HL, Wang JP, Li ZQ, et al. Anti-hypoxic effect of ginsenoside Rbl on neonatal rat cardiomyocytes is mediated through the specific activation of glucose transporter-4 ex vivo. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2009; 30: 396-403
    • (2009) Acta Pharmacol Sin , vol.30 , pp. 396-403
    • Kong, H.L.1    Wang, J.P.2    Li, Z.Q.3
  • 90
    • 79251589037 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Shen-Fu injection preconditioning inhibits myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in diabetic rats: Activation of eNOS via the PI3K/Akt pathway
    • 2011
    • Wu Y, Xia ZY, Meng QT, et al. Shen-Fu injection preconditioning inhibits myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in diabetic rats: activation of eNOS via the PI3K/Akt pathway. J Biomed Biotechnol 2011; 2011: 1-9
    • (2011) J Biomed Biotechnol , pp. 1-9
    • Wu, Y.1    Xia, Z.Y.2    Meng, Q.T.3
  • 91
    • 0036023351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sheng-Mai-San is protective against post-ischemic myocardial dysfunction in rats through its opening of the mitochondrial KATP channels
    • Wang N, Minatoguchi S, Arai M, et al. Sheng-Mai-San is protective against post-ischemic myocardial dysfunction in rats through its opening of the mitochondrial KATP channels. Circ J 2002; 66: 763-8
    • (2002) Circ J , vol.66 , pp. 763-768
    • Wang, N.1    Minatoguchi, S.2    Arai, M.3
  • 92
    • 51349086818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of the pharmacological effects of Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolium
    • Chen CF, Chiou WF, Zhang JT. Comparison of the pharmacological effects of Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolium. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2008; 29: 1103-8
    • (2008) Acta Pharmacol Sin , vol.29 , pp. 1103-1138
    • Chen, C.F.1    Chiou, W.F.2    Zhang, J.T.3
  • 93
    • 78751498349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic effect of Korean red ginseng on inflammatory cytokines in rats with focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury
    • Lee JS, Choi HS, Kang SW, et al. Therapeutic effect of Korean red ginseng on inflammatory cytokines in rats with focal cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Am J Chin Med 2011; 39: 83-94
    • (2011) Am J Chin Med , vol.39 , pp. 83-94
    • Lee, J.S.1    Choi, H.S.2    Kang, S.W.3
  • 94
    • 79751531393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart disease and stroke statistics 2011 update: A report from the American Heart Association
    • Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-JonesDM, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics. 2011 update: a report from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2011; 123: e18-209
    • (2011) Circulation , vol.123
    • Roger, V.L.1    Go, A.S.2    Lloyd-Jones, D.M.3
  • 95
    • 1842579393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypertrophy of the heart: A new therapeutic target?
    • Frey N, KatusHA,Olsen EN, et al.Hypertrophy of the heart: a new therapeutic target? Circulation 2004; 109: 1580-9
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.109 , pp. 1580-1509
    • Frey, N.1    Katus, H.A.2    Olsen, E.N.3
  • 96
    • 79952256605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ginseng inhibits cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and heart failure via NHE-1 inhibition and attenuation of calcineurin activation
    • Guo J, Gan XT, Haist JV, et al. Ginseng inhibits cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and heart failure via NHE-1 inhibition and attenuation of calcineurin activation. Circ Heart Fail 2011; 4: 79-88
    • (2011) Circ Heart Fail , vol.4 , pp. 79-88
    • Guo, J.1    Gan, X.T.2    Haist, J.V.3
  • 97
    • 34547634868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on calcineurin signal pathway in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by prostaglandin F2alpha
    • Jiang QS, Huang XN, Yang GZ, et al. Inhibitory effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on calcineurin signal pathway in cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by prostaglandin F2alpha. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2007; 28: 1149-54
    • (2007) Acta Pharmacol Sin , vol.28 , pp. 1149-1154
    • Jiang, Q.S.1    Huang, X.N.2    Yang, G.Z.3
  • 98
    • 26944502339 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular effects of trilinolein, a natural triglyceride isolated from the herb Sanchi (Panax notoginseng)
    • Chan P, Kao PF, Tomlinson B. Cardiovascular effects of trilinolein, a natural triglyceride isolated from the herb sanchi (Panax notoginseng). Acta Cardiol Sin 2005; 21: 71-6 (Pubitemid 41482832)
    • (2005) Acta Cardiologica Sinica , vol.21 , Issue.2 , pp. 71-76
    • Chan, P.1    Kao, P.-F.2    Tomlinson, B.3
  • 99
    • 21344449545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanism of the inhibitory effect of trilinolein on endothelin-1-induced hypertrophy of cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes
    • Chen SC, Cheng JJ, Hsieh MH, et al. Molecular mechanism of the inhibitory effect of trilinolein on endothelin-1-induced hypertrophy of cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Planta Med 2005; 71: 525-9
    • (2005) Planta Med , vol.71 , pp. 525-529
    • Chen, S.C.1    Cheng, J.J.2    Hsieh, M.H.3
  • 100
    • 77950884759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of nitric oxide in ginsenoside Rg1-induced protection against left ventricular hypertrophy produced by abdominal aorta coarctation in rats
    • Deng J, Wang YW, Chen WM, et al. Role of nitric oxide in ginsenoside Rg1-induced protection against left ventricular hypertrophy produced by abdominal aorta coarctation in rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2010; 33: 631-5
    • (2010) Biol Pharm Bull , vol.33 , pp. 631-635
    • Deng, J.1    Wang, Y.W.2    Chen, W.M.3
  • 101
    • 63149107849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ginsenoside Rg1 inhibits rat left ventricular hypertrophy induced by abdominal aorta coarctation: Involvement of calcineurin and mitogenactivated protein kinase signalings
    • Deng J, Lv XT, Wu Q, et al. Ginsenoside Rg1 inhibits rat left ventricular hypertrophy induced by abdominal aorta coarctation: involvement of calcineurin and mitogenactivated protein kinase signalings. Eur J Pharmacol 2009; 608: 42-7
    • (2009) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.608 , pp. 42-7
    • Deng, J.1    Lv, X.T.2    Wu, Q.3
  • 102
    • 48849113659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Total ginsenosides inhibit the right ventricular hypertrophy induced by monocrotaline in rats
    • Qin N, Gong QH, Wei LW, et al. Total ginsenosides inhibit the right ventricular hypertrophy induced by monocrotaline in rats. Biol Pharm Bull 2008; 31: 1530-1135
    • (2008) Biol Pharm Bull , vol.31 , pp. 1530-1135
    • Qin, N.1    Gong, Q.H.2    Wei, L.W.3
  • 103
    • 34247367246 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibitory effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on cardiac hypertrophy induced by monocrotaline in rat
    • Jiang QS, Huang XN, Dai ZK, et al. Inhibitory effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on cardiac hypertrophy induced by monocrotaline in rat. J Ethnopharmacol 2007; 111: 567-72
    • (2007) J Ethnopharmacol , vol.111 , pp. 567-572
    • Jiang, Q.S.1    Huang, X.N.2    Dai, Z.K.3
  • 104
    • 76149092877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhibition of the calcineurin-NFAT signalling cascade in the treatment of heart failure
    • Panther F, Williams T, Ritter O. Inhibition of the calcineurin-NFAT signalling cascade in the treatment of heart failure. Recent Pat Cardiovasc Drug Discov 2009; 4: 180-6
    • (2009) Recent Pat Cardiovasc Drug Discov , vol.4 , pp. 180-186
    • Panther, F.1    Williams, T.2    Ritter, O.3
  • 105
    • 42749083194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of NHE-1 in myocardial hypertrophy and remodeling
    • Karmazyn M, Kilić A, Javadov S. The role of NHE-1 in myocardial hypertrophy and remodeling. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2008; 44: 647-53
    • (2008) J Mol Cell Cardiol , vol.44 , pp. 647-653
    • Karmazyn, M.1    Kilić, A.2    Javadov, S.3
  • 106
    • 80053959390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) attenuates leptin-induced cardiac hypertrophy through inhibition of p115RhoGEF-RhoA/ROCK-dependent MAPK pathway activation
    • Epub Aug 29
    • Moey M, Rajapurohitam V, Zeidan A, et al. Ginseng (Panax quinquefolius) attenuates leptin-induced cardiac hypertrophy through inhibition of p115RhoGEF-RhoA/ROCK-dependent MAPK pathway activation. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. Epub 2011 Aug 29
    • (2011) J Pharmacol Exp Ther
    • Moey, M.1    Rajapurohitam, V.2    Zeidan, A.3
  • 107
    • 33748203060 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials of herbal medicine interventions
    • Gagnier JJ, DeMelo J, Boon H, et al. Quality of reporting of randomized controlled trials of herbal medicine interventions. Am J Med 2006; 119: 800.e1-11
    • (2006) Am J Med , vol.119
    • Gagnier, J.J.1    Demelo, J.2    Boon, H.3
  • 108
    • 79956222389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized controlled trials of herbal interventions underreport important details of the intervention
    • Gagnier JJ, Moher D, Boon H, et al. Randomized controlled trials of herbal interventions underreport important details of the intervention. J Clin Epidemiol 2011; 64: 760-9
    • (2011) J Clin Epidemiol , vol.64 , pp. 760-769
    • Gagnier, J.J.1    Moher, D.2    Boon, H.3
  • 109
    • 77955100524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quality of reporting of trial abstracts needs to be improved: Using the CONSORT for abstracts to assess the four leading Chinese medical journals of traditional Chinese medicine
    • Wang L, Li Y, Li J, et al. Quality of reporting of trial abstracts needs to be improved: using the CONSORT for abstracts to assess the four leading Chinese medical journals of traditional Chinese medicine. Trials 2010; 11: 75
    • (2010) Trials , vol.11 , pp. 75
    • Wang, L.1    Li, Y.2    Li, J.3
  • 110
    • 0032830802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The efficacy of ginseng. A systematic review of randomised clinical trials
    • DOI 10.1007/s002280050674
    • Volger BK, Pittler MH, Ernst E. The efficacy of ginseng: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 1999; 55: 567-75 (Pubitemid 29489202)
    • (1999) European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , vol.55 , Issue.8 , pp. 567-575
    • Vogler, B.K.1    Pittler, M.H.2    Ernst, E.3
  • 111
    • 70350099283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between ginseng intake and mortality: Kangwha cohort study
    • Yi SW, Sull JW, Hong JS, et al. Association between ginseng intake and mortality: Kangwha cohort study. J Altern Complement Med 2009; 15: 921-8
    • (2009) J Altern Complement Med , vol.15 , pp. 921-928
    • Yi, S.W.1    Sull, J.W.2    Hong, J.S.3
  • 113
    • 0031082618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 116 cases of coronary angina pectoris treated with powder composed of radix ginseng, radix notoginseng and succinum
    • Yuan J, Guo W, Yang B, et al. 116 cases of coronary angina pectoris treated with powder composed of radix ginseng, radix notoginseng and succinum. J Tradit Chin Med 1997; 17: 14-7
    • (1997) J Tradit Chin Med , vol.17 , pp. 14-7
    • Yuan, J.1    Guo, W.2    Yang, B.3
  • 114
    • 79551658049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Red ginseng extract improves coronary flow reserve and increases absolute numbers of various circulating angiogenic cells in patients with first ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction
    • Ahn CM, Hong SJ, Choi SC, et al. Red ginseng extract improves coronary flow reserve and increases absolute numbers of various circulating angiogenic cells in patients with first ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction. Phytother Res 2011; 25: 239-49
    • (2011) Phytother Res , vol.25 , pp. 239-249
    • Ahn, C.M.1    Hong, S.J.2    Choi, S.C.3
  • 115
    • 41749101245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardioprotection of Shenfu Injection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in open heart surgery
    • DOI 10.1007/s11655-008-0010-y
    • Zheng CD, Min S. Cardioprotection of Shenfu injection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in open heart surgery. Chin J Integr Med 2008; 14: 10-6 (Pubitemid 351488143)
    • (2008) Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 10-16
    • Zheng, C.-D.1    Min, S.2
  • 116
    • 0024395613 scopus 로고
    • Ginseng - Is there a use in clinical medicine?
    • Cheng TO. Ginseng: is there a use in clinical medicine [letter]? Postgrad Med J 1989; 65: 427 (Pubitemid 19152206)
    • (1989) Postgraduate Medical Journal , vol.65 , Issue.764 , pp. 427
    • Cheng, T.O.1
  • 117
    • 0033647591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of red ginseng upon vascular endothelial function in patients with essential hypertension
    • Sung J, Han KH, Zo JH, et al. Effects of red ginseng upon vascular endothelial function in patients with essential hypertension. Am J Chin Med 2000; 28: 205-16
    • (2000) Am J Chin Med , vol.28 , pp. 205-216
    • Sung, J.1    Han, K.H.2    Zo, J.H.3
  • 118
    • 0032245997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of red ginseng on blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension and white coat hypertension
    • Han KH, Choe SC, Kim HS, et al. Effect of red ginseng on blood pressure in patients with essential hypertension and white coat hypertension. Am J ChinMed 1998; 26: 199-209 (Pubitemid 128731306)
    • (1998) American Journal of Chinese Medicine , vol.26 , Issue.2 , pp. 199-209
    • Han, K.H.1
  • 119
    • 77951113474 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Mayer) and its isolated ginsenosides and polysaccharides on arterial stiffness in healthy individuals
    • Jovanovski E, Jenkins A, Dias AG, et al. Effects of Korean red ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Mayer) and its isolated ginsenosides and polysaccharides on arterial stiffness in healthy individuals. Am J Hypertens 2010; 23: 469-72
    • (2010) Am J Hypertens , vol.23 , pp. 469-472
    • Jovanovski, E.1    Jenkins, A.2    Dias, A.G.3
  • 121
    • 79251644309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Korean red ginseng on arterial stiffness in subjects with hypertension
    • Rhee MY, Kim YS, Bae JH, et al. Effect of Korean red ginseng on arterial stiffness in subjects with hypertension. J Altern Complement Med 2011; 17: 45-9
    • (2011) J Altern Complement Med , vol.17 , pp. 45-9
    • Rhee, M.Y.1    Kim, Y.S.2    Bae, J.H.3
  • 122
    • 23244447852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • North American ginseng exerts a neutral effect on blood pressure in individuals with hypertension
    • DOI 10.1161/01.HYP.0000173424.77483.1e
    • Stavro PM, Woo M, Heim TF, et al. North American ginseng exerts a neutral effect on blood pressure in individuals with hypertension. Hypertension 2005; 46: 406-11 (Pubitemid 41099177)
    • (2005) Hypertension , vol.46 , Issue.2 , pp. 406-411
    • Stavro, P.M.1    Woo, M.2    Heim, T.F.3    Leiter, L.A.4    Vuksan, V.5
  • 123
    • 33645831759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term intake of North American ginseng has no effect on 24-hour blood pressure and renal function
    • DOI 10.1161/01.HYP.0000205150.43169.2c, PII 0000426820060400000030
    • Stavro PM, Woo M, Leiter LA, et al. Long-term intake of North American ginseng has no effect on 24-hour blood pressure and renal function. Hypertension 2006; 47: 791-6 (Pubitemid 43740253)
    • (2006) Hypertension , vol.47 , Issue.4 , pp. 791-796
    • Stavro, P.M.1    Woo, M.2    Leiter, L.A.3    Heim, T.F.4    Sievenpiper, J.L.5    Vuksan, V.6
  • 124
    • 0031752198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Orally administered ginseng extract reduces serum total cholesterol and triglycerides that induce fatty liver in 66% hepatectomized rats
    • Cui X, Sakaguchi T, Ishizuka D, et al. Orally administered ginseng extract reduces serum total cholesterol and triglycerides that induce fatty liver in 66% hepatectomized rats. J Int Med Res 1998; 26: 181-7 (Pubitemid 28477154)
    • (1998) Journal of International Medical Research , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 181-187
    • Cui, X.1    Sakaguchi, T.2    Ishizuka, D.3    Tsukada, K.4    Hatakeyama, K.5
  • 125
    • 79955012389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of Sanchi (Radix Notoginseng) in rats fed with a high fat diet
    • Xia W, Sun C, Zhao Y, et al. Hypolipidemic and antioxidant activities of Sanchi (Radix Notoginseng) in rats fed with a high fat diet. Phytomedicine 2011; 18: 516-20
    • (2011) Phytomedicine , vol.18 , pp. 516-520
    • Xia, W.1    Sun, C.2    Zhao, Y.3
  • 126
    • 0037328536 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Panax notoginseng (Burk.) Effects on fibrinogen and lipid plasma level in rats fed on a high-fat diet
    • DOI 10.1002/ptr.1262
    • Cicero AF, Vitale G, Savino G, et al. Panax notoginseng (Burk.) effects on fibrinogen and lipid plasma level in rats fed on a high-fat diet. Phytother Res 2003; 17: 174-8 (Pubitemid 36262269)
    • (2003) Phytotherapy Research , vol.17 , Issue.2 , pp. 174-178
    • Cicero, A.F.G.1    Vitale, G.2    Savino, G.3    Arletti, R.4
  • 127
    • 0021011176 scopus 로고
    • Serum HDLcholesterol-increasing and fatty liver-improving actions of Panax ginseng in high cholesterol diet-fed rats with clinical effect on hyperlipidemia in man
    • Yamamoto M, Uemura T, Nakama S, et al. Serum HDLcholesterol-increasing and fatty liver-improving actions of Panax ginseng in high cholesterol diet-fed rats with clinical effect on hyperlipidemia in man. Am J Chin Med 1983; 11: 96-101
    • (1983) Am J Chin Med , vol.11 , pp. 96-101
    • Yamamoto, M.1    Uemura, T.2    Nakama, S.3
  • 128
    • 0033203510 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lipoprotein lipase activation by red Ginseng saponins in hyperlipidemia model animals
    • Inoue M, Wu CZ, Dou DQ, et al. Lipoprotein lipase activation by red ginseng saponins in hyperlipidemia model animals. Phytomedicine 1999; 6: 257-65 (Pubitemid 129633199)
    • (1999) Phytomedicine , vol.6 , Issue.4 , pp. 257-265
    • Inoue, M.1    Wu, C.Z.2    Dou, D.Q.3    Chen, Y.J.4    Ogihara, Y.5
  • 129
    • 33749990092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ginsenoside Re of Panax ginseng possesses significant antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic efficacies in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats
    • DOI 10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.08.056, PII S0014299906009435
    • Cho WC, Chung WS, Lee SK, et al. Ginsenoside Re of Panax ginseng possesses significant antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic efficacies in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2006; 550: 173-9 (Pubitemid 44572271)
    • (2006) European Journal of Pharmacology , vol.550 , Issue.1-3 , pp. 173-179
    • Cho, W.C.S.1    Chung, W.-S.2    Lee, S.K.W.3    Leung, A.W.N.4    Cheng, C.H.K.5    Yue, K.K.M.6
  • 130
    • 77649228016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anti-hyperlipidemic effects of red ginseng acidic polysaccharide from Korean red ginseng
    • Kwak YS, Kyung JS, Kim JS, et al. Anti-hyperlipidemic effects of red ginseng acidic polysaccharide from Korean red ginseng. Biol Pharm Bull 2010; 33: 468-72
    • (2010) Biol Pharm Bull , vol.33 , pp. 468-472
    • Kwak, Y.S.1    Kyung, J.S.2    Kim, J.S.3
  • 131
    • 0033082203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Study of the hypolipidemic properties of pectin, garlic and ginseng in hypercholesterolemic rabbits
    • DOI 10.1006/phrs.1998.0421
    • Ismail MF, Gad MZ, Hamdy MA. Study of the hypolipidemic properties of pectin, garlic and ginseng in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Pharmacol Res 1999; 39: 157-66 (Pubitemid 29106167)
    • (1999) Pharmacological Research , vol.39 , Issue.2 , pp. 157-166
    • Ismail, M.F.1    Gad, M.Z.2    Hamdy, M.A.3
  • 132
    • 0041826972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of Panax ginseng extract on lipid metabolism in humans
    • Kim SH, Park KS. Effects of Panax ginseng extract on lipid metabolism in humans. Pharmacol Res 2003; 48: 511-3
    • (2003) Pharmacol Res , vol.48 , pp. 511-513
    • Kim, S.H.1    Park, K.S.2
  • 133
    • 79952093907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Supplementation of cheonggukjang and red ginseng cheonggukjang can improve plasma lipid profile and fasting blood glucose concentration in subjects with impaired fasting glucose
    • Shin SK, Kwon JH, Jeong YJ, et al. Supplementation of cheonggukjang and red ginseng cheonggukjang can improve plasma lipid profile and fasting blood glucose concentration in subjects with impaired fasting glucose. J Med Food 2011; 14: 108-13
    • (2011) J Med Food , vol.14 , pp. 108-113
    • Shin, S.K.1    Kwon, J.H.2    Jeong, Y.J.3
  • 134
    • 33751311769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities of Korean Red Ginseng
    • Yu JY, Jin YR, Lee JJ, et al. Antiplatelet and antithrombotic activities of Korean Red Ginseng. Arch Pharm Res 2006; 29: 898-903
    • (2006) Arch Pharm Res , vol.29 , pp. 898-903
    • Yu, J.Y.1    Jin, Y.R.2    Lee, J.J.3
  • 135
    • 0024552658 scopus 로고
    • Antiplatelet actions of panaxynol and ginsenosides isolated from ginseng
    • Teng CM, Kuo SC, Ko FN, et al. Antiplatelet actions of panaxynol and ginsenosides isolated from ginseng. Biochim Biophys Acta 1989; 990: 315-20
    • (1989) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.990 , pp. 315-320
    • Teng, C.M.1    Kuo, S.C.2    Ko, F.N.3
  • 136
    • 0029619278 scopus 로고
    • Effect of non-saponin fraction from Panax ginseng on cGMP and thromboxane A2 in human platelet aggregation
    • Park HJ, Rhee MH, Park KM, et al. Effect of non-saponin fraction from Panax ginseng on cGMP and thromboxane A2 in human platelet aggregation. J Ethnopharmacol 1995; 49: 157-62
    • (1995) J Ethnopharmacol , vol.49 , pp. 157-162
    • Park, H.J.1    Rhee, M.H.2    Park, K.M.3
  • 137
    • 0025368740 scopus 로고
    • Antiplatelet components in Panax ginseng
    • Kuo SC, Teng CM, Lee JC, et al. Antiplatelet components in Panax ginseng. Planta Med 1990; 56: 164-7
    • (1990) Planta Med , vol.56 , pp. 164-167
    • Kuo, S.C.1    Teng, C.M.2    Lee, J.C.3
  • 139
    • 0036283370 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Panax ginseng: A systematic review of adverse effects and drug interactions
    • Coon JT, Ernst E. Panax ginseng: a systematic review of adverse effects and drug interactions. Drug Saf 2002; 25: 323-44 (Pubitemid 34634271)
    • (2002) Drug Safety , vol.25 , Issue.5 , pp. 323-344
    • Coon, J.T.1    Ernst, E.2
  • 140
    • 22344442117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The efficacy of herbal medicine: An overview
    • Ernst E. The efficacy of herbal medicine: an overview. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2005; 19: 405-9
    • (2005) Fundam Clin Pharmacol , vol.19 , pp. 405-409
    • Ernst, E.1
  • 141
    • 77956900953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vascular smooth muscle dysfunction and remodeling induced by ginsenoside Rg3, a bioactive component of ginseng
    • Lee JY, Lim KM, Kim SY, et al. Vascular smooth muscle dysfunction and remodeling induced by ginsenoside Rg3, a bioactive component of ginseng. Toxicol Sci 2010; 117: 505-14
    • (2010) Toxicol Sci , vol.117 , pp. 505-514
    • Lee, J.Y.1    Lim, K.M.2    Kim, S.Y.3
  • 142
    • 4444335894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embryotoxicity study of ginsenoside Rc and Re in in vitro rat whole embryo culture
    • DOI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2004.06.001, PII S0890623804001133
    • Chan LY, Chiu PY, Lau TK. Embryotoxicity study of gisensoide Rc and Re in in vitro rat whole embryo culture. Reprod Toxicol 2004; 19: 131-4 (Pubitemid 39164886)
    • (2004) Reproductive Toxicology , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 131-134
    • Chan, L.Y.1    Chiu, P.Y.2    Lau, T.K.3
  • 143
    • 30644459366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on postimplantation rat and mouse embryos cultured in vitro
    • DOI 10.1016/j.tiv.2005.06.029, PII S0887233305001438
    • Liu P, Yin H, Xu Y, et al. Effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on postimplantation rat and mouse embryos cultured in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro 2006; 20: 234-8 (Pubitemid 43087706)
    • (2006) Toxicology in Vitro , vol.20 , Issue.2 , pp. 234-238
    • Liu, P.1    Yin, H.2    Xu, Y.3    Zhang, Z.4    Chen, K.5    Li, Y.6
  • 144
    • 77149124601 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Korean red ginseng extract does not cause embryo-fetal death or abnormalities in mice
    • Shin S, Jang JY, Park D, et al. Korean red ginseng extract does not cause embryo-fetal death or abnormalities in mice. Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol 2010; 89: 78-85
    • (2010) Birth Defects Res B Dev Reprod Toxicol , vol.89 , pp. 78-85
    • Shin, S.1    Jang, J.Y.2    Park, D.3
  • 145
    • 84862447384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient ischemic attack secondary to hypertensive crisis related to Panax ginseng
    • Martínez-Mir I,Rubio E,Morales-Olivas FJ, et al. Transient ischemic attack secondary to hypertensive crisis related to Panax ginseng. Ann Pharmacother 2004; 38: 1967-72
    • (2004) Ann Pharmacother , vol.38 , pp. 1967-1972
    • Martínez-Mir, I.1    Rubio, E.2    Morales-Olivas, F.J.3
  • 147
    • 77951912314 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bradyarrhythmia caused by ginseng in a patient with chronic kidney disease
    • Liao WI, Lin YY, Chu SJ, et al. Bradyarrhythmia caused by ginseng in a patient with chronic kidney disease. Am J Emerg Med 2010; 28: 538.e5-6
    • (2010) Am J Emerg Med , vol.28
    • Liao, W.I.1    Lin, Y.Y.2    Chu, S.J.3
  • 148
    • 0347510705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug interactions between herbal and prescription medicines
    • DOI 10.2165/00002018-200326150-00002
    • Williamson EM. Drug interactions between herbal and prescription medicines. Drug Saf 2003; 26: 1075-92 (Pubitemid 38021390)
    • (2003) Drug Safety , vol.26 , Issue.15 , pp. 1075-1092
    • Williamson, E.M.1
  • 149
    • 12844258387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy and herbal medicines: The risk of drug interaction
    • DOI 10.1016/j.ijcard.2003.06.039, PII S0167527303006272
    • Izzo AA, Di Carlo G, Borrelli F, et al. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy and herbal medicines: the risk of drug interaction. Int J Cardiol 2005; 98: 1-14 (Pubitemid 40169845)
    • (2005) International Journal of Cardiology , vol.98 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-14
    • Izzo, A.A.1    Di Carlo, G.2    Borrelli, F.3    Ernst, E.4
  • 151
    • 69749095454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactions between herbal medicines and prescribed drugs: An updated systematic review
    • Izzo AA, Ernst E. Interactions between herbal medicines and prescribed drugs: an updated systematic review. Drugs 2009; 69 (13): 1777-98
    • (2009) Drugs , vol.69 , Issue.13 , pp. 1777-1798
    • Izzo, A.A.1    Ernst, E.2
  • 153
    • 16844373618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction of warfarin with drugs, natural substances, and foods
    • DOI 10.1177/0091270004271404
    • Greenblatt DJ, von Molkte LL. Interaction of warfarin with drugs, natural substances and foods. J Clin Pharmacol 2005; 45: 127-32 (Pubitemid 40490435)
    • (2005) Journal of Clinical Pharmacology , vol.45 , Issue.2 , pp. 127-132
    • Greenblatt, D.J.1    Von Moltke, L.L.2
  • 154
    • 3042737049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brief communication:American ginseng reduces warfarin's effect in health patients: A randomized, controlled trial
    • YuanCS,WeiG,Dey L, et al. Brief communication:American ginseng reduces warfarin's effect in health patients: a randomized, controlled trial. Ann InternMed 2004; 141: 23-7
    • (2004) Ann InternMed , vol.141 , pp. 23-7
    • Yuan, C.S.1    Wei, G.2    Dey, L.3
  • 155
    • 33749873660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Investigation of the effects of herbal medicines on warfarin response in healthy subjects: A population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling approach
    • Jiang X, Blair EY, McLachlan AJ. Investigation of the effects of herbal medicines on warfarin response in healthy subjects: a population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling approach. J Clin Pharmacol 2006; 46: 1370-8
    • (2006) J Clin Pharmacol , vol.46 , pp. 1370-1308
    • Jiang, X.1    Blair, E.Y.2    McLachlan, A.J.3
  • 156
    • 49249126098 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction between warfarin and Panax ginseng in ischemic stroke patients
    • Lee SH, Ahn YM, Ahn SY, et al. Interaction between warfarin and Panax ginseng in ischemic stroke patients. J Altern Complement Med 2008; 14: 715-21
    • (2008) J Altern Complement Med , vol.14 , pp. 715-721
    • Lee, S.H.1    Ahn, Y.M.2    Ahn, S.Y.3
  • 157
    • 78649995932 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction between warfarin and Korean red ginseng in patients with cardiac valve replacement
    • Lee YH, Lee BK, Choi YJ, et al. Interaction between warfarin and Korean red ginseng in patients with cardiac valve replacement. Int J Cardiol 2010; 145: 275-6
    • (2010) Int J Cardiol , vol.145 , pp. 275-276
    • Lee, Y.H.1    Lee, B.K.2    Choi, Y.J.3
  • 158
    • 0029793301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevated serum digoxin levels in a patient taking digoxin and Siberian ginseng
    • McRae S. Elevated serum digoxin levels in a patient taking digoxin and Siberian ginseng. CMAJ 1996; 155: 293-5 (Pubitemid 26268001)
    • (1996) Canadian Medical Association Journal , vol.155 , Issue.3 , pp. 293-295
    • McRae, S.1
  • 159
    • 85047687008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Asian and Siberian ginseng on serum digoxin measurement by five digoxin immunoassays: Significant variation in digoxinlike immunoreactivity among commercial ginsengs
    • Dasgupta A, Wu S, Actor J, et al. Effect of Asian and Siberian ginseng on serum digoxin measurement by five digoxin immunoassays: significant variation in digoxinlike immunoreactivity among commercial ginsengs. Am J Clin Pathol 2003; 119: 198-303
    • (2003) Am J Clin Pathol , vol.119 , pp. 198-303
    • Dasgupta, A.1    Wu, S.2    Actor, J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.