메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 33, Issue 8, 2011, Pages 448-455

Parasite-driven pathogenesis in Trypanosoma brucei infections

Author keywords

Innate immunity; Nagana; Pathogenesis; Sleeping sickness; Trypanosome

Indexed keywords

VIRULENCE FACTOR;

EID: 79960409787     PISSN: 01419838     EISSN: 13653024     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2011.01286.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (26)

References (76)
  • 2
    • 33646342744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bovine trypanotolerance: a natural ability to prevent severe anaemia and haemophagocytic syndrome?
    • Naessens J. Bovine trypanotolerance: a natural ability to prevent severe anaemia and haemophagocytic syndrome? Int J Parasitol 2006; 36: 521-528.
    • (2006) Int J Parasitol , vol.36 , pp. 521-528
    • Naessens, J.1
  • 3
    • 0038574978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mapping of quantitative trait loci controlling trypanotolerance in a cross of tolerant West African N'Dama and susceptible East African Boran cattle
    • Hanotte O, Ronin Y, Agaba M, et al. Mapping of quantitative trait loci controlling trypanotolerance in a cross of tolerant West African N'Dama and susceptible East African Boran cattle. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100: 7443-7448.
    • (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.100 , pp. 7443-7448
    • Hanotte, O.1    Ronin, Y.2    Agaba, M.3
  • 4
    • 0030960856 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Localization of genes controlling resistance to trypanosomiasis in mice
    • Kemp SJ, Iraqi F, Darvasi A, Soller M & Teale AJ. Localization of genes controlling resistance to trypanosomiasis in mice. Nat Genet 1997; 16: 194-196.
    • (1997) Nat Genet , vol.16 , pp. 194-196
    • Kemp, S.J.1    Iraqi, F.2    Darvasi, A.3    Soller, M.4    Teale, A.J.5
  • 6
  • 7
    • 78650308985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A spectrum of disease in Human African trypanosomiasis: the host and parasite genetics of virulence
    • Sternberg JM & MacLean L. A spectrum of disease in Human African trypanosomiasis: the host and parasite genetics of virulence. Parasitology 2010; 137: 2007-2015.
    • (2010) Parasitology , vol.137 , pp. 2007-2015
    • Sternberg, J.M.1    MacLean, L.2
  • 9
    • 26244463347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulation of innate and acquired immunity in African trypanosomiasis
    • Mansfield JM & Paulnock DM. Regulation of innate and acquired immunity in African trypanosomiasis. Parasite Immunol 2005; 27: 361-371.
    • (2005) Parasite Immunol , vol.27 , pp. 361-371
    • Mansfield, J.M.1    Paulnock, D.M.2
  • 10
    • 1142273119 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • P75 tumor necrosis factor-receptor shedding occurs as a protective host response during African trypanosomiasis
    • Magez S, Truyens C, Merimi M, et al. P75 tumor necrosis factor-receptor shedding occurs as a protective host response during African trypanosomiasis. J Infect Dis 2004; 189: 527-539.
    • (2004) J Infect Dis , vol.189 , pp. 527-539
    • Magez, S.1    Truyens, C.2    Merimi, M.3
  • 11
    • 39049129358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virulence and pathogenicity patterns of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense field isolates in experimentally infected mouse: differences in host immune response modulation by secretome and proteomics
    • Holzmuller P, Biron DG, Courtois P, et al. Virulence and pathogenicity patterns of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense field isolates in experimentally infected mouse: differences in host immune response modulation by secretome and proteomics. Microbes Infect 2008; 10: 79-86.
    • (2008) Microbes Infect , vol.10 , pp. 79-86
    • Holzmuller, P.1    Biron, D.G.2    Courtois, P.3
  • 12
    • 0025069992 scopus 로고
    • The use of experimental artefacts in African trypanosome research
    • Turner CM. The use of experimental artefacts in African trypanosome research. Parasitol Today 1990; 6: 14-17.
    • (1990) Parasitol Today , vol.6 , pp. 14-17
    • Turner, C.M.1
  • 13
    • 0030696101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differentiation of African trypanosomes is controlled by a density sensing mechanism which signals cell cycle arrest via the cAMP pathway
    • Vassella E, Reuner B, Yutzy B & Boshart M Differentiation of African trypanosomes is controlled by a density sensing mechanism which signals cell cycle arrest via the cAMP pathway. J Cell Sci 1997; 110 (Pt 21): 2661-2671.
    • (1997) J Cell Sci , vol.110 , Issue.PART 21 , pp. 2661-2671
    • Vassella, E.1    Reuner, B.2    Yutzy, B.3    Boshart, M.4
  • 14
    • 0031438790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cell density triggers slender to stumpy differentiation of Trypanosoma brucei bloodstream forms in culture
    • Reuner B, Vassella E, Yutzy B & Boshart M. Cell density triggers slender to stumpy differentiation of Trypanosoma brucei bloodstream forms in culture. Mol Biochem Parasitol 1997; 90: 269-280.
    • (1997) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.90 , pp. 269-280
    • Reuner, B.1    Vassella, E.2    Yutzy, B.3    Boshart, M.4
  • 15
    • 77349106654 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role for parasite genetic diversity in differential host responses to Trypanosoma brucei infection
    • Morrison LJ, McLellan S, Sweeney L, et al. Role for parasite genetic diversity in differential host responses to Trypanosoma brucei infection. Infect Immun 2010; 78: 1096-1108.
    • (2010) Infect Immun , vol.78 , pp. 1096-1108
    • Morrison, L.J.1    McLellan, S.2    Sweeney, L.3
  • 16
    • 30344443089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controlling malaria and African trypanosomiasis: the role of the mouse
    • Foote SJ, Iraqi F & Kemp SJ. Controlling malaria and African trypanosomiasis: the role of the mouse. Brief Funct Genomic Proteomic 2005; 4: 214-224.
    • (2005) Brief Funct Genomic Proteomic , vol.4 , pp. 214-224
    • Foote, S.J.1    Iraqi, F.2    Kemp, S.J.3
  • 17
    • 49449115439 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contributions of experimental mouse models to the understanding of African trypanosomiasis
    • Antoine-Moussiaux N, Magez S & Desmecht D. Contributions of experimental mouse models to the understanding of African trypanosomiasis. Trends Parasitol 2008; 24: 411-418.
    • (2008) Trends Parasitol , vol.24 , pp. 411-418
    • Antoine-Moussiaux, N.1    Magez, S.2    Desmecht, D.3
  • 18
    • 33747323341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Host-parasite interactions for virulence and resistance in a malaria model system
    • Grech K, Watt K & Read AF. Host-parasite interactions for virulence and resistance in a malaria model system. J Evol Biol 2006; 19: 1620-1630.
    • (2006) J Evol Biol , vol.19 , pp. 1620-1630
    • Grech, K.1    Watt, K.2    Read, A.F.3
  • 20
    • 0036307725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virulence in rodent malaria: host genotype by parasite genotype interactions
    • Mackinnon MJ, Gaffney DJ & Read AF. Virulence in rodent malaria: host genotype by parasite genotype interactions. Infect Genet Evol 2002; 1: 287-296.
    • (2002) Infect Genet Evol , vol.1 , pp. 287-296
    • Mackinnon, M.J.1    Gaffney, D.J.2    Read, A.F.3
  • 21
    • 77952370937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The selection landscape of malaria parasites
    • Mackinnon MJ & Marsh K. The selection landscape of malaria parasites. Science 2010; 328: 866-871.
    • (2010) Science , vol.328 , pp. 866-871
    • Mackinnon, M.J.1    Marsh, K.2
  • 22
    • 34347339518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative genomic analysis of three Leishmania species that cause diverse human disease
    • Peacock CS, Seeger K, Harris D, et al. Comparative genomic analysis of three Leishmania species that cause diverse human disease. Nat Genet 2007; 39: 839-847.
    • (2007) Nat Genet , vol.39 , pp. 839-847
    • Peacock, C.S.1    Seeger, K.2    Harris, D.3
  • 23
    • 48949118080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A genomic-based approach combining in vivo selection in mice to identify a novel virulence gene in Leishmania
    • Zhang WW, Peacock CS & Matlashewski G. A genomic-based approach combining in vivo selection in mice to identify a novel virulence gene in Leishmania. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2008; 2: e248.
    • (2008) PLoS Negl Trop Dis , vol.2
    • Zhang, W.W.1    Peacock, C.S.2    Matlashewski, G.3
  • 24
    • 33845706251 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polymorphic secreted kinases are key virulence factors in toxoplasmosis
    • Saeij JP, Boyle JP, Coller S, et al. Polymorphic secreted kinases are key virulence factors in toxoplasmosis. Science 2006; 314: 1780-1783.
    • (2006) Science , vol.314 , pp. 1780-1783
    • Saeij, J.P.1    Boyle, J.P.2    Coller, S.3
  • 25
    • 33845705275 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A secreted serine-threonine kinase determines virulence in the eukaryotic pathogen Toxoplasma gondii
    • Taylor S, Barragan A, Su C, et al. A secreted serine-threonine kinase determines virulence in the eukaryotic pathogen Toxoplasma gondii. Science 2006; 314: 1776-1780.
    • (2006) Science , vol.314 , pp. 1776-1780
    • Taylor, S.1    Barragan, A.2    Su, C.3
  • 26
    • 62149118305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selection at a single locus leads to widespread expansion of Toxoplasma gondii lineages that are virulent in mice
    • Khan A, Taylor S, Ajioka JW, Rosenthal BM & Sibley LD. Selection at a single locus leads to widespread expansion of Toxoplasma gondii lineages that are virulent in mice. PLoS Genet 2009; 5: e1000404.
    • (2009) PLoS Genet , vol.5
    • Khan, A.1    Taylor, S.2    Ajioka, J.W.3    Rosenthal, B.M.4    Sibley, L.D.5
  • 27
    • 69349098515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma vivax displays a clonal population structure
    • Duffy CW, Morrison LJ, Black A, et al. Trypanosoma vivax displays a clonal population structure. Int J Parasitol 2009; 39: 1475-1483.
    • (2009) Int J Parasitol , vol.39 , pp. 1475-1483
    • Duffy, C.W.1    Morrison, L.J.2    Black, A.3
  • 28
    • 65949089635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discovery of mating in the major African livestock pathogen Trypanosoma congolense
    • Morrison LJ, Tweedie A, Black A, et al. Discovery of mating in the major African livestock pathogen Trypanosoma congolense. PLoS ONE 2009; 4: e5564.
    • (2009) PLoS ONE , vol.4
    • Morrison, L.J.1    Tweedie, A.2    Black, A.3
  • 29
    • 0035968357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The population genetics of Trypanosoma brucei and the origin of human infectivity
    • MacLeod A, Tait A & Turner CM. The population genetics of Trypanosoma brucei and the origin of human infectivity. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2001; 356: 1035-1044.
    • (2001) Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci , vol.356 , pp. 1035-1044
    • MacLeod, A.1    Tait, A.2    Turner, C.M.3
  • 30
    • 0034700116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Minisatellite marker analysis of Trypanosoma brucei: reconciliation of clonal, panmictic, and epidemic population genetic structures
    • MacLeod A, Tweedie A, Welburn SC, Maudlin I, Turner CM & Tait A. Minisatellite marker analysis of Trypanosoma brucei: reconciliation of clonal, panmictic, and epidemic population genetic structures. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2000; 97: 13442-13447.
    • (2000) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.97 , pp. 13442-13447
    • MacLeod, A.1    Tweedie, A.2    Welburn, S.C.3    Maudlin, I.4    Turner, C.M.5    Tait, A.6
  • 31
    • 55649121367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosoma brucei gambiense Type 1 populations from human patients are clonal and display geographical genetic differentiation
    • Morrison LJ, Tait A, McCormack G, et al. Trypanosoma brucei gambiense Type 1 populations from human patients are clonal and display geographical genetic differentiation. Infect Genet Evol 2008; 8: 847-854.
    • (2008) Infect Genet Evol , vol.8 , pp. 847-854
    • Morrison, L.J.1    Tait, A.2    McCormack, G.3
  • 32
    • 58549098971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population genetics of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, the agent of sleeping sickness in Western Africa
    • Koffi M, De MeeusT, Bucheton B, et al. Population genetics of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, the agent of sleeping sickness in Western Africa. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2009; 106: 209-214.
    • (2009) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.106 , pp. 209-214
    • Koffi, M.1    De, M.2    Bucheton, B.3
  • 33
    • 0019491408 scopus 로고
    • Experimental infections of laboratory rodents with recently isolated stocks of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. 1. Parasitological investigations
    • Beckers A, Wery M, Van Marck E & Gigase P. Experimental infections of laboratory rodents with recently isolated stocks of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. 1. Parasitological investigations. Z Parasitenkd 1981; 64: 285-296.
    • (1981) Z Parasitenkd , vol.64 , pp. 285-296
    • Beckers, A.1    Wery, M.2    Van Marck, E.3    Gigase, P.4
  • 34
    • 0019352811 scopus 로고
    • Experimental infections of laboratory rodents with recently isolated stocks of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. 2. Histopathological investigations
    • Van MarckEA, Gigase PL, Beckers A & Wery M. Experimental infections of laboratory rodents with recently isolated stocks of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. 2. Histopathological investigations. Z Parasitenkd 1981; 64: 187-193.
    • (1981) Z Parasitenkd , vol.64 , pp. 187-193
    • Van, M.1    Gigase, P.L.2    Beckers, A.3    Wery, M.4
  • 35
    • 12844275226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African trypanosome interactions with an in vitro model of the human blood-brain barrier
    • Grab DJ, Nikolskaia O, Kim YV, et al. African trypanosome interactions with an in vitro model of the human blood-brain barrier. J Parasitol 2004; 90: 970-979.
    • (2004) J Parasitol , vol.90 , pp. 970-979
    • Grab, D.J.1    Nikolskaia, O.2    Kim, Y.V.3
  • 37
    • 33749441465 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blood-brain barrier traversal by African trypanosomes requires calcium signaling induced by parasite cysteine protease
    • Nikolskaia OV, de A. Lima APC, Kim YV, et al. Blood-brain barrier traversal by African trypanosomes requires calcium signaling induced by parasite cysteine protease. J Clin Invest 2006; 116: 2739-2747.
    • (2006) J Clin Invest , vol.116 , pp. 2739-2747
    • Nikolskaia, O.V.1    Lima, A.P.C.2    Kim, Y.V.3
  • 38
    • 70449601758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protease activated receptor signaling is required for African trypanosome traversal of human brain microvascular endothelial cells
    • Grab DJ, Garcia-Garcia JC, Nikolskaia OV, et al. Protease activated receptor signaling is required for African trypanosome traversal of human brain microvascular endothelial cells. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2009; 3: e479.
    • (2009) PLoS Negl Trop Dis , vol.3
    • Grab, D.J.1    Garcia-Garcia, J.C.2    Nikolskaia, O.V.3
  • 39
    • 0034785850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunisation of cattle with cysteine proteinases of Trypanosoma congolense: targetting the disease rather than the parasite
    • Authie E, Boulange A, Muteti D, Lalmanach G, Gauthier F & Musoke AJ. Immunisation of cattle with cysteine proteinases of Trypanosoma congolense: targetting the disease rather than the parasite. Int J Parasitol 2001; 31: 1429-1433.
    • (2001) Int J Parasitol , vol.31 , pp. 1429-1433
    • Authie, E.1    Boulange, A.2    Muteti, D.3    Lalmanach, G.4    Gauthier, F.5    Musoke, A.J.6
  • 40
    • 29244470243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The genetic map and comparative analysis with the physical map of Trypanosoma brucei
    • MacLeod A, Tweedie A, McLellan S, et al. The genetic map and comparative analysis with the physical map of Trypanosoma brucei. Nucleic Acids Res 2005; 33: 6688-6693.
    • (2005) Nucleic Acids Res , vol.33 , pp. 6688-6693
    • MacLeod, A.1    Tweedie, A.2    McLellan, S.3
  • 41
    • 0025642730 scopus 로고
    • Evidence that the mechanism of gene exchange in Trypanosoma brucei involves meiosis and syngamy
    • Turner CM, Sternberg J, Buchanan N, Smith E, Hide G & Tait A. Evidence that the mechanism of gene exchange in Trypanosoma brucei involves meiosis and syngamy. Parasitology 1990; 101 (Pt 3): 377-386.
    • (1990) Parasitology , vol.101 , Issue.PART 3 , pp. 377-386
    • Turner, C.M.1    Sternberg, J.2    Buchanan, N.3    Smith, E.4    Hide, G.5    Tait, A.6
  • 42
    • 22844441538 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allelic segregation and independent assortment in T. brucei crosses: proof that the genetic system is Mendelian and involves meiosis
    • MacLeod A, Tweedie A, McLellan S, et al. Allelic segregation and independent assortment in T. brucei crosses: proof that the genetic system is Mendelian and involves meiosis. Mol Biochem Parasitol 2005; 143: 12-19.
    • (2005) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.143 , pp. 12-19
    • MacLeod, A.1    Tweedie, A.2    McLellan, S.3
  • 44
    • 9244247322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Severity of human african trypanosomiasis in East Africa is associated with geographic location, parasite genotype, and host inflammatory cytokine response profile
    • MacLean L, Chisi JE, Odiit M, et al. Severity of human african trypanosomiasis in East Africa is associated with geographic location, parasite genotype, and host inflammatory cytokine response profile. Infect Immun 2004; 72: 7040-7044.
    • (2004) Infect Immun , vol.72 , pp. 7040-7044
    • MacLean, L.1    Chisi, J.E.2    Odiit, M.3
  • 45
    • 38449097732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spatially and genetically distinct African trypanosome virulence variants defined by host interferon-gamma response
    • MacLean L, Odiit M, MacLeod A, et al. Spatially and genetically distinct African trypanosome virulence variants defined by host interferon-gamma response. J Infect Dis 2007; 196: 1620-1628.
    • (2007) J Infect Dis , vol.196 , pp. 1620-1628
    • MacLean, L.1    Odiit, M.2    MacLeod, A.3
  • 46
    • 0032534673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance to the African trypanosomes is IFN-gamma dependent
    • Hertz CJ, Filutowicz H & Mansfield JM. Resistance to the African trypanosomes is IFN-gamma dependent. J Immunol 1998; 161: 6775-6783.
    • (1998) J Immunol , vol.161 , pp. 6775-6783
    • Hertz, C.J.1    Filutowicz, H.2    Mansfield, J.M.3
  • 47
    • 0035877180 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative contribution of interferon-gamma and interleukin-10 to resistance to murine African trypanosomosis
    • Namangala B, Noel W, De Baetselier P, Brys L & Beschin A. Relative contribution of interferon-gamma and interleukin-10 to resistance to murine African trypanosomosis. J Infect Dis 2001; 183: 1794-1800.
    • (2001) J Infect Dis , vol.183 , pp. 1794-1800
    • Namangala, B.1    Noel, W.2    De Baetselier, P.3    Brys, L.4    Beschin, A.5
  • 48
    • 0035340424 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative versus classical macrophage activation during experimental African trypanosomosis
    • Baetselier PD, Namangala B, Noel W, Brys L, Pays E & Beschin A. Alternative versus classical macrophage activation during experimental African trypanosomosis. Int J Parasitol 2001; 31: 575-587.
    • (2001) Int J Parasitol , vol.31 , pp. 575-587
    • Baetselier, P.D.1    Namangala, B.2    Noel, W.3    Brys, L.4    Pays, E.5    Beschin, A.6
  • 49
    • 0035107942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Alternative versus classical macrophage activation during experimental African trypanosomosis
    • Namangala B, De Baetselier P, Noel W, Brys L & Beschin A. Alternative versus classical macrophage activation during experimental African trypanosomosis. J Leukoc Biol 2001; 69: 387-396.
    • (2001) J Leukoc Biol , vol.69 , pp. 387-396
    • Namangala, B.1    De Baetselier, P.2    Noel, W.3    Brys, L.4    Beschin, A.5
  • 50
    • 38449100946 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African trypanosomiasis: naturally occurring regulatory T cells favor trypanotolerance by limiting pathology associated with sustained type 1 inflammation
    • Guilliams M, Oldenhove G, Noel W, et al. African trypanosomiasis: naturally occurring regulatory T cells favor trypanotolerance by limiting pathology associated with sustained type 1 inflammation. J Immunol 2007; 179: 2748-2757.
    • (2007) J Immunol , vol.179 , pp. 2748-2757
    • Guilliams, M.1    Oldenhove, G.2    Noel, W.3
  • 51
    • 42149120752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Regulatory T cells prevent control of experimental African trypanosomiasis
    • Wei G & Tabel H. Regulatory T cells prevent control of experimental African trypanosomiasis. J Immunol 2008; 180: 2514-2521.
    • (2008) J Immunol , vol.180 , pp. 2514-2521
    • Wei, G.1    Tabel, H.2
  • 52
    • 52049102223 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • T cells and immunopathogenesis of experimental African trypanosomiasis
    • Tabel H, Wei G & Shi M. T cells and immunopathogenesis of experimental African trypanosomiasis. Immunol Rev 2008; 225: 128-139.
    • (2008) Immunol Rev , vol.225 , pp. 128-139
    • Tabel, H.1    Wei, G.2    Shi, M.3
  • 53
    • 65249105959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms controlling anaemia in Trypanosoma congolense infected mice
    • Noyes HA, Alimohammadian MH, Agaba M, et al. Mechanisms controlling anaemia in Trypanosoma congolense infected mice. PLoS ONE 2009; 4: e5170.
    • (2009) PLoS ONE , vol.4
    • Noyes, H.A.1    Alimohammadian, M.H.2    Agaba, M.3
  • 54
    • 33846996009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gene expression profiling in a mouse model for African trypanosomiasis
    • Kierstein S, Noyes H, Naessens J, et al. Gene expression profiling in a mouse model for African trypanosomiasis. Genes Immun 2006; 7: 667-679.
    • (2006) Genes Immun , vol.7 , pp. 667-679
    • Kierstein, S.1    Noyes, H.2    Naessens, J.3
  • 55
    • 63149182113 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Host-parasite interactions in trypanosomiasis: on the way to an antidisease strategy
    • Antoine-Moussiaux N, Buscher P & Desmecht D. Host-parasite interactions in trypanosomiasis: on the way to an antidisease strategy. Infect Immun 2009; 77: 1276-1284.
    • (2009) Infect Immun , vol.77 , pp. 1276-1284
    • Antoine-Moussiaux, N.1    Buscher, P.2    Desmecht, D.3
  • 56
    • 0035082118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosome-derived oligopeptidase B is released into the plasma of infected rodents, where it persists and retains full catalytic activity
    • Morty RE, Lonsdale-Eccles JD, Mentele R, Auerswald EA & Coetzer TH. Trypanosome-derived oligopeptidase B is released into the plasma of infected rodents, where it persists and retains full catalytic activity. Infect Immun 2001; 69: 2757-2761.
    • (2001) Infect Immun , vol.69 , pp. 2757-2761
    • Morty, R.E.1    Lonsdale-Eccles, J.D.2    Mentele, R.3    Auerswald, E.A.4    Coetzer, T.H.5
  • 57
    • 15744376931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oligopeptidase B from Trypanosoma evansi. A parasite peptidase that inactivates atrial natriuretic factor in the bloodstream of infected hosts
    • Morty RE, Pelle R, Vadasz I, Uzcanga GL, Seeger W & Bubis J. Oligopeptidase B from Trypanosoma evansi. A parasite peptidase that inactivates atrial natriuretic factor in the bloodstream of infected hosts. J Biol Chem 2005; 280: 10925-10937.
    • (2005) J Biol Chem , vol.280 , pp. 10925-10937
    • Morty, R.E.1    Pelle, R.2    Vadasz, I.3    Uzcanga, G.L.4    Seeger, W.5    Bubis, J.6
  • 58
    • 72749109190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antigenic variation in the African trypanosome: molecular mechanisms and phenotypic complexity
    • Morrison LJ, Marcello L & McCulloch R. Antigenic variation in the African trypanosome: molecular mechanisms and phenotypic complexity. Cell Microbiol 2009; 11: 1724-1734.
    • (2009) Cell Microbiol , vol.11 , pp. 1724-1734
    • Morrison, L.J.1    Marcello, L.2    McCulloch, R.3
  • 59
    • 0035222844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antigenic variation in trypanosomes: enhanced phenotypic variation in a eukaryotic parasite
    • Barry JD & McCulloch R. Antigenic variation in trypanosomes: enhanced phenotypic variation in a eukaryotic parasite. Adv Parasitol 2001; 49: 1-70.
    • (2001) Adv Parasitol , vol.49 , pp. 1-70
    • Barry, J.D.1    McCulloch, R.2
  • 60
    • 78650402629 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of innate immunity by African Trypanosomes
    • Paulnock DM, Freeman BE & Mansfield JM. Modulation of innate immunity by African Trypanosomes. Parasitology 2010; 137: 2051-2063.
    • (2010) Parasitology , vol.137 , pp. 2051-2063
    • Paulnock, D.M.1    Freeman, B.E.2    Mansfield, J.M.3
  • 61
    • 0032519414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The glycosyl-inositol-phosphate and dimyristoylglycerol moieties of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor of the trypanosome variant-specific surface glycoprotein are distinct macrophage-activating factors
    • Magez S, Stijlemans B, Radwanska M, Pays E, Ferguson MA & De Baetselier P. The glycosyl-inositol-phosphate and dimyristoylglycerol moieties of the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor of the trypanosome variant-specific surface glycoprotein are distinct macrophage-activating factors. J Immunol 1998; 160: 1949-1956.
    • (1998) J Immunol , vol.160 , pp. 1949-1956
    • Magez, S.1    Stijlemans, B.2    Radwanska, M.3    Pays, E.4    Ferguson, M.A.5    De Baetselier, P.6
  • 62
    • 34250828404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The soluble variant surface glycoprotein of African trypanosomes is recognized by a macrophage scavenger receptor and induces I kappa B alpha degradation independently of TRAF6-mediated TLR signaling
    • Leppert BJ, Mansfield JM & Paulnock DM. The soluble variant surface glycoprotein of African trypanosomes is recognized by a macrophage scavenger receptor and induces I kappa B alpha degradation independently of TRAF6-mediated TLR signaling. J Immunol 2007; 179: 548-556.
    • (2007) J Immunol , vol.179 , pp. 548-556
    • Leppert, B.J.1    Mansfield, J.M.2    Paulnock, D.M.3
  • 63
    • 0036069888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • VSG-GPI anchors of African trypanosomes: their role in macrophage activation and induction of infection-associated immunopathology
    • Magez S, Stijlemans B, Baral T & De Baetselier P. VSG-GPI anchors of African trypanosomes: their role in macrophage activation and induction of infection-associated immunopathology. Microbes Infect 2002; 4: 999-1006.
    • (2002) Microbes Infect , vol.4 , pp. 999-1006
    • Magez, S.1    Stijlemans, B.2    Baral, T.3    De Baetselier, P.4
  • 64
    • 71949123094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of a parasitic immunomodulatory protein triggering the development of suppressive M1 macrophages during African trypanosomiasis
    • Gomez-Rodriguez J, Stijlemans B, De Muylder G, et al. Identification of a parasitic immunomodulatory protein triggering the development of suppressive M1 macrophages during African trypanosomiasis. J Infect Dis 2009; 200: 1849-1860.
    • (2009) J Infect Dis , vol.200 , pp. 1849-1860
    • Gomez-Rodriguez, J.1    Stijlemans, B.2    De Muylder, G.3
  • 66
    • 44949219210 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trypanosomiasis-induced B cell apoptosis results in loss of protective anti-parasite antibody responses and abolishment of vaccine-induced memory responses
    • Radwanska M, Guirnalda P, De Trez C, Ryffel B, Black S & Magez S. Trypanosomiasis-induced B cell apoptosis results in loss of protective anti-parasite antibody responses and abolishment of vaccine-induced memory responses. PLoS Pathog 2008; 4: e1000078.
    • (2008) PLoS Pathog , vol.4
    • Radwanska, M.1    Guirnalda, P.2    De Trez, C.3    Ryffel, B.4    Black, S.5    Magez, S.6
  • 67
    • 77956403658 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A changing environment and the epidemiology of tsetse-transmitted livestock trypanosomiasis
    • Van den Bossche P, de La Rocque S, Hendrickx G & Bouyer J. A changing environment and the epidemiology of tsetse-transmitted livestock trypanosomiasis. Trends Parasitol 2010; 26: 236-243.
    • (2010) Trends Parasitol , vol.26 , pp. 236-243
    • Van den Bossche, P.1    de La Rocque, S.2    Hendrickx, G.3    Bouyer, J.4
  • 68
    • 44949197696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virulence-transmission trade-offs and population divergence in virulence in a naturally occurring butterfly parasite
    • de Roode JC, Yates AJ & Altizer S. Virulence-transmission trade-offs and population divergence in virulence in a naturally occurring butterfly parasite. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105: 7489-7494.
    • (2008) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.105 , pp. 7489-7494
    • de Roode, J.C.1    Yates, A.J.2    Altizer, S.3
  • 69
    • 75149120749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Host-parasite genetic interactions and virulence-transmission relationships in natural populations of monarch butterflies
    • de Roode JC & Altizer S. Host-parasite genetic interactions and virulence-transmission relationships in natural populations of monarch butterflies. Evolution 2010; 64: 502-514.
    • (2010) Evolution , vol.64 , pp. 502-514
    • de Roode, J.C.1    Altizer, S.2
  • 70
    • 66049152888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bovine immunity - a driver for diversity in Theileria parasites?
    • McKeever DJ. Bovine immunity - a driver for diversity in Theileria parasites? Trends Parasitol 2009; 25: 269-276.
    • (2009) Trends Parasitol , vol.25 , pp. 269-276
    • McKeever, D.J.1
  • 71
    • 13844271806 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of mosquito transmission and population bottlenecking on virulence, multiplication rate and rosetting in rodent malaria
    • Mackinnon MJ, Bell A & Read AF. The effects of mosquito transmission and population bottlenecking on virulence, multiplication rate and rosetting in rodent malaria. Int J Parasitol 2005; 35: 145-153.
    • (2005) Int J Parasitol , vol.35 , pp. 145-153
    • Mackinnon, M.J.1    Bell, A.2    Read, A.F.3
  • 72
    • 77957689124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bottlenecks and the maintenance of minor genotypes during the life cycle of Trypanosoma brucei
    • Oberle M, Balmer O, Brun R & Roditi I. Bottlenecks and the maintenance of minor genotypes during the life cycle of Trypanosoma brucei. PLoS Pathog 2010; 6: e1001023.
    • (2010) PLoS Pathog , vol.6
    • Oberle, M.1    Balmer, O.2    Brun, R.3    Roditi, I.4
  • 73
    • 77957737494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species interactions in a parasite community drive infection risk in a wildlife population
    • Telfer S, Lambin X, Birtles R, et al. Species interactions in a parasite community drive infection risk in a wildlife population. Science 2010; 330: 243-246.
    • (2010) Science , vol.330 , pp. 243-246
    • Telfer, S.1    Lambin, X.2    Birtles, R.3
  • 74
    • 72949110233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraspecific competition between co-infecting parasite strains enhances host survival in African trypanosomes
    • Balmer O, Stearns SC, Schotzau A & Brun R. Intraspecific competition between co-infecting parasite strains enhances host survival in African trypanosomes. Ecology 2009; 90: 3367-3378.
    • (2009) Ecology , vol.90 , pp. 3367-3378
    • Balmer, O.1    Stearns, S.C.2    Schotzau, A.3    Brun, R.4
  • 75
    • 78449257994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coinfection with different Trypanosoma cruzi strains interferes with the host immune response to infection
    • Rodrigues CM, Valadares HM, Francisco AF, et al. Coinfection with different Trypanosoma cruzi strains interferes with the host immune response to infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2010; 4: e846.
    • (2010) PLoS Negl Trop Dis , vol.4
    • Rodrigues, C.M.1    Valadares, H.M.2    Francisco, A.F.3
  • 76
    • 38949178807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Real-time imaging of the cellular interactions underlying tolerance, priming, and responses to infection
    • Garside P & Brewer JM. Real-time imaging of the cellular interactions underlying tolerance, priming, and responses to infection. Immunol Rev 2008; 221: 130-146.
    • (2008) Immunol Rev , vol.221 , pp. 130-146
    • Garside, P.1    Brewer, J.M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.