IQ predicts word decoding skills in populations with intellectual disabilities

Research in Developmental Disabilities

Volumn 32, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 2267-2277

  Levy, Yonata ^a  

^a HEBREW UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

Author keywords

Down syndrome; Intellectual disability; IQ; Word decoding

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ARTICLE; AUDITORY MEMORY; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DOWN SYNDROME; FEMALE; HUMAN; INTELLECTUAL IMPAIRMENT; INTELLIGENCE QUOTIENT; LANGUAGE ABILITY; MALE; PHONETICS; SEMANTICS; SHORT TERM MEMORY; SPEECH ARTICULATION; SPEECH DISCRIMINATION; TASK PERFORMANCE; WILLIAMS BEUREN SYNDROME;

ADOLESCENT; DISABILITY EVALUATION; DOWN SYNDROME; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY; INTELLIGENCE; LANGUAGE TESTS; MALE; MEMORY, SHORT-TERM; PHONETICS; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; READING; SEMANTICS; VOCABULARY; WECHSLER SCALES; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 80053631539     PISSN: 08914222     EISSN: 18733379     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2011.07.043     Document Type: Article

References (75)

1. Atkinson J., Anker S., Braddick O., Nokes L., Mason A., Braddick F. Visual and visuospatial development in young children with Williams syndrome. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology 2001, 43:330-337.
2. Bellugi U., Poizner H., Klima E.S. Language, modality and the brain. Trends in Neurosciences 1989, 10:380-388.
3. Bentin S., Frost R. Morphological factors in visual word identification in Hebrew. Morphological aspects of language processing 1995, 271-292. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, England. L.B. Feldman (Ed.).
4. Birnboim S. Acquired surface dyslexia: The evidence from Hebrew. Applied Psycholinguistics 1995, 16:83-102.
5. Buckley S., Bird G., Byrne A. The practical and theoretical significance of teaching literacy skills to children with Down's syndrome. Down's syndrome. Psychological, psychobiological, and socio-educational perspectives 1996, 119-128. Whurr Publishers, Philadelphia, PA, US. J.A. Rondal, J. Perera, L. Nadel, A. Comblain (Eds.).
6. Boudreau D. Literacy skills in children and adolescents with Down syndrome. Reading and Writing 2002, 15(5-6):497-525.
7. Cardoso-Martins C., Frith U. Can individuals with Down syndrome acquire literacy skills in the absence of phoneme awareness?. Reading and Writing 2001, 14:361-375.
8. Cardoso-Martins C., Michalick M.F., Pollo T.C. Is sensitivity to rhyme a developmental precursor to sensitivity to phoneme? Evidence from individuals with Down syndrome. Reading and Writing 2002, 15(5-6):439-454.
9. Cardoso-Martins C., Peterson R., Olson R., Pennington B. Component reading skills in Down syndrome. Reading and Writing 2009, 22:277-292.
10. Cawley J.F, Parmar R.S. Comparisons in reading and reading-related tasks among students with average intellectual ability and students with mild mental retardation. Education & Training in Mental Retardation & Developmental Disabilities 1995, 30(2):118-129.
11. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2006). Improved national prevalence estimates for 18 selected major birth defects-United States, 1999-2001. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 54, 1301-1305.
12. Cohen D., Rivière J.P., Plaza M., Thompson C., Chauvin D., Hambourg N., et al. Word identification in adults with mild mental retardation: Does IQ influence reading achievement?. Brain and Cognition 2001, 46(1-2):69-73.
13. Conners F.A Reading skills and cognitive abilities of individuals with mental retardation. International review of research in mental retardation: Language and communication in mental retardation 2003, Vol. 27:191-229. Academic Press, San Diego, CA, US.
14. Conners F.A., Atwell J.A., Rosenquist C.J., Sligh A.C. Abilities underlying decoding differences in children with intellectual disabilities. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 2001, 45(4):292-299.
15. Cooper D.H., Roth F.P., Speece D.L., Schatschneider C. The contribution of oral language skills to the development of phonological awareness. Applied Psycholinguistics 2002, 23(3):399-416.
16. Cossu G., Rossini F., Marshall J.C. When reading is acquired but phonemic awareness is not: A study of literacy in Down's syndrome. Cognition 1993, 46:129-138.
17. Cupples L., Iacono T. Phonological awareness and oral reading skill in children with Down syndrome. Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research 2000, 43:595-608.
18. Cupples L., Iacono T. The efficacy of "whole word" versus "analytic" reading instruction for children with Down syndrome. Reading and Writing 2002, 15:549-574.
19. Deutsch, A. (1992). Activation of attentional mechanisms in the syntactic domain by severely reading disabled children. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Hebrew University of Jerusalem.
20. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders: DSM-IV 2000, American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC.
21. Dilks, D., Landau, B., Hoffman, J. E. & Seigfried, J. (2001). Selective impairments in dorsal stream functions in Williams syndrome. Poster presented at the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society, New York.
22. Eadie P.A., Fey M.E., Douglas J.M., Parsons C.L. Profiles of grammatical morphology and sentence imitation in children with specific language impairment and Down syndrome. Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research 2002, 45:720-732.
23. Facon B., Facon-Bollengier T. Chronological age and Peabody picture vocabulary test performance of persons with mental retardation: New data. Psychological Reports 1997, 81:1232-1234.
24. Facon B., Grubar J.-C., Gardez C. Chronological age and receptive vocabulary of persons with Down syndrome. Psychological Reports 1998, 82:723-726.
25. Facon B., Facon-Bollengier T., Grubar J.-C. Chronological age, receptive vocabulary and syntax comprehension in children and adolescents with mental retardation. American Journal on Mental Retardation 2002, 107(2):91-98.
26. Feitelson D. Facts and fads in beginning reading 1988, Ablex, New York.
27. Fletcher H., Buckley S. Phonological awareness in children with Down syndrome. Down Syndrome: Research & Practice 2002, 8(1):11-18.
28. Grant J., Karmiloff-Smith A., Gathercole S., Paterson S., Howlin P., Davies M., et al. Phonological short-term memory and its relationship to language in Williams syndrome. Cognitive Neuropsychology 1997, 2:81-99.
29. Harris C. Intellectual disability: Understanding its development, causes, classification, evaluation and treatment 2006, Oxford University Press, New York.
30. Hazlett H.C., Hammer J., Hooper S.R., Kamphaus R.W. Down syndrome. Handbook of neurodevelopmental and genetic disorders in children 2011, 362-381. Guilford Press, New York, NY. 2nd edition. S. Goldstein, C.R. Reynolds (Eds.).
31. Helland T., Tjus T., Hovden M., Ofte S., Heimann M. Effects of bottom-up and top-down intervention principles in emergent literacy in children at risk of developmental dyslexia: A longitudinal study. Journal of Learning Disabilities 2011, 44(2):105-122.
32. Hodapp R.M., Freeman S. Advances in educational strategies for children with Down syndrome. Current Opinion in Psychiatry 2003, 16(5):511-516.
33. Hoffman, J. E. & Landau, B. (2000) Spared object recognition with profound spatial deficits: Evidence from children with Williams syndrome. Poster presented at the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Neuroscience Society, San Francisco.
34. Howlin P., Davies M., Udwin O. Cognitive functioning in adults with Williams syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 1998, 39:183-189.
35. Jarrold C., Baddeley A.D., Phillips C. Verbal short-term memory in Down syndrome: A problem of memory, audition, or speech?. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 2002, 45:531-544.
36. Jimenez J.E., Siegel L., O'Shanahan I., Ford L. The relative role of IQ and cognitive processes in reading disability. Educational Psychology 2009, 29/1:27-43.
37. Kahan, S. (1995). The Wechsler intelligence test for children revised - The Hebrew version. Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports - The Psychological Service.
38. Kahan S. Wechsler test for children WISC-R95 1995, Israel Ministry of Education/Sold Institute, [in Hebrew]. Hebrew version.
39. Kaplan E.F., Goodglass H., Weintraub S. The Boston Naming Test 1983, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia.
40. Kay-Raining Bird E., Chapman R.S. Literacy development in childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood in persons with Down syndrome. The Oxford handbook of intellectual disability and development 2011, 184-199. Oxford University Press, Toronto, Canada. 2nd edition. J. Burack, R. Hodapp, G. Iarocci, E. Zigler (Eds.).
41. Kay-Raining Bird E., Cleave P., McConnell L. Reading and phonological awareness in children with Down syndrome: A longitudinal study. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 2000, 9:319-330.
42. Klein R.M. Observations on the temporal correlates of reading failure. Reading and Writing 2002, 15(1-2):207-232.
43. Laing E., Hulme C., Grant J., Karmiloff-Smith A. Learning to read in Williams syndrome: Looking beneath the surface of atypical reading development. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 2001, 42:729-739.
44. Lamm O. Developmental dyslexia and the teaching of reading. Issues in Special Education and Rehabilitation 1989, 6:13-26.
45. Laws G., Bishop D.V.M. A comparison of language abilities in adolescents with Down syndrome and children with specific language impairments. Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research 2003, 46:1324-1339.
46. Leikin M., Assayag-Bouskila O. Expression of syntactic complexity in sentence comprehension: A comparison between dyslexic and regular readers. Reading and Writing 2004, 17(7-8):801-821.
47. Levy Y., Antebi V. Word reading and reading related skills in Hebrew speaking adolescents with Williams syndrome. Neurocase 2004, 10/6:444-451.
48. Levy Y., Smith J., Tager-Flusberg H. Word reading and reading related phonological skills in adolescents with Williams syndrome. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 2003, 43(8):1-12.
49. Lott I.T., Dierssen M. Cognitive deficits and associated neurological complications in individuals with Down's syndrome. The Lancet Neurology 2010, 9(6):623-633.
50. McCarthy M., Bangalore S., Asato M., McGonigle J., Lubetsky M.J., Johnson K. Intellectual and developmental disabilities. Oxford American handbook of psychiatry 2008, 887-939. Oxford University Press, New York, NY, US. D.H. Kupfer, S. Michelle, D.A. Brent, D.A. Lewis, C.F. Reynolds, M.E. Thase, M.J. Travis (Eds.).
51. Menghini D., Verucci L., Vicari S. Reading and phonological awareness in Williams syndrome. Neuropsychology 2004, 18(1):29-37.
52. Mervis C.B., Morris C.A., Bertrand J., Robinson B.F. Williams syndrome: Findings from an integrated program of research. Neurodevelopmental disorders 1999, 65-110. MIT Press, Boston, MA. H. Tager-Flsuberg (Ed.).
53. Mimran R.C. Reading disabilities among Hebrew-speaking children in upper elementary grades: The role of phonological and nonphonological language skills. Reading and Writing 2006, 19(3):291-311.
54. Miolo G., Chapman R.S., Sindberg H.A. Sentence comprehension in adolescents with Down syndrome and typically developing children: Role of sentence voice, visual context, and auditory-verbal short-term memory. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 2005, 48(1):172-188.
55. Moscati, S., Spitaler, A., Ullendorff, E. & von Soden, W. (1969). An introduction to the comparative grammar of the Semitic languages. Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz.
56. Naglieri J.A., Reardon S.M. Traditional IQ is irrelevant to learning disabilities - intelligence is not. Journal of Learning Disabilities 1993, 26(2):127-133.
57. Navon D., Shimron Y. Reading Hebrew: How necessary is the graphemic representation of vowels?. Orthographies and reading: Perspectives from cognitive psychology, neuropsychology and linguistics 1984, Laurence Erlbaum Associates, London. L. Henderson (Ed.).
58. Newman T.M., Macomber D., Naples A.J., Babitz T., Volkmar F., Grigorenko E.L. Hyperlexia in children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders 2007, 37(4):760-774.
59. Neuhaus G.F., Swank P.R. Understanding the relations between RAN letter subtest components and word reading in first-grade students. Journal of Learning Disabilities 2002, 35(2):158-174.
60. Price J.R., Roberts J.E., Hennon E.A., Berni M.C., Anderson K.L., Sideris J. Syntactic complexity during conversation of boys with fragile X syndrome and Down syndrome. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 2008, 51(1):3-15.
61. Roch M., Jarrold C. A comparison between word and nonword reading in Down syndrome: The role of phonological awareness. Journal of Communication Disorders 2008, 41(4):305-318.
62. Rose, J., Sir (June, 2009). Identifying and teaching children and young people with dyslexia and literacy difficulties. An independent report to the Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families, UK.
63. Seung H.-K., Chapman R.S. Digit span in individuals with Down syndrome and typically developing children: Temporal aspects. Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing Research 2000, 43:609-620.
64. Shalem Z., Lachman D. Nizan diagnostic test of reading 1996, The National Center for Reading Disabilities, Jerusalem, [in Hebrew].
65. Share D.L. Dyslexia in Hebrew. Dyslexia in different languages 2003, 209-234. Whurr Publishers, London. N. Goulandris (Ed.).
66. Share D., Levin I. Learning to read and write in Hebrew. Learning to read and write: A cross-linguistic perspective, Cambridge studies in cognitive and perceptual development 1999, 89-111. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY, US. M. Harris, G. Hatano (Eds.).
67. Siegel L.S. IQ is irrelevant to the definition of learning disabilities. Journal of Learning Disabilities 1989, 22(8):469-478.
68. Siegel L. Issues in the definition and diagnosis of learning disabilities: A perspective on Gluckenberger vs. Boston University. Journal of Learning Disabilities 1999, 32/4:304-319.
69. Snowling M.J., Hulme C., Mercer R.C. A deficit in rime awareness in children with Down syndrome. Reading and Writing 2002, 15:471-495.
70. Spreen O., Strauss E. A compendium of neuropsychological tests: Administration, norms and commentary 1998, Oxford University Press, New York, NY, US. 2nd edition.
71. Udwin O., Yule W., Martin N. Cognitive abilities and behavioral characteristics of children with idiopathic infantile hypercalcaemia. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 1987, 28:297-309.
72. Verucci L., Menghini D., Vicari S. Reading skills and phonological awareness acquisition in Down syndrome. Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 2006, 50:477-491.
73. Wagner R.K., Torgesen J.K., Rashotte C.A. The comprehensive test of phonological processing 1999, Pro-Ed, Austin, TX.
74. Williams J.C.P., Baratt-Boyes B.G., Lowe J.B. Supravalvular aortic stenosis. Circulation 1961, 24:1311-1318.
75. Ziegler J.C., Bertrand D., Tóth D., Csépe V., Reis A., Faísca L., et al. Orthographic depth and its impact on universal predictors of reading: A cross-language investigation. Psychological Science 2010, 21(4):551-559.