Myeloid cells in cancer progression: Unique subtypes and their roles in tumor growth, vascularity, and host immune suppression

Cancer Microenvironment

Volumn 4, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 1-11

  Young, Pampee P ^a   Ardestani, Shidrokh ^a   Li, Bin ^a  

^a VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

Myeloid derived suppressor cells; Tie 2 expressing monocytes; Tumor associated macrophages; Tumor microenvironment; Vascular leukocytes

Indexed keywords

CD11B ANTIGEN; GLYCOPROTEIN P 15095; NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; VASCULOTROPIN;

BONE MARROW CELL; CANCER GROWTH; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL TRANSDIFFERENTIATION; CYTOKINE PRODUCTION; ENDOTHELIAL PROGENITOR CELL; HUMAN; IMMUNOMODULATION; MACROPHAGE ACTIVATION; MONOCYTE; MYELOID DERIVED SUPPRESSOR CELL; NONHUMAN; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SUPPRESSOR CELL; T LYMPHOCYTE ACTIVATION; TIE2 EXPRESSION MONOCYTE; TUMOR ASSOCIATED LEUKOCYTE; TUMOR GROWTH; TUMOR VASCULARIZATION; VASCULAR LEUKOCYTE;

EID: 79952534792     PISSN: 18752292     EISSN: 18752284     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s12307-010-0045-4     Document Type: Review

References (120)

1. TL Whiteside 2008 The tumor microenvironment and its role in promoting tumor growth Oncogene 27 5904 5912 18836471 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtF2msbbK
2. S Goldoni RV Iozzo 2008 Tumor microenvironment: modulation by decorin and related molecules harboring leucine-rich tandem motifs Int J Cancer 123 2473 2479 18798267 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtlyru7rE
3. JA Joyce JW Pollard 2009 Microenvironmental regulation of metastasis Nat Rev Cancer 9 239 252 19279573 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXivFCjsLg%3D
4. JW Pollard 2008 Macrophages define the invasive microenvironment in breast cancer J Leukoc Biol 84 623 630 18467655 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtV2itbjM
5. F Balkwill KA Charles A Mantovani 2005 Smoldering and polarized inflammation in the initiation and promotion of malignant disease Cancer Cell 7 211 217 15766659 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXivFCqurk%3D (Pubitemid 40568680)
6. F Balkwill LM Coussens 2004 Cancer: an inflammatory link Nature 431 405 406 15385993 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXnslemuro%3D (Pubitemid 39329565)
7. C Murdoch M Muthana SB Coffelt, et al. 2008 The role of myeloid cells in the promotion of tumour angiogenesis Nat Rev Cancer 8 618 631 18633355 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXovV2lsrY%3D
8. DM Mosser JP Edwards 2008 Exploring the full spectrum of macrophage activation Nat Rev Immunol 8 958 969 19029990 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhsVWlsLfI
9. DC Adelman KL Erickson E Gershwin 1983 Macrophage-mediated inhibition of melanoma cell growth in nude mice Pathobiology 51 165 171 1:STN:280: DyaL3s3htVGhsg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 13113838)
10. RD Leek CE Lewis R Whitehouse, et al. 1996 Association of macrophage infiltration with angiogenesis and prognosis in invasive breast carcinoma Cancer Res 56 4625 4629 8840975 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XmsV2isbk%3D (Pubitemid 26338061)
11. N Volodko A Reiner M Rudas, et al. 1998 Tumour-associated macrophages in breast cancer and their prognostic correlations Breast 7 99 105 (Pubitemid 28230834)
12. HB Salvesen LA Akslen 1999 Significance of tumour-associated macrophages, vascular endothelial growth factor and thrombospondin-1 expression for tumour angiogenesis and prognosis in endometrial carcinomas Int J Cancer 84 539 543
13. J Fujimoto H Sakaguchi I Aoki, et al. 2000 Clinical implications of expression of interleukin 8 related to angiogenesis in uterine cervical cancers Cancer Res 60 2632 2635 10825134 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXjsF2gt7c%3D (Pubitemid 30318237)
14. L Bingle NJ Brown CE Lewis 2002 The role of tumour-associated macrophages in tumour progression: implications for new anticancer therapies J Pathol 196 254 265 11857487 1:STN:280:DC%2BD387it1eksQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 34189413)
15. Y Nakayama N Nagashima N Minagawa, et al. 2002 Relationships between tumor-associated macrophages and clinicopathological factors in patients with colorectal cancer Anticancer Res 22 4291 4296 12553072 (Pubitemid 36134475)
16. C Auffray MH Sieweke F Geissmann 2009 Blood monocytes: development, heterogeneity, and relationship with dendritic cells Annu Rev Immunol 27 669 692 19132917 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXlsFSlt70%3D
17. C Varol S Yona S Jung 2009 Origins and tissue-context-dependent fates of blood monocytes Immunol Cell Biol 87 30 38 19048016
18. S Gordon PR Taylor 2005 Monocyte and macrophage heterogeneity Nat Rev Immunol 5 953 964 16322748 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXht1Kntr3N (Pubitemid 41746764)
19. F Geissmann S Jung DR Littman 2003 Blood monocytes consist of two principal subsets with distinct migratory properties Immunity 19 71 82 12871640 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXlvVOrsrk%3D (Pubitemid 36859902)
20. F Rosenbauer DG Tenen 2007 Transcription factors in myeloid development: balancing differentiation with transformation Nat Rev Immunol 7 105 117 17259967 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXpvVCitQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 46174858)
21. SH Orkin 2000 Diversification of hematopoietic stem cells to specific lineages Nat Rev Genet 1 57 64 11262875 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXotlGrsLw%3D
22. M Kondo AJ Wagers MG Manz, et al. 2003 Biology of hematopoietic stem cells and progenitors: implications for clinical application Annu Rev Immunol 21 759 806 12615892 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXjtF2is7Y%3D (Pubitemid 37174547)
23. A Dakic D Metcalf L Di Rago, et al. 2005 PU.1 regulates the commitment of adult hematopoietic progenitors and restricts granulopoiesis J Exp Med 201 1487 1502 15867096 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXktVCmur0%3D (Pubitemid 40664092)
24. H Iwasaki C Somoza H Shigematsu, et al. 2005 Distinctive and indispensable roles of PU.1 in maintenance of hematopoietic stem cells and their differentiation Blood 106 1590 1600 15914556 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXps1OgsLg%3D (Pubitemid 41208570)
25. SR McKercher BE Torbett KL Anderson, et al. 1996 Targeted disruption of the PU.1 gene results in multiple hematopoietic abnormalities EMBO J 15 5647 5658 8896458 1:CAS:528:DyaK28XmvVOkt78%3D (Pubitemid 26385624)
26. C Nerlov T Graf 1998 PU.1 induces myeloid lineage commitment in multipotent hematopoietic progenitors Genes Dev 12 2403 2412 9694804 1:CAS:528:DyaK1cXltlaltbo%3D (Pubitemid 28371359)
27. XM Dai GR Ryan AJ Hapel, et al. 2002 Targeted disruption of the mouse colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor gene results in osteopetrosis, mononuclear phagocyte deficiency, increased primitive progenitor cell frequencies, and reproductive defects Blood 99 111 120 11756160 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XivF2isA%3D%3D
28. MG Cecchini MG Dominguez S Mocci, et al. 1994 Role of colony stimulating factor-1 in the establishment and regulation of tissue macrophages during postnatal development of the mouse Development 120 1357 1372 8050349 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXksFSrsLY%3D (Pubitemid 24175881)
29. J Sullivan B Feeley J Guerra, et al. 1997 Identification of the major positive regulators of c-myb expression in hematopoietic cells of different lineages J Biol Chem 272 1943 1949 8999884 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXlslSjtg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 27043289)
30. E Grage-Griebenow HD Flad M Ernst 2001 Heterogeneity of human peripheral blood monocyte subsets J Leukoc Biol 69 11 20 11200054 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD3MXlvFCisA%3D%3D (Pubitemid 32095112)
31. C Sunderkotter T Nikolic MJ Dillon, et al. 2004 Subpopulations of mouse blood monocytes differ in maturation stage and inflammatory response J Immunol 172 4410 4417 15034056 (Pubitemid 38375256)
32. FK Swirski M Nahrendorf M Etzrodt, et al. 2009 Identification of splenic reservoir monocytes and their deployment to inflammatory sites Science 325 612 616 19644120 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXptFOjtrk%3D
33. K Kawai NH Tsuno M Matsuhashi, et al. 2005 CD11b-mediated migratory property of peripheral blood B cells J Allergy Clin Immunol 116 192 197 15990794 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXlvVWns7o%3D (Pubitemid 40909767)
34. P Hogger C Sorg 2001 Soluble CD163 inhibits phorbol ester-induced lymphocyte proliferation Biochem Biophys Res Commun 288 841 843 11688984 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MnjvFGqsA%3D%3D (Pubitemid 33140958)
35. M Mikami Y Sadahira Y Suetsugu, et al. 2004 Monocyte/Macrophage-specific marker CD163+ histiocytic sarcoma: case report with clinical, morphologic, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic studies Int J Hematol 80 365 369 15615263 (Pubitemid 39564639)
36. SG Elner VM Elner JC Nielsen, et al. 1992 CD68 antigen expression by human retinal pigment epithelial cells Exp Eye Res 55 21 28 1397126 1:CAS:528:DyaK38Xls1yiu7w%3D
37. CL Holness DL Simmons 1993 Molecular cloning of CD68, a human macrophage marker related to lysosomal glycoproteins Blood 81 1607 1613 7680921 1:CAS:528:DyaK3sXkvV2gsrw%3D (Pubitemid 23083842)
38. KA Pulford A Sipos JL Cordell, et al. 1990 Distribution of the CD68 macrophage/myeloid associated antigen Int Immunol 2 973 980 2078523 1:STN:280:DyaK3M7nsFKhtQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 20330547)
39. W Khazen JP M'Bika C Tomkiewicz, et al. 2005 Expression of macrophage-selective markers in human and rodent adipocytes FEBS Lett 579 5631 5634 16213494 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtFWnurbE (Pubitemid 41455641)
40. M Nahrendorf FK Swirski E Aikawa, et al. 2007 The healing myocardium sequentially mobilizes two monocyte subsets with divergent and complementary functions J Exp Med 204 3037 3047 18025128 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhsVSgs7jL (Pubitemid 350179569)
41. L Boring J Gosling SW Chensue, et al. 1997 Impaired monocyte migration and reduced type 1 (Th1) cytokine responses in C-C chemokine receptor 2 knockout mice J Clin Invest 100 2552 2561 9366570 1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXnsVymtb0%3D (Pubitemid 27514895)
42. NV Serbina EG Pamer 2006 Monocyte emigration from bone marrow during bacterial infection requires signals mediated by chemokine receptor CCR2 Nat Immunol 7 311 317 16462739 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhsVSrs7w%3D
43. CL Tsou W Peters Y Si, et al. 2007 Critical roles for CCR2 and MCP-3 in monocyte mobilization from bone marrow and recruitment to inflammatory sites J Clin Invest 117 902 909 17364026 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXktVOisbg%3D (Pubitemid 46556746)
44. C Varol L Landsman DK Fogg, et al. 2007 Monocytes give rise to mucosal, but not splenic, conventional dendritic cells J Exp Med 204 171 180 17190836 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtFGjt78%3D (Pubitemid 46148767)
45. Yona S, Jung S (2010) Monocytes: subsets, origins, fates and functions. Curr Opin Hematol 17(1):53-59
46. L Arnold A Henry F Poron, et al. 2007 Inflammatory monocytes recruited after skeletal muscle injury switch into antiinflammatory macrophages to support myogenesis J Exp Med 204 1057 1069 17485518 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXlsFSjtrw%3D (Pubitemid 46798150)
47. C Auffray D Fogg M Garfa, et al. 2007 Monitoring of blood vessels and tissues by a population of monocytes with patrolling behavior Science 317 666 670 17673663 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXptVKjtLo%3D (Pubitemid 47229966)
48. AM Fong LA Robinson DA Steeber, et al. 1998 Fractalkine and CX3CR1 mediate a novel mechanism of leukocyte capture, firm adhesion, and activation under physiologic flow J Exp Med 188 1413 1419 9782118 1:CAS:528: DyaK1cXmslKltb8%3D (Pubitemid 28489578)
49. RD Leek KL Talks F Pezzella, et al. 2002 Relation of hypoxia-inducible factor-2 alpha (HIF-2 alpha) expression in tumor-infiltrative macrophages to tumor angiogenesis and the oxidative thymidine phosphorylase pathway in Human breast cancer Cancer Res 62 1326 1329 11888900 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xit1KhtLk%3D (Pubitemid 34407787)
50. IF Lissbrant P Stattin P Wikstrom, et al. 2000 Tumor associated macrophages in human prostate cancer: relation to clinicopathological variables and survival Int J Oncol 17 445 451 10938382 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M%2FjtVKnsQ%3D%3D
51. EY Lin JW Pollard 2007 Tumor-associated macrophages press the angiogenic switch in breast cancer Cancer Res 67 5064 5066 17545580 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2sXmtVais7g%3D (Pubitemid 46997238)
52. CY Chai WT Chen WC Hung, et al. 2008 Hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha expression correlates with focal macrophage infiltration, angiogenesis and unfavourable prognosis in urothelial carcinoma J Clin Pathol 61 658 664 17908805
53. CE Lewis JW Pollard 2006 Distinct role of macrophages in different tumor microenvironments Cancer Res 66 605 612 16423985 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD28XlsFOmtw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 43165918)
54. T Hagemann SC Robinson M Schulz, et al. 2004 Enhanced invasiveness of breast cancer cell lines upon co-cultivation with macrophages is due to TNF-alpha dependent up-regulation of matrix metalloproteases Carcinogenesis 25 1543 1549 15044327 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmtF2ntrk%3D (Pubitemid 39162720)
55. E Giraudo M Inoue D Hanahan 2004 An amino-bisphosphonate targets MMP-9-expressing macrophages and angiogenesis to impair cervical carcinogenesis J Clin Invest 114 623 633 15343380 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXnsVemtrg%3D (Pubitemid 39578752)
56. SK Biswas L Gangi S Paul, et al. 2006 A distinct and unique transcriptional program expressed by tumor-associated macrophages (defective NF-kappaB and enhanced IRF-3/STAT1 activation) Blood 107 2112 2122 16269622 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XitFChtLc%3D (Pubitemid 43289397)
57. E Gottfried S Faust J Fritsche, et al. 2003 Identification of genes expressed in tumor-associated macrophages Immunobiology 207 351 359 14575150 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXpt1Omsrk%3D (Pubitemid 37258645)
58. FO Martinez L Helming S Gordon 2009 Alternative activation of macrophages: an immunologic functional perspective Annu Rev Immunol 27 451 483 19105661 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXlsFSltrk%3D
59. A Mantovani A Sica S Sozzani, et al. 2004 The chemokine system in diverse forms of macrophage activation and polarization Trends Immunol 25 677 686 15530839 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXptl2ktbs%3D (Pubitemid 39457982)
60. A Sica T Schioppa A Mantovani, et al. 2006 Tumour-associated macrophages are a distinct M2 polarised population promoting tumour progression: potential targets of anti-cancer therapy Eur J Cancer 42 717 727 16520032 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xjs1Grt78%3D
61. SD Ricardo H van Goor AA Eddy 2008 Macrophage diversity in renal injury and repair J Clin Invest 118 3522 3530 18982158 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtlGltLrP
62. DG DeNardo JB Barreto P Andreu, et al. 2009 CD4(+) T cells regulate pulmonary metastasis of mammary carcinomas by enhancing protumor properties of macrophages Cancer Cell 16 91 102 19647220 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhsVCjsrfJ
63. J O'Brien P Schedin 2009 Macrophages in breast cancer: do involution macrophages account for the poor prognosis of pregnancy-associated breast cancer? J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia 14 145 157 19350209
64. LS Hammes RR Tekmal P Naud, et al. 2007 Macrophages, inflammation and risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) progression-clinicopathological correlation Gynecol Oncol 105 157 165 17229459 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXjsVemsL8%3D (Pubitemid 46441454)
65. S Ostrand-Rosenberg P Sinha 2009 Myeloid-derived suppressor cells: linking inflammation and cancer J Immunol 182 4499 4506 19342621 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXjvFOjtrg%3D
66. P Serafini I Borrello V Bronte 2006 Myeloid suppressor cells in cancer: recruitment, phenotype, properties, and mechanisms of immune suppression Semin Cancer Biol 16 53 65 16168663 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XotVCmuw%3D%3D (Pubitemid 43139709)
67. V Bronte P Serafini E Apolloni, et al. 2001 Tumor-induced immune dysfunctions caused by myeloid suppressor cells J Immunother 24 431 446 11759067 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38Xkt1Gi (Pubitemid 33104863)
68. JI Youn S Nagaraj M Collazo, et al. 2008 Subsets of myeloid-derived suppressor cells in tumor-bearing mice J Immunol 181 5791 5802 18832739 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXhtF2hsL3I
69. L Yang LM DeBusk K Fukuda, et al. 2004 Expansion of myeloid immune suppressor Gr+CD11b+ cells in tumor-bearing host directly promotes tumor angiogenesis Cancer Cell 6 409 421 15488763 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXpsF2rtLo%3D (Pubitemid 39361441)
70. P Filipazzi HV Vanlenti, et al. 2007 Identification of a new subset of myeloid suppressor cells in peripheral blood of melanoma patients with modulation by a granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulation factor-based antitumor vaccine J Clin Oncology 25 2546 2553 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXotV2mt7Y%3D (Pubitemid 47041228)
71. DM Lathers N Achille K Kolesiak, et al. 2001 Increased levels of immune inhibitory CD34+ progenitor cells in the peripheral blood of patients with node positive head and neck squamous cell carcinomas and the ability of these CD34+ cells to differentiate into immune stimulatory dendritic cells Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 125 205 212 11555755 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3Mrgslahtg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 33662669)
72. AH Zea PC Rodriguez MB Atkins, et al. 2005 Arginase-producing myeloid suppressor cells in renal cell carcinoma patients: a mechanism of tumor evasion Cancer Res 65 3044 3048 15833831 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXjt1yks7g%3D (Pubitemid 40524582)
73. P Serafini S Mgebroff K Noonan, et al. 2008 Myeloid-derived suppressor cells promote cross-tolerance in B-cell lymphoma by expanding regulatory T cells Cancer Res 68 5439 5449 18593947 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXnvFyjur4%3D
74. DI Gabrilovich S Nagaraj 2009 Myeloid-derived suppressor cells as regulators of the immune system Nat Rev Immunol 9 162 174 19197294 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhsFeqsbw%3D
75. CA Corzo MJ Cotter P Cheng, et al. 2009 Mechanism regulating reactive oxygen species in tumor-induced myeloid-derived suppressor cells J Immunol 182 5693 5701 19380816 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXkslKhs7g%3D
76. S Nagaraj DI Gabrilovich 2008 Tumor escape mechanism governed by myeloid-derived suppressor cells Cancer Res 68 2561 2563 18413722 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXks1Git7s%3D (Pubitemid 351556251)
77. SA Kusmartsev Y Li SH Chen 2000 Gr-1+ myeloid cells derived from tumor-bearing mice inhibit primary T cell activation induced through CD3/CD28 costimulation J Immunol 165 779 785 10878351 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXkvFWisLo%3D (Pubitemid 30484744)
78. A Mazzoni V Bronte A Visintin, et al. 2002 Myeloid suppressor lines inhibit T cell responses by an NO-dependent mechanism J Immunol 168 689 695 11777962 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD38XksFWlsg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 34049569)
79. P Sinha VK Clements SK Bunt, et al. 2007 Cross-talk between myeloid-derived suppressor cells and macrophages subverts tumor immunity toward a type 2 response J Immunol 179 977 983 17617589 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXnt1Wmtbs%3D
80. LA Pekarek BA Starr AY Toledano, et al. 1995 Inhibition of tumor growth by elimination of granulocytes J Exp Med 181 435 440 7807024 1:CAS:528:DyaK2MXisl2rsLs%3D
81. SK Bunt VK Clements EM Hanson, et al. 2009 Inflammation enhances myeloid-derived suppressor cell cross-talk by signaling through Toll-like receptor 4 J Leukoc Biol 85 996 1004 19261929 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXmvFKrsL8%3D
82. H Nozawa C Chiu D Hanahan 2006 Infiltrating neutrophils mediate the initial angiogenic switch in a mouse model of multistage carcinogenesis Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103 12493 12498 16891410 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xos1OjurY%3D (Pubitemid 44267286)
83. J Rehman L Jingling CM Orschell, et al. 2003 Peripheral blood "endothelial progenitor cells" are derived from monocyte/macrophages and secrete angiogenic growth factors Circ 107 1164 1169 (Pubitemid 36297209)
84. P Romagnani F Annunziato F Liotta, et al. 2005 CD14+CD34low cells with stem cell phenotype and functional features are the major source of circulating endothelial progenitors Circ Res 97 314 322 16020753 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD2MXntlSitbY%3D (Pubitemid 41216135)
85. EE Sharpe AA Teleron B Li, et al. 2006 The origin and in vivo significance of murine and human culture expanded endothelial progenitor cells (CE-EPCs) Am J Pathol 168 1710 1720 16651636 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XkvF2nurw%3D
86. DA Ingram LE Mead H Tanaka, et al. 2004 Identification of a novel hierarchy of endothelial progenitor cells using human peripheral and umbilical cord blood Blood 104 2752 2760 15226175 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXpslKjtrg%3D (Pubitemid 39434958)
87. S Raffi D Lyden 2003 Therapeutic stem and progenitor cell transplantation for organ vascularization and regeneration Nature Med 9 702 712 (Pubitemid 36749219)
88. C Kalka H Masuda T Takahashi, et al. 2000 Vascular endothelial growth factor165 gene transfer augments circulating endothelial progenitor cells in human subjects Circ Res 86 1198 1202 10864908 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXks1Kmtr8%3D (Pubitemid 30436658)
89. J Yamaguchi KF Kusano O Masuo, et al. 2003 Stromal cell-derived factor-1 effects on ex vivo expanded endothelial progenitor cell recruitment for ischemic neovascularization Circ 107 1322 1328 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXhs1WgsLg%3D (Pubitemid 36314418)
90. MC Yoder LE Mead D Prater, et al. 2007 Redefining endothelial progenitor cells via clonal analysis and hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell principals Blood 109 1801 1809 17053059 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXjtFeqtrc%3D (Pubitemid 46348173)
91. AS Bailey H Willenbring S Jiang, et al. 2006 Myeloid lineage progenitors give rise to vascular endothelium Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 103 13156 13161 16920790 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xptlelsrg%3D (Pubitemid 44338932)
92. NI Moldovan PJ Goldschmidt-Clermont J Parker-Thornburg, et al. 2000 Contribution of monocytes/macrophages to compensatory neovascularization: the drilling of metalloelastase-positive tunnels in ischemic myocardium Circ Res 87 341 343
93. FD Camargo R Green Y Capetenaki, et al. 2003 Single hematopoietic stem cells generate skeletal muscle through myeloid intermediates Nature Med 9 1520 1527 14625546 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXpt1Gks7w%3D (Pubitemid 38004780)
94. D Kerjaschki N Hurttary I Raab, et al. 2006 Lymphatic endothelial progenitor cells contribute to de novo lymphangiogenesis in human renal transplants Nat Med 12 230 234 16415878 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtFWqtb0%3D (Pubitemid 43214751)
95. K Maruyama M Ii C Cursiefen, et al. 2005 Inflammation-induced lymphangiogenesis in the cornea arises from CD11b-positive macrophages J Clin Invest 115 2363 2372 16138190 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXhtVSjsrfM (Pubitemid 41266198)
96. JR Conejo-Garcia RJ Buckanovich F Benencia, et al. 2005 Vascular leukocytes contribute to tumor vascularization Blood 105 679 681 15358628 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXltlGgtA%3D%3D (Pubitemid 40070752)
97. JR Conejo-Garcia F Benencia M Courreges, et al. 2004 Tumor-infiltrating dendritic cell precursors recruited by a b-defensin contribute to vasculogenesis under the influence of VEGF-A Nature Med 10 950 958 15334073 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXntFSktL4%3D (Pubitemid 39273736)
98. B Li A Vincent JM Cates, et al. 2009 Low levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha increase tumor growth by inducing an endothelial phenotype of monocytes recruited to the tumor site Cancer Res 69 338 348 19118019 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD1MXmvFKn
99. GJ Madlambayan JM Butler K Hosaka, et al. 2009 Bone marrow stem and proenitor cell contribution to neovasculogenesis is dependent on model system with SDF-1 as a permissive trigger Blood 114 4310 4319 19717647 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhsVGku7nI
100. CE Lewis M De Palma L Naldini 2007 Tie2-expressing monocytes and tumor angiogenesis: regulation by hypoxia and angiopoietin-2 Cancer Res 67 8429 8432 17875679 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtVCit7%2FE (Pubitemid 47437413)
101. M De Palma MA Venneri R Galli, et al. 2005 Tie2 identifies a hematopoietic lineage of proangiogenic monocytes required for tumor vessel formation and a mesenchymal population of pericyte progenitors Cancer Cell 8 211 226 16169466 (Pubitemid 41317592)
102. G Coukos 2007 Monocytes TIE(2)d up in murky business Blood 109 5076 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXmslOkurY%3D (Pubitemid 46890519)
103. MA Venneri M De Palma M Ponzoni, et al. 2007 Identification of proangiogenic TIE2-expressing monocytes (TEMs) in human peripheral blood and cancer Blood 109 5276 5285 17327411 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXmslOrsL8%3D (Pubitemid 46890548)
104. F Pucci MA Venneri D Biziato, et al. 2009 A distinguishing gene signature shared by tumor-infiltrating Tie2-expressing monocytes, blood "resident" monocytes, and embryonic macrophages suggests common functions and developmental relationships Blood 114 901 914 19383967 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXpsVGjsro%3D
105. M De Palma MA Venneri C Roca, et al. 2003 Targeting exogenous genes to tumor angiogenesis by transplantation of genetically modified hematopoietic stem cells Nat Med 9 789 795 12740570 (Pubitemid 36749231)
106. C Murdoch A Giannoudis CE Lewis 2004 Mechanisms regulating the recruitment of macrophages into hypoxic areas of tumors and other ischemic tissues Blood 104 2224 2234 15231578 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXovVegsbs%3D (Pubitemid 39331817)
107. KE de Visser LV Korets LM Coussens 2005 De novo carcinogenesis promoted by chronic inflammation is B lymphocyte dependent Cancer Cell 7 411 423 15894262 (Pubitemid 40719125)
108. JW Pollard 2004 Tumour-educated macrophages promote tumour progression and metastasis Nat Rev Cancer 4 71 78 14708027 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXos12qtA%3D%3D (Pubitemid 38082155)
109. MC Schmid JA Varner 2007 Myeloid cell trafficking and tumor angiogenesis Cancer Letters 250 1 8 17049723 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXjslSqtr8%3D (Pubitemid 46483840)
110. A Mantovani A Sica P Allavena, et al. 2009 Tumor-associated macrophages and the related myeloid-derived suppressor cells as a paradigm of the diversity of macrophage activation Hum Immunol 70 325 330 19236898 1:CAS:528: DC%2BD1MXltVCrtLw%3D
111. A Saccani T Schioppa C Porta, et al. 2006 p50 nuclear factor-kappaB overexpression in tumor-associated macrophages inhibits M1 inflammatory responses and antitumor resistance Cancer Res 66 11432 11440 17145890 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28Xht1KnsL3L (Pubitemid 46009975)
112. DH Bray SB Squire A Kawana, et al. 1993 Antiretroviral treatment reverses HIV-induced reduction in the expression of surface antigens on alveolar macrophages in AIDS patients Clin Exp Immunol 91 13 17 8419072 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXksFagtg%3D%3D (Pubitemid 23027990)
113. MK Chang LJ Raggatt KA Alexander, et al. 2008 Osteal tissue macrophages are intercalated throughout human and mouse bone lining tissues and regulate osteoblast function in vitro and in vivo J Immunol 181 1232 1244 18606677 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1cXotF2rsbk%3D
114. GC Furtado B Pina F Tacke, et al. 2006 A novel model of demyelinating encephalomyelitis induced by monocytes and dendritic cells J Immunol 177 6871 6879 17082601 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD28XhtFGrtr3O (Pubitemid 44715052)
115. J Hamann N Koning W Pouwels, et al. 2007 EMR1, the human homolog of F4/80, is an eosinophil-specific receptor Eur J Immunol 37 2797 2802 17823986 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXht1ersrrK (Pubitemid 47578299)
116. PJ Leenen MF de Bruijn JS Voerman, et al. 1994 Markers of mouse macrophage development detected by monoclonal antibodies J Immunol Methods 174 5 19 8083537 1:CAS:528:DyaK2cXmtValsLw%3D (Pubitemid 24297132)
117. J Ruppert D Friedrichs H Xu, et al. 1991 IL-4 decreases the expression of the monocyte differentiation marker CD14, paralleled by an increasing accessory potency Immunobiology 182 449 464 1717365 1:CAS:528:DyaK3MXmslOnsL4%3D
118. I Striz H Pokorna-Sochurkova L Zheng, et al. 2001 Calprotectin expression and mononuclear phagocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood and bronchoalveolar lavage Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis 18 57 63 11354548 1:STN:280:DC%2BD3M3lsFGmug%3D%3D (Pubitemid 32280537)
119. LS Wilkinson JG Worrall HD Sinclair, et al. 1990 Immunohistological reassessment of accessory cell populations in normal and diseased human synovium Br J Rheumatol 29 259 263 2198976 1:STN:280:DyaK3czjsFGksQ%3D%3D (Pubitemid 20226535)
120. LC Zaba J Fuentes-Duculan RM Steinman, et al. 2007 Normal human dermis contains distinct populations of CD11c+BDCA-1+ dendritic cells and CD163+FXIIIA+ macrophages J Clin Invest 117 2517 2525 17786242 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhtVCms7jM (Pubitemid 47494353)