Antioxidant properties of a North American ginseng extract

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry

Volumn 203, Issue 1-2, 2000, Pages 1-10

  Kitts, David D ^a   Wijewickreme, Arosha N ^a   Hu, Chun ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Chelation; DNA; Fenton reaction; Hydroxyl radical; Lipid oxidation; Peroxyl radical

Indexed keywords

ANTIOXIDANT; COPPER ION; FERRIC ION; FERROUS ION; FREE RADICAL; GINSENG EXTRACT; GINSENOSIDE; HYDROXYL RADICAL; LINOLEIC ACID; METAL ION; PEROXY RADICAL; SCAVENGER;

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; AUTOOXIDATION; CHELATION; CHEMICAL STRUCTURE; LIPID PEROXIDATION; METAL BINDING; NONHUMAN; OXYGEN CONSUMPTION;

PANAX QUINQUEFOLIUS;

EID: 0033994838     PISSN: 03008177     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/a:1007078414639     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Duke JA: Ginseng: A Concise Hand Book. Reference Publication Inc., Michigan, USA, 1989
2. Li TSC, Mazza G, Cottrell AC, Gao L: Ginsenosides in roots and leaves of American ginseng. J Agric Food Chem 44: 717-720, 1996
3. Kim YW, Song DK, Kim VVH, Lee KM, Wie MB, Kim Y-H, Kee SH, Cho MK: Long-term oral administration of ginseng extract decreases serum gamma-globulin and IgG1 iso-type in mice. J Ethnopharmacology 58: 55-58, 1996
4. Yokosawa T, Seno H, Oura H: Effect of ginseng extract on lipid and sugar metabolism. I. Metabolic circulation between liver and adipose tissue. Chem Pharmacol Bull (Tokyo) 23: 3095-3100, 1975
5. Takahashi M, Tokuyama S, Kane H: Anti-stress effect of ginseng on the inhibition of the development of morphine tolerance in stressed mice. Japan J Pharmacol 59: 399-404, 1992
6. Zhang D, Yasuda T, Yu Y, Sheng P, Kawabata T, Ma Y, Okada S: Ginseng extract scavenges hydroxyl radical and protects unsaturated fatty acids from decomposition caused by iron mediated lipid peroxidation. Free Rad Biol Med 20: 145-150, 1996
7. Kim YH, Park KH, Rho HM: Transcriptional activation of the Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase gene through the AP2 site by ginsenoside Rb2 extracted from a medicinal plant, Panax ginseng. J Biol Chem 271: 24539-24543, 1996
8. Duda RB, Zhong Y, Navas V, Li MZC, Toy BR, Alvarez J: Synergistic growth inhibitory properties are identified with the concurrent use of American ginseng and breast cancer therapeutic agents in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. Ann Surg Oncol : 1999 (submitted)
9. Xiaoguang C, Hongyan L, Xiaohong L, Zhaodi F, Yan L, Lihua T, Rui H: Cancer chemoprevention and therapeutic activities of red ginseng. J Ethnopharmacol 60: 71-78, 1998
10. Jitoe A, Masuda T, Tengah IGP, Suprapta DN, Gara IW, Nakatani N: Antioxidant activity of tropical ginger extracts and analysis of the contained cucuminoids. J Agric Food Chem 40: 1337-1340, 1992
11. Prasad K, Laxdal VA, Yu M, Raney BIL: Evaluation of hydroxyl radical-scavenging property of garlic. Mol Cell Biochem 154: 55-63, 1996
12. Wang H, Cao G, Prior RL: Total antioxidant capacity of fruits. J Agric Food Chem 44: 701-705, 1996
13. Wang H, Cao G, Prior RL: Oxygen radical absorbing capacity of anthocyanins. J Agric Food Chem 45: 304-309, 1997
14. Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC: The definition and measurement of antioxidants. Free Rad Biol Med 18: 125-126, 1995
15. Wijewickreme AN, Kitts DD: Influence of reaction conditions on the oxidative behaviour of model Maillard reaction products. J Agric Food Chem 45: 4571-4576, 1997
16. Smith RG, Caswell D, Carriere A, Zielke B: Variation in the ginsenoside content of American ginseng, Panax quinquefolius L., roots. Can J Bot 74: 1616-1620, 1996
17. Mah YC, Zhu J, Benkrima L, Luo M, Sun L, Sain S, Kont K, Plaut-Carcasson YY: A comparative evaluation of ginsenosides in commercial ginseng products in tissue culture samples using HPLC. J Herbs Spices Med Plants 3: 41-50, 1996
18. Wijewickreme AN, Kitts DD: Modulation of metal induced genotoxicity by Maillard reaction products isolated from coffee. Food Chem Toxicol 36: 543-553, 1998
19. Wijewickreme AN, Kitts DD, Durance TD: Reaction conditions influence the elementary composition and metal chelating affinity of non-dialyzable model Maillard reaction products. J Agric Food Chem 45: 4577-4583, 1997
20. Asamari AM, Addis PB, Epley RJ, Krick TP: Wild rice hull antioxidants. J Agric Food Chem 44: 126-130, 1996
21. Taylor MJ, Richardson T: Antioxidant activity of cystein and protein sulfhydryls in a linoleate emulsion oxidized by haemoglobin. J Food Sci 45: 1223-1230, 1991
22. Brad-Williams W, Cuvelier ME, Berset C: Use of a free radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Lebenim-Wiss Technol 28: 25-30, 1995
23. Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC, Aruoma OI: The deoxyribose method: A simple test tube assay for determination of the rate constants for reactions of hydroxyl radicals. Anal Biochem 165: 215-219, 1987
24. Aruoma OI, Grootveld M, Halliwell B: The role of iron in ascorbate-dependent deoxyribose degradation. Evidence consistent with site-specific hydroxyl radical generation caused by iron ions bound to deoxyribose molecule. J Inorg Biochem 29: 289-299, 1987
25. Repine IE, Eaton IW, Anders MW, Hoidal IR, Fox RB: Dimethyl sulfoxide prevents DNA nicking mediated by ionizing radiation or iron/hydrogen peroxide-generated hydroxyl radical. Proc Natl Acad Sci 72: 248-254, 1981
26. Bradford MM: A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding. Anal Biochem 86: 142-146, 1976
27. Lammeli UK: Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of the bacteriophage T4. Nature 227: 680-685, 1970
28. Shibata S, Tanaka O, Soma K, Ilda Y, Ando T, Nakamura H: Studies on saponins and sapogenins of ginseng. The structure of panaxatriol. Tet Lett 3: 207-213, 1965
29. Tanaka O: Ginseng and its congeners, traditional oriented food drugs. In: C.T. Ho, T. Osawa, M.T. Huang, R.T. Rosen (eds). Food Phytochemicals for Cancer Prevention. II. Spices and Herbs. American Chem Soc., Washington, 1994, pp 335-341
30. Pietta P, Mauri P, Rava A: Improved high-performance liquid Chromatographic method for the analysis of ginsenosides in Panax ginseng extracts and products. J Chromatogr 356: 212-218, 1986
31. Graf E, Mahoney JR, Bryant RG, Eaton JW: Iron catalyzed hydroxyl radical formation: Stringent requirement for free iron cordination site. J Biol Chem 259: 3620-3624, 1984
32. Ueda J, Saito N, Shimazu Y, Ozawa T: A comparison of scavenging abilities of antioxidants against hydroxyl radical. Arch Biochem Biophys 333: 377-384, 1996
33. Biaglow JE, ManevichY, Uckun F, Held KD: Quantitation of hydroxyl radicals produced by radiation and copper linked oxidation of ascorbate by 2-deoxy-D-ribose method. Free Rad Biol Chem 22: 1129-1138, 1997
34. Graf E, Eaton JW: Antioxidant functions of phytic acid. Free Rad Biol Med 8: 61-69, 1987
35. Mahoney JR, Graf E: Role of alpha-tocopherol, ascorbic acid, citric acid and EDTA as oxidants in model systems. J Food Sci 51: 1293-1296, 1986
36. Minotti G, Aust SD: The requirement of iron (III) in the initiation of lipid peroxidation by iron (II) and hydrogen peroxide. J Biol Chem 262: 1098-1104, 1990
37. Van Dyke BR, Saltman R: Haemoglobin: A mechanism for the generation of hydroxyl radicals. Free Rad Biol Med 20: 985-989, 1996
38. Gutteridge JMC: Iron promoters of the Fenton reaction and lipid peroxidation can be released from haemoglobin by peroxides. FEBS Lett 201: 291-295, 1987
39. Balla G, Vercellotti GM, Mullet-Eberhard U, Eaton J, Jacob HS: Exposure of endothelial cells to free heme potentiates damage mediated by granulocytes and toxic oxygen species. Lab Invest 64: 648-655, 1991
40. Huang SW, Frankel EN, Aeschbach R, German JB: Partition of selected antioxidants in corn oil-water model systems. J Agric Food Chem 45: 1991-1994, 1997
41. Aeshbach R, Loliget J, Scott BC, Murcia A, Butler J, Halliwell B, Aruoma OI: The antioxidant actions of thymol, carvacrol, 6-gingerol, zingerone, and hydroxytyrosol. Food Chem Toxicol 32: 31-36, 1994
42. Yang M-H, Schaich KM: Factors affecting DNA damage caused by lipid hydroperoxides and aldehydes. Free Rad Biol Med 20: 225-236, 1996
43. Halliwell B, Grootveld M, Gutteridge J: Methods for the measurement of hydroxyl radicals in biochemical systems: Deoxyribose degradation and aromatic hydroxylation. Met Biochem Anal 33: 59-90, 1988
44. Dumont E, Petit E, Tarrade T, Nouvelot A: UV-C irradiation-induced peroxidative degradation of microsomal fatty acids and proteins: Protection by an extract of Ginkgo biloba (EGb, 761). Free Rad Biol Med 13: 197-203, 1992
45. Nagasawa T, Hatayama T, Watanabe Y, Tanaka M, Niisato Y, Kitts DD: Free radical mediated effects on skeletal muscle protein in rats treated with Fe-nitrilotriacetate. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 231: 37-41, 1996
46. Beppu M, Mizukami A, Nagoya M, Kikugawa A: Binding of anti-band 3 autoantibody to oxidatively damaged erythrocytes. Formation of senescent antigen on erythrocyte surface by an oxidative mechanism. J Biol Chem 265: 3226-3233, 1990